Relevant bibliographies by topics / Submerged soil

Academic literature on the topic 'Submerged soil'

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Published: 1 April 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Submerged soil"

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Demas, G. P. "Submerged Soils: A New Frontier in Soil Survey." Soil Horizons 34, no. 2 (1993): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sh1993.2.0044.

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Matsuzawa, Hiroshi, Isao Ishibashi, and Makoto Kawamura. "Dynamic Soil and Water Pressures of Submerged Soils." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 111, no. 10 (October 1985): 1161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1985)111:10(1161).

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Sharma, P. K., and R. M. Bhagat. "Undisturbed soil-core sampler for submerged puddled soils." Soil Technology 4, no. 3 (September 1991): 315–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0933-3630(91)90009-c.

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Gao, Jianmin, and Huidong Qi. "Soil Throwing Experiments for Reverse Rotary Tillage at Various Depths, Travel Speeds, and Rotational Speeds." Transactions of the ASABE 60, no. 4 (2017): 1113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.12076.

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Abstract. Submerged reverse rotary tillage was presented decades ago as a way to save energy in deep tillage, but its application was limited because it throws the tilled soil forward. The forward-thrown soil gets re-tilled, resulting in wasted energy. To understand the soil throwing process during reverse rotary tillage, a theoretical soil throwing model was established, but that model was investigated by few tests. How soil is thrown by a submerged reverse rotary tillage system is, as yet, not clear. To optimally design a submerged reverse rotary tiller, it is necessary to reveal how soil is thrown by rotary blades operating in the reverse direction. In this study, a high-speed imaging system was used to track reverse rotary tilled soil particles. Trails of soil particles from the top and middle layers of tilling were computed by regression methods. Furthermore, the original soil throwing angles and the maximum soil throwing heights were acquired by the regression equations. Experimental results revealed that the depth of the rotor shaft strongly influenced the backward-thrown soil ratio, but the travel speed and rotational speed only slightly influenced the backward-thrown soil ratio. The average original soil throwing angle decreased with rotor depth. The soil clods in the top layer had a stronger backward trend. Furthermore, a soil throwing model of reverse rotary tillage is proposed. By applying this model, some phenomena (e.g., the ratio of backward-thrown soil to forward-thrown soil at varying rotor depths) could be interpreted. Test results indicated that the assumption that tilled soil clods would be thrown along their crack direction in a reverse tillage system may be reasonable. Keywords: Rotary tiller, Rotor shaft submerged depth, Soil throwing, Speed, Submerged reverse rotary tillage.
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Priatmadi, Bambang Joko, and Abdul Haris. "Reaksi Pemasaman Senyawa Pirit pada Tanah Rawa Pasang Surut." JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.19-24.

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Most of swamp soils in tidal land are Acid Sulfate Soils. Acid sulfate soils are the common name given to soils containing iron sulfides (pyrite). The soils are characterized by very low pH and high amount of soluble S and Fe, resulted from oxidation of pyrite when soils are drained. This study was aimed to determine acidity pattern, iron and sulfate solubility as the impact of the length time of oxidized, the effect of inhibitors application to acidity rate of sulfidic materials and top soils. The materials are: (1) soils at pyritic layer (sulfidic materials) and (2) soils at 0 – 20 cm from soil surface. Soils is sampled at Barambai reclaimed area, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province. In the laboratory soils treated with some ameliorants, that are silica, phosphate and lime applied with dosage 2 t ha-1 with 3 replications times. The soils incubated for 2 weeks under submerged condition. After soil incubation, soil exposed to the air for 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks. Parameters of soil analysis include pH, sulfate and iron soluble. Results of this study showed that (1) soil acidity rate of sulfidic materials more faster than upper soils when soils and sulfidic materials oxidized intensively, (2) at submerged soil condition or high soil water content, the application of ameliorants effective increasing the soil pH of the upper soils, (3) at further oxidized soil condition or lower soil water content, the application of ameliorants inhibited acidity rate of soils and sulfidic materials, and (4) at further oxidized soil condition or lower soil water content, the application of ameliorants increased iron solubility of soils and sulfidic materials.
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Pezzolesi, T. P., R. E. Zartman, M. G. Hickey, and M. A. Barnes. "Comparison of soil sampling devices used for sampling submerged soils." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 26, no. 15-16 (September 1995): 2621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103629509369472.

