Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Studio randomizzato'
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Maroni, Lorenzo <1988>. "Perfusione ipotermica ossigenata nel trapianto di fegato da donatore a criteri estesi – studio randomizzato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10078/1/tesi%20dottorato%20dott.%20Maroni%20Lorenzo.pdf.
Full textLiver grafts from extended criteria brain death donors are associated with higher dysfunction rates after transplantation. HOPE of the liver can reduce the incidence of graft dysfunction and failure in ECD grafts, although data from prospective studies are very limited. In this monocentric, open-label, randomized study, patients undergoing transplantation from an ECD liver graft were randomized to receive a liver after HOPE or after static cold storage alone (SCS group). The primary endpoint was the incidence of early graft dysfunction. The secondary endpoints included graft and patient survival and the rate of graft or other graft-related complications. Patients in the HOPE group had a significantly lower rate of early graft dysfunction. The survival analysis confirmed that patients in the HOPE group were associated with higher graft survival, with lower re-admission and overall complication rates, in particular cardio-vascular adverse events.
de, Barbieri Ilaria. "Relationship-based-care model in pediatria: studio randomizzato controllato per implementare la qualità delle cure." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424730.
Full textBackground Ristabilire l’approccio al paziente e alla sua famiglia fondato sulla loro centralità è una delle basi del modello assistenziale infermieristico “Relationship Based Care” (RBC) che nasce dall’esigenza di instaurare una relazione con il paziente, capire i suoi bisogni e le sue aspettative in modo da attuare una assistenza avanzata personalizzata (Koloroutis, 2004; Hebda & Patton, 2012; Hedges, Nichols, & Filoteo, 2012). L’applicazione di questo modello ha portato notevoli risultati in termini di miglioramento della qualità dell’assistenza, della salute e, di conseguenza, anche una riduzione dei costi sanitari (Hedges et al., 2012). Una relazione e una comunicazione efficaci migliorano non solo la qualità percepita dell’assistenza, ma contribuiscono a creare un ambiente più sicuro per i pazienti (Burt, Berry, & Quackenbush, 2015). In Italia questo modello assistenziale non è mai stato sperimentato in nessun ambito. La ricerca si pone l’obiettivo di valutare se l’applicazione del modello assistenziale RBC in ambito pediatrico riduce il livello d’ansia del caregiver, aumenta il livello della qualità di cure percepita dal caregiver, aumenta la soddisfazione lavorativa del personale infermieristico. Materiali & Metodi Study design: Studio randomizzato controllato. Partecipanti: i caregiver dei pazienti che ricoverati nelle Unità Operative (UUOO) di Pediatria 2° e 3°, Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, che abbiano la conoscenza della lingua italiana parlata e scritta e che siano disponibili alla partecipazione allo studio. Lo studio includerà anche tutti gli infermieri delle UUOO che applicheranno il trattamento. Matodi: In ogni stanza saranno ricoverati pazienti appartenenti allo stesso gruppo (sperimentale o di controllo). Quindi saranno randomizzate le stanze (che avranno lo stesso numero di letti). Al fine di poter assicurare il bilanciamento, verrà utilizzato la randomizzazione per blocchi permutati. Al gruppo sperimentale verrà applicato il trattamento sperimentale, al gruppo di controllo verrà erogata l’assistenza standard. Trattamento: Durante il ricovero del paziente, allocato al trattamento, ogni infermiere applicherà il trattamento definito “Take 5 minutes” (T5M), che consiste nel dedicare del tempo a migliorare la relazione con il caregiver, allo scopo di rendere la relazione assistenziale più efficace, utilizzando delle strategie di comunicazione. Outcomes: Outcome primario: “The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale” (HADS) (Costantini, Musso, Viterbori et al., 1999) per i caregiver che ricevono il T5M. Outcomes secondari: “Caring Behaviors Inventory” (CBI) (Tomietto, Papastavrou, Efstathiou, Palese, 2014), per i caregiver che ricevono il T5M. Il questionario “Soddisfazione del lavoro” (Cortese, 2007), somministrata agli infermieri all’inizio e alla fine dello studio. Analisi statistica: test di Mann- Whitney per due campioni non appaiati, il modello ANOVA a due vie con interazione, r di Pearson. Il livello di significatività alfa è fissato a 0.05 e tutti i test sono a due code. Aspetti etici: La ricerca ha ottenuto il parere favorevole del Comitato Etico per la Sperimentazione Clinica (prot. N 3567/AO/15) dell’Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova. Risultati Nel gruppo sperimentale i dati mostrano un livello diminuito di ansia e depressione (p 0.001) ed emerge che l’effetto del trattamento sperimentale T5M era proporzionale al livello di ansia e depressione del caregiver. La qualità dell’assistenza infermieristica è stata percepita migliore nel gruppo sperimentale, in particolare per gli item “Presenza”, “Rispetto” e “Attenzione”. L’item “Competenze” è stato invece percepito allo stesso livello nel gruppo baseline, sperimentale e di controllo, evidenziando come la competenza professionale è stata percepita come buona in ogni situazione. La soddisfazione lavorativa degli infermieri prima e dopo l’implementazione del modello RBC è rimasta la medesima. Discussione Nella letteratura scientifica non esistono altri studi simili sul modello RBC con le stesse caratteristiche metodologiche. I risultati di questa ricerca sono comparabili con quelli di altri studi per il miglioramento della qualità percepita dell’assistenza infermieristica (Winsett & Hauck, 2011) e la soddisfazione dell’utenza (Carabetta et al., 2013; Faber 2013; Hedges et al., 2012). Non è emerso alcun cambiamento nella soddisfazione lavorativa degli infermieri, dato che si discosta da altri studi (Winsett & Hauck, 2011; Faber, 2013; Hedges et al., 2012) Conclusioni I caregiver che hanno ricevuto il trattamento T5M, conseguente al modello assistenziale RBC, hanno dimostrato una diminuzione dell’ansia e della depressione, e una migliore qualità percepita dell’assistenza infermieristica. In particolare, il T5M si è dimostrato più efficace su quei caregiver che avevano un livello di ansia e depressione maggiore all’ingresso in ospedale. Questi risultati hanno un’importante implicazione per la pratica clinica perché hanno dimostrato che è possibile migliorare l’assistenza infermieristica senza incidere sui costi sanitari e che il modello RBC è compatibile con la programmazione dell’assistenza infermieristica. Ulteriori ricerche sono necessarie per sviluppare questo modello anche in altri setting clinici.
