Journal articles: 'Study of traffic flow'

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Yamuna, S. "Study of Traffic Flow Characteristics for Heterogeneous Traffic." IOSR Journal of Engineering 4, no. 5 (May 2014): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-04514151.

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Liu, Wen Bin, and Yue Qiang Yang. "The Study of Traffic Rules Based on Cellular Automata Traffic Wave Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 721 (December 2014): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.721.47.

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The traffic control problem is a hot issue in recent years. We investigate the effectiveness of three traffic rules in assuring safety and improve traffic flow. We utilize a cellular automata method of traffic flow to investigate and simulate the vehicle performance and use a linear weighting approach to weigh safety and traffic flow comprehensively. We establish overtaking models of a two-lane freeway on the basis of the stochastic traffic cellular automaton (STCA) model. Using the cellular automata method, we simulate the relationships between the traffic flows, the average vehicle velocity, and the vehicle density. We propose two new traffic rules, which in the premise of ensuring safety and improve traffic flow.

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Ballari, Syed Omar. "Area Occupancy Characteristics in Traffic Flow on Urban Highway: A Case Study." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 11, no. 10 (October 31, 2019): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v11i10/20193001.

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Huang, Hai Yun, and Jun Ping Zhang. "Study on Traffic Flow Model Considering the Interaction of Vehicles." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2113.

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In this paper, considering the influence of mixed traffic and overtaking on traffic flow, the formula of viscous resistance was put forth; a new Hydrodynamics model was established. Discrete analysis was carried out on the mechanical equation through the difference method, through which the change in the traffic flows parameters through time and space can be analyzed. Finally, the measured data simulation analysis results show that the new traffic flow model is of certain practical reference.

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Lakouari, N., O. Oubram, R. Marzoug, H. Ez-Zahraouy, J. G. Velásquez-Aguilar, and L. Cisneros-Villalobos. "Simulation study of traffic circle intersection with traffic lights." International Journal of Modern Physics C 29, no. 07 (July 2018): 1850062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183118500626.

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Using the Nagel-Schreckenberg model, we investigate the flow characteristics in a traffic circle system, where the entry lanes are controlled by traffic lights operating in a fixed-time ([Formula: see text]. We considered four different strategies to control traffic coming from [Formula: see text] entry lanes. We found that depending on the strategy used, four distinct traffic phases can appear in the circulating lane of the traffic circle, namely free flow, congestion, maximum current, and gridlock. Also, we investigate the origin of the gridlock phase in both cases (i.e. with/without traffic lights). Furthermore, the lengths of queues of stopped vehicles in the entry lanes were studied. We found that the traffic flow behavior on the exit/entry lanes depends strongly on the flow characteristics at the circulating lane as well as traffic lights strategy. To improve the operation of the traffic circle system, we have studied the time delay between the traffic lights to switch where all entry lanes go red, which allowing vehicles to clear the circulating lane.

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Zeng, Junwei, Senbin Yu, Yongsheng Qian, and Xiao Feng. "Expressway traffic flow model study based on different traffic rules." IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 5, no. 6 (November 2018): 1099–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jas.2017.7510469.

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Oleg Fyodorovich Danilov, Victor Ivanovich Kolesov, Denis Alexandrovich Sorokin, and Maxim Leonidovich Gulaev. "Study on the Vehicle Linear Dynamic Interval in a Traffic Flow." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 23, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): E11—E22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2021.1.e11-e22.

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The transportation industry of a modern city involves the effective systems for the road traffic management. To manage any object is impossible without understanding its specifics. The tasks of road traffic management are based on mathematical models of traffic flows. The “following the leader” model based on the linear dynamic interval of vehicles has become widely accepted in the model analysis. The paper discusses the mathematical model of the linear dynamic interval of vehicles; the model is identified structurally and parametrically. Coefficients of the model are analyzed in detail; a generalized assessment of the dynamic performance of the traffic flow, evolved in various road conditions, is given. The study has resulted in the proposed basic models for traffic flows that can be used for algorithmic support of the model analysis of traffic flows and the road traffic management.

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Ju, Yong Feng, and Xiao Wei Wei. "Study on Urban Intersection Traffic Flow Forecasting and Traffic Signal Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 135-136 (October 2011): 969–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.135-136.969.

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Short-traffic flow forecasting is an important part of ITS, and its accuracy and real-time is directly related to the effect of traffic control and traffic induce. Gathering and analyzing the real-time data of urban road network ,short-time traffic flow forecasting could estimate the state of traffic flow for a few minutes in future and provide support to intelligent transportation control, so it is one of the important premise for ITS.

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Pešić, Dalibor, Boris Antić, Emir Smailovic, and Bojana Todosijević. "The impact of the average traffic flow speed on occurrence risk of road crash." Put i saobraćaj 65, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31075/pis.65.02.05.

