Academic literature on the topic 'Submerged low-Crested structures'
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Journal articles on the topic "Submerged low-Crested structures"
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Van den Bosch, Ilse, Erik Ten Oever, Pieter Bakker, and Markus Muttray. "STABILITY OF INTERLOCKING ARMOUR UNITS ON A BREAKWATER CREST." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 25, 2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.11.
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The hydraulic stability of single layer, interlocking armour units on low crested and submerged breakwaters was investigated in 2D hydraulic model tests. Displacements of armour units and rocking were monitored and have been applied as indicators for the armour layer stability on the crest, front and rear slope. The effect of freeboard, packing density and wave steepness on the armour layer stability have been investigated. The stability of interlocking concrete armour units on low crested and submerged structures is qualitatively different from rock armour. About 40% to 50% larger armour units are required on the seaward slope and crest of low crested structures (as compared to conventional high crested breakwaters). About 35% larger armour units are required on the rear slope. Larger armour units are not required on submerged breakwaters if the water depth on the crest exceeds 50% of design wave height.
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Koutrouveli, Theofano I., and Athanassios A. Dimas. "WAVE TRANSMISSION OVER LOW-CRESTED POROUS BREAKWATERS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.waves.15.
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Low-crested (LC) rubble mound breakwaters are used for coastal protection. The main advantage of these structures is their mild aesthetic impact on the natural environment. As the waves approach and transmit over these structures, significant hydrodynamic processes occur in their proximal area, such as wave breaking, wave reflection, wave overtopping and transmission (Garcia et al., 2004). Many researchers have studied the hydrodynamics of flow in the vicinity of such structures, as well as the influence of their geometrical characteristics on the flow field. However, in most studies, the structures are either emerged or submerged, while the case in which the crest level of the breakwaters is at the still water level (SWL) has to be further investigated.
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Hassanpour, Nasrin, Diego Vicinanza, and Pasquale Contestabile. "Determining Wave Transmission over Rubble-Mound Breakwaters: Assessment of Existing Formulae through Benchmark Testing." Water 15, no. 6 (March 14, 2023): 1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061111.
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Low-crested and submerged breakwaters are frequently employed as coastal defence structures. Their efficiency is governed by wave energy dissipation, and the wave transmission coefficient can evaluate this parameter. The current study conducts experimental investigations on both low-crested and submerged breakwaters exposed to different wave conditions to compare their performance with that of emerged breakwaters. The current study provides a comprehensive review of existing formulae and highlights the impact of design variables. To evaluate the reliability of each existing formula, four “reference” configurations are used. Having these structures at the same overall volume, the results also provide a useful tool for engineers involved in the lowering operation of existing breakwaters. Nature and magnitude of governing parameters are investigated, and some points of criticism are outlined. The comparison results show that few of the existing equations give reliable estimates of the transmission coefficient for all the models tested in this study. Higher values of root mean square error are related to the emerged breakwater rather than the submerged ones. To obtain information about the transmitted wave energy, spectral analysis is applied as well. Different behaviours of the transmitted spectrum, n terms of shape and peak frequency, are highlighted. The results improve the overall knowledge on formulae that are in the literature, in order to make the user more aware.
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Vanlishout, Valérie, Henk Jan Verhagen, and Peter Troch. "OBLIQUE WAVE TRANSMISSION THROUGH ROUGH IMPERMEABLE RUBBLE MOUND SUBMERGED BREAWATERS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (February 1, 2011): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.waves.22.
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There is a growing interest in the application of submerged rubble mound breakwaters as coastal defence structures. As their defensive ability highly depends on the amount of wave energy remaining at their lee side, the accurate prediction of the energy in the lee of such structures is of utmost importance. Past experiments have shown that the behaviour of rough permeable rubble mound structures under oblique wave attack was found to be significantly different from that of smooth impermeable low crested structures. This behavioural difference has led to the research objective of this present study which is to investigate oblique wave transmission by rough impermeable rubble mound submerged breakwaters using 3D physical model tests. This study intentionally uncouples two parameters, being the permeability of the core and the roughness of the breakwater. Analysing the data of this study shows that the permeability of the core has no visible influence on the structure's behaviour with respect to the influence of oblique wave attack. The fully permeable rough rubble mound breakwater behaves analogous to the fully impermeable rough rubble mound breakwater.
