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Academic literature on the topic 'Subalpine ecosystems'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Subalpine ecosystems"

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Gorobtsova, Olga, Viktoria Chadaeva, Fatima Gedgafova, Tatyana Uligova, Rustam Tembotov, and Elena Khakunova. "The current state of mountain meadow soils of subalpine pasture ecosystems of the Central Caucasus (elbrus altitudinal zonality)." BIO Web of Conferences 35 (2021): 00009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213500009.

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Intensive recreational, agricultural and logistics land use in uplands leads to their transformation and degradation. Subalpine meadow ecosystems of Central Caucasus are traditionally used for grazing and mowing. The work determined the current state of soils on pastures (mountain meadow-steppe subalpine soil and mountain meadow subalpine soil) and the level of changes of their properties under different stages of pasture degradation were defined. The efficacy of 4-stage assessment system for evaluating the pasture degradation of grasslands dominated by Bromus variegatus M. Bieb. was shown for the assessment of soil cover condition. The reduce of estimated soil indicators and degradation of soils under pastures with maximal degradation stage (DS3) of meadow ecosystems was statistically significant.
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Liu, Yang, Qianmei Chen, Zexi Wang, Haifeng Zheng, Yamei Chen, Xian Chen, Lifeng Wang, Hongjie Li, and Jian Zhang. "Nitrogen Addition Alleviates Microbial Nitrogen Limitations and Promotes Soil Respiration in a Subalpine Coniferous Forest." Forests 10, no. 11 (November 16, 2019): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10111038.

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Soil microbes are an important component of soil ecosystems that influence material circulation and are involved in the energy flow of ecosystems. The increase in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects all types of terrestrial ecosystems, including subalpine forests. In general, alpine and high-latitude ecosystems are N limited. Increased N deposition could therefore affect microbial activity and soil respiration. In this study, four levels of N addition, including CK (no N added), N1 (2 g m−2 a−1), N2 (5 g m−2 a−1), and N3 (10 g m−2 a−1), were carried out in a Sichuan redwood forest at the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. The dynamics of soil respiration, major microbial groups, ecoenzymatic stoichiometry, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC and MBN, respectively) were investigated over a year. The results showed that N application significantly increased soil respiration (11%–15%), MBC (5%–9%), MBN (23%–34%), N-acetylglucosidase (56.40%–204.78%), and peroxidase (42.28%–54.87%) activities. The promotion of soil respiration, N-acetylglucosidase, and peroxidase was highest under the N2 treatment. The carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus metabolism of soil microbes in subalpine forests significantly responded to N application. In the latter stages of N application, microbial metabolism changed from being N restricted to phosphorus restricted, especially under the N2 treatment. Soil bacteria (B) and gram-positive (G+) bacteria were the dominant microbial groups affecting soil respiration. Structural equation modelling indicated that N application significantly promoted soil respiration and microbial biomass, whereas the main microbial groups did not significantly respond to N application. Therefore, we conclude that short-term N addition alleviates microbial nitrogen limitation and promotes soil respiration in the subalpine forest ecosystem that accelerates soil carbon (C) and N cycling. Continuous monitoring is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms under long-term N deposition, which may help in forecasting C, N, and P cycling in the alpine region under global climate change.
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Stanton, Nancy, Steven Buskirk, and Steve Miller. "Habitat Distribution of Small Mammal Communities in Grand Teton National Park." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 14 (January 1, 1990): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1990.2903.

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Since Grand Teton National Park adopted a natural fire policy in the early 1970's, four major fires have burned within the park which created a chronosequence of post-burn successional ecosystems. The burns encompassed forests varying in composition from Englemann spruce (Picea englemanil) /subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) /lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) (Beaver Creek, Mystic Isle) to Englemn spruce / subalpine fir (Waterfalls Canyon) to primarily lodgepole pine (Huckleberry Mountain).
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Gray, Paul A. "Impacts of climate change on diversity in forested ecosystems: Some examples." Forestry Chronicle 81, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc81655-5.