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Traffic flow characteristics have a significant impact on occurrence risk of road crash. The most important characteristics of the traffic flow, the impact of which is the subject of numerous studies, are the traffc flow, density, average traffic flow speed, dispersion of traffic flow speeds, as well as the contents of vehicle in traffic flow. These characteristics are in strong correlation between each other, so changes in one parameter conditional make change of other parameters. Research shows that speed-related traffic flow parameters have a significant impact on occurrence risk of road crash. Therefore, in this study an analysis of the impact of the change in the average speed of the traffic flow on the risk of an accident occurred. The research includes a section of the single carriageway from Preljina to Ljig. After the construction of the highway in the stated section of the signle carriageway, a change in the characteristics of the traffic flow occurred, with this study examining the impact of changing the average speed of the traffic flow to the occurrence risk of road crash. The connection between the speed of traffic flow and the risk of accidents has been confirmed in this study, so with the increase in average speed the risk of accidents increases.

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Ji, Shou Wen, Lin Shuai Wang, and Kai Ding. "Study on Freight Traffic Flow of Port." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1773.

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There are clear industrial characteristics of freight traffic flow in port. According to the round distribution method, the uneven distribution of time, functional orientation of road network and properties of mixed flow road are analyzed with the example of Lianyungang.

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Wang Jingbo, Yao Zheng, Yang Zhigang, and Wang Jingtao. "Study of Chaos Characteristics in Traffic Flow." Journal of Convergence Information Technology 8, no. 8 (April 30, 2013): 837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jcit.vol8.issue8.99.

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Qi, Yanmin, Zuduo Zheng, and Dongyao Jia. "Exploring the Spatial-Temporal Relationship between Rainfall and Traffic Flow: A Case Study of Brisbane, Australia." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 11, 2020): 5596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145596.

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The impact of inclement weather on traffic flow has been extensively studied in the literature. However, little research has unveiled how local weather conditions affect real-time traffic flows both spatially and temporally. By analysing the real-time traffic flow data of Traffic Signal Controllers (TSCs) and weather information in Brisbane, Australia, this paper aims to explore weather’s impact on traffic flow, more specifically, rainfall’s impact on traffic flow. A suite of analytic methods has been applied, including the space-time cube, time-series clustering, and regression models at three different levels (i.e., comprehensive, location-specific, and aggregate). Our results reveal that rainfall would induce a change of the traffic flow temporally (on weekdays, Saturday, and Sunday and at various periods on each day) and spatially (in the transportation network). Particularly, our results consistently show that the traffic flow would increase on wet days, especially on weekdays, and that the urban inner space, such as the central business district (CBD), is more likely to be impacted by inclement weather compared with other suburbs. Such results could be used by traffic operators to better manage traffic in response to rainfall. The findings could also help transport planners and policy analysts to identify the key transport corridors that are most susceptible to traffic shifts in different weather conditions and establish more weather-resilient transport infrastructures accordingly.

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Zhang, H. M., and W. L. Jin. "Kinematic Wave Traffic Flow Model for Mixed Traffic." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1802, no. 1 (January 2002): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1802-22.

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The Lighthill-Whitham-Richards kinematic wave traffic flow model was extended to describe traffic with different types of vehicles, in which all types of vehicles are completely mixed and travel at the same group velocity. A study of such a model with two vehicle classes (e.g., passenger cars and trucks) showed that when both classes of traffic have identical freeflow speeds, the model (a) satisfies the first-in-first-out rule, (b) is anisotropic, and (c) has the usual shock and expansion waves and a family of contact waves. Different compositions of vehicle classes in this model propagate along contact waves. Such models can be used to study traffic evolution on long crowded highways where low-performance vehicles entrap high-performance ones.

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Liu, Suping, Dongbo Zhang, and Jialin Li. "Study on Traffic Multi-Source Data Fusion." International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence 13, no. 2 (April 2019): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcini.2019040105.

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In order to alleviate urban traffic congestion, it is necessary to obtain roadway network traffic flow parameters to estimate the traffic conditions. Single-detector data may not be sufficient to obtain a comprehensive, effective, accurate and high-quality traffic flow data. Neural networks and regression analysis data fusion methods are employed to expand data sources as well as for improving data quality. The multi-source detector data can provide fundamental support for traffic management. An empirical analysis was conducted using acquisition technology employed by the Beijing urban expressway to estimate traffic flow parameters. The results show that the proposed data fusion method is feasible and provides reliable data sources.

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Zefreh, Mohammad Maghrour, and Ádám Török. "DISTRIBUTION OF TRAFFIC SPEED IN DIFFERENT TRAFFIC CONDITIONS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY IN BUDAPEST." Transport 35, no. 1 (March 18, 2020): 68–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.11725.

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Fundamental diagram, a graphical representation of the relationship among traffic flow, speed, and density, has been the foundation of traffic flow theory and transportation engineering for many years. Underlying a fundamental diagram is the relation between traffic speed and density, which serves as the basis to understand system dynamics. Empirical observations of the traffic speed versus traffic density show a wide-scattering of traffic speeds over a certain level of density, which would form a speed distribution over a certain level of density. The main aim of the current research is to study on the distribution of traffic speed in different traffic conditions in the urban roads since the distribution of traffic speed is necessary for many traffic engineering applications including generating traffic in micro-simulation systems. To do so, the traffic stream is videotaped at various locations in the city of Budapest (Hungary). The recorded videos were analysed by traffic engineering experts and different traffic conditions were extracted from these recorded videos based on the predefined scenarios. Then their relevant speeds in that time interval were estimated with the so-called “g-estimator method” using the outputs of the available loop detectors among the videotaped locations. Then different parametric candidate distributions have been fitted to the speeds by Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) method. Having fitted different parametric distributions to speed data, they were compared by three goodness-of-fit tests along with two penalized criteria (Akaike Information Criterion – AIC and Bayesian Information Criterion – BIC) in order to overcome the over-fitting problems. The results showed that the speed of traffic flow follows exponential, normal, lognormal, gamma, beta and chisquare distribution in the condition that traffic flow followed over-saturated congestion, under saturated flow, free flow, congestion, accelerated flow and decelerated flow respectively.

