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Murphy, Chandra L. "Perception is reality the power of subjective age and its effect on physical, psychological, and cognitive health /." Waltham, Mass. : Brandeis University, 2009. http://dcoll.brandeis.edu/handle/10192/23192.
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Tullett, Andrew Stewart. "Social transformations from the Middle Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age in Central Southern Britain." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10305.
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The Later Prehistory of Wiltshire is included within social models built on the neighbouring counties of Dorset (Sharples 1991a) and Hampshire (Cunliffe 1984a) or general accounts of southern Britain (Barrett 1980b; Brück 1999a; Hill 1995a; Rowlands 1980). These focus on hillforts, bronze or independent farmsteads. Utilizing the wealth of new data accumulated by developer funded work, this study re-examines the evidence using a landscape scale approach influenced by community studies. It reveals that current approaches fail to explain the evidence from the study area. Towards the end of the Bronze Age, there is a trend towards transhumance with seasonal, pastoral camps and linear earthworks. Coinciding with the fall from grace of bronze as social mediator, animals became one way through which relations were negotiated. The trend continues into the Earliest Iron Age when large midden sites around Pewsey indicate the exploitation of iron deposits. The middens become centres of craft production for these transhumant communities and facilitate the growth of a broad affinity across the region. The supremacy of the middens lasts as little as 200 years before new sources of iron, continental imports and recycling cause many to be abandoned. However, the contacts made between communities at these sites facilitate the mobilization of the labour required for hillfort construction. The rational for their construction varies according to the prevailing social and economic needs but most of these goals are achieved by the Early Iron Age when most are abandoned. The developed hillforts of the later Middle Iron Age are different to their forebears, sit within an otherwise unsettled landscape and indicate a rise in the level of conflict along the western margin of the area.
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Ramsey, William Greer. "Middle Bronze Age weapons in Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296789.
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Davies, Alexander John. "Social organisation in the Upper and Middle Thames Valley from the Late Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/99203/.
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This thesis is an account of social organisation in the Upper and Middle Thames Valley from the Late Bronze Age to the end of the Middle Iron Age, c.1150-100 BC. This is approached through the integration and synthesis of various different types of evidence, including houses and settlements; metalwork; pottery; depositional practices; human and animal remains; 'special deposits'; monuments; and landscape boundaries. Patterns have been found within each period that cross different types of evidence. These patterns relate to underlying internal social and conceptual logical systems. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used, and comparison between periods is an important feature of the analysis. This demonstrates the 'non-functional', culturally specific nature of many aspects of material under study and how it was treated in the past. The thesis begins with an exploration of the role that material culture plays in ways that people create identities and community relationships. The following four chapters each discuss the archaeology and interpret the social organisation of a different period. Much of the Late Bronze Age archaeology is characterised by two features: the repeated destruction and abandonment of objects, settlement and place; and the plain, undifferentiated nature of the material culture. It is argued that Late Bronze Age communities were relatively fluid; identity was not structured around lineage, and differences in status not particularly marked. In the Late Bronze Age, three distinct areas within the study region have been identified, each with differences in various types of material culture and depositional habits. The Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age Transition is argued to have been a truly transitional period between two distinct types of social organisation. In the Early Iron Age, ancestors were being increasingly identifed with, as material culture, settlements and hillforts were passed down and used by multiple generations. Ancient and foreign exotica were acquired and appear to have been employed in the negotiation of power relationships. Aspects of ritual practice and material culture were becoming more heterogeneous. The segregation of smaller, more distinct social groups continued in the Middle Iron Age, shown in part by the construction of boundaries around the household. Hillforts were a focus for deposition. The final chapter charts changes in various aspects of the archaeology before discussing process and causes of social change. A reassessment of the pottery chronology of the period is also included.
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Ginn, Victoria Ruth. "Settlement structure in middle-late bronze age Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601619.
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This thesis examines Middle-Late Bronze Age (c. 1750--600 BC) domestic settlement patterns in Ireland. Recent archaeological investigations have extended the knowledge of habitation, but no detailed, systematic attempts have been made to understand the domestic evidence, or to substantially revise the existing models for the development of complex Bronze Age societies. All available data relating to settlements dating to Middle-Late Bronze Age have been collated. An evidence-based chronology for settlement is established for the first time. The data are examined at multiple scales to investigate any spatial or chronological trends in settlement character or distribution. The relationships between settlements and the surrounding environmental and social landscapes are analysed through a GIS. The new data are investigated to see how domestic settlements operated, and if traditional concepts regarding the structure of Bronze Age society can still be upheld. Agent-based modelling and social network analysis provide another dimension to the discussion regarding power, regionalism and hierarchy within the settlement network. The results reveal a distinct rise in the visibility, and a rapid adaption, of domestic architecture, which seems to have occurred earlier in Ireland than elsewhere in western and northern Europe. The ways in which Bronze Age communities socialised their landscapes were similar throughout Ireland, highlighting a high degree of communication and shared preference for location, but by the Late Bronze Age differences became more obvious, reflecting an increased regionalism. Overall, a strong, socio-economic hierarchy is not evident A distinct class of independent farmers existed, but on the whole there is little wealth and power overtly present in the extant settlement record. This thesis provides a major contribution to the continued appreciation of the Middle Bronze Age as a distinctive period. It also presents a wellordered. integrated, alternative interpretation to the traditional perception of stratification in the Bronze Age.