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Ecological diversity (the product of ecosystem, species, and genetic diversity) will change significantly in the 21st Century in response to the combined influence of climate, human activities, the movement of indigenous and non-indigenous species, and natural disturbances like fire (also modified by climate). Many species will acclimate (phenotypic variation) and/or adapt (genotypic variation) to changing conditions. Many will not. Species with a high rate of reproduction that are able to move long distances, rapidly colonize new habitats, tolerate humans, and survive within a broad range of biophysical conditions will be most successful in finding new niches. Large changes in ecosystem composition, structure, and function are expected to occur at northern latitudes and higher altitudes. In some areas novel ecosystems likely will replace existing subalpine, alpine, boreal forest, and tundra ecosystems. Key words: climate change, ecodiversity, forest, ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic diversity
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Chadaeva, V. A., N. L. Tsepkova, and R. H. Pshegusov. "Climatogenic changes in meadow ecosystems in the Central Caucasus on the example of specially protected natural areas." REPORTS ADYGE (CIRCASSIAN) INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 22, no. 1 (2022): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47928/1726-9946-2022-22-1-57-70.

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The basic trends of vegetation dynamics in meadow ecosystems of the Central Caucasus under the impact of current climatic changes were revealed on the example of sub-alpine meadows of the National Park <<Prielbrusye>> and Sukan plot of the Kabardino-Balkarian State High-Mountain Reserve. In the past 20 years, in the mountains of the Central Caucasus, during the period of active vegetation, the temperature increased by 0,46~С and precipitation by 16,24 mm, respectively. Humid subalpine meadows, which are indicators of climatic changes, are therewith more susceptible to climatic changes. Significant changes were registered in the following geobotanical and ecological parameters per 6--7 years. Mesophytous subalpine meadows are less susceptible. Steppe subalpine meadows are insignificantly responsive to current climatic changes.
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JENKINS, MEAGHAN, and MARK A. ADAMS. "Vegetation type determines heterotrophic respiration in subalpine Australian ecosystems." Global Change Biology 16, no. 1 (January 2010): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01954.x.

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Price, Karen, Rachel F. Holt, and Dave Daust. "Conflicting portrayals of remaining old growth: the British Columbia case." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 51, no. 5 (May 2021): 742–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2020-0453.

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Old growth is disappearing globally, with implications for biodiversity, forest resilience, and carbon storage; yet uncertainty remains about how much exists, partly because assessments stratify ecosystems differently, sometimes obscuring relevant patterns. This paper compares portrayals of British Columbia’s (BC) old-growth forest stratified in two ways: by biogeoclimatic variant, as per policy, and by relative site productivity. Our analyses confirm provincial government claims that about a quarter of BC’s forests are old growth but find that most of this area has low realized productivity, including subalpine and bog forests, and that less than 1% is highly productive old growth, growing large trees. Within biogeoclimatic variant, nearly half of high-productivity forest landscapes have less than 1% of the expected area of old forest. Low-productivity ecosystems are over-represented in protected forest. We suggest that the experiment of managing old growth solely by biogeoclimatic variant has failed and that current forest policy, in combination with timber harvesting priorities, does not maintain representative ecosystems, counter to the intent of both policy and international conventions. Stratifying old growth by relative productivity within biogeoclimatic variant seems an appropriate method to portray ecosystem representation, potentially increasing the probability of maintaining ecosystem resilience.
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Gedgafova, Fatima, Olga Gorobtsova, Tatyana Uligova, Rustam Tembotov, and Elena Khakunova. "Biological activity of mountain meadow subalpine soils of Central Caucasus." BIO Web of Conferences 35 (2021): 00008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213500008.

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Indicators of biological activity (humic content and stock, Cmic content and stock, hydrolytic and redox enzymes activity) were measured for the first time in the upper horizons of mountain meadow subalpine soils of Central Caucasus (elbrus altitudinal zonality in Kabardino-Balkaria). The comparative assessment was performed for the biological characteristics together with soil density and acid-base properties for soils of natural and pasture ecosystems. The integral index of ecological and biological soil state (IIEBSS) was calculated to estimate the level of changes in biological activity. It was shown that pasture degradation leads to 30% decrease of IIEBSS compared to the undisturbed soil. The defined biological parameters of natural undisturbed mountain meadow soils could be used as diagnostic indicators for the ecological studies of ecosystems under anthropogenic load.
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Brunswig, Robert H., and James P. Doerner. "Lawn Lake, a high montane hunting camp in the Colorado (USA) rocky mountains: Insights into early Holocene Late Paleoindian hunter-gatherer adaptations and paleo-landscapes." North American Archaeologist 42, no. 1 (September 14, 2020): 5–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197693120958352.