Del, Forno Simona <1984>. "Terapia riabilitativa del pavimento pelvico in donne con endometriosi profonda infiltrante e dispareunia: studio prospettico randomizzato controllato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9159/1/del%20forno_tesi%20dottorato.pdf.
Full textThe primary aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of PFM physiotherapy in women with deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) and superficial dyspareunia in terms of pelvic floor morphometry (PFM) modifications at transperineal ultrasound during Valsalva maneuver. Modifications of PFM at rest and during pelvic floor contraction and variations of superficial dyspareunia were also analyzed as secondary outcomes. We recruited a series of nulliparous women, with clinical or sonographic diagnosis of DIE and associated superficial dyspareunia. All women underwent a first examination to assess the Levator Hiatus Area (LHA) with a 3-D/4-D transperineal ultrasound at rest, at maximum pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contraction and during maximum Valsalva maneuver; moreover pain symptoms were evaluated using a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Subsequently, women were randomized into 2 groups: women submitted to five individual sessions of pelvic floor physiotherapy at weeks 1, 3, 5, 8, 11 from the first examination (study group) and women submitted to normal care (control group). After 4 months from the first examination (second examination), pain symptoms and LHA were reassessed in all women. Twenty-seven women completed the study, 17 in the study group and 10 in the control group. After physiotherapy, in the study group the enlargement of LHA was significantly greater at maximum Valsalva maneuver in comparison with the control group, with a difference between the 2 groups of 20.7%. Moreover, in the study group we detected a significant reduction of superficial dyspareunia (mean Δ = –3.1 ± 2.7, P < 0.001) and chronic pelvic pain (mean Δ = –1.1 ± 1.9, P = 0.021) at second examination. In women with DIE pelvic floor physiotherapy seems to be effective in improving pelvic floor muscle relaxation, evaluated with transperineal ultrasound, superficial dyspareunia and chronic pelvic pain.
Accardo, Vivian. "EFFICACIA DELLA RIABILITAZIONE FUNZIONALE SUL FUNZIONAMENTO COGNITIVO E PSICOSOCIALE NEI PAZIENTI CON DISTURBO BIPOLARE: UNO STUDIO CONTROLLATO RANDOMIZZATO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Brescia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11379/563600.
Full textIntroduction: Cognitive dysfunction is a major feature of bipolar disorder (BD), strongly associated with patients’ functional outcome. Functional Remediation (FR) is a psychosocial intervention, developed by the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, exclusively designed on the specific characteristics of bipolar patients, aimed at improving neurocognition in order to achieve a functional recovery (Martinez-Arán et al., 2011). FR program is built on a neuro-cognitive-behavioral approach, manualized and evidence-based, and its distinctive feature is that it focuses on the overall psychosocial functioning, in a group format (Martinez-Arán et al., 2011; Torrent & Vieta 2016). FR, within a highly ecological context, provide neurocognitive strategies and techniques, including psychoeducation about the main neurocognitive impairments associated with BD, such as attention, memory and executive functions (Martinez-Aran et al. 2004) and their influence on everyday life, which can result in psychosocial difficulties (Vieta et al., 2018). The main aim of FR is to facilitate generalization and the transfer of learned cognitive abilities and useful strategies to better manage daily life, with the ultimate goal to restore psychosocial functioning in BD (Martínez-Arán et al., 2011; Bonnin et al., 2014). FR efficacy was validated in a multicentric, randomized, rater-blind trial, comparing FR with psychoeducation and treatment as usual - TAU, which indicated an improvement in general psychosocial functioning, principally in the interpersonal and occupational domains (Torrent et al., 2013). FR is also effective in improving psychosocial functioning in both bipolar disorder type I and II (Solé et al., 2015).¬¬ Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of FR in improving psychosocial functioning (measured by Functioning Assessment Short Test - FAST) and neurocognitive impairments (measured by Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders - BAC-A), in a sample of euthymic patients with BD. Methods: In a randomized, rater-blinded, controlled study of 24 out-patients with BD-I and BD-II, according to DSM-5 criteria, FR (N=12) was compared with TAU (N=12) over 21 weeks. Pharmacological treatment was kept stable in both two groups. The primary outcome was change in psychosocial functioning measured by means of the FAST, from baseline to endpoint. Results: At the end of the study, all 24 patients finalized the treatment phase. Statistical analyses revealed that the FR group improved significantly with respect to functional outcome variables (p=.011), from the baseline to the end of the programme, at 6 months, compared to the TAU group. Significant improvements have been identified in the FAST sub-domains relating to autonomy, professional functioning, financial issues and interpersonal relations. No significant effects of the FR intervention group on neurocognitive variables were detected. Conclusions: Findings are promising and confirm the importance to new personalized non-pharmacological interventions in BD, in order to improve not only affective symptoms, but also cognitive and functional dysfunctions, with the final goal to achieve full functional recovery and ameliorate the quality of life of BD patients’.
