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1
Engin, Ertan. "Design, Construction And Performance Evaluation Of A Submersible Pump With Numerical Experimentation." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606532/index.pdf.
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Due to the increasing demand, nonclog type sewage pumps are designed and manufactured in large amounts all over the world. However, a methodology on the design of these special duty pumps is not encountered in the literature. Therefore, the manufacturers tend to develop their own empirical methodologies.
In this thesis, a nonclog pump is designed and constructed on the basis of suitable approaches of known centrifugal pump design methods. In this frame, a nonclog type submersible pump that is capable of handling solids, up to a diameter of 80 mm is aimed to be designed. The designed pump delivers 100 l/s flow rate against a head of 24 m. The rotational speed of the pump is 1000 rpm. Design procedure and the important points that differ nonclog pump design from standard centrifugal pump designs are given.
In addition, hydraulic characteristics of two nonclog pumps, one of which is the pump designed in this study, are investigated by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code.
The designed pump is manufactured and tested in Layne Bowler Pump Company Inc. The test result indicates that design point is reached with a deviation in the limits of the related standard. Wire to water total best efficiency obtained by the test is 60%.
Close agreement between results of actual test and numerical experimentation performed by CFD code shows that CFD analysis is a quite useful tool in predicting the hydraulic characteristics of nonclog pumps.
Moreover, the pump is tested at 750 rpm and the test results are found to be in good agreement with the similitude anaysis results.
2
Guler, Ozan Nuri. "Production System Optimization For Submersible Pump Lifted Wells:a Case Study." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605000/index.pdf.
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A computer program has been written to perform production optimization in submersible pump lifted wells.Production optimization was achieved by the principles of Nodal Analysis Technique which was applied between the reservoir and the wellhead ignoring the surface choke and separator.computer program has been written according to two lifting environment,which are:pumping with only liquid,pumping with both liquid and gas.
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Carvalho, Paulo Moreira de. "Modeling the electrical submersible jet pump producing high gas-liquid-ratio petroleum wells /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Ellis, Cameron B. "Tribopairs in Wellbore Drilling: A Study of PCD Tilting Pad Bearings in an Electric Submersible Pump." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7233.
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A polycrystalline diamond was tested as a bearing material for a tilting pad thrust bearing to be used in an electric submersible pump, which elevates process fluids from the bottom of well bores. The goal of this study was to compare the PCD to a current best of technology, which is stainless steel with an engineering polymer.This study found that PCD can handle larger loads than current technology but is limited in size due to diamond sintering and manufacturing constraints. The maximum size is Ø75mm.
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Ceylan, Sevil Ezgi. "Design And Economical Evaluation Of Sucker Rod And Electrical Submesible Pumps: Oil Wells In A Field, Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605416/index.pdf.
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There are some alternatives of artificial lift methods to increase the production of oil well or to keep it producing. Sucker rod pumping (SRP) and electrical submersible pumping (ESP) systems are selected for the design and economical evaluation of thirteen oil wells of R field. Although selected wells are already producing artificially, they are redesigned for SRP and ESP. LoadCalC software developed by Lufkin and SubPUMP developed by DSSC are used for SRP and ESP designs respectively. For economic evaluation, the rate of return (ROR) of each design is calculated for ten year period. In technical comparison, advantage of higher production ability with lower power consumption was observed in ESP applications. In wells which have lower production than 100 bpd, SRP takes the advantage as it has the ability of low volume lifting. In economical comparison it was observed that using both methods together was given better result. By increasing the number of wells that were applied ESP, 3.61% of increment in ROR was obtained relative to the present status.
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Castañeda, Jimenez German Efrain 1988. "Simulação do controle de escoamento multifásico em uma bomba centrífuga submersa - BCS : Simulation control of multiphase flow an electrical submersible pump - EPS." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265922.
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Orientador: Janito Vaqueiro FerreiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: Na indústria do petróleo é comum à utilização de bombas centrífugas submersas (BCS) operando em escoamento multifásico líquido-gás. A presença de elevadas vazões de gás causam uma degradação severa no desempenho da bomba, gerando instabilidades nas curvas de pressão-vazão, como o `surging¿ e o `gas locking¿. Portanto o conhecimento destas instabilidades é fundamental para a adequada operação da bomba e assim evitar falhas prematuras no equipamento. Na atualidade não existem modelos matemáticos que representem de forma adequada o comportamento da BCS na região de `surging¿ e no `gas locking¿, gerando a necessidade de empregar circuitos de testes para fazer o levantamento das curvas de desempenho das bombas. A maioria dos circuitos de testes é operada de forma manual para obter às condições de operação da bomba, tornando os ensaios repetitivos, cansativos e trabalhosos. Por isto nasce a necessidade de automatizar estas bancadas com a finalidade de facilitar o processo do levantamento das curvas de desempenho das bombas. Este trabalho apresenta o projeto e simulação de um controle robusto tipo H_? que permita manter o escoamento multifásico na entrada de uma BCS em diferentes condições de operação da bomba. Este controlador é projetado a partir de um circuito de testes para BCS virtual que é modelado empregando formulações físicas e modelos ajustados mediante dados experimentais usando algoritmos de aprendizagem de máquinas baseados em máquinas de suporte vetorial para regressão (SVMr). Após o projeto de controle, o controlador projetado é testado no circuito de testes virtual mediante simulações em tempo real `software in the loop¿ (SIL)
Abstract: In the oil industry, it is common to use electrical submersible pumps (ESP) operating with gas -liquid multiphase flow. The presence of high gas flows cause severe degradation in performance of the pump, generating instabilities in the flow-pressure curves, as "surging" and "gas locking". Therefore knowledge of these instabilities is essential for the proper functioning of the pump and thereby prevents premature failure of the equipment. Currently there are no mathematical models that adequately represent the behavior of the EPS in the region of "surging" and "gas locking", creating the need to use test circuits to make a study of the performance curves of the pumps. Most test circuits are operated manually to reach the operating conditions of the pump, making repetitive, tedious and laborious trials. Therefore there is a need to automate these circuits in order to facilitate the process of obtaining the performance curve of the pump. In this paper the project and simulation of a robust control type H_? for keeping the multiphase flow in the entrance of a EPS operating at different conditions is performed. This controller is designed based on a test circuit virtual for EPS which is modeled using physical formulations and adjusted models obtained by experimental data using machine learning algorithms based on support vector machines for regression (SVMR). After the controller design, the control is tested in the virtual test circuits using simulations in real time "software in the loop" (SIL)
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Betônico, Gustavo de Carvalho. "Estudo da distribuição de temperatura em motores de bombas centrífugas submersas." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265663.