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Koliński, Rafał. "Tell Rijim, Iraq : the Middle Bronze Age layer /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37199315d.
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Texte remanié de: Ph.D. thesis--Warsaw university.La p. de titre porte : "Eski Mosul Dam salvage project excavations of the Polish center of archaeology, University of Warsaw" Bibliogr. p. 81-87.
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Tindall, Susan P. "A study of middle age women and self esteem." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1994. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1404.
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The objective of this study was to explore and describe the relationship between self esteem among middle age women. Thirty women between the ages of forty-two and fifty-nine were evaluated according to the Index of Self-Esteem and the women were ranked according to each score.
The result of the study indicates that no significant relationship exists between self-esteem of married women, divorced, and those who never married. No relationship exists in the level of self-esteem and income. There is no statistical difference in the level of self-esteem between those who are employed meaningfully employed, and never employed. No statistical difference exists in the level of self esteem between those who have graduated from high school and those who have graduated from college. Similar results were found in ethnicity and respondents.
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Wurz, Sarah (Sarah Jacoba Deborah). "The middle stone age at Klasies River, South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51998.
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Thesis (D Phil)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Late Pleistocene, Middle Stone Age artefact sequence at the Klasies River main site, was studied to establish what information this held for inferences on the emergence of symbolic thought and communication. The approach adopted was to complement traditional typological analysis by a technological study of artefact production within the framework of the chafne opératoire. The results show that technology was aimed at producing preformed blanks. In the choice of materials, the technique and method of blank production and the retouch of blanks, arbitrary or stylistic choices were made. Changes in stylistic conventions can be documented through the sequence. Changing conventions in artefact production show that the lives of the people who made the artefacts were structured in a symbolic web. These results together with evidence from evolutionary biology, show that by at least 115 000 years ago, people were able to think and speak symbolically. This African archaeological evidence for the emergence of symbolism, a defining attribute of modem peoples, is much older than previously considered. KEYWORDS: Klasies River, Middle Stone Age, technology, symbolic communication, human evolution.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Latere Pleistoseen, Middel Steentydperk artefakte by Klasiesrivier vindplaas is bestudeer om te bepaal watter kennis ingewin kan word aangaande die ontstaan van simboliese denkwyse en kommunikasie. Die benadering wat gevolg is, was om tradisionele tipologiese analise te komplementeer met 'n tegnologiese studie van artefak produksie binne die raamwerk van die chafne opératoire. Die resultate demonstreer dat tegnologie gemik was op die produksie van voorafgevormde skilfers. Die keuse van roumateriaal, die tegniek en metode van produksie en die herafwerk van skilfers is gelei deur arbitrêre stilistiese keuses. Veranderinge in hierdie konvensies kan gedokumenteer word deur die hele sekwens. Hierdie verandering is tipies van mense wie se lewens gestruktureer word deur 'n simboliese web. Dié resultate, en dié van evolusionêre biologie, dui daarop dat mense reeds teen 115 000 jaar gelede simboliese denke en spraak magtig was. Hierdie bewyse vanuit Afrika vir die ontstaan van simboliese gedrag is veel vroeër as vantevore gereken. SLEUTEL WOORDE: Klasiesrivier, Middel Steentydperk, tegnologie, simboliese kommunikasie, menslike evolusie.
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Burrup, Rachelle. "Strength Training and Body Composition in Middle-Age Women." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6162.
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between strength training and body composition before and after controlling for several covariates. A cross-sectional study including 257 female subjects was conducted. METHODS: Subjects' level of involvement in strength training was determined via questionnaire. Body composition was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Diet was assessed using 7-d weighed food records. RESULTS: Strong linear relationships between subjects' level of involvement in strength training and body composition were identified. For each additional day of strength training reported per week, body fat was 1.32 percentage points lower (F = 14.8, p = 0.0002) and fat-free mass was 656.4 g (1.45 lb) higher (F = 18.9, p < 0.0001), on average. Likewise, the more time subjects spent lifting and the more intensely they trained, the better their body composition tended to be. Adjusting for differences in age, menopause status, objectively measured physical activity, energy intake, and protein intake tended to weaken each association. Controlling for differences in physical activity weakened each relationship the most. CONCLUSION: Women who strength train regularly tend to have significantly lower body fat percentages and significantly higher levels of fat-free mass compared to their counterparts, regardless of differences in several potential confounding variables.
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Henry, Susan Hogue. "Hourly fluctuation of middle ear pressure as a function of age in school-age children." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4093.
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Tympanometry is a useful means of evaluating the status of the middle ear. For the pediatric population, tympanometry is particularly valuable for determining the presence of middle ear effusion. The test has been incorporated in many school hearing conservation programs because of its ease of administration, objectivity, and diagnostic value.
In a study by deJonge and Cummings (1985), the hourly fluctuation of middle ear pressure was reported in a group of kindergarten-age children. The variability of middle ear pressure for that group of children averaged 150 daPa. In the present study, a maturational effect of this hourly fluctuation was observed between a group of first-grade age students and sixth-grade age students. Results indicated the younger group averaged a range of 145 daPa, correlating well with the deJonge and Cummings study, while the older group averaged a range of 92 daPa. Thus, as a child matures, the hourly fluctuation of middle ear pressure decreases significantly.
