Academic literature on the topic 'Substance abuse – Treatment – Cross-cultural studies'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Substance abuse – Treatment – Cross-cultural studies.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Substance abuse – Treatment – Cross-cultural studies"

1

Lo, T. Wing, Jerf W. K. Yeung, and Cherry H. L. Tam. "Substance Abuse and Public Health: A Multilevel Perspective and Multiple Responses." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 10, 2020): 2610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072610.

Full text
Abstract:
Substance abuse has been a thorny public health concern throughout human history. Manifestly, prevention and treatment are the two main strategies commonly adopted to tackle the problem of substance abuse. They are in fact cross-disciplinary, and they relate to the various domains of heredity, biology, psychology, cognitive science, family, social development and cultural structures. This special issue, “Substance Abuse, Environment and Public Health,” has published empirical studies from different regions and countries globally to enhance the international exchange of latest views and findings on the etiology, processes and influences of substance abuse across different domains, through which a multilevel perspective is considered more helpful for analyzing its complex nature, courses and consequences. This in turn suggests the possible need to employ multiple responses dynamically and integratively in the prevention and treatment of substance abuse.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Karadag, F. "Posttraumatic Disorders in Patients with Substance Dependence: Dissociative Disorders and Substance Dependence." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70478-x.

Full text
Abstract:
There are limited number of studies about dissociative disorders and substance abuse/dependence. Ross et al (1992) found that 39.0% of 100 chemically dependent patients had a dissociative disorder. Dunn et al (1995) found that this rate was 15.0% for 100 patients with substance use disorder at the end of their inpatient treatment. In the third study, 215 consecutive inpatients were recruited. The prevalence of the DSM-IV dissociative disorders was 17.2%. 67.6% of these patients’ dissociative experiences had started 3.6 (SD=2.9, range: 1.0-11.0) years before onset of the substance use in average. Patients with dissociative disorder were younger and average duration of their remission periods was shorter. Dissociative patients tended to use more than one substance whereas drugs were used more frequently than alcohol in this group. The frequency of borderline personality disorder, somatization disorder, history of suicide attempt, and childhood abuse and neglect in this qroup was more than that in the non-dissociative group. Suicide attempt, female gender, and childhood emotional abuse were significant predictors of a dissociative disorder diagnosis. Significantly more patients with dissociative disorder stopped their treatment prematurely. These findings suggest that dissociative disorder comorbidity is not a phenomenon limited to a cross-sectional observation and to a crisis period, but it is involved in all phases of substance dependency and it may have tremendous impact on the course and treatment outcome of the process.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Jelti, A., F. Kennab, F. N’Sabi, B. Oneib, and F. Elghazouani. "Psychiatric comorbidity among patients attending an addiction treatment center in Morocco." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2157.

Full text
Abstract:
Introduction The comorbidity between psychiatric disorders and substance use disorders is more and more common in daily clinical practice. However, only few studies have adressed this subject in north african patients. Objectives The main objective of our study was the estimation of the prevalence and patterns of psychiatric co-morbidities in substance users seeking care. Methods Our work consisted of a cross-sectional study of a sample of patients attending outpatient substance use treatment at the addiction center in Oujda, Morocco. A hetero-questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and patient history, DSM-IV criteria to assess substance abuse and dependence, and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview [MINI] to assess psychiatric comorbidities. Results Our study involved 100 patients, with a male predominance (89% of users). The main substances used in the last 12 months were tobacco (78%), followed by cannabis (74%), alcohol (50%), and benzodiazepines (44%). Psychiatric comorbidity was identified in 71% of the users, 51% of whom had a depressive disorder, 35% an anxiety disorder and 10% a gambling disorder. The dependence on the substance that initially motivated the consultation was higher in patients with psychiatric comorbidity (p=0.033). The post-traumatic stress disorder was significantly associated with the presence of alcohol dependence (p=0.028). The presence of benzodiazepine dependence (p=0.025) and abuse of cocaine (p=0.028) and Ecstasy (p=0.000) were significantly associated with suicide risk. Conclusions Our study found a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities among substance users seeking treatment, this should prompt clinicians to pay particular attention to this issue in order to adapt and improve their management. Disclosure No significant relationships.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

PLATT, JEROME J., MINDY WIDMAN, VICTOR LIDZ, DAVID RUBENSTEIN, and ROBERT THOMPSON. "The Case for Support Services in Substance Abuse Treatment." American Behavioral Scientist 41, no. 8 (May 1998): 1050–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764298041008003.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Amaro, Hortensia, Rita Nieves, Sergut Wolde Johannes, and Nirzka M. Labault Cabeza. "Substance Abuse Treatment: Critical Issues and Challenges in the Treatment of Latina Women." Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 21, no. 3 (August 1999): 266–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739986399213005.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Santos, Mariana, Diego Travi, Camila Ribeiro, Thiago Pianca, Indara Saccilotto, Lúcia Silla, and Paulo Picon. "PP013 Pain Management And Substance Abuse In Sickle Cell Disease Patients." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317002057.