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Orientadores: Antonio Carlos Bannwart, Marcelo Moreira GanzarolliDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica e Instituto de Geociências
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Resumo: Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um modelo para determinação da temperatura do motor de uma bomba centrífuga submersa (BCS) sob condições variáveis de vazão e carga. Este leva em consideração o comportamento acoplado entre o motor, a bomba e o sistema de produção. Assim, dada uma frequência ajustada no variador de frequência, a temperatura do motor é determinada como resultado do equilíbrio entre a produção de calor, calculada a partir da potência que a bomba demanda do motor, e a extração do calor, calculada a partir da vazão. Neste modelo, considera-se a BCS instalada num módulo de bombeamento submarino localizado perto do poço produtor. Foi estudada a transferência de calor por convecção no módulo de bombeio, onde um escoamento descendente ocorre no anular externo entre o revestimento e a camisa de refrigeração e um fluxo ascendente ocorre no anular interno entre a camisa de refrigeração e o motor. Um estudo de transferência de calor por convecção foi elaborado comparando modelos baseados no perfil de temperatura plenamente desenvolvido com modelos que consideram o desenvolvimento da camada limite térmica. Uma vez que o único ponto de medição da temperatura se localiza na extremidade inferior do enrolamento de estator, o modelo desenvolvido neste trabalho também determina a distribuição de temperatura do motor. Um estudo de caso foi realizado com diversas viscosidades de óleo e frações de água. Os resultados mostram a elevação da temperatura do motor, quando sua velocidade é continuamente aumentada. Também se mostrou que, negligenciar os efeitos do desenvolvimento da camada limite térmica, quando ocorre escoamento laminar, pode resultar num motor superaquecido, onde na verdade, a temperatura máxima do motor é muito menor do que o seu limite superior. Modelos baseados no perfil temperatura plenamente desenvolvidos sofrem de imprecisão, quando utilizados em aplicações de fluidos viscosos, devido ao grande comprimento entrada térmica
Abstract: A model to predict the motor temperature of an electrical submersible pump, under variable conditions of flow rate and loading, has been developed. This model takes into account the coupled behavior between motor, pump and production system. Thus, given a frequency set in the variable speed drive, the motor temperature is determined as a result of the equilibrium between the heat generation, calculated from the power that the pump demands from the motor, and the heat extraction, calculated from the flow rate. In this model, the electrical submersible pump is supposed to be installed in a subsea pumping module located near the producer well. It has been studied the convective heat transfer in the pumping module, where a downward flow occurs in the external annulus between the casing and the shroud, and an upward flow happens in the internal annulus between the shroud and the motor. A convective heat transfer study has been run comparing models based on fully developed temperature profile and models that consider the development of the thermal boundary layer. Since the only point of temperature measurement is located at the lower end of the stator winding, the model developed in this work also determines the temperature distribution of the motor. A case study has been run with several oil viscosities and water cut. The results show a motor temperature rise when motor speed is continuously increased. It is also showed that, when laminar flow occurs, neglecting the effect of the thermal boundary layer development may result in an overheated motor prediction where actually, motor maximum temperature is much smaller than its upper limit. Fully developed temperature profile models suffer of inaccuracy when used in viscous fluid applications, due to its big thermal entry length
Mestrado
Explotação
Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo
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Martinez, Ricardo Diana Marcela 1986. "Identificação da vazão de gás de uma bomba centrífuga em regime de escoamento multifásico através de dados experimentais : Identification of the gas flow of an electric submersible pump under multiphase flow thou experimental data." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265921.
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Orientador: Janito Vaqueiro FerreiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
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Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um processo de identificação da vazão de gás em um dos equipamentos usados na indústria petrolífera, às bombas centrífugas submersas (BCS) em regime de escoamento multifásico. Estas bombas apresentam falhas frequentes prematuras quando a vazão de gás é alta, as quais ocorrem por falta de informação do tipo de escoamento bifásico presente na bomba no tempo de operação. Por isto estudos de identificação experimental são requeridos nesta área. Neste contexto a presente pesquisa tem seu foco na obtenção de modelos mediante dados experimentais, recompilados diretamente da resposta do sistema que descrevem o comportamento da vazão de gás na planta de interesse, como: vibração, vazão, elevação entre outros. Estes modelos estão baseados na identificação não paramétrica e no algoritmo de aprendizagem de Máquina de Vetores de Suporte (SVM), onde os parâmetros ocultos da máquina de aprendizagem serão obtidos mediante algoritmos genéticos, visando obter modelos mais representativos
Abstract: This work develops a process to identify the flow of gas in one of the equipment used in the oil industry, the electric submersible pump (EPS) under multiphase flow. These pumps feature frequent premature failures when the gas flow is high. That occurs due to lack of information on the type of two ¿ phase flow in the pump in operation time. Experimental studies for this identification are required in this area. In this context, the present research focuses on obtaining models by experimental data collected directly from the system response which describes the behavior of the gas flow on the system of interest such as: vibration, fluid, elevation etc. These models are based on nonparametric identification and in learning algorithm support vector machine (SVM), where the hidden parameters of the learning machine will be obtained by genetic algorithms in order to obtain more representative models
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestra em Engenharia Mecânica
9
Молошний, Олександр Миколайович, Александр Николаевич Молошный, and Oleksandr Mykolaiovych Moloshnyi. "Вплив конструкції підвідного пристрою герметичного моноблочного насоса з порожнистим валом на його робочий процес та характеристики." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/75137.
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У дисертаційній роботі подане нове вирішення наукової задачі, що полягає в удосконаленні конструкції герметичного моноблочного насосу з порожнистим валом на основі результатів наукових досліджень впливу особливостей конструкції підвідного пристрою на течію та енергетичні процеси в проточній частині насоса і елементах електродвигуна. Розроблено конструкцію герметичного відцентрового моноблочного насоса. Шляхом аналітичного дослідження комплексу факторів навантаження ротора (ваги, гідродинамічних та магнітних сил) визначено їх взаємний вплив та взаємозв’язок з робочим процесом підшипників ковзання Проведення числового моделювання дало можливість оцінити структуру потоку у проточній частині насоса, а саме вплив ОПП з обертовими стінками та дифузором перед входом в РК, на структуру потоку на вході в РК, параметри розподілення складових абсолютної швидкості та протікання кавітаційних процесів в ОПП та РК. Визначено діапазон оптимальних величин діаметрів ОПП з точки зору мінімальних гідравлічних втрат в ОПП та електричних втрат в роторних магнітопроводах електродвигуна за умови порожнистого валу насоса з коефіцієнтом швидкохідності (ns) в діапазоні від 60 до 70. Встановлено що перші прояви кавітації спостерігаються в РК, зменшення діаметру ОПП призводить до зміни місця виникнення кавітації і напрямку її розповсюдження. Розроблені методичні рекомендації щодо проектування герметичних моноблочних насосів з порожнистим валом та врахування впливу геометричних параметрів ОПП на конструктивні особливості вхідної частини лопатей РК. Експериментально підтверджено результати, які отримано числовим моделюванням.The work is focused on the pump construction, which ensures high performance correlated with the safety aspects. It leads to the application of the pump, where the likelihood of the failure of the unit is minimal. The double entry pumps are commonly used due to the reduction of the hydraulic forces and also hermetic units, with closed, seal-less construction. The thesis presents a new solution to the scientific problem, which focuses on the improvement of the design of a sealless double entry close coupled centrifugal pump with a hollow shaft. In this conception, the inside of the hollow shaft is an axial inlet device, which consists of a straight part and diffuser. The design of a sealless close coupled centrifugal pump has been developed. Conducted analyses are based on the results of the investigation of the influence of axial inlet device geometrical features on pump working process in order to achieve minimal energy losses in the flowing part of the pump. The mutual influence of the construction of plain bearings and forces acting on the motion elements of the pump was elaborated. The rotating parts are loaded with the hydrodynamic, magnetic and gravity forces, which are the preliminary design data of bearing. On the other hand, the construction of bearing is severely acting on the mentioned above forces, which leads to the crucial design problem. Conducted numerical simulations made it possible to estimate the flow structure in the flowing part of the pump. In detail, the influence of the axial inlet device with rotating walls and the diffuser before the impeller inlet on the performance of the pump was recognized. The range of optimum values of axial inlet device diameters is also determined in terms of minimum hydraulic losses in the axial inlet device and electric losses in the rotor magnetic circuits of the motor under the condition of a hollow pump shaft with specific speed (ns) in the range from 60 to 70. Moreover, the flow structure at the impeller inlet, the parameters of the distribution of the absolute velocity components and the cavitation processes in the axial inlet device and the impeller were investigated. It is established that the first appearance of the cavitation was observed in the impeller. The reduction of the axial inlet device diameter leads to the change in the locations of the cavitation zones and the direction of their distribution. The methodical recommendations for the design of sealless close-coupled pump with a hollow shaft and the influence of the geometric parameters of the axial inlet device on the structural features of the leading edge of the blades of the impeller were developed. The results obtained by the numerical simulation were experimentally confirmed.
