Relevant bibliographies by topics / Subordination

Academic literature on the topic 'Subordination'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Subordination"

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Buchmann, Boris, and Kevin W. Lu. "Necessity of weak subordination for some strongly subordinated Lévy processes." Journal of Applied Probability 58, no. 4 (November 22, 2021): 868–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpr.2021.17.

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AbstractConsider the strong subordination of a multivariate Lévy process with a multivariate subordinator. If the subordinate is a stack of independent Lévy processes and the components of the subordinator are indistinguishable within each stack, then strong subordination produces a Lévy process; otherwise it may not. Weak subordination was introduced to extend strong subordination, always producing a Lévy process even when strong subordination does not. Here we prove that strong and weak subordination are equal in law under the aforementioned condition. In addition, we prove that if strong subordination is a Lévy process then it is necessarily equal in law to weak subordination in two cases: firstly when the subordinator is deterministic, and secondly when it is pure-jump with finite activity.
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Oros, Georgia Irina, Gheorghe Oros, and Lavinia Florina Preluca. "Third-Order Differential Subordinations Using Fractional Integral of Gaussian Hypergeometric Function." Axioms 12, no. 2 (January 28, 2023): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12020133.

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Sanford S. Miller and Petru T. Mocanu’s theory of second-order differential subordinations was extended for the case of third-order differential subordinations by José A. Antonino and Sanford S. Miller in 2011. In this paper, new results are proved regarding third-order differential subordinations that extend the ones involving the classical second-order differential subordination theory. A method for finding a dominant of a third-order differential subordination is provided when the behavior of the function is not known on the boundary of the unit disc. Additionally, a new method for obtaining the best dominant of a third-order differential subordination is presented. This newly proposed method essentially consists of finding the univalent solution for the differential equation that corresponds to the differential subordination considered in the investigation; previous results involving third-order differential subordinations have been obtained mainly by investigating specific classes of admissible functions. The fractional integral of the Gaussian hypergeometric function, previously associated with the theory of fuzzy differential subordination, is used in this paper to obtain an interesting third-order differential subordination by involving a specific convex function. The best dominant is also provided, and the example presented proves the importance of the theoretical results involving the fractional integral of the Gaussian hypergeometric function.
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Anand, Swati, V. Ravichandran, and Sushil Kumar. "Differential subordination for Janowski functions with positive real part." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Matematica 66, no. 3 (September 28, 2021): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbmath.2021.3.04.

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"Theory of differential subordination provides techniques to reduce differential subordination problems into verifying some simple algebraic condition called admissibility condition.We exploit the first order differential subordination theory to get several sufficient conditions for function satisfying several differential subordinations to be a Janowski function with positive real part. As applications, we obtain suffcient conditions for normalized analytic functions to be Janowski starlike functions."
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Oros, Georgia Irina, and Simona Dzitac. "Applications of Subordination Chains and Fractional Integral in Fuzzy Differential Subordinations." Mathematics 10, no. 10 (May 15, 2022): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10101690.

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Fuzzy differential subordination theory represents a generalization of the classical concept of differential subordination which emerged in the recent years as a result of embedding the concept of fuzzy set into geometric function theory. The fractional integral of Gaussian hypergeometric function is defined in this paper and using properties of the subordination chains, new fuzzy differential subordinations are obtained. Dominants of the fuzzy differential subordinations are given and using particular functions as such dominants, interesting geometric properties interpreted as inclusion relations of certain subsets of the complex plane are presented in the corollaries of the original theorems stated. An example is constructed as an application of the newly proved results.
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Dobosz, Anna, Piotr Jastrzębski, and Adam Lecko. "On Certain Differential Subordination of Harmonic Mean Related to a Linear Function." Symmetry 13, no. 6 (May 29, 2021): 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13060966.

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In this paper we study a certain differential subordination related to the harmonic mean and its symmetry properties, in the case where a dominant is a linear function. In addition to the known general results for the differential subordinations of the harmonic mean in which the dominant was any convex function, one can study such differential subordinations for the selected convex function. In this case, a reasonable and difficult issue is to look for the best dominant or one that is close to it. This paper is devoted to this issue, in which the dominant is a linear function, and the differential subordination of the harmonic mean is a generalization of the Briot–Bouquet differential subordination.
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Oros, Georgia Irina, Gheorghe Oros, and Lavinia Florina Preluca. "New Applications of Gaussian Hypergeometric Function for Developments on Third-Order Differential Subordinations." Symmetry 15, no. 7 (June 25, 2023): 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15071306.