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Ahmad Fitriadhy, Sheikh Fakruradzi, Alamsyah Kurniawan, Nita Yuanita, and Anuar Abu Bakar. "3D Computational Fluid Dynamic Investigation on Wave Transmission behind Low-Crested Submerged Geo-Bag Breakwater." CFD Letters 15, no. 10 (August 29, 2023): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.15.10.1222.
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Wave transmission characteristics behind low-crested submerged breakwaters involve complex-hydrodynamic interaction of water waves on the structures. To properly comprehend the induced-nonlinear wave transformation, the problem necessitates a trustworthy prediction using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technique. The goal of this study is to develop a three-dimensional (3-D) computational model of the hydrodynamic performance of a narrow crest behind a submerged breakwater in order to gain a thorough understanding of the wave transmission coefficient, K_t. The simulation took into account a number of wave parameters such as wave steepness (H_i⁄L), relative submergence depth (H_i⁄h), and crest width (c_w⁄L) of the structure. A numerical wave flume model is included, which is based on the full Navier-Stokes solver and includes a shallow water model to account for nonlinearity in the incident wave field. In addition, laboratory measurements were also conducted using a geo-bag dike model as the main breakwater structure. The result shows that the reduction in transmission coefficient correlates highly with the wave steepness and the relative submergence and crest parameters. This can be attributed to most breaking waves over the submerged breakwater. The steeper the incident wave, the greater the reduction in the transmitted wave. And, the greater the principal dimensions of the breakwater, the greater the drop in transmission coefficient. For validation, the CFD results corroborate satisfactorily with measurements
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Galani, Konstantina A., and Athanassios A. Dimas. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE FLOW INDUCED BY WAVES IN THE VICINITY OF A DETACHED LOW-CRESTED (ZERO FREEBOARD) BREAKWATER." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.waves.14.
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The combined action of environmental forcing (waves, coastal currents, sediment transport, e.t.c.), the continuously decreasing supply of coastal areas with sediment from rivers, as well as the intense anthropogenic activity, results in the appearance of severe erosion problems in coastal areas and constantly decreasing beach width. A frequently used coastal protection measure is the construction of detached breakwaters parallel to the coastline. Detached breakwaters have a direct effect on the incoming waves, which contributes to the control of coastal sediment transport, hence the morphodynamics of the coastal bed. There are many examples of such structures, the majority of which are emerged breakwaters. Recently, interest has been directed towards the construction of low-crested (LC) and submerged breakwaters due to the reduced construction cost and a more effective harmonization with the natural environment. These structures are characterized by wave overtopping and breaking over their crest in addition to all other coastal processes that are involved with emerged breakwaters. For the proper design of such structures, one critical aspect is the behavior of the induced flow in their vicinity due to their presence. To this purpose, several studies have been carried out in recent years. In particular, Petti et al. (1994) studied experimentally the large scale vortices developed by waves breaking above a submerged breakwater. Mory and Hamm (1997) performed measurements of wave height, surface elevation and wave generated currents around a detached breakwater for incoming regular and irregular waves. Kramer et al. (2005) performed a series of experimental measurements in order to study the waves - LC structure interaction, in terms of flow velocity and turbulence developing around such structures within the European Project DE.LO.S. Garcia et al. (2004), Losada et al. (2005), Johnson et al. (2005) e.t.c. used the database created within the DE.LO.S. project to develop and validate numerical codes for the simulation of wave-induced flow around LC breakwaters. The aim of the present study was the experimental study of the flow developed by waves in the vicinity of an LC rubble mound breakwater with crest level at the water line (zero freeboard). The geometrical scale of the physical model was 1/30. The breakwater was placed on a beach of constant slope 1/15, which is typical of steep beaches in Greece.
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Kim, Taeyoon, Soonchul Kwon, and Yongju Kwon. "Prediction of Wave Transmission Characteristics of Low-Crested Structures with Comprehensive Analysis of Machine Learning." Sensors 21, no. 24 (December 8, 2021): 8192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248192.