PATRIZI, LODOVICO. "La chirurgia mininvasiva dell’incontinenza urinaria da sforzo femminile sintomatica: studio randomizzato TVT (transvaginal tape) vs. TOT (transobturator tape)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/450.
Full textObjective: The aim of our study was to compare tension-free vaginal (TVT) vs. trans-obturator tape (TOT) technique on a double blind randomised trial to evaluate cure rates, complications, overall satisfaction rates and after stratification according to symptoms severity. Methods: We recruited all patients affected by symptomatic SUI grade 1 and 2 and Q tip test > I. Exclusion criteria consisted in patients with SUI grade 3, Q tip test =1, urge incontinence, associated prolapses, neurovegetative disorders, previous surgery for SUI or under rehabilitative or medical therapies. SUI grade of severity was recorded as well as clinical data. Patients were randomized to receive TOT or TVT and results assessed at one month and one year. Results: We analysed 104 women. Significant differences were found between TOT and TVT groups regarding the operating times, number of catheterization days, postoperative pain (all greater for TVT; p<0.05). Although postoperative complications, recurrences and reoperations were similar among techniques, patients’ satisfaction rates at one month and one year were significant different when analysed according to the severity of SUI: SUI 1 patients appreciated more the TOT operation and SUI 2 patients more the TVT (p<0.001). Conclusions: The choice of TOT vs. TVT is not completely similar. According to satisfaction rates, TOT could be more indicated in SUI 1 and TVT in SUI 2. Although recurrences or bladder obstructions rates are not different among techniques, they can influence patients’ satisfaction and could be avoided with accurate and proper indications according to the SUI severity.
D'Amico, Francesco. "Infusione sistemica e loco-regionale di N-ACETIL-CISTEINA nel prelievo di fegato: uno studio prospettico randomizzato controllato." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427328.
Full textPresupposti. Gli agenti anti- ossidanti hanno la capacità di ridurre il danno da ischemia – riperfusione degli organi destinati al trapianto di fegato (TF). In questo studio prospettico randomizzato, abbiamo testato l’impatto sull’outcome post TF dell’infusione di N-acetil-cisteina (NAC) durante la procedura di prelievo del fegato. Metodi. Il protocollo NAC prevedeva: una infusione sistemica di NAC (30 mg/kg) un’ora prima dell’inizio dell’intervento di prelievo d’organo; una infusione loco - regionale di NAC (300 mg attraverso la vena porta) subito prima del cross-clamp. Tra Dicembre 2006 e Dicembre 2007, 56 organi assegnati a candidati adulti con malattia epatica cronica listati per primo TF, sono stati inclusi in modo randomizzato nel protocollo NAC (gruppo NAC = 28 pazienti) o nella procedura standard senza NAC (gruppo no - NAC = 28 pazienti). Risultati. Le variabili del donatore e del ricevente sono risultate confrontabili nei due gruppi. Il tempo mediano di ischemia fredda è stato di 393 minuti nel gruppo NAC e di 383 minuti nel gruppo no - NAC (P>0,05). La proporzione di fegati sub - ottimali è stata del 50% nel gruppo NAC e 43% nel gruppo no – NAC (P>0,05). Il gruppo NAC ha avuto valori ematici significativamente minori di transaminasi e bilirubina dopo il TF. L’incidenza di disfunzioni epatiche precoci è stata significativamente minore (P=0,04) nel gruppo NAC (11%) che nel gruppo no - NAC (32%). Non ci sono stati casi di non funzione epatica o di re - trapianto precoce nei due gruppi. La mortalità precoce del paziente (< 3 mesi) è stata significativamente minore (P=0,05) nel gruppo NAC (4%) che nel gruppo no – NAC (21%). Conclusione. Questo studio ha dimostrato una incidenza molto bassa di disfunzione epatica e di morte precoce del paziente dopo TF quando il protocollo NAC viene utilizzato durante il prelievo di fegato.
Frasca', Clarissa <1983>. "Confronto tra morcellazione elettromeccanica classica e morcellazione manuale nel sacchetto endoscopico in corso di miomectomia laparoscopica: studio randomizzato controllato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8415/1/Tesi%20dottorato%20Frasca%CC%80.pdf.
Full textBackground: Laparoscopic myomectomy represents the gold standard in the treatment of symptomatic premenopausal women affected by myomas. Morcellation is an important part of the laparoscopic procedure, allowing the removal of a large specimen through a small incision. In April 2014, the FDA discouraged the use of power morcellators, because of the risk of inadvertent dissemination of small tissue pieces through the abdominal cavity. In-bag manual morcellation could reduce this risk, preventing surgeons from abandoning a laparoscopic approach. Objective: To compare in-bag manual morcellation and classic power morcellation during laparoscopic myomectomy in terms of feasibility and safety. Matherials and Methods: Patients submitted to laparoscopic myomectomy at our Centre from November 2015 and October 2016 were considered for the study. Seventy-two patients were therefore included and randomly divided into two groups: 38 underwent classic power morcellation (control group) while 34 patients were submitted to in-bag manual morcellation (experimental group). The comparison of morcellation operative time (MOT) between the two groups represented the primary objective. Secondary objectives were: total operative time (TOT), rate of intraoperative complications and postoperative outcomes. Results: in the experimental group, longer MOT (9.47 ± 5.05 vs 6.16 ± 7.73 minutes; p = .01) and TOT (113.24 ± 28.12 vs 96.74 ± 33.51 minutes; p = .01) were required compared to the control group. No intraoperative complications, bag tear or conversion to laparotomy were reported. The two study groups presented similar hemoglobin drop, hospitalization and postoperative outcomes. Conclusion: In-bag manual morcellation could represent a safe and feasible alternative to classic power morcellation, despite slightly longer operative time required.
