Journal articles on the topic 'Subgroup rights'
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1
Spitsyna, Hanna, and Alla Hordeyuk. "Features of modern classification of intellectual property items." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-3-58-64.
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This article determines modern classification of intellectual property objects, which identified in international regulations and presumed by scientists, studding problematic issues in sphere of intellectual property. The defined, which the most common is classification, with distribution criterion of objects in group to the institutions of intellectual property: copyright and related rights; industrial property law. The individual scientists have their own approach regarding inclusion in different classification groups. The offered with given the content of international law and scientific research of scientists, classify of intellectual property objects by several criteria in depending: from the assignment of objects to a specific legal institutions of intellectual property; from the legal nature of objects which without fail subject to patenting or state registration or on them spread of presumption of authorship; from the title of protection, which issued based on patenting result or state registration of specific objects. By these criteria expediently to highlight such groups and subgroups of intellectual property objects: objects of copyright and related rights with separate subgroup copyright objects and subgroup related rights objects; objects of the institution of industrial property law, where to highlight the patent law objects, the objects, where individualize of participants in civil transaction, goods, services and subgroup of unconventional objects. Determined the need in modern realities of virtualization of legal realities to additions to the list intellectual property objects, which is defined in article 420 Civil code of Ukraine, such facilities of domain name and website. The domain name include in subgroups of industrial property law objects, which individualize of participants in civil transaction, goods and services, and website include in group objects of copyright and related rights, guided by the legislator’s position. The legislator secured concept of website in the law of Ukraine «On copyright and related rights».
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Lund, Thomas B., Sigrid Denver, Jonas Nordström, Tove Christensen, and Peter Sandøe. "Moral Convictions and Meat Consumption—A Comparative Study of the Animal Ethics Orientations of Consumers of Pork in Denmark, Germany, and Sweden." Animals 11, no. 2 (January 28, 2021): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020329.
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Background: The relationship between animal ethics orientations and consumer demand for meat with high standards of animal welfare, and the way this relationship plays out in different countries, is not well understood. Using pork as a case study, this comparative study aims to identify the animal ethics orientations that drive purchases of welfare meat in Denmark, Germany, and Sweden. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire data from representative samples of approximately 1600 consumers in each country were collected. A segmentation of pork consumers (using latent profile analysis) was carried out. Results: In all three countries, two subgroups were concerned about farm animal welfare: the first subgroup was driven by animal rights values; the second subgroup by animal protection values, where the main principle was that “it is all right to use animals as long as they are treated well”. Other consumer groups are less concerned about farm animal welfare and display little or no preference for welfare pork. Conclusions: In all three countries, dual demand for welfare pork exists. The findings of this study can be used, among others, to understand the marketability of enhanced welfare animal products and the potential for market-driven animal welfare improvements.
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Grechanyi, Severin Vyacheslavovich. "Risk of harmful use of a particular type of psychoactive substance in adolescents with conduct disorders." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 6, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped6316-23.
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The purpose of the study was a statistical evaluation of the role of clinical and anamnestic data for the risk of a particular type of substances use with the harmful effects in adolescents with conduct disorders. Were studied 293 adolescents with a diagnosis of “Conduct disorder” and comorbid diagnoses “Harmful substance use” (mean age - 15,3 ± 0,1 years). Patients were divided into 4 groups. 1 subgroup comprised 89 patients with comorbid diagnosis of “Harmful opioid use”. 2 subgroup comprised 95 patients with comorbid diagnosis of “Harmful inhalant use”. 3 subgroup comprised 57 patients with comorbid diagnosis of “Harmful alcohol drinking”. 4 subgroup consisted of 52 patients with comorbid diagnosis of “Harmful stimulant use”. The result was obtained by logistic regression equation to calculate the risk of supplies to the patients particular clinical subgroup on the basis of statistically significant variables (anamnestic data). For the harmful opioid use subgroup is: “Family history of substance abuse on the one line”, “Schooling program for masses”, status “Is not working/not learning”, “Living with a partner”. For the harmful inhalant use subgroup is: status “Is not working/not learning”, “Living in a boarding school”, “Escape from the house (or boarding)/temporary accommodation in a shelter”. For the harmful alcohol drinking subgroup is: “Half family”, “Correctional school program”, “Supporting school program”, status “Student school”, status “Is not working/not learning“ (negative contribution to the result variable prediction), “Living in a boarding school”. For the harmful stimulant use subgroup is: “Useful family history”, ”Orphan or the parent(s) deprived of their rights” (negative contribution to the result variable prediction), status “Is not working/not learning” (negative contribution to the result variable prediction), “Escape from the house (or boarding)/temporary accommodation in a shelter”, “Living with a partner”.
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Cooper-Cabell, Nicky. "Mind the gap: Post earthquake community wellbeing?" Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work 25, no. 2 (May 15, 2016): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/anzswj-vol25iss2id78.
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Following the September 2010 and February 2011 Canterbury earthquakes the Stronger Canterbury Strategic Planning Framework was developed by the National Psychosocial Response Subgroup with support from the Psychosocial Recovery Advisory Group under the auspices of the Ministry of Health in conjunction with the National Health Emergency Plan (Ministry of Health, 2007, p.18). The Framework’s purpose was to provide an overarching context for the Christchurch Psychosocial Response Subgroup as well as applicable Community Wellbeing subgroups to assist in planning the psychosocial recovery in response to the Canterbury earthquakes. Within the document two essential components to the psychosocial recovery for Canterbury are identified: individual recovery and wellbeing, and the building of community resilience while supporting psychosocial wellbeing. Implicit in the document is the notion that provided the right supports are in place, recovery will occur. This article argues the current pervasive neo-liberal perspective has hampered the ability of those supports to be fully realised. To begin, the strategic planning aims of addressing individual psychosocial wellbeing and community resilience will be defined in this review. Secondly, examples illustrating how the pervading neo-liberal perspective has contributed to the failure of the policy to assist community recovery will be discussed. Examples referring to the notions of rights, equality, social justice and the Treaty of Waitangi will be provided. To conclude, the slow pace of the recovery for Cantabrians has had, and continues to have, multiple implications for the social work community. It is over two years on from the first earthquake, and much of the population are still struggling to gain equilibrium. Social workers in Canterbury have been working tirelessly to improve outcomes for clients. It is suggested it is time social work as a national body advocates for the stakeholders to pay more attention to the original intent of the framework.
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Ben-Natan, Smadar. "Self-Proclaimed Human Rights Heroes: The Professional Project of Israeli Military Judges." Law & Social Inquiry 46, no. 3 (February 4, 2021): 755–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lsi.2020.39.
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This article explores the cooptation of human rights discourse by looking into how Israeli military judges in the Occupied Palestinian Territories use human rights as professional capital. Previous research into human rights arguments legitimizing the Israeli occupation remained confined to a unitary image of the state. Here, I dissect the separate professional project of military judges. Optimizing a self-congratulatory argument, judges portray themselves as human rights heroes of Palestinians. But while independent judicial activism would criticize human rights violations by the state, military judges use human rights as synonymous with legal professionalism, while avoiding criticism and sidestepping human rights’ challenge to state power.Using a multimethod approach including analysis of judicial decisions, academic articles by military judges, and in-depth interviews, I argue that between 2000 and 2010, Israeli military judges were responding to a professional legitimacy crisis by what I call mimetic convergence. Relying on new institutionalism and postcolonial theory, mimetic convergence produces belonging and mobility for a professional subgroup that experiences alienation in the “colony” through convergence with the specific characteristics of the legal community of the “metropole.” Mimicking the state instead of criticizing it permits the two projects— promoting military judges professionally and legitimizing the state’s colonial occupation—to coalesce.
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Onarheim, Kristine Husøy, Andrea Melberg, Benjamin Mason Meier, and Ingrid Miljeteig. "Towards universal health coverage: including undocumented migrants." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 5 (October 2018): e001031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001031.