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Juvinall, James J. "Women's issues counseling middle-aged women /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p036-0372.
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Ricker, Audrey 1941. "Effects of mainstream media on upper-middle-class children of middle-school age: A qualitative study." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282359.
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This study shows the findings of a qualitative study undertaken in the homes of seven primary participants of middle school age in Tucson, Arizona, Southern California, and New York City. The purpose of the study was to determine whether mainstream media has commodified these children into saleable audiences who would consume its media products. Findings show that all participants, at all levels, were ready to buy, and wanted to buy, at least one kind of mainstream media at any time. All participants with the exception of one, who did not seem to care about one form of media over another, pursued at least one form of mainstream media, usually more, during most of his waking hours and often. During the ninety hours of observation, at least two or more mainstream media products were used consistently. All participants expressed the desire to buy more specific products and wanted to have more than one title at a time. No regionally or locally distributed media were desired by any subject, only the mainstream media on forced-choice menus. Limitations of the research included difficulty of finding parents and children willing to allow the researcher into the home. Another problem was the invasion of privacy that some subject felt during the study. These were the major two limitations. Further research should be conducted on preschoolers' use of media. This study suggests that children aged one to five may already be addicted to Disney media in ways that preclude their enjoyment of other mainstream media. This study also suggests that these children may be so affected cognitively by their constant use of mainstream media products that their placement in school must be reassessed. Another area that requires more research is the ability of students with diagnosed learning disabilities to concentrate on, and operate, interactive media and to read any manual, article or electronic text having to do with their chosen media, without any problem. The conclusion is that participants in this study are, by their desire and willingness to buy, members of a commodity audience. Thus, the commodity audience actually exists.
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Sandström, Gustav. "Recycled Goods : Middle age and increased income decreases environmental commitment." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68731.
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Environmental impact is a growing concern of many and work to decrease the influence on the environment are becoming more common and is in some cases even illegal for companies to disregard from. For the average person many things can be done to decrease their personal impact on to the environment such as consuming less, buying environmentally friendly goods, recycling ones garbage or buying goods that are already recycled. This study emphasizes on the subject of recycled goods since a trend of new stores has started to arise. These stores uses the basics from yard sales and flea markets but capitalize them using big scale economy. They collect recycled goods from junkyards and through donations from companies and individuals aim to resell them. In this study a case of one of these stores called Returbutiken, located in Umeå Sweden, were acknowledged as it took the idea one step further by collecting furniture and other goods and restored them in their own carpentry. Returbutiken is an initiative made by the municipality of Umeå to recycle the goods the municipality does not need, donations from people and companies and also to collect items from the local junkyard. This also creates very cheap goods which have a much higher quality than those found at different flea markets. Thus this study was performed to investigate what motivation and what behavior the customers of this store had. Why were they shopping? Was it because of the price or was it because of their willingness to be more environmentally friendly? The behavior was researched through a comparative study through a questionnaire that was handed out at Returbutiken and compared with the answers of the same questionnaire which was answered by general people at the city of Umeå. The results show that there was a difference of behavior and attitudes between the average respondent in the city of Umeå compared to Returbutiken. People at Returbutiken were generally more committed and optimistic towards the environment than the average respondent in Umeå. The result shows that the age group of 30-45 prioritized the environment less than other age groups. This study also conducts that the general respondents in Umeå prioritized the environment less when they had a higher income.
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Maguire, Louise. "The circulation of Cypriot pottery in the Middle Bronze Age." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509195.
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Malmgren, Kjell. "Klavdhia-Tremithos : a middle and late Cypriote Bronze Age site /." Jonsered : Paul Åström Forlag, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39069032n.
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Guillaume, Donna M. "Characteristics of the Middle-Age Adult Inpatient Fall: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2015. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsn_diss/37.
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Falls remain one of the most reportable, serious and costly type of adverse events costing an estimated $3,500 to $27,000 depending on the injury. The research often focuses on the elderly and their risk for falls and injury. Increasingly higher rates of falls are being reported in the middle-age inpatient 45 to 64 years of age. While predictors of falls and injuries have been studied across all adult inpatients, research has not specifically addressed fall risk characteristics in the middle-age. The World Health Organization’s (WHO), “Risk factor model for fall in older age”, framework was adapted for the middle-age inpatient. This framework identifies extrinsic and intrinsic variables from four risk factor groupings of biological, socioeconomic, behavioral, environmental and related outcomes to describe characteristics of the middle-age inpatient’s fall injury risk. Hitcho et al. (2004) seminal article was also used to identify pertinent inpatient characteristics. The purpose of this exploratory retrospective quantitative study described fall risk factors specific to the middle-age inpatient. The aims: (1) described risk factors of falls and fall injury; (2) described unit specific data, fall numbers with type of falls, injuries from falls, and prevention strategies (3) compare the incidence of fall and injury rates in the middle-age (45- 64) patients to the other hospital adult age-groups (ages 21-44 and 65-90). This study used retrospective hospital occurrence data to identify middle-age inpatient falls and related characteristics reported by staff. Chart review of inpatient falls identified 439 individual falls occurring from January 2012 through July 2014. The study sample included inpatients that fell either one-time or had a repeat fall during the study period. Analysis for data included use of descriptive statistics, crosstabs, and Poisson regression. Outcomes collected included demographics, admitting diagnosis, chief complaints, cormorbities, and discharge status, type of falls and areas of falls. There was no significant difference in rates of falls between units or in staffing ratios that had a bearing on the middle-age inpatient. Fall prevention interventions were found to be universally applied, not specific to the individual, nor based on outcomes of risk screening of anticipated physiological risk factors. In comparison of the middle-age inpatient population with those age 65 -90 years of age the rates per 1000 patient days for both falls (p=.637) and injuries (p=.626) had no significant difference. Males fell at a significantly higher rate (p=.000) than females in the middle-age inpatient and those aged 64-90 years. The middle-age inpatient fell at an alarming rate of 42% of all falls.
