Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Structures et métamorphisme'
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Csontos, László. "Étude géologique d'une portion des Carpathes internes : le massif du Bükk (Nord-Est de la Hongrie). (Stratigraphie, structures, métamorphisme et géodynamique)." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10063.
Full textAuzende, Anne Line. "Evolution des microstructures des serpentinites en contexte convergent : effet du degré de métamorphisme et de la déformation." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825144.
Full textBruguier, Olivier. "Applications de la géochronologie U-Pb sur monocristal de zircon abrasé en domaines sédimentaire et magmatique : source des matériaux détritiques, témoins archéens crustaux et géodynamique globale." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20106.
Full textOmitogun, Ayotunde Allen. "Métamorphisme et structure de la zone mobile pan-africaine centrale du Nigéria ("Schist belt" d'Igarra)." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30275.
Full textDucoux, Maxime. "Structure, thermicité et évolution géodynamique de la Zone Interne Métamorphique des Pyrénées." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2026/document.
Full textThe understanding of the processes and scenarios of the inversion of extensional systems, and more specifically of hyper-extended margins, in collision thrust belts is a major issue. The intracontinental belt of the Pyrenees is an example of inversion of hyper-extended margins, associated with a HT-LP metamorphism and then integrated within the orogenic wedge. The first part of this study is focused on the distribution of the HT-LP metamorphism associated with rifting and the exhumation of lithospheric mantle. A new set of TRSCM data allows the recognition of the geometry of the IMZ, characterized with temperature ranging from 400 to 630°C and shows the absence of a regional gradient at this scale. This study then shows significant temperature gaps across major faults and distinguishes lateral temperature gradients at the scale of the different basins constituting the IMZ, especially in the westernmost part of the belt, in the Nappe des Marbres Basin. This part of the study moreover shows the importance of a salt tectonics prior to the HT-LP metamorphism. The second part shows the existence of three main tectonics phases during the Pyrenean orogeny and the role played by the Late Triassic evaporites as a decollement level in the generalized allochthony of the IMZ. A left-lateral component along the main faults within and along the boundaries of the North Pyrenean Zone (ZNP) is also shown. The interpretation of these observations is that the IMZ and ZNP form a single tectonic unit, decoupled from the Variscan basement by the decollement in the Late Triassic deposits and displaced above shallow-dipping thrust faults inherited from the rifting episode, during the first stages of the convergence. Deformation mode is then thin-skinned and becomes thick-skinned when the two paleomargins collide, with the development of major steeper faults linked with the exhumation of basement blocks (North Pyrenean Massifs) that dissected the IMZ
Henry, Caroline. "L'unité à coesite du massif Dora-Maira (Alpes occidentales, Italie) dans son cadre pétrologique et structural." Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066169.
Full textNi, Xinghua. "Late Paleozoic - Early Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt : structural, metamorphic and magmatic evidence from the eastern Tianshan." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ORLE1043.