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Sachdeva, Rajesh. "Two-phase flow through electric submersible pumps /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1988. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9021070.
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Garcia, Christian Daniel 1979. "Magnetic levitation for down-hole submersible pumps." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68391.
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Thesis (S.M. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 165-166).
The feasibility of a magnetic levitation pump for oil well down-hole use is investigated. The design, development, and testing of a closed-loop magnetic levitation pump is presented. This includes the design of the maglev motor, system instrumentation, and mechanical components. The motor angular velocity and motor gap position are controlled with the use of a digital controller. The digital controller utilizes commutation laws for commanding current to the motor based on desired torque and levitation force. The design, simulation, and experimental testing of a proportional controller and a lead compensator for the control of motor velocity and motor gap, respectively, is also discussed. The experimental effort associated with the development of the maglev pump is described in detail. Major topics are the development of models for the system, implementation of control algorithms, and analysis of system response data. Testing verified that motor gap (levitation) and angular velocity are controlled effectively under various pumping conditions. These results prove the feasibility of a closed-loop maglev pump. The pump reached maximum speeds of 1432 RPM during testing, as limited by the motor drive amplifiers. Analysis shows that the pump is capable of reaching 3600 RPM and providing flow and pressure levels equal to conventional submersible pumps, if the current to the motor is increased by a factor of approximately 2.5. Such a current increase is possible without exceeding the thermal limits of the motor. Results show that designing and building magnetic levitation motors for down-hole applications, under the size constraints of current submersible pumps, is feasible. Furthermore, maintaining the levitation gap under pumping conditions and sudden pressure increases is possible through closed-loop control of the motor currents. This work serves as a first step to developing magnetic levitation techniques for down-hole submersible pumps. Suggestions for improvement of the maglev pump are given, and recommendations for future research are presented.
by Christian Daniel Garcia.
S.M.and S.B.
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Batista, Evellyne da Silva. "Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta computacional para aplica??o em m?todos de eleva??o por bombeio centr?fugo submerso." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15297.
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Previous issue date: 2009-09-26Petr?leo Brasileiro SA - PETROBRAS
The Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) has been one of the most appropriate solutions for lifting method in onshore and offshore applications. The typical features for this application are adverse temperature, viscosity fluids and gas environments. The difficulties in equipments maintenance and setup contributing to increasing costs of oil production in deep water, therefore, the optimization through automation can be a excellent approach for decrease costs and failures in subsurface equipment. This work describe a computer simulation related with the artificial lifting method ESP. This tool support the dynamic behavior of ESP approach, considering the source and electric energy transmission model for the motor, the electric motor model (including the thermal calculation), flow tubbing simulation, centrifugal pump behavior simulation with liquid nature effects and reservoir requirements. In addition, there are tri-dimensional animation for each ESP subsytem (transformer, motor, pump, seal, gas separator, command unit). This computer simulation propose a improvement for monitoring oil wells for maximization of well production. Currenty, the proprietaries simulators are based on specific equipments manufactures. Therefore, it is not possible simulation equipments of another manufactures. In the propose approach there are support for diverse kinds of manufactures equipments
Bombeio Centr?fugo Submerso (BCS) tem se mostrado uma das solu??es mais adequadas como m?todo de eleva??o em aplica??es onshore e offshore. As caracter?sticas t?picas desssas aplica??es s?o condi??es adversas de temperatura, fluidos viscosos e ambientes gaseificados. As dificuldades encontradas na manuten??o e instala??o de equipamentos s?o fatores que oneram a produ??o de petr?leo em ?guas profundas, com isso, a otimiza??o via automa??o, pode ser um passo fundamental para a redu??o de custos e falhas nos equipamentos de subsuperf?cie. Este trabalho apresenta um simulador computacional relacionado ao m?todo de eleva??o artificial BCS. A ferramenta representa o comportamento din?mico, considerando a transmiss?o de energia el?trica da superf?cie ao motor, modelo do motor el?trico (incluindo o efeito t?rmico), simula??o do escoamento na tubula??o, simula??o do comportamento da bomba centr?fuga, levando em considera??o os efeitos da natureza do l?quido e os aspectos do reservat?rio. Adicionalmente, s?o encontrados anima??es tridimensionais para cada subsistema BCS (transformador, motor, bomba, selo ou protetor, separador de g?s e quadro de comando). O simulador computacional prop?e uma melhoria no acompanhamento de po?os de petr?leo visando o aumento da produtividade do po?o. Atualmente, os simuladores comerciais est?o baseados em equipamentos espec?ficos do fabricante, dificultando obter resultados com outros equipamentos. Na t?cnica proposta, existe suporte para diversos fabricantes
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Cunha, Allison Cristian da. "Utilização de hardware livre para implementação de controlador de bombeio centrífugo submerso aplicado em poços produtores de petróleo." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2017. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/847.
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The reduction of power consumption and operational costs in petroleum industry has become an increasingly concernment in the last years. Due to that the search for new petroleum production methods and the use of process controlling techniques integrated to its artificial lift systems for optimizing that process plays a main role, and the development of well pump controllers is the main study object. The work proposes the implementation of a control system for oil wells equipped with ESP (Electrical Submersible Pumping), having as main methodology the use of the Arduino® Platform. The desired result is the development of a low cost oil pump controller system, with software technology which brings easy configuration and remote operation, and validation of its use in a real oil well. The main goals are the cost reduction through the use of inexpensive hardware, and the the increase of developing speed by migrating to a higher level programming language, both compared to current well pumping controller solutions, based on use of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). Other than that, the proposal represents a big step for the dissemination of open hardware philosophy for the petroleum production process control, opening doors for incoming implementation of new controllers for other artificial lift methods
A redução de consumo energético e do custo operacional na indústria de petróleo vem se tornando uma preocupação cada vez maior ao longo dos últimos anos. Nesse contexto a busca por novos métodos de produção de petróleo e a utilização de técnicas de controle integradas aos sistemas de elevação artificial para a otimização desse processo exercem um importante papel, e o desenvolvimento de controladores de bombeio é o principal objeto de estudo. O trabalho propõe a implementação de um sistema de controle para poços equipados com BCS (Bombeio Centrífugo Submerso), tendo como metodologia base o uso da plataforma Arduino®. O resultado desejado é o desenvolvimento de um sistema de controle de bombeio de baixo custo, com tecnologia de software que contemple fácil configuração e operação remota, e a validação do seu uso em um poço produtor de petróleo real. Os objetivos principais são a redução de custos através da utilização de hardware mais econômico, e a aceleração do desenvolvimento devida à migração para uma linguagem de programação de mais alto nível, ambos em relação às soluções de controle de bombeio atuais, baseadas no uso de CLP (Controlador Lógico Programável). Além disso, a proposta representa um grande passo para a disseminação do uso da filosofia de hardware livre para controle do processo de produção de petróleo, abrindo portas para a implementação de novos controladores para outros métodos de elevação
2018-03-28
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Biazussi, Jorge Luiz 1984. "Modelo de deslizamento para escoamento gás-líquido em bomba centrífuga submersa operando com líquido de baixa viscosidade." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265876.