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The Lawn Lake site is a stratified hunting camp situated on a glacial lake outlet river terrace in Rocky Mountain National Park’s upper subalpine forest zone. Its archaeological assemblage represents 9,000 years of hunter-gatherer use as a summer game and plant processing camp for subalpine forest and nearby alpine tundra resource areas. This article’s focus is on the site’s earliest camp levels which contain artifacts and AMS radiocarbon dated hearth charcoal between 8,900 and 7,900 cal yr BP, placing them among the region’s earliest high montane (3,353 m ASL) Paleoindian hunting camps, once part of a network of such sites designed to support systematic high altitude procurement of summer migratory game animals and plant foods in Southern Rocky Mountain subalpine forest and tundra ecosystems. Lawn Lake paleoclimate and paleoecology studies produced long-term pollen records and climate-proxy sediment data for modeling the site’s prehistoric climate and ecology history, useful for interpreting its high-altitude Late Paleoindian hunter-gatherer adaptations.
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Peterson, David W., David L. Peterson, and Gregory J. Ettl. "Growth responses of subalpine fir to climatic variability in the Pacific Northwest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 1503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-072.

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We studied regional variation in growth-limiting factors and responses to climatic variability in subalpine forests by analyzing growth patterns for 28 tree-ring growth chronologies from subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) stands in the Cascade and Olympic Mountains (Washington and Oregon, U.S.A.). Factor analysis identified four distinct time series of common growth patterns; the dominant growth pattern at any site varied with annual precipitation and temperature (elevation). Throughout much of the region, growth is negatively correlated with winter precipitation and spring snowpack depth, indicating that growth is limited primarily by short growing seasons. On the driest and warmest sites, growth is negatively correlated with previous summer temperature, suggesting that low summer soil moisture limits growth. Growth patterns in two regions were sensitive to climatic variability associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, apparently responding to low-frequency variation in spring snowpack and summer soil moisture (one negatively, one positively). This regional-scale analysis shows that subalpine fir growth in the Cascades and Olympics is limited by different climatic factors in different subregional climates. Climate–growth relationships are similar to those for a co-occurring species, mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carrière), suggesting broad biogeographic patterns of response to climatic variability and change by subalpine forest ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Subalpine ecosystems"

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Jenkins, Meaghan Edith Biological Earth &amp Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "Carbon cycling in sub-alpine ecosystems." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44822.

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The relationship between temperature and soil respiration has been well explored although uncertainties remain. This thesis examined the relationship between temperature and rates of heterotrophic respiration in soils from three adjacent sub-alpine Australian vegetation types; woodland, shrubland and grassland. Temperature sensitivity of soil (Q10) has recently been a hotly debate topic, one side concluding that decomposition of recalcitrant, less labile components of soil organic matter are insensitive to temperature. Whilst others argue that there is no difference in the temperature sensitivities of labile and recalcitrant carbon pools. Robust modeling of rates of soil respiration requires characterization of the temperature response of both labile and recalcitrant pools. Laboratory incubation provides a means of characterizing the temperature response of rates of respiration whilst reducing the confounding effects encountered in the field, such as seasonal fluctuations in temperature, moisture and substrate supply. I used a novel system that allowed laboratory measurement of gas exchange in soils over a range of temperatures under controlled conditions. Measurements included CO2 efflux and O2 uptake over a range of temperatures from 5 to 40oC, characterization of temperature response and sensitivity, and respiratory quotients. Rates of heterotrophic respiration fitted both exponential and Arrhenius functions and temperature sensitivity varied and depended on the model used, vegetation type and depth in the soil profile. Long-term incubation indicated both labile and resistant pools of carbon had similar temperature sensitivities. Respiratory quotients provided a strongly predictive measure of the potential rate of decomposition of soil C, independent of the temperature response of respiration, providing a tool that may be used alongside derived parameters to help understand shifts in microbial use of C substrates. Vegetation type influenced soil chemical properties and rates of heterotrophic respiration. Rates of respiration correlated well with concentrations of carbon and nitrogen as has been previously observed, unlike previous studies however a positive correlation was observed between indices of plant available phosphorus and respiration. The soils examined were from three adjacent vegetation types formed on common geology, I concluded that vegetation type had a significant influence on soil, in contrast to the commonly held view by ecologists that soil type drives patterns in vegetation. Climatic effects such as longer, dryer hotter summer, reduced snow cover and increased incidence of extreme weather events such as frosts and bushfire are likely to drive patterns in vegetation in this region and therefore have a significant impact on carbon cycling in Sub-alpine Australian soils.
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Lamanna, Christine Anne. "The Structure and Function of Subalpine Ecosystems in the Face of Climate Change." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228495.

