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Journal articles on the topic 'Substance abuse treatment'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

N.Abhijit and M.Pradeep Kumar. "A Cross Sectional Study on Prevalence and Determinants of Substance Abuse among College Students." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 15, no. 3 (July 4, 2024): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.37506/p3tt9093.

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Background: Substance abuse in India continues to be a major problem for both individuals and society. Substance abuse refers to hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including smoking, alcohol and illicit drugs. Substance abuse can lead to dependence syndrome-a cluster of behavioral, cognitive and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated use of substances like alcohol and tobacco. Objectives: To find out the prevalence and determinants of substance abuse among college students and assess the awareness regarding treatment of substance abuse among them. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 college students randomly selected from different colleges in Ongole from April to May 2022. Data was collected by using pre-tested semi structured questionnaires after taking informed consent from study participants. p- value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Prevalence of substance abuse was 34%, and the common substances abused were alcohol, smoking, ganja and gutka. Major determinants were experimentation followed by peer pressure and family influence. Hostel stay, socio economic status and professional courses are found to be statistically significant for substance abuse . Conclusions: Substance abuse is a rampant problem globally. Proper awareness has to be provided regarding substance abuse to children by family and teachers right from a young age to prevent increased incidence of substance abuse.

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2

Fetterhoff, Kelly. "Substance Abuse Stigma." Journal of Addictions Nursing 34, no. 4 (October 2023): E195—E200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jan.0000000000000531.

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Abstract Substance abuse stigma is a social phenomenon that negatively impacts individuals who use illicit substances or alcohol. This stigma includes the derogatory terms used to describe people who use substances; perceptions that individuals with alcohol and substance use disorder are dangerous, immoral, and of weak character; and the public blaming of the addicted people for their addiction. Substance abuse took the life of over 100,000 Americans between 2020 and 2021, and one identified barrier to treatment is the stigma associated with substance abuse. When someone is ashamed, they are less likely to seek treatment, and when someone is seeking help and is greeted with negative preconceptions, they are again deterred from treatment. The stigma exists in multiple layers of society including the general public, policy makers, the police, doctors, and nurses and within the person using the substance. The purpose of this article is to define substance abuse stigma in multiple contexts and explore its effects on treatment.

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3

Weddington, William W., and A. Thomas McLellan. "Substance Abuse Treatment." Psychiatric Services 45, no. 1 (January 1994): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.45.1.80.

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4

Stephenson, J. "Substance Abuse Treatment." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 283, no. 15 (April 19, 2000): 1950—c—1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.283.15.1950-c.

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5

Stephenson, Joan. "Substance Abuse Treatment." JAMA 283, no. 15 (April 19, 2000): 1950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.283.15.1950-jha00002-4-1.

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6

Turgunov, M. A., and O. O. Eshonkhuzhaev. "Rational methods of substance abuse treatment." Farmacevticheskoe delo i tehnologija lekarstv (Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology), no. 4 (July 30, 2022): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-13-2208-12.

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The aim of the work was to study modern methods of treatment of substance abuse with various psychoactive substances. Materials and methods. Analysis of literature data on the pharmacotherapy of various forms of substance abuse.

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7

Pagliaro, Louis A., and Ann M. Pagliaro. "The Phenomenon of Substance Abuse among the Elderly: Part I." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 8, no. 2 (March 1992): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512259200800206.

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Because substance abuse, already a major problem among elderly people, is expected to worsen significantly during the 1990s, healthcare providers must be better prepared to identify and deal effectively with this important area of geriatric care. We present an overview of the phenomenon of substance abuse among the elderly with particular attention to the abuse of alcohol and benzodiazepines, the two substances most commonly abused by elderly people. Traditionally, substance abuse among the elderly has gone largely unrecognized because of a low level of suspicion, misdiagnosis, and concealment. It is axiomatic that problems cannot be solved unless they are first identified and appropriately characterized. To respond to the increasing problem of substance abuse among the elderly, healthcare providers must recognize that elderly people are at particular risk for substance abuse, and because of their heterogeneity, they require individualized and diverse prevention and treatment approaches. Once the abuse is identified and properly characterized, specific prevention and treatment strategies can be developed and implemented.

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8

Roberts, Albert R., and Kenneth R. Yeager. "Adolescent Substance Abuse and Crisis Intervention." Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 5, no. 1 (February 2005): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/mhi001.