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Orientador: Antonio Carlos BannwartTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto de Geociências
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Resumo: A bomba centrífuga submersa (BCS) é uma bomba de múltiplos estágios que tem recebido muita atenção nos últimos anos, devido à sua importância para a elevação artificial de petróleo em altas vazões. Como uma parte do sistema de Elevação Artificial, a BCS é geralmente instalada no interior do poço, a fim de aumentar a vazão ou até mesmo viabilizar a produção. A presença de gás livre no fluido na entrada da bomba provoca uma diminuição do ganho de pressão fornecido pela BCS e pode conduzir a instabilidades na curva de ganho de pressão versus vazão. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver e avaliar o desempenho de um modelo de deslizamento para representar o ganho de pressão em uma ampla faixa de vazão de líquido de uma BCS. Para este propósito foram realizados testes experimentais em laboratório para três BCS diferentes que operam com misturas ar - água. Especificamente, o ganho de pressão e a potência de eixo foram medidos em diferentes vazões de líquido, de gás, de pressões de entrada e rotação. Os resultados dos testes de água monofásicos foram interpretados por ajuste dos dados com um modelo de correlação genérico para o ganho de pressão e potência, tentando descrever todos os fenômenos físicos envolvidos no escoamento nos canais rotativos. Os resultados dos testes bifásicos foram discutidos em termos dos efeitos da fração de vazio, da pressão de admissão, da velocidade de rotação e da geometria da bomba. Um modelo de deslizamento para escoamento em bolhas foi proposto para representar o ganho de pressão e também foi utilizado para expressar a potência de eixo. Os dois parâmetros envolvidos no modelo, ou seja, C0 e kb?, foram ajustados aos dados e mostrou a capacidade desta abordagem em capturar as principais tendências das curvas experimentais. O parâmetro de distribuição C0 foi, em todos os casos, significativamente menor do que um, confirmando os resultados de outros autores, em escoamento bifásico descendente em tubos. Além disso, este resultado indica que os perfis de velocidade e de distribuição de fase são distorcidos pelo campo centrífugo e de Coriolis. O parâmetro kb? foi significativo apenas para a bomba radial de menor vazão, o que confirma a ideia de que para altas vazões de líquido, as bolhas de gás são dispersadas através do líquido e o deslizamento torna-se insignificante
Abstract: The Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) is a multiple stage pump which has been receiving a lot of attention in recent years in due to its importance for the Artificial Lift of petroleum at high flow rates. As a part of the AL system, the ESP is often installed inside the well in order to either viabilize the production or increase its flow rate. The presence of free gas within the fluid entering the pump causes a decrease in the head provided by the ESP and may lead to instabilities in the head-capacity curve. The aim of this work is to develop and evaluate the performance of a drift flux model to represent the head in the entire liquid flow rate range of an ESP. For this purpose, experimental performance tests to determine the characteristic curves were performed in laboratory for three different ESPs operating with water and water-air mixtures. Specifically, the head and brakehorsepower were measured at different flow liquid and gas flow rates, inlet pressures and rotation speeds. The results from the single-phase water tests were interpreted by fitting generic correlation models for the head and power to the data, trying to describe all basic phenomena involved in the rotating channel flow. The results from the two-phase runs were discussed in terms of the effects of the mixture composition, intake pressure, rotation speed and pump geometry. A drift flux model for bubbly flow was proposed to represent the head and also used to express the power. The two parameters involved in the model, namely C0 and kb? , were fitted to the data and showed good capability of this approach to capture the main trends of the experimental curves. The distribution parameter C0 was in all cases significantly lower than one, confirming the findings by other authors in two-phase downward pipe flow. Also, this result indicates that the velocity and phase distribution profiles are distorted by both the centripetal and Coriolis fields. The drift parameter kb? was significant for the smallest capacity radial pump only, confirming the idea that at sufficiently high liquid flow rates, the gas bubbles are dispersed through the liquid and drift becomes negligible
Doutorado
Explotação
Doutor em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo
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Quintaes, Filipe de Oliveira. "Sistema de sensoriamento eletromagn?tico utilizado para detec??o da contamina??o do ?leo isolante do motor no m?todo de eleva??o artificial do tipo bombeio centr?fugo submerso." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13010.
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-25In the artificial lift method by Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP), the energy is transmitted for the well?s deep through a flat electric handle, where it is converted into mechanical energy through an engine of sub-surface, which is connected to a centrifugal pump. This transmits energy to the fluid under the pressure form, bringing it to the surface In this method the subsurface equipment is basically divided into: pump, seal and motor. The main function of the seal is the protect the motor, avoiding the motor?s oil be contaminated by oil production and the consequent burning of it. Over time, the seal will be wearing and initiates a contamination of motor oil, causing it to lose its insulating characteristics. This work presents a design of a magnetic sensor capable of detecting contamination of insulating oil used in the artificial lift method of oil-type Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP). The objective of this sensor is to generate alarm signal just the moment when the contamination in the isolated oil is present, enabling the implementation of a predictive maintenance. The prototype was designed to work in harsh conditions to reach a depth of 2000m and temperatures up to 150?C. It was used a simulator software to defined the mechanical and electromagnetic variables. Results of field experiments were performed to validate the prototype. The final results performed in an ESP system with a 62HP motor showed a good reliability and fast response of the prototype.
No m?todo de eleva??o artificial de petr?leo por Bombeio Centr?fugo Submerso (BCS) a energia el?trica ? transmitida para o fundo do po?o atrav?s de um cabo, onde ? transformada em energia mec?nica por um motor de sub-superf?cie, o qual est? conectado a uma bomba centr?fuga, que transmite a energia para o fluido sob a forma de press?o, elevando-o para a superf?cie. Neste m?todo, os equipamentos de sub-superf?cie subdividem-se basicamente em: bomba, selo e motor. A principal fun??o do selo ? a prote??o do motor, evitando a contamina??o do ?leo do motor pelo ?leo de produ??o e a conseq?ente queima do mesmo. Com o tempo, o selo vai desgastando-se e come?a haver uma contamina??o do ?leo do motor, fazendo com que o mesmo perca a sua caracter?stica isolante. Este trabalho apresenta um projeto de um sensor magn?tico capaz de detectar a contamina??o do ?leo isolante utilizado no m?todo de eleva??o artificial de petr?leo do tipo (BCS). O objetivo deste sensor ? gerar um sinal de alarme apenas no momento em que a contamina??o do ?leo isolante estiver presente, possibilitando ? execu??o de uma manuten??o preditiva. O prot?tipo foi projetado para trabalhar em condi??es operacionais severas, podendo alcan?ar uma profundidade de 2000m e temperaturas at? 150?C. Foi utilizado um software simulador para definir as vari?veis mec?nicas e eletromagn?ticas. Experimentos de campo foram realizados para validar o prot?tipo. Os resultados finais realizados em um sistema BCS com um motor de 62HP mostrou uma boa confiabilidade e resposta r?pida do prot?tipo.
