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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Submarine explosive volcanism

Academic literature on the topic 'Submarine explosive volcanism'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Submarine explosive volcanism"

1

Maksimov, S. O. "TIME PULSES OF CENOZOIC EXPLOSIVE PHREATIC ERUPTIONS IN SOUTHWESTERN PRIMORYE. CORRELATION OF ISOTOPIC AND PHYTOSTRATIGRAPHIC AGE DATING RESULTS." Tikhookeanskaya Geologiya 41 (2022): 50–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30911/0207-4028-2022-41-3-50-75.

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The Cenozoic tephra deposits - products of explosive phreatic eruptions of maar volcanoes in the southwest of Primorye are studied. The deposits represent rhyolitic ash and pumice pyroclastic beds with a high terrigenous component, including tephroid pseudo-conglomerates. Isotopic dating of tephra beds established two time pulses of explosive volcanism: 30–34 Mya and 23–24 Mya. The first time pulse coincided with the beginning of the formation of marginal seas and continental coal basins. It corresponds to the most productive stage of coal accumulation, the burial of wood wastes and their coalification at a faster rate, and the development of a high-temperature geothermal field and can be compared with the well-known catastrophic eruption of Mount St. Helens in the U.S.A. The second time pulse of explosive volcanism had a regional character of manifestation. It is characterized by the formation of green tuff complexes on submarine elevations of the Sea of Japan as well as along the western and eastern coasts of Japan. Synchronously with the volcanic activity started the acceleration of the sinking rate of the Sea of Japan bottom in response to the active rising of asthenospheric diapirs. The established isotopic ages do not conform to the ages determined for fossil leaves and pollen from the deposits, which may reflect the climate-forming type of such an explosive process.

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2

Weiß, B. J., C. Hübscher, D. Wolf, and T. Lüdmann. "Submarine explosive volcanism in the southeastern Terceira Rift/São Miguel region (Azores)." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 303 (September 2015): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.07.028.

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3

Sayyadi, Sara, Magnús Tumi Gudmundsson, and Páll Einarsson. "Volcanic tremor associated with the Surtsey eruption of 1963–1967." Jokull 72, no. 1 (2022): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33799/jokull2022.72.021.

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The formation of the island of Surtsey over 3.5 years, remains one of the best-documented volcanic, island-forming eruptions to date. The basaltic submarine volcanic activity was detected on November 14, 1963, where ocean depth was 130 m prior to the eruption at the southern end of the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago. The eruptions occurred in several phases involving explosive and effusive activity, including the initial submarine phase on November 12–13, 1963. Separate phases of subaerial volcanic activity occurred during November 14, 1963–January 1964, January–April 1964, April 1964–May 1965, May–October 1965, December 1965–August 1966, and August 1966–June 1967. Seismic data quality from this period is inferior compared to that of modern monitoring systems. Four permanent seismic stations were operated in Iceland at the time, whereof only two, located at 115 and 140 km distance, had the sensitivity to record tremor from Surtsey. Nevertheless, the scanned analog seismograms (http://seismis.hi.is/) show that the eruptive activity was accompanied by considerable seismic activity, both earthquakes, and volcanic tremor. Earthquakes were primarily associated with changes in vent location. Both spasmodic and harmonic tremor was identified, both with low (<3 Hz) and higher (3–5 Hz) characteristic frequencies. The results indicate a complicated relationship between tremor and magma flow rate or style of activity. During the explosive eruption, the highest magma flow rates occurred in the first 10–20 days, a period with little observed tremor. The highest tremor is observed in December 1963–March 1964, after the discharge rates had dropped substantially, and on a timescale of hours-to-days, no clear relationship between tremor and eruption style is observed. The same applies to the effusive activity, where no seismic tremor was observed during most of the effusive eruption of Surtungur, despite the fact that magma flow rates were ~3 times higher than during later phases where some tremor was observed. Keywords: Submarine volcanism, eruption precursors, volcanic tremor, precursory tremor, continuous uprush eruptions

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Inza, Coulibaly, Kouamelan Alain Nicaise, Djro Sagbrou Chérubin, and Coulibaly Yacouba. "Petrographie Des Volcanites Et Plutonites De La Partie Sud Du Sillon Volcano-Sedimentaire De Toumodi-Fetekro (Cote D’ivoire)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 30 (October 31, 2017): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n30p199.