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Nowy, Agnieszka, Kinga Łazuga, Lucjan Gucma, Andrej Androjna, Marko Perkovič, and Jure Srše. "Modeling of Vessel Traffic Flow for Waterway Design–Port of Świnoujście Case Study." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 1, 2021): 8126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178126.

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The paper presents an analysis of ship traffic using the port of Świnoujście and the problems associated with modelling vessel traffic flows. Navigation patterns were studied using the Automatic Identification System (AIS); an analysis of vessel traffic was performed with statistical methods using historical data; and the paper presents probabilistic models of the spatial distribution of vessel traffic and its parameters. The factors that influence the spatial distribution were considered to be the types of vessels, dimensions, and distances to hazards. The results show a correlation between the standard deviation of the traffic flow, the vessel sizes, and the distance to the hazard. These can be used in practice to determine the safety of navigation and the design of non-existing waterways and to create a general model of vessel traffic flow. The creation of the practical applications is intended to improve navigation efficiency, safety, and risk analysis in any particular area.

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Tsunashima, Hitoshi, Yasukazu Nishi, Takashi Honjyo, Hiroyuki Kaku, and Takuji Sakai. "Traffic Flow Simulator by Multiagent." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 13, no. 4 (August 20, 2001): 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2001.p0419.

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Several methods have been proposed for investigating complex traffic flows. However, the dynamics of vehicles and their drivers' characteristics, which are important factors for any traffic flow analysis, have not been considered sufficiently enough in the past. This paper describes a new concept for simulating complex traffic flows by multiple agents. The agents are considered as a kind of artificial life (A-Life), and their behaviors are independently based on their own knowledge. Drivers, vehicles, roads, and the traffic environment, which are essential elements in our simulation, are defined as the agents. The combination of the driver agent and the vehicle agent work based on the drivers' fields of vision and their unique individual characteristics. The road agent communicates with the vehicle agent in regard to its velocity and position. The effectiveness of our new method for modeling a traffic flow is shown by a simulation study.

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Xia, Xiao Dong, and Lin Ling Xu. "Study on the Traffic Capacity of Expressway Based on Cellular Automata Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.172.

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Based on the Nagel-Schrekenberg cellular automaton model of traffic flow, this article analyzed the influence that driving on the right side takes to the traffic flow in the condition of light and heavy traffic. With the combination of fluid dynamics and vehicle dynamics, we established the Cellular Automata model for mixed speed two-lane traffic flow on the rule driving on the right side. Then we used the AHP method to find out the large bus share rate, the number of vehicles changing lanes and the influence law of safety factors on traffic flow. We came to a conclusion that the relationship between traffic flow and load are inverted U shape changes in the low load and high load conditions, the accident rate is the maximum when the V/C (the ratio of traffic flow and the ability of corresponding section) is the minimum; with the increase of V/C, the accident rate decreased gradually.

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Şahin, Ismail, and Ibrahim Altun. "Empirical Study of Behavioral Theory of Traffic Flow." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2088, no. 1 (January 2008): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2088-12.

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Mikolaj, Jan, and Lubos Remek. "Traffic Flow Modeling Based on the ISOHDM Study." Procedia Engineering 111 (2015): 522–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.126.

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Bando, Masako, Katsuya Hasebe, Ken Nakanishi, Akihiro Nakayama, Akihiro Shibata, and Y?ki Sugiyama. "Phenomenological Study of Dynamical Model of Traffic Flow." Journal de Physique I 5, no. 11 (November 1995): 1389–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp1:1995206.

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Yun-xiang, Han, Zhang Jian-wei, and Huang Xiao-qiong. "Study of the optimization model for traffic flow." Computers & Industrial Engineering 136 (October 2019): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2019.07.009.

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Liang, Yongkai, Jingyuan Li, and Hai Liu. "GIS-based analysis of urban traffic model: Case study in Beijing." E3S Web of Conferences 268 (2021): 01056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126801056.

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Taking the traffic flow characteristics of Beijing's entire road network as the object, and using the low-frequency traffic big data of GIS (Geographic Information System), the roads of the whole road network are divided into four road grades, and the traffic flow-speed models are constructed respectively. In view of the deviation of the model calculation caused by the sudden rise and fall of the traveling vehicle at night, the flow of the traffic flow model is corrected by cubic polynomial fitting, and the mathematical model is compared, calibrated and verified. Focus on analyzing the influence of roads of different grades and seasons on the characteristics of road traffic flow, and provide data support for further research on intelligent transportation.