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The main objective of this paper is to present classical second-order differential subordination knowledge extended in this study to include new results regarding third-order differential subordinations. The focus of this study is on the main problems examined by differential subordination theory. Hence, the new results obtained here reveal techniques for identifying dominants and the best dominant of certain third-order differential subordinations. Another aspect of novelty is the new application of the Gaussian hypergeometric function. Novel third-order differential subordination results are obtained using the best dominant provided by the theorems and the operator previously defined as Gaussian hypergeometric function’s fractional integral. The research investigation is concluded by giving an example of how the results can be implemented.
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Alb Lupaş, Alina. "Fuzzy Differential Subordination and Superordination Results for Fractional Integral Associated with Dziok-Srivastava Operator." Mathematics 11, no. 14 (July 15, 2023): 3129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11143129.

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Fuzzy set theory, introduced by Zadeh, gives an adaptable and logical solution to the provocation of introducing, evaluating, and opposing numerous sustainability scenarios. The results described in this article use the fuzzy set concept embedded into the theories of differential subordination and superordination from the geometric function theory. In 2011, fuzzy differential subordination was defined as an extension of the classical notion of differential subordination, and in 2017, the dual concept of fuzzy differential superordination appeared. These dual notions are applied in this paper regarding the fractional integral applied to Dziok–Srivastava operator. New fuzzy differential subordinations are proved using known lemmas, and the fuzzy best dominants are established for the obtained fuzzy differential subordinations. Dual results regarding fuzzy differential superordinations are proved for which the fuzzy best subordinates are shown. These are the first results that link the fractional integral applied to Dziok–Srivastava operator to fuzzy theory.
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Ali, Ekram E., Miguel Vivas-Cortez, Rabha M. El-Ashwah, and Abeer M. Albalahi. "Fuzzy Subordination Results for Meromorphic Functions Connected with a Linear Operator." Fractal and Fractional 8, no. 6 (May 23, 2024): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8060308.

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The concept of subordination is expanded in this study from the fuzzy sets theory to the geometry theory of analytic functions with a single complex variable. This work aims to clarify fuzzy subordination as a notion and demonstrate its primary attributes. With this work’s assistance, new fuzzy differential subordinations will be presented. The first theorems lead to intriguing corollaries for specific aspects chosen to exhibit fuzzy best dominance. The work introduces a new integral operator for meromorphic functions and uses the newly developed integral operator, which is starlike and convex, respectively, to obtain conclusions on fuzzy differential subordination.
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Amini, Ebrahim, Wael Salameh, Shrideh Al-Omari, and Hamzeh Zureigat. "Results for Analytic Function Associated with Briot–Bouquet Differential Subordinations and Linear Fractional Integral Operators." Symmetry 16, no. 6 (June 7, 2024): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16060711.

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In this paper, we present a new class of linear fractional differential operators that are based on classical Gaussian hypergeometric functions. Then, we utilize the new operators and the concept of differential subordination to construct a convex set of analytic functions. Moreover, through an examination of a certain operator, we establish several notable results related to differential subordination. In addition, we derive inclusion relation results by employing Briot–Bouquet differential subordinations. We also introduce a perspective study for developing subordination results using Gaussian hypergeometric functions and provide certain properties for further research in complex dynamical systems.
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Acu, Mugur, Gheorghe Oros, and Ancuța Maria Rus. "Fractional Integral of the Confluent Hypergeometric Function Related to Fuzzy Differential Subordination Theory." Fractal and Fractional 6, no. 8 (July 27, 2022): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract6080413.

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The fuzzy differential subordination concept was introduced in 2011, generalizing the concept of differential subordination following a recent trend of adapting fuzzy sets theory to other already-established theories. A prolific tool in obtaining new results related to operators is the fractional integral applied to different functions. The fractional integral of the confluent hypergeometric function was previously investigated using means of the classical theory of subordination. In this paper, we give new applications of this function using the theory of fuzzy differential subordination. Fuzzy differential subordinations are established and their best dominants are also provided. Corollaries are written using particular functions, in which the conditions for the univalence of the fractional integral of the confluent hypergeometric function are given. An example is constructed as a specific application of the results obtained in this paper.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Subordination"

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Bali, Mehdi. "La subordination financière." Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090065.