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The southern part of Toumodi-Fètêkro greenstone belt is located in the Center - Southeast of Ivory Coast. Petrographic study of volcanic and plutonic rocks shows three units. The first unit is composed of basaltic to rhyolitic lavas which imply effusive character. Then we have volcanosedimentary unit composed of pyroclastic formations (lapilli tuff, breccia, ash deposit and ignimbrites) and the pillow-lavas. Indeed, the presence of this last shows clearly that an explosive volcanism and a submarine effusive volcanism have occurred during during the setting of Toumodi-Fètêkro belt. Plutonic unit is constituted of gabbroic to granitic rocks. Sericite, chlorite, epidote observed in these rocks are consistent with the impacts of greenschist facies metamorphism. The rocks of the southern part of the Toumodi-Fètêkro greenstone belt are formed in a subduction context rather than in oceanic plateaus context because of the old inheritance, sometimes of Archean age, found somewhere in theBirimiandomain. The lithologies of the southern part of Toumodi-Fètêkro meet elsewhere in the other Birimian greenstone belts. Also, these lithologies are affected by a hydrothermal alteration due to the abundant veins of quartz, carbonates, sericite, chlorite, epidote, sulphides and oxides. However, volcanic show in some places amphibolit facies metamorphism.

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Verolino, Andrea, James D. L. White, Rachael J. M. Baxter, C. Ian Schipper, and Thor Thordarson. "Characteristics of Sub-Aerially Emplaced Pyroclasts in the Surtsey Eruption Deposits: Implications for Diverse Surtseyan Eruptive Styles." Geosciences 12, no. 2 (February 8, 2022): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12020079.

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The 1963–1967 shallow-to-emergent eruption in Iceland’s Vestmannaeyjar earned a place in the history of volcanology by creating the island of Surtsey while under close observation of volcanologist Sigurdur Thorarinsson (Sigurður Þórarinsson in Icelandic). This is an example of what is now called Surtseyan volcanism, and it included explosive and effusive phases from multiple vents that formed the island of Surtsey itself, as well as one fully subaqueous pyroclastic edifice and two additional, but ephemeral, islands. Sigurdur Thorarinsson identified tephra jetting and continuous uprush as characteristic types of subaerial explosive activity of Surtseyan volcanism. Subaerial cone-forming deposits of Surtseyan volcanism are typically poorly sorted, with fine-grained beds rich in sideromelane ash fragments, punctuated by larger, ubiquitously composite bombs, whereas deposits sampled by coring deep into the submarine edifice include fines-poor horizons dominated by vesicular coarse sideromelane ash. Here, we present new textural data and highlight the diversity of pyroclasts and microtextures from Surtsey (Surtur I and Surtur II) and its satellite vents (Surtla, Syrtlingur and Jolnir), in the context of Surtseyan volcanism. We used several sample sets. Some were collected during the 3.5-year long eruption and were conserved in the Icelandic Natural History Museum, including one sample from the core drilled into Surtsey in 1979. Other samples were collected during more recent field campaigns on Surtsey Island. In closing, we discuss the implications of this diversity for the range of activity and products produced by Surtsey.

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Doucet, P., W. Mueller, and F. Chartrand. "Archean, deep-marine, volcanic eruptive products associated with the Coniagas massive sulfide deposit, Quebec, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 31, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 1569–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e94-139.