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Ribeiro, Marcos Pellegrini. "Inaccessible equipment monitoring via vibratory signature analysis utilising data collected by remote accelerometers." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313689.
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Kahya, Ali Cenk. "Analyzing The Design Of Submersible Lifted Deviated Oil Wells." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605742/index.pdf.
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Electrical Submersible Pumping (ESP) is a well known artificial lift technique in reservoirs having high-water cut and low gas-oil ratio. It is known as an effective and economical method of producing large volumes of fluid under different well conditions. ESP equipments are capable of producing in a range of 200 b/d to 60.000 b/d. A case study was done, by designing 10 deviated or horizontal wells selected from the Y-oilfield in Western Siberia. SubPUMP software developed by IHS Energy is used for designing the ESP systems of these wells. These 10 wells will be working with variable speed drives. After selecting the available equipment from the inventory, the best running frequencies are selected for these wells. Evaluations of the designs are made from the pump performance graphs of each well. The pumps should work within their optimum efficiency ranges. These ranges can be seen from the pump performance curves. If the designs made are not within these efficiency ranges, designs should be evaluated and selecting new equipment should be should be an option. Because working outside the optimum efficiency ranges will decrease the production, shorten the runlifes of the pumps and the production will not be stable.
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Barbosa, Tiago de Souza. "Ambiente para avalia??o de controladores fuzzy aplicados ao m?todo de eleva??o artificial por bombeio centr?fugo submerso." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2011. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12954.
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Previous issue date: 2011-07-22From their early days, Electrical Submergible Pumping (ESP) units have excelled in lifting much greater liquid rates than most of the other types of artificial lift and developed by good performance in wells with high BSW, in onshore and offshore environments. For all artificial lift system, the lifetime and frequency of interventions are of paramount importance, given the high costs of rigs and equipment, plus the losses coming from a halt in production. In search of a better life of the system comes the need to work with the same efficiency and security within the limits of their equipment, this implies the need for periodic adjustments, monitoring and control. How is increasing the prospect of minimizing direct human actions, these adjustments should be made increasingly via automation. The automated system not only provides a longer life, but also greater control over the production of the well. The controller is the brain of most automation systems, it is inserted the logic and strategies in the work process in order to get you to work efficiently. So great is the importance of controlling for any automation system is expected that, with better understanding of ESP system and the development of research, many controllers will be proposed for this method of artificial lift. Once a controller is proposed, it must be tested and validated before they take it as efficient and functional. The use of a producing well or a test well could favor the completion of testing, but with the serious risk that flaws in the design of the controller were to cause damage to oil well equipment, many of them expensive. Given this reality, the main objective of the present work is to present an environment for evaluation of fuzzy controllers for wells equipped with ESP system, using a computer simulator representing a virtual oil well, a software design fuzzy controllers and a PLC. The use of the proposed environment will enable a reduction in time required for testing and adjustments to the controller and evaluated a rapid diagnosis of their efficiency and effectiveness. The control algorithms are implemented in both high-level language, through the controller design software, such as specific language for programming PLCs, Ladder Diagram language.
Desde a sua concep??o, as unidades de Bombeio Centr?fugo Submerso (BCS) destacaram- se pelas altas vaz?es desenvolvidas e pelo bom desempenho em po?os com alto BSW, tanto em ambientes onshore como offshore. Em qualquer sistema de eleva??o, sua vida ?til e a frequ?ncia das interven??es s?o de fundamental import?ncia, em virtude dos elevados custos das sondas e dos equipamentos, al?m dos prejuizos oriundos de uma parada na produ??o. Na busca por uma maior vida ?til do sistema, surge a necessidade de que o mesmo trabalhe com efici?ncia e dentro dos limites de seguran?a de seus equipamentos, isso implica na necessidade de peri?dicos ajustes, monitoramento e controle. Como ? crescente a perspectiva de se minimizar as a??es humanas diretas, esses ajustes dever?o ser feitos cada vez mais via automa??o. A automa??o do sistema n?o s? possibilita uma maior vida ?til, mas tamb?m um maior controle sobre a produ??o do po?o. O controlador ? o c?rebro da maioria dos sistemas de automa??o, concentrando l?gica e estrat?gias necess?rias a atua??o no processo de maneira a lev?-lo a trabalhar com efici?ncia. Tal ? a import?ncia do controle para qualquer sistema de automa??o que se espera que, com o desenvolver das pesquisas e melhor conhecimento do BCS, muitos controladores venham a ser propostos para este m?todo de eleva??o. Depois que um controlador ? proposto, o mesmo deve ser testado e validado antes de se tom?-lo como eficiente e funcional. O uso de um po?o produtor ou de um po?o de teste poderia viabilizar a realiza??o de testes, mas com o s?rio risco de que falhas no projeto do controlador viessem a ocasionar danos aos equipamentos do po?o, muitos deles de custo elevado. Diante dessa realidade, o objetivo deste trabalho ? apresentar um ambiente para avalia??o de controladores fuzzy para po?os equipados com o m?todo BCS, utilizando-se de um simulador computacional representando um po?o virtual, de um software de projeto de controladores fuzzy e de um CLP comercial. O uso do ambiente proposto possibilitar? uma redu??o no tempo requerido para a realiza??o dos testes e ajustes necess?rios ao controlador avaliado e um diagn?stico r?pido de sua efici?ncia e efic?cia. Os algoritmos de controle s?o implementados tanto em linguagem de alto n?vel, atrav?s do software de projeto de controladores, como em linguagem espec?fica para programa??o de CLPs, a linguagem de Diagramas Ladder.
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Шудрик, Олександр Леонідович. "Підвищення ефективності використання відцентрових насосів за рахунок вдосконалення математичних моделей робочого процесу." Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/35499.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.05.17 – гідравлічні машини та гідропневмоагрегати. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2018 р.