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As countries throughout the world move towards universal health coverage, the obligation to realise the right to health for undocumented migrants has often been overlooked. With unprecedented millions on the move – including refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons, and returnees – undocumented migrants represent a uniquely vulnerable subgroup, experiencing particular barriers to health related to their background as well as insecure living and working conditions. Their legal status under national law often restricts access to, and affordability of, healthcare services. While striving to ensure health for all, national governments face challenging priority setting dilemmas in deciding: who to include, which services to provide, and how to cover out-of-pocket expenses. Building on comparative experiences in Norway, Thailand and the United States – which reflect varied approaches to achieving universal health coverage – we assess whether these national approaches provide rights-based access to affordable essential healthcare services for undocumented migrants. To meet the shared Sustainable Development Goal on universal health coverage, the right to health must be realised for all persons – including undocumented migrants. To ensure universal health coverage in accordance with the right to health, governments must evaluate laws, regulations, policies and practices to evaluate: whether undocumented migrants are included, to which services they have access, and if these services are affordable. Achieving universal health coverage for everyone will require rights-based support for undocumented migrants.
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Darling, Kate. "Still waiting for the benefits to trickle-down: International children’s rights under a land claim agreement." International Journal of Children’s Rights 21, no. 4 (2013): 543–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181812x652616.
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The Inuit of Nunavut, Canada, are the intended beneficiaries of several overlapping rights frameworks. The international treaties to which Canada is a signatory, the Nunavut Land Claim Agreement, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People, Canada’s Constitution and a slate of federal and territorial laws promise Inuit that they may enjoy the same opportunities to flourish that other Canadians enjoy. While these rights regimes and ensuing federal policies have developed in response to Inuit as a group, Inuit children have remained largely invisible. Among other factors, the fixation with economic development and the failure to promote the participation of children has contributed to the absence of their specific interests in plans for Nunavut’s future. As a result, this subgroup continues to suffer infringements of those rights that are most relevant to their success. Whereas these overlapping frameworks have the potential to greatly benefit a particularly marginalized group, in fact they have served to further confound efforts to promote and revitalize the welfare of Inuit children.
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Tuakli-Wosornu, Yetsa A., Demetri Goutos, Ioana Ramia, Natalie R. Galea, Margo Mountjoy, Katharina Grimm, and Sheree Bekker. "Development and validation of the athletes’ rights survey." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 7, no. 4 (November 2021): e001186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001186.
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A recognised imbalance of power exists between athletes and sporting institutions. Recent cases of systemic athlete abuse demonstrate the relationship between power disparities and harassment and abuse in sport. Embedding human rights principles into sporting institutions is a critical step towards preventing harassment and abuse in sport. In 2017, the World Players Association (WPA) launched the Universal Declaration of Player Rights. A year later, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) developed their Athletes’ Rights and Responsibilities Declaration. These two documents codify benchmarks ‘for international sporting organisations to meet their obligations to protect, respect and guarantee the fundamental rights of players’. This paper is the first project exploring athletes’ knowledge, understanding and awareness of rights in the sports context. This study presents the development and validation of a survey investigating athletes’ knowledge of these declarations, associated attitudes/beliefs and understanding of how these rights can be enacted in practice. The survey includes 10 statements of athlete rights based on the WPA and IOC declarations. Face validation was assessed by distributing the survey to 10 athletes and conducting qualitative interviews with a subgroup of four athletes. The survey was reworked into 13 statements, and the tool was validated with 611 responses through confirmatory factor analysis. Key findings include a weak correlation between athletes’ knowledge and their attitudes/beliefs, and challenges with the interpretation of words such as ‘pressure,’ ‘violence,’ ‘harassment’ and ‘intimidation.’ This validation puts forward the first survey instrument to directly test athletes’ knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about rights in sport.
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Schneider, Nina. "The forgotten voices of the militares cassados in Brazil." Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies 2, no. 2 (November 15, 2013): 313–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25160/bjbs.v2i2.8297.
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Forcibly retired military officials whose political rights were withdrawn (militares cassados) during the military regime have previously received no attention from either the military institution or civilians (the State, the general public, and scholars). It is only recently that the Brazilian Truth Commission appointed a subgroup to investigate the militares cassados and that new research projects have been initiated. This article asks why research on military repression has been neglected for so long, and discusses three hypotheses. It then introduces two militares cassados ─ Brigadier Rui Moreira Lima, whose political rights were withdrawn despite his distinguished military career in the Second World War; and Ivan Proença Cavalcanti, a military official who defied instructions from his superiors to open fire on students. Based on oral history interviews, autobiographies, military journals, and intelligence files, this article aims to kick-start a discussion about whether the neglect of the militares cassados may be symptomatic of a historiographical tendency to homogenise the Armed Forces in Brazil.
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Pincetl, S. "Challenges to Citizenship: Latino Immigrants and Political Organizing in the Los Angeles Area." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 26, no. 6 (June 1994): 895–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a260895.
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Los Angeles County is home to over 700000 undocumented residents, largely from Mexico and Central America. They are largely poor and live in segregated neighborhoods. As they have entered the country illegally they have no citizenship rights. Yet the political system in the United States rests on the assumptions of democratic consent and citizen participation. When there is an increasing divergence between the population as a whole and an increasingly unrepresented politically active subgroup, the legitimacy of the political system itself is in jeopardy. In this paper, the political and economic organizing among undocumented Latino residents is examined, and questions are raised about the reformulation of the notion of citizenship.
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CRISP, JOHN, MICHAH SAGEEV, and MARK SAPIR. "SURFACE SUBGROUPS OF RIGHT-ANGLED ARTIN GROUPS." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 18, no. 03 (May 2008): 443–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196708004536.
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We consider the question of which right-angled Artin groups contain closed hyperbolic surface subgroups. It is known that a right-angled Artin group A(K) has such a subgroup if its defining graph K contains an n-hole (i.e. an induced cycle of length n) with n ≥ 5. We construct another eight "forbidden" graphs and show that every graph K on ≤ 8 vertices either contains one of our examples, or contains a hole of length ≥ 5, or has the property that A(K) does not contain hyperbolic closed surface subgroups. We also provide several sufficient conditions for a right-angled Artin group to contain no hyperbolic surface subgroups. We prove that for one of these "forbidden" subgraphs P2(6), the right-angled Artin group A(P2(6)) is a subgroup of a (right-angled Artin) diagram group. Thus we show that a diagram group can contain a non-free hyperbolic subgroup answering a question of Guba and Sapir. We also show that fundamental groups of non-orientable surfaces can be subgroups of diagram groups. Thus the first integral homology of a subgroup of a diagram group can have torsion (all homology groups of all diagram groups are free Abelian by a result of Guba and Sapir).
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Blokhin, Pavel. "Spoilers as a form of abuse of power." Sravnitel noe konstitucionnoe obozrenie 30, no. 1 (2021): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21128/1812-7126-2021-1-47-58.
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In the article the author specifies some general theoretical approaches to the concept of abuse of power, which were outlined by him earlier in his article «Abuse of Rights and Abuse of Power: To the Formation of a Unified Doctrine» published in one of the issues of this journal. In the introduction, the author proposes the concept of spoilers as a form of abuse and defines it in a following way: a participation of representatives of public authorities in the distribution of limited resources, which has the sole purpose of hindering (blocking) the exercise by citizens of their right to free expression of opinion (Article 29) and the right to participate in the life of the state (Part 1 of Article 32) and which is therefore unacceptable within the meaning of Article 18 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The main part of the article discusses possible illustrations of spoilers in the following areas of legal relations: the organization of public assemblies (including in single specially designated places), participation in public hearings (in particular, on the adoption and amendment of land use rules), initiation of a federal referendum (namely, challenging the decision of the election commission to register a regional subgroup of the initiative group). Finally, in the last part of the work, the author briefly examines possible models of legal regulation of countering abuse of power, and also warns against uncritical (politicized) use of this category, since this, in turn, may be fraught with violations of citizens' rights. According to the author, among such models are ex ante mechanisms (amending the current legislation and construing the norm in a constitutionally biding manner) and ex post mechanisms (application of the principle of inadmissibility of abuse of power by a court of general jurisdiction when considering a specific dispute), each of which has its advantages and disadvantages.