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La subordination financière est l’établissement d’une hiérarchie entre créanciers. Avant une procédure de répartition, cet ordre entre créances est mis en place à l’aide d’échéances différentes et de stipulations particulières (blocage des paiements). Après les répartitions, ce classement peut être créé par la suppression de l’égalité entre créanciers. Celle-ci est tantôt légale (droit de préférence), tantôt volontaire (déclassement) et s’assimile dans ce cas à une renonciation. Au terme de cette hiérarchie, certains créanciers seront payés en dernier, les créanciers résiduels. Le financement des sociétés est décrit par la distinction entre les associés et les créanciers. Devant la faiblesse de cette division, la doctrine a proposé les fonds propres. Ce concept est redéfini en mettant l’accent sur la subordination, qui fait clairement apparaître la qualité de créancier résiduel de l’associé. Il conduit à une nouvelle lecture du financement de la société, qui est transdisciplinaire
Financial subordination establishes a hierarchy between creditors. This degree is implemented through the legal or intentional suppression of creditors’ right to equal distributions in the bankruptcy proceedings. When it is a priority claim, this loss is imposed on creditors by law. When it is a subordinated claim, creditors accept to waive their right to equal distributions. In both cases, some creditors will be paid only after the full payment of others. Those are called residual creditors.Corporation financing is based upon a division between owner and lender. Traditionally, the former puts money into the business through legal capital while the latter grants loans. As this view no longer depicts the reality of corporation financing, the French jurisprudence tried to replace it with the concept of equity, which is broader than the legal capital. In this work, equity is redefined in setting in its core financial subordination, which clearly shows why a shareholder is a residual claimant. This new definition of equity, which is shared by other disciplines outside law gives a different approach to the financing of companies under French law
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Houssin, Mathias. "La subordination de créance : analyse de la subordination à l'épreuve de la procédure collective." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D033.

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La subordination de créance est l’opération par laquelle un créancier, junior, accepte de n’être payé qu’après l’extinction de la dette d’un autre créancier, senior. L’efficacité du mécanisme dans la procédure collective dépend de l’analyse retenue. Il est possible de considérer que la subordination modifie la créance du junior sur le débiteur, ou bien qu’elle ne l’affecte qu’indirectement. A l’examen, il apparaît que l’effet de la subordination sur une créance n’est qu’exogène et ne consiste que dans l’adjonction d’obligations personnelles à la charge du junior envers le senior : la subordination n’affecte pas le droit au paiement, mais seulement sa priorité. Il en résulte un déséquilibre dans la consultation des créanciers, un euro de créance junior conférant le même droit de vote qu’un euro de créance senior : tant qu’une réforme des comités de créanciers n’est pas réalisée, le maintien de la subordination est assuré par une convention de vote entre créanciers, dans des limites qu’impose le maintien de la créance junior. Du point de vue du débiteur, la subordination ne crée pas non plus une modalité de son obligation, mais de paiement, de sorte qu’en principe, et sauf accord des créanciers, la clause d’ordre des paiements impose le respect d’une règle de la priorité absolue, puisque cela ne rompt pas l’égalité entre les créanciers. Certaines dérogations peuvent être admises en cas de conflit entre créanciers, en vue de favoriser le sauvetage du débiteur, lorsqu’elles respectent la structure de la subordination. L’effet exogène se retrouve dans l’absence de modification du rang même de la créance, et explique qu’un liquidateur judiciaire ne puisse, de lege lata, appliquer la subordination dans la répartition de l’actif, alors que la violation de la priorité conventionnelle dans le plan laisse peu de recours au senior. Globalement, l’efficacité de la subordination de créance est incertaine en raison de l’effet exogène de la subordination sur la créance, ce qui nécessite, tant dans les consultations des créanciers, que dans l’élaboration du plan et dans les répartitions de la liquidation, qu’il soit fait une place, dans la loi, pour la subordination de créance
Debt subordination is the operation whereby a junior creditor agrees to be paid only once the senior creditor has been fully paid. The efficiency of the mechanism in bankruptcy depends on the chosen analysis. It is possible to consider that it changes the claim itself, or that it affects it indirectly. Our research shows that subordination affects a claim exogenously as it is built on the addition of personal liens impending on the junior vis-à-vis the senior creditor: subordination does not alter the right to payment but only its priority. Hence, an imbalance appears in the solicitation of creditors, since one euro of junior debt confers the same voting rights as one euro of senior debt: until a reform of the system of creditors committees, the survival of the subordination will only be made possible by voting agreement between creditors when these maintain the junior claim. From the debtor’s perspective, subordination does not modify the structure of a debt, but only changes the rules of payment. Unless an agreement is found between creditors, the waterfall payment should therefore force the respect of the absolute priority rule in the plan, because it does not violate any rule of equality between creditors. Exceptions should be accommodated in case of conflict between creditors, in order to optimize the rescue of the debtor, but still in respect of the structure of subordination. The indirect alteration of the junior claim accounts for the neutrality of subordination on the ranking itself of the claim, and explains that the liquidator cannot, de lege lata, apply the subordination agreement in the distribution of the assets, while the inapplication of the mechanism in the plan will offer little defense for the senior. Overall, the efficiency of debt subordination is uncertain because the mechanism affects a claim exogenously: this requires, upon solicitating the creditors, but also during the elaboration of the plan and in the distribution of the assets, that subordination passes into law in order to give effect to the mechanism
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Gusmão, Xerxes. "Salariat et subordination : étude historique." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010309.