Дисертацію присвячено вирішенню важливої науково-технічної задачі підвищення ефективності роботи заглибного електровідцентрового насоса при його роботі на реальній рідині, що представляє собою суміш в'язкої неньютонівської рідини, води та газу, за рахунок вдосконалення математичних моделей. Виконано аналіз концепцій розвитку насособудування в Україні. Описано методи математичного моделювання тривимірних течій в'язкої реальної рідини та їх переваги над фізичними експериментами. Обрано пакет програм для проведення чисельного експерименту в каналах заглибних насосів OpenFOAM. Для моделювання течії рідини в проточній частині насоса використовувалась система рівнянь нерозривності та Навье-Стокса. Для її замикання було обрано k-ε модель турбулентності. Досліджено вплив реологічних властивостей неньютонівських рідин на характеристики відцентрового насоса. Наведено математичну модель турбулентної тривимірної течії неньютонівської рідини. Для розрахунків обрано модель неньютонівської рідини Гершеля-Балклі, що найбільш точно описує поведінку рідин даного типу. Вдосконалено залежності для перерахунку характеристик насосу при його роботі на реальній рідині. Визначено та обрано підхід та математичну модель для моделювання тривимірної течії в'язкої газорідинної суміші та показані особливості при розрахунках такого типу рідин в пакеті OpenFOAM. Розглянуто шляхи підвищення ефективності заглибних насосів шляхом зміни проточної частини. Визначено раціональний кут нахилу вихідної кромки. Запропоновано модифіковану ступінь насоса, котра захищена патентом України, для перекачування рідини з підвищеним вмістом газу. Розглянуто та вдосконалено математичну модель сумісної роботи реальної свердловини та заглибного відцентрового насоса у вигляді пакета прикладних програм. Це дало змогу визначати основні фізичні характеристики рідини в залежності від термодинамічних умов.Thesis for granting the Degree of Candidate of Technical sciences in speciality 05.05.16 – Hydraulic machines and hydropneumatic units. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Politechnic Institute", 2018. The dissertation is devoted to the solution of an important scientific and technical problem of increasing the efficiency of a submersible electric centrifugal pump when it operates on a real liquid, which is a mixture of viscous non-Newtonian fluid, water and gas by improving mathematical models. An analysis of the concepts of development of pumping plant in Ukraine is carried out. The methods of mathematical modeling of three-dimensional flows of a viscous real liquid and their advantages over physical experiments are described. Selected software package for numerical experiment in OpenFOAM submersible pump channels. A system of indeterminate and Navier-Stokes equations was used to simulate the flow of fluid in the flow section of the pump. For its closure a k-ε turbulence model was chosen. The influence of rheological properties of non-Newtonian fluids on the characteristics of a centrifugal pump is investigated. The mathematical model of the turbulent three-dimensional flow of the non-Newtonian fluid is given. For calculations, a model of the Herschel-Bulkley non-Newtonian fluid is chosen, which most accurately describes the behavior of liquids of this type. The dependencies for the recalculation of the characteristics of the pump during its operation on the real liquid have been improved. The approach and mathematical model for modeling the three-dimensional flow of a viscous gas-liquid mixture are determined and chosen, and features are shown in the calculations of this type of fluid in the OpenFOAM package. The ways of increasing the efficiency of submersible pumps by changing the flow part are considered. The rational angle of inclination of the initial edge is determined. The modified degree of the pump, protected by the Ukrainian patent, is offered for pumping a liquid with an increased gas content. The mathematical model of a compatible operation of a real well and a submersible centrifugal pump in the form of a package of applied programs is considered and improved. This made it possible to determine the basic physical characteristics of the liquid, depending on the thermodynamic conditions.
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Шудрик, Олександр Леонідович. "Підвищення ефективності використання відцентрових насосів за рахунок вдосконалення математичних моделей робочого процесу." Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/35496.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.05.17 – гідравлічні машини та гідропневмоагрегати. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2018 р.
Дисертацію присвячено вирішенню важливої науково-технічної задачі підвищення ефективності роботи заглибного електровідцентрового насоса при його роботі на реальній рідині, що представляє собою суміш в'язкої неньютонівської рідини, води та газу, за рахунок вдосконалення математичних моделей. Виконано аналіз концепцій розвитку насособудування в Україні. Описано методи математичного моделювання тривимірних течій в'язкої реальної рідини та їх переваги над фізичними експериментами. Обрано пакет програм для проведення чисельного експерименту в каналах заглибних насосів OpenFOAM. Для моделювання течії рідини в проточній частині насоса використовувалась система рівнянь нерозривності та Навье-Стокса. Для її замикання було обрано k-ε модель турбулентності. Досліджено вплив реологічних властивостей неньютонівських рідин на характеристики відцентрового насоса. Наведено математичну модель турбулентної тривимірної течії неньютонівської рідини. Для розрахунків обрано модель неньютонівської рідини Гершеля-Балклі, що найбільш точно описує поведінку рідин даного типу. Вдосконалено залежності для перерахунку характеристик насосу при його роботі на реальній рідині. Визначено та обрано підхід та математичну модель для моделювання тривимірної течії в'язкої газорідинної суміші та показані особливості при розрахунках такого типу рідин в пакеті OpenFOAM. Розглянуто шляхи підвищення ефективності заглибних насосів шляхом зміни проточної частини. Визначено раціональний кут нахилу вихідної кромки. Запропоновано модифіковану ступінь насоса, котра захищена патентом України, для перекачування рідини з підвищеним вмістом газу. Розглянуто та вдосконалено математичну модель сумісної роботи реальної свердловини та заглибного відцентрового насоса у вигляді пакета прикладних програм. Це дало змогу визначати основні фізичні характеристики рідини в залежності від термодинамічних умов.Thesis for granting the Degree of Candidate of Technical sciences in speciality 05.05.16 – Hydraulic machines and hydropneumatic units. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Politechnic Institute", 2018. The dissertation is devoted to the solution of an important scientific and technical problem of increasing the efficiency of a submersible electric centrifugal pump when it operates on a real liquid, which is a mixture of viscous non-Newtonian fluid, water and gas by improving mathematical models. An analysis of the concepts of development of pumping plant in Ukraine is carried out. The methods of mathematical modeling of three-dimensional flows of a viscous real liquid and their advantages over physical experiments are described. Selected software package for numerical experiment in OpenFOAM submersible pump channels. A system of indeterminate and Navier-Stokes equations was used to simulate the flow of fluid in the flow section of the pump. For its closure a k-ε turbulence model was chosen. The influence of rheological properties of non-Newtonian fluids on the characteristics of a centrifugal pump is investigated. The mathematical model of the turbulent three-dimensional flow of the non-Newtonian fluid is given. For calculations, a model of the Herschel-Bulkley non-Newtonian fluid is chosen, which most accurately describes the behavior of liquids of this type. The dependencies for the recalculation of the characteristics of the pump during its operation on the real liquid have been improved. The approach and mathematical model for modeling the three-dimensional flow of a viscous gas-liquid mixture are determined and chosen, and features are shown in the calculations of this type of fluid in the OpenFOAM package. The ways of increasing the efficiency of submersible pumps by changing the flow part are considered. The rational angle of inclination of the initial edge is determined. The modified degree of the pump, protected by the Ukrainian patent, is offered for pumping a liquid with an increased gas content. The mathematical model of a compatible operation of a real well and a submersible centrifugal pump in the form of a package of applied programs is considered and improved. This made it possible to determine the basic physical characteristics of the liquid, depending on the thermodynamic conditions.
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Maitelli, Carla Wilza Souza de Paula. "Simula??o do escoamento monof?sico em um est?gio de uma bomba centr?fuga utilizando t?cnicas de fluidodin?mica computacional." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13009.