Barausse, Carlo <1989>. "Impianti corti su osso naturale versus impianti lunghi su osso ricostruito: studio clinico randomizzato e controllato a 5 anni." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8821/1/Barausse_Carlo_tesi.pdf.
Full textPurpose: to evaluate whether 5x5 mm dental implants with a novel nanostructured calcium-incorporated titanium surface could be an alternative to implants at least 10 mm long placed in bone augmented with bone substitutes in posterior atrophic jaws. Materials and Methods: forty patients with atrophic posterior mandibles and 40 patients with atrophic posterior maxillae, were randomised according to a parallel group design to receive 5 mm implants or implants at least 10 mm long in augmented bone. Mandibles were vertically augmented with interpositional bovine bone blocks and implants were placed after 4 months. Maxillary sinuses were augmented with particulated porcine bone via a lateral window approach and implants were placed simultaneously. All implants were loaded after 4 months with provisional prostheses. Four months later, definitive prostheses were delivered. Patients were followed up to 5 years post-loading and the outcome measures were: prosthesis and implant failures, any complication and peri-implant marginal bone level changes. Results: sixteen patients dropped-out before the 5-year evaluation. There were no statistically significant differences in prosthesis and implant failures up to 5 years after loading between maxilla and mandible. Significantly more complications occurred at mandibular grafted sites: 17 augmented patients were affected by complications versus 9 patients treated with short implants in mandibles. Moreover, longer implants showed a greater bone loss up to 5 years after loading than short implants both in maxillae and in mandibles. Conclusions: five years after loading 5x5 mm implants achieved similar results than longer implants placed in augmented bone. As a consequence short implants might be a preferable choice to bone augmentation especially in posterior mandibles since the treatment is faster, cheaper and associated with less morbidity, however 10-year post-loading data are necessary before making reliable recommendations.
Felice, Pietro <1969>. "Chirurgia ricostruttiva in mandibola posteriore con tecnica INLAY: osso autologo vs osso bovino inorganico. Studio clinico randomizzato controllato SPLIT-MOUTH." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1885/1/testo_intero.pdf.
Full textFelice, Pietro <1969>. "Chirurgia ricostruttiva in mandibola posteriore con tecnica INLAY: osso autologo vs osso bovino inorganico. Studio clinico randomizzato controllato SPLIT-MOUTH." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1885/.
Full textDall'Ara, Gianni <1982>. "La valvuloplastica aortica percutanea eseguita con o senza stimolazione ventricolare rapida: risultati dello studio randomizzato PNP (Pacing vs No Pacing)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8498/1/Tesi%20Dall%27Ara_Gianni.pdf.
Full textObjective To compare the effectiveness and safety of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) performed with or without rapid ventricular pacing (RP). Background BAV technique is poorly standardized. Methods One hundred consecutive patients were randomly assigned 1:1 between BAV performed with or without RP. Exclusion criteria were an immediate indication for surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement, presentation in cardiogenic shock or pulmonary edema refractory to medical stabilization. Results There were fifty-one patients in the BAV group performed with RP, forty-nine in the BAV group without RP (no-RP). Procedural success (50% hemodynamic gradient reduction) was achieved in 37.3% and 55.1% respectively (p=0.16). Fewer people in the no-RP group complained of poor tolerance to the procedure (16% vs 41%). The primary efficacy endpoint, a 50% reduction in the mean echocardiographic trans-aortic gradient, was met in 21/49 patients in the no-RP group compared to 20/51 in the RP (42.9% vs 39.2%; p=0.84). No significant difference between the groups was observed in the primary safety endpoint, a 30-day composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, acute aortic regurgitation, and BARC bleeding ≥3 (8.2% no-RP vs 13.7%; p=0.53). The no-RP group required fewer bailout temporary pacemakers (p=0.048) and had a lower incidence of mild renal function worsening (4.1% vs 17.6%; p=0.052). The calculation of the population sample for a large randomized study, in relation to a composite outcome of the net rate of positive/negative events occurred in the two arms of this pilot study, led to consider the future enrollment of 343 patients in each group. Conclusions Rapid ventricular pacing did not influence BAV efficacy or safety and tolerance was slightly worse.
FRUSCIO, ROBERT. "Somministrazione settimanale di cisplatino in pazienti con carcinoma ovarico in stadio avanzato: risultati a lungo termine di uno studio clinico randomizzato." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/13832.
Full textDIPASQUALE, SAVINA. "Trattamento fisioterapico secondo le linee guida KNGF Vs trattamento di ginnastica dolce nella malattia di Parkinson: valutazione clinica in studio randomizzato." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/20256.
Full textPerachiotti, Gabriele. "studio randomizzato controllato di comparazione tra due interventi di fisioterapia in riferimento a kinesiofobia e dolore su pazienti con cervicalgia cronica aspecifica." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24611/.
Full textTacchetti, Paola <1977>. "Telcade-talidomide-desametasone vs talidomide-esametasone e doppio trapianto autologo nel mieloma multiplo di nuova diagnosi: risultati di uno studio prospettico randomizzato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2420/1/tacchetti_paola_tesi.pdf.
Full textTacchetti, Paola <1977>. "Telcade-talidomide-desametasone vs talidomide-esametasone e doppio trapianto autologo nel mieloma multiplo di nuova diagnosi: risultati di uno studio prospettico randomizzato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2420/.
Full textBille', A. "RUOLO DELLA CHIRURGIA NEL TRATTAMENTO DEI PAZIENTI CON MESOTELIOMA PLEURICO MALIGNO:ANALISI RETROSPETTIVA E STUDIO PROSPETTICO RANDOMIZZATO SULLA CHIRURGIA DOPO CHEMIOTERAPIA VS SOLA CHEMIOTERAPIA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/329211.
