Academic literature on the topic 'Subject Italy'
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Journal articles on the topic "Subject Italy"
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Ledgeway, Adam, Norma Schifano, and Giuseppina Silvestri. "Changing alignments in the Greek of southern Italy." Journal of Greek Linguistics 20, no. 1 (June 4, 2020): 5–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15699846-02001003.
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Abstract This article investigates a peculiar pattern of subject case-marking in the Greek of southern Italy. Recent fieldwork with native speakers, coupled with the consultation of some written sources, reveals that, alongside prototypical nominative subjects, Italo-Greek also licenses accusative subjects, despite displaying a predominantly nominative-accusative alignment. Far from being random replacements within a highly attrited grammar, the distribution of these accusative subjects obeys specific structural principles, revealing similarities with historical attestations of the so-called “extended accusative” in early Indo-European. On the basis of these data, Italo-Greek is argued to be undergoing a progressive shift towards an active-stative alignment, a claim supported by additional evidence from auxiliary selection, adverb agreement and sentential word order.
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Fedeli, Piergiorgio, Nunzia Cannovo, Rosa Guarino, and Vincenzo Graziano. "Informed Consent for Genetics Research in Italy." Open Medicine Journal 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874220301906010006.
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Background:Genetic research has become an indispensable instrument for medical research, and the subjects involved have both divergent and convergent interests.Objective:The possibility of having more detailed genetic information undoubtedly offers benefits for the health of the subject, but could also pose risks and make the subject vulnerable to discrimination.The scientific community has viewed very favorably the public health utility of family history, in which data from a family whose members suffer from chronic pathologies is collected and filed, in order to develop a sort of "stratification of family risk."Even though in the last decade the scientific and juridical literature has contributed greatly to the topic of biobanks, the perplexities that continue to surround this theme give the idea that current ethical protocols on research are inadequate.Conclusion:Genetic data must be used not to exploit, but to serve the person. Freedom and responsibility must be the twin guiding lights for establishing parameters for the use of biological samples. An evaluation of how this technology impacts the various aspects of the future of society is urgently needed.
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Pizzorno, Alessandro. "Opposition in Italy." Government and Opposition 32, no. 4 (October 1997): 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1997.tb00451.x.
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IN ROBERT DAHL'S ACCOUNT OF THE SUBJECT ‘OPPOSITION’ IS SEEN AS a political actor, opposing the government in parliament, having goals and strategies, being cohesive or not, well identifiable or not, aggressive or less aggressive in its action, and so on. As it is a ‘theory of action’, applying it would necessarily require (as Jean Blondel also shows in his essay) determining the ‘goals’ of the opposition. One would then be able to predict what a certain opposition would probably be doing, and explain why one type of opposition must be classified as different from another. I maintain, however, that the concept of ‘the goals of a political actor’ is a very elusive, and at the very least, an oversimplified concept. Indeed, it is impossible to match it with the facts and operationalize it. The analysis of the Italian case during the First Republic shows this clearly.
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Salvini, Simonetta, Calogero Saieva, Anna Vittoria Ciardullo, Salvatore Panico, Giovanna Masala, Melania Assedi, Franco Berrino, et al. "Physical Activity in the EPIC-Italy Centers." Tumori Journal 89, no. 6 (November 2003): 646–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089160308900608.
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The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition offers the opportunity to explore patterns of physical activity in a large series of healthy adults enrolled in the different local cohorts of the Italian section of the European EPIC project. Physical activity is considered one of the means by which chronic disease could be prevented. Subjects in the EPIC study completed a life-style questionnaire, with a section dedicated to the assessment of physical activity at work and during leisure time. Time spent in the various activities was transformed into an index of physical activity (physical activity level, PAL) and an activity index that includes intense activity (PAL; intense activity included). Quintiles of these indexes were computed in order to observe the distribution of subject characteristics according to levels of physical activity. In general, the population was characterized by low levels of physical activity at work, with more than 50% of the sample reporting sedentary occupations. During leisure time, only a small percentage of subjects compensated for the inactivity at work by engaging in energy-consuming activities. In particular, organized fitness activities were reported by a small percentage of people, whereas walking was the most common sort of physical activity. Specific types of activity seemed to characterize subjects in the different areas of the country, reflecting local traditions or specific living situations. Detailed information about physical activity habits, together with a description of other characteristics, could help in designing physical activity promotion programs in different Italian populations and age groups.
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Loconsole, Daniela, Anna Sallustio, Francesca Centrone, Daniele Casulli, Marisa Accogli, Annalisa Saracino, Caterina Foti, et al. "Monkeypox Virus Infections in Southern Italy: Is There a Risk for Community Spread?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18 (September 17, 2022): 11719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811719.
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The ongoing outbreak of the Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is characterized by sustained human-to-human transmission, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of the MPXV infection identified in Southern Italy. Clinical samples for each suspected case identified from 1 June to 1 August 2022 were tested for MPXV, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on two strains. Ten cases were identified: eight were young adult males, including six MSMs, and two were female. Nine subjects reported recent sexual exposure. One female subject without sexual exposure only reported attendance at a social gathering. Overall, 7 of 10 skin lesion samples had a high viral load of MPXV DNA, and 6/9 whole blood samples and 6/8 nasopharyngeal swab samples also tested positive. The analyzed sequences belonged to Clade 3, lineage B.1, and B.1.5, respectively. Despite this recent multinational outbreak of MPXV cases having revealed a high proportion of cases occurring among MSM, the identification of cases among heterosexual subjects and in a female subject without sexual risk factors should raise awareness among clinicians about the possible spread of MPXV in the general population.
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Frasson, Alberto, Roberta D’Alessandro, and Brechje van Osch. "Subject Clitics in Microcontact: A Case Study from Heritage Friulian in Argentina and Brazil." Heritage Language Journal 18, no. 1 (June 18, 2021): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15507076-12340001.
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Abstract In this paper we present data from first generation immigrants (G1) and second and third generation heritage speakers of Friulian, a Rhaeto-Romance language spoken in North-Eastern Italy and also found in Argentina and Brazil. The target phenomenon is subject clitics (SCL s). We show that SCL s in heritage Friulian are in a process of being reanalyzed from being agreement markers to pronouns. While SCL s are obligatory in Friulian as spoken in Italy, they are often dropped in heritage Friulian in Argentina and Brazil; this phenomenon, we argue, needs to be interpreted as the drop of pronominal subjects, and not of agreement-like SCL s. We also demonstrate that the use of SCL s (reanalyzed as pronominal subjects) is conditioned both by grammatical factors (it happens more in some grammatical persons than in others) and by discourse factors (they are used more in the case of a continuation topic than in other topicalization contexts). This means that in heritage Friulian, discourse constraints on the expression of subjects are not being lost or weakened; in fact, against the general grammaticalization trend of pronominal forms, new discourse constraints are introduced.