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Mahapatra, Geetimukta, Akhilesh Kumar Maurya, and Partha Chakroborty. "Parametric study of microscopic two-dimensional traffic flow models: A literature review." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 11 (November 2018): 909–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0686.

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Indian traffic is highly heterogeneous consisting of all-inclusive vehicle characteristics, occupying any lateral position over the entire road width which results in vehicles continuous interaction with the neighbouring vehicles (in both longitudinal and lateral directions), indicating two-dimensional (2D) traffic manoeuvre, opposite to the traditional one-dimensional (1D) interaction of vehicles in lane based traffic. Certain modifications were made in the existing 1D models to describe the overtaking and lane changing manoeuvre of the mixed traffic stream. However, the continuous lateral manoeuvre of the no-lane based mixed traffic cannot be described by these parameters. This paper initially provides a brief review of different 2D behavioural models, which describe the longitudinal and lateral movements simultaneously. Also, the various existing commercially available traffic micro-simulation frameworks developed for representing the real traffic are reviewed. Different microscopic traffic parameters used in the existing simulation models to mimic the real-world traffic are identified, which can be used to understand the 2D traffic stream.

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Lu, Jian, Jin Gang Gu, Qiang Fu, and Ya Li. "Study on Cooperative Control Method among Large Flow and Long-Distance Intersections." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 2006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.2006.

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Large flow and long distance intersections are very difficult to bring out coordination control and very easy to emerge traffic problems such as traffic congestion due to the large flow and long distance and traffic discrete. It’s necessary to analysis the traffic flow characteristics among large flow and long distance intersections and take measure to improve the signal control. This paper analyzed the traffic flow characteristics of the large flow and long distance intersections, such as the speed would be faster than the normal road between near distance intersection, the headway between cars would be increased, and long traffic queue would be easily occurred at the downstream intersection. In order to realize the coordination control between far intersections, measures for example puts forward signal light at an appropriate position between the intersections, set up fences between vehicles and bicycles, and intersection channelized were put forward to rebuild the traffic flow to adjust the signal control. Those measures were applied to the intersections in Danyang which located in Jiangsu province, the results shows that the queue length was reduced by 67.4% at downstream intersection, the average delay was reduced by 60.3%, the traffic flow saturation was reduced to0.67, and the travel speed and travel time would all become better than before. It suggested that those methods could realize the coordination control and its effect was good, and have good feasibility and practicability.

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Zhang, Hui, Hong Yong Zhang, and Man Xia Liu. "A Study of the Traffic Flow Predictive Model Based on Mathematical Statistics and Stochastic Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 548-549 (April 2014): 1862–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.548-549.1862.

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Real-time traffic flow prediction is one of important issues of intelligent transportation system. Based on the theory of stochastic process of the traffic flow data, the prediction methods, such as grey expecting model and neural network, were applied in this paper. Then according to the actual traffic flow data, an improved model was proposed and the fluctuation range of predicted traffic flow was determined due to calculate an accurate result. Finally, the experiment shows that the designed prediction model can be able to achieve a short time prediction accurately for traffic flow.

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Qu, ZhaoWei, Yan Xing, XianMin Song, YuZhou Duan, and Fulu Wei. "A Study on the Coordination of Urban Traffic Control and Traffic Assignment." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/367468.

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The interactions between signal setting and traffic assignment can directly affect the urban road network efficiency. In order to improve the coordination of signal setting with traffic assignment, this paper created a traffic control algorithm considering traffic assignment; meanwhile, the link impedance function and the route choice function were introduced into this paper to study the user's route choice and the road network flow distribution. Then based on the above research, we created a system utility value model. Finally through the VISSIM software to simulate the test network, we verified the superiority of the coordination algorithm and the model and gave the optimal flow of the road network.

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Kaleniuk, Maksym, Oleg Furman, and Taras Postranskyy. "Influence of traffic flow intensity on environmental noise pollution." Transport technologies 2021, no. 1 (June 18, 2021): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/tt2021.01.039.

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The modern urban environment, with the development of industry, the growth of the vehicle's number on the roads, and the increase in the density of buildings, is increasingly capable of negatively affect the health and well-being of the city's population. Among the factors influencing the environment is noise pollution, namely man-made noise - unwanted and harmful sounds created as a result of human activities. Today, noise is one of the most common factors of pollution among all others. The most common source of noise pollution is transport, including cars and trucks, buses, railways, airplanes, etc. The negative phenomenon of traffic noise is that almost everyone is greatly affected. This can often be accompanied by other harmful factors, such as vibration. According to scientific researches, noise can cause irritation under constant acoustic exposure. As a result, there are sleep disorders, decreased mental capacity, and the development of stress, and stress development in humans. Traffic noise is created from the operation of engines, the friction of wheels with the road surface, brakes, and aerodynamic features of vehicles, etc. In general, the level of traffic noise depends on such basic indicators as the intensity, speed, and composition of the traffic flow. Therefore, an important task is the study of traffic noise, its measurement, the establishment of appropriate dependencies, and further evaluation of the results. Knowing the level of noise generated by vehicles, further measures to reduce it are possible, such as redistribution of traffic flows on the road network, speed limits, improving the quality of the road surface, the use of basic means of reducing noise pollution, the use of noise protection devices, etc. Based on this, the negative impact of this phenomenon on the human body and the environment, in general, can be reduced.