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Subalpine ecosystems are experiencing rapid changes in snow pack, temperature, and precipitation regime as a result of anthropogenic climate forcing. These changes in climate can have a profound effect on subalpine ecosystem structure and functioning, which may ultimately feed back to climate change. In this study, I examined the response of the subalpine meadow plant communities at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory to natural and simulated climate change. First, I looked at whether changes in growing season precipitation or temperature regime would have the larger effect on subalpine ecosystem carbon flux. In a simulated warming experiment, changes in growing season precipitation had a tenfold larger effect on cumulative carbon flux than did the warming treatment. Along a natural climatic and elevational gradient, precipitation stimulates carbon uptake, particularly at higher elevations. Given projected decreases in summer precipitation in the high elevation Rockies, we predict a 20% decrease in carbon uptake from subalpine meadows. Second, I compared the taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional structure of plant communities along an elevational gradient to infer which climatic and biotic factors influence community assembly at each elevation. Floral and phenology traits become overdispersed at high elevation, mirroring phylogenetic relatedness, and suggesting pressure to diversify to attract pollinators during the abbreviated growing season. At the same time, leaf functional traits become clustered at high elevation, indicating multiple opposing assembly mechanisms in subalpine communities. Finally, I studied the natural history of sagebrush, Artemisia tridentate ssp. vaseyana, at its elevational range limit in subalpine meadows. In particular, I focused on the importance of warming and species interactions in elevational advance of the species. I found that facilitation by neighboring forbs was critical for sagebrush seedling survival, decreasing mortality by 75%. Seedling mortality was overwhelmingly due to desiccation of seedlings; therefore, neighboring forbs moderate temperature and water stress for seedlings. Despite the extremely limited growing season at high elevation caused by subfreezing temperatures, subalpine ecosystem structure and function are closely tied to water availability during the growing season. Therefore, improved predictions of future precipitation regimes over the Rocky Mountains will be our best tool for conservation of these fragile habitats.
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Conner, Lafe G. "Environmental and Adaptive Buffers that Mediate the Response of Subalpine Ecosystems to Environmental Change." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5913.

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This document reports the results of 4 studies of subalpine ecosystem ecology, describing ways that spatial heterogeneity in soils and plant communities mediate ecosystem responses to environmental change. Ecosystem responses to environmental change are also mediated by regional climate patterns and interannual variability in weather. In the first chapter we report the results of an experiment to test for the mediating effects of associational resistance in a forest community that experienced wide-spread beetle kill. We found that Engelmann spruce were more likely to survive a beetle outbreak when growing in low densities (host dilution) and not through other types of associational resistance that relate to higher tree-species richness or greater phylogenetic diversity of the forest community. In the second chapter we report the effects of early snowmelt on soil moisture in subalpine meadow and aspen communities. We found that soil organic matter, soil texture, and forest cover mediated the effects of early snowmelt and were more important drivers of growing-season soil moisture than was snow-free date. In the third chapter we report the effect of early snowmelt on growth and seed production of early-season and midsummer herbaceous species. We found that the primary effect that snowmelt timing had on plant growth was through its effect on species distribution. Changes in the timing of snowmelt had limited effect on the growth, flowering, and seed count of species after they were established. In the final chapter, we report the effect of early snowmelt on soil respiration, microbial biomass, dissolved organic carbon and soil organic carbon. We found that early snowmelt resulted in warmer soil temperatures compared to neighboring snow-cover plots, and that microbial biomass and soil respiration showed no signs of a snowmelt legacy effect during the growing season. Soil organic carbon in rapid and slow-turnover pools was affected more by plant community than by snowmelt timing, and the primary drivers of soil respiration during the snow-free period were first soil organic matter and second soil temperature. Taken together, this dissertation reports our findings that subalpine ecosystems are resilient to environmental change in part because organisms in these systems are adapted to environmental conditions that are highly variable between sites, seasons, and years.
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Beaty, Myron H. "Limnological investigations of a natural, subalpine lake in the early stages of eutrophication : Mountain Lake, Giles County, Virginia /." Diss., This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-163934/.