This research provided insight into a population with acute and multiple chronic disease conditions and comorbidities that contribute to altered mental status, abnormal gait and frequently awaking at night to void. This population often overestimates their limitations and strives to maintain their autonomy. The age of the patient should not influence staff assessment of alertness and orientation. The findings of the characteristics in this research provide rich information for further research in how to include the middle-age patient in clinical decision making and education of this age group.
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Baker, Deena Michelle. ""What now?": Willa Cather's successful male professionals at middle age." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3167.
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This thesis examines three male characters from Willa Cather's writing that epitomize the American Dream of professional and material success but they find no contentment once they achieve it. This disillusionment is particularly so with Cather's driven male professionals, Bartley Alexander (an architectural scholar), and Clement Sebastian (a critically acclaimed, international opera singer). Cather situates these characters at middle age and at the peak of their professional careers, which makes the examination of them an interesting study as to the effects of the encroaching modern age on successful men. This thesis begins with a brief overview of Cather's work, including scholarly criticism of each novel, progresses to the examination of her successful male characters, and concludes with the investigation of Cather as a Modernist writer.
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Rosenberg, Elizabeth. "Children of Holocaust Survivors on Middle-Age: A Phenomenological Inquiry." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2377.
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Children of Holocaust survivors are vulnerable to experiencing secondary trauma which typically manifests in emotional and psychological difficulties. Despite,their exposure to a traumatized family environment, many children of Holocaust survivors do not develop emotional or adaptive difficulties. Some demonstrate psychological resilience, reflected by their ability to adapt,to adversity and problems. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into how well-adjusted,middle aged children of Holocaust survivors developed and maintained resilience.In line with resilience theory,which explains how an individual bounces back from negative circumstances, the research questions for this study examined the factors that the participants used to develop and maintain tesilience. The sample for this study included 13 middle aged children of Holocaust survivors who described themselves as well-adjusted. The researcher collected data by conducting in-depth interviews and qualitatively analyzed the data using the modified van Kaam method of phenomenological analysis. Results showed that well-adjusted children of Holocaust survivors managed and maintained resiliency through middle age by incorporating lessons learned from their parents, including the notion that nothing can keep a person down. These findings contributed to the body of knowledge on trauma prevention and may be useful to social service providers and organizations that seek to aid individuals' development of resiliency in the,wake of traumatic experiences.
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Hirschfeld, Nicolle. "Potmarks of the late Bronze Age eastern Mediterranean /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Davis, Gaynel R. "Developmental patterns of stress and coping : middle age and older adulthood /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8142.
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Heffron, Yağmur. "Household ritual in Middle Bronze Age Anatolia : an archaeological-textual study." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609540.
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Dvorak, Linda. "Dietary intake and iron deficiency in middle age female distance runners." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/471158.
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The role of food intake and nutrition in athletic performance has gained much recognition in recent years. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to assess whether female runners who consumed a modified vegetarian diet had different iron parameters than female runners who consumed a diet that included red meat. Methods: Two groups of female runners (n=18) volunteered as subjects for this study. One group was composed of women who regularly consumed a modified vegetarian diet (V group) and the other group was composed of women who consumed a diet which included red meat (RM group). The groups were comparable in age, weight, aerobic capacity, number of pregnancies and years since last pregnancy. Dietary analyses and biochemical analyses for the three stages of iron deficiency characterized by iron depletion, iron deficient erythropoiesis and iron deficiency anemia were performed to compare iron status of the two groups of athletes. Results: Serum ferritin values of the V group were significantly lower (p=.001) than those of the RM group. Of all the athletes examined, 56% had serum ferritin values indicative of storage iron depletion. Mean values for serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and percent transferrin saturation were in the normal range for both groups, but TIBC values of the V group were significantly higher (p=.02) than the TIBC values of the RM group. Individually, four of the subjects, 22%, (3 V group and 1 RM group), had iron values indicative of iron deficient erythropoiesis. None of the other iron parameters was significantly different between the groups and none of the subjects was clinically anemic. The mean daily iron intake was not significantly different between the groups, but both groups averaged less than the RDA. The total caloric intake of both groups averaged less than 1800 kcals/day with 50% of the athletes consuming less than 1800 kcals/day, and another 28% consumed between 1800-2100 kcals/day. The V group consumed significantly more carbohydrate (p=.02) and less protein (p=.001) than the RM group, but none of the other dietary variables were significantly different between the groups. Conclusion: The two groups of subjects ingested almost the same amount of iron/day, however, the bioavailability of the iron in the diets may have affected iron absorption as the iron stores of the V group were lower than those of the RM group.