Full text
Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Drug abuse is a social and public health problem because of its negative consequences of emotional and physical development in individuals. There are few studies evaluating substance abuse by individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD). These patients have severe and recurrent pain crises (1), frequently needing opioids to control it (2). The compromised quality of life can predispose this population to the occurrence of non-psychotic disorders such as depression, making them vulnerable to substance abuse (3).METHODS:We evaluated the consumption of alcohol and drugs in a cohort followed at the Sickle Cell Disease Reference Center (CRAF), at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, estimating the percentage of patients in treatment of SCD who abuse alcohol and drugs, mainly opioids. A cross-sectional study was of a convenience sample of 139 patients with SCD treated at CRAF. The pattern of substance use was evaluated using the Brazilian version of Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). The exposure to opioids was measured by their use and prescription in the 24 months before the interview. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to estimate the occurrence of non-psychotic disorders in this population. Descriptive analyses were performed using absolute and relative frequencies. The association between the variables was verified using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.RESULTS:The prevalence of abusive use was 1.5 percent for alcohol and 3.0 percent for tobacco, with no abusive use of any other substance including opioids was identified. Of note was the pattern for substance use that was not influenced by exposure to substances or the presence of non-psychotic disorders.CONCLUSIONS:Our data shows that use of opioid analgesics for the management of SCD painful crises is safe and does not induce substance abuse. Regular follow-up of these patients is recommended. The results of this study might be useful in other countries.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Camargo-Júnior, Elton Brás, Maria Neyrian de Fátima Fernandes, and Edilaine Cristina da Silva Gherardi-Donato. "Echoes of early-life stress on suicidal behavior in individuals with substance use disorder." Enfermería Actual en Costa Rica, no. 44 (January 2, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/enferm.actual.cr.i44.48972.

Full text
Abstract:
Introduction: Psychoactive substances abuse is considered a problematic social factor due its likelihood to cause harmful, self-destructive behaviors to the subjects and the overall society. Stress in an individual's early life may also be a contributing factor to substance abuse as well as suicide attempts. There is a lack of studies examining these factors in people with substance-use disorder. Aim: to identify the relationship between early-life stress and suicide attempts in drug-dependent adults. Methods: This is a predictive correlational study with a cross-sectional approach. The convenience sample consisted of 105 individuals treated at an outpatient unit for addiction treatment. The participants were assessed using the Mini-international Neuropsychiatric Interview, a Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to measure the severity of the different types of early life stress; the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation was also used. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The analyzed sample included 33 (31.4%) individuals who attempted suicide and were significantly more likely to suffer from emotional, physical, or sexual abuse than those who had never attempted suicide (p <0,05). Conclusions: Different forms of early-life stress are related to attempted suicide in people with substance-use disorder. Further studies are needed to understand the effects of early-life stress on suicide attempts in drug-dependent people.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

BAKER, PHYLLIS L., and AMY CARSON. "“I TAKE CARE OF MY KIDS”." Gender & Society 13, no. 3 (June 1999): 347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124399013003005.

Full text
Abstract:
This article examines 17 substance-abusing women's perceptions of their mothering practices in the context of a residential substance-abuse treatment program for women with children and pregnant women. Using in-depth semistructured interviews and observations of treatment groups, the participants' cultural knowledge about mothering is explored. Although the women in this study described how their substance-abusing lifestyle had a negative impact on their children, they also detailed practices that illustrated that they felt capable as parents. The women were silent about how race, gender, or class arrangements affected their lives; their stories, however, showed active avoidance and manipulation of the contemporary ideology of mothering.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Bøhle, Kari, Eli Otterholt, and Stål Bjørkly. "Protective Factors Against Psychological Distress Among Inpatients in Substance Use Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study." Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 15 (January 2021): 117822182110608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11782218211060848.