Full textBackground Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive disease with approximately 2500 newly diagnosed cases each year in USA and about 5000 in Western Europe. Median survival is 6 to 9 months from the diagnosis, and 6-month, 1 and 5-year overall survival are 55%, 33%, and 5%, respectively. Chemotherapy alone for advanced stages, or in combination with surgery and/or radiotherapy for resectable disease, is the mainstay of treatment. Surgery with pleurectomy / decortication (P/D) or extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) can be an option for selected patients with resectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Since 2003, the combination of pemetrexed and cisplatin has been the standard first-line treatment based on the results of a phase III trial showing almost a 3 month improvement in median survival over treatment with cisplatin alone. Various prognostic factors for survival in MPM have been described. Previous prognostic scoring systems for MPM included patients managed surgically and predated the use of pemetrexed. The most significant prognostic factor remains histology: epithelioid mesothelioma is the subtype with the best prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pleurectomy decortication on the outcome of patients with MPM. A randomized phase III multicenter controlled trial, called PASS trial was established to compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by pleurectomy decortication versus chemotherapy alone. Also, a European Registry was created to collect data on surgical patients with mesothelioma not enrolled in any trials. Before enrolling patients in the PASS trial, we analyzed prognostic factors in a retrospective cohort of patients treated with chemotherapy or surgical resection and in a contemporary cohort of patients with unresectable MPM who received pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. Moreover a pilot study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility and the safety of the naodjuvant chemotherapy followed by pleurectomy/decortication. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data from 1365 consecutive patients with histologically proven MPM, treated from 1982 to 2012 in six Italian Institutions (Spedali Civili Brescia, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità Novara, San Luigi Hospital Orbassano (Torino), Policlinico hospital Milan, IRCCS San Martino Genova, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan). Patients received chemotherapy alone (n=172) or best supportive care (n=690) or surgical treatment (n=503), by either P/D (n=202) or EPP (n=301) with or without chemotherapy. Then a single institution analysis included MPM patients managed non-surgically from 2000-2013 at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC). Variables correlated with overall survival (OS) included sex, performance status (PS), asbestos exposure, tumor laterality, histology, clinical stage, initial PET maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax), hemoglobin, platelet, lymphocyte, white cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts, treatment type, and clinical benefit from treatment. The pilot study included patients receiving induction pemetrexed-based chemotherapy, followed by pleuectomy decortication from September 2012 and August 2014. Postoperative morbidity and mortality and OS were analyzed. The PASS trial is a multicentric randomized trial with 2 arms. Patients were randomized at the end of the chemotherapy in 2 groups: follow up group and surgical group (pleurectomy/decortication). OS was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method, and significance (p<0.05) of prognostic factors was analyzed by log-rank test and Cox regression. Results: After a median follow-up of 6.7 years (range 1.1-14.8), 230 (16.8%) patients were alive in the Italian retrospective study; median survival for patients who received palliative treatment or chemotherapy alone, P/D and EPP were 11.7 (95%CI: 10.5-12.5), 20.5 (95%CI: 18.2-23.1), and 18.8 (95%CI: 17.2-20.9) months, respectively. The 30 day mortality was 2.6% after P/D and 4.1% after EPP (p=0.401). According to multivariate analysis (n=1227) age < 70, epithelial histology and chemotherapy were independent favourable prognostic factors. In the subset of 313 (25.5%) patients with all favourable prognostic factors median survival was 18.6 months after medical therapy alone, 24.6 months after P/D, and 20.9 months after EPP (p=0.596). In the MSKCC contemporary series191 patients were included: median age 71 years (range 46-90), 147 (77%) male, 128 (67%) epithelioid tumors, 157 (82%) stage III-IV. Median OS for all patients was 13.4 months. By univariate analysis, histology (p<0.001), platelet count (≤450,000 vs >450,000 p<0.001), initial PS (0-1 versus ≥ 2), SUVmax (> or ≤8.1, p=0.037), and lymphocyte counts (p=0.019) were associated with OS. By multivariable analysis, only histology, platelet count and PS were independent prognostic factors. Epithelioid histology, PS and elevated lymphocyte count at diagnosis were significantly associated with clinical benefit from first-line chemotherapy. Patients who experienced clinical benefit from chemotherapy had a better median OS of 16.8 months (95% CI 14.8 – 20.1) and 1-year survival rate of 70% compared to patients who did not demonstrate clinical benefit, with a median OS of 6.5 months (95% CI 5.4 – 8.5) and 1-year survival rate of 22%. In the pilot study 16 patients were included and treated at the Fondazione IRCCS istituto Nazionale dei Tumori. All patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy: cisplatin and pemetrexed (n=14), carboplatin and pemetrexed (n=1) or pemetrexed alone (n=1). Median number of chemotherapy cycles was 4 (range 3-8), followed by pleurectomy and decortication. Postoperative mortality was nil and the morbidity was 37%. The median OS was 22.8 months (95% CI 19.4 -26.1), with 1 and 3-year survival of 93% and 51%, respectively. During the follow up 4 paients died for mesothelioma, 12 patints were still live with a median follow up of 11 months (range 4 – 22 months). Among the 12 patients still alive, 3 were free of disease at 10, 11 and 15 months from the surgery. The remaining 9 patients recurred with a median interval of 6 months: 6 presented with a pleural local recurrence and 3 with a distant recurrence with bone metastasis (n=2) and gengival metastasis (n=1). Pass trial started in Secember 2013, until February 2015 20 patients had been evaluated and 12 were enrolled. Six patients underwent chemotherapy followed by pleurectomy decortication and 6 patients were treated with only chemotherapy and all of them are still under regular follow up. The European registry of mesothelioma, based on patients not involved in prospective studies on surgical treatment for mesothelioma, collected 3000 cases retrospectively and 11 centers so far are collecting data prospectively. Conclusions Our retrospective data from the Italian study suggest that patients with good prognostic factors had a similar survival whether they received medical therapy only, P/D or EPP. The modest benefit observed after surgery over medical treatment requires further investigation. Our results also confirm the significance of elements of the CALGB and EORTC prognostic scoring systems, identify factors associated with clinical benefit from chemotherapy, and emphasize the impact of histology and clinical benefit of chemotherapy on outcomes. A large multicenter randomized trial, testing P/D after induction chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in MPM patients with good prognostic factors, and a prospective European registry on surgical patients with mesothelioma are the best way to assess the real impact of the surgical treatment on survival.