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Young, Laura May. "Seed dispersal mutualisms and plant regeneration in New Zealand alpine ecosystems." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6992.

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The New Zealand alpine zone has many fleshy-fruited plant species, but now has a relatively depauperate animal fauna. The key question is, therefore, are native alpine plants still being dispersed, if so where to and by what? I first measured fruit removal rates among nine common species using animal-exclusion cages to compare natural fruit removal by all animals, and by lizards only. Over two years, mean percent of fruit removed by early winter ranged from 25–60% among species. Speed of fruit removal also varied depending on species. Secondly, I quantified which animals disperse (or predate) seeds of those fruits, into which habitats they deposit the seeds, and the relative importance of each animal species for dispersal, in two ways. A 2-year study using fixed-area transects to monitor faecal deposition showed that introduced mammals (especially possums, rabbits, hares, sheep, pigs and hedgehogs) were abundant and widespread through alpine habitat. Of the 25,537 faeces collected, a sub-sample of 2,338 was dissected. Most mammals dispersed most (> 90%) seeds intact. However, possums (numerically the important disperser) moved most seeds into mountain beech (Nothofagus solandri) forest, while rabbits, hares, and sheep dispersed seeds mainly into open grassland dominated by thick swards of exotic grasses (e.g. Agrostis capillaris and Anthoxanthum odoratum); all are less suitable microsites. Kea (Nestor notabilis), the largest and most mobile of only three remaining native alpine bird species, are potentially useful as a long-distance seed disperser, even though parrots are typically seed predators. I found that kea are numerically more important than all other birds combined, damage very few seeds, and are probably responsible for most dispersal of seeds between mountain ranges. Finally, I investigated the effects of seed deposition microsite (shady/high-light), pulp-removal (whole/cleaned), competition (soil dug/not-dug) and predation (caged/ not) on germination, growth and survival of eight subalpine plant species. There were strong positive effects of shady microsites for seed germination and seedling survival to 3.5 years for six of the eight species. Effects of other treatments were less important and varied among species and stages. Hence, both native birds and introduced mammals are dispersing alpine seeds, but the mammals often deposit seeds in habitats unsuitable for establishment. Any evaluation of the dispersal effectiveness of frugivores must consider their contribution towards the long-term success for plant recruitment through dispersal quantity and quality.
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Winchell, Taylor S., David M. Barnard, Russell K. Monson, Sean P. Burns, and Noah P. Molotch. "Earlier snowmelt reduces atmospheric carbon uptake in midlatitude subalpine forests." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621684.

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Previous work demonstrates conflicting evidence regarding the influence of snowmelt timing on forest net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Based on 15years of eddy covariance measurements in Colorado, years with earlier snowmelt exhibited less net carbon uptake during the snow ablation period, which is a period of high potential for productivity. Earlier snowmelt aligned with colder periods of the seasonal air temperature cycle relative to later snowmelt. We found that the colder ablation-period air temperatures during these early snowmelt years lead to reduced rates of daily NEE. Hence, earlier snowmelt associated with climate warming, counterintuitively, leads to colder atmospheric temperatures during the snow ablation period and concomitantly reduced rates of net carbon uptake. Using a multilinear-regression (R-2=0.79, P<0.001) relating snow ablation period mean air temperature and peak snow water equivalent (SWE) to ablation-period NEE, we predict that earlier snowmelt and decreased SWE may cause a 45% reduction in midcentury ablation-period net carbon uptake.
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Osorio, Federico G. "Biogeoclimatic ecosystem classification of subalpine and alpine plant communities in the Cariboo Mountains." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46685.