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Donţu, Andrei Ionuţ, Tudor-Marian Ulian, and Edward Rakosi. "Influence of a Real Estate Construction Area with Mixed Functions - Traffic Study." Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section 67, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0007.

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Abstract Traffic studies are important because these provide significant information about traffic flows and traffic mobility in the area of study. Also, these studies can help to fluidize the traffic considering the actual number of cars and of the future cars which is estimated to increase due to considering traffic signals, roundabout or other traffic solutions. Traffic impact studies are important because the governmental agencies require them when a new building is developed as this can generate the increase of car traffic or can change the existing traffic paths. In this paper it will see how a new real estate construction area with mixed functions in the Miroslava village influence the traffic flow. This new building will lead to an increased the number of vehicles in the area and will change the existing traffic patterns, so it is required a traffic study.

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MOUSSA, NAJEM. "SIMULATION STUDY OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN BIDIRECTIONAL TRAFFIC MODELS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 21, no. 12 (December 2010): 1501–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183110016007.

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Conditions for the occurrence of bidirectional collisions are developed based on the Simon–Gutowitz bidirectional traffic model. Three types of dangerous situations can occur in this model. We analyze those corresponding to head-on collision; rear-end collision and lane-changing collision. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we compute the probability of the occurrence of these collisions for different values of the oncoming cars' density. It is found that the risk of collisions is important when the density of cars in one lane is small and that of the other lane is high enough. The influence of different proportions of heavy vehicles is also studied. We found that heavy vehicles cause an important reduction of traffic flow on the home lane and provoke an increase of the risk of car accidents.

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Md Diah, Jezan, Li Sian Tey, and Fathiyah Roslee. "An Overview of Lane Changing Model at Signalised Intersection." Social and Management Research Journal 13, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/smrj.v13i2.5266.

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In recent years, lane changing has become a crucial issue in traffic engineering and safety aspect due to distribution of vehicles across lanes thus contributing to traffic movements. In order to keep the right route, drivers have to change their lanes. However, lane changing has a high potential of accidents, especially at signalised intersection. This may cause the traffic flow to become heavier and traffic congestion. The aims of this study are to study on lane changing issue at signalised intersection, to determine the factors contributing to lane changing at signalised intersection and to develop a model for improvement of traffic flow in lane changing behaviour at signalised intersection. Lane changing model is important because it will reduce traffic congestion and smoothen the traffic. This study will contribute in studying the changing lane issue at signalised intersection which is to control the flow of traffic in order to ensure the traffic flows smoothly and to reduce traffic congestion especially on the merging issue at signalised intersection. Keywords: lane changing, signalised intersection, model, traffic flow

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Golovnin, O. K., S. A. Prokhorov, and A. A. Stolbova. "STUDY OF FUNDAMENTAL MACROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAFFIC FLOWS BY WAVELET ANALYSIS OF AUDIO SIGNALS." Journal of Dynamics and Vibroacoustics 6, no. 4 (May 16, 2021): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2409-4579-2020-6-4-35-39.

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The paper proposes an approach to the study of the traffic flow characteristics by wavelet analysis of audio signals, which makes it possible to build fundamental macroscopic models of traffic flows with the possibility of dividing by types of vehicles.

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Saraswati, SV. "An Evidence-based Study on Traffic Flow in Operation Theater." International Journal of Research Foundation of Hospital and Healthcare Administration 4, no. 2 (2016): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10035-1063.

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ABSTRACT Introduction An unusual amount of brisk and continuous traffic of people as well as goods crisscrossing every zone of the theater was noticed at an operation theater (OT) of a cardiothoracic center. Many storage areas were filled with cartons of various sizes which are good media for fungi and bacteria. Interactions with the theater staff and a study of the stores revealed that the traffic of people and goods was interconnected, and improper stores management was the root cause of the increased traffic. The focus of this study was to identify possible reasons for unusual traffic in the OT and to arrive at solutions in an objective manner for optimizing it. Aim The aim was to assess the traffic flow in an OT with the purpose to devise and implement measures for optimal and even flow of traffic during surgery and to create an additional operating room (OR) and instrument room and to improve the overall indoor air quality (IAQ). Materials and methods Scholarly articles regarding ventilation, traffic flow, and inventory management were reviewed along with information available onsite. The method of descriptive study was adopted. Data were collected after analyzing the traffic flow charts, prestudy questionnaire, nonstructured interview results, and nonparticipant observation study. Tools for the study included: (1) Anecdotal evidence, (2) checklists, and (3) rating scales of three different groups. Compliance levels of five different categories of people in the OT were assessed. Air efficiency microbial culture studies and wound swab cultures were carried out during and postimplementation. Results The process also resulted in generation of optimal traffic of staff and goods inside the ORs and decreased air turbulence, collateral benefits, such as (1) creating space for an additional OR, (2) creating a sterile area for storage of instrument packs, (3) optimal space management by segregation of bulk stores, (4) organized inventory control and indenting, and (5) good ventilation in ORs. Changes made in administration and training program increased awareness and compliance levels among staff. No surgical site infection was reported during poststudy observation period. Conclusion The study has resulted in improvisations originally conceived, planned, and implemented by the author at the work station. This study facilitated optimizing traffic of people and goods in OT and stores and in improving IAQ. Excellent cooperation among staff, clean and pleasant ambience, peaceful work situation, laid out standard operating procedures, segregated stores, and well-designed work hours boosted the morale of the entire staff. Clinical significance One of the main sources of airborne contamination in ORs is dead skin cells called “squames,” each around 15 μm or less in diameter shed by staff and patients. A proportion of these may carry harmful bacteria. The rate of shedding increases with movement. This study focused on optimizing traffic of people and goods in the OT and thereby resulted in improving overall IAQ. How to cite this article Saraswati SV. An Evidence-based Study on Traffic Flow in Operation Theater. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2016;4(2):70-78.