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Dès les débuts de la Grèce ancienne, une main-d'oeuvre complémentaire vend sa force de travail contre un salaire, dans une relation encadrée par un contrat de louage de services, le même qui encadre un salariat toujours marginal dans la Rome antique. Le développement du travail salarié à partir du moyen âge est lié à la consolidation progressive des corporations, bien qu'il garde une place secondaire. Le contrat qui l'encadre reste le louage de services. Il faut attendre la révolution industrielle pour que le travail salarié devienne enfin majoritaire et soit à la base du processus de production du XIXème siècle, malgré la lente évolution de la réglementation du louage de services. Le XXème siècle est une période de fort contrastes où la métamorphose générale du salariat indique une transition et le passage d'un statut relativement protégé à une sorte de remise en cause. Le XXIème siècle s'ouvre plein d'incertitudes sur l'avenir du travail salarié.
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Collet-Thiry, Nicolas. "L'encadrement contractuel de la subordination." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020012/document.

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Le contrat de travail fonde la relation de travail et institue le rapport de subordination qui se concrétise par la concession d’un pouvoir à l’employeur. C’est donc aux parties qu’il revient de définir l’étendue, le domaine et les limites du pouvoir patronal. Le salarié ne consent qu’à une subordination strictement définie et encadrée par le contrat. Une analyse objective de la volonté implicite des contractants, au regard de leurs attentes légitimes et de la finalité du pouvoir institué, et à la lumière des exigences du droit commun des contrats (notamment l’exigence de détermination de l’objet des obligations) et des droits fondamentaux (en premier lieu le droit à la protection de la santé) permet d’identifier leurs droits et obligations réciproques : quelles sont les prérogatives que l’employeur est habilité à exercer ? Quelles sont les données du rapport d’emploi qui ne peuvent être remises en cause unilatéralement ? Par ailleurs, le salarié tire du contrat plusieurs pouvoirs d’initiative (exception d’inexécution, prise d’acte) lui permettant de réagir à un manquement de l’employeur. Ceux-ci concourent à l’effectivité des prévisions contractuelles et témoignent d’une réhabilitation du salarié en tant que contractant : contractant subordonné, certes, mais contractant à part entière avant tout
The employment agreement establishes the work relationship and institutes the relation of subordination which is reflected by a grant of power to the employer. It is thus up to the parties to define the extent, scope and limits of the employer’s authority. The employee only consents to a subordination strictly defined and controlled by the contract. An objective analysis of the implicit will of the contracting parties, with regard to their legitimate expectations and the finality of the authority instituted, and in light of requirements of contract law (notably the requirement to determine the object of obligations) and fundamental rights (primarily the right to health protection) enables to identify their mutual rights and obligations: which prerogatives the employer is entitled to exercise ? Which elements of the employment relationship cannot be altered unilaterally ? Besides, there are several powers of initiatives which the employee derives from the contract (exception of non-performance, constructive dismissal) allowing the employee to react to a breach by the employer. These contribute to the effectiveness of the contractual provisions and reflect a reinstatement of the employee as contractor : a subordinate contracting party, certainly, but a contracting party in its own right first and foremost
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Zitterbart, Jussara Paranhos. "Zur korrelativen Subordination im Deutschen /." Tübingen : M. Niemeyer, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399184639.

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Taguchi-Kusakabe, Noriko. "La subordination complétive dans le discours." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040011.