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9

Fullilove, Mindy Thompson, and Jeffrey L. Geller. "Treatment of Substance Abuse." Psychiatric Services 48, no. 6 (June 1997): 840–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.48.6.840.

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10

Kaminer, Yifrah, Ralph E. Tarter, Oscar G. Bukstein, and Mostefa Kabene. "Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment." American Journal on Addictions 1, no. 2 (April 1992): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.1992.tb00016.x.

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11

Pelissier, Bernadette, Mark Motivans, and Jennifer L. Rounds-Bryant. "Substance Abuse Treatment Outcomes." Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 41, no. 2 (May 2005): 57–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j076v41n02_04.

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12

Howell, Embry M., and Ira J. Chasnoff. "Perinatal Substance Abuse Treatment." Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 17, no. 1-2 (July 1999): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0740-5472(98)00069-5.

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13

Larkin, Marilynn. "Substance abuse treatment urged." Lancet 357, no. 9270 (June 2001): 1811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04885-6.

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14

Woodward, Albert. "Changing Substance Abuse Treatment." Health Affairs 12, no. 1 (January 1993): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.12.1.233.

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15

Woodward, A. "Changing Substance Abuse Treatment." Health Affairs 12, no. 1 (February 1, 1992): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.12.1.233-a.

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16

Tracy, Elizabeth M., HyunSoo Kim, Suzanne Brown, Meeyoung O. Min, Min Kyoung Jun, and Christopher McCarty. "Substance Abuse Treatment Stage and Personal Networks of Women in Substance Abuse Treatment." Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research 3, no. 2 (January 2012): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5243/jsswr.2012.5.

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17

Fehrman, Elaine. "Developing a trauma-sensitive, compassion focused substance misuse treatment intervention for prisoners." Abuse: An International Impact Journal 3, no. 2 (October 12, 2022): 61–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2022.038.

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The aim of this paper is to present a newly developed substance misuse treatment intervention, which has been devised from an extensive review of the literature relating to the prevalence and repercussions of trauma amongst people who use forensic services and use substances. The clinical utility and applicability of integrating Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) within the context of delivering this new intervention is discussed. As the first pilot is preparing to launch at a high secure site, this paper provides a descriptive, theoretical account of the programme and the rationale for the various components.

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18

Dallas, Jinjutha Chaisena, Pornchai Jullamate, Duangjai Vatanasin, Saifone Moungkum, Sivasankari Nadarajan, and Nisakorn Krungkraipetch. "Resilience and Influencing Factors Among Youths Undergoing Substance Abuse Treatment in Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study." SAGE Open Nursing 9 (January 2023): 237796082311579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23779608231157986.

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Introduction Resilience aids rapid recovery from substance abuse, prevents the likelihood of relapse, and improves the quality of life of the youths with substance abuse. Objective This study aimed to assess the resilience level and related factors predicting resilience among youths undergoing substance abuse treatment in Thailand. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design with a simple random sampling technique was used. A total of 430 young substance abusers undergoing treatment were recruited from ten treatment centers in Eastern Thailand from April to June 2021. Data were collected using nine questionnaires: demographic form, resilience questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire, psychological flexibility for substance abuser questionnaire, cognitive fusion questionnaire, substance abuse self-stigma scale, family connectedness scale, friendship intimacy questionnaire, and personal resource questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze data. Results The results showed a high level of resilience (89.30%) among the youths undergoing substance abuse treatment. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the significant factors associated with resilience include self-esteem (β = 0.260, p < .001), psychological flexibility (β = 0.222, p < .001), social support (β = 0.209, p < .000), and family connectedness (β = −0.194, p < .001). All the variables collectively explained 26.9% of the variance for resilience among the youths with substance abuse ( R2 = .269, p < .001). Conclusion Determining resilience and its related factors among the youths undergoing substance abuse treatment is significant as it guides the formulation of the substance abuse treatment programs, improves mental health and quality of life, and prevents relapse.

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19

Shore, Michael. "Substance Abuse Treatment Needs Overhaul." Psychiatric News 46, no. 5 (March 4, 2011): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.46.5.psychnews_46_5_16_1.

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20

Steiker, Lori K. Holleran, and Patricia Pape. "Spirituality and Substance Abuse Treatment." Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions 7, no. 4 (January 23, 2008): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j160v07n04_08.

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21

Grabowski, John, and Joy M. Schmitz. "Psychologic treatment of substance abuse." Current Opinion in Psychiatry 11, no. 3 (May 1998): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001504-199805000-00009.