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Wang, Yao, and Chang Qiao Shao. "Study on Performance Measurement of Beijing Urban Expressway Based on Microwave Data." Applied Mechanics and Materials 505-506 (January 2014): 1014–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.1014.

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The research provides an occupancy-based performance measurement for Beijing urban expressway traffic that would be beneficial for further improvement of traffic control. An analysis of the field traffic data shows that the phenomenon of speed transition happens frequently once occupancy reaches to the critical occupancy (30%). Analyzed with speed transition probability and state stability at different occupancy and speed, four traffic states could be defined as stable high-speed flow, unstable high-speed flow, unstable low-speed flow and stable low-speed flow. The performance of each traffic state is measured by transportation efficiency. The result shows that once occupancy changes from 30% to 31%, transportation efficiency drop 27.8%, representing an extra 1/4 time cost for all vehicles on road. Therefore lane occupancy should be controlled under 30% to avoid a deteriorating traffic conditions.

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Wang, Fu, Jie Li, and Wen Bin Zhao. "Study on Traffic Guidance Model on Emergency Based on Road Net Frangibility." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 898–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.898.

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On emergency, traffic guidance can evacuate traffic flow quickly. But, traffic guidance model on normality is not suit to emergency, it need be improved. According to road net characteristic on emergency, this paper brings road net frangibility forward, and inducts it to traffic guidance model, traffic guidance model on emergency based on road net frangibility is founded, and this model is demarcated by real data. At last, traffic guidance model on normality and emergency are applied, the result indicates: traffic flow is more uniform by improved model, improved model is fit for traffic guidance on emergency.

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Boyarshinov, M. G., A. S. Vavilin, and A. G. Shumkov. "FOURIER ANALYSIS OF THE TRAFFIC FLOW INTENSITY." Intelligence. Innovations. Investment, no. 4 (2021): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2021-4-46.

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The relevance of this work is determined by the need to find modern ways to process the information about traffic flows for regulating and controlling the movement of transport and pedestrians, to reduce congestion, road accidents, etc. The object of study is a part of road with heavy two-way traffic, equipped with a software and hardware complex that allows to measure the characteristics of the transport flow. The subject of the study is the daily intensity of the cars flow during the week, from Monday to Sunday. The purpose of this study is to analyze the amplitudes, frequencies, and periods of harmonic functions obtained by decomposing the time series of road traffic intensities to identify the main patterns of traffic flow formation. As a theoretical and methodological approach, the decomposition of the function of the traffic flow intensity in the Fourier series with respect to harmonic functions is used. The approach developed by the authors using the fast Fourier transform procedure made it possible to determine the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the time series under consideration, which is a scientific novelty of the analysis. It is proposed to use the «period-amplitude» characteristics as physically more meaningful instead of the «frequency-amplitude» dependencies traditionally used for the analysis. The processing of data obtained from software and hardware complexes allowed us to determine dependences of the car flow intensity on the road of the Perm city at different averaging intervals, to describe the features of the motor transport movement on the road under consideration. As a result of the study, the amplitude-frequency characteristics of time series are obtained. It is shown that the individual harmonics of the Fourier series expansion of the traffic flow intensity, which exhibits the properties of a random function, duplicate the periodicity of the global, local, and intermediate extremes of the original function and have similar periods. The practical significance consists in the use of the decomposition of the function of the traffic flow intensity in the Fourier series of harmonic functions for predicting traffic flows, controlling the operation of traffic lights, monitoring the operation of equipment, as well as in the reconstruction, design and construction of roads and road objects. The study will continue in the direction of obtaining, processing and determining the «period-amplitude» characteristics for time series of traffic flow intensity for other road networks.

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Cao, Wen Bin. "A Study of the Keep-Right-Except-to-Pass Traffic Rule on Cellular Automata." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 2470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.2470.

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Traffic rule is set to enable the safety and efficiency of the traffic. This paper takes the keep-right-except-to-pass rule as the research object. A three-lane cellular automaton model is proposed to simulate traffic flow. Through computer simulating, we analyze the relationships among traffic flow, overtaking ratio, average speed and density. The result shows that the rule although can increase the traffic flow and the average speed, the effect is not very evident, while this rule instead can increase driving safety in a large scale.