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Camacho, Rocío, Cristina Castejón-Riber, Francisco Requena, Julio Camacho, Begoña Escribano, Arturo Gallego, Roberto Espejo, Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio, and Estrella Agüera. "Quality of Life: Changes in Self-Perception in People with down Syndrome as a Result of Being Part of a Football/Soccer Team. Self-Reports and External Reports." Brain Sciences 11, no. 2 (February 12, 2021): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11020226.
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The hypothesis posed was whether being part of a football/soccer team influenced the quality of life (QL) of the people who participated in it since their perception of themselves is enhanced by factors, such as self-determination, social inclusion, emotional well-being, physical well-being, material well-being, rights, personal development, and internal relationships. The objective was to evaluate the QL of people with Down Syndrome (DS) using their self-perception (n = 39) and the perception of the informants (family members, teachers) (n = 39). The KidsLife-Down Scale, with a few modifications, was used. In general, differences of opinion between the subgroups of participants with DS and informants showed that results were higher in terms of perception for participants in the DS subgroup. Scores for all variables were higher for those participants with DS who said they did engage in practicing competitive football/soccer. Although the perception of informants provides a great deal of information regarding the QL of participants with DS, participants with DS should also be involved in the evaluation process and their self-perceptions taken into account. It is not participating in a football team that causes the conclusions of the study, but training (which includes the friendly matches that are played), the cause correlated with the improvements detected in the athlete’s DS.
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Smolyakov, Aleksandr. "Responsibility for theft of non-cash funds and digital currency in the countries of the Anglo-Saxon and continental systems of law." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2022, no. 1 (March 24, 2022): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2022-1-151-156.
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The domestic legislator improves the criminal law norms based on, among other things, foreign experience. In this regard, the author considers the approaches of foreign countries to the definition of the subject of property crimes in general and its «digital variants» in particular. The approaches of some foreign countries (Great Britain, USA, Germany, Austria, Spain, France, Poland) to the establishment of criminal liability for the theft of non-cash funds and digital currency are analyzed.
Based on the analysis, the author concludes that in the legislation of foreign states of the Anglo-Saxon and Romano-Germanic systems, the subject of property crimes is defined through the category of «property». In England and the USA, property in general (including non-cash funds and cryptocurrency) can be the subject of any property crimes. In the countries of the continental system (in particular, in the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, France), within this group of crimes, a subgroup of criminal acts that encroach only on things (for example, theft) is distinguished. It seems that in the domestic criminal law it is also necessary to single out a group of property crimes, which will include crimes against property. Accordingly, in order to solve the problem of the inconsistency of the title of Chapter 21 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation with its content, since the norms of this chapter protect not only objects of property rights (in particular, property rights), but also property rights (claim rights, etc.) that make up the content of obligations relations . It is proposed to clarify the title of Chapter 21 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, heading it «Property Crimes» (taking into account the studied foreign experience). Thus, non-cash funds, which are not things and which are subject to the civil law regime of property rights, are more logical to recognize as the subject of 2property crimes», and not crimes against property.
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Clay, Matt, Johanna Mangahas, and Dan Margalit. "Right-angled Artin groups as normal subgroups of mapping class groups." Compositio Mathematica 157, no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 1807–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x21007417.
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We construct the first examples of normal subgroups of mapping class groups that are isomorphic to non-free right-angled Artin groups. Our construction also gives normal, non-free right-angled Artin subgroups of other groups, such as braid groups and pure braid groups, as well as many subgroups of the mapping class group, such as the Torelli subgroup. Our work recovers and generalizes the seminal result of Dahmani–Guirardel–Osin, which gives free, purely pseudo-Anosov normal subgroups of mapping class groups. We give two applications of our methods: (1) we produce an explicit proper normal subgroup of the mapping class group that is not contained in any level $m$ congruence subgroup and (2) we produce an explicit example of a pseudo-Anosov mapping class with the property that all of its even powers have free normal closure and its odd powers normally generate the entire mapping class group. The technical theorem at the heart of our work is a new version of the windmill apparatus of Dahmani–Guirardel–Osin, which is tailored to the setting of group actions on the projection complexes of Bestvina–Bromberg–Fujiwara.
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Rachůnek, Jiří. "Convex directed subgroups of right ordered tree groups." Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal 41, no. 1 (1991): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/cmj.1991.102438.
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Ho, Phoebe, and Shing S. So. "Right simple subsemigroups and right subgroups of compact convergence semigroups." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 23, no. 12 (2000): 849–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171200003604.
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Clifford and Preston (1961) showed several important characterizations of right groups. It was shown in Roy and So (1998) that, among topological semigroups, compact right simple or left cancellative semigroups are in fact right groups, and the closure of a right simple subsemigroup of a compact semigroup is always a right subgroup. In this paper, it is shown that such results can be generalized in convergence semigroups. In the discussion of maximal right simple subsemigroups and maximal right subgroups of semigroups, generalization of the results that no two maximal right simple subsemigroups and maximal right subgroups of a convergence semigroup intersect, is also established.
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Kachaeva, M., and S. Shport. "Psychological and psychiatric consequences of violence against Women." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): s904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1851.
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IntroductionDomestic violence against women has increasingly been recognized nationally and internationally as a serious problem. Violence against women is a troubling phenomenon in Russia. Meanwhile domestic abuse against women often results in long-term mental health problems.ObjectivesThe main aim of the study was to find out the psychological and psychiatric consequences of violence against women and to determine the origins of crimes committed by abused females.Materials and methodsA cohort of 18 females was examined by forensic psychiatrists. All women had committed crimes of violence (murders, attempted murders). Details of background, psychiatric and offending history were extracted. Each item was assessed with the help of descriptive statistics.ResultsA research has been carried out on the basis of psychiatric and forensic psychiatric assessment of two groups of women who had a long history of violence by their husbands or partners. Clinical assessment has revealed depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, post-traumatic stress disorder, drug abuse. All women underwent forensic psychiatric assessment as they had committed serious crimes of violence. The research has revealed two types of homicides. Women of the first subgroup displayed pathological altruistic motivation of their children. Women of the second subgroup had committed homicides of their husbands and partners whose violence towards women escalated in severity.ConclusionThe research shows the necessity of domestic violence prevention by legal provisions and multidisciplinary research with participation of psychiatrists, psychologists, sociologists, human rights advocates and feminist societies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Ting, Chih-Tai, Jaw-Wen Chen, Mau-Song Chang, and Frank C. P. Yin. "Pulmonary hemodynamics and wave reflections in adults with atrial septal defects." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 318, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): H925—H936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00534.2019.
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Using high-fidelity micromanometers and flow velocity sensors at right heart catheterization, we compared pulmonary hemodynamics and wave reflections in age-matched normal adults and those with atrial septal defects, separated into three subgroups based on levels of mean pulmonary artery pressure: low (<17 mmHg), intermediate (17–26 mmHg), high (>26 mmHg). We made baseline measurements in all groups and after intravenous sodium nitroprusside in the subgroups. All of the subgroups had higher than normal baseline pulmonary flows and corresponding power that did not differ among the subgroups. The pulmonary vascular resistance, input resistance, and characteristic impedance in the subgroups did not differ from normal. Aside from the elevated flow and power, the hemodynamics in the low subgroup did not differ from normal. The intermediate subgroup had significantly higher than normal right ventricular and pulmonary artery pressures, wave reflections, and shorter wave reflection time, which all reverted to normal after nitroprusside. The high subgroup had similar changes as the intermediate subgroup. Unlike that subgroup, however, the pressures, wave reflections, and reflection return time did not revert to normal after nitroprusside. Hence, elevated wave reflections, but not resistance or characteristic impedance, are the hallmark of pulmonary hypertension in adults with atrial septal defects. Our results demonstrate that detailed measurements of hemodynamics and assessment of responsiveness to vasodilators provide important information about the pulmonary circulation in atrial septal defect. Coupled with studies after defect closure, those results may be a better foundation than current ones for clinical decisions.