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Un des moyens d'assurer la cohérence d'un texte est de garder le même thème qui se définit comme 'ce dont on parle'. Ce thème est normalement représenté par le pronom 'il'. Par contre, les pronoms 'je', 'nous', 'tu', 'vous' et 'on' sont le plus souvent thématiquement transparents : à savoir ils peuvent coexister avec le thème (représenté par 'il', 'le' ou 'lui') dans un même énoncé sans influencer le fil thématique. Ce phénomène s'explique d'une façon adéquate par la distinction de deux types de langage : l'un est le langage de spectateurs qui décrit principalement l'évaluation des énonciateurs de ce dont ils parlent, l'autre est le langage de narration qui sert à raconter objectivement ce qui se passe. Dans la structure discursive du langage définie comme telle, la subordination complétive assure une fonction particulière. La phrase à complétive appartient, dans le grand nombre de ses occurrences, au langage de spectateurs. La principale sert à indiquer la nature de l'énonciation de la complétive, plutôt que d'être elle-même l'objet de l'énonciation. Les verbes factifs qui ont la particularité de présupposer la vérité de la complétive constituent un cas spécial de phrases à complétive. Ils assurent la fonction particulière d'imposer la revendication de la vérité de la complétive sans avoir l'air de l'asserter. Cette dissimulation de la revendication a des effets variés dans le discours selon le sémantisme et le sujet grammatical du verbe factif
One of the means of assuring the coherence of a text is to keep the same topic. The topic, defined as'a subject about which the discourse is going on', normally is represented by the pronoun 'il'. On the other hand, the pronouns 'je', 'nous', 'tu', 'vous' and 'on' are generally transparent on the topical point of view : that is to say, they can co-occur with the topic (represented by 'il', 'le' or 'lui') in the same sentence without disturbing the topical thread. This phenomenon can be adequately illustrated by the distinction of two types of language: one is the language of spectators, which describes mainly the speakers’ evaluation of what is going on, the other is the language of narration which reports objectively the events. In the frame of the discursive structure of language defined this way, thatclause construction assures a particular function : namely, that-clause sentences belong mostly to the language of spectators. The principal shows the nature of the predication of that-clause, rather than being itself the subject of the predication. The factive verbs which have the particularity of presupposing the truth of the object clause represent a special case of that-clause sentences. They have the function of imposing the claim of the truth of the object clause without asserting it. This dissimulation of the claim of the truth has various effects in the discourse, according to the meaning and the grammatical subject of the factive verb
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Multrier-Trébulle, Agnès. "La notion de subordination de créance." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020048.

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Lu, Peng. "La subordination adverbiale en chinois contemporain." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070079.

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Cette étude met au jour les mécanismes de la subordination adverbiale illustrée par le chinois contemporain. Elle présente tout d'abord une vue globale de la structure syntaxique de la phrase complexe de subordination adverbiale en chinois. Il est démontré que la phrase complexe se construit de la même façon que la phrase simple. La subordonnée adverbiale se comporte exactement comme un adverbial non-propositionnel dans une phrase simple. Les différentes positions linéaires des subordonnées résultent de leurs différents niveaux hiérarchiques. La proposition subordonnée se construit aussi comme une phrase simple. Il n'existe pas de règle spécifique régissant le positionnement des constituants à l'intérieur de la subordonnée. La distribution du subordonnant dépend de sa nature, adverbiale ou prépositionnelle. Au terme de ces investigations, les subordonnées adverbiales en chinois sont divisées en deux grandes catégories, selon les différentes propriétés syntaxiques manifestées par leur niveau hiérarchique, leur structure interne et la nature de leur subordonnant. Nous entreprenons, ensuite, une série d'études détaillées sur les phrases concessives, finales et conséquentielles. Nous dégageons leurs propriétés syntaxiques et sémantiques spécifiques
This research brings to light the mechanisms of adverbial subordination, as illustrated in contemporary Chinese. It presents firstly a global view of the syntactic structure in the complex sentence with adverbial clauses in Chinese. It is shown that the complex sentence is constructed in the same way as the simple sentence. The adverbial clause behaves exactly like a non-clausal adverbial in a simple sentence. The different linear positions of adverbial clauses result from their different hierarchical levels. The adverbial clause is also constructed like a simple sentence. There is no specific rule governing the position of the constituents within the adverbial clause. The distribution of the subordinator depends on its nature, adverbial or prepositional. Following these investigations, the adverbial clauses in Chinese are divided into two main categories, according to the different syntactic properties manifested through their hierarchical level, their internal structure and the nature of their subordinator. We then embark on a series of detailed analysis on sentences that are concessive, final and consequential; we uncover their syntactic and semantic properties
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Renaux-Personnic, Virginie. "L'avocat salarié : entre indépendance et subordination." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32028.