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Terrestrial ecosystems in British Columbia are cataloged using the Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification (BEC). My research is a continuation of the BEC program, specifically aimed at classifying high-elevation ecosystems (alpine and subalpine) of the western Cariboo Mountains of British Columbia. I’ve included a literature review describing the factors that contribute to the formation of high-elevation plant communities. My results include: five new site series for the Interior Mountain Heather wet cold alpine subzone; b) seven new site series for the Engelmann Spruce Subalpine Fir wet cold parkland subzone; c) two plant orders (one not previously described); d) 5 alliances (2 not previously described), and 19 plant associations (17 not previously described). These results contribute to the description of Site Associations, Site Orders and Site Alliances for the provincial Alpine classification. To develop the classification, I explored the interaction of vegetation with topographic and edaphic variables, and followed phytosociology methods to develop the nomenclature for the plant communities
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CaraDonna, Paul James, and Paul James CaraDonna. "Temporal Ecology of a Subalpine Ecosystem: Plant Communities, Plant-Pollinator Interactions, and Climate Change." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/620860.

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Ecological systems are inherently dynamic, and a primary way in which they are dynamic is through time. Individual organisms, populations, communities, species interactions, and ecosystem functions all follow a temporal progression from the past, to the present, and into the future. This temporal progression can occur over the course of minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years, decades, or various other timescales. In this sense, temporal dynamics are an intrinsic property of all biological systems. In fact, one of the most prominent signals of recent global climate change is the significant change in the timing of biological events for a diversity of organisms. In light of this widespread pattern, there is a renewed interest in understanding the multifaceted importance of time in ecology. In this dissertation, I investigate the temporal ecology of a subalpine ecosystem, specifically focusing on flowering plant communities and plant-pollinator interactions. I examine the temporal dynamics of this system over multiple decades in response to ongoing climate change as well as over shorter time scales within a growing season. Using a 39-year record of flowering phenology, I show that species-specific shifts in the timing of flowering in response to climate change can substantially reshape a subalpine plant community over this time period. Community phylogenetic analyses reveal that these changes are largely independent of evolutionary history. Using a laboratory experiment, I show that the timing of an important harsh abiotic event-low temperatures that cause frost damage to plants-can differentially affect flowering plant species, with implications for plant demography, community structure, and interactions with pollinators. Finally, I show that plant-pollinator interactions exhibit substantial within-season temporal turnover, and that this temporal flexibility of plant-pollinator interactions from one week to the next is consistent and predictable across years. Taken together, this dissertation provides a multifaceted investigation of the temporal ecology of plant communities and plant-pollinator interactions, revealing the important consequences of ecological timing at short-term and longer-term scales.
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HUNTLY, NANCY JEAN. "THE INFLUENCE OF HERBIVORES ON PLANT COMMUNITIES: EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF A SUBALPINE MEADOW ECOSYSTEM (MICROTUS, THOMOMYS, OCHOTONA)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187931.

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The effects on vegetation of three small mammalian herbivores were determined experimentally in a subalpine meadow in southwestern Colorado. Pikas (Ochotona princeps) inhabit talus and forage on surrounding vegetation. Their foraging was consistent with predictions of central place foraging theory. Amount of foraging decreased with distance from talus, whereas selectivity increased. These patterns are expected to influence the resources used by pikas, and plant abundance and species richness increased with distance from talus, as predicted. Experimental exclusion of pikas demonstrated that a significant portion of the lower vegetational cover and species richness was due to pikas. A model postulating that the effects of pikas on vegetation resulted from a gradient in herbivory, and a corresponding gradient in the relative importance of herbivory and competition among plants, was generally supported. Total vegetational abundance and species richness increased in the absence of pikas. The increase in pika exclosures compared to controls was greatest near talus and decreased with distance. The initial effect of pika exclusion on cushion plants (assumed to be the poorest competitors among the plants in the absence of herbivory) was positive near talus, but was insignificant and tended to be negative at greater distance from talus. The prediction of eventual decline of cushion plant populations in the absence of pikas was supported in two of three sites after three years. The effects on vegetation of two co-occurring herbivores, pocket gophers (Thomomys talpoides) and voles (Microtus montanus), were evaluated using a factorial exclusion experiment. Non-independence of effects was assessed as presence of a significant interaction term in 2-way ANOVA. Gopher x vole interaction terms were at least marginally significant for many analyses. Results only weakly suggested direct foraging interactions between gophers and voles, but showed considerable importance of indirect, plant-plant interactions. Exclusion of either gophers or voles significantly increased vegetational abundance, however, no additional change in abundance resulted when both were excluded simultaneously. Exclusion of either increased forb abundance, and exclusion of gophers increased grass abundance. Only simultaneous exclusion of both, however, altered proportional abundances of plant groups.
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Achermann, Gérald. "The influence of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) upon a subalpine grassland ecosystem in the Swiss National Park /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13479.