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Liu, Wei, Xia Chen, and Ayong Hu. "Study on Traffic Flow Parameters Model of Expressway Interchanges Opening Distance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 2623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.2623.

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The operational safety and service quality of urban expressway are greatly affected by the distance of interchange opening. This paper definited the distance of 4 kinds of opening combination modes, showed the calculation models, and established a piecewise function model of opening distance, traffic volume and speed. It also proposed that, meeting the requirements of minimum distance, the opening distance should be determined with the consideration of actual road traffic conditions, by analyzing the relationship between the opening distance, traffic volume and speed. The results can be the references for the traffic management and the planning and designing of urban expressway interchange.

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Guo, L. M., H. B. Zhu, and N. X. Zhang. "Numerical study of traffic flow considering the probability density distribution of the traffic density." International Journal of Modern Physics C 28, no. 02 (February 2017): 1750026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183117500267.

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The probability density distribution of the traffic density is analyzed based on the empirical data. It is found that the beta distribution can fit the result obtained from the measured traffic density perfectly. Then a modified traffic model is proposed to simulate the microscopic traffic flow, in which the probability density distribution of the traffic density is taken into account. The model also contains the behavior of drivers’ speed adaptation by taking into account the driving behavior difference and the dynamic headway. Accompanied by presenting the flux-density diagrams, the velocity evolution diagrams and the spatial-temporal profiles of vehicles are also given. The synchronized flow phase and the wide moving jam phase are indicated, which is the challenge for the cellular automata traffic model. Furthermore the phenomenon of the high speed car-following is exhibited, which has been observed in the measured data previously. The results set demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in detecting the complicated dynamic phenomena of the traffic flow.

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P, Nwaerema, Fred-Nwagwu WF, and Dangana K. "Spatio-temporal variability of vehicular traffic, noise and temperature of Minna City, Niger State, Nigeria." MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences 7, no. 1 (February 10, 2022): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojes.2022.07.00240.

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This study investigated spatio-temporal variability of vehicular traffic noise and temperature of Minna city, Niger State. The study used the 15 minutes Septa-Square technique to count the number of vehicles across the purposively selected junctions and round-abouts. The Noise Meter Level (Dosemeter) was used to generate the vehicular traffic noise at the selected junctions and roundabouts. The thermometer was used to capture the hotness of the selected roundabouts and junctions. The result of the study showed that Tunga Roundabout had 7032 vehicular counts, which was the highest vehicular traffic flow in the city. Barago Roundabout had 93.4dB recorded as the highest noise level and Tunga Roundabout recorded 360C as the highest temperature reading. The afternoon and evening had the highest records of vehicular traffic flow, increased traffic noise level and the temperature readings. The study recommended the construction of flyover to reduce traffic flow especially at Tunga and City Gate roundabouts. It recommended the construction of link roads to divert traffics to other parts of the city, plant trees at the roundabouts and junctions in order to cushion the effects of high temperature without further delay.

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Khallouk, A., N. Lakouari, H. Echab, and H. Ez-Zahraouy. "Traffic flow behavior at a single lane traffic circle." International Journal of Modern Physics C 28, no. 07 (July 2017): 1750093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183117500930.

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In this paper, we propose a stochastic cellular automata (CA) model to study traffic dynamic at a single-lane traffic circle of [Formula: see text] entry/exit points. The boundaries are controlled by the injecting rates [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and the extracting rate [Formula: see text]. Both the cases with and without the splitter islands of width [Formula: see text] are considered. The phase diagrams in the space [Formula: see text] are constructed and the density profiles are also investigated. The variation of the phase diagram with the traffic circle size [Formula: see text], the number of entry point [Formula: see text], and the time needed for drivers to change their exit willingly [Formula: see text] is studied. The results show that the phase diagram in both cases consists essentially of three phases namely free flow, congestion and gridlock. However, the large sized traffic circle shows better performance in the free flow phase, in contrary, the increase of [Formula: see text] enlarges the congestion and the gridlock phases. We have also found that the decrease of [Formula: see text] enhances the traffic flow situation in the traffic circle. Furthermore, as the [Formula: see text] increases, the free flow phase enlarges while the congestion and gridlock ones shrink.

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Zhang, Lele, Callum Stuart, Samithree Rajapaksha, Gentry White, and Timothy Garoni. "Study of Cross-Correlations in Traffic Networks with Applications to Perimeter Control." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2623, no. 1 (January 2017): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2623-12.

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A cross-correlation is proposed between network-aggregated density and flow as a natural indicator of traffic phases for two-dimensional road networks. An online estimator of the cross-correlation was studied with the use of empirical data. The result suggests that the measure can be used to identify traffic phases. To understand better the behavior of the true statistical cross-correlation, generic networks were simulated. With homogeneously distributed densities, the simulations suggested that the cross-correlation monotonically decreases with the growth of the mean density and vanishes when the network is at capacity. As a consequence, for such networks, the phase can be identified from a single point on the curve of the cross-correlation versus mean density. A case study of cross-correlation–based perimeter-control strategies was performed, with gate traffic flowing into the network when the cross-correlation was below a (negative) threshold to improve network flows. The simulation results suggest that even with anisotropic traffic demand, the cross-correlation–based control strategy can improve network performance, specifically traffic flow and density heterogeneity.