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The adoption of low-crested and submerged structures (LCS) reduces the wave behind a structure, depending on the changes in the freeboard, and induces stable waves in the offshore. We aimed to estimate the wave transmission coefficient behind LCS structures to determine the feasible characteristics of wave mitigation. In addition, various empirical formulas based on regression analysis were proposed to quantitatively predict wave attenuation characteristics for field applications. However, inherent variability of wave attenuation causes the limitation of linear statistical approaches, such as linear regression analysis. Herein, to develop an optimization model for the hydrodynamic behavior of the LCS, we performed a comprehensive analysis of 10 types of machine learning models, which were compared and reviewed on the prediction accuracy with existing empirical formulas. We found that, among the 10 models, the gradient boosting model showed the highest prediction accuracy with MSE of 1.0 × 10−3, an index of agreement of 0.996, a scatter index of 0.065, and a correlation coefficient of 0.983, which indicates a performance improvement over the existing empirical formulas. In addition, based on a variable importance analysis using explainable artificial intelligence, we determined the significant importance of the input variable for the relative freeboard (RC/H0) and the relative freeboard to water depth ratio (RC/h), which confirms that the relative freeboard was the most dominant factor for influencing wave attenuation in the hydraulic behavior around the LCS. Thus, we concluded that the performance prediction method using a machine learning model can be applied to various predictive studies in the field of coastal engineering, deviating from existing empirical-based research.
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Archetti, Renata, and Maria Gabriella Gaeta. "WAVE RUN-UP OBSERVATION AND 2DV NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON BEACHES PROTECTED BY STRUCTURES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 14, 2012): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.20.
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The main parameter for the assessment of coastal vulnerability and sediment transport is the wave run-up on the beach, defining the limit of maximum flooding, but also hydrodynamic properties in the Swash Zone (SZ) are trivial for the comprehension of hydro-morphodynamic processes. Several studies have been carried out on the SZ but few literature is still available on the run-up and on SZ flows on beaches protected by Low Crested Structures (LCSs), where flow motion is driven by a combination of low frequency infra-gravity waves and incident waves. In presence of breakwaters, swash incident waves are transmitted through the structure. In the transmission area behind the structures, wave energy is shifted to higher frequencies with respect to the incident wave spectrum and in general its mean period considerably decreases with respect to the incident one. Collecting in situ run-up measurements during storms is essential to understand the SZ processes and properly calibrate their both empirical and numerical models but measuring extreme run-up is difficult, due to the severe sea conditions and due to unexpected nature of storms. The present paper present a numerical and experimental analysis of the wave run-up and of the flow properties on a beach: the study shows the different behavior of unprotected and protected beach, subjected to the same wave conditions. In particular the paper shows that submerged breakwaters reduce in general the run-up height, on the basis of the calibrated 2DV numerical simulations, under extreme wave conditions (TR >50 years), the effect of submerged breakwaters seems to be negligible on the run-up height. Moreover a preliminary empirical equation for run-up with protected beach is proposed
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Dassanayake, Darshana T., and H. Oumeraci. "Engineering Properties of Geotextile Sand Containers and Their Effect on Hydraulic Stability and Damage Development of Low-Crested / Submerged Structures." International Journal of Ocean and Climate Systems 3, no. 3 (September 2012): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1759-3131.3.3.135.
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Brancasi, Alberica, Elisa Leone, Antonio Francone, Giulio Scaravaglione, and Giuseppe Roberto Tomasicchio. "On Formulae for Wave Transmission at Submerged and Low-Crested Breakwaters." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121986.