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Petrucci, Maria Teresa, Elisabetta Calabrese, Anna Levi, Vincenzo Federico, Michela Ceccolini, Rita Rizzi, Alessandro Gozzetti, et al. "Economic and Social Burden of Multiple Myeloma in Italy: The Co.Mi.M. Study." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 2393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2393.2393.
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Abstract Background. Few data are available on the impact of multiple myeloma (MM) on Italian healthcare expenditure and society broadly. This is especially important because of the increased prevalence of MM in Italy. Aim and methods. The Co.Mi.M. study is a cross-sectional retrospective, prevalence-based study (Tarricone, Health Policy, 2006) that involved 5 Italian hematologic institutions and designed to measure resource utilization associated with MM management in terms of direct and indirect costs in a societal perspective. A specific questionnaire was administered to obtain anonymous, subject-level data on health-care utilization and costs in 236 subjects with MM. Quality of Life (QoL) data collection was included in the protocol. Data sources included clinical records and interviews with physicians and patients. Four disease-phases were considered in a stratified distribution that reflects real clinical practice: asymptomatic (“watch and wait”); symptomatic, receiving an autotransplant; symptomatic, receiving drugs; and plateau/remission. Costs were identified over 1 year of disease management with regard to: drugs; visits; laboratory tests; hospital admissions; support devices; home assistance; travel; and reduced productivity of patients and caregivers. Costs for lost working days were derived according to the human capital method using national average earnings per working category. No clinical outcomes were collected. Health-related QoL was measured using the EORTC QLQ-C30. Results. The sample distribution was as follows: 16.5% asymptomatic; 12.3% symptomatic, receiving an autotransplant; 44.5% symptomatic, receiving drugs; and 26.7% plateau/remission. The average social costs per subject per year were €20,868. Direct health-care costs (hospitalizations, drugs, diagnostics, visits, etc) were €16,867 per subject per year; direct non-health care costs (transportation, hotels, paid care, etc.) were €1,776 per patient per year; indirect costs (productivity loss) were €2,225 per subject per year. The average direct health care costs per subject per year in the different subgroups were: €755, €53,102; €18,882; €6,803. The groups with the highest resource utilization were (b) the autotransplanted and (c) those receiving drugs. Specifically, 95% of total hospitalizations were related to autotransplant. Conclusion. The main resource utilization comes for direct medical costs. MM treatment strategy has changed dramatically in the last years. In particular, transplant and pharmacological treatments represent the most relevant costs, although counterbalanced by the highly increased clinical outcomes reported in the literature. After year 2000 the post-relapse survival has steadily improved. In particular, an improvement in survival amongst patients who had access to one or more innovative drugs has been demonstrated (Shaji Kumar, Blood, 2007).
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ZANELLI, G., A. SANSONI, A. ZANCHI, S. CRESTI, S. POLLINI, G. M. ROSSOLINI, and C. CELLESI. "Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in the community: a survey from central Italy." Epidemiology and Infection 129, no. 2 (October 2002): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268802007434.
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Recently, concern has increased regarding the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the community. We studied 812 subjects from central Italy to establish the rates of nasal carriage of S. aureus, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns, in the community. The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was 30.5%. Only one subject, with predisposing risk factors for acquisition, was identified as carrier of MRSA (prevalence of 0.12%). The presence of MRSA in the community of our area still appears to be a rare event. Among methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates, a surprisingly high rate (18%) of resistance to rifampin was observed.
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Prosperi, Luigi. "‘With or Without You’: Why Italy Should Incorporate Crimes Against Humanity and Genocide Into Its National Legal System." International Criminal Law Review 21, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 698–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10058.
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Abstract By ratifying the Genocide Convention, Italy undertook an obligation to enact legislation ‘to provide effective penalties for persons guilty of genocide’. Accordingly, in 1967 the legislator incorporated the offences enumerated in the convention into the domestic legal system. As it was under no such obligation with regard to crimes against humanity, Italy has not criminalized them. Two major legal issues arise from this decision. First, Italy may be unable to execute cooperation requests submitted by the International Criminal Court, and thus breach an international obligation. Furthermore, domestic authorities can only charge suspects with ‘corresponding’ ordinary offences, which are subject to statutes of limitations. Both issues are addressed in the Draft Convention on Crimes Against Humanity adopted by the International Law Commission, whose provisions require States Parties to enact legislation to ensure that under domestic criminal law such crimes constitute offences and are not subject to a statute of limitations.
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Cognola, Federica. "On the left periphery of three languages of Northern Italy." Linguistic Variation 19, no. 1 (September 24, 2019): 82–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lv.16005.cog.
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Abstract Through a focus on the properties of subject-finite verb inversion and XP fronting in three relaxed V2 languages, namely Cimbrian, Ladin and Mòcheno, this paper aims to widen and refine our understanding of relaxed V2 languages, i.e. languages in which the V2 property should be understood in a technical sense as obligatory V-to-C movement, not as a simple description referring to linearisation (Benincà 2006, 2013; Ledgeway 2016). It will be shown that inversion differs across relaxed V2 languages in two ways. In a first subtype, inversion is not associated with any marked pragmatic interpretation of the lexical subject and the subject appears in an A position in the IP area: this type is instantiated by Old Italian (Benincà 2006, Poletto 2014). A second option, instantiated by the languages considered in this paper, is that the lexical subject receives a pragmatically marked interpretation which is encoded in a Functional Projection (FP) in the vP periphery (Belletti 2004, Poletto 2006). This paper confirms that V3/V4 word orders involve the presence of a double articulation for foci and wh-elements, which appear in different positions in the CP layer in relaxed V2 languages (Poletto 2002, Wolfe 2015 a,b). It also contributes to our understanding of the syntax of topics in relaxed V2 languages by showing that (i) topics can be moved to CP and (ii) the movement option is not restricted to main clauses lacking an XP in the left periphery; it also occurs in interrogative clauses (unlike in the relaxed V2 varieties considered in Walkden 2014, 2015).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Subject Italy"
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Falà, Filippo. "Determinazione dei Meccanismi Focali e del Tensore dello Sforzo in Italia Meridionale." Thesis, Università degli Studi di Catania, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/114.