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DAY, MATTHEW B. "ON SOLVABLE SUBGROUPS OF AUTOMORPHISM GROUPS OF RIGHT-ANGLED ARTIN GROUPS." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 21, no. 01n02 (February 2011): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819671100608x.
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For any right-angled Artin group, we show that its outer automorphism group contains either a finite-index nilpotent subgroup or a nonabelian free subgroup. This is a weak Tits alternative theorem. We find a criterion on the defining graph that determines which case holds. We also consider some examples of solvable subgroups, including one that is not virtually nilpotent and is embedded in a non-obvious way.
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Laki, Ildikó, and László Tóth. "Dilemmas in the Legal Treatment of the Status of People Living with Disabilities." Practice and Theory in Systems of Education 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ptse-2015-0009.
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AbstractThe legal treatment of disability affairs carries in itself an inherent contradiction due to the nature of modern society and free-market economy. On the one hand both the historically developed notions of essentialism and on the other the particular-functional definition of manhood drawing its roots from the established democratic order and market economics are present simultaneously. However, within the current order of things there is an unbridgeable divide between them. Nevertheless, with the progression of time there is a slow gradual shift discernible away from the functional definition with the parallel strengthening of the essentialist approach. This shift is further exaggerated by the more widespread acceptance of the rights of self-determination and the provision of opportunities for the disabled, the emergence of social self-determination in case of a population subgroup living under special conditions. For the proper interpretation of the currents in the evolution of legal treatment of disabled people it would be indispensable to institute a proper social-discourse analysis, which, however, exceeds in scope its narrowly defined task.
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Clay, Matt. "When does a right-angled Artin group split over ℤ?" International Journal of Algebra and Computation 24, no. 06 (September 2014): 815–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196714500350.
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We show that a right-angled Artin group, defined by a graph Γ that has at least three vertices, does not split over an infinite cyclic subgroup if and only if Γ is biconnected. Further, we compute JSJ-decompositions of 1-ended right-angled Artin groups over infinite cyclic subgroups.
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Jadhav, Akshay, Shams Rahman, and Kamrul Ahsan. "Sustainability practices disclosure of top logistics firms in Australia." International Journal of Logistics Management 33, no. 5 (December 1, 2022): 244–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-09-2021-0452.
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PurposeThis study explores the scope, materiality and extent of environmental and social sustainability disclosure – as benchmarked against the Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI-G4) – of the top 10 logistics firms operating in Australia. It also investigates the relationships between the extent of environmental and social sustainability disclosure of these firms and their actual financial performance.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted an inductive case study approach for an in-depth investigation of the relationships among concepts. A content analysis of the firms' sustainability reports was performed to determine their pattern and extent of sustainability disclosure against the GRI framework. A disclosure–performance analysis (DPA) matrix was employed to relate the extent of environmental and social sustainability disclosure of these 10 firms with their actual financial performance (i.e. return on assets [ROA] and total revenue growth).FindingsThis study found that the extent of sustainability reporting was relatively high on the labour practices and decent work subgroup, followed by the environmental dimension of the GRI-G4 framework. However, it was relatively low on the society, human rights and product responsibility subgroups of the GRI framework. The DPA revealed that “Leaders” (firms with higher sustainability disclosure levels) achieved significantly higher ROA. However, “Opportunists” (firms with lower sustainability disclosure levels) achieved higher levels of financial returns (i.e. ROA and total revenue growth) with less attention to sustainability issues, which contradicts the win-win view of the sustainability disclosure–financial performance relationship.Originality/valueFirst, this study contributes an in-depth review of sustainability disclosure practices of top logistics firms operating in Australia. Second, using DPA, it identifies the novel effects of environmental and social sustainability disclosure levels on these firms' financial performance. It also sheds further light on the potential effect of investments beyond substantial profitability for sustainability growth and corporate governance on the sustainability disclosure–financial performance relationship.
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Șipoș, Remus, Ioana Șuș, Zsuzsanna Pap, Anna Szidónia Szalai, Anamaria Victoria Gabor, Z. Pávai, and Klara Brînzaniuc. "Hypolipemiant Treatment: Making the Right Choice for Osteoporotic Patients." Acta Medica Marisiensis 59, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amma-2013-0004.
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Abstract Introduction: It has been shown that dyslipidemia is related to bone mineral density and fragility. Hypolipemiant drugs as statins or fibrates seem to increase the bone mineral density and probably to protect against fractures. The question that arises in this context is whether statins or fibrates have a positive effect on bone fracture repair process and which is their behaviour in an osteoporotic context. Our objective was to study the incidence of osteoporosis, dyslipidemia and of the association of these diseases, and to compare the effect of statins and fibrates on fracture repair in experimental conditions. Material and method: We studied the incidence of dyslipidemia and osteoporosis in the activity of a private family medicine cabinet. In the experimental part we observed from a radiographic point of view the fracture repair process of rats’ femurs. We analyzed 6 subgroups of 12 rats each: (1) ovariectomized control, (2) ovariectomized treated with statins, (3) ovariectomized treated with fibrates, (4) nonovariectomized control, (5) ) nonovariectomized treated with statins, (6) ) nonovariectomized treated with fibrates. The radiographic aspect has been objectified with a score at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Results: From the total of 646 patients included in the study, 193 (29.87%) had dyslipidemia while osteoporosis was diagnosed at 152 (23.53%) patients. 301 (46.6%) patients presented the association of these diseases. Comparing the subgroups of the OVX group, we had the following results: subgroup 1 - 5.5 points, group 2 - 11 points and group 3 - 4.5 points. In the case of the NOVX subgroups, the scores were: subgroup 4 - 7.5 points, subgroup 5 - 10 points and subgroup 6 - 6.5 points. Conclusions: The fact that the incidence of dyslipidemia is higher than that of osteoporosis is an argument for the necessity of choosing a hypolipemiant treatment that has, at the same time, a protective effect on bone. Hypolipemiant treatment influences the fracture repair process. The positive effect of statins on this process is more important on the ovariectomized group, in contrast with fibrates which have an accentuated effect on the nonovariectomized group and this suggests an interference between hypolipemiant treatment and estrogens level. However, the treatment with fibrates delays the fracture repair, groups (3) and (6) scores being inferior to those of the control group. We sustain the helping effect of statins treatment on fracture repair process.
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Zheng, Sai-nan, and Sheng-liang Yang. "On ther-Shifted Central Coefficients of Riordan Matrices." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/848374.
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By presenting Riordan matrix as a triangle, the central coefficients are entries in the central column. Starting at the central column, ther-shifted central coefficients are entries in columnrof the right part of the triangle. This paper aims to characterize ther-shifted central coefficients of Riordan matrices. Here we will concentrate on four elements of the subgroups of the Riordan group, that is, the Bell subgroup, the associated subgroup, the derivative subgroup, and the hitting time subgroup. Some examples are presented to show how we deduce the generating functions for interesting sequences by using different means of calculating theser-shifted central coefficients. Besides, we make some extensions in the Bell subgroup.
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KHUKHRO, E. I., P. SHUMYATSKY, and G. TRAUSTASON. "RIGHT ENGEL-TYPE SUBGROUPS AND LENGTH PARAMETERS OF FINITE GROUPS." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 109, no. 3 (July 18, 2019): 340–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788719000181.