Full text
Abstract:
Several studies have found co-occurrence between substance abuse and mental health problems, as well as an association between treatment retention and psychological distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of possible protective factors with psychological distress. The present study tested physical activity, self-esteem and sense of coherence, and psychological distress level among inpatients in substance use treatment. The study design was cross-sectional and multicenter. Patients (N = 167) were recruited in 2018 from 10 Norwegian inpatient facilities. They self-reported on 3 validated measurement instruments: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Scale, and frequency of physical activity. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 was used as an outcome variable of psychological distress. The associations were investigated with multiple linear and logistic regression methods. The results suggested that high self-esteem and sense of coherence were protective factors against high levels of psychological distress: self-esteem (β = −.39, P < .001) and sense of coherence (β = −.352, P < .001). The results offer support for a salutogenic approach in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment by enhancing individuals’ protective factors to reduce psychological distress.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Cummings, Nicholas A. "Inpatient versus outpatient treatment of substance abuse: Recent developments in the controversy." Contemporary Family Therapy 13, no. 5 (October 1991): 507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00890501.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Substance abuse – Treatment – Cross-cultural studies"

1

Polaha, J. P., and Robert P. Public Health Pack. "Substance Use Disorder in Appalachia: Challenges for Cultural Competency." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1341.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Pack, Robert P., and Samantha A. Mathis. "Substance Use Disorder in Central Appalachia: Challenges for Cultural Competency." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1344.

Full text
Abstract:
Dr. Robert Pack is Professor of Community and Behavioral Health, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs in the College of Public Health at East Tennessee State University, and Director of the new ETSU Center for Prescription Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment. The Center grew out of a university and community collaborative that was started in 2012 to address the regional problem of prescription opioid abuse. At least five funded projects and dozens of other academic products have grown out of the Working Group. Dr. Pack is currently PI of the NIH/NIDA-funded Diversity Promoting Institutions Drug Abuse Research Program at ETSU, the research component of which is the five-year set of three studies titled Inter-professional Communication to Prevent Prescription Drug Abuse and Misuse. He was trained in health education/health promotion at the UAB Royals School of Public Health and is experienced in designing, running and disseminating theory-based intervention studies. In 2014, he was trained at the NIH-funded Training Institute for Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health (TIDIRH, Boston, 2014).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Ferris, Rosemary Jane. "A comparison study: Self-report of verbal abuse and dependent/insecure personality traits by particpants [sic] in court mandated domestic violence treatment." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1910.

Full text
Abstract:
This project examined existing data that measured whether men who completed court-mandated group treatment for domestic violence have lower measures of non-physical violence and dependent/insecure personality traits than their still enrolled counterparts. The data review used two anonymous self-report instruments: The Non-Physical Abuse of Partner Scale (NPAPS) and The Dependency and Insecurity in Romantic Love Scale (DIRLS).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Muchiri, Beatrice Wamuyu. "Family management, relations risk and protective factors for adolescent substance abuse in South Africa." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20094.

Full text
Abstract:
Text in English
An increasingly recognised prevention approach for substance use entails reduction in risk factors and enhancement of promotive or protective factors in individuals and the environment surrounding them during their growth and development. However, in order to enhance the effectiveness of this approach, continuous study of risk aspects targeting different cultures, social groups and mixture of society has been recommended. This study evaluated the impact of potential risk and protective factors associated with family management and relations on adolescent substance abuse in South Africa. Exploratory analysis and cumulative odds ordinal logistic regression modelling was performed on the data while controlling for demographic and socio-economic characteristics on adolescent substance use. The most intensely used substances were tobacco, cannabis, cocaine, heroin and alcohol in decreasing order of use intensity. The specific protective or risk impact of family management or relations factors varied from substance to substance. Risk factors associated with demographic and socio-economic factors included being male, younger age, being in lower education grades, coloured ethnicity, adolescents from divorced parents and unemployed or fully employed mothers. Significant family relations risk and protective factors against substance use were classified as either family functioning and conflict or family bonding and support. Several family management factors, categorised as parental monitoring, discipline, behavioural control and rewards, demonstrated either risk or protective effect on adolescent substance use. Some factors had either interactive risk or protective impact on substance use or lost significance when analysed jointly with other factors such as controlled variables. Interaction amongst risk or protective factors as well as the type of substance should be considered when further considering interventions based on these risk or protective factors. Studies in other geographical regions, institutions and with better gender balance are recommended to improve upon the representativeness of the results. Several other considerations to be made when formulating interventions, the shortcomings of this study and possible improvements as well as future studies are also suggested.
Psychology
M. A. (Psychology)
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Books on the topic "Substance abuse – Treatment – Cross-cultural studies"