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Allo scopo di determinare il regime di sforzo in Sicilia orientale, sono stati analizzati gli eventi sismici (Md superiore a 2.0) registrati nel periodo Agosto 2001 - Dicembre 2008. I settori delle Isole Eolie, della Sicilia nord-orientale, dell'Etna e della Sicilia sud-orientale sono stati esaminati separatamente. La distribuzione ipocentrale di circa 464 terremoti, si concentra in corrispondenza dei principali lineamenti tettonici, sia nella porzione interna che in mare. Per ottenere soluzioni focali piu' affidabili e' stata eseguita l'analisi di polarizzazione delle onde di taglio, per gli eventi di buona qualita', al fine di invertire congiuntamente le polarita' dei primi impulsi delle onde P e le direzioni di polarizzazione delle fasi S. Nella regione di studio, sono state ricavate differenti tipologie di soluzioni di piani di faglia. In Sicilia sud-orientale e nelle Isole Eolie si ha una predominanza di meccanismi di strike-slip e di tipo normale, mentre nell' area dello Stretto di Messina e in Sicilia nord-orientale prevalgono soluzioni di dip-slip di tipo normale. Una consistente orientazione NNW-SSE degli assi P e' stata ottenuta per l' Avampaese Ibleo, sia nella parte interna che nel Mar Ionio, e per il settore nord-occidentale dell' Etna. Per gli altri settori non e' stata individuata alcuna orientazione preferenziale degli assi P. Al fine di determinare il campo di sforzo, circa 250 meccanismi focali e diversi sottovolumi, basati sulla distribuzione della sismicita' e sul metodo del misfit cumulativo, sono stati invertiti utilizzando l' algoritmo di Gephart e Forsyth (1984). I risultati ottenuti per lo Stretto di Messina e la Sicilia nord-orientale, evidenziano un regime di tipo distensivo, con sigma1 prossimo alla verticale e sigma3 orizzontale, orientato circa WNW-ESE. Un campo di stress di tipo compressivo, con sigma1 che varia da NNW-SSE a N-S, e' stato ricavato nelle Isole Eolie, in Sicilia sud-orientale e nel settore nord-occidentale dell' Etna. Tale direzione del tensore dello sforzo, e' consistente con l' orientazione del campo di stress a scala regionale.Seismic activity (Md higher than 2.0), recorded from August 2001 to December 2008, has been analyzed in order to estimate the seismic stress orientation in eastern Sicily and surrounding areas. The sub-areas of Aeolian Islands, northeastern Sicily, Mt. Etna volcano and southeastern Sicily have been separately analysed. The distribution of about 464 earthquakes highlighted the main tectonic features both inland and offshore. For the best located events, a shear wave polarization analysis has been performed with the aim to obtain more reliable focal mechanisms by combining P-wave polarities with S-wave polarizations. Different fault plane solution categories are present in the investigated region. A predominance of strike-slip and normal faults characterize the southeastern Sicily and Aeolian Islands sectors, whereas a prevalence of normal dip-slip solutions was observed in Messina Strait and northeastern Sicily. The P-axes analysis showed a significant NNW-SSE orientation both in the Hyblean Foreland, inland and offshore, and in the northwestern slope of Mt. Etna. No preferential orientation was observed in other sectors. About 250 focal mechanisms and various subsamples, based on the pattern of seismicity distributions and cumulative misfit method, were subsequently inverted by using the algorithm of Gephart and Forsyth (1984), for the best fitting stress tensor. The results show an extensional domain, characterized by a nearly vertical sigma1 and a horizontal WNW-ESE trending sigma3 axis in Messina Strait and northeastern Sicily. A compressional stress regime, with a sigma1 oriented from NNW-SSE to N-S was estimated in Aeolian Islands, southeastern Sicily and in the northwestern side of Mt. Etna, respectively, which is consistent with the regional stress field.
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Fabini, G. "BORDERING SUBJECTS. THE UNSPOKEN INCORPORATION OF UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS IN ITALY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/362930.
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Socio-legal and criminological research make sense of the mechanisms of border control by taking for granted that the main aim of logic of control is one to exclude, therefore they generally focus on removal procedures. My research takes a different approach: my focus is on the far more frequent conditions under which undocumented migrants are informally allowed to remain despite official permission. Therefore, in looking at the immigration control regimes, my focus will be on undocumented migrants living inside national territories rather than removal procedures.
Undocumented migrants are generally seen as resulting from immigration law failing to enforce removal. On the contrary, I argue that undocumented migrants living inside national territories may be seen as the very product of law instead of its failure. In a sense, immigration control regimes are mechanisms that exclude through removal and at the same time processes of production of a new subject, that is, the undocumented migrant living inside national territories despite official permission.
This thesis aims to enrich the literature on control by looking at the differential inclusion of those many undocumented migrants living in the territory. Differential inclusion is a concept elaborated by Sandro Mezzadra and Brett Neilson (2013); it is an invitation to look at the mechanisms of inclusion that can involve various degrees of subordination, rule, discrimination, racism, disenfranchisement, exploitation and segmentation. In this line, the foucauldian concept of discipline goes exactly in the direction of acknowledging punishment, specifically imprisonment, as a tool to normalize individuals, in order to make them to conform to the norm and include them in disciplined societies (Foucault, 1977). Hence, inclusion and exclusion are assembled logics. As well as it seems a logic of inclusion the one behind imprisonment, at least at the origin of capitalism and the modern state: prison is aimed at disciplining the individual to labour, at producing the disciplined worker useful for the development of capitalistic economy (Melossi and Pavarini, 1981). My theoretical perspective will move from here.
One main concern of the present work is that, even if internal border control relies on similar discourses, power relations, and laws at the global level, I argue that it produce dissimilar outcomes depending on the local context. Therefore, by accepting Saskia Sassen’s invitation to see “the global inside the national” (Sassen, 2010), my aim is to show that the global logics meet other logics, conditions, and history at the local level, which affects the expected outcomes. On the one hand, the outcomes of global borders control depend on the local level; on the other hand, the local dimension is the only dimension where it is possible to study, recognize and understand even global dynamics.