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En permettant l'exercice salarie de la profession d'avocat, la loi no90-1259 du 31. 12. 1990 conduit a une double adaptation. Ceci implique en premier lieu une adaptation de la profession d'avocat au salariat. Favorise par les concessions de la profession et du salariat, le statut salarie reste cependant reserve a ses seuls membres et la subordination limitee aux conditions de travail de l'avocat. Pourtant, la deontologie en ressort modifiee. Le principe d'egalite entre confreres est malmene d'abord par la subordination expresse d'un avocat a l'un de ses pairs. L'independance ensuite pourrait bien etre limitee en raison du concept flou de "conditions de travail" et de l'identite de competence technique de l'employeur et du salarie. Contrairement a ses confreres, l'avocat salarie n'engage pas sa responsabilite et n'est pas personnellement debiteur des cotisations professionnelles. Le lien intuitu personae avec les clients est attenue par l'interdiction pour ce dernier de developper sa clientele. Interdiction qui implique aussi une delegation des dossiers, un partage du secret professionnel et une attenuation du principe de desinteressement par l'integration des charges salariales dans l'honoraire. Une adaptation du salariat a la profession d'avocat en second lieu. La loi de 1990 integre d'abord le caractere liberal de la profession au statut de l'avocat salarie. La protection de son independance justifie le formalisme contractuel et explique la limitation des pouvoirs classiques de direction et de sanction de l'employeur. Sa qualite d'auxiliaire de justice justifie ensuite la competence juridictionnelle du batonnier. Son appartenance a la profession d'avocat explique enfin son rattachement a la caisse de vieillesse des avocats. Le perimetre des conditions de travail est egalement impregne du caractere liberal de la profession. S'il retentit sur le choix du contrat et sur son execution, il est plus incertain pour la determination des regles sur la rupture du contrat et ses suites
By allowing the salaried practice of the profession of barristers, law 90-1259 of 31. 12. 1990 leads to a twofold adaptation. First is involved of the profession of barristers to the salaried class. Although favoured by concessions of the profession and of the salaried class, wage-earning status remains reserved for the profession's own members and subordination is limited to the barrister's working conditions. Y et the deontology is modified. The principle of equality among confreres is skewed firstly by the intentional subordination of a barrister to one of his colleagues. Subsequent independence could well be limited because of the hazy concept of "labour conditions" and the similarity of technical competence of the employer and the salaried employee. Contrary to his confreres, the salaried barrister is not bound by his responsability and has not personally had the outlay of professional dues. The intuitu personae tie to clients is attenuated by the salaried barrister's being prohibited from developing his clientele. This ban also implies the delegation of cases files, the sharing of professional secrecy and the attenuation of impartiality by the inclusion working expenses into the fees. Secondly is involved the adaptation of the salaried class to the profession of barrister. The law of 1990 integrates the independent nature of the profession with the status of salaried barrister. The protection of independence justifies the contractual formality and explains the limitation of the employer's classical powers of supervision and sanction. The salaried barrister's status as representative of the law further justifies his being under the jurisdictional competence of the president of the bar. Furthemore, his membership in the profession of barristers explains his belonging to the barrister's pension fund. The domaine of labour conditions is also permeated with the independent character of the profession
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Taguchi-Kusakabe, Noriko. "La Subordination complétive dans le discours." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37610084f.

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Books on the topic "Subordination"

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Jean, Chuquet, Roulland Daniel, and Cercle Linguistique du Centre et de l'Ouest., eds. Subordination. [Rennes]: Presses Universitaires de Rennes et CERLICO, 1992.

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Cristofaro, Sonia. Subordination. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

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Boone, Annie. La subordination. Louvain-la-Neuve: Editions Duculot SA, 1994.

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Laury, Ritva, and Ryoko Suzuki, eds. Subordination in Conversation. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slsi.24.

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Moser, Peter, and Tony Varley, eds. Integration through Subordination. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.rurhe-eb.5.106191.

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Visapää, Laura, Jyrki Kalliokoski, and Helena Sorva, eds. Contexts of Subordination. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.249.

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Rampal, Rachna. Language of subordination. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1989.

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Mendus, Susan. Sexuality and Subordination. London: Taylor & Francis Inc, 2002.

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Mendus, Susan. Sexuality and Subordination. London: Taylor & Francis Group Plc, 2004.

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Dalit exclusion and subordination. Jaipur: Rawat Publications, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Subordination"

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Prüss, Jan. "Subordination." In Monographs in Mathematics, 90–121. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8570-6_4.

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Leung, Tommi Tsz-Cheung, Dimitrios Ntelitheos, and Meera Al Kaabi. "Subordination." In Basic Emirati Arabic, 136–38. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003320241-35.

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Rocha-Arteaga, Alfonso, and Ken-iti Sato. "Multivariate Subordination." In Topics in Infinitely Divisible Distributions and Lévy Processes, Revised Edition, 77–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22700-5_4.

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Butchart, Ronald E. "Normalizing Subordination." In (Re)Constructing Memory: Textbooks, Identity, Nation, and State, 73–91. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-509-8_4.

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Sendjaya, Sen. "Voluntary Subordination." In Personal and Organizational Excellence through Servant Leadership, 39–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16196-9_3.

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Barrett, Rusty, Jennifer Cramer, and Kevin B. McGowan. "Language subordination." In English with an Accent, 64–78. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003332886-4.

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Frigg, Roman. "Challenging Subordination." In Models and Theories, 363–92. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003285106-18.

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Asif, Bushra. "Sanctioning subordination?" In Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Pakistan, 289–306. New York : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315696706-19.