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Submerged and low-crested breakwaters are nearshore barriers with an underwater or slightly emergent crest, designed to reduce the energy of wave attacks and, consequently, to protect the coast from erosion and flooding. Their performance in reducing the wave energy can be evaluated by the value of the wave transmission coefficient, which thus requires accurate prediction. In the last few decades, several experimental investigations allowed the development of several formulae to predict this coefficient that agreed well within the given range of validity. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the existing formulae has been reported and the influence of input design variables has been highlighted. Moreover, an extensive set of experimental data has been collected and critically examined and re-analyzed to obtain a homogenous up-to-date database. Special attention has been addressed to the assessment of the reliability of each existing formula for and to evaluate its performance beyond the validity limits for which it was developed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Submerged low-Crested structures"
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Ben, Belkacem Yasmine. "Ιmpact d'événements extrêmes sur les structures de prοtectiοn côtière." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMLH42.
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Ce travail de recherche a pour objectif d'étudier l'impact de la houle sur les structures de protection côtières. L'objectif principal de cette étude est d'évaluer la capacité des outils CFD à modéliser et prédire avec précision l'impact des charges extrêmes des vagues sur des digues conventionnelles en enrochement avec murs de couronnement.Pour mener cette étude, le logiciel numérique OpenFOAM est utilisé pour aborder deux questions scientifiques clés : les charges impulsives des vagues agissant sur des parapets incurvés (partie supérieure du mur de couronnement) et le développement de la houle à travers le revêtement (le milieu poreux à la base de la digue).Dans un premier temps, une houle de Stokes non-linéaire est modélisée pour évaluer les performances du solveur numérique afin de reproduire le déferlement des vagues sur un mur vertical avec un parapet incurvé, et pour évaluer les pressions d'impact associées. Les résultats calculés sont comparés aux données expérimentales provenant des essais réalisés à Hanovre (Allemagne), fournies dans le cadre du benchmark ISOPE 2022.Ensuite, la physique de l'interaction des vagues avec des digues complètement immergées est étudiée expérimentalement. Sur cette base, le présent travail examine également la capacité du solveur à simuler l'interaction fluide-structure.Enfin, le présent travail discute des avantages et des limites de ces méthodes numériques utilisées en génie côtier. Les différentes conclusions de cette étude visent à répondre à la demande de INGEROP Conseil et Ingénierie concernant l'adéquation de la CFD pour leurs applications industriellesThe present work aims to investigate the water waves impact on coastal protection structures.The primary focus of this research is to assess the ability of CFD tools to accurately model and predict the impact of extreme wave loads on conventional rubble mound breakwaters with crown walls, a structure commonly designed to mitigate wave-induced forces and fight the threats associated with sealevel rise. To carry out with this investigation, the numerical toolbox OpenFOAM is employed and the problematic is approached from two key perspectives : the impulsive wave loads acting on recurved parapets (the upper portion of breakwaters) and the wave transformation through the revetment (the porous media at the base).Initially, non-linear Stokes waves are used to evaluate the performance of the numerical solver to reproduce realistic wave breaking on a vertical wall attached with a recurved parapet, and to assess the related impact pressure records. The computed results are validated against experimental data from the large wave flume (GWK) in Hannover (Germany), provided as part of the ISOPE 2022 benchmark. Next, the physics of waves interaction with submerged crested breakwaters is investigated experimentally.In fact, the present work also investigates the capability of the solver to simulate the most relevant hydrodynamics that occurs between waves and submerged breakwaters. Finally, this work discusses the advantages and thelimitations of these numerical methods used in coastal engineering. The different findingss of this study serve to adress INGEROP's inquiry regarding the suitability of CFD for their industrial applications
Conference papers on the topic "Submerged low-Crested structures"
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Vidal Pascual, César, Fernando López Mera, and Íñigo Losada Rodríguez. "STABILITY ANALYSIS OF LOW CRESTED AND SUBMERGED RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATERS: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLOW CHARACTERISTICS AND MEASURED DAMAGE AND STABILITY FORMULAE FOR LOW CRESTED AND SUBMERGED BREAKWATERS." In Proceedings of the 5th Coastal Structures International Conference, CSt07. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814282024_0083.
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Bellotti, Giorgio. "AN IMPROVED ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR ESTIMATING WATER LEVEL SET-UP AND CURRENTS INDUCED BY WAVES OVER SUBMERGED LOW CRESTED COASTAL DEFENCE STRUCTURES." In Proceedings of the 5th Coastal Structures International Conference, CSt07. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814282024_0086.
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