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AbstractLet $g$ be an element of a finite group $G$ and let $R_{n}(g)$ be the subgroup generated by all the right Engel values $[g,_{n}x]$ over $x\in G$. In the case when $G$ is soluble we prove that if, for some $n$, the Fitting height of $R_{n}(g)$ is equal to $k$, then $g$ belongs to the $(k+1)$th Fitting subgroup $F_{k+1}(G)$. For nonsoluble $G$, it is proved that if, for some $n$, the generalized Fitting height of $R_{n}(g)$ is equal to $k$, then $g$ belongs to the generalized Fitting subgroup $F_{f(k,m)}^{\ast }(G)$ with $f(k,m)$ depending only on $k$ and $m$, where $|g|$ is the product of $m$ primes counting multiplicities. It is also proved that if, for some $n$, the nonsoluble length of $R_{n}(g)$ is equal to $k$, then $g$ belongs to a normal subgroup whose nonsoluble length is bounded in terms of $k$ and $m$. Earlier, similar generalizations of Baer’s theorem (which states that an Engel element of a finite group belongs to the Fitting subgroup) were obtained by the first two authors in terms of left Engel-type subgroups.
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WAGNER, FRANK O. "THE RIGHT ANGLE TO LOOK AT ORTHOGONAL SETS." Journal of Symbolic Logic 81, no. 4 (September 29, 2016): 1298–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsl.2016.47.
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AbstractIf X and Y are orthogonal hyperdefinable sets such that X is simple, then any group G interpretable in X ∪ Y has a normal hyperdefinable X-internal subgroup N such that G/N is Y-internal; N is unique up to commensurability. In order to make sense of this statement, local simplicity theory for hyperdefinable sets is developed. Moreover, a version of Schlichting’s Theorem for hyperdefinable families of commensurable subgroups is shown.
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DUNCAN, ANDREW J., and VLADIMIR N. REMESLENNIKOV. "AUTOMORPHISMS OF PARTIALLY COMMUTATIVE GROUPS II: COMBINATORIAL SUBGROUPS." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 22, no. 07 (November 2012): 1250074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196712500749.
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We define several "standard" subgroups of the automorphism group Aut (G) of a partially commutative (right-angled Artin) group and use these standard subgroups to describe decompositions of Aut (G). If C is the commutation graph of G, we show how Aut (G) decomposes in terms of the connected components of C: obtaining a particularly clear decomposition theorem in the special case where C has no isolated vertices. If C has no vertices of a type we call dominated then we give a semi-direct decomposition of Aut (G) into a subgroup of locally conjugating automorphisms by the subgroup stabilizing a certain lattice of "admissible subsets" of the vertices of C. We then characterize those graphs for which Aut (G) is a product (not necessarily semi-direct) of two such subgroups.
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Rahin, N. F., N. H. Sarmin, and S. Ilangovan. "The Application of GAP Software in Constructing the Non-Normal Subgroup Graphs of Alternating Groups." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2287, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2287/1/012001.
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Abstract A graph in group theory is constructed by using any elements of a group as a set of vertices. Some of the properties of a group are used to form the edges of the graph. A finite group can be represented in a graph by its subgroup structure. A subgroup H of a group G is a subset of G, where H itself is a group under the same operation as in G, whereas a subgroup H is said to be a normal subgroup if its left and right cosets coincide. The non-normal subgroup graph of a group G is defined as a directed graph with a vertex set G and two distinct elements x and y are adjacent if xy ∈ H. In this paper, the non-normal subgroups graph of alternating groups for order twelve is determined by using GAP software. The graphs are found to be a union of complete digraphs and directed graphs with the same pattern depending on the order of the non-normal subgroups.
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Shen, Chao, Rong Xie, Xiaoyun Cao, Weimin Bao, Bojie Yang, Ying Mao, and Chao Gao. "Intelligence Deficits in Chinese Patients with Brain Tumor: The Impact of Tumor Resection." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/261236.
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Background. Intelligence is much important for brain tumor patients after their operation, while the reports about surgical related intelligence deficits are not frequent. It is not only theoretically important but also meaningful for clinical practice.Methods. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale was employed to evaluate the intelligence of 103 patients with intracranial tumor and to compare the intelligence quotient (IQ), verbal IQ (VIQ), and performance IQ (PIQ) between the intracerebral and extracerebral subgroups.Results. Although preoperative intelligence deficits appeared in all subgroups, IQ, VIQ, and PIQ were not found to have any significant difference between the intracerebral and extracerebral subgroups, but with VIQ lower than PIQ in all the subgroups. An immediate postoperative follow-up demonstrated a decline of IQ and PIQ in the extracerebral subgroup, but an improvement of VIQ in the right intracerebral subgroup. Pituitary adenoma resection exerted no effect on intelligence. In addition, age, years of education, and tumor size were found to play important roles.Conclusions. Brain tumors will impair IQ, VIQ, and PIQ. The extracerebral tumor resection can deteriorate IQ and PIQ. However, right intracerebral tumor resection is beneficial to VIQ, and transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection performs no effect on intelligence.
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Fantidis, P., M. A. Fernández Ruiz, R. Castejón, R. Madero Jarabo, and G. Cordovilla Zurdo. "Direct Atrioventricular versus Atriopulmonary Connection: A Comparative Experimental Study." Cardiovascular Surgery 1, no. 2 (April 1993): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096721099300100216.
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A study of 31 dogs, divided into two groups, was conducted to compare direct atrioventricular with atriopulmonary connection using a valved conduit to treat tricuspid atresia. The first group ( n= 9) acted as controls. In the second group ( n = 22), an experimental model was established for direct atrioventricular connection that could be converted to atriopulmonary connection. In subgroup A ( n = 11), the blood from the right atrium (RA) was conducted to a haemodynamically effective residual right ventricle (RV), whereas in subgroup B ( n = 11) the blood was conducted from the RA to an ineffective residual RV. There were haemodynamic advantages of atrioventricular connection in subgroup A. No such differences were found between the two surgical techniques in subgroup B. In both subgroups, light external compression of the pulmonary artery produced a profound deterioration in the haemodynamic state. The technique of direct atrioventricular connection does not appear to offer any advantages as a method of atriopulmonary bypass.
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Leinen, Felix. "Chief Series and Right Regular Representations of Finite p-Groups." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series A. Pure Mathematics and Statistics 44, no. 2 (April 1988): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788700029803.
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AbstractWe study the embeddings of a finite p-group U into Sylow p-subgroups of Sym (U) induced by the right regular representation p: U→ Sym(U). It turns out that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the chief series in U and the Sylow p-subgroups of Sym (U) containing Up. Here, the Sylow p-subgroup Pσ of Sym (U) correspoding to the chief series σ in U is characterized by the property that the intersections of Up with the terms of any chief series in Pσ form σp. Moreover, we see that p: U→ Pσ are precisely the kinds of embeddings used in a previous paper to construct the non-trivial countable algebraically closed locally finite p-groups as direct limits of finite p-groups.
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Kappe, Luise-Charlotte. "Finite coverings by 2-engel groups." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 38, no. 1 (August 1988): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700027350.
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Bear's characterisation of central-by-finite groups as groups possessing a finite covering by abelian subgroups if the starting point for this invertigation. We characterise groups with a finite covering by 2-Engel subgroups as groups for which the subgroup of right 2-Engel elements has finite index; and the groups having a finite covering by normal 2-Engel subgroups are exactly the 3-Engel groups among those having a finite covering by 2-Engel subgroups. The second centre of a group having a finite covering by class two subgroups does not necessarily have finite index. However, a group has a finite covering by subgroups in a variety containing all cyclic groups if the margin of thes variety in the group has finite index.