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Books on the topic "Subalpine ecosystems"

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Baron, Jill, ed. Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2788-5.

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Jill, Baron, ed. Biogeochemistry of subalpine ecosystem: Loch Vale watershed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992.

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Jill, Baron, ed. Biogeochemistry of subalpine ecosystem: The Loch Vale Watershed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992.

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Brittain, John E., and Reidar Borgstrøm, eds. The subalpine lake ecosystem, Øvre Heimdalsvatn, and its catchment: local and global changes over the last 50 years. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9388-2.

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Brittain, John E. The subalpine lake ecosystem, Øvre Heimdalsvatn, and its catchment: Local and gobal changes over the last 50 years. Edited by Borgström Reidar. Dordrecht: Springer, 2010.

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Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem: Loch Vale Watershed. Springer, 2011.

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Baron, Jill, M. A. Arthur, A. S. Dennings, M. A. Harris, and M. A. Mast. Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem: Loch Vale Watershed. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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8

Baron, Jill, M. A. Arthur, A. S. Dennings, M. A. Harris, and M. A. Mast. Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem: Loch Vale Watershed. Springer, 2011.

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Baron, Jill. Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem: Loch Vale Watershed (Ecological Studies). Springer, 1991.

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Brittain, John E., and Reidar Borgstrøm. Subalpine Lake Ecosystem, Øvre Heimdalsvatn, and Its Catchment: Local and Global Changes over the Last 50 Years. Springer London, Limited, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Subalpine ecosystems"

1

Zerbe, Stefan. "Subalpine and Alpine Grassland." In Restoration of Ecosystems – Bridging Nature and Humans, 185–208. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65658-7_9.

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Kräuchi, N. "Climate Change — Possible Impacts on Subalpine Forest Ecosystems." In Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes, 837–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7_185.

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Efe, Recep, Süleyman Sönmez, İsa Cürebal, and Abdullah Soykan. "Ecological Conditions and Vegetation of Subalpine Zone of Kaz Mountain (Mount Ida, NW Turkey)." In Climate Change Impacts on High-Altitude Ecosystems, 591–608. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12859-7_23.

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Hikosaka, Kouki, Takehiro Sasaki, Chiho Kamiyama, Masatoshi Katabuchi, Shimpei Oikawa, Masaya Shimazaki, Hiroshi Kimura, and Tohru Nakashizuka. "Trait-Based Approaches for Understanding Species Niche, Coexistence, and Functional Diversity in Subalpine Moorlands." In Structure and Function of Mountain Ecosystems in Japan, 17–40. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55954-2_2.

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Efe, Recep, Süleyman Sönmez, Isa Curebal, and Abdullah Soykan. "Subalpine Ecosystem and Possible Impact of Climate Change on Vegetation of Kaz Mountain (Mount Ida—NW Turkey)." In Climate Change Impacts on High-Altitude Ecosystems, 645–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12859-7_27.

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Nakashizuka, Tohru, Masaya Shimazaki, Takehiro Sasaki, Takahisa Tanaka, Hiroko Kurokawa, and Kouki Hikosaka. "Influences of Climate Change on the Distribution and Population Dynamics of Subalpine Coniferous Forest in the Hakkoda Mountains, Northern Japan." In Structure and Function of Mountain Ecosystems in Japan, 1–15. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55954-2_1.

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Baron, Jill. "Introduction." In Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem, 1–11. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2788-5_1.

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Baron, Jill. "Biogeochemical Fluxes." In Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem, 218–31. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2788-5_10.

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Baron, Jill. "Management Implications." In Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem, 232–36. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2788-5_11.

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Baron, Jill, and M. Alisa Mast. "Regional Characterization and Setting for the Loch Vale Watershed Study." In Biogeochemistry of a Subalpine Ecosystem, 12–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2788-5_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Subalpine ecosystems"

1

Laffea, Lynette, John Militzer, Russ Monson, Richard Han, Ryan Manning, Ashly Glasser, Steve Oncley, Jielun Sun, Sean Burns, and Steve Semmer. "Comprehensive monitoring of CO2 sequestration in subalpine forest ecosystems and its relation to global warming." In the 4th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1182807.1182887.

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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Subalpine ecosystems' for particular source types:
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