Bosani, M. A. "DISPLASIA E CANCRO IN PAZIENTI CON RETTOCOLITE ULCEROSA DI LUNGA DURATA: COLONSCOPIA TRADIZIONALE VS PANCROMOENDOSCOPIA VS FUJINON INTELLIGENT COLOUR ENHANCEMENT (FICE). STUDIO PROSPETTICO RANDOMIZZATO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/169148.
Full textDellarole, Laura. "Efficacia di un programma di educazione e promozione della salute del rachide nei bambini delle scuole primarie di Bologna: protocollo di uno Studio Controllato Randomizzato." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24594/.
Full textGNAGNARELLA, PATRIZIA. "PAZIENTI CON TUMORE ALLA PROSTATA CANDIDATI ALLA RADIOTERAPIA: PROTOCOLLO DI STUDIO MICROSTYLE UN TRIAL RANDOMIZZATO CONTROLLATO SU STILE DI VITA E INTERAZIONE CON IL MICROBIOTA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1455369.
Full textProstate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. The standard non-surgical approach for localized PCa is radiotherapy (RT), but one of the limitations of high-dose RT is the potential increase in gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities. We present the protocol of the Microstyle study, a multicenter randomized two-arm crossover clinical trial. The primary outcome will be assessed at the end of a 6-month intervention, by measuring the change in adherence to a healthy lifestyle. The hypothesis is that change in lifestyle will modify microbiome, improve quality of life and decrease the side effects of RT. Study participants will be recruited among men undergoing RT in two Italian centers (Milan and Naples). We foresee to randomize 300 patients in two intervention arms: Intervention Group (IG) and Control Group (CG). Participants allocated to the IG will meet a dietitian and a physiotherapist before RT to receive personalized diet and exercise recommendations, according to their health status, to improve overall lifestyle and reduce side effects (bowel and/or urinary problems). All participants (IG) will be given a pedometer device (steps counter) in order to monitor and to spur participants to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior. Participants included in the CG will receive baseline general advice and materials available for patients undergoing RT. According to the cross-over design, the CG will cross to the intervention approach after 6 months, to actively enhance compliance towards suggested lifestyle recommendations for all patients. This trial is innovative in its design because we propose a lifestyle intervention during RT, which includes both dietary and physical activity counselling, as well as monitoring changes in microbiome and serum biomarkers. The promotion of healthy behavior will be initiated before initiation of standard care, to achieve long lasting effects, control side effects, cope with feelings of anxiety and depression and improve efficacy of RT.
Boscolo, Annalisa. "Studio sperimentale di fase IV monocentrico randomizzato in doppio cieco di confronto tra ketamina e remifentanil per l'analgosedazione di pazienti ventilati invasivamente in terapia intensiva." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424340.
Full textSebbene in letteratura ci siano molti studi di confronto tra l'efficacia di differenti regimi analgosedativi in ambito intensivistico e durante procedure chirurgiche in parte complesse, al momento non c'è alcun lavoro focalizzato sul paragone diretto tra ketamina e remifentanil, somministrate in infusione continua e in associazione a propofol, in termini di abilità nel garantire un'efficace sedazione e controllo del dolore in pazienti critici, ricoverati in TI e ventilati meccanicamente per più di 24h. Quando la ketamina viene utilizzata in ICU, la somministrazione è in genere a boli e nulli sono i lavori basati sul suo impiego a "lungo-termine" in associazione a propofol. Alcuni studi preliminari hanno dimostrato che la ketamina gioca anche un ruolo importante nella riduzione dell'incidenza di delirio e depressione dopo lunghi periodi di ricovero in ambito ospedaliero, o se somministrata prima dell'inizio di un intervento di chirurgia maggiore negli adulti, soprattutto di età > 65 anni, e durante chirurgia pediatrica. Abbiamo proposto quindi uno studio clinico sperimentale, monocentrico, randomizzato, basato sull'arruolamento di pazienti ricoverati in ISTAR 1 e 2, due rianimazioni polivalenti (direttore: Prof. C. Ori) dell'Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova. L'attività di ricerca si è basa su un confronto diretto tra due protocolli analgo-sedativi differenti (ketamina+propofol in infusione continua vs remifentanil+propofol) in pazienti critici ventilati meccanicamente per un periodo massimo di 7 giorni e minimo di 36 ore. Nello specifico gli obiettivi di studio sono stati di indagare ed approfondire: - l'abilità del farmaco in infusione continua di raggiungere e mantenere un valore target di RASS tra -2 and 0 durante i primi 7 gg (valore atteso: stesso livello di efficacia di ketamina vs remifentanil o di non inferiorità); - l'incidenza di delirio nei 7 gg e a lungo termine (valore atteso: superiorità di ketamina); - monitoraggio comfort o sofferenza del paziente durante ventilazione meccanica (tramite Critical Care Pain Observational Tool, CCPOT) - incidenza di delirium a breve termine (nei primi 3 gg dopo l'estubazione) (ICU-Confusion Assessment Method, ICU-CAM) - incidenza di deficit cognitivo/delirium alla dimissione dalla TI (Mini Mental Status Exam-test, MMSE) - incidenza di tolleranza/iperalgesia durante i primi 7 gg o sindrome astinenziale - incidenza di depressione cardiovascolare durante i primi 7 gg - durata della ventilazione meccanica - durata della degenza in ICU e mortalità in ICU - tollerabilità della NE ed effetti avversi durante l'analgosedazione - incidenza depressione a 3mesi (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale,HADS). I pazienti arruolati in questi anni di dottorato, rappresentanti il campione preliminare di uno studio assai più complesso e con una numerosità campionaria presunta molto superiore, sono stati 50 (33M e 17F) così suddivisi: - 23 (46%) pazienti arruolati nel braccio ketamina+propofol - 27 (54%) nel braccio remifentanil+propofol. A sua volta ciascun paziente è stato poi distinto in MEDICO, CHIRURGICO, TRAUMA, USTIONATO. Dall'analisi dei dati preliminari, è emerso che l'infusione continua di