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Polunina, O. S., L. P. Voronina, G. N. Mukhambetova, G. Yu Maslyaeva, and P. N. Voronina. "Analysis of level of apoptosis markers in patients with coronary heart disease." Medical alphabet 4, no. 35 (January 21, 2020): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2019-4-35(410)-5-8.
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Objective. To study and analyze the level of markers of apoptosis of annexin A5 (AnxA5) and Bcl‑2 in patients with past myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP), depending on the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF) of a constant form.Materials and methods. It were examined 43 patients with past MI and 47 patients with ICMP. All patients are divided into subgroups depending on the presence of AF of a constant form (patients with right heart rate and with AF a constant form). As a comparison group, 30 somatically healthy individuals were examined. Plasma levels of Bcl‑2 and AnxA5 in all examined individuals were determined by enzyme immunoassay.Results. Statistically significant changes in the level of AnxA5 and Bcl‑2 were revealed in all examined patients compared with somatically healthy individuals. It was found that the level of AnxA5 was statistically significantly higher in patients with AF constant form compared with patients with right heart rate and statistically significantly higher in patients with ICMP in the corresponding subgroups (patients with right heart rate and AF constant form) compared with patients with MI. The level of Bcl‑2 was statistically significantly lower in patients with AF constant form compared with patients with right heart rate and statistically significantly lower in patients with ICMP in the corresponding subgroups (patients with the correct rhythm and AF constant form) compared with patients with MI. According to the results of the correlation analysis, statistically significant positive (AnxA5) and negative (Bcl‑2) correlations between the level of apoptosis markers and the duration in the history of AF of a constant form were revealed in all examined patients.Conclusion. More pronounced changes in the level of apoptosis markers were detected in patients with ICMP, compared with patients with previous MI in both the subgroup of patients with with right heart rate and the subgroup of patients with AF with a constant form. All the examined patients in the subgroup of patients with AF have a constant form, the severity of changes in the level of studied markers of apoptosis is higher than in patients in the subgroup with right heart rate. The results of the correlation analysis indicate the presence of correlations between the level of markers of apoptosis AnxA5 and Bcl‑2 and the duration of AF of a constant form in the anamnesis in patients with past MI and ICMP.
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Yakubovich, Alexa R., Michelle Degli Esposti, Brittany C. L. Lange, G. J. Melendez-Torres, Alpa Parmar, Douglas J. Wiebe, and David K. Humphreys. "Effects of Laws Expanding Civilian Rights to Use Deadly Force in Self-Defense on Violence and Crime: A Systematic Review." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 4 (April 2021): e1-e14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.306101.
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Background. Since 2005, most US states have expanded civilian rights to use deadly force in self-defense outside the home. In most cases, legislation has included removing the duty to retreat anywhere one may legally be, commonly known as stand-your-ground laws. The extent to which these laws affect public health and safety is widely debated in public and policy discourse. Objectives. To synthesize the available evidence on the impacts and social inequities associated with changing civilian rights to use deadly force in self-defense on violence, injury, crime, and firearm-related outcomes. Search Methods. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, National Criminal Justice Reference Service Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Google Scholar, National Bureau of Economic Research working papers, and SocArXiv; harvested references of included studies; and consulted with experts to identify studies until April 2020. Selection Criteria. Eligible studies quantitatively estimated the association between laws that expanded or restricted the right to use deadly force in self-defense and population or subgroup outcomes among civilians with a comparator. Data Collection and Analysis. Two reviewers extracted study data using a common form. We assessed study quality using the Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions tools adapted for (controlled) before–after studies. To account for data dependencies, we conducted graphical syntheses (forest plots and harvest plots) to summarize the evidence on impacts and inequities associated with changing self-defense laws. Main Results. We identified 25 studies that estimated population-level impacts of laws expanding civilian rights to use deadly force in self-defense, all of which focused on stand-your-ground or other expansions to self-defense laws in the United States. Studies were scored as having serious or critical risk of bias attributable to confounding. Risk of bias was low across most other domains (i.e., selection, missing data, outcome, and reporting biases). Stand-your-ground laws were associated with no change to small increases in violent crime (total and firearm homicide, aggravated assault, robbery) on average across states. Florida-based studies showed robust increases (24% to 45%) in firearm and total homicide while self-defense claims under stand-your-ground law were more often denied when victims were White, especially when claimants were racial minorities. Author’s Conclusions. The existing evidence contradicts claims that expanding self-defense laws deters violent crime across the United States. In at least some contexts, including Florida, stand-your-ground laws are associated with increases in violence, and there are racial inequities in the application of these laws. Public Health Implications. In some US states, most notably Florida, stand-your-ground laws may have harmed public health and safety and exacerbated social inequities. Our findings highlight the need for scientific evidence on both population and equity impacts of self-defense laws to guide legislative action that promotes public health and safety for all. Trial Registration. Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/uz68e ).
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Zhang, Qingyuan, Jingxuan Wang, and Jincai Wang. "Biweekly CHOP therapy improves therapeutic effect in the non-GCB subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma." Open Medicine 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 488–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0041-3.
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AbstractCHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) is accepted as the best available standard treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients; however, the therapeutic efficacy seems unsatisfactory. Additional rituximab will improve the cure rate, but it is not popular in China because of its increased medical cost. Germinal center B-cell (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes distinction have been described as independent prognostic factors, and provides likelihood for cure with chemotherapy. The aim of the study is to explore the association between Immunophenotype and treatment regimen. Between August 2003 and May 2006, 66 patients with DLBCL were enrolled, according to immunohistochemistry results (GCB and non-GCB phenotype), randomly assigned to receive either six to eight cycles of CHOP every 2 weeks or standard CHOP every 3 weeks. After a median follow-up duration of 32 months (range of 4 to 42 months), an estimated 3-year overall survival (OS) rate for the GCB patients were 68.2% and 55.6% for the biweekly CHOP regimen and standard CHOP regimen respectively, while the data were 62.8% and 37.9% respectively for the non-GCB cases. The biweekly CHOP therapy showed higher efficacy than standard treatment, and its superiority was more obvious with the non-GCB subgroup. All rights reserved.
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Bérczi, Gergely. "On the Popov–Pommerening conjecture for linear algebraic groups." Compositio Mathematica 154, no. 1 (October 9, 2017): 36–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x17007473.
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Let $G$ be a reductive group over an algebraically closed subfield $k$ of $\mathbb{C}$ of characteristic zero, $H\subseteq G$ an observable subgroup normalised by a maximal torus of $G$ and $X$ an affine $k$-variety acted on by $G$. Popov and Pommerening conjectured in the late 1970s that the invariant algebra $k[X]^{H}$ is finitely generated. We prove the conjecture for: (1) subgroups of $\operatorname{SL}_{n}(k)$ closed under left (or right) Borel action and for: (2) a class of Borel regular subgroups of classical groups. We give a partial affirmative answer to the conjecture for general regular subgroups of $\operatorname{SL}_{n}(k)$.
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Ullah, Aman, Muhammad Ibrahim, and Tareq Saeed. "Fuzzy cosets in AG-groups." AIMS Mathematics 7, no. 3 (2022): 3321–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2022185.
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<abstract><p>In this paper, the notion of fuzzy AG-subgroups is further extended to introduce fuzzy cosets in AG-groups. It is worth mentioning that if $ A $ is any fuzzy AG-subgroup of $ G $, then $ \mu_{A}(xy) = \mu_{A}(yx) $ for all $ x, \, y\in G $, i.e. in AG-groups each fuzzy left coset is a fuzzy right coset and vice versa. Also, fuzzy coset in AG-groups could be empty contrary to fuzzy coset in group theory. However, the order of the nonempty fuzzy coset is the same as the index number $ [G:A] $. Moreover, the notions of fuzzy quotient AG-subgroup, fuzzy AG-subgroup of the quotient (factor) AG-subgroup, fuzzy homomorphism of AG-group and fuzzy Lagrange's theorem of finite AG-group is also introduced.</p></abstract>
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Dziadzinkin, Aliaksandr Leonidovich. "Linguistic Manifestations of Extremism in the Aspect of National Legislation of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 19, no. 1 (March 16, 2022): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-1-86-97.