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The mafic-dominated volcanic and related volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, which host the Archean Coniagas Zn–Pb–Ag massive sulfide deposit, are inferred to be the result of submarine explosive and effusive eruptions at depths of approximately 1000 m, as suggested by the presence of volcaniclastic turbidites, the absence of wave-induced sedimentary structures, pillowed lava flows, the sulfide deposit itself, and the incipient arc setting. The rock assemblage includes massive, pillowed and brecciated, basaltic to andesitic flows, massive, andesitic to rhyodacitic lapilli tuffs, andesitic stratified lapilli tuffs, and bedded tuffs. Preserved fragments and delicate volcanic textures, such as angularity of clasts, chilled clast margins, and clast vesicularity, and sedimentary structures are consistent with a subaqueous hydroclastic origin for the volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks. Explosive degasification of magma and (or) lava, in conjunction with fragmentation due to the interaction of magma–water, or nonexplosive hydroclastic fragmentation can account for the observed characteristics in the volcaniclastic deposits.The 280 m thick Coniagas volcano-sedimentary succession, used to reconstruct the volcanic history of the deposit, records two explosive–effusive volcanic cycles. The initial stage of each cycle is envisaged to have commenced with a small fire fountain or boiling-over eruption. Transport and deposition of the fragmented debris along the flanks of the volcanic edifice is attributed to high-concentration particulate gravity flows. The massive lapilli tuffs are interpreted as laminar debris flows, whereas the stratified lapilli tuffs may reflect turbulent flow deposits. The bedded tuffs were produced during the waning eruptive stages or elutriated from high-concentration syneruption flows. Ingestion of water, causing hydroclastic fragmentation, occurred during the eruptive and (or) the transport process. Calm, effusive mafic volcanism, characterized by massive, pillowed and brecciated flows and reworked counterparts, terminates each volcanic cycle. The massive, felsic lapilli tuffs, which host the mineralization, are inferred to represent locally reworked hydroclastic products of explosive or nonexplosive origin. The Coniagas mine deposit may serve as a guide for future exploration of small Archean volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits with a restricted alteration halo.

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Farmer, Jack D., Maria C. Farmer, and Rainer Berger. "Radiocarbon Ages of Lacustrine Deposits in Volcanic Sequences of the Lomas Coloradas Area, Socorro Island, Mexico." Radiocarbon 35, no. 2 (1993): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200064924.

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Extensive eruptions of alkalic basalt from low-elevation fissures and vents on the southern flank of the dormant volcano, Cerro Evermann, accompanied the most recent phase of volcanic activity on Socorro Island, and created the Lomas Coloradas, a broad, gently sloping terrain comprising the southern part of the island. We obtained 14C ages of 4690 ± 270 BP (5000–5700 cal BP) and 5040 ± 460 BP (5300–6300 cal BP) from lacustrine deposits that occur within volcanic sequences of the lower Lomas Coloradas. Apparently, the sediments accumulated within a topographic depression between two scoria cones shortly after they formed. The lacustrine environment was destroyed when the cones were breached by headward erosion of adjacent stream drainages. This was followed by the eruption of a thin basaltic flow from fissures near the base of the northernmost cone. The flow moved downslope for a short distance and into the drainages that presently bound the study area on the east and west. The flow postdates development of the present drainage system and may be very recent. Our 14C data, along with historical accounts of volcanic activity over the last century, including submarine eruptions that occurred a few km west of Socorro in early 1993, underscore the high risk for explosive volcanism in this region and the need for a detailed volcanic hazards plan and seismic monitoring.

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Rubingh, Kate E., Harold L. Gibson, and Bruno Lafrance. "Evidence for voluminous bimodal pyroclastic volcanism during rifting of a Paleoproterozoic arc at Snow Lake, Manitoba." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 54, no. 6 (June 2017): 654–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2016-0163.

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The thrust-bounded McLeod Road – Birch Lake (MB) sequence occurs within the Paleoproterozoic Snow Lake arc (SLA) assemblage of the Flin Flon belt. Stratigraphic correlation of volcanic strata of the MB sequence with strata of the thrust-bounded Chisel sequence indicates that distinctive, submarine, eruption-fed, pyroclastic flow deposits are more extensive and voluminous than previously recognized (>10 km3). These voluminous felsic pyroclastic deposits define a distinct magmatic and explosive volcanic event during bimodal volcanism that accompanied rifting of the SLA. The felsic pyroclastic deposits define the remnants of a basin, or of nested basins, that formed during arc rifting and subsidence, and their eruption immediately preceded formation of the Chisel sequence volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. Although the Chisel sequence ore interval is recognized in the MB sequence, the lack of VMS-related alteration indicates that VMS hydrothermal activity was restricted to the Chisel portion of the basin. However, the MB sequence is host to the younger Snow Lake gold mine, a 1.4M oz (43 699 kg) gold producer. The overlying MORB-like Birch Lake basalts, if conformable with the MB sequence, may represent a progression from a rifted-arc to a back-arc setting. However, if they are thrust fault bounded, then they may represent the initial phases of arc-rifting, prior to the voluminous felsic pyroclastic eruptions. Correlation and integrity of stratigraphy between the thrust-bounded MB and SLA sequences indicates that the bounding thrust faults, which developed during accretionary processes, have less regional significance than previously interpreted.