ketamina rappresenta una valida alternativa ai più comuni protocolli analgosedativi utilizzati nelle rianimazioni di tutto il mondo. La ketamina sembra avere capacità di mantenere un RASS target tra 0 e -2 (nei pazienti critici) sovrapponibile a remifentanil, con probabilità di eventi avversi pressoché identiche (circa 13% in entrambi i gruppi). Idem per quanto riguarda i dati che riguardano il dolore e il comfort paziente-ventilazione (valutazione realizzata tramite CCPOT). Buoni risultati sono stati ottenuti dall'uso dell'antagonista-NMDA nei pazienti con iniziale sostegno inotropo. Minor utilizzo di catecolamine ed instabilità emodinamica nei pazienti chirurgici, traumatizzati ed ustionati se trattati con ketamina vs remifentanil. Dati ancora incompleti sulle eventuali differenze di canalizzazione o tollerabilità alla nutrizione enterale tra i due protocolli. Per quanto riguarda i risultati sull'incidenza di delirium nei primi 3 giorni dopo l'estubazione, trend a favore dei pazienti trattati con ketamina (34% vs 44%) ma necessario approfondimento delle eventuali correlazioni con storia clinica, gravità, età, deficit cognitivo alla dimissione (MMSE) ed incidenza di ansia/depressione a lungo termine (HADS). Nello specifico per quanto riguarda il riscontro di delirium a breve termine, cioè entro i primi 3 giorni dopo l'estubazione, e alla dimissione dalla TI, ben 4 pazienti sono risultati positivi ad entrambi i test (2 per ketamina e 2 per remifentanil) ed avevano più di 65 anni. Per concludere tale risultato lascia presupporre una possibile correlazione tra insorgenza di delirium, età e declino cognitivo/funzionale nell'adulto.
Cucchi, Alessandro <1985>. "Rigenerazione ossea tridimensionale mediante Membrane in D-PTFE rinforzate in titanio o griglie in titanio, in associazione ad impianti conici a doppia spira variabile. Studio randomizzato controllato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7707/1/Tesi_Ph.D.pdf.
Full textPURPOSE: The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to compare 2 different approaches for Guided Bone Regeneneration (GBR) in posterior region of atrophic mandibles regarding: I) the amount of vertical bone regeneration, II) the type and frequencies of surgical and healing complications, III) the implants primary stability and the osseointegration rate. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty partially edentulous patients with atrophic posterior mandible, who require a three-dimensional bone regeneration and an implant-prosthetic rehabilitation, were treated according the following protocol. Patients were randomly divided into two study group: 20 patients were treated with non-resorbable d-PTFE titanium-reinforced membranes (group A); and 20 patients with titanium mesh covered by cross-linked collagen membranes (group B). All patients received two or more double variable thread tapered implants and a mixture of autogenous bone and bone allograft according to one-stage GBR approach. In each group were evaluated the amount of vertical bone regeneration and the insertion torque value (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) of all implants. In addition, all complications were analyzed, distinguishing between “surgical” and “healing” complications. RESULTS: The vertical bone regeneration was 4.3 ± 1.2 mm in the group A and 4.2 ± 1.1 in the group B. 99% of implants showed an optimal primary stability with insertion torque values > 35 Ncm and ISQ values > 60. All implants achieved a successful osseointegration. In the group A, surgical and healing complication rates were 5.0% and 15.9% respectively, In the group B, complication rates were 15.0% and 21.1% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary results of this RCT suggested that both GBR approaches are predictability and effectiveness for the restoration of atrophic posterior mandible. Double variable thread tapered implants permitted to achieve an adequate primary stability in order to perform an one-stage GBR approach.
Cucchi, Alessandro <1985>. "Rigenerazione ossea tridimensionale mediante Membrane in D-PTFE rinforzate in titanio o griglie in titanio, in associazione ad impianti conici a doppia spira variabile. Studio randomizzato controllato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7707/.
Full textPURPOSE: The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to compare 2 different approaches for Guided Bone Regeneneration (GBR) in posterior region of atrophic mandibles regarding: I) the amount of vertical bone regeneration, II) the type and frequencies of surgical and healing complications, III) the implants primary stability and the osseointegration rate. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty partially edentulous patients with atrophic posterior mandible, who require a three-dimensional bone regeneration and an implant-prosthetic rehabilitation, were treated according the following protocol. Patients were randomly divided into two study group: 20 patients were treated with non-resorbable d-PTFE titanium-reinforced membranes (group A); and 20 patients with titanium mesh covered by cross-linked collagen membranes (group B). All patients received two or more double variable thread tapered implants and a mixture of autogenous bone and bone allograft according to one-stage GBR approach. In each group were evaluated the amount of vertical bone regeneration and the insertion torque value (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) of all implants. In addition, all complications were analyzed, distinguishing between “surgical” and “healing” complications. RESULTS: The vertical bone regeneration was 4.3 ± 1.2 mm in the group A and 4.2 ± 1.1 in the group B. 99% of implants showed an optimal primary stability with insertion torque values > 35 Ncm and ISQ values > 60. All implants achieved a successful osseointegration. In the group A, surgical and healing complication rates were 5.0% and 15.9% respectively, In the group B, complication rates were 15.0% and 21.1% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary results of this RCT suggested that both GBR approaches are predictability and effectiveness for the restoration of atrophic posterior mandible. Double variable thread tapered implants permitted to achieve an adequate primary stability in order to perform an one-stage GBR approach.