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In the context of globalization of society, information becomes not just the sum of knowledge necessary for mankind, but a means of manipulating the consciousness of millions of people, a way of inciting hatred and enmity. Verbal crimes are committed against both human rights and freedoms and against the peace and security of mankind. In recent years, both in Russia and in Belarus, verbal offenses of an extremist nature have become more frequent. For the Belarusian and Russian linguistic and legal discourse, this is a fairly new phenomenon, the interest in which predetermined the purpose of this study - to study the phenomenon of verbal extremism in the aspect of the national legislation of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. The factual data were conflictogenic texts with extremist focus that were analyzed from a legal standpoint (Article 130 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus and Articles 280 and 282 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The methodology of the research comprises the method of parametrization and logical-linguistic, comparative and lexicalsemantic analyses. The object of the research is verbal expressions of extremism. In this study, attention was paid to both the theoretical study of the phenomenon of verbal extremism and the practical analysis of conflictogenic texts. Common signs of verbal extremism are: abstractness, heightened emotional background of transmitted information, pseudo-non-involvement of a person in its dissemination. The main mechanism of sowing (inciting) discord is the use of expressions stating the superiority or exclusiveness of the dominant group as compared to the biological, social or moral defectiveness or depravity of the subgroup. The verbal mechanism of sowing (inciting) hatred is creation of defective or hostile images of the subgroup, when its members are attributed either a desire to lead parasitic lifestyles at the expense of the members of the dominant group, or they are accused of innate hostility to the dominant group and conspiring its destruction. The results obtained indicate that the Belarusian and Russian legislation reflects a similar understanding of the category of verbal extremism, which indicates the gradual harmonization of the legislative systems of Russia and Belarus in terms of assessing crimes against the peace and security of mankind.
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Popov, Vladimir A. "Locally Homogeneous Manifolds Defined by Lie Algebra of Infinitesimal Affine Transformations." Mathematics 10, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 4654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10244654.
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This article deals with Lie algebra G of all infinitesimal affine transformations of the manifold M with an affine connection, its stationary subalgebra ℌ⊂G, the Lie group G corresponding to the algebra G, and its subgroup H⊂G corresponding to the subalgebra ℌ⊂G. We consider the center ℨ⊂G and the commutant [G,G] of algebra G. The following condition for the closedness of the subgroup H in the group G is proved. If ℌ∩ℨ+G;G=ℌ∩[G;G], then H is closed in G. To prove it, an arbitrary group G is considered as a group of transformations of the set of left cosets G/H, where H is an arbitrary subgroup that does not contain normal subgroups of the group G. Among these transformations, we consider right multiplications. The group of right multiplications coincides with the center of the group G. However, it can contain the right multiplication by element h¯, belonging to normalizator of subgroup H and not belonging to the center of a group G. In the case when G is in the Lie group, corresponding to the algebra G of all infinitesimal affine transformations of the affine space M and its subgroup H corresponding to its stationary subalgebra ℌ⊂G, we prove that such element h¯ exists if subgroup H is not closed in G. Moreover h¯ belongs to the closures H¯ of subgroup H in G and does not belong to commutant G,G of group G. It is also proved that H is closed in G if P+ℨ∩ℌ=P∩ℌ for any semisimple algebra P∈G for which P+ℜ=G.
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Gombatto, Sara P., David R. Collins, Shirley A. Sahrmann, Jack R. Engsberg, and Linda R. Van Dillen. "Patterns of Lumbar Region Movement During Trunk Lateral Bending in 2 Subgroups of People With Low Back Pain." Physical Therapy 87, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20050370.
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Background and PurposeThe movement system impairment (MSI) system is one proposed system for classifying low back pain (LBP) problems. Prior clinical data and observations for the MSI system suggest that different LBP subgroups demonstrate different patterns of movement during clinical tests, such as trunk lateral bending (TLB). The purpose of this study, therefore, was to examine the validity of the observation that lumbar region (LR) movement patterns during TLB are different between 2 subgroups of people with LBP: lumbar rotation with extension (Rotation With Extension) and lumbar rotation (Rotation).SubjectsParticipants were 44 people (28 men and 16 women; age [X̄±SD], 28.5±8.4 years) with chronic or recurrent LBP.MethodsEach participant's LBP problem was classified with the MSI system. Kinematic variables were measured, and LBP symptoms were recorded during the TLB test.ResultsPeople in the 2 LBP subgroups demonstrated different patterns of LR movement during TLB. People in the Rotation With Extension subgroup displayed an asymmetric (right versus left) pattern of LR movement across the TLB movement, whereas people in the Rotation subgroup displayed a symmetric pattern of LR movement. Equal proportions of people in the 2 subgroups reported an increase in symptoms with the TLB test.Discussion and ConclusionThe patterns of LR movement across the TLB movement were different in 2 subgroups of people with LBP. The difference in the LR movement patterns between subgroups may be an important factor to consider in specifying the details of the interventions for these 2 LBP problems.
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Iznak, E., E. Damyanovich, I. Oleichik, and N. Levchenko. "EEG features in depressive female adolescents with suicidal and non-suicidal auto-aggressive behavior." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.464.
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IntroductionIn adolescents, both non-suicidal self-injuries (NSSI) and previous suicidal attempts (SA) represent significant risk factors for future suicide. Thus, the search for EEG markers of these forms of auto-aggressive behavior seem to be an actual task.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to reveal the differences of baseline EEG features in depressive female adolescents with auto-aggressive behavior such as NSSI or SA.MethodsThe study included 45 depressive female in-patients aged 16–25 years. 21 of them showed only NSSI (NSSI subgroup), 24 patients had a history of SA (SA subgroup). Subgroups did not differ in clinical and social-demographic parameters. Baseline EEG spectral power (SP) and its asymmetry were measured.ResultsSA subgroup had higher parietal-occipital alpha-2 (9-11 Hz) SP than NSSI subgroup. Its focus was located in the right hemisphere, and alpha-3 (11-13 Hz) SP was higher than alpha-1 (8-9 Hz). In contrary, in NSSI subgroup alpha-1 SP was higher than alpha-3; and foci of alpha-2 and alpha-3 SP were localized in the left hemisphere.ConclusionsSpatial distribution and the ratio of EEG alpha frequency components SP in the SA subgroup reflect greater activation of brain cortex, especially of the left hemisphere that is more typical for EEG of individuals with increased risk of suicide. In NSSI subgroup, the right hemisphere is relatively more activated that is more typical for EEG in depression without SA. The study supported by RBRF grant No.20-013-00129a.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Kanzaki, Natsumi, Robin M. Giblin-Davis, Weimin Ye, Edward Allen Herre, and Barbara J. Center. "Recharacterisation of three Parasitodiplogaster species based on morphological and molecular profiles." Nematology 18, no. 4 (2016): 417–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00002967.
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Three previously described Parasitodiplogaster spp., P. nymphanema, P. obtusinema and P. trigonema were re-isolated from their type locality, Barro Colorado Island Research Station, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, in Panama. The re-isolated materials were morphologically observed to compare with the original descriptions and molecularly characterised by DNA sequences of the near-full-length small subunit and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit of the ribosomal RNA genes. Although the male tail characters, i.e., arrangement of genital papillae and spicule and gubernaculum morphologies, were close to the original descriptions, a compressed stoma with two (right subventral and dorsal) teeth was observed for the first time and confirmed in the newly re-isolated materials. The molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three re-isolated species are close to P. laevigata, P. citrinema and P. popenema, forming the P. laevigata group in the genus, and this group was separated into three subgroups, P. citrinema + P. popenema (subgroup 1), P. nymphanema + P. obtusinema (subgroup 2) and P. laevigata + P. trigonema and three undescribed species (subgroup 3). The P. laevigata group is characterised by a relatively compressed stoma with two (right subventral and dorsal) teeth, arrangement of genital papillae (three or four precloacal and four postcloacal pairs), but distinguishable from each other by stomatal morphology, i.e., the shortest and most compressed being in subgroup 3, widest in subgroup 1, and intermediate in subgroup 2. Furthermore, a large and long spicule and gubernaculum were observed in subgroup 2 as its hypothesised apomorphy.