1

Anthropology of Addictions and Recovery. Long Grove, Ill: Waveland Press, 2012.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

1942-, Grossman Michael, and Hsieh Chee-Ruey, eds. Economic analysis of substance use and abuse: The experience of developed countries and lessons for developing countries. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2001.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Richard, Isralowitz, Alafifi Mohammed, and Rawson Richard A, eds. Drug problems: Cross-cultural policy and program development. Westport, CT: Auburn House, 2002.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Ann, Krestan Jo, ed. Bridges to recovery: Addiction, family therapy, and multicultural treatment. New York: Free Press, 2000.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Governor's Multicultural Conference on Substance Abuse (3rd 1992 Wichita, Kansas?). Multiculturalism in alcohol and other drug abuse services: Proceedings of the 1992 Governor's Multicultural Conference on Substance Abuse. Lawrence, Kan: Institute for Black Leadership Development and Research, University of Kansas, 1993.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Isāʼat al-wālidayn ilá al-abnāʼ wa-fāʻilīyat barnāmaj irshādī li-ʻilājihā. al-Dawḥah: Wazārat al-Thaqāfah wa-al-Funūn wa-al-Turāth, Idārat al-Buḥūth wa-al-Dirāsāt al-Thaqāfīyah, 2010.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Expósito, Marisa. Campañas de marketing social en drogodependencias: Experiencias extranjeras. Vitoria-Gasteiz: Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Aronson, Fontes Lisa, ed. Sexual abuse in nine North American cultures: Treatment and prevention. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Drug use around the world. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1988.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

V, Zhablenski Asen, World Health Organization, and United States. Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration., eds. Mental disorders, alcohol- and drug-related problems: International perspectives on their diagnosis and classification : reports and recommendations of the International Conference on Diagnosis and Classification of Mental Disorders and Alcohol- and Drug-Related Problems, held at the WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, 13-17 April 1982. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1985.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Substance abuse – Treatment – Cross-cultural studies"

1

Zaim Gokbay, Inci, Yasemin Oyaci, and Sacide Pehlivan. "The Analysis on the Effects of COMT, DRD2, PER3, eNOS, NR3C1 Functional Gene Variants and Methylation Differences on Behavoiral Inclinations in Addicts through the Decision Tree Algorythm." In Numerical Simulation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106313.

Full text
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), Dopamine Receptor D2 (DRD2), Period Circadian Regulator 3 (PER3), Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthetase (eNOS), Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 3 Group C Member 1 (NR3C1) functional gene variants on possible inclinations of the individuals with Substance Use Disorder (SUD) by using decision trees algorithm and to evaluate the similarities with former studies. The decision trees classification was structured by confirming the effects of genetic and epigenetic sequences of gene variants through 10-fold cross-validation under subtitles of the criminal history, continuum of substance use, former polysubstance abuse, attempted suicide, and inpatient treatment. Performance criteria were evaluated with the similarities of former studies’ accuracy, sensitivity, and precision values. The branching structure of gene variants obtained by tree classification is consistent with the studies in the literature. Our study serves to be the first to show that there is a need for further comprehensive studies with data from different ethnic groups to increase the predictive accuracy rates and to state that machine learning may guide in predicting the effect of gene variants on behavior in the future.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

el-Guebaly, Nady. "Cross-Cultural Aspects of Addiction Therapy." In Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Substance Abuse. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9781615371297.mg03.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

el-Guebaly, Nady. "Cross-Cultural Aspects of Addiction." In The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Substance Abuse Treatment. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9781615370030.mg04.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Eduarda Serafim Crispim, Maria, Gabriela Trigueiro Lopes Ramalho, Flaviana Ribeiro Coutinho de Mendonça Furtado, Beatriz Ribeiro Coutinho de Mendonça Furtado, Gabriela Braga Santos, and Raoany Pontes Guerra. "PRIMARY CARE AS A TOOL TO FIGHT VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN: AN INTERNATIONAL APPROACH." In Estudos Interdisciplinares em Ciências da Saúde, 142–46. Editora Acadêmica Periodicojs, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51249/easn05.2022.840.