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Winslow, Wendy. "Pregnancy as a project : 12 women’s experience of a first pregnancy after age 35." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24425.
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This study explores the experience of a select group of women pregnant for the first time after age 35. A grounded theory approach was used to collect, code, compare, and contrast data arising from a series of indepth interviews. The resultant theoretical construct showed that these women conceived of pregnancy as a four phase project. Each phase revolved around a major concept and had a related goal. The women moved from the early planning and controlling phases through transition to a phase of uncertainty about how they would incorporate motherhood into their lives. Implications for nursing relate to the women's sophisticated learning needs, their ability to plan and control their experiences, their lack of synchronization with societal norms, their self confidence, and their continuing careers.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Cross, Sarah. "Changing places : landscape and mortuary practice in the Irish Middle Bronze Age /." *McMaster only, 2000.
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Teissier, Beatrice. "Egyptian iconography on Syro-Palestinian cylinder seals of the middle bronze age /." Fribourg (Suisse) : Göttingen : University press ; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb358189649.
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Scerri, Eleanor. "The Aterian and its place in the North African Middle Stone Age." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/367294/.
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The Aterian is a frequently cited stone tool (‘lithic’) industry of the Middle Stone Age (MSA) (ca. 270-50,000-ka) of North Africa. Dating from at least 145 ka, the Aterian’s association with distinctive ‘tang’ hafted tools, the use of pigments, shell beads and other non-lithic artefacts is hypothesised to represent the earliest manifestations of identity and ethnicity, a reflection of ‘modern human cognition’. However, an alternative view contests the extent of the Aterian’s geographical, temporal and cultural integrity. This thesis is the first detailed study to quantitatively test both these hypotheses and establish the technological character of a region at the nexus of human dispersals. Nineteen spatially and temporally representative lithic assemblages from the North African MSA, together with one outgroup from the Arabian Middle Palaeolithic are compared. Building on the emerging evidence for North African population increases and climatic amelioration in Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, this research develops nested analytical models premised on cultural ecology and niche construction. Subsequent analysis explores the North African MSA as a landscape of population differentiation and/or isolation by distance. A suite of multivariate statistics is used to isolate uncorrelated sources of variability in the data. Principal Components, Correspondence and Regression Analyses suggest that the patterns of similarity and difference observed between assemblages do not simplistically articulate with traditional divisions between named industries. In particular, the Aterian is not defined by the presence of tanged tools. Results instead indicate technological convergence and isolation-by distance structure much of the variability. The identification of aggregation sites also attests the presence of social networks. It is argued that the existence of population structure in the North African MSA has important implications for the evolutionary dynamics of modern human dispersals. The methods and models used here are particularly relevant to further exploring the origins of cultural diversification.
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McCreery, Allyson Marie. "Evidence for Warfare on Crete during the Early and Middle Bronze Age." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/100690.
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Art HistoryM.A.
This thesis analyzes the role of warfare on Crete during the Early and Middle Minoan periods (EM and MM). Defensive architecture and weaponry production, utilization and representation are used as evidence for warfare during these periods. Furthermore, this thesis builds upon the scholarship of Minoan warfare in order to define the limitations of the defensive capabilities of Minoan Crete. The EM and MM periods on Crete show a slow advancement towards more sophisticated warfare practices. This is demonstrated by the intensification of defensive architectural programs and advanced weaponry technology of the early MM period. At the same time, population increase and social complexity may have caused extensive tension within communities, perhaps causing an increase in small-scale warfare or violence. Additionally, trade with settlements in the Aegean and the Levant may have inspired and initialized new practices in defensive mechanisms. Thus, the archaeological record of EM and MM Crete provides enough evidence to suggest warfare not only existed, but continually advanced in strategy and tactics.
Temple University--Theses
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Wolf, Johannes. "The art of arts : theorising pastoral power in the English Middle Ages." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/278517.
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Gregory the Great described the government of souls as ‘the art of arts,’ a sentiment that the Fourth Lateran Council would echo in 1215. This thesis takes as its fundamental proposition that this ‘art’ can be understood as a ‘craft’, one that is responsible for producing and maintaining a Christian subjectivity marked by introspection, inwardness, and a strong distrust of externalities. Using a theoretical framework influenced by Michel Foucault I suggest a tradition of administering and producing these subjects through ‘pastoral power.’ Charting the trajectory of these ideas from the ascetics of the early church through to fifteenth-century Middle English texts, I explore the dynamics produced by texts invested in producing this specific form of subjectivity as they expand their reach from a specialised audience of monks to an increasingly laicised vernacular sphere. This investigation is broken into two halves. The thesis begins with a re-reading of Michel Foucault’s theories of power and subjection. Here I suggest that there are important conceptual connections between Foucault’s concept of ‘discipline’ and medieval approaches to the care of the soul. The first half of the thesis stresses the longue durée development of pastoral power, focussing on two particular historical moments. The first of these chapters engages with the pastoral and monastic thinkers of the early church, who developed two overlapping regimes – that of body and spirit. The second turns to the Ancrene Wisse, arguing that the it responds to the developments of twelfth-century spirituality by suggesting a form of spiritual engagement that is increasingly imbricated in the mundane world. The second half of the thesis focuses on a number of texts produced in Middle English during the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries. Two chapters focus on a collection of pastoral texts produced in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The first focuses on the hermeneutic dynamics of these texts whilst second chapter assesses the use of documentary imagery and theories of legal accountability in the same texts. The final chapter suggests that certain proto-autobiographical texts, represented by the work of Julian of Norwich and Margery Kempe, are conditioned by the concerns and dynamics of pastoral power, which also affects the practices modern readers bring to bear on them.