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22

Ross, Helen E., Melissa Cutler, and Sherrilyn M. Sklar. "Retention in Substance Abuse Treatment." American Journal on Addictions 6, no. 4 (October 1997): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.1997.tb00410.x.

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23

McAuliffe, William E., Richard LaBrie, Ryan Woodworth, Caroline Zhang, and Ryan P. Dunn. "State Substance Abuse Treatment Gaps." American Journal on Addictions 12, no. 2 (March 4, 2003): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2003.tb00609.x.

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24

Stimmel, Barry. "Effective Treatment for Substance Abuse:." Journal of Addictive Diseases 11, no. 2 (April 15, 1992): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j069v11n02_01.

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25

McLellan, A. Thomas, Teresa Ann Hagan, Kathleen Meyers, Mary Randall, and Jack Durell. "“Intensive” Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment." Journal of Addictive Diseases 16, no. 2 (February 27, 1997): 57–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j069v16n02_05.

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26

Seelye, Edward E. "Textbook of Substance Abuse Treatment." American Journal of Psychotherapy 49, no. 2 (April 1995): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1995.49.2.300.

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27

Grella, Christine E., and Lisa Greenwell. "Substance Abuse Treatment for Women." Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 31, no. 4 (October 2004): 367–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00075484-200410000-00003.

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28

Vinall, M., and H. Myrick. "Advances in Substance Abuse Treatment." MD Conference Express 9, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155989770903003.

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29

Tenegra, Johnny C., and Bobby Leebold. "Substance Abuse Screening and Treatment." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 43, no. 2 (June 2016): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2016.01.008.

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30

McGovern, Mark P., Elizabeth C. Saunders, and Eunhee Kim. "Substance abuse treatment implementation research." Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 44, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2012.09.006.

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31

McAuliffe, William E., Richard LaBrie, Ryan Woodworth, Caroline Zhang, and Ryan P. Dunn. "State Substance Abuse Treatment Gaps." American Journal on Addictions 12, no. 2 (January 2003): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10550490390201371.

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32

Swensen, Isaac D. "Substance-abuse treatment and mortality." Journal of Public Economics 122 (February 2015): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.12.008.

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33

Perlmutter, Susan Jo. "Pharmacologic Treatment of Substance Abuse." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 4, no. 2 (April 1995): 435–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1056-4993(18)30441-3.

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34

Rotgers, R. "Textbook of Substance Abuse Treatment." Journal of Studies on Alcohol 56, no. 1 (January 1995): 122–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1995.56.122.

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35

Rosenberg, Linda. "Medication Treatment For Substance Abuse." Health Affairs 38, no. 4 (April 2019): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00112.

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36

Peindl, PhD, Kathleen S., Paolo Mannelli, MD, Li-Tzy Wu, ScD, and Ashwin A. Patkar, MD. "Trends in nonheroin opioid abuse admissions: 1992-2004." Journal of Opioid Management 3, no. 4 (July 1, 2007): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jom.2007.0007.

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Aims: This study examines trends for treatment admissions for nonheroin opioid abuse from 1992 to 2004.Methods: Databases from the Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA, USA): Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) were used to examine the changing characteristics of admissions to treatment for nonheroin opioid abuse. Data are collected annually from each state on characteristics of admissions to treatment for all substances abused in the United States. Using the Mann-Kendall test for examining annual trends, we determined any significant trend changes by modeling data for every 2 years of TEDS information from 1992 to 2004.Results: We found significant changes for admissions to substance abuse treatment from 1992 to 2004. Overall, nonheroin opioid admissions to treatment have increased, specifically among adolescents. Other significant trends included an increase in the never-married group admitted, a higher rate of psychiatric problems for nonheroin opioid abuse admissions, changes in the treatment services and significant associations between age of first use of marijuana and methamphetamine, and subsequent nonheroin opioid abuse admissions.Conclusion: Characteristics of admissions to treatment are changing over time and identify an admitted treatment group that is historically different from heroin abusers. These findings will give providers information about who is seeking treatment for nonheroin opiate abuse. Altered treatment strategies that target the changing population who seek treatment for nonheroin opioid abuse need to be universally available.

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37

Umurzakova, N. S., M. A. Turgunov, and O. O. Eshonkhuzhaev. "Placebo in clinical practice and new drugs testing." Farmacevticheskoe delo i tehnologija lekarstv (Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology), no. 4 (July 30, 2022): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-13-2208-13.