Using a case study of internal border control in Bologna, Italy, I will examine the logics underpinning global border control at the local level, as this may question the logics of global border control often taken for granted. The core of investigation will be the interaction between police and undocumented migrants at the internal borders, that is, once migrants have crossed external borders and live inside the territory. My case study looks at undocumented migrants in Bologna (Italy) continually undergoing police checks, being charged, and even detained. Few are actually removed; the great majority remains and finds their place in the Italian shadow economy. I argue that what we see in Bologna is a logic of subordinated inclusion rather than exclusion, whose main result is the production of a subject who may not completely belong, yet is not completely excluded either.
Police are at the core of present investigation, as the Italian immigration law entrusts the control over undocumented immigration to general police (a specific immigration police have never been issued in Italy indeed). Even so, police practices are not taken into consideration alone: what really stands at the core of present research is the interaction between migrants and police. I consider that migrants are not passive subjects in the immigration control regime, but by enacting strategies of resistance, they oppose the police, force them towards negotiation, and contribute to the final results of interaction. The present analysis acknowledges that migrants oppose strategies of subjectivation to the strategies of subjection enacted by the police, which originates that migrants are active agents in the mechanisms of control that produce them as subjects.
The conclusions discuss the importance to broaden our consideration of the elements taking part in the immigration control regime. They proposes that immigration penalty is much wider than just removal procedures. They summarize the process of creation of the peculiar subject of the present case study, underling global and local dynamics of power, and it will shed light on the connection between penalty, border, and economy.
The process of bordering subjects in the specific case study of this investigation opens up for two additional considerations. 1 the analysis of border control should also take economy into account. 2) the bodies of undocumented migrants are the concrete manifestation of the link between economy and penalty. I argue that the complex processes through which undocumented migrants are produced as subject may be analysed as one segment of “the discursive interactions of all the actors“ (Melossi 2008: 7) which link penalty and economy. The research is aimed at answering the crucial question of how such mechanisms come to be. In fact, rather than as a well-organized and preconceived apparatus, the mechanisms of control is intended as the result of not planned actions of individual actors, who time after time look for the “best” way to manage the complex situation of undocumented immigration.
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Salih, Ruba. "Transnational lives, plurinational subjects : identity, migration and difference among Moroccan women in Italy." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302239.
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Brožová, Jana. "Analýza podnikání českých podnikatelských subjektů v Itálii na příkladu vybraných firem." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-196960.
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This thesis reports on the business of Czech entrepreneurial entities on the Italian market, in particular about their problems during penetration of this market and other specifics, which they daily have to deal with. The first chapter is devoted to the review of trade balance between Italy and the Czech Republic. It analyses the current state but also the recent development of the trade with goods and services, the commodity structure and the Italian investment environment. The second chapter deals with the most important export promotion organizations both in Italy and the Czech Republic. The third chapter analyzes the Italian market using the PEST analysis, which reviews the political-legal, economic, socio-cultural and technological influences on the market. The following three chapters describe the outcomes of a qualitative research conducted in three companies operating in different fields. The final chapter provides a comprehensive output in the form of a SWOT analysis of the Italian market and a set of several pieces of advice for current and future Czech exporters to the Italian market. The conclusion only recapitulates the previous chapters and summarizes the most important findings resulting from this thesis.
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McWilliams, Anna. "An Archaeology of the Iron Curtain : Material and Metaphor." Doctoral thesis, Södertörns högskola, Arkeologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-20766.
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The Iron Curtain was seen as the divider between East and West in Cold War Europe. The term is closely connected to the Cold War and expressions such as ‘behind the Iron Curtain’ or ‘after the fall of the Iron Curtain’ are common within historical discussions in the second half of the twentieth century. Even if the term was used regularly as a metaphor there was also a material side with a series of highly militarised borders running throughout Europe. The metaphor and the material borders developed together and individually, sometimes intertwined and sometimes separate. In my research I have carried out two fieldwork studies at sites that can be considered part of the former Iron Curtain. The first study area is located between Italy and Slovenia (formerly Yugoslavia) in which the division between the two towns of Nova Gorica on the Slovenian side and Gorizia on the Italian side was investigated. The second study area is located on the border between Austria and Czech Republic (formerly Czechoslovakia) within two national parks. A smaller study was also carried out in Berlin as the Berlin Wall is considered of major importance in the context of the Iron Curtain. This research has resulted in large quantities of sources and information and a constant need to re-evaluate the methods used within an archaeology of a more recent past. This thesis falls within what is usually referred to as contemporary archaeology, a fairly young sub-discipline of archaeology. Few large research projects have so far been published, and methods have been described as still somewhat experimental. Through my fieldwork it has been possible to acknowledge and highlight the problems and opportunities within contemporary archaeology. It has become clear how the materials stretch both through time and place demonstrating the complex process of how the material that archaeologists investigate can be created. The material of the Iron Curtain, is also well worth studying in its own right.
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GÖHDE, Ferdinand Nicolas. "Foreign soldiers in the risorgimento and anti-risorgimento : a transnational military history of Germans in the Italian armed groups, 1834-1870." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/33052.
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Defence date: 3 October 2014Examining Board: Professor Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, supervisor (European University Institute); Professor Lucy Riall (European University Institute); Professor Catherine Brice (Université Paris-Est Créteil); Professor Oliver Janz (Freie Universität Berlin).
This thesis compares the motives, experiences and practices of Germans in the Papal, Bourbon and Garibaldian armed groups. It shows how solidarity was, on all political sides, increasingly conceptualized as an act by and between nations and argues that political mobilization did not necessarily directly inform the single enlistment. Recruitment activities not only combined mercenary traditions with new forms of communication and association, but they also overlapped, leading many to change between armed groups. The study provides the first in-depth statistical analysis of these Germans based on soldiers’ registers, contextualizing it with transnational soldiering across Europe; not only did Germans stay in the regular armies for quite long periods, but previous and later enlistments in other armies were common - this also holds true for the "German" Garibaldians. Examining hitherto neglected economic incentives, the study demonstrates the plurality of political, cultural, economic and professional motives of single soldiers, thus blurring the lines of the opposition between the militarily inexperienced political war volunteer and the mercenary that is so central to the polemics of the time and "new Risorgimento historiography". Based on legal sources and soldiers’ reports, the study analyses the every-day life of Germans in the Italian armed groups in terms of a culturally revived "new military history", and is particularly attentive to issues of masculinity. The different institutional contexts the Germans were placed in - e.g. foreigners’ corps, ministries - informed differing experiences. In contrast to the multi-national make-up of many corps, imagery of national grouping progressively superseded formal military structures, resulting in continuous comparisons of corps and nationalities and increases in "nationalizing" experiences. This goes counter to the image of foreign commitment in Italy as a cosmopolitan experience and an a priori positive understanding of the "transnational". Hence, the role of foreign soldiers was crucial for the "military" Risorgimento and "revirilization".