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Jolin, Annette I. "Growing old and going straight: examining the role of age in criminal career termination." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/66.
Full textAbstract:
This study was designed to investigate mid-life desistance from crime as a function of general mid-life change. Adult developmental theory postulates that major occupational or lifestyle changes occur during mid-life, more so than during other developmental periods in adulthood. Such changes are said to occur in conjunction with specific transitional processes experienced by the middle-aged male. The abandonment of a criminal career at mid-life is viewed as a significant occupational and lifestyle change. It is examined in relation to the postulated transitional processes affecting aspects of the life areas of work and social relationships, as well as health and psychological well-being. Structured interviews were conducted with a small group of former career criminals and a small group of currently imprisoned middle-aged career offenders. Career offenders were compared with middle-age general population men, and former career offenders were compared with imprisoned career offenders. Limitations of the research design and the sampling methods are also discussed. The findings suggest that middle-aged career offenders, regardless of whether they have terminated their criminal careers or are still imprisoned, in large part resemble general population men in terms of mid-life concerns. A comparative analysis of ex-offender and inmate responses suggests that while the men resemble each other closely in the area of mid-life concerns, successful change away from a criminal career at mid-life means that mid-life developmental tasks must be accompanied by relatively well-developed social relationships and the ability to gain control of drug and alcohol problems.
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Kwok, Yin-fung Pauly. "Effects of socioeconomic status, social support and psychological status on alcohol consumption in people aged 50 or older : a cross sectional study of baseline data from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38479941.
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Beach, Foley Thomas. "The effects of mid-life transition on a man's call to the ministry." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Curtiss, Karin (Karin Elizabeth). "Conceptualizations of Young, Middle-aged, and Older Adults and the Ingroup-outgroup Complexity Effect." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278347/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the present study was to investigate Linville's (1982) ingroup-outgroup complexity hypothesis through descriptive card sorts created by young, middle-aged, and older adults regarding their own and other age groups.
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Demirci, Ekin. "Changes In The Settlement Pattern In The Cukurova Region (cilicia) From The Middle Bronze Age To The Late Bronze Age." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610319/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The Çukurova Region (Cilicia) is an alluvial plain enriched by the rivers of Seyhan and Ceyhan, surrounded by the Taurus mountain range in the North and West and the Amanos Mountains in the east
and stretching from the skirts of the Bolkar-Aladag massif to Mediterranean Sea at its southern most extension. The region is thus an inaccessible marginal zone except only reachable through several mountains passes from the Anatolian Plateau or from the sea through the harbour towns. The research subject of this thesis is to evaluate the region and the changes in the settlement pattern, covering the time period from the Middle Bronze Age (ca. 1900-1650 B.C.) to the end of Late Bronze Age (ca. 1200 B.C.) by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to analyse archaeological survey data. Data sets are collected from old and recent archaeological surveys and spatially analysed under a set of parameters (density and proximity) in order to define the habitation patterns throughout the mentioned time periods. An effort was made to challenge the theory that settlement pattern changes were resulted from the impact of the Imperial Hittite policy in the LBA, and some alternative suggestions are presented.
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Gallorini, Carla. "Incised marks on pottery and other objects from Kahun : systems of communication in Egypt during the late Middle Kingdom." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317898/.
Full textAbstract:
During excavations at the Middle Kingdom settlement site of Kahun Petrie assembled a corpus of over 600 objects (mainly sherds but also a few wooden implements) incised with marks. These are now housed in British Museum, The Petrie Museum and the Manchester Museum, and constitute the largest corpus of Middle Kingdom marks from one site still accessible. The material was only partially published by Petrie and the marks have never been analysed in relation to the objects on which they are incised. The first step has been to compile a catalogue of all incised objects. This is presented as accompanying data. Chapter 1 offers a reconstruction of the excavation at Kahun based on Petrie's published and unpublished records, to gain a better understanding of the excavation, the site, and also how the material now in England was assembled. In the second chapter the pottery types with marks are described and compared with the contemporary pottery corpus of the Eastern Delta and Memphis/Fayum region. The intent is to propose a chronological sequence for the pottery and the marks, and also to check whether the marks are characteristic of a limited range of pottery types, or are widespread. Chapters 3 and 4 discuss respectively the typology of the marks incised before and after firing. In Chapter 5 the sites where Middle Kingdom pottery incised with marks has been excavated are assembled and listed from North to South. Chapters 6 and 7 discuss the other two classes of objects with marks recovered at Kahun: foreign pottery and wooden tools. The last chapter offers a general overview, including a comparison of the marks incised on pottery with other marking systems and also with the emerging 'alphabetic' scripts of the Late Middle Bronze Age.
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Menotti, Francesco. "The 'missing period' : Middle Bronze Age lake-dwellings in the northern Alpine region." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313587.
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Brück, Joanna. "The early-middle Bronze Age transition in Wessex, Sussex and the Thames Valley." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272493.