Full textAccretionary orogens forming along convergent margins are characterized by long-lived evolution and are the primary sites of continental growth on Earth. A typical convergence pattern of accretionary orogens involves complex tectonic processes, such as tectonic switching between advancing and retreating subduction, arc-arc/continent accretion, and post-collisional extension. However, elucidating the orogenic processes of ancient orogenic belts is more challenging due to extensive denudation, necessitating comprehensive knowledge on deformation, metamorphism, and magmatism.The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is a vast accretionary orogenic system within Eurasia, formed by the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (PAO) and the convergence of the Siberian, Tarim-North China, and Baltica (East European) cratons during the Neoproterozoic to late Paleozoic. It is considered as the largest Phanerozoic accretionary orogen containing significant juvenile crust, and offers a natural laboratory to examine continental growth and orogenic processes. The eastern Tianshan in the southwestern CAOB preserves crucial records of subduction, arc-arc/continent accretion and post-collisional evolution, providing unique insights into orogenic tectonics. Nonetheless, several debates still hinder our understanding of its tectonic evolution, including issues related to the crustal basements, detailed tectonic processes, timing of the final amalgamation, and magmatic evolution.This thesis presents a multi-scale and multi-disciplinary study of the tectonic-metamorphic-magmatic evolution of the eastern Tianshan during the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic. Firstly, the tectono-metamorphic history of the Xiaopu Metamorphic Complex (XPC) in the eastern North Tianshan has been investigated through detailed structural, metamorphic, and geochronogical analyses. Secondly, spatial and temporal constraints on the late Paleozoic tectono-magmatic evolution of the eastern North Tianshan and East Junggar have been established based on geochronological, geochemical, and isotopic data sets from both new and previous studies. Thirdly, the Triassic magmatic evolution has been built up through detailed petrographic, geochronologic, geochemical, and isotopic investigations of newly identified Triassic granitoids from the Bogda region, alongside published data from the eastern Tianshan. The main results lead to the following conclusions: 1.The basement of the eastern North Tianshan and East Junggar regions primarily comprises Neoproterozoic to Phanerozoic juvenile crust, likely with a presence of a Mesoproterozoic continental basement similar to that of the Central Tianshan Block in the Kangguer-Yamansu area. 2.Arc-arc accretion between the eastern North Tianshan and East Junggar around 340-330 Ma resulted in crustal shortening and thickening. The roll-back of the Kangguer oceanic slab between 330 and 310 Ma caused back-arc extension and crustal thinning in the Bogda-Harlik region, along with extension-related magmatism and high temperature and low pressure (HT-LP) metamorphism.3.The final amalgamation of the eastern Tianshan occurred around 300 Ma, leading to crustal thickening in the eastern North Tianshan and a magmatic lull in the East Junggar and Kangguer-Yamansu regions, as well as a sharp reduction in intermediate magmatic rocks in the Bogda-Harlik-Dananhu region.4.Following the amalgamation, the eastern North Tianshan and East Junggar evolved into a post-orogenic setting during the Permian. Localized crustal extension and exhumation, along with the formation of bimodal magmatic rocks and widespread A-type granitoids, likely occurred in association with regional transcurrent tectonics.5.During the Triassic, the magmatism diversity in the eastern Tianshan resulted from the reworking of both ancient and juvenile crust at varying depths and temperatures, with some mantle input in an intraplate setting
Aubray, Alexandre. "Structure et métamorphisme de la klippe de Jaljala (Népal Central), implications sur les modèles de formation de l'Himalaya." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN064.
Full textThe Himalayan belt is the actual paradigm of collision mountain belt. However, formation model remains still under discussion. Even fundamental to understand the belt formation, the High Himalaya Cristalline (HHC) klippen are poorly integrated to the different existing models. In the Jaljala klippe (Western Central Nepal) a combination of structural, petrographic and geochronological (40Ar/39Ar) studies have allowed to caracterise close to the Himalaya front, the Main Central Thrust (MCT) and a top - to - the North shear zone : the Jaljala shear zone geometry and kinematics, faults that bordered the HHC. Results show that the MCT and the Jaljala shear zone have been refolded and the Jaljala shear zone is close to the MCT in the North of the klippe. An intra téthyan sequences (TH) have been discovered and interpreted as the Jaljala shear zone in the southern flank of the klippe. Petrographic datas show a progressive augmentation of temperature between 350 and 550 ° C cross to the MCT in High Himalaya Cristalline instead of 650 °C in the internal zones. Pseudosections show this temperature peak is achieved after an isobaric warming at pressure varying between 7 and 9 bars. 40Ar/39Ar ages on micas show three ages populations : about 20, about 40 and about 100 Myrs in the HHC and in Tethyan sequences. Two hypothesis can be proposed : on the one hand, the exhumation can be testified by 40 Myrs ages which represent an ancient age for the High Himalaya Crystalline in the front belt, on the other hand, it is dated at 20 Myrs which represent more commons ages for exhumation on MCT and under STD (South Tibetan Detachment). Rock lithology and their deformations and correlations with results for other klippen show that the STD in the Jaljala klippe cannot be connected width the STD in internal zones. The MCT and the STD cannot converge in depth at the front that excluded the tectonic wedge model. Finally, the pressures and temperature continuities in internal zones and with the klippe rocks excluded the channel flow model because partial melting is absent in the Jaljala klippe. Structures, metamorphic conditions and ages are more compatible with High Himalaya Crystalline duplex formation whose geometry is still poorly constrained and which necessitate a frontal flat - ramp system to transfer crustal nape on the front of the belt and then to form klippe as the Jaljala klippe that will then isolated from internal zones by Lesser Himalaya duplex formation
Lemennicier, Yves. "Le complexe métamorphique du sud Karakorum dans le secteur du Chogo Lungma (Baltistan-Nord Pakistan) : étude structurale, métamorphique, géochimique et radiochronologique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10117.