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9

Vermeij, Geerat J. "Economics, volcanoes, and Phanerozoic revolutions." Paleobiology 21, no. 2 (1995): 125–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300013178.

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Two intervals of the Phanerozoic stand out as times of biosphere-scale revolution in the sense that biogeochemical cycles came under increased control by organisms. These are the early Paleozoic (extending from just before the Cambrian to the Middle Ordovician, a duration of about 100 m.y.), characterized by the appearance of predators, burrowers, and mineralized skeletons, and by the subsequent diversification of planktonic animals and suspension-feeders; and the later Mesozoic (latest Triassic to mid-Cretaceous, a duration of somewhat more than 100 m.y.), marked by a great diversification of predators and burrowers and by the rise of mineralized planktonic protists. This paper explores the economic conditions that make such revolutions possible.I argue that opportunities for innovation and diversification are enhanced when raw materials and energy are supplied at increasing rates, or when organisms gain greater access to these commodities through rising temperatures and higher metabolic rates. Greater per capita availability of resources enables populations to grow; lessens or alters ecological constraints on functional improvement; makes possible the evolution of high metabolic rates (large incomes), which in turn permit improvement in each of several otherwise incompatible functions; and favors the establishment and spread of daughter species arising through founder speciation. Reductions in productivity reinforce adaptational constraints and may bring about extinctions.Massive submarine volcanism, together with its associated phenomena of warming, sea-level rise, and widening of warm-weather zones, is proposed to be the chief extrinsic trigger for the Phanerozoic revolutions. The later Mesozoic was characterized by continental rifting, which accompanied massive submarine volcanic eruptions that produced large quantities of nutrients and carbon dioxide. This activity began in the Late Triassic and peaked in the mid- to Late Cretaceous. The Early Cambrian was also a time of rifting and may likewise have been marked by large-scale submarine volcanism. Continental and explosive volcanism, weathering, and upwelling are other potential means for increasing evolutionary opportunity, but their effects are either local or linked directly or indirectly with cooling. Intense chemical weathering in the Early Cambrian, however, may have contributed to the early Paleozoic revolution.The extrinsic stimulus was greatly amplified through positive feedback by the evolution of higher metabolic rates and other means for acquiring, trading, retaining, and recycling resources more rapidly and from a wider range of environments. Because these novelties usually require a high and predictable supply of resources, their evolution is more likely when extrinsically controlled supplies increase rather than when per capita availability is low.In the view adopted here, the microevolutionary and microeconomic market forces of competition and natural selection operate against a backdrop of macroeconomic supply and demand. Resources are under both extrinsic and intrinsic control. Positive and negative feedbacks link processes at the micro- and macroeconomic levels. This view complements the genealogical and hierarchical conception of evolution by emphasizing that the pattern of descent is influenced by resources and by market forces operating at all scales of space and time.

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Sun, Qiliang, Christopher A. L. Jackson, Craig Magee, Samuel J. Mitchell, and Xinong Xie. "Extrusion dynamics of deepwater volcanoes revealed by 3-D seismic data." Solid Earth 10, no. 4 (August 2, 2019): 1269–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1269-2019.