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Crosby, Peter G., and Gunnar Traustason. "On right n-Engel subgroups." Journal of Algebra 324, no. 4 (August 2010): 875–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2010.05.007.
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Minasyan, Ashot. "On subgroups of right angled Artin groups with few generators." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 25, no. 04 (May 21, 2015): 675–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196715500150.
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For each d ∈ ℕ, we construct a 3-generated group Hd, which is a subdirect product of free groups, such that the cohomological dimension of Hd is d. Given a group F and a normal subgroup N ⊳ F we prove that any right angled Artin group containing the special HNN-extension of F with respect to N must also contain F/N. We apply this to construct, for every d ∈ ℕ, a 4-generated group Gd, embeddable into a right angled Artin group, such that the cohomological dimension of Gd is 2 but the cohomological dimension of any right angled Artin group, containing Gd, is at least d. These examples are used to show the non-existence of certain "universal" right angled Artin groups. We also investigate finitely presented subgroups of direct products of limit groups. In particular, we show that for every n ∈ ℕ there exists δ(n) ∈ ℕ such that any n-generated finitely presented subgroup of a direct product of finitely many free groups embeds into the δ(n)-th direct power of the free group of rank 2. As another corollary we derive that any n-generated finitely presented residually free group embeds into the direct product of at most δ(n) limit groups.
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Gute, Hans B., and K. K. Reuter. "The last word on elimination of quantifiers in modules." Journal of Symbolic Logic 55, no. 2 (June 1990): 670–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2274656.
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In what follows, a coset is a subset of a group G of the form aH, where H is a subgroup of G; H can be recovered from the coset C: it is the only subgroup which is obtained from C by a left translation; we note in passing that these cosets, that we write systematically with the group to the right, are also of the form Ka, since aH = aHa−1a. A classical combinatorial lemma involving cosets appears in Neumann [1952]: If the coset C = aH is the union of the finite family of cosets C1 = a1H1,…,Cn = anHn, then it is the union of those Ci whose corresponding Hi has finite index in H.In a structure where a group G is defined, Boolean combinations of cosets modulo its definable subgroups form a family of definable sets (by definable, we mean “definable with parameters”). The situation when any definable set is of that kind has been characterized model-theoretically in Hrushovski and Pillay [1987]: A group G is one-based if and only if, for each n, every definable subset of the cartesian power Gn is a(finite!) Boolean combination of cosets modulo definable subgroups. One side is given by a beautiful lemma of Pillay, stating that, in a one-based group which is saturated enough, every type is a right translate of the generic of its left stabilizer.
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KIRSCHMER, MARKUS, and CHARLES LEEDHAM-GREEN. "COMPUTING WITH SUBGROUPS OF THE MODULAR GROUP." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 57, no. 1 (August 26, 2014): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089514000202.
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AbstractWe give several algorithms for finitely generated subgroups of the modular group PSL2(ℤ) given by sets of generators. First, we present an algorithm to check whether a finitely generated subgroup H has finite index in the full modular group. Then we discuss how to parametrise the right cosets of H in PSL2(ℤ), whether the index is finite or not. Further, we explain how an element in H can be written as a word in a given set of generators of H.
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Filyk, Olha. "DIAPHRAGMATIC MYOTRAUMA IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE." EUREKA: Health Sciences 5 (September 30, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2020.001414.
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The aim of the study was to establish the prevalence of diaphragmatic dysfunction (DD), depending on the strategy of mechanical ventilation (MV). Materials and methods. We completed the prospective single-center cohort study. Data analysis included 82 patients (1 month – 18 years old), divided into I group (lung-protective MV) and II group (diaphragm-protective in addition to lung-protective MV). Patients were divided into age subgroups. Stages of the study: 1st day (d1), 3rd (d3), 5th (d5), 7th (d7), 9th (d9), 14th (d14), 28th (d28). We studied amplitude of diaphragm movement; thickening fraction, parameters of acid-base balance and MV. Results are described as median [IQR - interquartile range] with level of significance p. Results. In patients of the 1st age subgroup in I group there were episodes with under-assist during MV, while in II group diaphragm overload was registered only on d5. In patients of 2nd subgroup in I group we found over-assist of MV with excessive work of the right hemidiaphragm and low contractions of left dome at all stages of study, while in II group – the only episode of diaphragmatic weakness on d3 due to under-assist of MV. In the 3rd subgroup the proper diaphragmatic activity in I group was restored significantly later than in II group. In 4th subgroup of I group there was episode of high work of diaphragm on d5, whereas in II group – all data were within the recommended parameters for diaphragm-protective strategy of MV. In 5th subgroup of I group excessive work of both right and left domes of diaphragm was significantly more often registered than in II group, however, in II group there were found episodes of both type changes – diaphragmatic weakness and excessive work. Conclusion: The prevalence and variety of manifestations of DD depend on the strategy of MV. Low incidence of DD was associated with lower duration of MV: in 1st age subgroup in 1.5 times; in 2nd age subgroup – in 2.4 times; in 4th age subgroup – in 1.75 times; in 5th age subgroup – in 4.25 times.
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Abuhijleh, Eman A., Mourad Massa’deh, Amani Sheimat, and Abdulazeez Alkouri. "Complex Fuzzy Groups Based on Rosenfeld’s Approach." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICS 20 (August 4, 2021): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23206.2021.20.38.
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Complex fuzzy sets (CFS) generalize traditional fuzzy sets (FS) since the membership functions of CFS reduces to the membership functions of FS. FS values are always at [0, 1], unlike CFS which has values in the unit disk of C. This paper merges notion and concept in group theory and presents the notion of a complex fuzzy subgroup of a group. This proposed idea represents a more general and better optional mathematical tool as one of the approaches in the fuzzy group. However, this research defines the notion of complex fuzzy subgroupiod, complex fuzzy normal subgroup, and complex fuzzy left(right) ideal. Therefore, the lattice, homomorphic preimage, and image of complex fuzzy subgroupiod and ideal are introduced and studied its properties. Finally, complex fuzzy subgroups and their properties are presented and investigated
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Zhang, Feng, Hao Zhou, Songyi Ding, Da Zhang, Daoshi Lian, Xingliang Chen, and Chao Wang. "Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a systematic review protocol." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (October 2020): e037603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037603.
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IntroductionRecurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a distressing symptom. There are many ways to treat RAS, such as pudilan anti-inflammatory oral liquid and doxycycline and laser therapy, but these take a long time to produce positive effects and compliance is low. Previous reviews of acupuncture treatment for RAS has been growing, but a systematic review is not available. To assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for the management of RAS.Methods and analysisThe following databases will be searched from their inception to 1 February 2020: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang. The randomised controlled trials in English or Chinese associated with acupuncture for patients with RAS will be included. Eligible study conference abstracts and reference lists of manuscripts will also be searched. Two reviewers will select the studies, extract data independently. The Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used to assess the risk of bias for the studies. According to heterogeneity testing, data will be synthesised using a random-effects model. A meta-analysis will be performed using Rev Man V.5.3.5 statistical software for each outcome. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis are planned according to clinical evidence. Mean difference or standardised mean difference for continuous data and risk ratio for dichotomous data will be calculated.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required. This protocol will not involve individual patient information and endangering participant rights. The results will be reported in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.OSF registration numberDOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QASUY.