Full text
Abstract:
Introduction: Domestic violence against women is recognized as a global public health problem, requiring strategic direction. The WHO in its global plan to address interpersonal violence stated that there are four strategic directions: strengthening health system governance, strengthening health service delivery and professional response capacity, strengthening program prevention, and improving information and evidence. The most mental health sequelae for female victims are depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use. The role of primary care varies, starting with preventing, identifying and evaluating women, being a longitudinal care, as it is common for aggression to be repeated. The aim of this study is to assess how different countries deal with violence against women, and thus, indicate effective forms of intervention. Methodology: This is a literature review study, with a qualitative approach. A search was carried out in the PubMed database with the descriptors “Domestic and Sexual Violence against Women” and “primary care” between the years 2003 to 2020. After eligibility criteria, eleven articles were selected, all in English. Results: Studies from different countries were found. Each country with a cut of the theme related to cultural disparities. So in India it was discussed how loveless marriages arranged by families can be related to domestic violence. In Canada, there is a study of ways to approach women victims of intimate partner violence. Some people argued that health professionals should ask women about domestic violence. They argue that ‘screening’ can encourage revealing abuse or acknowledging their own experience as violence. Others argue that such screening should be targeted at high-risk groups. Studies have suggested that women have a preference for screening methods that do not involve health professionals, given the sensitive nature of domestic violence. Personalized online interactions are currently being studied to help women in situations of violence. These can improve access to information and support for safety and well-being planning, particularly for women who are reluctant. Conclusion: It is necessary to train professionals to identify and approach violence against women, in addition, it is necessary to formulate well-defined public policies that guarantee comprehensive care. Increasing screening sensitivity, appropriate treatment for physical and psychological sequelae.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Kleinman, Arthur. "Social and cultural anthropology: salience for psychiatry." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 275–79. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0036.

Full text
Abstract:
Anthropology's chief contribution to psychiatry is to emphasize the importance of the social world in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, and to provide concepts and methods that psychiatrists can apply (the appropriate cross-disciplinary translation first being made, however). But that is not the only contribution that anthropology offers. Ethnographers are aware that knowledge is positioned, facts and values are inseparable, and experience is simply too complex and robust to be easily boxed into tight analytical categories. Hence a sense of the fallibility of understanding, the limitation of practice, and irony and paradox in human conditions is the consequence of ethnography as a method of knowledge production. Anthropology also complements the idea of psychosomatic relationships with evidence and theorizing about sociosomatic relationships. Here moral processes—namely what is at stake in local worlds—are shown to be closely linked with emotional processes, which are frequently about experiences of loss, fear, vexation, and betrayal of what is collectively and individually at stake in interpersonal relationships. Change in the former can change the latter, and this can at times work in reverse as well. Examples include the way symptoms intensify or even arise in response to fear and vexation concerning threats perceived as serious dangers to what is most at stake. The relationship of poverty to morbidity and mortality is a different example of sociosomatic processes. Poverty correlates with increased morbidity and mortality. Psychiatrists have often had trouble getting the point that public health and infectious disease experts have long understood. But it is not just diarrhoeal disease, tuberculosis, AIDS, heart disease, and cancer that demonstrate this powerful social epidemiological correlation—so do psychiatric conditions. Depression, substance abuse, violence, and their traumatic consequences not only occur at higher rates in the poorest local worlds, but also cluster together (much as do infectious diseases), and those vicious clusters define a local place, usually a disintegrating inner-city community. Hence the findings of the National Co-Morbidity Study in the United States of America that most psychiatric conditions occur as comorbidity is a step toward this ethnographic knowledge—that in the most vulnerable, dangerous, and broken local worlds, psychiatric diseases are not encountered as separate problems but as part of these sociosomatic clusters. Finally, anthropology is also salient for policy and programme development in psychiatry. Against an overly narrow neurobiological framing of psychiatric conditions as brain disorders, anthropology in psychiatry draws on cross-national, cross-ethnic, and disintegrating community data to emphasize the relationship of increasing rates of mental health problems, especially among underserved, impoverished populations worldwide, and increasing problems in the organization and delivery of mental health services to fundamental transformations in political economy, institutions, and culture that are remaking our epoch. In so doing, anthropology projects a vision of psychiatry as a discipline central to social welfare and health policy. It argues as well against the profession's ethnocentrism and for the field as a larger component of international health. Anthropology (together with economics, sociology, and political science) also provides the tools for psychiatry to develop policies and programmes that address the close ties between social conditions and mental health conditions, and social policies and mental health policies. In this sense, anthropology urges psychiatry in a global direction, one in which psychiatric knowledge and practice, once altered to fit in more culturally salient ways in local worlds around the globe, have a more important place at the policy table.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography