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Journal articles on the topic 'Subcultures'
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1
Johnston, Hank, and David A. Snow. "Subcultures and the Emergence of the Estonian Nationalist Opposition 1945–1990." Sociological Perspectives 41, no. 3 (September 1998): 473–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389560.
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It is widely recognized that subcultural organization provides fertile soil for the development of social movements. There has not, however, been a systematic analysis of how different subcultures may be configured and what characteristics may encourage or inhibit mobilization. This paper takes an initial step in that direction by suggesting a typology of subcultures based on the degree of congruency of subcultural values and behaviors with the those of the dominant culture. We examine two subcultural types which are particularly relevant to social movement development: accommodative subcultures and oppositional subcultures. By drawing on interviews with activists in the former Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, we specify the conditions by which accommodative and oppositional subcultures exist and are successfully transformed into social movements. We trace the evolution from an accommodative subculture under Stalinist terror to an oppositional subculture as state repression lessened under Krushchev's liberalizations, to mass mobilization of the Estonian independence movement in the late 1980s.
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Ulusoy, Emre, and Fuat A. Fırat. "Toward a theory of subcultural mosaic: Fragmentation into and within subcultures." Journal of Consumer Culture 18, no. 1 (September 15, 2016): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540516668225.
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We present an integrated and more nuanced analysis of the observed tendency toward eclectic, fragmented, and paradoxical subcultures in contemporary society. Through a critical ethnographic approach, we investigate the factors contributing to the motives that impel people to seek subcultural membership, which leads to fragmentation. We interview people who are avid participants of music-based subcultures. Findings reveal that subcultural antagonism and identity politics are the two factors guiding fragmentation into subcultures in contemporary society. People seek solace in membership in multiple subcultures since each subculture provides a distinct escape from different oppressions perceived in the mainstream. This cultivates the impetus for fragmentation within subcultures. Subcultural fragmentation is voluntary, resistive, and subversive. The constant fragmentation and the multiplicity and fluidity of subcultural memberships give rise to what we call a radical subcultural mosaic referring to eclectic subcultural affiliation and composite subcultural memberships fermenting presentational discourses of resistance. Members of the radical subcultural mosaic seek agency and collectivity, creativity in heterogeneity, and propose novel alternative modes of living.
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Kattari, Kimberly. "Surviving through subculture: Finding undeath in psychobilly." Punk & Post Punk 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/punk_00019_1.
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While some scholars suggest that subcultures are a thing of the past, that we are living in a post-subcultural era, an ethnographic exploration of psychobilly shows that subcultures still play a meaningful role in contemporary society. Since its development in the early 1980s, psychobilly has uniquely blended punk, rockabilly and horror to express countercultural values and aesthetics. Like the groups studied by the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies in the 1960s and 1970s, the psychobilly subculture is characterized by consistent and distinct values and tastes, a shared sense of collective identity, committed involvement over a long period of time, and relative independence from the culture industry. By participating in this obscure but strongly defined subculture, psychobillies not only express their resistance to mainstream culture but also find strategies to manage and improve their lived experience. As a result of their committed subcultural involvement, psychobillies feel alive, or, rather, ‘undead’, a metaphor made all the more symbolic because of the subculture’s interest in a host of undead creatures. This article thus argues for continued application of subcultural theory to understand the significant meaning and impact of participation in non-conformist communities today.
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Kuzovenkova, Yuliya A. "Paradigm approach in the analysis of Russian and European youth subcultures." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 60 (2021): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2021-60-42-54.
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European scientific tradition distinguishes between modern and postmodern subcultural paradigms. Contrary to that, the issue of youth subcultural paradigms in Russian research tradition is still open. The specificity of the Russian subcultures is that they trace their origin either in Europe or the USA. In view of this, it is important to identify the features of European cultural phenomena that are present in the Russian cultural space. The European paradigm approach is introduced through the works of D. Hebdige and D. Muggleton. Paradigm features of subcultural analysis offered by these scholars provide the basis for analysis of the Russian empirical material. In particular, the study takes into account such characteristics as the presence / absence of a border between subcultures, the presence / absence of the ideology of a subculture, the fixity / fluidity of subcultural identity, the presence / absence of the influence of mass media on subcultural identity, the presence / absence of capitalist values in the subculture, the presence / lack of protest potential in subcultures. Interviews with representatives of the first and second waves of the Samara graffiti subculture became the empirical material of the study. We identified paradigmatic characteristics in the first and second waves of the subculture and compared them. The results obtained allow concluding that the Russian subcultural space has its own specifics, and the subcultural paradigms of both the first and second waves are of a hybrid nature, containing features of both modern and postmodern paradigms.
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Wang, Yin, and Ruiling Yao. "Optimization of rhizogenesis for in vitro shoot culture of Pinus massoniana Lamb." Journal of Forestry Research 32, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01076-8.
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AbstractThe rooting capacity of Pinusmassoniana is poor, especially for mature trees, and has prevented the development of clonal forestry for P.massoniana. In this study, we varied explant types, subculture times and exogenous hormones for plantlet regeneration and assessed shoots for rooting rate and root number for P.massoniana. Following five repetitive grafts, new shoots from grafts used as explant sources were rejuvenated as observed from juvenile shoot morphology and anatomy, leading to greatly enhanced plant regeneration in comparison to that of mature materials from 26-year-old P.massoniana trees. The rooting capacity of subcultured shoots increased with successive subcultures, reaching a peak at 20 subcultures with 35–40 days per subculture. However, rooting performance was significantly reduced after 30 subcultures. The addition of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) plus indoleacetic acid in the medium improved the root number, but the combination of exogenous NAA with paclobutrazol (PBZ) increased rooting rate and root number. We thus greatly improved the rooting capacity of mature P.massoniana trees by optimizing explant types (rejuvenated), subculture times (20 subcultures, 35–40 days per subculture) and addition of NAA + PBZ to the rooting medium. The conditions can be used for efficient plantlet regeneration of P.massoniana.
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Ilgūnė-Martinėlienė, Rita. "Impact of Subcultures on Educational Process in School: the Approach of Teenagers Belonging to Subcultures." Pedagogika 121, no. 1 (April 22, 2016): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2016.09.
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Analysis of scientific literature suggests that the topic of subcultures attracts the attention of scientists. A number of authors analyse the behavioural characteristics of subculture groups, search for the concept of subcultures that reflects several theories (structural functionalism, social class theory and the post subcultural approach) approach to the problems of youth subcultures. It should be noted that there is a perception of public that teenagers who belong to the groups of subcultures stand out from their peers due to their behaviour. Due to this reason they are often classified as teenagers from risk groups, sometimes called “difficult teenagers” or identified as teenagers-delinquents. This provision that is often wrong and forms a negative attitude towards teenagers belonging to the subcultures. There are stereotypes that such teenagers have problems in education, they are not successful in schools. Such public provision causes a task for scientists to clarify youth manifestations of otherness and manage them, positively use otherness of the students in education. It is important to conduct systematic research that would help to reveal the impact of subcultural lifestyle on the achievements of teenagers, their behaviour, and communication with teachers, to set the arising problems and offer possible solutions. It is especially important in Lithuania because the research relating this issue in our country is rare. Problematic questions can be raised: what influence of subcultures on educational process is identified by the teenagers belonging to various subcultures? How do they feel in the society: are they valued and recognized?
The article refers to the approach of teenagers belonging to the subcultures on (self-) educational process in school and presents the opinion of these teenagers about the recognition and evaluation of subcultures in public. In order to more deeply understand the impact of subcultures on the process of (self-) education in a school, exploratory qualitative study has been carried out on March-April in 2014. The results of the study which was aimed to reveal the opinions of teenagers belonging to alternative subcultures about the impact of subcultural life on their (self-) education achievements, behaviour and communication with teachers allow to state that these teenagers in sciences are similarly successful as their other classmates. The people around do not seek for other reasons of the failure of these students. The approach to the discrepancies of teenagers belonging to the subcultures and traditions and social behaviour of the society should not be treated as deliberate violation of non-compliance with norms and established rules. It is more rational to recognize a subculture as an alternative of established culture or its strain in the space full of changes.
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Vujović, T., Dj Ružić, and R. Cerović. "In vitro shoot multiplication as influenced by repeated subculturing of shoots of contemporary fruit rootstocks." Horticultural Science 39, No. 3 (August 15, 2012): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/208/2011-hortsci.
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In vitro shoots of vegetative rootstocks for cherry (Gisela 5 and Gisela 6), plum (Fereley Jaspi) and pear (Pyrodwarf) were repeatedly subcultured for 10 subcultures on Murashige and Skoog medium of unchanged hormonal composition. Shoot formation capacity decreased over repeated subculturing in all genotypes. The first significant decrease in multiplication index was observed after first subculture in Gisela 6 and Fereley Jaspi, while in Gisela 5 the decline occurred after second subculture, and remained at that level. As for Gisela 6 and Fereley Jaspi, multiplication index was mainly stable from second to forth subculture, whereupon the second decline in shoot formation was observed. Although Pyrodwarf showed very low multiplication capacity, shoot multiplication slightly increased over the first three subcultures and then declined. This irreversible decline could be due to residual effects of hormones. However, no visible morphological variations or aberrations of shoots were found in successive subcultures in any genotype. Quality of shoots in terms of shoot length varied during subculturing, but the highest quality was observed in later subcultures (from fifth subculture onwards). After subculturing, several media were evaluated for induction of rhizogenesis in order to achieve high rooting rates in tested rootstocks. The highest rooting ability (100%) among genotypes was observed in Fereley Jaspi, followed by Pyrodwarf and Gisela 6 (the best rooting percentage being 90% in both) and Gisela 5 (70%). Rooted shoots were successfully acclimatized under the mist system in greenhouse.
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Sheveleva, Anna. "Values of Professional Sphere in Youth Subcultures." Open Psychology Journal 13, no. 1 (April 21, 2020): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874350102013010027.
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Background: Solving the problem of professional self-determination is an important task of social development in adolescence. All social functioning of the personality takes place in the context of culture, with subculture being one of its components. Objective: Identification of peculiarities of ideas about professional values in different youth subcultures. Methods: The respondents are young people belonging to the subcultures “rock” and “anime”, and those who do not belong to any subcultures, a total of 180 people. The techniques “Career Anchors” by E. Schein and “Terminal values questionnaire” by I.G. Senin were used. The methods of statistical processing are Spearman correlation analysis, Friedman criterion, Mann-Whitney criterion. Results: The differences of ideas about professional values in different subcultures and at the persons who do not refer themselves to any subcultures are revealed. The results describe the preferences of different career anchors and their consistency or inconsistency towards the terminal values of the professional sphere. Conclusion: Taking into account the subcultural affiliation of young people with the psychological support of their professional self-determination can influence the effectiveness of work with youth.
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Rutten, Kris, and An van. Dienderen. "‘What is the meaning of a safety-pin?’ Critical literacies and the ethnographic turn in contemporary art." International Journal of Cultural Studies 16, no. 5 (March 11, 2013): 507–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877912474561.
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In this contribution we address the concept of critical literacies by analyzing how symbolic representations within subcultures can be understood as an engagement with specific literacy practices. For some time now, cultural studies researchers with an interest in literacy have depended upon ethnographic methods to document how members of subcultural communities mobilize literacy practices to achieve critical ends. But the extent to which ethnography actually grants researchers access to subcultural perspectives on literacy has come into question. In this article, we aim to problematize and thematize the ethnographic perspective on literacy in general – and subculture as a situated literacy practice in particular – by critically assessing contemporary art practices that focus on the representation of subcultural identities. We therefore specifically look at artwork by Nikki S. Lee, who focuses on subcultures in her work through ‘going native performances’.
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Kraniauskas, Liutauras. "Miesto erdvė ir subkultūrų dinamika Klaipėdoje 1991–2010 m. (2)." Sociologija. Mintis ir veiksmas 31, no. 2 (January 1, 2012): 153–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/socmintvei.2012.2.394.
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Santrauka. Tekste svarstomas klausimas apie miesto erdvių sąsajas su subkultūrų raiška. Pasitelkus dviejų dešimtmečių empirinę medžiagą, siekiama rekonstruoti muzikinių subkultūrų tapatybės ir subkultūrinių erdvių dinamiką Klaipėdos mieste posovietiniu laikotarpiu. Šiame žurnalo numeryje spausdinama antroji (paskutinė) straipsnio dalis, kurioje aptariama 1997-2010 m. įvykusi roko ir elektroninės šokių muzikos subkultūrų erdvinė ir stilistinė diferenciacija. Analizuojamam laikotarpiui būdingi du ryškūs subkultūrų dinamikos etapai. 1997-2002 m. Klaipėdos muzikinės subkultūros pradeda trauktis iš viešosios erdvės, jaunimo laisvalaikio vietų ir socialinės kontrolės akiračio; visa tai vedė link naujų susibūrimo vietų paieškos ir jų pritaikymo subkultūrinės tapatybės raiškai. Stebima roko muzikos ir elektroninės šokių muzikos subkultūrų erdvinė diferenciacija. 2003-2010 m. stebima vidinė roko ir elektroninės muzikos subkultūrų fragmentacija, ideologinis tapatybių „išsigryninimas“ ir ritualinių erdvių uždarumas. Minėti subkultūrų dinamikos procesai atskleidžiami sutelkiant dėmesį į erdvės ir tapatybės santykį, kuris interpretuojamas platesniame urbanistinių ir ideologinių pokyčių kontekste.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: subkultūra, jaunimas, miesto erdvės, subkultūrinė tapatybė, ideologija, Klaipėda, posovietinis laikotarpis, socialiniai pokyčiai.Keywords: subculture, youth, urban space, subcultural identity, ideology, Klaipeda, post-Soviet, social changes.ABSTRACTURBAN SPACES AND SUBCULTURAL DYNAMICS IN KLAIPEDA IN 1991–2010 (2)The main issue discussed in the article is relationship between urban spaces and subcultural identity: what empirical analysis of subcultural places say about social processes in a city? The present study is empirical reconstruction of the dynamics of musical subcultures as spatial phenomena in a post-Soviet city (Klaipeda, Lithuania) and covers two decades of rapid urban changes. In this issue of the journal is published the second part of the study, mainly focusing on spatial and stylistic differentiation of two subcultures - rock and electronic dance music – from 1997 till 2010. This period witness two stages of subcultural dynamics. In 1997–2002 subcultures leave public spaces and escapes from social control, what leads them to exploration and appropriation of new spaces for ritual performances. Rock music and the electronic dance music subcultures appropriates their own spaces in the city and don’t mix identity rituals together. 2003–2010 are marked by inner differentiation of subcultures, fragmentation, ideological purification of subcultural identity, and seclusion of ritual spaces. These transformation processes of subcultural identity and places in Klaipeda are interpreted within the bigger context of urban and ideological changes.
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Kraniauskas, Liutauras. "Miesto erdvė ir subkultūrų dinamika Klaipėdoje 1991–2010 m. (1)." Sociologija. Mintis ir veiksmas 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 165–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/socmintvei.2012.1.402.
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Santrauka. Tekste svarstomas klausimas apie miesto erdvių sąsajas su subkultūrų raišką. Pasitelkus dviejų dešimtmečių empirinę medžiagą, bandoma rekonstruoti Klaipėdos muzikinių subkultūrų dinamiką posovietiniu laikotarpiu. Šioje studijoje siekiama suderinti britų kultūros studijų įžvalgas apie hegemoninės jaunimo kategorijos santykį su subkultūromis, Kevino Hetheringtono ekspresyvios tapatybės teoriją ir Michelio Maffesoli teorines įžvalgas apie šiuolaikinio socialumo formas. Visos teorinės prielaidos susijusios su erdvės ir tapatybės santykio pažinimo klausimu. Posovietinio laikotarpio Klaipėdos subkultūrinių erdvių tyrimas atskleidžia, kad 1991–1996 m. galima stebėti subkultūrų subordinaciją hegemoninei jaunimo kategorijai, stilių hibridiškumą ir subkultūros suartėjimą su popkultūra. 1997–2002 m. subkultūros pradeda trauktis iš viešosios erdvės, jaunimo laisvalaikio vietų ir socialinės kontrolės akiračio, kas vedė link naujų erdvių paieškos ir jų pritaikymo subkultūrinės tapatybės raiškai. 2003–2010 m. laikotarpiui būdinga subkultūrų diferenciacija, ideologinis išsigryninimas ir ritualinių erdvių uždarumas. Įvardinti subkultūrų dinamikos procesai interpretuojami platesniame urbanistinių pokyčių kontekste. Šiame žurnalo numeryje spausdinama pirmoji straipsnio dalis.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: subkultūra, jaunimas, miesto erdvės, subkultūrinė tapatybė, ideologija, Klaipėda, posovietinis laikotarpis, socialiniai pokyčiai.Keywords: subculture, youth, urban space, subcultural identity, ideology, Klaipeda, post-Soviet, social changes. ABSTRACTURBAN SPACES AND SUBCULTURAL DYNAMICS IN KLAIPEDA IN 1991–2010The main issue discussed in the article is relationship between urban spaces and subcultural identity: what empirical analysis of subcultural places say about social processes in a city? The present study is empirical reconstruction of the dynamics of musical subcultures as spatial phenomena in a post-Soviet city (Klaipeda, Lithuania) and covers two decades of rapid urban changes. In our study of post-Soviet period we follow Marxists interpretation proposed by CCCS about relationship between hegemonic youth category and subculture, apply Kevin Hetherington’s theory of expressive identity, and empirically explore Michel Maffesoli’s ideas about changing sociality. All theoretical assumptions differently focus on relations of space and identity.The study locates three periods of subcultural dynamics in Klaipeda. In 1991–1996 subcultures were subordinated to hegemonic youth category; pop culture and subcultures were not differentiated; the different styles were mixed in hybrid identities. In 1997–2002 subcultures leave public spaces and escapes from social control, what leads them to exploration and appropriation of new spaces for ritual performances. 2003–2010 are marked by subcultural differentiation, ideological purification of subcultural identity and seclusion of ritual spaces. Identified processes are discussed in a wider context of urban changes. In this issue of the journal is published only the first part of the study.
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Litz, Richard E. "Effect of Osmotic Stress on Somatic Embryogenesis in Carica Suspension Cultures." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 111, no. 6 (November 1986): 969–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.111.6.969.
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Abstract Suspension cultures derived from Carica papaya L. ovular callus were subcultured on modified Murashige and Skoog medium containing 60 g·liter−1 sucrose, 400 mg·liter−1 glutamine, 9 μm 2,4-D, and either 0–0.45 m sodium chloride (NaCl) or the osmotically equivalent concentrations of mannitol. After 4 successive subcultures (120 days), the suspensions from each NaCl treatment were inoculated into the entire range of salt-containing media, and were subcultured on the same media formulations for 4 months. Cultures grown in the presence of mannitol were treated in the same manner. Sodium chloride generally inhibited somatic enbryogenesis; however, somatic embryogenesis was stimulated greatly following subculture from media with 0.18 m NaCl into media containing lower concentrations of salt. Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis also occurred following preconditioning with 0.30 m and 0.45 m mannitol. The increased rate of somatic embryogenesis was lost after 2 to 3 subcultures in media having lower osmolarities. Chemical names used: (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D).
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Riswandi, Riswandi. "MULTICULTURALISM AND SUBCULTURAL IN INDONESIA GENERAL ELECTION 2019." JSSH (Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Humaniora) 3, no. 2 (November 15, 2019): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/jssh.v3i2.4979.
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The issue of multiculturalism and subcultural are developing in the even of Indonesian election in 2019 such as democracy, equality in the fields of law, social, political, and cultural, human rights, honesty, justice, political choice, and unfair legal enforcement, so that people tend to split. The problem of this research is what are the cultural perceptions of the Jakarta multicultural community toward the events of the 2019 Election?The case studied was 2019 Elecion and primary data was obtained through interview with 8 informants from Javanese, Batak, Sundanese, Bugis, Chinese, and Betawi subculturs, then confirm by intercultural communication experts, Alo Liliweri. Data were analyzing using Miles and Hubermans models.The result showed that the cultural perception of Jakarta multicultural community was based on subcultural perception, in which Javanese, Batak, and Chinese subcultures tended to support Jokowi, while the Sunda, Betawi, and Bugis subcultures tended to support Prabowo. Nonverbal behavior of subcultural member s regarding 2019 election is oriented towards Dominant Cultures or Indonesian National Culture as parta of Eastern Culture, and also influenced by their family background, profession and personal character.
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Placido. "Between Pleasure and Resistance: The Role of Substance Consumption in an Italian Working-Class Subculture." Societies 9, no. 3 (August 14, 2019): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc9030058.
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In this article I discuss how illegal substance consumption can act as a tool of resistance and as an identity signifier for young people through a covert ethnographic case study of a working-class subculture in Genoa, North-Western Italy. I develop my argument through a coupled reading of the work of the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) and more recent post-structural developments in the fields of youth studies and cultural critical criminology. I discuss how these apparently contrasting lines of inquiry, when jointly used, shed light on different aspects of the cultural practices of specific subcultures contributing to reflect on the study of youth cultures and subcultures in today’s society and overcoming some of the ‘dead ends’ of the opposition between the scholarly categories of subculture and post-subculture. In fact, through an analysis of the sites, socialization processes, and hedonistic ethos of the subculture, I show how within a single subculture there could be a coexistence of: resistance practices and subversive styles of expression as the CCCS research program posits; and signs of fragmentary and partial aesthetic engagements devoid of political contents and instead primarily oriented towards the affirmation of the individual, as argued by the adherents of the post-subcultural position.
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Bhoj, Rasika, Riya Thapa, and Aritrika Roy Chowdhury. "Effects of recreation of subcultures on social media on the subculture, inter-subculture community and intra-subculture community individuals." Fashion, Style & Popular Culture 00, no. 00 (September 13, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/fspc_00147_1.
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In order to create their social identity, humans have a tendency to express their feelings and self in the form of views and opinions that they expect from their immediate society. In today’s tech-savvy world, social media has become the most important platform for expressing one’s feelings, experiences and creating self-identity. Subcultures based on these online identities have a direct or indirect effect on fashion, subculture, intercommunity (individuals within the subculture community) and intracommunity (individuals outside the subculture community) individuals. The rise in popularity of social media platforms has led to the recreation of such subculture communities as an online trend. The current article talks about the relation between fashion, social media and these online identities. Multiple identities that are shaped and expressed through fashion and style are created and enacted through social media. Multiple case studies were analysed for qualitative secondary research to understand the effects of recreation of multiple online subcultures, which was filtered down to the Cottagecore, E-girls and Dark Academia subcultures while keeping in mind the relevance on social media and availability of resources. These were taken as interviews from articles and blogs as secondary research pertaining to each subculture. The objective of the article is to understand the effects of recreation of online subcultures on the particular subcultures, its intercommunity, intracommunity individuals, as well as the fashion industry. Mixing and recreation of subcultures create different styles and aesthetics; thus, fashion keeps changing according to that, and trends keep coming up in the fashion industry.
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Sweetman, Paul. "Structure, Agency, Subculture: The CCCS, Resistance through Rituals, and ‘Post-Subcultural’ Studies." Sociological Research Online 18, no. 4 (November 2013): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3246.
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Post-subcultural studies has emerged as a critical response to perceived difficulties with the previously dominant approach to subcultures associated with the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS). Alternative terms such as scene and tribe have been suggested in light of the supposedly more amorphous nature of contemporary formations. Others have defended the CCCS approach, or argued for a revised understanding of subculture which attends to difficulties with the CCCS framework whilst implying greater stability than other more recent terms. The following outlines these debates before focusing specifically on Hall and Jefferson's (2006) own response. Whilst agreeing with the argument that subcultural studies needs to be properly contextualised, it suggests that post-subcultural studies reminds us also of the need properly to attend to subcultures in practice. It then interrogates the claim that the CCCS did both, noting not just the lack of ethnography in Resistance through Rituals, but the bias against ethnography implicit in the Centre's Marxist-realist approach, and the unresolved tension between their culturalist and structuralist leanings, to which semiotic analysis came to the rescue by allowing agency to be read-off from subcultural assemblages rather than explored in practice. It also addresses some of the problems with this. It concludes by suggesting how the concept might be reformulated to address lacunae in the CCCS project and shifts in the nature of contemporary ‘subcultures’, whilst retaining a sense of their importance and not reducing them to the status of either youth-culture in general or any-other-lifestyle.
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Williams, J. Patrick. "The Straightedge Subculture on the Internet: A Case Study of Style-Display Online." Media International Australia 107, no. 1 (May 2003): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0310700108.
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This article discusses one way in which cultural studies theories can be applied to current research of subcultures on the internet. Starting from Clarke's and Hebdige's theories of subcultural style and Frith's theory of music and identity, a case study of an online subcultural website is used to highlight the ways in which resistance is displayed by members of the ‘straightedge’ music subculture. In particular, usernames and signature files are analysed to demonstrate how style is constructed to communicate subcultural values and beliefs. At the same time, a critique of semiotic analyses of subcultural style is raised. It is argued that ethnographic methods are better suited to interpreting social psychological and cultural meanings attributed to subcultural activities in cyberspace.
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Isaeva, Humay Islam. "Some stages of the formation of youth subcultures in Azerbaijan (historical aspects)." KANT Social Sciences & Humanities 9, no. 1 (January 2022): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2305-8757.2022-9.7.
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The purpose of this article is to describe the forms in which the phenomenon of subculture manifested itself and developed in Azerbaijan from the 1980s to 2010, first as part of the USSR, and then during the period of independence. It is noted that in almost all the republics of the former USSR, including Azerbaijan, subcultural social groups were formed, consisting of pro-Western, creative adolescents and youth, which radically differed from official public organizations, pioneer movements and other Soviet ideological lines, were even officially registered under the name of public associations and operated openly. Methods used. The article mainly used the methods of content analysis, the method of generalization, the method of historical analysis and other general scientific methods. Novelty in the article. For the first time in the domestic scientific literature, the issues of the formation and development of the youth subculture in Azerbaijan were subjected to careful analysis. Conclusions. The final part of the article summarizes the analysis of the stages of formation and development of the youth subculture in Azerbaijan, shows the main motives for the emergence of various types of this culture in social and spiritual life. It is also noted that when comparing informal associations in the former USSR with Western subcultural models, first of all, it should be noted that there was censorship in this system, lack of information, inaccessibility of foreign music and periodicals, etc. Due to these factors, the culture of young people was monotonous, dry and gray. Thus, in the examples of 3 types - club, hip-hop and emo, the formation and development of subcultures that existed in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods in Azerbaijan were laid not characteristic of the national mentality of values, forms of behavior and thinking. It is noted that there has always been a chaotic, unstable picture of the subculture in Azerbaijan. In most cases, instead of constancy and staticity, a process of fluidity can be observed in the subcultures of Azerbaijan. This can be seen in the example of almost all subcultural media. In the West, the human subculture is usually both a way of life and a source of income. However, due to the underdevelopment of the phenomenon of subculture in Azerbaijan, carriers of the subculture become a kind of amateurs.
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Williams, J. Patrick. "Subculture’s Not Dead! Checking the Pulse of Subculture Studies through a Review of ‘Subcultures, Popular Music and Political Change’ and ‘Youth Cultures and Subcultures: Australian Perspectives’." YOUNG 27, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308818761271.
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Empirical studies of youth cultures and subcultures continue to flourish alongside active theoretical progression and debates within and across a variety of intellectual traditions. Annually, a range of published articles, monographs and edited collections improve our collective knowledge about youth (sub)cultural phenomena from nearly every corner of the globe. In this article I review two recent edited volumes that deal explicitly with subculture studies: The Subcultures Network’s Subcultures, Popular Music and Political Change (2014, Cambridge Scholars Publishing) and Baker, Robards and Buttigieg’s Youth Cultures and Subcultures: Australian Perspectives (2015, Ashgate). I provide a brief description and summative evaluation of each volume and then organize the review itself in terms of a set of topics that I find to be most salient across the many chapters: identity and identification, centre and periphery, social media, and history. The review moves back and forth between the two volumes as I bring together chapters that are conceptually or analytically similar. My goal is not only to review the significance of the various published studies, but to highlight the continued relevance of the subculture concept.
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Xing, Li Jun, Tian Lei Qiu, Qiong Qiong Zhang, Bing Hao Su, and Xu Ming Wang. "Effect of Different Subculture Methods on Fruit-Body Yield of Cordyceps militaris." Advanced Materials Research 183-185 (January 2011): 1242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1242.
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Different inoculation methods were employed in the process of the Cordyceps militaris subculture. The experimental results indicated that fruit-body yields of strains obtained by mycelium subculture using transfer needle were unstable, and the subcultures obtained by transferring mycelial cakes made by using a punching bear had the relatively high stability. Two kind of subcultures had a significant difference in fruit-body yield using one-way ANOVA analysis (P<0.05).
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Kolesnik, Elena Andreevna, Vladimir Gennadyevich Stepanov, and Larisa Leonidovna Pavlova. "The Study of the phenomenon of the youth subculture and its place in the cultural and educational environment of the Russian higher education institution." Revista Amazonia Investiga 9, no. 26 (February 21, 2020): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.26.02.10.
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The article considers the youth subculture from the position of its place in the cultural and educational environment on the example of universities in Tyumen. The authors concluded that the concept of subculture accumulates a certain system of values and attitudes inherent in this or that isolated social community, as well as their ways of behavior and life styles. In the process of analysis it was determined that there was a positive attitude towards youth subcultures in universities. At the same time, the educational environment of universities is not always able to accept the diversity of youth subcultures. In this regard, the authors proposed some areas of interaction between universities and youth subcultures - the introduction of trendy elective courses in the educational space, the development of technical creativity through the maker culture, strengthening the health of students through the introduction of sports subcultures, etc.
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Leo, Tobias. "Der Nazis neue Kleider: Die Vereinnahmung jugendlicher Subkulturen durch die extreme Rechte." historia.scribere, no. 8 (June 14, 2016): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/historia.scribere.8.486.
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Far right parties, organisations and movements try to usurpate youth subcultural movements. As a result, Skinheads are primarily xenophobic and racist thugs for the public and media, although this subculture in reality is very heterogeneous. But it is true that right-wing extremist Skinheads are a large part of it. Today the Autonomous Nationalists try to conquer and copy left subcultures, but much more subtle and on a broad social base. The focus of this work is the acquisition of the Skinhead subculture and the attempt to do the same at left movements by the extreme right. As an explanatory model, the Hegemony Theory of Antonio Gramsci is used here.
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Roberts, Derek. "Subcultural boundary maintenance in a virtual community for body modification enthusiasts." International Journal of Cultural Studies 20, no. 4 (February 2, 2016): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367877916628240.
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While it has been suggested that tattoos and piercings have gone mainstream, there remains a body modification subculture dedicated to more extreme forms of modification than are accepted by the majority of society. I present data from an ethnographic study of the subculture, focusing on various attempts to uphold group boundaries in a virtual community designed for body modification enthusiasts. As the website began to shift away from its subcultural roots, members increasingly criticised the new administration and mainstream body modifiers. Emphasising the social distance between themselves and those with discreetly modified bodies, members of the subculture ultimately abandoned the online community they helped build. This study contributes to the understanding of the significance of virtual spaces to real-world subcultures.
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Osadcha, L. V. "Personal identity in the space of virtual culture: on the example of geek and glam subcultures." Anthropological Measurements of Philosophical Research, no. 22 (December 28, 2022): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/ampr.v0i22.271341.
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Purpose. The article presents exploring the cultural and anthropological traits of consumers and producers of cultural services and products in the digital epoch. There have been singled out two types of cultural subjectivity according to the aim of a person’s activity in the virtual net: either production of things, services, and technologies or the consumption and creative use of all mentioned innovations. So these sociocultural formations are called "geek" and "chic" subcultures. Theoretical basis. The historical genealogy of the definitions was analyzed, so as the changes in social esteem of the contribution of geeky persons to modern art and design practices. Social and cultural identities of those who belong to the modern youth-subcultural communities have been formed according to the topology and temporality of digital trends. To explain the worldview characteristics of the members of those subcultures the concept of "the New Middle Ages" was used to discover the values and pursuits of those who represent geek and chic subcultures. The study is based on the theoretical works of such classical authors as A. Toffler, and Z. Bauman, as well as current investigators of youth cultures. They are Calum Finister, Thomas V. Pollet, Nick Neave, Jessica McCain, Billy Wong. The chic subculture is oriented toward the imitation of visual images, consumer habits, and the way of life of successful (or seemed to be such) people. Glamorous followers need to receive approvals and likes from like-minded people. The geek subculture is more inner-sense-oriented. It unites intellectuals and activists who have common creative intentions. Originality. There have been analyzed the main attributes and features of such modern subcultures were conditionally named chic and geek. They were analyzed in the context of the concept of the New Middle Ages. Conclusions. The virtual user’s life world seems to be diverse only quantitatively, but qualitatively it is as narrow, mythopoetic, and esoterically uncritical as the world of the Medieval person, who used to live the whole life in the same place, mai in one’s village. But thanks to the merger of the IT industry with effective social management, the geek culture becomes a powerful super-subculture that defends values of social good, industrial productivity, and cultural creativity. Chic subculture creates new trends in fashion and art discourse. It develops modern lifestyles, its visual images with which our era will be associated in the future.
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Prickman, Gregory J. "A Network and its Ephemera before the Internet: The Hidden Treasures and Clear Challenges of Apazines." RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.9.1.303.
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Subcultures produce many types of ephemera, and they often have linguistic conventions that accompany them. To those outside, words such as “minac,” “egoboo,” “annish,” and “akicif ” have little meaning, but they are all examples from a particular subculture’s ephemeral publication that even goes by a name that is obscure: the apazine. What is an apazine, why are they increasingly important, and how is this type of ephemeral material made accessible? These questions can be answered by looking at how apazines developed and the characteristics of the subculture of science fiction fandom that created them.Message boards, listservs, and other ...
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Donnelly, Peter, and Kevin Young. "The Construction and Confirmation of Identity in Sport Subcultures." Sociology of Sport Journal 5, no. 3 (September 1988): 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.5.3.223.
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It is usual in interactionist research to view the process of socialization into subcultures as, in part, a process of identity formation. However, we prefer to examine this process, at least in the case of sport subcultures, as a far more deliberate act of identity construction. That is, through a variety of means, the most significant of which is modeling, the neophyte member begins to deliberately adopt mannerisms, attitudes, and styles of dress, speech, and behavior that he or she perceives to be characteristic of established members of the subculture. Such perceptions among neophytes are usually far from being completely accurate and are frequently stereotypical. Thus, it is necessary to examine also the complementary process of identity confirmation in order to conduct a more complete examination of socialization into a subcultural career. These processes, and neophyte mistakes emerging in them, are examined with respect to ethnographies of climbers and rugby players conducted by the authors, together with supporting material from studies of other sports-related aspects of ethnographic research.
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Sá, Aline de Jesus, Ana da Silva Lédo, Carlos Alberto da Silva Lédo, Moacir Pasqual, Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva, and Josué Francisco da Silva Junior. "Sealing and explant types on the mangaba micropropagation." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 36, no. 4 (August 2012): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542012000400004.
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In micropropagation, especially for mangaba tree botanical variety of Northeastern Brazil, limiting aspects such as ethylene accumulation in the cultivation flask and loss of vigor in subcultures have been observed. This study was aimed at assessing the technical and scientific knowledge of the in vitro propagation of botanical mangaba tree variety and at improving the micropropagation protocol, establishing the in vitro cultivation time, the best type of flask sealing and explant at different micropropagation stages. For the establishment phase and for the first and second subcultures, the MS medium with 3% sucrose and 0.6% agar, supplemented with 1 mg L-1 IAA and 1 mg L-1 BA was used. Evaluations were performed at 30, 50 and 65 days of in vitro cultivation. The best types of flask sealing for the establishment phase were the PVC film and Para-film® and for the first subculture the Para-film® seal. In the second subculture the PVC film and Para-film® seals promoted the best growth. The median and basal nodal segments presented the best performance in the first subculture. No significant effect of explant type was observed in the second subculture. The ideal subculture interval in the establishment phase and the first and second subcultures is 50 days.
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Serova, O. E., and E. P. Guseva. "The Spiritual Space of Modern Education: Problems, Theory, Practice. The Interregional Conference in Memory of A. D. Chervyakov." Psychological-Educational Studies 9, no. 4 (2017): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2017090412.
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The authors provided information on the first interregional conference of scientific and pedagogical community of the Yaroslavl region dedicated to the memory of the Psychological Institute employee A.D.Chervyakov - scholar, historian of psychology, methodology and organizer of work on the formation of spiritual and moral content of training courses for children and teenagers. In the plenary session speakers invited to discuss a wide range of General methodological issues: the moral lessons of the creative heritage of Russian ascetics, scholars and teachers; the importance of the Orthodox culture in historical educational research context; the practice of the study of old Russian literature as a factor in the spiritual development of students; studying in school and University language of the icon as the basis of spiritually-moral education of a person; moral criteria for the development of the individual student in the modern education; the spiritual foundations of psychological perspectives; ethical and moral standards in the work of the teacher. Discussion at the round table "Youth subculture: tradition and deviation, moral and psychological-pedagogical problems" turned on: a subculture as a tool of socialization and moral formation adolescents; antisocial practices in subcultural spaces; the moral and psychological degradation as a consequence of aggressive subcultural associations; the way to build a dialogue of generations in the modern educational space; the family as an important resource for the confrontation of anti-social effects of youth subcultures; the spiritual and moral traditions of the Yaroslavl region as a means to counter the influence of destructive youth subcultures.
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Jung, Jaehwan, Changi Nam, Euehun Lee, and Seongcheol Kim. "Subculture by autonomy and group cohesion and its effect on job satisfaction of R&D professionals in an R&D organization." Journal of Management & Organization 22, no. 2 (June 10, 2015): 154–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2015.20.
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AbstractProfessional research and development (R&D) organizations typically employ highly educated professionals to work on a range of creative, intellectual projects in their chosen fields. In these organizations, organizational culture and subculture are critical factors connected with project success. This paper explores the existence of subcultures and the factors that contribute to subcultures within a professional R&D organization, and examines subcultural effects on the job satisfaction of R&D professionals to suggest a suitable cultural type for professional R&D organizations. Autonomy and group cohesion are considered, so grid–group theory is applied to measure R&D culture. The subjects were 285 full-time researchers who had worked at the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, an international IT institution, for over 5 years. Differences were found in organizational culture according to the research fields and types (applied and developmental research). The egalitarian culture type (low grid, high group) is found to be suitable for improving job satisfaction in R&D organizations.
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van Elferen, Isabella. "East German Goth and the Spectres of Marx." Popular Music 30, no. 1 (January 2011): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143010000693.
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AbstractThe East of Germany, the Bundesländer of the former GDR, is an important centre of Goth activity. The Goth scene is remarkably large in this part of Germany, and one of the most important yearly Goth festivals, the Wave-Gotik-Treffen, takes place in Leipzig. This article investigates the specific characteristics and internal dynamics of East German Goth subcultures after German reunification. Combining subcultural theory and Gothic criticism with Derrida's notions of spectrality and hauntology, the potentials of Gothic as a form of cultural criticism are explored in an investigation of the psycho-social wasteland of the undead GDR. It will be argued that post-Cold War unification has not only led to a new political order, but has also given rise to a new type of Gothicism, as East German Goth subculture is haunted by ‘spectres of Marx’ that provide a critical engagement with globalised capital and media. As a specifically German version of the worldwide Goth scene, moreover, it marks the local boundedness of globalised subcultures.
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Yegorova, N. A., and I. V. Stavtzeva. "Clonal micropropagation of essential oil rose cultivars and breeding samples at long-term subcultivation in vitro." E3S Web of Conferences 224 (2020): 04010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022404010.
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The development of explants of 12 cultivars and breeding samples of essential oil rose (obtained with the participation of Rosa damascena Mill., R. gallica L., R. alba L.) during long-term micropropagation was investigated. At the second multiplication stage 5 subcultures were carried out. Increase of the studied morphometric parameters of explants to 3-4th subcultures was established. In some genotypes, the maximum multiplication index was in the third subculture (сultivars ‘Raduga’, ‘Zolushka’, ‘Lada’, ‘Krymskaya Krasnaya’, ‘Lany’, ‘Vesna’ and samples N37-24, M215), while in others (сultivar ‘Kazanlykskaya’ and samples N138, G2168, N37-2) – in the fourth. The largest increase of the multiplication index in 3-4th subcultures compared to the first (3.0-4.8 times) was found in the cultivars ‘Lada’, ‘Lany’, ‘Raduga’, ‘Krymskaya Krasnaya’ and sample N37-24. In the fifth subculture the multiplication index decreased. However, in most cultivars and breeding samples it was higher than in the first subculture. The best morphogenetic potential was noted for сultivar ‘Raduga’ and samples G2168, N37-2, in which the multiplication index reached 14.2, 14.4 and 11.8, respectively. The minimal ability to propagation in vitro was in samples M215 and N138 – their multiplication index did not exceed 1.1 - 4.0.
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SAUTKIN, Aleksander. "SUBCULTURE’S CREATIVITY AS AN IDENTITY FORMATION MECHANISM / SUBKULTŪROS KŪRYBIŠKUMAS KAIP TAPATUMO FORMAVIMOSI MECHANIZMAS." Creativity Studies 10, no. 1 (January 13, 2017): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/23450479.2016.1231138.
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This article is about the present day value transformation of Western European civilization, happening through production of alternative models of identification in different subcultures. Subcultural creativity is reviewed as an important differentiating factor of the previous ideological integrity, turning into some contradicting parts. We made an emphasis on black metal subculture, which actively sets itself in opposition to the dominant culture. The main ideological sources of black metal subculture are The Satanic Bible by Anton LaVey and neo-paganism. The analysis reveals that neo-paganism is a more important identification factor of the rebels coming out against the dominant culture, than their commitment to LaVey’s ideas, which align quite well with the goals and aims of the late capitalist society. In black metal subculture neo-paganism sometimes combines with extreme right-wing ideologies, transferring anti-Christian nihilism, adolescent misanthropy, and aesthetical radicalism into political aspect.
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Bérubé-Sasseville, Olivier. "Bone in the Throat: Video archiving and identity building within the Montreal hardcore scene." Punk & Post-Punk 00, no. 00 (August 2, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/punk_00106_1.
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During the 1990s and early 2000s, the Montreal hardcore scene was a vibrant, thriving and dynamic subculture with a strong sense of community. The generational and cyclical nature of such scenes has led, over the past two decades, to a significant crowd turnover with older people leaving and newcomers taking over. However, through the emergence of an Instagram account created by a man named Andy Chico Mak, its past memories are resurfacing. The recent dissemination of the Bone in the Throat series on social media, along with other archives including flyers, interviews and never-seen-before footage from the era, sparks a series of questions regarding the role and impact of archiving subcultures. Since the archival turn in social sciences, archives are considered as a reflexive and constitutive process of identity building and collective memory creating. In the case of subcultures, often overlooked by official heritage institutions, the importance of understanding archives as a site of cultural production is paramount. The collection and preservation of self-produced documents is key to scholars in order to understand the social and political dynamics at the heart of those communities. This article analyses the impact of years of video archives, gathered and organized through the work of Andy Chico Mak, in the process allowing the creation of collective memory and the development of ‘scene identity’. By relating to contemporary conversations about archiving subcultures, it also provides insight into the impact of new technologies and the creation of ‘subcultural collective memory’.
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Rybacka, Aleksandra. "WPŁYW NOWYCH MEDIÓW NA OTAKU JAKO SUBKULTURĘ I SPOŁECZNOŚĆ FANOWSKĄ. ANALIZA NA PRZYKŁADZIE FACEBOOKA." Civitas et Lex 6, no. 2 (November 10, 2018): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/cetl.2060.
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In this paper the author focuses mainly on the impact of new media on young people – membersof subcultures and fan communities. The first part is about the general phenomenon of new media,what includes convergence culture and remix culture. Second part contains information aboutpopculture and its creations – subcultures and fan communities. The author explains here whyotaku are a subculture. Third part is about the impact of new media on otaku what is analyzedon Facebook example.
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Zhu, Weiwei, Jinbo Hu, Jingliang Chi, Yang Li, Bing Yang, Wenli Hu, Fei Chen, Chong Xu, Linshan Chai, and Yongming Bao. "Label-Free Proteomics Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Subculture Induced Strain Degeneration and Discovery of Indicative Index for Degeneration in Pleurotus ostreatus." Molecules 25, no. 21 (October 24, 2020): 4920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214920.
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Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the widely cultivated edible fungi across the world. Mycelial subculture is an indispensable part in the process of cultivation and production for all kinds of edible fungi. However, successive subcultures usually lead to strain degeneration. The degenerated strains usually have a decrease in stress resistance, yield, and an alteration in fruiting time, which will subsequently result in tremendous economic loss. Through proteomic analysis, we identified the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus from different subcultured generations. We found that the DNA damage repair system, especially the double-strand breaks (DSBs), repairs via homologous recombination, was impaired in the subcultured mycelium, and gradual accumulation of the DSBs would lead to the strain degeneration after successive subculture. The TUNEL assay further confirmed our finding about the DNA breaks in the subcultured mycelium. Interestingly, the enzyme activity of laccase, carboxylic ester hydrolase, α-galactosidase, and catalase directly related to passage number could be used as the characteristic index for strain degeneration determination. Our results not only reveal for the first time at the molecular level that genomic instability is the cause of degeneration, but also provide an applicable approach for monitoring strain degeneration in process of edible fungi cultivation and production.
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Tkachivska, M. "Subcultures and Their Characteristic Linguistic Properties." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 3, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.3.4.20-26.
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The article deals with subcultures and their characteristic linguistic properties. Subculture is characterized by a number of designations that serve as a code for communication between “themselves”, as a means of isolating and creating opposition, for self-expression, etc. As most subcultures are represented by young people, youth language absorbs lexical units peculiar for subcultures. Despite the fact that lexicon of subcultures as well as the youth language in general is influenced by the flow of time and changes, it is mostly recorded in the dictionaries, some of it goes into the spoken language, which is used not only by young, but middle and older generation, especially when it comes to notions which emerged at the time of their youth (for example, certain designations in music). Based on the study of German scientists who distinguish the main characteristics of subcultures and inherent for them groups of the most used lexical units, one can observe both coincidence and divergence of lexical units meaning recorded in the dictionaries. Besides specific notions indicating certain characteristics of one or another subgroup (related to music, fashion etc.), subcultures mainly use the youth and spoken language and if necessary a literary one. In the language of subcultures the intensifiers such as, voll, total, echt, tierisch, unheimlich, irre etc are used to reinforce the quality. In the Ukrainian writers’ translations into German one can notice a number of analyzed lexical units typical for the language of subcultures as well as for the youth language in general
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Valliere, Dave. "Cameroonian perspectives on entrepreneurship: discovering subcultural heterogeneity." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 12, no. 3 (July 9, 2018): 258–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-10-2017-0076.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore cultural attitudes and beliefs about entrepreneurship in the southwestern region of Cameroon. This study also identifies the existence of subcultural variations with important implications for the development of entrepreneurial activities in Cameroon. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the hybrid qualitative/quantitative Q methodology to survey and analyze a purposively diverse sample of individuals and thereby discover subcultural structures and patterns to the attitudes and beliefs that exist in Cameroonian culture. Findings This study discovers three distinct subcultures that differ significantly in their attitudes and beliefs about entrepreneurship. These subcultures can neither be predicted from commonly used national measures of cultures, such as those of Hofstede, nor are they directly attributable to regional effects. Research limitations/implications The author calls into question the continuing use of national culture as a construct in explaining and predicting entrepreneurial activities, through discovery of subcultures at odds with national measures. Further research should be undertaken to assess the prevalence within Cameroonian society of the three widely different subcultures identified here. Practical implications This paper highlights the importance of incorporating subcultural variations in attitudes and beliefs (whether regional, tribal or other) in the development and implementation of public policies to affect national entrepreneurship. Originality/value The paper applies a novel methodology to qualitatively explore the subjective variations in the meaning and value of entrepreneurship in Cameroonian society, and to quantitatively develop a structure or typology to these variations.
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Abrosimov, Viktor Viktorovich. "Is punk not dead?: retrospective analysis of the Russian subcultures." Политика и Общество, no. 3 (March 2021): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0684.2021.3.36712.
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The object of this research is the punk subcultures, while the subject is the genesis of punk subcultures. The goal lies in retrospective analysis of punk subcultures for compiling an objective image of subcultural space and advancing the hypotheses for further development of the spiritual and material elements of subcultures. Methodological framework consists of the genesis of punk culture, taking into account the currently observed changes observed today over time to the period of its emergence in the cultural space. Retrospective analysis allows determining all changes in the qualitative and quantitative state for certain time periods, particularly since the origin of subcultures in the second half of the XX century until the preset for tracing the dynamics of the development of subcultures. The article carries out a retrospective examination of the genesis of punk subcultures in Russia; compares the ideas advanced by the subcultures with the achieved results. The use of reliable sociological methods in the modern conditions when subcultures mostly exists in the Internet streams, and restrictive measures due to the outbreak of coronavirus pandemic, seems extremely difficult and even impossible. The article describes the gradual commercialization of the counter- and sub- cultures in the early XX century, their partial integration into popular culture by the producers and managers, departure from the anarchic philosophical tradition, and withering away of nihilistic tends. The consideration of experience allows optimizing the sociocultural processes and managing the risks of sociocultural development in the future.
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Iddon, Martin. "What Becomes of the Avant-Guarded? New Music as Subculture." Circuit 24, no. 3 (December 1, 2014): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027610ar.
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In a short ‘vox pop,’ written for Circuit in 2010, on the subject of the ‘future’ of new music, I proposed that new music — or the version of it tightly intertwined with what was once thought of as the international avant-garde, at any rate — might today be better thought of as a sort of subculture, akin to the spectacular subcultures of goth and punk, but radically different in that they developed from the ‘grassroots,’ as it were, while new music comes from a position of extreme cultural privilege, which is to say it has access, even now, to modes of funding and infrastructure subcultures ‘proper’ never have. This essay develops this line of enquiry, outlining theories of subculture and post-subculture — drawing on ‘classic’ and more recent research, from Hebdige and Cohen to Hodkinson, Maffesoli, and Thornton — before presenting the, here more detailed, case that new music represents a sort of subculture, before making some tentative proposals regarding what sort of subculture it is and what this might mean for contemporary understandings of new music and what it is for.
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Bull, Anna. "An end to Collective Identities? Political Culture and Voting Behaviour in Sesto San Giovanni and Erba." Modern Italy 1, no. 2 (1996): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532949608454767.
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SummaryThis paper addresses the question of the demise or resilience of political subcultures in Italy today, focusing on two areas, Sesto San Giovanni and Erba, characterized until recently by a socialist/communist subculture and a Catholic/interclassist one. The voting behaviour and political values of key social groups, above all industrial workers, in these two towns provides evidence of the persistence and indeed revival of political subcultures in Italy. The paper argues that their function has changed, though. Whereas in the past a political subculture encompassed the whole spatial community, nowadays it appears to represent the interests and needs of specific groups within a territory, thus becoming one of many political instruments and choices open to social actors and voters.
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Collier, Ben, Richard Clayton, Alice Hutchings, and Daniel Thomas. "Cybercrime is (often) boring: Infrastructure and alienation in a deviant subculture." British Journal of Criminology 61, no. 5 (April 15, 2021): 1407–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azab026.
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Abstract The boredom and alienation produced by capitalist societies and countervailing forces of attraction and excitement are at the heart of the subcultural account of crime. The underground hacker subculture is no exception, commonly represented as based around exciting, technically skilled practices and high-profile deviance. However, the illicit economy associated with these practices has become industrialized, developing shared infrastructures that facilitate the sale of illicit services rather than skilled technical work. We explore how this shift in the nature of work has shaped the culture and experiences of this subculture. Developing a novel concept—the ‘illicit infrastructure’—and drawing on an extensive analysis of empirical data from interviews and novel data sources such as forums and chat channels, we argue that as they industrialize, deviant subcultures can begin to replicate the division of labour, cultural tensions and conditions of alienation present in mainstream capitalist economies.
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van de Kamp, Jan. "Religious Subcultures and Reading Culture." Quaerendo 51, no. 4 (November 10, 2021): 348–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700690-12341495.
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Abstract For religious subcultures, the reading of religious books was of great importance, even for Roman Catholics, renowned for their ritual-mindedness and the prevailing limitations in terms of religious reading for laypeople. This article aims to reveal the extent to which the status and role of a subculture affected the printing history and reception of religious books. The Post-Reformation Low Countries – split into the South, where the Catholics were a dominant culture, and the Dutch Republic in the North, where they were a subculture – provides an excellent case study. A very popular meditation book serves as the source for the study, namely Sondaechs Schoole (Sunday school) (1623).
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Jan, Tour, Ikram Ullah, Bilal Muhammad, _. Tariq, Ali Mansoor, Zaheer Ullah, and Muhammad Asif Nawaz. "EFFICIENT in vitro PROPAGATION OF Amaranthus viridis L. USING NODE EXPLANTS." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 19, no. 4 (August 28, 2020): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2020.4.4.
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Hyperhydricity is a frequently problem in plants during in vitro culture and affected micropropagation ofplants. To develop an efficient in vitro regenerated system without hyperdydricity, we demonstrated the effectof different disinfected agents (mercuric chlorite and hypochlorite), growth regulators, their concentrationsand combinations, Agar, pH, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and number of subcultures. Mercuric chlorite at0.07% and exposing time (9–10 min) was appropriate for hygienic culture. The shoots induced by Benzyladnine(BA) alone or in combination with α-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) exhibited maximum multiplicationwith symptoms of hyperhydricity than those induced by Kinetin alone or in combination with NAA. Hyperhydricitywas also reduced by increasing the concentration of agar, pH and elimination of NH4NO3 from themacroelements of Murashig and Skoog (MS) medium. Repeated subcultures affected both multiplication andhyperhydricity. The multiplication of shoots increased from parental culture up to 5th subculture and thereafterdeclined in 6th subculture. Although shoot hyperhydricity were observed from 1st subculture (19%) andthen increased up to 85% in 6th subculture. This increased in hyperhydricity could be due to the remaininginfluence of hormones. In shoots of 5th subculture the content of chlorophyll (dark green) were higher thanshoots of 6th subculture.
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Chandler, Nick, Balázs Heidrich, Karina Szászvári, and Richárd Kása. "Reframing market-orientation: A comparative study of the market orientation concept in the subcultures of university employees." Society and Economy 43, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 270–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/204.2021.00011.
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Abstract In a higher education institution, perceptions and values are split due to the emergence of subcultures, and market orientation is split into competitive, customer (student) and interfunctional orientation. This study seeks to shed light on the concept of market orientation in this context through a comparison of perceptions and values of market orientation in subcultures in a higher education institution in Hungary and consider avenues for potential best practice. Through a mixed method approach, subcultures are identified and are found to exhibit a combination of overlapping and disparate market-oriented values and perceptions. Market orientation is found to be a continuum and affected by an array of latent variables, such as level of support (institutional and collegial), attitudes to performance appraisal and extent of external focus. Management must tailor the initial message of a market orientation strategy to the shared values at the organizational level, and then adjust the message and incentives to each subculture. In this way, management can create an atmosphere of cohesion, whilst addressing diversity in subcultures.
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Lee, Hyoeun, and Haenghoon Kim. "Vigorous Growing of Donor Plantlets by Liquid Overlay in Subcultures Is the Key to Cryopreservation of Endangered Species Pogostemon yatabeanus." Plants 11, no. 22 (November 16, 2022): 3127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11223127.
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Cryopreservation is a unique option for the long-term conservation of threatened plant species with non-orthodox or limitedly available seeds. However, the wide application of cryopreservation for the protection of wild flora is hampered by some reasons: limits of source material available, difficulties in in vitro propagation, needs to re-optimize protocol steps for new species, etc. In this study, using an endemic and endangered Korean species, Pogostemon yatabeanus, we investigated subculture medium and supplements on in vitro growth of donor plants: medium strength, gelling agents, liquid overlay, plant hormones, and activated charcoal. Subculture conditions of each cycle tested significantly impacted on height and dry weight of subcultured donor plantlets. Among the treatments tested, the overlay of the liquid medium on top of gellan gum-gelled medium significantly increased the growth of shoots and roots. In the droplet-vitrification procedure, the survival and regeneration of cryopreserved shoot tips were critically impacted by the dry weight of donor plantlets (CORELL = 0.85~0.95) which was affected by the following subculture conditions. Moreover, every subsequent subculture cycle before cryopreservation positively or negatively impacted post-cryopreservation regeneration. This study highlights the vigor of donor plantlets for post-cryopreservation regeneration and provides practices for the revitalization of donor plants during subcultures.
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Ivanov, Dmitrii I. "“The Dying Criminal”: The Image of the Anarchist Shlioma Asnin and the Political Struggle in Petrograd, June 1917." Historia provinciae – the journal of regional history 4, no. 3 (2020): 884–928. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/2587-8344-2020-4-3-6.
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The paper considers the process of forming political authority during the 1917 Russian Revolution on the example of anarchist Shlioma Asnin. The importance of belonging to a subculture for building a political figure’s image and an enemy image is demonstrated. Various options of participation in a revolutionary subculture are considered, and mutual influence between common-criminal and revolutionary subcultures is described. Hard labor created “counter-mores” shared by both groups of criminals but social capital accumulated within political-prison subculture could not necessarily be translated into political authority at liberty. In Asnin’s case, perception of him as a revolutionary was undermined by a tattoo discovered on his body, the tattoo being linked to his common-criminal past before his “conversion” into a convinced anarchist. A revolutionary’s image was “assembled” from the elements some of which made the person unacceptable for society in general. Pathologization of opponents, in part due to subcultural identity, made political dialogue more difficult and increased the probability of violence. Methods of sociology of deviance were employed as the paper’s analytical apparatus.
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Sarbasov, A. B., B. L. Manin, R. V. Yashin, I. N. Shumilova, and V. I. Diev. "TESTING SHEEP AND GOAT POX VIRUSES FOR THEIR REPRODUCTION IN PRIMARY AND SUBCULTURED CELLS." Veterinary Science Today, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29326/2304-196x-2019-2-29-35-40.
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Results of tests of sheep and goat poxviruses for their reproduction in primary and subcultured cell cultures derived from lamb and goat kid kidneys and testicles are presented. Monolayer cultures were subcultured by 5 passages in plastic vials and infected with sheep and goat poxviruses. It was shown that production ARRIAH strain of sheep pox virus and ARRIAH 2003 strain of goat pox virus successfully propagated both in primary lamb and goat kid kidney and testicle cell cultures and lamb and goat kid kidney and testicle cell subcultures. Activity of sheep and goat poxviruses passaged 5 times was 5.5–6.0 lg TCID50/cm3. Taking into account that modern cell cultivation conditions allow primary trypsinized cell populations subcultivation up to 25–30th passage, subcultures together with continuous cell lines can be used for large-scale sheep and goat poxvirus production and research purposes.
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Rutherford, Leonie, Elizabeth Bullen, and Lenise Prater. "Paranormal Politics and the Romance of Urban Subcultures: Youth Mobility in Cassandra Clare’s and Melissa Marr’s Fantasy Texts." Jeunesse: Young People, Texts, Cultures 8, no. 1 (June 2016): 66–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jeunesse.8.1.66.
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This essay examines the political and social significance of the intrusion of the supernatural into youth subcultures in two urban fantasy series: Cassandra Clare’s Mortal Instruments and Melissa Marr’s Wicked Lovely. Both series represent the idea of human youth mobility and social affiliation based on volition. The tolerant urban spaces through which their girl protagonists initially move accommodate a diversity of subcultural aesthetics. By contrast, the supernatural subcultures with which these girls become involved are fraught with conflict, and the mobility of their members is limited. Drawing on post-subcultural theory, we identify a tension between late modern and premodern social organization and political values in contemporary urban fantasy for young adults and compare how it is resolved in Clare’s and Marr’s texts.
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Gebel, Tomasz. "Youth subcultures in the world of popular culture." Osvitolohiya, no. 6 (2017): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2226-3012.2017.6.128136.
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The autor discusse the issues of the symbolic and material world born out of subcultural currents. The activity of the most distinctive youth subcultures has also been presented over the last decades. The author describes the relations between the world of popular (widely accessible, mass) culture and counter culture. The examples of norms, patterns, values and products of particular subcultures show the way in which they contested popculture. Moreover, the author draws due attention to challenges and possibilities faced by education in the field of the culture of subcultures. The findings of the research show that the emergence of various youth movements and their individual manifestations is important in the process of cultural development of society rather than threaten culture, since it enriches it with new elements, making culture more complicated.In turn, the danger of subcultures is connected with creating a particular threat to the existing social order. Subcultures bring sufferings to those who want to push the one true vision of reality. Culture is an incredible instrument for people making decisions to understand their audience.The history of the twentieth century is a history of subcultures. They were a reflection of the enormous social and cultural changes that took place throughout the world.It was the young people who frankly reacted to the reality that was different from ideas and dreams.Subcultures have been a reflection of their aspirations, a part of the world that can be managed the way they want. The presence of the youth subcultures in the world seems to be a great opportunity to instill the idea of dialogue, to ensure tolerance to the Other.They are an indescribable challenge to education in today's multicultural world.
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Yakovleva, V. V., and R. R. Alimova. "Peculiarities of Verbal Communication of Some Youth Subcultural Representatives in Spain." Linguistics & Polyglot Studies 8, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2022-1-30-114-121.
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This article is dedicated to the investigation of the most characteristic peculiarities of the identification mode of certain subcultural representatives compared to the main or dominant culture expression. To this end, the article analyses, firstly, the evolution of the term “culture” and the emergence of the “subculture” phenomenon, the history of the so-called urban tribes formation into a new social phenomenon, as well as the correlations between such concepts as “dominant culture” and “subculture”, “dominant culture” and “counterculture”. Secondly, in the article are described some vestimentary code features and the verbal realization of the identity of bakala, choni and cani subcultures, belonging to the so-called “poligono” groups, numerically superior to other groups composed by marginal young people. From the point of view of the language of these subcultures, they belong to the category of vernacular, based on a mixture of the Andalusian vernacular and a criminal slang. In this regard, the article considers the formation of the slang of similar social groups, the trends in their use of word-formation models and the grammatical design of sentences, as well as the graphical manifestation of their speech features using the examples from video and audio recordings of informants, interviews and blogs of the world youth fashion and showbusiness representatives. The study of a graphic speech representation can be used to investigate tendencies in word reduction or replacement with icons, as well as other features in the language of Internet forums, commentaries on publications and other forms of communication in the Internet.The relevance of this article is in the speech analysis of modern Spanish subcultural representatives that have emerged over two decades and existed in all major cities of Spain, have a certain influence on the speech behavior of politicians and have given new lexical units included in the Royal Spanish Academy dictionary. The article contains not only linguistic, but also extralinguistic material, which can be used in lexicology, linguistic studies, linguoculturology and in the teaching of related disciplines and may be of interest to a wide audience studying Spanish.