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Singh, N. S., I. Mukherjee, and E. Varghese. "Assessing influences of farmyard manure addition, elevated CO2, soil sterilization, soil types, and soil moisture on clothianidin dissipation kinetics." Journal of Environmental Biology 44, no. 2 (March 13, 2023): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/44/2/mrn-4044.

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Aim: To investigate the effects of farmyard manure addition, elevated CO2, soil sterilization, dry conditions, field-capacity conditions, and submerged conditions on clothianidin dissipation from the soil, as well as the effects of different pH levels, namely, pH 4.0, 7.0, and 9.2, on its dissipation from the aqueous solutions. Methodology: Samples were processed by the QuEChERS method from the soil and the dipping and shaking method from the aqueous solution, and then analyzed by Shimadzu HPLC-PDA. Results: The results revealed that clothianidin dissipation from soil and aqueous solution best fit first-order kinetics, with the coefficient of determination r2 value < 0.90. In the soil, varying clothianidin dissipation was recorded with significant impact and their decreasing dissipation rate was as follows: submerged conditions (t1/2103.7–107.5 days) > elevated CO2 (t1/2115.7–143.3 days) > farmyard manure addition (t1/2130.8–150.5 days) > field-capacity conditions (t1/2158.4–215.0 days) > dry conditions (t1/2250.8–334.4 days) > soil sterilization (t1/2342.0–376.2 days). In the aqueous solution, clothianidin dissipation was slow at pH 4.0 (t1/2430 days) but fast at pH 9.2 (t1/2273.6 d days). Interpretation: The findings suggest that clothianidin dissipation could be positively affected by FYM addition, elevated CO2, soil sterilization, dry conditions, field-capacity conditions, submerged conditions, and aqueous pH level in all the treatments. This information would help gain a better understanding of clothianidin dissipation in the environment for good agricultural practices,proper risk assessment, and monitoring guidelines. Key words: Aerobic-anaerobic degradation, Microbial activity, Organic carbon content, Persistence half-life period
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Katyal, J. C., L. S. Holt, and A. M. Gadalla. "A Method to Determine Soil-Entrapped Denitrification Products in Submerged Soils." Soil Science Society of America Journal 53, no. 1 (January 1989): 296–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300010054x.

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Sadan, U. S., and M. S. Bajwa. "Manganese equilibrium in submerged sodic soils as influenced by application of gypsum and green manuring." Journal of Agricultural Science 104, no. 2 (April 1985): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600043896.

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SummaryA pot experiment studied the effect of gypsum and green manuring on equilibrium soil solution pH, pE, Mn concentration and Mn equilibrium in three sodic soils. Submergence decreased soil solution pH and increased Mn concentration in all the soils. Addition of gypsum with green manure further decreased soil solution pH and increased Mn concentration. Maximum Mn concentration in all the treatments was observed at 4 weeks of submergence in Kaheru soil and at 6 weeks of submergence in Jagjitpur and Langrian soil followed by a decline up to 12 weeks. In spite of wide variations in pH, pE and Mn concentration in soil solutions, the solubility of Mn after peak values appeared to be mainly controlled by the MnC03-Mn2+ system irrespective of the treatments, and the Mn2O3-Mn3O4 system appeared to operate after 2 weeks of submergence in the control and gypsum-treated soils.
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Kirchhof, G., and H. B. So. "Soil puddling for rice production under glasshouse conditions—its quantification and effect on soil physical properties." Soil Research 43, no. 5 (2005): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr04068.

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The effect of soil puddling on soil physical properties of 3 different textured soils (clay, loam, and silty loam) and growth of rice (Oryza sativa) on these soils was investigated under glasshouse conditions. Puddling intensity was expressed as the ratio of soil volume subjected to the puddling implement and the total soil volume in the puddled layer, thus integrating the effects of speed and time of the puddling operation. This parameter was well related to soil dispersion, bulk density, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. However, following prolonged periods of submerged conditions during rice growth, saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased with a decrease in soil dispersion, in contrast to an expected reduction in saturated hydraulic conductivity with increased dispersion. There was indication that continuous waterlogging reduced the effect of soil puddling, in particular on heavy-textured soils.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Submerged soil"

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Grace, Kevin. "Phosphorus removal and soil stability within emergent and submerged vegetation communities in treatment wetlands." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0001219.

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Charonko, Cami Marie. "Evaluation of an In Situ Measurement Technique for Streambank Critical Shear Stress and Soil Erodibility." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33401.

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The multiangle submerged jet test device (JTD) provides a simple in situ method of measuring streambank critical shear stress (Ï c) and soil erodibility (kd). Previous research showed streambank kd and Ï c can vary by up to four orders of magnitude at a single site; therefore, it is essential to determine if the large range is due to natural variability in soil properties or errors due to the test method. The study objectives were to evaluate the repeatability of the JTD and determine how it compares to traditional flume studies.

To evaluate the repeatability, a total of 21 jet tests were conducted on two remolded soils, a clay loam and clay, compacted at uniform moisture content to a bulk density of 1.53 g/cm^3 and 1.46 g/cm^3, respectively. To determine the similarity between JTD and a traditional measurement method, JTD Ï c and kd measurements were compared with measurements determined from flume tests.

The JTD kd and Ï c ranged from 1.68-2.81 cm^3/N-s and 0.28-0.79 Pa, respectively, for the clay loam and 1.36-2.69 cm^3/N-s and 0.30-2.72 Pa, respectively, for the clay. The modest variation of kd and Ï c for the remolded soils suggests the JTD is repeatable, indicating the wide range of parameters measured in the field was a result of natural soil variability. The JTD median kd and Ï c, except clay loam kd (clay loam kd = 2.31 cm^3/N-s, Ï c = 0.45 Pa; clay kd = 2.18 cm^3/N-s, Ï c = 1.10 Pa) were significantly different than the flume values (clay loam kd = 2.43 cm^3/N-s, Ï c = 0.23 Pa; clay kd = 4.59 cm^3/N-s, Ï c = 0.16 Pa); however, considering the range of potential errors in both test methods, the findings indicate the multiangle submerged jet test provides reasonable measurement of erosion parameters in a field setting.
Master of Science

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Weidner, Katherine Lourene. "Evaluation of the Jet Test Method for determining the erosional properties of Cohesive Soils; A Numerical Approach." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72983.

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Estimates of bank erosion typically require field measurements to determine the soil erodibility since soil characteristics are highly variable between sites, especially for cohesive soils. The submerged jet test device is an in situ method of determining the critical shear stress and soil erodibility of cohesive soils. A constant velocity jet, applied perpendicular to the soil surface, creates a scour hole which is measured at discrete time intervals. While the results of these tests are able to provide values of critical shear stress and soil erodibility, the results are often highly variable and do not consider certain aspects of scour phenomena found in cohesive soils. Jet test measurements taken on the lower Roanoke River showed that the results varied for samples from similar sites and bulk failures of large areas of soil were common on the clay banks.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can be used to determine the effect of scour hole shape changes on the applied shear stress. Previous calculation methods assumed that the depth of the scour hole was the only parameter that affected the applied shear stress. The analysis of the CFD models showed that depth did heavily influence the maximum shear stress applied to the soil boundary. However, the scour hole shape had an impact on the flow conditions near the jet centerline and within the scour hole. Wide, shallow holes yielded results that were similar to the flat plate, therefore it is recommended that field studies only use jet test results from wide, shallow holes to determine the coefficient of erodibility and the critical shear stress of cohesive soils.


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Bartens, Julia. "Trees and Structural Soil as a Stormwater Management System in Urban Settings." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36081.

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Urban runoff continues to impair water quality and there is an increasing need for stormwater management within the limited confines of urban spaces. We propose a system of structural soil and trees that can be incorporated beneath pavement. Structural soil has a high load-bearing capacity yet is engineered to support tree root growth. Stormwater is directed into a structural soil reservoir below the pavement where tree roots can also thrive.

Two container experiments evaluated tree function in this system. We examined whether tree roots can grow into compacted subsoils and if root penetration increases soil infiltration rate. Quercus velutina, Acer rubrum, and a no-tree variant were planted in 26.5 L (7 gal) containers and the rootballs surrounded by compacted clay loam. Roots grew into all layers of the compacted soil. Infiltration rate increased by 63% (+/-2%) compared to no-tree containers. A second experiment evaluated water uptake and tree development in fluctuating water tables. Quercus bicolor and Fraxinus pennsylvanica were planted in 94.6 L (25 gal) containers with structural soils (either Stalite or CU® Structural Soil). Trees were subjected to fluctuating water tables simulating infiltration rates of 2, 1, and 0.1 cm/hr for two growing seasons.

Trees thrived in all infiltration regimes but roots were shallower in slowly drained treatments. Trees grew best and transpired the highest water volume with moderate infiltration. Even if trees uptake only small volumes of water, increased canopy size compared to conventional plantings (because of greater penetrable soil volume) allows greater rainfall interception thus decreasing runoff.


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Nobrega, Gabriel Nuto. "Subaqueous soils of the Brazilian seagrass meadows: biogeochemistry, genesis, and classification." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-26102017-143348/.

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Seagrass meadows, or submerged aquatic vegetation, constitute an ecosystem with great importance to the coastal zone, and may be characterized as the most productive ecosystem on Earth. In addition to the provision of habitat for a wide variety of species, protection of the coastal zone and production of organic matter base for the marine trophic web, these environments have been recognized for their great capacity to store organic carbon in their soils and are, therefore, a priority area for the mitigation of increased carbon in the atmosphere. In spite of the great importance of these areas, there is little information about the soils of these ecosystems, mainly using an approach based on the genesis of its soils. Thus, this thesis covers 4 chapters aiming to: (i) evaluate changes in the characteristics of seagrass meadows publications in the last 50 years, identify knowledge gaps and priorities for future studies; (ii) to discuss the paradoxical lack of information on Brazilian seagrass meadows soils, stimulate studies to understand their characteristics and contribute to the correct inclusion of seagrass meadows soils in the Brazilian System for Soil Classification; (iii) characterize and investigate soils of seagrass meadows along the Brazilian coast, in order to understand the pedogenetic processes within these soils; and (iv) identify variations in the biogeochemical processes related to the dynamics of Fe, Mn and S along the Brazilian coast, aiming to provide an improved basis for the understanding of this ecosystem and subsidies for the use and protection policies of these coastal areas.
As pradarias marinhas (seagrasses), ou vegetação aquática submersa, constituem um ecossistema de grande importância para a zona costeira, caracterizando-se como o ecossistema mais produtivo da Terra. Além de fornecer habitat para uma grande variedade de espécies, favorecer a estabilidade costeira e produzir matéria orgânica base para a teia trófica marinha, estes ambientes têm sido reconhecidos pela grande capacidade de armazenar carbono orgânico em seus solos e são, portanto, prioritários para as medidas de mitigação do aumento de carbono na atmosfera. Apesar da grande importância desse ecossitema, há pouca informação a respeito dos solos onde estes ecossistemas estão inseridos, principalmente utilizando uma abordagem baseada na gênese dos solos. Esta tese contempla 4 capítulos cujos objetivos visam avaliar as mudanças nas características das publicações sobre pradarias marinhas nos últimos 50 anos, identificando lacunas de conhecimentos e prioridades para estudos futuros; discutir a paradoxal ausência de informação sobre os solos das pradarias marinhas do Brasil, estimulando estudos para o entendimento de suas características e contribuindo para a correta inclusão de solos de pradarias marinhas no Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de solos; caracterizar e investigar os solos das pradarias marinhas ao longo da costa brasileira, com vistas a entender os processos pedogenéticos atuantes nestes solos; e Identificar variações nos processos biogeoquímicos relacionados à dinâmica de Fe, Mn e S ao longo da costa brasileira, com a finalidade de fornecer base para o entendimento deste ecossistema e subsídios para as políticas de proteção e de uso destas áreas costeiras.
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Newbolt, Chad Haynes Hepp Gary R. "Environmental parameters related to growth of submersed aquatic vegetation in the lower Mobile Delta, Alabama." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Fall/Thesis/NEWBOLT_CHAD_22.pdf.

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Chen, Kuan-Hong, and 陳寬鴻. "Wave and Soil Pore-Pressure Transformation due to Submerged Porous Breakwater." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49225494684430456941.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系
93
The purpose of this research is aims at considering that the sea bed is a bottom bed of the sand quality, the wave characteristic and its change of the soil hole pressure of sand quality caused that the wave passed the submerged permeable breakwater in this study. Set up six kinds of submerged breakwaters where different height and width change on the horizontal sand quality bottom bed in the experiment, geometry of each kind of submerged breakwater to arrange the wave condition of matching with 16 kinds of different periods and a high variety. The main measurement item is high for wave to distribute and the hole pressure changes. The experimental result shows, when the height or width of submerged breakwater are larger, the reflecting rate of wave increases, the wave is high and opposite is lower behind the breakwater, the transmission rate descends, so its energy loses bigger, and the sharp degree of wave is also lost with energy into a positive correlation trend, when the relative submerged breakwater is smaller in height (h/d=0.5), Changing the submerged breakwater to lift the width and the sharp degree, decreasing amount difference is diminished. Study to find, the amplitude reduce after the wave passed submerged breakwater, and base energy decay range than two amplitude, cause a form presented wave crest appearances of line. As for the variety of the soil hole pressure of the sand quality, its characteristic is roughly the same as wave field, only the influence that the hole pressure is covered by the bottom bed of the sand quality, the non-linear effect is decreased, the amplitude of pressure is distributed on the main frequency.
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CHANG, JIE-CHENG, and 張傑誠. "The Spatial Distribution of Iron and Cadmium in a Submerged soil under the Influence of Rice Roots." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66565347196603514161.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
農業化學研究所
104
When a soil is under submerging condition, the water layer above the soil cuts off the oxygen supplying from the air. As a consequence, anaerobic respiration of soil microbial drives the occurrence of a series of reduction reactions. The excretion of oxygen from rice roots result in the oxidized condition in the rice rhizosphere, which may result in a redox gradient from rice rhizosphere to bulk soil. Therefore, it is hypothesized that this redox gradient may lead to the spatial distribution of iron and cadmium between rice rhizosphere and bulk soils, and subsequently affect their uptakes by rice roots. Soil incubation and rhizobox experiments were applied to the study the concentration of iron and cadmium in soil solution as a function of time, and the spatial distributions of iron and cadmium in soil solution, respectively. The results of soil incubation experiment showed that the concentration of ferrous ion in soil solution increased with the time of submergence, while the concentration of cadmium decreased gradually. The difference between the redox conditions in the rhizosphere and bulk soils induced the accumulation of iron in the rhizosphere of rice. The linear combination fitting (LCF) results of Fe k-edge XANES spectra of the soil samples shows that the formation of lepidocrocite in the rhizosphere (63.1 %) was higher than that in the corresponding bulk soil (45.7 %). Accordingly, ferrous ions were oxidized in the rice rhizosphere, leading to precipitation of Fe in the rice rhizosphere, On the other hand, the decrease of Cd concentration in soil solutions from the bulk to rhizosphere soils indicated the absorption of cadmium by ferric hydroxides. In addition, the concentration of sulfate in the rice rhizosphere was higher than the counterpart in the bulk. This indicates that the oxidation of reduced S species (e.g., CdS) in rice rhizosphere may be responsible for the release of Cd, which was then absorbed by rice roots.
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Hedges, Joseph Delbert. "The scour of cohesive soils by an inclined submerged water jet." Thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/28515.

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"Post-Installation of High Density Polyethylene Pipe Submerged in Saturated Silty Soils." Doctoral diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.15109.

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abstract: The thesis examines how high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe installed by horizontal directional drilling (HDD) and traditional open trench (OT) construction techniques behave differently in saturated soil conditions typical of river crossings. Design fundamentals for depth of cover are analogous between HDD and OT; however, how the product pipe is situated in the soil medium is vastly different. This distinction in pipe bedding can produce significant differences in the post installation phase. The research was inspired by several incidents involving plastic pipe installed beneath rivers by HDD where the pipeline penetrated the overburden soil and floated to the surface after installation. It was hypothesized that pipes installed by HDD have a larger effective volume due to the presence of low permeability bentonite based drilling fluids in the annular space on completion of the installation. This increased effective volume of the pipe increases the buoyant force of the pipe compared to the same product diameter installed by OT methods, especially in situations where the pipe is installed below the ground water table. To simulate these conditions, a real-scale experiment was constructed to model the behavior of buried pipelines submerged in saturated silty soils. A full factorial design was developed to analyze scenarios with pipe diameters of 50, 75, and 100 mm installed at varying depths in a silty soil simulating an alluvial deposition. Contrary to the experimental hypothesis, pipes installed by OT required a greater depth of cover to prevent pipe floatation than similarly sized pipe installed by HDD. The results suggested that pipes installed by HDD are better suited to survive changing depths of cover. In addition, finite element method (FEM) modeling was conducted to understand soil stress patterns in the soil overburden post-installation. Maximum soil stresses occurring in the soil overburden between post-OT and HDD installation scenarios were compared to understand the pattern of total soil stress incurred by the two construction methods. The results of the analysis showed that OT installation methods triggered a greater total soil stress than HDD installation methods. The annular space in HDD resulted in less soil stress occurring in the soil overburden. Furthermore, the diameter of the HDD annular space influenced the soil stress that occurred in the soil overburden, while the density of drilling fluids did not vastly affect soil stress variations. Thus, the diameter of the annular space could impact soil stress patterns in HDD installations post-construction. With these findings engineers and designers may plan, design, and construct more efficient river-crossing projects.
Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Construction 2012
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Books on the topic "Submerged soil"

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Michael, Torresan, McArthur William, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Stability of submerged slopes on the flanks of the Hawaiian Islands, a simplified approach. [Reston, Va.]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994.

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Hedges, Joseph Delbert. The scour of cohesive soils by an inclined submerged water jet. Springfield, Va: Available from the National Technical Information Service, 1990.

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KIRK, G. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF SUBMERGED SOILS. JOHN WILEY AND SONS LTD, 2004.

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Kirk, Guy. Biogeochemistry of Submerged Soils. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2004.

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Kirk, Guy. Biogeochemistry of Submerged Soils. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2007.

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Kirk, Guy, and G. Kirk. Biogeochemistry of Submerged Soils. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2004.

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Kirk, Guy. The Biogeochemistry of Submerged Soils. Wiley, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Submerged soil"

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Gilmour, J. T., and P. M. Gale. "Chemistry of Metals and Trace Elements in a Submerged Soil." In The Ecology and Management of Wetlands, 279–92. New York, NY: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8378-9_24.

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Gilmour, J. T., and P. M. Gale. "Chemistry of Metals and Trace Elements in a Submerged Soil." In The Ecology and Management of Wetlands, 279–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7392-6_24.

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Van Holm, L., G. Senviratne, C. Puype, S. Bowatte, and U. Ratnayake. "Effect of straw incorporation on soil N-pool in submerged rice." In Biological Nitrogen Fixation Associated with Rice Production, 31–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8670-2_4.

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Rui, Huang. "Modified Pseudo-dynamic Method for Seismic Passive Earth Thrust of Submerged Backfill." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Advances in Soil Dynamics and Foundation Engineering, 478–87. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0131-5_52.

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Cheng, W., K. Chander, and K. Inubushi. "Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on methane production and emission from submerged soil microcosm." In Methane Emissions from Major Rice Ecosystems in Asia, 339–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0898-3_29.

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Sadana, U. S., and D. S. Chahal. "Iron availability, electrochemical changes and nutrient content of rice as influenced by green manuring in a submerged soil." In Iron Nutrition in Soils and Plants, 105–9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0503-3_15.

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Noguchi, Akira, Isao Hasegawa, Fumie Shinmachi, and Jinya Yazaki. "Possibility of copper deficiency and impediment in ripening in rice from application of crop residues in submerged soil." In Plant Nutrition for Sustainable Food Production and Environment, 799–800. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0047-9_257.

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Huntley, Brian John. "The Mangrove Biome." In Ecology of Angola, 383–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18923-4_17.

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AbstractThe cold Benguela Current passing along Angola’s Atlantic Ocean coast accounts for its mangrove communities lying 20° latitude north of those of the Indian Ocean Coast of Africa, bathed by the warm Mozambique Current. This chapter draws on the limited literature available on Angola’s mangrove forests and seagrass meadows that constitute its Mangrove Biome. Comprising only five of the world’s 55 mangrove species, and two of the world’s 70 species of seagrasses, Angola’s mangrove communities cover a very limited area compared with other tropical countries. This is due to Angola’s steeply shelving coastline, with small lagoons and mudflats at the mouths of its rivers. However, they provide excellent opportunities for the study of the complex adaptations of plants to regular changes in water salinity and to growth in waterlogged, anoxic soil. The adaptations include stilt roots, with specialised absorptive pores, roots containing porous aerenchyma tissue for oxygen transfer, and reproductive propagules that develop into seedlings while still attached to the tree. The mudflats of coastal lagoons support two species of seagrass (highly specialised angiosperms that are permanently submerged). Seagrass meadows provide habitat for a wide diversity of marine animals, while mangrove forests shelter several crocodile and primate species.
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Patrick, W. H. "Nitrogen Transformations in Submerged Soils." In Nitrogen in Agricultural Soils, 449–65. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr22.c12.