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Weston, Inez Lesley. "Francesco II Gonzaga and Isabella d'Este: new perspectives on music and art at the Mantuan court, 1484-1519." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1925.
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Isabella d'Este (1474-1539), the wife of Francesco II Gonzaga (1466-1519), Marquis of Mantua, is widely acknowledged for her patronage of the arts at the Gonzaga court in Mantua, during a formative period in her life, 1490 to c.1523. This thesis draws attention to a dilemma in Renaissance studies: namely, that musicologists have a far great[er] appreciation of Isabella's work as a patron of music, whereas she has been less positively appreciated in some of the art historical literature. A similar phenomenon is observed in the case of Francesco II, who was, for many years, the patron of the well-known artist, Andrea Mantegna, as well as being a strong patron of the liberal arts, including music, (sacred and secular), yet art historians have only recently begun to re-evaluate his contribution in a positive light, and some historians have undervalued his role as a politician, diplomat, and ruler. This study explores how this husband and wife team collaborated on various projects involving the visual arts and music to build up the cultural profile of their court at Mantua. It would seem that a greater cross-disciplinary interaction between art historians, historians, and musicologists, would broaden our understanding of patronage studies during the Renaissance.
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Marchesi, Milena. "Contested subjects: Biopolitics & the moral stakes of social cohesion in post-welfare Italy." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3603119.
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The requirements of European Unification, along with broader processes of globalization, including immigration, are reshaping economic and welfare priorities and reconfiguring the relationship between citizens and the state in Italy. The reorganization of the Italian welfare state around the principle of subsidiarity combines neoliberal restructuring with a commitment to social solidarity and cohesion and privileges the family as the social formation best suited to mediate between state, market, and citizens. As the state retreats from some of its former social welfare responsibilities, it simultaneously extends its reach into matters of reproduction and family-making. Biopolitics in the time of subsidiarity encompasses concerns over birth rates, the population, the rights of the unborn, and the proper composition of the family. This dissertation examines the terms of social cohesion in post-welfare Italy and the central role that matters of reproduction and the family play in its reformulation as a moral and cultural problem. I focus on three discursive sites: the politics of life; the assertion of the heteronormative family as an urgent and legitimate site of political intervention; and the parameters for the "appropriate" integration of migrants into Italian society. I draw on ethnographic inquiry with associations and individuals engaged in reproductive and migrant health and politics in Milan. Tracing the policies, practices, and discourses that seek to govern in the name of social cohesion sheds light on new citizenship projects and logics of inclusion/exclusion in the post-welfare moment and underscores the continued salience of gender, sexuality, and reproduction to processes of state building.
Books on the topic "Subject Italy"
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Enzo, Casolino, Italy. Presidenza del Consiglio dei ministri., and Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche (Italy), eds. Scientific books in Italy: Subject guide. Milano: Editrice Bibliografica, 1989.
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Biblioteca di archeologia e storia dell'arte (Rome, Italy), ed. Lista dei descrittori del catalogo per soggetti della Biblioteca di archeologia e storia dell'arte. Roma: Istituto centrale per il catalogo unico, 1997.
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Brokering empire: Trans-imperial subjects between Venice and Istanbul. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2012.
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(Firm), H. P. Kraus. Italy : a selection of books, manuscripts, and documents from six centuries: Comprising works by Italian authors and printers in any language, Italian art and architecture, fête books, history of medicine and science, humanism, literature, etc. : listed in alphabetical order with subject index at end. New York: Kraus, 1997.
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1948-, Brown Christopher, Steland Anne Charlotte, and Dulwich Picture Gallery, eds. Inspired by Italy: Dutch landscape painting, 1600-1700. London: Dulwich Picture Gallery, 2002.
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Equivocal subjects: Between Italy and Africa-- constructions of racial and national identity in the Italian cinema. New York, NY: ontinuum, 2012.
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Baglay, Marat. Constitutional law of foreign countries. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1569641.
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The fifth, significantly revised edition of the textbook highlights the basic concepts and institutions of foreign constitutional law, reveals its subject, system, sources. The issues of the legal status of the individual, forms of the state, local self-government, etc. are comprehensively analyzed.
In the interests of a more in-depth and integral, comprehensive understanding of the state system of the leading countries, the textbook includes chapters on the USA, Great Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Nordic countries, Japan, China, India, the Arab states, the EAEU countries, Uzbekistan. Special chapters contain regional reviews of the main constitutional and legal institutions.
For students, postgraduates and teachers of law schools and faculties.
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Esposito, Maria Antonietta, ed. Tecnologia dell'architettura: creatività e innovazione nella ricerca. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/88-8453-479-8.
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This book is the first in a series conceived to valorise the activity carried out within the Research and Technology of Architecture Doctorates, through the presentation of the results of the first seminar of the Italian doctorates. The educational and scientific significance of this innovative experience is witnessed by the contributions and the issues tackled, which map out the scenario of the research and the proposals for the future. For this reason the book - and the entire series - are also proposed with a multi-level educational function (orienting those approaching the subject in terms of the contents tackled by the sector in Italy) and as a tool for professional updating directed at the achievement of the most elevated quality levels.
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Matheus, Michael, Gabriella Piccinni, Giuliano Pinto, and Gian Maria Varanini, eds. Le calamità ambientali nel tardo medioevo europeo: realtà, percezioni, reazioni. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-503-0.
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For some time historiography has set itself the objective of studying the ways in which European society in the late Middle Ages and the early Modern Age has related to environmental disasters, addressing the perceptions and the reactions, the strategies implemented by the governments, and the repercussions on the religious mentality. In this way it has identified a sphere of investigation that is an authentic multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary workshop, engaging historians of institutions, culture and mentality. At the conference held in San Miniato, Italian and European historians compared notes on this subject, addressing it from different points of view and taking into consideration different environmental contexts (the cities and the rivers, the mountain, the sea, Italy, France, Holland, etc.) and different viewpoints (those of the governments, the lay 'intellectuals', the men of religion, etc.).