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Van, Niekerk Karen Loise. "Marine fish exploitation during the middle and later Stone Age of South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12238.
Full textAbstract:
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 298-335).
Marine fish remains are not common in Middle Stone Age (MSA) sites in Africa. There are currently only two known MSA sites with good organic preservation in South Africa that contain marine fish remains in relatively high numbers: Blombos Cave (BBC) and Klasies River main site (KR). Marine fish exploitation is considered by some researchers as a marker of modern human behaviour, requiring cognitive and technological capacities thought to have only appeared after 50 000 years ago, during the Later Stone Age (LSA).
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Hays, Francis Myron 1963. "Additional indications for genetic counseling in women of advanced maternal age." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276901.
Full textAbstract:
Genetic counseling for women with advanced maternal age is well established medical standard of care. However, only one study has yet been done to test the validity of that policy. Records of 283 patients referred for genetic counseling with advanced maternal age as a primary indication were examined. Of these, 57.6% had at least one additional indication. This value did differ significantly from Rubin's data which reported a 43.3% rate (X2 = 13.01, p > 0.001). The additional indications were broken down according to McKusick's system, and a statistical difference between my and Rubin's data was found in the autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, potential teratogenic exposure and miscellaneous categories. There was no significant statistical difference between my and Rubin's data in the X-linked, chromosomal anomalies and multifactorial groups. These data underscore the need for physicians to refer patients with advanced maternal age for genetic counseling, and provides a scientific basis for doing so.
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Dolan, Diana C. "Cognitive Dysfunction in Middle-Aged Adults vs. Older Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc11049/.
Full textAbstract:
The presence of cognitive deficits in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is well-documented. Specifically, short- and long-term memory, attention/vigilance, and executive function (e.g. processing speed, mental flexibility, and problem solving) are affected. Cognitive deficits in aging occur in similar areas (i.e., memory and processing speed). Given that a greater percentage of older adults experience sleep-disordered breathing as compared to middle-aged adults, it is possible that OSA may account for some of the deficits typically attributed to aging. This study investigated this hypothesis by comparing middle-aged and older adults with and without OSA on computer-based measures of cognitive performance. No effect of OSA or an interaction between OSA and age on cognitive function was found; an effect of age on processing speed, distinguishing stimuli rapidly, attention, spatial ability/mental flexibility, and both working memory and short-term visual memory was found. This study also explored whether or not cognitive function may be improved in persons with OSA by re-assessing those participants one month after treatment. An effect of treatment on improvements on processing speed, distinguishing stimuli rapidly, mental flexibility, and short term memory was found. Overall, findings reflect the ability of treatment to improve cognitive function among OSA patients, regardless of lack of deficits when compared to those without OSA.
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Lee, Kwok-lun. "The oral epidemiology of 45-64 year-old Chinese residents of a housing estate in Hong Kong coronal and root caries /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628260.
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Shaw, Christine Jane. "Archaeological narratives of collapse at the end of the late Bronze Age in the Peloponnese and southern Levant." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683330.
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Hardy, Gary K. "Bridging the literature gap with age-appropriate writing for middle school boys and their teachers." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/GHardy2006.pdf.
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McNee, Barbara. "The potters' legacy : production, use and deposition of pottery in Kent, from the middle Bronze Age to the early Iron Age." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/367138/.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive study of prehistoric pottery throughout the region of Kent. Research will focus specifically on middle Bronze Age through to early/middle Iron Age pottery, a date range of approximately 1500 to 400 BC. The study of pottery offers a wealth of information relating to many aspects of the past and yet despite this, prehistoric pottery has been under-researched in Kent. A growing number of important pottery assemblages have been excavated and recent development-led archaeology has produced a great deal of new evidence from excavation and evaluation. This offers an important key to understanding the chronology and interpretation of settlement and burial sites. The basis of this study is to analyse pottery assemblages in order to develop an understanding of the societies who produced and consumed the ceramics, and to provide the foundation for a ceramic typological and chronological framework. This was undertaken through the study of some 77,000 pottery sherds from 66 sites across the region. The data was collected from personally recording and illustrating large assemblages of pottery sherds and by using data from ‘grey literature’, published reports and research by a number of pottery specialists. A form type series was devised, which demonstrates the range of pottery types present in Kent from the middle Bronze Age to early/middle Iron Age. A chronological sequence has been tentatively suggested, which is in need of refinement when more radiocarbon dates are available. A fabric series has been created and presents a brief summary of the types of fabrics used to make the vessels. Key areas were studied, namely, the production and distribution of the ceramics across Kent and how this compares to surrounding regions. Changes in both pottery form types and fabrics over 1000 years of potting history are evident and offer insights into the changing nature of social practises and settlement patterns. Consideration of how the ceramics have been deposited may also offer glimpses into the past, and also serve to highlight the complexities of site formation. This study contributes to a growing body of research on the prehistory of Kent. The limitations are also addressed and the scope for further research.
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Rothrauff, Tanja C. Ganong Lawrence H. "Older childless adults' inter-vivos transfers of emotional, instrumental, and financial support and predictors of giving to kin and non-kin." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/7194.
Full textAbstract:
Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on February 24, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Lawrence Ganong. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Dolan, Diana C. Taylor Daniel J. "Cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged adults vs. older adults with obstructive sleep apnea." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-11049.