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Buresh, R. J., K. Ramesh Reddy, and Chris van Kessel. "Nitrogen Transformations in Submerged Soils." In Nitrogen in Agricultural Systems, 401–36. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr49.c11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Submerged soil"

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Tsai, Ching-Piao, Hong-Bin Chen, Dong-Sheng Jeng, and Kuan-Hong Chen. "Wave Transformation and Soil Response Due to Submerged Permeable Breakwater." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92088.

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This study reports the experimental results of the wave transformation and the wave-induced soil response when the waves pass through the submerged permeable breakwater. The model of the submerged breakwater was built on a horizontal sandy bottom. The experimental results of the spectrum of the wave transformation and the wave-induced pore-pressure are first analyzed in this paper. It is found that the wave spectrum is similar to the condition of the impermeable bottom that the higher harmonic mode appears when the waves pass over the submerged structure. However, the higher harmonic mode is not found in the spectrum of the wave-induced pore pressure, showing that the nonlinearity of the pore pressure is damped by the porous bed. The influences of the geometry of the submerged breakwater to the transformation of the wave height and the pore-pressure are also investigated. Based on the experimental results, the regression formulas for the coefficients of the wave reflection, the wave transmission and the wave energy dissipation are obtained in the paper.
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"Experimental research of submerged reverse rotary tiller in soil throwing." In 2014 ASABE Annual International Meeting. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.20141895344.

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Cho, Jinsung, Jason S. Lueke, and Samuel T. Ariaratnam. "Numerical Analysis of Submerged Soil Behavior in Pipeline Installations Crossing Rivers." In Pipelines 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413692.080.

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Kutter, Bruce L., Jui-Ching Chou, and Thaleia Travasarou. "Centrifuge Testing of the Seismic Performance of a Submerged Cut-and-Cover Tunnel in Liquefiable Soil." In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics Congress IV. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40975(318)204.

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Kanitz, Manuela, Juergen Grabe, Alice Hager, Christoph Goniva, and Christoph Kloss. "Numerical Investigations of the Extraction of Submerged Foundations by Coupled CFD-DEM." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61299.

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Offshore structures are founded on submerged foundations. The excavation of submerged foundations in the sea bed is a difficult task to accomplish when it comes to the decommissioning of these offshore structures. The extraction resistance is a lot higher than the pressure acting on the structure due to hydrostatic pressure, earth pressure and its self-weight. Once the extraction begins, a negative pore water pressure is created until inflowing pore water compensates this negative pore water pressure. This depression is hindering the extraction of the submerged foundation. Additionally, the resistance is dependent on the embedment depth of the structure, the soil properties as well as the extraction velocity, which influences the dimension of the negative pore water pressure. The numerical investigation of this dynamic problem is a limitation for continuum based approaches like the Finite Element Method (FEM) due to the occurring large deformations. These results from the soil bed failing under the movement of the structure and hence starting to flow. Additionally, in order to estimate the created depression, the investigation of the water-soil-interaction is crucial, as the change of the pore water pressure plays a significant role. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the behavior of the soil particles and the pore water pressure. In order to do this, a coupled Euler-Lagrange approach, namely the combination of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the Discrete Element Method (DEM), is used. In these simulations on one hand, the liquid phase, e.g. the water, is considered as a continuum, while on the other hand, for the solid phase, e.g. the soil, a particle representation is chosen. Hence, it is possible to compute the particle-particle — as well as the fluid-particle-interactions. The calculations are carried out with the open source software package CFDEMcoupling®, which combines the discrete element code LIGGGHTS® with CFD solvers based on OpenFOAM®. This paper introduces the coupled CFD-DEM approach to simulate the extraction of a submerged plate in the soil bed. In this work, the soil grains are idealized by spherical particles of different diameters. In order to consider effects of dilatancy and contractancy in the soil bed, different relative densities are investigated. Additionally, a variation of the extraction velocity of the plate is carried out to examine the dependence on the creation of negative pore water pressure. For each case, the extraction resistance is calculated. The flow velocity and the pressure distribution in the vicinity of the structure are analyzed.
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Li, Chunhui, Zhifeng Yang, Gordon Huang, and Yanpeng Cai. "Simulation of Pollutant Release from Submerged Soil in the New-Built Baohe Reservoir." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5163394.