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Bastianini, Guido, Francesca Maltomini, Daniela Manetti, Diletta Minutoli, and Rosario Pintaudi, eds. e me l’ovrare appaga. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-219-5.
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The volume brings together contributions by many scholars, from Italy and abroad, in honour of Gabriella Messeri, who for many years was full professor of Papyrology at the “Federico II” University of Naples. The first part contains the editio princeps of 23 literary papyri (by well-known and anonymous authors) and 27 documentary papyri (administrative accounts, contracts, private letters, etc.); the second part consists of 12 essays on historical, philological and literary subjects.
Book chapters on the topic "Subject Italy"
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Landy, Marcia. "Genre, Politics, and the Fascist Subject in the Cinema of Italy (1922-1945)." In A Companion to Italian Cinema, 65–81. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119006145.ch5.
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Camilleri, Nicola. "How a Colonial Subject Became an Italian Citizen: The Life and Naturalization of Sengal Workneh Between Colonial Eritrea and Italy (1880–1929)." In Languages of Discrimination and Racism in Twentieth-Century Italy, 27–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98657-5_2.
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Zoppini, Annamaria, Stefano Amalfitano, Stefano Fazi, and Alberto Puddu. "Dynamics of a benthic microbial community in a riverine environment subject to hydrological fluctuations (Mulargia River, Italy)." In Global Change and River Ecosystems—Implications for Structure, Function and Ecosystem Services, 37–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0608-8_4.
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Bratti, Massimiliano, Giovanni Barbato, Daniele Biancardi, Chiara Conti, and Matteo Turri. "Degree-Level Determinants of University Student Performance." In Teaching, Research and Academic Careers, 267–318. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07438-7_10.
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AbstractAlthough features of the higher education degree programmes in which students are enrolled are likely to have an impact on their academic careers, primarily because of data limitations, research has mainly focused on individual, household and higher education institution drivers of student performance. To fill this knowledge gap, this chapter presents a study using administrative data on the complete supply of higher education degrees in Italy during 2013–2018 to carry out an analysis of the degree-programme determinants of university student performance, as measured by the National Agency for the Evaluation of the University System and Research (ANVUR) ‘quality’ indicators. After controlling for detailed degree subject–geographic macro-area fixed effects, our analysis uncovers several significant degree-programme predictors of university student performance, including the degree’s type of access (i.e. selectivity), language of instruction, composition of the teaching body, percentage of teachers in ‘core’ subjects, teachers’ research performance (for master degrees) and university spatial competition.
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Bandelli, Daniela. "The Study’s Origins and Methodology." In Sociological Debates on Gestational Surrogacy, 9–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80302-5_2.
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AbstractThis chapter discusses the origin, spirit, objectives and methodology of this study on the surrogacy international debate. The aim of this study is to explain the politics of signification on surrogacy carried out especially by the women’s movement, verifying how it is contributing to the public discourse and policies on the subject, how it is being organized, as well as dividing, and how the proposed instances fit into global discourses and are recontextualized on the basis of social specificities. These aims are pursued through three case studies in the United States, Mexico and Italy. The key concepts of the theoretical framework of the research will also be described in this chapter, such as: the women’s movement, diagnostic and prognostic frames.
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Simeone, Maurizio, Marco Solano, Paola Masucci, Silvia Mecca, and Eliana Barra. "5 anni di monitoraggio, controllo e prevenzione della pesca illegale nel Parco Sommerso di Gaiola (Golfo di Napoli)." In Proceedings e report, 610–19. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.61.
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The Gaiola Underwater Park is a small Marine Protected Area located in Naples (Italy), funded in 2002 to preserve the biological and archaeological heritage. In fact, because of the metropolitan context in which it is integrated, the area is subject to constant anthropic pressure, which often results in illegal activities, especially in the fishing sector. In this work, the results of 5 years of monitoring and control of illegal fishing inside the MPA are presented. This research had an important impulse in 2015, thanks to the collected data and to the methodology developed within the Gaiola MedPAN Project. The experience acquired in these years resulted in the funding of the StAMM Project, a permanent station for the monitoring, control and prevention of environmental offences in the MPA.
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Zoppi, Sergio. "Mezzogiorno e fascismo." In Studi e saggi, 213–24. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-455-7.09.
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The relationship between Southern Italy and fascism is a little explored theme. The contribution reflects on this subject presenting unpublished conclusions: it starts from a volume by the author named after the monthly magazine 'Il Saggiatore' (Naples 1924-1925) by Gherardo Marone and expands the reflection through a more recent book by Zoppi dedicated to the magazine 'Questioni meridionali', also published in Naples, from 1934 to 1943. The three editors of 'Questioni meridionali' - Giuseppe Cenzato, an entrepreneur who was also the soul of the company, Francesco Giordani, a young chemical scientist, and Gino Olivetti, a politician and industrialist – despite being fascists, they created a periodical that showed how the 'Southern question', never mentioned by the dictatorship, remained, however, alive in its tragic backwardness. Every year, two large issues of the magazine were released, characterized by one or more original studies and always accompanied by extensive bibliographic reviews. Among the topics, analysed by a group of highly qualified scholars and often in comparison with the North of Italy, the following emerged: the railway network, tourism, the demographic and health situation, the birth rate, the difficulties of the construction industry, ports, the economic and production context. The magazine pays particular attention to the city of Naples and its housing drama and to the southern tax system, a primary source of backwardness starting with the problem of local government.
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Storti, Michele, Elisa Mazzieri, and Lorenzo Cesaretti. "Weturtle.Org: A Web Community for Teacher Training and Sharing Resources in Educational Technologies." In Makers at School, Educational Robotics and Innovative Learning Environments, 315–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77040-2_42.
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AbstractIn recent years, there has been a stronger than ever need in Italy for teacher training in digital skills and pedagogical and teaching innovations. This is also due to an increase in national funds and European resources available for innovation in the field of education. This paper first describes the main innovations in learning that are made possible by web-based and other technologies, and how they currently meet teacher training needs. Next, the authors present Weturtle.org, a practical example of a “Community of Practice” and the TPCK model, which enables an integrative view at the subject, pedagogical and technological levels, to face the challenge of learning innovation. In the middle section, Weturtle.org is described with a focus on the opportunities for teacher training and validation, not only as an active user of the community, but also as a trainer him or herself. Finally, the authors present browsing data from October 2018 to September 2019, final considerations and future developments for the platform.