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Barany, Zoltan D. "Subordination (1953–68)." In Soldiers and Politics in Eastern Europe, 1945–90, 51–81. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22864-5_4.

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Seidler, Victor J. "Inequality and Subordination." In The Moral Limits of Modernity, 81–97. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21296-5_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Subordination"

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Delin, Judy, and Jon Oberlander. "Aspect-switching and subordination." In the 14th conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/992066.992113.

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Toma, Raluca Felicia. "Subordination In Biblical Paremiological Utterances." In 2nd Central and Eastern European LUMEN International Conference - Multidimensional Education and Professional Development. Ethical Values. Cognitive-crcs, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2017.07.03.93.

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Altintaş, Osman. "AN APPLICATION ON DIFFFERANTIAL SUBORDINATION." In ICMS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCE. American Institute of Physics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3525229.

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Pekelis, O. E. "Russian temporal clauses in terms of semantic-syntactic integration (a case study of a coordinating conjunction kogda ‘when’)." In Dialogue. RSUH, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2075-7182-2022-21-420-435.

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The paper argues that the Russian temporal conjunction kogda ‘when’, which is traditionally treated as subordinating, may also be coordinating. Due to a very subtle semantic difference between the coordinating and subordinating instances of kogda, it is difficult to distinguish between them using the well-known criteria of coordination and subordination. This difficulty is solved as follows: first, contexts are introduced in which the two kogda clearly differ both semantically and syntactically; then the coordinating kogda is analyzed in these contexts based on the criteria. In the syntactic literature, temporal clauses are generally assumed to be more closely integrated with the host clause than, for example, causal or concessive clauses. Given the conclusion about the existence of coordinate temporal clauses, this point of view needs reconsideration.
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Gankevich, Ivan, Yuri Tipikin, and Vladimir Gaiduchok. "Subordination: Cluster management without distributed consensus." In 2015 International Conference on High Performance Computing & Simulation (HPCS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hpcsim.2015.7237106.

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H.MAHMOOD, Zainab, Aseel A.HASSAN, and Dunia K.MAHDI. "DIFFERENTIAL SUBORDINATIONS FOR MULTIVALENT FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH GENERALIZED FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR." In V. International Scientific Congress of Pure, Applied and Technological Science. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress5-12.

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In this paper, we derive some subordination results for certain subclasses of p− valent analytic functions defined by generalized fractional differintegral operator using the principle of differential subordination, producing the best dominant univalent solutions. We have also derived inclusion relations and solved majorization problem.
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Al-Abbadi, Mamoun Harayzeh, and Maslina Darus. "Differential subordination associated with generalised derivative operator." In 2009 World Congress on Nature & Biologically Inspired Computing (NaBIC 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nabic.2009.5393410.

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Juma, Abdul Rahman S., and Aljouharah T. Aljuaid. "Differential Subordination and Superordinate for Multivalent Functions." In ICMS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL SCIENCE. American Institute of Physics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3525213.

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Boini, Ravindar, Bharavi Sharma R., and Ravi Kiran G. "Subfamily of harmonic meromorphic functions by subordination." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS: ICMTA2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0108666.

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Magdziarz, Marcin, and Aleksander Weron. "Stochastic representations of anomalous diffusion processes: subordination approach." In 3rd International ICST Conference on Performance Evaluation Methodologies and Tools. ICST, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/icst.valuetools.2008.51.

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Reports on the topic "Subordination"

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Mayster, Penka. Consecutive Subordination of Poisson Processes and Gamma Processes. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.06.02.

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Stanton, Richard, and Nancy Wallace. CMBS Subordination, Ratings Inflation, and the Crisis of 2007-2009. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16206.

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Carasso, Alfred S. Bochner subordination, logarithmic diffusion equations, and blind deconvolution of hubble space telescope imagery and other scientific data. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.7632.

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Moszyński, Michał. From Autonomy to Subordination? Relations Between the State and the Representations of Interests on the German Labour Market. Institute of Economics Research, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eep.wp.2018.1.

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Mendoza, Enrique G. Why Should Emerging Economies Give Up National Currencies?: A Case for "Institutions Substitution". Inter-American Development Bank, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010952.