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Karamigolbaghi, Maliheh, Seyed Mohammad Ghaneeizad, Joseph F. Atkinson, and Sean J. Bennett. "Experimental Design of the Submerged Jet Erosion Test for a Soil Erodibility Evaluation." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479872.035.

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Lin, M. L., F. S. Jeng, H. J. Wang, C. P. Wang, C. F. Chung, Daniel C. T. Yao, and S. J. Chan. "Response of Soil and a Submerged Tunnel During a Thrust Fault Offset Based on Model Experiment and Numerical Analysis." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71179.

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Observed from the earthquake disasters occurred over the decades in Taiwan, the deformation of near surface soil was the major cause lead to damages of underground structures or pipe lines; for instance, the damage of diversion tunnel of Shih-Kang Dam in Chichi earthquake is a typical case. To study the process of fault propagation as well as the associated soil and structure deformation during a fault offset event, model experiments of simulating thrust fault offset were set up, in which non-cohesive sands was adopted simulating near surface soil. The results, obtained from experiment studies and numerical analyses based on finite element method were then compared to further explore the behavior of soil, structure during faulting process. The soil deformation obtained from numerical analysis complies with the outcome from model experiments. In the near future, when conducting a risk evaluation for earthquake-induced damage on underground structure, a numerical stimulation can provides helpful quantity analysis and can serve as a handy tool for the earthquake resistance design.
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Lin, Ming-Lang, Fu-Shu Jeng, Tisan-Hwei Huang, Chun-Fu Chung, and Hung-Hwei Lee. "A Study on the Damage Degree of Shield Tunnels Submerged in Overburden Soil During the Thrust Fault Offset." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93345.

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When an under-lain thrust fault slips, especially triggered by earthquakes, the overburden soil may deform and fail so that a fault zone also develops inwardly. The research about the deformation and the failure of the overburden soil is an essential issue to evaluating the safety of ground or underground structures near the potential faulted zone. In this study, a MRT tunnel, closed to a thrust fault and fault dip 60 degree, is considered, both of the sandbox experiment and the numerical analyses are adopted to discuss the damage degree of a tunnel submerged in an overburden soil under the thrust faulting. In the numerical analyses, a small-scale model, simulation of the sandbox, is justified according to the experimental results and used to discuss the base behavior of the overburden soil. In addition, a full-scale model is used to evaluate the damage degree of tunnel segments by defining a dangerous factor. Moreover, considering the real behaviors of sand particles, the distinct element method is adopted as well. In the sandbox experiment, the results indicate that the development of the shear zone was apparently hindered by the existence of a model tunnel near the fault tip, and induced significant deformation of the tunnel. In addition, the results from numerical analyses, the finite element method and the distinct element method, are similar to the experimental results. The numerical analysis results of the full-scale model indicate that the damage degree is increased while the tunnel is close to the fault tip, and the footing wall is more dangerous than the hanging wall. The defined dangerous factor is able to reflect the damage degree of the tunnel. In the distinct element analysis, the full-scale model, it can be observed that a fault zone extends from the fault tip to the ground surface, but discussions on the distribution of stress and moment in the tunnel are not included and will be considered in the future study.
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Teixeira, Paulo, Marco Gonzalez, and Nicolas Lorenzo. "Effects of Soil-Pipe Interaction on the Global Buckling Response of Submarine Pipelines." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57264.

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At the moment, in eastern Venezuela several projects involving design, fabrication and installation of submarine pipelines from offshore platforms to onshore plants are being developed. These pipelines will be subjected to high pressure–high temperature conditions, which will cause relevant compressive forces in the pipeline as a consequence of restricted thermal expansion, generating that pipelines can suffer a global buckling. One of the most important factors in this buckling situation is the soil–pipe interaction. In this work, a numerical study of soil–pipe interaction and its effect on the global buckling response for a specific Venezuelan submarine pipeline using the Finite Element Method is presented. A 3D pipe–soil model using shell elements with contact elements for pipe-soil interface for three different pipelines cases is applied. This model has considered nonlinear behaviour for pipe material, loads and contact zones. The main results indicate that global buckling response of a pipeline under axial compressive load depends mainly of pipe-soil interaction, being the main variables: friction factor and submerged weight of pipe.
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