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Kalinin, Ivan Nikolayevich, and Kostantin Konstantinovich Glukharev. "Interchange integral characteristics study via microscopic traffic flow models." Computer Research and Modeling 6, no. 4 (August 2014): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20537/2076-7633-2014-6-4-523-534.

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Xue Yu and Liang Yu-Juan. "Study on traffic flow affected by the road turning." Acta Physica Sinica 59, no. 8 (2010): 5325. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.59.5325.

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Yuan-qing, Wang, and Luo Jing. "Study of Rainfall Impacts on Freeway Traffic Flow Characteristics." Transportation Research Procedia 25 (2017): 1533–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.180.

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Lee, H. Y., H. W. Lee, and D. Kim. "Phase diagram of congested traffic flow: An empirical study." Physical Review E 62, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 4737–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.62.4737.

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Zhang, Hong, Juan Wei, Xiaoling Gao, and Jun Hu. "The study of traffic flow model based on cellular automata and Naive Bayes." International Journal of Modern Physics C 30, no. 05 (May 2019): 1950034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183119500347.

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A new traffic flow model is proposed based on cellular automata and Naive Bayes theory to effectively describe the traffic flow velocity and flow state of the road. On the basis of NaSch model, the safety distance is fully considered in this model, and random deceleration and inflow rules of a vehicle are introduced. At the same time, vehicle acceleration, deceleration and lane change are optimized with Naive Bayes theory. Finally, experimental platform is used for numerical analysis, and the relationship between such parameters as average velocity of traffic flow, maximum velocity of traffic flow, number of inflow vehicles and random deceleration probability, etc. is studied in depth. The results show that the maximum velocity has a great effect on the traffic flow state, and when the vehicle inflow probability is lower, random deceleration probability has less effect on the average velocity and the number of vehicles waiting for inflow; on the contrary, the higher the random deceleration probability is, the more obvious the tendency of road congestion.

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Wang, Xu, and Lei Niu. "Integrated variable speed limit and ramp metering control study on flow interaction between mainline and ramps." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 3 (March 2019): 168781401983191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814019831913.

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During peak periods, bottlenecks are often triggered by excessive demand from both on-ramp and mainline input flows. To relieve bottleneck severity and improve traffic safety, ramp metering and variable speed limit are implemented to control the on-ramp and mainline input flows, and sometimes they are integrated. This article presents a proactive integrated control, with goals to save network-wide travel time and increase traffic flow. A METANET-based macroscopic traffic model was adopted as a prediction model. Micro-simulation tests were performed to evaluate and compare the control approaches among integrated and isolated control scenarios. By decoupling the traffic prediction and simulation models, the control error sources were analyzed. The evaluation revealed that both isolated and integrated controls benefit the traffic network to different extents under varying demand scenarios. Under proactive integrated control, ramp metering is activated solely during slight congestion; or it is activated during high-congestion periods to assist variable speed limit and thus integration maximizes the infrastructure utility.

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WANG, LANJUN, HAO ZHANG, HUADONG MENG, and XIQIN WANG. "THE INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL DRIVER CHARACTERISTICS ON CONGESTION FORMATION." International Journal of Modern Physics C 22, no. 03 (March 2011): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183111016233.

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Previous works have pointed out that one of the reasons for the formation of traffic congestion is instability in traffic flow. In this study, we investigate theoretically how the characteristics of individual drivers influence the instability of traffic flow. The discussions are based on the optimal velocity model, which has three parameters related to individual driver characteristics. We specify the mappings between the model parameters and driver characteristics in this study. With linear stability analysis, we obtain a condition for when instability occurs and a constraint about how the model parameters influence the unstable traffic flow. Meanwhile, we also determine how the region of unstable flow densities depends on these parameters. Additionally, the Langevin approach theoretically validates that under the constraint, the macroscopic characteristics of the unstable traffic flow becomes a mixture of free flows and congestions. All of these results imply that both overly aggressive and overly conservative drivers are capable of triggering traffic congestion.

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Koltovska Nečoska, Daniela, Edouard Ivanjko, and Daniel Pavleski. "Creating Infrastructure for Urban Mobility: Case Study of Skopje." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 30, no. 4 (September 5, 2018): 429–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v30i4.2675.

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In this paper, a methodology for creating and testing new proposed transport infrastructure is presented. It is based on microscopic traffic simulation of current and forecasted traffic demand and in-depth analysis of traffic flow. The most congested boulevard in Skopje has been chosen as a use case. Real-world traffic flow data was collected and used in the calibration and validation of a microscopic simulation model. Three possible configurations of new urban mobility infrastructure have been proposed and best one chosen using appropriately defined criteria. The proposed configurations were evaluated from the aspect of traffic performances, suitability for forecasted future traffic demand, and vehicle emissions. The obtained results prove the effectiveness of the presented methodology in reducing delays and vehicle emissions and significantly improving the level of service of the chosen use case.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Study of traffic flow'

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