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Financial contagion and Sudden Stops of capital inflows experienced in emerging-markets crises may originate in an explosive mix of lack of policy credibility and world capital market imperfections that afflict emerging economies with national currencies. Hence, this paper argues that abandoning national currencies to adopt a hard currency can significantly reduce the emerging countries' vulnerability to these crises. The credibility of their financial policies would be greatly enhanced by the implicit subordination to the policymaking institutions of the hard currency issuer. Their access to international capital markets would improve as the same expertise and information that global investors already gather to evaluate the monetary policy of the hard currency issuer would apply to emerging economies. Yet, adopting a hard currency does not eliminate business cycles, rule out all forms of financial crises, or solve severe fiscal problems that plague emerging economies, and it entails giving up seigniorage and potential benefits of conducting independent monetary policy. However, these disadvantages seem dwarfed by the urgent need to enable emerging countries to access global capital markets without exposing them to the risk of recurrent Sudden Stops.
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Abbott, Pamela, Dickson Malunda, and Ismael Byaruhanga. Assessing the Impact and Scalability of Participatory Homegrown Programs on Reducing and Redistributing Unpaid Care Work among Women in Rwanda: A Case of Reseaux des Femmes' Unpaid Care Work Project in Rwanda: Baseline Report. Centre for Global Development, University of Aberdeen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57064/2164/21125.

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This report provides a descriptive overview of the quantitative baseline data collected in January and February 2022 for a research project evaluating a complex social intervention to reduce and redistribute women’s unpaid care work (UCW) in Rwanda using homegrown solutions. The intervention aims to reduce and redistribute UCW undertaken by women in Rwanda's rural areas, thereby improving their quality of life and increasing their empowerment. The findings discussed in this report are from a survey of intervention and control households and 7-day time diaries completed by husbands and wives in each household, with some illustrative material from simultaneous qualitative research. The research design for the project is a cluster trial informed by critical realism (CRCT) , combining quantitative and qualitative research methods to explain what works for whom under what circumstances. The intention is not just to identify the changes that can be attributed to the intervention but to develop explanatory theories of why the changes took place (Danermark et al., 2019; Porter et al., 2017; Porter and O’Halloran, 2012). The purpose of a Working Paper at this stage of the project is mostly to describe the lives and subordination of rural women as revealed by the baseline survey and, in the process, to identify any differences between control and intervention groups which have occurred by chance and will need to be controlled statistically in the analysis of the final results.
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Aloisi, Jonathan. Subordinating Values to Interests: Clearing Up Confusion in Our National Security Strategy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441990.

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Tyson, Paul. Orchestrated Irrationality: Why It Exists and How It Might Be Resisted. Mέta | Centre for Postcapitalist Civilisation, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55405/mwp13en.

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Orchestrated irrationality in our public discourse is produced by technologically enhanced and commercially purposed atomization and tribalism. Public discourse now leans away from a humane, free, and reasoned political rationality and towards self-interested, calculative, herd conformism. The bulls and bears of consumer society have largely displaced the civic logic of the liberal democratic pursuit of the common good. The power interests that govern global consumerism are enhanced by subordinating the common good ends of genuinely political life to the self-interested and profit driven dynamics of the market. Orchestrated irrationality in our public discourse makes politics into a meaningless theatre of incommensurate tribal interest narratives, which is a convenient distraction from the collaborative consolidation of market power and state control. This orchestrated irrationality can only be combatted by seeking to de-atomize citizens and de-tribalize the public square in order to recover the priority of political life over market and authoritarian power in our public discourse. That is, a postcapitalist civilization that is oriented to a genuinely political and universally moral rationality must replace the present global order. Once we can identify the problem and the direction of cure for orchestrated irrationality, we can then take steps towards a different civilizational life-world.
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Критерії та рівні сформованості методологічної компетентності старшокласників з біології. Кам’янець-Подільський національний університет імені Івана Огієнка, Інститут педагогіки НАПН України, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2694.

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Abstract. Formation of methodological competence of students is one of the goals of teaching biology at high school in accordance with implementing reforms in the system of general secondary education in the year 2018/2019. Currently, the important issue is the development of tools for assessment of its formation. The purpose of the article is the description of the author’s developed criteria and formation of levels of methodological competence in biology among senior pupils. The article contains: author's definition of "methodological competence", author's approach to the description of criteria and levels of formation of levels of methodological competence in biology among senior pupils. The author of the article bases himself on his developed concept and method of formation of a knowledge system in biology among senior pupils, the systematic factor of which is methodological knowledge. The author emphasizes that methodological knowledge is the central element of the system of knowledge of senior pupils and the effective mean of fundamentalization of the content of modern biological education at high school and effective way of strengthening of axiological and cultural orientation of biological educational content at a New Ukrainian school. The criterial apparatus includes the knowledge of senior pupil’s the types of knowledge, their logical subordination, possession of basic methods of biological research, possession of historical and biological knowledge, understanding of the socio-historical background of the development of the biological knowledge The directions of further researches is development of theoretically grounded methods of forming components of methodological competence in biology in accordance with the requirements of state standards and programs of the educational subject "Biology and Ecology" at a New Ukrainian school.
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