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The aim of the work was to study modern methods of treatment of substance abuse with various psychoactive substances. Materials and methods. Analysis of literature data on the pharmacotherapy of various forms of substance abuse.

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38

Sullivan, Michael, and John Wodarski. "Rating College Students' Substance Abuse: A Systematic Literature Review." Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 4, no. 1 (2004): 71–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/mhh006.

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39

Roy, Pritam Kumar, Mounika Pydipalli, Shruti Trivedi, Waheda Rehman, and Vallabh Thakkar. "Life skills education: a coping strategy against substance abuse." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 4147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213056.

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Substance abuse has been a topic of discussion for healthcare professionals. It involves using harmful or hazardous psychoactive substances that, if administered into one's system, can affect the mental processes. Consumption of these substances leads to societal as well as health problems among its users there by indirectly affecting their families too. These substances mainly include alcohol, tobacco, opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, hallucinogens, prescription and over-the-counter drug abuse.1,2 According to the world drug report 2020 by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), there are about 35 million people who suffer from drug use disorders and require treatment services globally.2 In India, the substance abuse epidemic in the younger generation has increased rapidly. The crucial factors which lead to these problems involve familial, social as well as individual problems. Familial issues may involve childhood maltreatment or familial substance abuse. Similarly, social issues involves deviant peer pressure and association with popular groups in order to prevent from being bullied. Individual factors which might lead to substance abuse includes depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).3 Its prevalence at the national level varies for different substance abuse forms, accompanied by drastic regional variations. Issues regarding treatment access and adherence concerning substance user disorders (SUD) already existed. Due to the current COVID-19 situation, drastic social and economic changes have further worsened the situation. So in this regard, newer strategies have to be brought up in place.4 It has been found that life skills education is one of the most influential activities in school-based substance abuse prevention.

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40

Amin, Ulfat, Adil Mudasir Malla, Ishrat Amin, and Roohi Jan. "Substance Abuse: A Public Health Concern." Indian Journal of Psychiatric Nursing 20, no. 2 (2023): 168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/iopn.iopn_25_23.

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Abstract The context and purpose of the study. Substance abuse is a serious public health concern that affects the millions of people worldwide. It refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including drugs and alcohol, that can lead to various health problems, such as addiction, mental health disorders, and physical illness. Alcohol, nicotine, and other illicit drugs are frequently used in excess in substance use disorders, which can impair social, academic, and professional functioning. Cannabis, sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, inhalants, opioids, hallucinogens, and stimulants are the most abused drugs. Throughout human history, substance abuse has been a complex public health issue. The two main approaches frequently used to address the issue of substance abuse are risk factors and treatment modalities. They relate to the various fields of genetic inheritance, physiology, cognitive science, parents, social development, and cultural structures. One of the main issues with public health in today’s culture is drug misuse. Recently, there has been an upsurge in the prevalence of drug usage, especially opioid abuse, worldwide and in Kashmir. This review paper points to a complicated interplay between various variables that affect teenage drug usage. It also describes the different risk factors leading to substance abuse and the various behavioral therapies for substance use disorders that may enhance patient results. As a result, intensive effort across all the levels of domains will be needed to create programmes that prevent teenage substance misuse.

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41

Mafa, Prudence, Jabulani Makhubele, and Enoch Rabotata. "“Remember, we are not White”." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 11, no. 9 (December 25, 2022): 300–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i9.2143.

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Substance abuse and its associated disorders affect a whole spectrum of people. Substance users and individuals affected by substance abuse come from diverse backgrounds with varying beliefs and subscribe to various doctrines. This body of work explores the perspectives of a certain Black rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa, about substance abuse and its treatment in their neighbourhood. Data was collected from purposively sampled community members aged between 18 and 35 years through a focus group discussion. The participation of the focus group members in the study was voluntary and consented to. The collected data was coded and thematically analysed. Community members ascribe the abuse of substances to different factors such as peer pressure, poverty, and idleness—the most prominent factor, as cited by participants, is witchcraft fueled by jealousy. The youth in the community feel like a failure to maintain sobriety by those admitted to treatment centers is not only due to structural challenges but can also be attributed to the spiritual realm. There is a need to consider service users’ backgrounds and beliefs in substance abuse treatment. The social work value of individualization should be duly applied when working with people who have substance abuse problems. There is also a need to obtain treatment workers’ perspectives about the integrated approach in treating substance use disorders.