Full textCharmanides, Philippe. "Identification des structures aquifères en domaine insulaire métamorphique et évaluation de leurs caractéristiques hydrogéologiques : exemple d'îles de l'archipel des Cyclades." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20176.
Full textMesquita, Barros Carlos Eduardo de. "Pétrologie et structure du Complexe Granitique Estrela (2. 5 Ga) et de son encaissant métavolcano-sédimentaire (Province Métallifère de Carajas, Brésil)." Nancy 1, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1997_0190_DE_MESQUITA_BARROS.pdf.
Full textBouenitela, Vicky Tendresse Télange. "Le domaine paléoprotérozoïque (éburnéen) de la chaîne du Mayombe (Congo-Brazzaville) : origine et évolution tectono-métamorphique." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B008/document.
Full textThe Mayombe belt is the congolese part of the Araçuaï-West Congo belt system which extend from eastern margin of Brazil to western margin of central Africa. It runs parallel to the Atlantic coastline with NW-SE trend. Considering geochronological data, it is subdivided into two lithostratigraphic domains : (i) the Paleoproterozoic domain and (ii) the Neoproterozoic domain. The Paleoproterozoic domain of the Mayombe range corresponds to the inner part of the belt and is characterized by the coexistence of para and orthoderived rocks deformed and metamorphosed to varying degrees. These rocks are distributed among the three main lithological Groups : (i) the Loémé Group, (ii) the Loukoula Group and (iii) the Bikossi Group. Structural analysis of Loémé and Loukoula Groups shows folded and fractured stuctures. In the Loémé Group, folds trend NE-SW, NNE-SSW and N-S while in the Loukoula Group, the main shortening trends NE-SW. The Bikossi Group is characterized by folds oriented in the directions identified in the preceding Groups. The geochemical study carried out on samples from the Paleoproterozoic domain of the Mayombe belt shows that the latter is heterogeneous, by involving rocks of various origin and lithology. The petrological characterization of Loémé and Loukoula Groups shows that they are affected by at least two distinct metamorphic events that overlap. The first event is characterized by garnet-biotite-oligoclase parageneses in metapelites and by the development of brown hornblende in metabasites, thus allowing the evolution context to be situated in the amphibolite facies. The second event is recorded differently in Loémé Group and Loukoula Group. It consits respectively in garnet-biotite-oligoclase assemblages in the Loemé Group and in chlorite-albite-epidote paragenesis in the Loukoula Group. Samples from Bikossi Group present only traces of a single metamorphic event marked by garnet-biotite-muscovite and garnet-chloritoid-chlorite parageneses whose temperature is estimated at 510-568°C for 8 kbar of pressure. U-Pb dating of zircons allows to : (i) define the Archean-Paleoproterozoic (3300-1500Ma) sources of metasedimentary rocks (ii) confirm Paleoproterozoic (2070-2040 Ma) age of Eburnean magmatism and Neoproterozoic (925 Ma) Mfoubou and Mont Kanda type magmatism and (iii) to highlight the perturbations of zircons U-Pb isotopic system at 642 ± 36 Ma and 539 ± 18 Ma. The 40Ar-39Ar analyzes on biotite, muscovite and amphibole from samples of the western domain of Mayombe betl provided since the age range of Pan-African tectono-thermal event at 615-496 Ma
Homonnay, Emmanuelle. "Évolution tectono-métamorphique et chronologie de mise en place des unités métamorphiques du Rif interne (Maroc)." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4111.