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Doboš, Bohumil. "The New Middle Age: Theory of Irregular." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329734.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis deals with the issue of the conceptualization of the post-Westphalia world system by using the New Middle Age theory with focus on its geopolitical aspects. First the theoretical concepts concerning state, sovereignty, and the basis of the neomedievalist world view are tackled. After creating a theoretical tool to assess the appearance of the neomedieval world order we apply the criteria on four selected case studies - Somalia as an example of failed state, Pakistan as failing state, the European Union as a supra-state entity, and the People's Democratic Republic of Korea as a classical example of Westphalia-type state. In the conclusion the four case studies are brought together and our findings lead to the creation of an analytical tool which can be used for understanding basic geopolitical issues of different territories.
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Rice, Matthew E. Burmester Mike. "Legally resilient signatures a middle-age approach to a digital age problem /." Diss., 2005. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04152005-124655.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Florida State University, 2005.Advisor: Dr. Mike Burmester, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Computer Science. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 13, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 35 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Kuang-Chao, Lan, and 藍光照. "The Study of Middle Age''s entrepreneurial Model." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63625049838107230397.
Full textAbstract:
碩士銘傳大學
管理科學研究所碩士在職專班
91
This study discussed the relationship between the attributes and entrepreneur’s behaviour of Middle Age. Due to the background and motivation of entrepreneurial behaviour of Middle Age, several research results as followed: 1. The traits and personality fitness were minor factors of entrepreneurial behavior of Middle Age, but major on knowledge/experience for capturing the opportunities which probed by entrepreneur or partners. 2. To constrain by time and resources, the venturing evaluation was not fully investigated. Investment scale, market size and channel, professional skill and knowledge were major evaluation items. 3. Based on personal experience or partner’s support, most new businesses was focus on familiar territories. 4. The team members were friends and colleagues who covered in different fields, and funded for new venture. 5. The product line is simple and almostly focused on one’s familiar field. 6. More concerned about fund, market, product, channel, and business model, but not core competence formation.
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Liao, Tzu-hui, and 廖慈惠. "Middle-age worker stressor and withdrawal behaviors research." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72959794677186281132.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
人力資源管理研究所
99
Title: Research on middle-age worker’s stressors and withdrawal behaviors Student: Tzu Hui Liao Advisor: Jin Feng Uen By the trend of decreasing baby-bust and early-retirement, the labor force structure has changed. Middle age and older workers will become increasingly prevalent in the work place. The impact of an aging workforce raises the height-light issues facing employees today. During the global economic crisis in 2008, there are many business enterprises chose to lay off employees massively or offer unpaid leaves. And the middle age and older workers are the main target. Thus, this worker issue has become more and more important. Attention is mainly given to the human resource policies which may impact middle age workers such as performance management, selection and training etc. Less research has focused on attitudes toward the elderly held by middle-aged adults themselves. The presence of ageism in our society is of mounting concern with regard to the changing demographic shape of the workforce. Governments and organizations have become interested in the middle-age worker on performance, training, in recent years. Middle-age worker has numerous life and working experiences, so their mental and physical attitudes may vary form the ones held by the freshmen in labor market. Therefore, this research aims to explore on middle-age workers and withdrawal behaviors in depth in order to development the best human resource practices.
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Sievers, Christine. "Sedges as bedding in Middle Stone Age Sibudu." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/12922.
Full textAbstract:
A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science,
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
2013Cyperaceae (sedge) nutlets dominate the archaeobotanical assemblage of fruits and seeds recovered from the Middle Stone Age deposits at the rock shelter Sibudu, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (Sievers 2006). My aim is to investigate the implications of the nutlet presence in terms of human behaviour and to demonstrate that the nutlets were likely brought into the shelter on sedge culms (stems) deliberately harvested by people and informally placed on the shelter floor to provide “bedding”, a surface for working, resting or sleeping. I use various empirical and experimental approaches to confirm the use of sedges for bedding at Sibudu as early as ~77 000 years ago, almost 50 000 years earlier than any previously identified archaeological bedding. The bedding consists of the sedges Cladium mariscus subsp. jamaicense, Scleria natalensis, S. melanomphala, Cyperus sp. and a panicoid grass, identified through Scanning Electron Microscopy To investigate repeated and deliberate burning of bedding at Sibudu, I use experimental micromorphology and I compare the signatures of the Sibudu sediments with burned fresh sedge and grass bedding. I undertake further fire experiments, also in open air situations, to answer questions about burning sedge beds and the taphonomic implications. Experimental sedge bedding fires are hot and brief. The matrix beneath the fires affects the temperatures achieved both on the surface directly under the fire, and at depths of 2 cm and 5 cm below the surface; an ash matrix conducts heat more effectively than a matrix of 1–2 mm sized particles and allows for carbonisation of buried nutlets. The burning of dry and green bedding indicates that once the bedding is burning, the temperatures are sufficient to carbonise sedge nutlets below both dry and moist bedding. The methodological innovations I introduce are the use of experimental micromorphology to address an archaeobotanical question and the use of GIS-based coexistence analysis of southern African archaeobotanical data to make interpretations about past climate. The analysis develops previous palaeovegetation research in the area (Sievers 2006; Wadley et al. 2008) and provides an environmental context for people/plant activities at Sibudu.