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Belcore, Elena, Vincenzo Di Pietra, Nives Grasso, Marco Piras, Francesco Tondolo, Pierclaudio Savino, Daniel Rodriguez Polania, and Anna Osello. "Towards a FOSS Automatic Classification of Defects for Bridges Structural Health Monitoring." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 298–312. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94426-1_22.
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AbstractBridges are among the most important structures of any road network. During their service life, they are subject to deterioration which may reduce their safety and functionality. The detection of bridge damage is necessary for proper maintenance activities. To date, assessing the health status of the bridge and all its elements is carried out by identifying a series of data obtained from visual inspections, which allows the mapping of the deterioration situation of the work and its conservation status. There are, however, situations where visual inspection may be difficult or impossible, especially in critical areas of bridges, such as the ceiling and corners. In this contribution, the authors acquire images using a prototype drone with a low-cost camera mounted upward over the body of the drone. The proposed solution was tested on a bridge in the city of Turin (Italy). The captured data was processed via photogrammetric process using the open-source Micmac solution. Subsequently, a procedure was developed with FOSS tools for the segmentation of the orthophoto of the intrados of the bridge and the automatic classification of some defects found on the analyzed structure. The paper describes the adopted approach showing the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
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Puppo, Federico, Silvia Corradi, and Lorenzo Zoppellari. "Rhetoric and Argumentation in the Pandemic Legislation: The Italian Case." In The Pandemic of Argumentation, 165–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91017-4_9.
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AbstractThis chapter examines the argumentative and rhetorical structure of the regulatory techniques used to deal with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Italy. The first part of the chapter aims to clarify the connection between law and rhetoric, in order to provide a framework in which the legislative activity has operated. After analyzing critical aspects of the chosen regulatory tools, we will focus on the three most innovative elements of the pandemic legislation: the frequent use of images, the sporadic presence of sanctions, and the relevant role of experts. In the second part, an analysis of the fundamental traits of visual argumentation will be presented to highlight the fact that the use of images, during the pandemic period, has become a political-normative technique, which is never a neutral tool, but is always subject to interpretation and endowed with a notable rhetorical value. Given the sporadic presence of sanctions, the second section will analyze the argumentative strengthening applied by the legislator in order to promote the obedience of the recipients of the measures. Finally, we will examine the involvement of experts in the justificatory activity of the legislator, and the need for them to acquire legislative legitimacy through a rhetorical-argumentative relationship with citizens.
Conference papers on the topic "Subject Italy"
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"Subject index." In EHDN 2022 Plenary Meeting, Bologna, Italy, Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2022-ehdn.subjectindex.
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Stanton, Michael. "Discourses of Position: Ideology and Situation in Italy." In 1995 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.1995.28.
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It is inevitable that buildings relate in tangible ways to their users. While the initial proposition may verge on the axiomatic, the ensuing discussion need not remain so, for it is richly joined to the very nature of significance and to the roots of ideology. The physical qualities of the dialogue between building and body, the relations of thing to perceiving subject, seem some of the least revocable aspects of the complex play of signification and appropriation that characterizes architectural thinking and practice. This essay will discuss some of the moments in the arts when these are presented with particular acuity.
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Bravaglieri, Simona. "Identification and preservation of the Cold War sites in Italy." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11470.
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Since the Fall of the Berlin Wall, more than 8000 militaries installations worldwide have been made available for civilian use. To many, the idea of attempting to conserve military sites from the Cold War sounds discordant due to the awkward or “uncomfortable” nature of the subject matter and the generally unappealing aesthetics associated. Even if the Cold War influenced many aspects of the popular culture, science and technology, architecture, landscape and people’s perception of the world, the legacy of this war is less tangible than others, and for this reason it is important to make an attempt to preserve its relics. Military sites might be the only representative Cold War remains of a country and reflect issues beyond their military functions. The aim of this contribution is to present few cases of reuse of Cold War military structures in Italy and to introduce the lack of their identification and preservation.
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Hanafusa, A., T. Komeda, K. Ito, and P. Beomonte Zobel. "Italy-Japan international project-based learning for developing human resources using design of welfare equipment as a subject." In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7319190.
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Pretto, Albertina. "Asking is not enough. A research study on teaching qualitative interviews in Italy." In Fourth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head18.2018.7431.
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In the area of social research, it is not uncommon to come across qualitative interviews (transcribed or recorded) that present conduction strategies which seem to be in contrast to that is recommended by the literature on this subject. In order to understand the reason why this occurs, I present the results of a research carried out among Italian sociologists who use qualitative interviews for their research; I try to establish a connection between the conduction strategies used by researchers and their training. I found three different conducting styles, and divided my interviewees into three categories. But, only one of these categories presents a real positive attitude towards qualitative interviews. The problem is that all these researchers also teach qualitative methods at University or train new interviewers for their research and they pass down their same attitude to their students, for better or worse.
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Isidori, Emanuele, Iosif Sandor, Celina Salvador garcia, and Alessandra Fazio. "TEACHING SPORTS PEDAGOGY THROUGH FACEBOOK: A CASE STUDY." In eLSE 2018. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-18-183.
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Sports pedagogy is a subject matter, which is taught in all sports sciences courses in all Italian Universities, which offer programs of this kind. Being this discipline entirely new in Italy, the impact of its teaching on students has been scarcely studied and explored by scholars. Also, the subject has never been innovated by adopting new teaching and learning models. Starting from this genesis, our study aims to reflect on the possibility of innovating the teaching of sports pedagogy through the technologies offered by Web. 2.0. In our research, we show that this innovative way of teaching sports pedagogy in the University can be found in social networks and Facebook when it is conceived of and used as an online learning environment capable of integrating all media and e-tools provided by Web 2.0. As evidence of this, in the second part of our paper, we will present a case study conducted in Italy at the University of Rome Foro Italico in which Facebook has been utilized as an online learning environment for teaching sports pedagogy in a blended modality and tutoring the students who couldn't attend the classes. After describing the scenario of the case study, we will show the results of a questionnaire administered to a group of sports sciences bachelor’s degree students involved in the case study. In conclusion, we will analyze and interpret the data from the questionnaire and answer the question whether Facebook as an integrated online learning environment and model can be, as it is, an innovative and useful tool to teach sports pedagogy or it needs a revision or adjustment to a better implementation.