LAMBERTI, Nicola. "Qualità della vita e capacità funzionale del paziente anziano con claudicatio intermittens severa: rivascolarizzazione o riabilitazione? Uno studio pilota randomizzato tra trattamento invasivo ed esercizio strutturato domiciliare." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388999.
Full textSABBATINELLI, JACOPO. "Impatto della supplementazione con Ubiquinolo sulla funzione endoteliale in soggetti a rischio di sviluppare patologie cardiovascolari: studio clinico spontaneo, in doppio cieco, randomizzato, controllato con placebo, a gruppi paralleli." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/252542.
Full textMost of the major cardiovascular risk factors are characterized by an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to endothelial dysfunction through breakdown of the vasodilating compound nitric oxide (NO). Supplementation with Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) positively affects heart performance in congestive heart failure and ischemic heart disease, along with a significant blood pressure lowering effect. To understand the effects of ubiquinol supplementation on endothelial function, measured through non-invasive ultrasonographic assessment of flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a double-blind, randomized, parallel-groups clinical trial was carried out on 51 subjects with moderate cardiovascular risk and endothelial dysfunction. Subjects were randomized to receive ubiquinol, 100 or 200 mg daily, or placebo. During each visit (T0, 4-weeks, 8-weeks) blood pressure, FMD, hematologic parameters (including lipid profile), reduced/oxidized CoQ10 levels, NO and peroxynitrite plasma levels were evaluated. Ubiquinol administration strongly improved total and reduced CoQ10 plasma levels. Subjects assigned to both treatment groups showed an increased FMD compared with subjects in placebo group, with no significant difference between the two dosages. However, after CoQ10 plasma bioavailability analysis, a positive relationship between FMD increases and CoQ10 oxidative status improvements was demonstrated. No significant change in lipid profile was observed in treated subjects. A significant dose-dependent increase in NO plasma levels was observed in treated subjects after T2. NO plasma levels are positively related to FMD and, thus, to endothelial function. FMD and plasma oxidative status are significantly improved following administration of ubiquinol. Bioavailability of ubiquinol is positively correlated with FMD improvements. Positive influence of CoQ10 supplementation is independent from plasma lipid profile, suggesting a direct effect of ubiquinol on endothelial cells.
Scimeca, Daniela <1980>. "Valutazione dell'efficacia e della sicurezza dell'Infliximab e della Ciclosporina Orale Microemulsione (Neoral) nei pazienti con colite ulcerosa severa refrattari agli steroidi per via endovenosa. Risultati preliminari di uno studio randomizzato controllato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4514/1/Scimeca_Daniela_tesi.pdf.
Full textScimeca, Daniela <1980>. "Valutazione dell'efficacia e della sicurezza dell'Infliximab e della Ciclosporina Orale Microemulsione (Neoral) nei pazienti con colite ulcerosa severa refrattari agli steroidi per via endovenosa. Risultati preliminari di uno studio randomizzato controllato." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4514/.
Full textNoè, Alessandro. "Efficacia del trattamento fisioterapico precoce sul recupero fisico e funzionale del paziente in terapia intensiva: una revisione sistematica di studi clinici controllati randomizzati." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20739/.
Full textNieri, Michele. "Comparazione di due tipi di vite da espansione del mascellare superiore. Studio clinico randomizzato multicentrico." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1190521.
Full textGIANNOTTI, DOMENICO. "L' agoaspirato tiroideo sotto guida elastosonografica: studio prospettico randomizzato e revisione della Letteratura." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1160930.
Full textDI, VITO Concetta. "Trattamento induratio penis plastica: benefici e svantaggi dell'extra-corporeal shock therapy (ESWT). Studio prospettico randomizzato v/s placebo." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/105133.
Full textMARI, Francesco Saverio. "Colecistectomia laparoscopica clipless con dissettore ad ultrasuoni versus colecistectomia laparoscopica tradizionale in regime di day surgery. Studio prospettico randomizzato." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/927786.
Full textBARILARO, ALESSANDRO. "Studio clinico aperto, randomizzato, sulla utilizzazione dell'associazione di βIFN1a ed azatioprina, in pazienti affetti da sclerosi multipla recidivante-remittente." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/617783.
Full textVENTO, CLAUDIO. "Effetto a lungo termine dell'atorvastatina sulla morfologia della placca carotidea nei pazienti con primo TIA e/o ictus: studio controllato randomizzato." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917233.
Full textDI, VITO Concetta. "TRATTAMENTO INDURATIO PENIS PLASTICA: BENEFICI E SVANTAGGI DELLA EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE THERAPY (ESWT). STUDIO PROSPETTICO RANDOMIZZATO VERSUS PLACEBO (DUOLITH DOUBLE STUDY)." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/95175.
Full textCECCANEI, GIANLUCA. "Risultati a lungo termine di uno studio randomizzato sul ruolo della coronarografia sistematica preoperatoria prima di endoarterectomia carotidea in pazienti con malattia coronarica asintomatica." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917325.
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