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Previous issue date: 2010-12-17Oil production and exploration techniques have evolved in the last decades in order to increase fluid flows and optimize how the required equipment are used. The base functioning of Electric Submersible Pumping (ESP) lift method is the use of an electric downhole motor to move a centrifugal pump and transport the fluids to the surface. The Electric Submersible Pumping is an option that has been gaining ground among the methods of Artificial Lift due to the ability to handle a large flow of liquid in onshore and offshore environments. The performance of a well equipped with ESP systems is intrinsically related to the centrifugal pump operation. It is the pump that has the function to turn the motor power into Head. In this present work, a computer model to analyze the three-dimensional flow in a centrifugal pump used in Electric Submersible Pumping has been developed. Through the commercial program, ANSYS? CFX?, initially using water as fluid flow, the geometry and simulation parameters have been defined in order to obtain an approximation of what occurs inside the channels of the impeller and diffuser pump in terms of flow. Three different geometry conditions were initially tested to determine which is most suitable to solving the problem. After choosing the most appropriate geometry, three mesh conditions were analyzed and the obtained values were compared to the experimental characteristic curve of Head provided by the manufacturer. The results have approached the experimental curve, the simulation time and the model convergence were satisfactory if it is considered that the studied problem involves numerical analysis. After the tests with water, oil was used in the simulations. The results were compared to a methodology used in the petroleum industry to correct viscosity. In general, for models with water and oil, the results with single-phase fluids were coherent with the experimental curves and, through three-dimensional computer models, they are a preliminary evaluation for the analysis of the two-phase flow inside the channels of centrifugal pump used in ESP systems
As t?cnicas de explora??o e produ??o de petr?leo t?m evolu?do nas ?ltimas d?cadas no sentido de incrementar as vaz?es de fluido e otimizar a utiliza??o dos equipamentos empregados. A base do funcionamento do m?todo de eleva??o por Bombeio Centr?fugo Submerso (BCS) ? a utiliza??o de um motor el?trico de fundo para movimentar uma bomba centr?fuga e transportar os fluidos at? a superf?cie. O Bombeio Centr?fugo Submerso ? uma op??o que vem ganhando espa?o entre os m?todos de Eleva??o Artificial em fun??o da capacidade de trabalhar com grandes vaz?es de l?quido em ambientes terrestres ou mar?timos. O desempenho de um po?o equipado com eleva??o por BCS est? intrinsecamente relacionado ao funcionamento da bomba centr?fuga que faz parte do sistema. ? ela que tem a fun??o de transformar a pot?ncia cedida pelo motor em altura de eleva??o ou Head. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um modelo computacional para analisar o escoamento tridimensional em uma bomba centr?fuga utilizada em Bombeio Centr?fugo Submerso. Atrav?s do programa comercial, o CFX? ANSYS?, inicialmente utilizando a ?gua como fluido, foram definidos a geometria e os par?metros de simula??o de forma que, fosse obtida, uma aproxima??o do que ocorre no interior dos canais do impelidor e do difusor da bomba em termos de escoamento. Tr?s diferentes condi??es de geometria foram inicialmente testadas para verificar qual a mais adequada ? resolu??o do problema. Ap?s a escolha da geometria mais adequada, tr?s condi??es de malha foram analisadas e os valores obtidos foram comparados ? curva caracter?stica experimental de altura de eleva??o fornecida pelo fabricante. Os resultados se aproximaram da curva experimental, o tempo de simula??o e a converg?ncia do modelo foram satisfat?rios se for considerado que o problema estudado envolve an?lise num?rica. Ap?s os testes com a ?gua, um ?leo, foi utilizado nas simula??es. Os resultados foram comparados a uma metodologia utilizada na ind?stria do petr?leo para corre??o da viscosidade. De uma forma geral, para os modelos com ?gua e com o ?leo, os resultados com os fluidos monof?sicos se mostraram coerentes com as curvas experimentais e s?o uma avalia??o preliminar para a an?lise, atrav?s de modelos computacionais tridimensionais, do escoamento bif?sico no interior dos canais da bomba centr?fuga utilizada em sistemas de BCS
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Saleh, Ramy Moaness M. "Experimental Testing of an Electrical Submersible Pump Undergoing Abrasive Slurry Erosion." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149353.
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The Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) manufactured by Baker Hughes, model no. WJE-1000 is designed for wells that are expected to have a high content of abrasive solids. It is a mixed flow, tandem compression type pump. Although the erosion of the pump diffuser and impeller stages are significant, the ESP study shows that the most sever failure is due to components that affect the pump’s rotor dynamics such as radial bearings and impeller seals when eroded with 100 mesh sand. Erosion of these seals will result in an internal leakage that can significantly affect stage pressure rise, efficiency, power consumption, vibration, pump life and running cost.
The erosion study utilizing 100 mesh fracture sand at 0.2% concentration, with the pump operating at 3600 RPM, 40 PSI intake pressure, 1150 GPM for over 117 hours comparisons are made to the pump’s baseline performance. Measurements of the rotor bearings, impeller seals and their corresponding stators showed that the wear patterns generally increase with time and differ by location. Stage 1 bearings and seals suffered the least amount of erosion and stage 3 rotor components suffered the most erosion. The maximum change in stage 3 bearing clearances was 223% and the maximum change in stage 3 impeller seal clearances was 300%. Performance wise the total pump efficiency dropped by 6.77%, the total pressure rise dropped by 6.3%, the pump’s best efficiency point decreased by 0.78%, and the power consumption increased by 0.49%. Pump vibration patterns also changed with time and by location. The maximum shaft orbit diameter was at stage 3 and it grew 643% in diameter after 117 hours of erosion. The waterfall plots of the pump’s ramp up changed significantly with time. After 117 hours at 3600 RPM, sub-synchronous oscillations at 67% of the synchronous speed dominated the amplitude peaks showing that the rotor vibration locked with the rotor’s first natural frequency at around 2500 RPM. After 117 hours, another sub-synchronous started showing a peak at the rotor’s second natural frequency at 1500 RPM.
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Ozkentli, Esra. "High Frequency Effects of Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) on Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) Systems." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11711.
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Variable frequency drives (VFD) and subsea (umbilical) cables are frequently used in electrical submersible pump (ESP) systems for offshore platforms. There are two basic system configurations for ESP systems; VFD can be installed on the platform and the motor is connected to it through an umbilical cable, and VFD and the motor are installed closely and they are connected to the system through an umbilical cable.
In this thesis, the pros and cons of each configuration are mentioned, but the focus is on the system with a VFD controlled motor through a long umbilical cable. A 36-pulse VFD is studied. Since multilevel VFDs have high frequency harmonics, high frequency modeling of the umbilical cable is used, and skin effect is also taken into consideration in the cable. The effect of the interactions between the umbilical cable and high frequency harmonics on the motor terminal voltage is explored.
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Rasmy, Marsis Emanuel 1983. "CFD Simulation and Experimental Testing of Multiphase Flow Inside the MVP Electrical Submersible Pump." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148052.
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The MVP is a special type of Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) manufactured by Baker Hughes, model no. G470, and is capable of handling multiphase flow up to 70% Gas Volume Fraction (GVF). Flows at high GVF cause conventional ESPs to surge. However, the special design of the impeller blades of the MVP ESP enables it to handle higher GVF. Dynamic behavior of the multiphase flow is studied experimentally and theoretically for this pump for the first time. In this work, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of an entire pump and detailed experimental analysis are performed.
Meshing and CFD simulations are performed using the commercially available software ANSYS Fluent. An experimental facility has been designed and constructed to test the pump at different operating conditions. The pump is modeled and tested at two speeds; 3300 and 3600 rpm, using air-water mixtures with GVFs of 0, 5, 10, 25, 32 and 35%. The flow loop is controlled to produce different suction pressures up to 300psi. Pump pressure head is used to validate the CFD model for both single and two phase flows. Single phase CFD model was validated at 100 psi inlet pressure, while two phase models were validated at 200 psi inlet pressure. CFD simulations can predict the behavior of the pump at different speeds, flow rates, GVFs, and inlet pressures. Different diffuser designs are studied and simulated to improve the multistage pump performance. Enhanced diffuser designs increased the pump pressure head to up to 3.2%.