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42

Mangrum, Laurel F., Richard T. Spence, and Michelle D. Steinley-Bumgarner. "Gender Differences in Substance-Abuse Treatment Clients With Co-occurring Psychiatric and Substance-Use Disorders." Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention 6, no. 3 (2006): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/mhl006.

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43

Kelly, Deanna L., Elizabeth A. Gale, and Robert R. Conley. "Clozapine Treatment in Patients with Prior Substance Abuse." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 48, no. 2 (March 2003): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370304800208.

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Objective: This study examined outcomes following discharge on clozapine for treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients with and without diagnosed substance abuse histories. Methods: Those discharged on clozapine from a research unit between April 1991 and March 1996 were followed with respect to hospitalization status. Of the treatment-resistant patients with schizophrenia, 19 were diagnosed as individuals with substance abuse, while 26 patients had no history of abuse. Patients were openly treated with clozapine and were included in the study if they were stabilized and discharged on the medication. Results: Patients who had histories of abuse exhibited a better treatment response and a lower total Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score at discharge, compared with the non–substance abuse group. One-year readmission rates were 21% and 23% in patients with and without prior substance abuse histories, respectively ( P = ns). Conclusions: Clozapine may be a therapeutic option for the dually diagnosed population and may offer benefits to patients with schizophrenia who have a history of substance abuse.

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44

Brown, Thomas G., Annette Werk, Tom Caplan, and Peter Seraganian. "Violent Substance Abusers in Domestic Violence Treatment." Violence and Victims 14, no. 2 (January 1999): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.14.2.179.

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Although substance abuse is frequently encountered in men receiving services in violence treatment settings, systematic study of these ‘dual-problem’ men has lagged. This study had two main objectives: (1) the characterization of psychoactive substance abuse disorders in a naturalistic sample of men in domestic violence treatment; and (2) clarification of the role of substance abuse on the sociodemographic, personality, psychosocial, and abuse characteristics of dual-problem men. Fifty-three adult men who were attending domestic violence treatment were recruited. They were administered the Addiction Severity Index, the Conflicts Tactics Scale, Structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview, the 16PF and the Symptoms Checklist-90. Partners, when available, were asked to provide corroboration. Sixty-three percent of the men had a current diagnosis of psychoactive substance abuse or dependence, while 92.5% had a lifetime diagnosis. Of the former, the majority was diagnosed as multiply dependent on alcohol and other drugs. As the severity of the substance abuse increased, so too did the dangerousness and frequency of abusive behaviors. Moreover, dual-problem men reported more hostility, apprehension, frustration and suspiciousness and past arrests than did their violence-only cohorts as well as a history of multiple (unsuccessful) treatments for substance abuse. These findings suggest that the trend toward multiple drug complaints seen in other clinical milieus is also being confronted in conjugal violence settings. In addition to the greater therapeutic challenge such dual-problem men present, these findings speak to the need to investigate integrated treatment approaches to improve the outlook of men grappling with both conjugal violence and multiple substance abuse problems.

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45

Neff, James Alan, and Samuel A. MacMaster. "Spiritual Mechanisms Underlying Substance Abuse Behavior Change in Faith-Based Substance Abuse Treatment." Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions 5, no. 3 (September 14, 2005): 33–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j160v05n03_04.

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46

Futterman, Roy, Kate Sapadin, and Susan Silverman. "Transferring psychological technology into substance abuse treatment: Substance abuse as a psychiatric illness." Addiction Research & Theory 14, no. 3 (January 2006): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16066350500174012.

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47

Peltan, Jessica R., and Tony Cellucci. "Childhood sexual abuse and substance abuse treatment utilization among substance-dependent incarcerated women." Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 41, no. 3 (October 2011): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2011.03.004.

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48

Marsh, Jeanne C., and Nancy A. Miller. "Female Clients in Substance Abuse Treatment." International Journal of the Addictions 20, no. 6-7 (January 1985): 995–1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826088509047762.

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49

Anonymous. "Substance abuse, treatment, and the courts." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 35, no. 7 (July 1997): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0279-3695-19970701-09.

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50

Kelly, Reena Joseph. "Service Profiles in Substance Abuse Treatment." Academy of Management Proceedings 2020, no. 1 (August 2020): 21225. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2020.21225abstract.

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