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Garuglieri, Sara, Angela Di Paola, Simone Vecchio, Greta Frosini, and Beatrice Verona. "Architectural survey, realized with integrated methodology, of the complex of Walser houses in Alagna Valsesia, Italy." In HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15129.
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The subject of this paper is the architectural survey, realized with integrated methodology, of three Wal-ser houses, located in Ronco Superiore, within the Alagna Valsesia (Vercelli, Italy) municipality. The task of surveying the complex was assigned to us by the Superintendence of Archeology, Fine Arts and Land-scape for the provinces of Biella, Novara, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and Vercelli in cooperation with the Regional Secretariat of Piemonte. The aim of the work was that of providing graphic and metric refer-ences for the houses, which are a typical example of the rural architecture at the foot of Monte Rosa, to be made available for subsequent interventions of restoration and enhancement. The Superintendence took over the safekeeping of the site from the Public Property in 1998 and, since then, has promoted a process of recovery of the buildings, winning the Europa Nostra Award in 2014. Granting access to visi-tors has given a larger audience the possibility of knowing the history, the constructive peculiarities and the works of conservation carried out in this area. Specifically, the complex of Walser houses is the most ancient settlement in Alagna, built between the end of XVI century and the beginning of XVII century. Walser houses have a stone basement and wooden roof and walls. The latter are built with the Blockbau technique, i.e. a superimposition of trunks and beams, juxtaposed to shape walls; interlocking connec-tions ensure the rigidity of the structure. First, we have acquired the morphometric characteristics of the buildings; then, we have elaborated them graphically, by employing a georeferenced, 3D laser scanner. Photogrammetric data have, instead, been acquired using digital cameras and drones.
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Serafini, Lucia. "Castelli e borghi fortificati nell’Appennino centrale d’Italia. Storia e conservazione." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11364.
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Castles and fortified villages in the central Apennines of Italy. History and conservationThe areas of the central Apennines of Italy constitute a particularly interesting research laboratory with its perched towns and its castles. Here there is a close link between the quantity of fortifications and the prevailing mountainous terrain. This has fixed in the history of the places a condition of correspondence that acts as a counterpoint to all its culture, from the economy to the costumes to the forms of the settlement. The inhabited centers also managed to guard the territory, like the numerous castles built during the Middle Ages close to rocky and harsh slopes. This because they are located in places that due to the altitude were naturally fortified, but which at supplement were enhanced with closed and compact building fabrics. The fortified villages have often elicited, with their walled houses and the steep and narrow streets, the representations of travelers-artists from the nineteenth century like the Dutchman Maurits Cornelis Escher. The purpose of this contribution is to draw attention to the reality of an architectural heritage that goes beyond the isolated episode of the feudal castle to create a network with natural and anthropic contexts of wider horizon. These are today subject to severe loss of identity due to the marginal position they often find themselves in and also to the action of the many earthquakes that have raged over time.
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Pucci, Alessandro, Hélder S. Sousa, and José C. Matos. "Predicting the change of hydraulic loads on bridges: a case study in Italy with a 100-year database." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0442.
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<p>Planet Earth is naturally subject to climatic variability, but over the recent decades extreme deviations have been observed. Climate change, as a manmade-induced process, is mainly due to the increase of greenhouse gasses emission. Global warming consequences drive also to an intensification of hydrological cycles, leading to more frequent and severe precipitations. In parallel, several bridges have collapsed in the last years due to extreme rainfalls. Although the impacts of climate change on built environment do not always present a direct cause-effect relation, analysis on specific parameters (as rain volume) that are inputs in bridge design, can clarify some aspects of this interaction. In this paper, the peak discharge variation of different rivers located in the northwest of Italy, within the last 100 years, is analyzed. A cluster analysis was performed to understand if the hydraulic design loads should be considered with a different intensity if the bridge had been built with reference to an up-to-date database, or if in the last decades, when the majority of these structures were built. The rainfall data was analyzed through classical techniques, such as the frequency-based statistical method, but without the stationary time hypothesis. In this case, the extreme value theory was used for the estimation of intensity-duration curve parameters. By introducing a second-order analysis, where random variables can change over time, an increase-trend of rainfall height was found, and the peak discharge was determined accordingly. The relevant parameters on the case-study area were preliminarily obtained through geographic information systems. The results evidenced that nowadays-floods parameters are significantly different from those of the past, and this behavior is escalated when high return period values are assumed. Furthermore, although hydraulic design loads are increasing, many existing bridges are not properly maintained, leading to an increased number of collapses.</p>
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Romolo, Alessandra, João C. C. Henriques, Luís M. C. Gato, Giovanni Malara, Valentina Laface, Rui P. F. Gomes, Juan C. C. Portillo, António F. de O. Falcão, and Felice Arena. "Power Take-Off Selection for a U-Shaped OWC Wave Energy Converter." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96368.
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Abstract The REWEC3 (Resonant Wave Energy Converter) is a fixed oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy converter (WEC) incorporated in upright breakwaters. The device is composed by a chamber containing a water column in its lower part and an air pocket in its upper part. The air pocket is connected to the atmosphere via a duct hosting a self-rectifying air turbine. In addition, a REWEC3 includes a vertical U-shaped duct for connecting the water column to the open sea (for this reason it is known also as U-OWC). The working principle of the system is quite simple: by the action of the incident waves, the water inside the U-shaped duct is subject to a reciprocating motion, which induces alternately a compression and an expansion of the air pocket. The pressure difference between the air pocket and the atmosphere is used to drive an air turbine coupled to an off-the-shelf electrical generator connected to the grid. The main feature of the REWEC3 is the possibility of tuning the natural period of the water column in order to match a desired wave period through the size of the U-duct. The REWEC3 technology has been theoretically developed by Boccotti, later tested at the natural basin of the Natural Ocean Engineering Laboratory (NOEL, Italy), and finally proved at full scale with REWEC3 prototype built in the Port of Civitavecchia (Rome, Italy). The objective of this paper is to select and optimize a turbine/generator set of a U-shaped OWC installed in breakwaters located in the Mediterranean Sea, such as the Port of Civitavecchia, where the first prototype of REWEC3 has been realized, or the Port of Salerno or Marina delle Grazie of Roccella (Italy). The computations were performed using a time domain model based on the unsteady Bernoulli equation. Based on the time-domain model of the power plant, the following data is computed for the turbines: i) the ideal turbine diameter; ii) the generator feedback control law aiming to maximize the turbine power output for turbine coupled to the REWEC3 device for Mediterranean applications.