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Kirkland, Klayton 1965. "Design and Fabrication of a Vertical Pump Multiphase Flow Loop." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148339.
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A new centrifugal pump has been devised to handle two-phase flow. However, it requires full scale testing to allow further development. Testing is required to verify performance and to gain information needed to apply this design in the field. Further, testing will allow mathematical models to be validated which will allow increased understanding of the pump's behavior. To perform this testing, a new facility was designed and constructed.
This facility consists of a closed flow loop. The pump is supplied by separate air and water inlet flows that mix just before entering the pump. These flows can be controlled to give a desired gas volume fraction and overall flow rate. The pump outlet flows into a tank which separates the fluids allowing them to re-circulate. Operating inlet pressures of up to three hundred PSIG will be used with a flow rate of twelve hundred gallons per minute. A two-hundred fifty horsepower electric motor is used to power the pump.
The loop is equipped with instrumentation to measure temperature, pressure, flow rate, pump speed, pump shaft horsepower, shaft torque, and shaft axial load. The pump itself has a clear inlet section and a clear section allowing visualization of the second stage volute interior as well as numerous pressure taps along the second stage volute. This instrumentation is sufficient to completely characterize the pump.
Design and construction details are provided as well as a history of the initial operating experiences and data collected. A discussion of lessons learned is given in the conclusions. Future projects intended to use this facility are also given. Finally, detailed design drawings are supplied as well as operating instructions and checklists.
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Carvajal, Diaz Nicolas 1985. "Effects of Sand on the Components and Performance of Electric Submersible Pumps." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148062.
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The increasing world demand for oil has pushed oil companies to extract it from the ocean at extreme depths. With the increase in depth comes an increase in operation costs, especially the deep-sea equipment changeover cost. To be able to push the oil to the ocean surface, Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) are commonly used as artificial lift. The changeover cost of these pumps in deep-water has been estimated to sometimes be as much as forty times the cost of a new pump.
One common reason for the failure of ESPs is the erosion and abrasion created by the fine sands that seep through the gravel pack mesh in the well hole. These fine sand particles are most destructive to the bearings and bushings due to their capability to enter the clearances lubricated by the pumped fluid. Over time, the sustained abrasion and erosion in the different components of the ESP will affect the performance of the pump and could lead to its damage.
This work describes the design, construction and evaluation of an erosion test rig built at the facilities of the Turbomachinery Laboratory in Texas A&M University. The test rig is capable of introducing 100 mesh (6 mil) sand into the flow loop, measure its concentration and separate it at the exit with minimal water loss.
The pump under study is a Baker Hughes 10.25" WJE1000. The performance of the pump is described by measuring the head, flow rate, power and efficiency. The pump is equipped with accelerometers to detect the casing vibration as well as proximity probes in five locations along the pump to detect the internal vibrations of the shaft near the bearings as well as impeller radial movement. The baseline data, to be used for comparison with the worn out pump, has been shown and recommendations for the study method and operation of the rig are given.
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Wan-ChengChiu and 邱萬成. "A research on the production and quality management of Submersible Pumps in Taiwan- A case study of Company A." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nr37rv.
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碩士國立成功大學
高階管理碩士在職專班(EMBA)
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A research on the production and quality management of Submersible Pumps inTaiwan- A case study of Company A Wan-Cheng Chiu Hsin-Hong Kang Executive Master of Business Administration Summary The scope of the thesis aims about the domestic Submersible Pump firms, using the case study method. The thesis finds that it is good for a domestic Submersible Pump firm to have a good quality management system to help the operation management process and production performance. Therefore, the findings point out that a good quality management system such as ISO 9001 does help these Submersible Pump firms to enhance their Competitiveness and brand image, as well as the Customer Relationship Management in the long term. Keywords: Submersible Pump, Operation Management, Quality Management, Customer Relationship Management Introduction Under the more and more competitive environment, the related firms of Taiwan should take product development and do great operation and quality management to maintain a positive brand image and good customer relationship management. The study aims at the domestic Submersible Pump industry and analyzes how to make the production well and do a good quality management. The main objectives of the thesis list as followings: 1.How do the domestic Submersible Pump manufacturers properly manage their production operation? 2.How do the domestic Submersible Pump manufacturers make a quality management system and enhance their competitiveness? 3.How do the domestic Submersible Pump manufacturers set output performance indicators of production and quality management? Materials and Methods The study mainly discusses the operation and quality management system for the Submersible Pump manufacturers. Company A had imported ISO 9001 system experience, so it refers to the relevant quality management program book of Company A , and related industry research or reports, the relevant government department forms and other secondary data, etc., using literature data analysis in order to avoid possible adverse interaction interview process, as well as to collect a lot of related literatures to improve the verifiability of this study and do a comparison, taking on in-depth case study analysis and discussion. So the main method of this thesis is case study of a domestic Submersible Pump firm- Company A. By the relevant literature, interviews of managers and about 40 customers of Company A are conducted to explore how company A learns from their customers to make a good brand image and product quality indicators. The thesis has the some major research findings as followings. Results and Discussion Observing company A experience of building up the quality management system, the introduction of ISO 9001 of PDCA spirit and positive cycle, from the senior management commitment to quality policies and every employee for building its unique quality management system, standard operating procedures, basic awareness training for each authorized personnel, regular review meetings, internal audits, management review meetings and annual fixed meetings. There is a rigorous, reliable, and continuous improvement of management tracking processes, thereby building its high output performance and good quality reputation of image, as well as for its pre-and after-sales service, delivery time all have a good control of the brand image. It also matches the need of the customers who most emphasize on these factors to make a good recycling effect. And for the customers, it is important to focus on the quality service, accurate delivery time and other service or technology factor; in addition, the price is the most important factor that the customers care about. So for related Submersible Pump manufacturers, how to further combine their standard operating procedures, add new product development in quality management, and reduce production costs are the issues the domestic Submersible Pump manufacturers could rethink about. The main research findings are listed as followings: 1.For a Submersible Pump manufacturer, constructing a complete operation management process and requirement is positive to the output results of its product quality. 2.For a Submersible Pump manufacturer, a good quality management system helps the production performance and enhances the brand image. 3.For a Submersible Pump manufacturer, it should pay attention to the relevant customer response, and thus enhance the quality of its output and its competitiveness. Conclusion From the findings of the case study, it points out that a good quality management system such as ISO 9001 does help these Submersible Pump firms to enhance their entire operation management, the competitiveness and brand image, and customer relationship management (CRM) in the long term. And from the results of the thesis, you could realize that for the Submersible Pump manufacturer, the price is one of the most important factors, and the related companies should be possible to make the manufacturing process be considered to balance both price and quality, or to take the best value for Price / Performance Ratio (C / P value). It means that for a Submersible Pump manufacturer that quality is not the only factor that the customers care about. So the related firms could set a high, medium and low three basic different prices to segment sales of different consumer groups, and strengthen the entire company's marketing force. In addition, it could start from the perspective of how these customers care about the technical indicators, develop better quality and prices to be more competitive, and continue to maintain the market leader position. Those are all the key issues for company’s future sustainable development.