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Abstract. Submarine volcanism accounts for ca. 75 % of the Earth's volcanic activity. Yet difficulties with imaging their exteriors and interiors mean that the extrusion dynamics and erupted volumes of deepwater volcanoes remain poorly understood. Here, we use high-resolution 3-D seismic reflection data to examine the external and internal geometry and extrusion dynamics of two late Miocene–Quaternary deepwater (> 2 km emplacement depth) volcanoes buried beneath 55–330 m of sedimentary strata in the South China Sea. The volcanoes have crater-like bases, which truncate underlying strata and suggest extrusion was initially explosive, and erupted lava flows that feed lobate lava fans. The lava flows are > 9 km long and contain lava tubes that have rugged basal contacts defined by ∼90±23 m high erosional ramps. We suggest the lava flows eroded down into and were emplaced within wet, unconsolidated, near-seafloor sediments. Extrusion dynamics were likely controlled by low magma viscosities as a result of increased dissolved H2O due to high hydrostatic pressure and soft, near-seabed sediments, which are collectively characteristic of deepwater environments. We calculate that long-runout lava flows account for 50 %–97 % of the total erupted volume, with a surprisingly minor component (∼3 %–50 %) being preserved in the main volcanic edifice. Accurate estimates of erupted volumes therefore require knowledge of volcano and lava basal surface morphology. We conclude that 3-D seismic reflection data are a powerful tool for constraining the geometry, volumes, and extrusion dynamics of ancient or active deepwater volcanoes and lava flows.

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Book chapters on the topic "Submarine explosive volcanism"

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Scott, C. R., D. Richard, and A. D. Fowler. "An Archean submarine pyroclastic flow due to submarine dome collapse: The Hurd Deposit, Harker Township, Ontario, Canada." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 317–27. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm21.

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Cas, R. A. F., H. Yamagishi, L. Moore, and C. Scutter. "Miocene submarine fire fountain deposits, Ryugazaki Headland, Oshoro Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan: Implications for Submarine Fountain Dynamics and Fragmentation Processes." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 299–316. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm20.

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Clague, David A., Alicé S. Davis, and Jacqueline E. Dixon. "Submarine strombolian eruptions on the Gorda mid-ocean ridge." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 111–28. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm07.

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Wohletz, Kenneth H. "Water/Magma Interaction: Physical considerations for the deep submarine environment." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 25–49. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm02.

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Gaspar, João L., Gabriela Queiroz, José M. Pacheco, Teresa Ferreira, Nicolau Wallenstein, Maria H. Almeida, and Rui Coutinho. "Basaltic lava balloons produced during the 1998–2001 Serreta Submarine Ridge eruption (Azores)." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 205–12. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm13.

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Andrews, Benjamin. "Eruptive and depositional mechanisms of an Eocene shallow submarine volcano, Moeraki Peninsula, New Zealand." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 179–88. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm11.

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Yuasa, Makoto, and Kazuhiko Kano. "Submarine silicic calderas on the northern Shichito-Iwojima Ridge, Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc, western Pacific." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 231–43. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm15.

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Raos, Alison M., and Jocelyn McPhie. "The submarine record of a large-scale explosive eruption in the Vanuatu Arc: ∼1 Ma Efaté Pumice Formation." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 273–83. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm18.

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Fujibayashi, Norie, and Umio Sakai. "Vesiculation and eruption processes of submarine effusive and explosive rocks from the Middle Miocene Ogi Basalt, Sado Island, Japan." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 259–72. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm17.

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McPhie, Jocelyn, and Rodney L. Allen. "Submarine, silicic, syn-eruptive pyroclastic units in the Mount Read Volcanics, western Tasmania: Influence of vent setting and proximity on lithofacies characteristics." In Explosive Subaqueous Volcanism, 245–58. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/140gm16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Submarine explosive volcanism"

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Andrews, Graham. "SUBMARINE IGNIMBRITES IN UNIT V, IODP SITE U1437: EVIDENCE FOR ARC-FRONT EXPLOSIVE VOLCANISM DURING A REAR-ARC HIATUS." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-379702.

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GISLER, GALEN, ROBERT WEAVER, CHARLES MADER, and MICHAEL GITTINGS. "TWO-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS OF EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS OF KICK-EM JENNY AND OTHER SUBMARINE VOLCANOS." In Proceedings of the NSF Caribbean Tsunami Workshop. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812774613_0006.

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