Full textThe Betic-Rif Cordillera, located in the western part of the Mediterranean, results from the convergence of the European and African plates and related subduction processes. It is therefore an exceptional site to study the processes induced by subduction dynamics. This thesis focuses on the study of the internal domain of the Rif chain. Two key areas have been selected (Ceuta and Cabo Negro) where high pressure-low temperature crustal rocks (HP-LT) (present only in Ceuta) but also low pressure-high temperature rocks (LP-HT) and ultrabasic rocks outcrop. Their tectonic significance, placement mode and ages are still heavily debated subjects. A multidisciplinary approach was developed to carry out this work, with a detailed structural and petrographic study, as well as U/Th/Pb dating on zircon, monazite and xenotime and 40Ar/39Ar on white mica. The results obtained show that: (i) at circa 29 Ma a medium pressure-high temperature metamorphism (MP-HT) affects the lower Sebtides and Ghomarides. This phase is simultaneous with a thickening of the crust and the placement of diorite sill having a geochemical signature of calc-alkaline to high-K magmatic arc. This phase is contemporaneous to the HP-LT metamorphism observed in the crustal units of the upper Sebtides (ii) at circa 21 Ma an extension phase contributes to the final exhumation of these rocks. This event is associated with a metamorphic episode developed at the boundary between Amphibolite and Greenschist facies conditions, at 400-550°C and 1-3 kbar. The quasi-contemporary emplacement of metamorphic units with radically different thermal gradients is characteristic of “paired metamorphic belts”. In this case we propose the following model: at 29 Ma, during Alpine subduction, the units of the Ghomarides and Lower Sebtides are located within the upper plate of the subduction system where the MP-HT metamorphism develops. In parallel, the HP-LT metamorphism occurs within the lower plate constituted by the upper Sebtides. Dehydration of the lower plate induces calc-alkaline magmatism in the upper plate. At 21 Ma, the slab rollback produces an extension phase creating the opening of the Alboran basin and the exhumation of the HP-LT units
Admou, Safouane. "Etude structurale et gîtologique du gisement de sulfures massifs à métaux de base de Hajjar : contribution à l'histoire tectono-métamorphique des Guemassa orientales, Maroc." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2037/document.
Full textThe massive sulphide deposits hosted in the Moroccan Hercynian massifs of Jebilets and Guemassa are Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide (SMV), deformed and metamorphosed. However, an assessment of the contribution of this deformation to their current structure and the eventual impact on the economy and in terms of exploration is missing. Therefore, this contribution aims mainly to define the structural context of these mineralizations, in order to deduce a structural model relating to Hajjar's VMS.The VMS of Hajjar, belonging to the domain of Guemassa (Western Meseta). It is hosted in volcanosedimentary terrain composed of pelites, sandstones and lentils and limestone bars intruded by felic and basic sills and dykes. The main volcanic bodies correspond to the rhyolitic plugs.The Hajjar deposit is composed of 3 mineralized bodies: main body (CP); north-eastern body (CNE); western body (CWD) and extreme western body(CEWD.). The Hajjar deposit is affected by a single XY plane of subvertical flattening of directions N0 to N45. The host rock and sulphide bodies have the same silicate metamorphic assemblages, which exhibit either a "static" granoblastic texture when the strain is low or pre to syn-tectonic features when the foliation is strongly expressed. The texture shapes, and aggregates of the biotite and andalousite (± suspected cordierite) are typical of HT/LP “contact” metamorphism in the hornfels facies. The syn-tectonic assemblage is composed of quartz + chlorite + white micas (± calcite) and partially replaced the former biotite and andalousite blasts. The data from the N’Fis block show the occurrence of a single sub-vertical XY plane oriented N130. The biotites of contact metamorphism are elongated parallel to the foliation. These data imply that the Hajjar MSD and the N’Fis block are affected by a single foliation which encompasses a HT/LP contact metamorphism. The significant inflexion of foliation from Imarine outcrops to Hajjar VMS is due to major right-lateral ENE-trending transpressive shear zone at Hajjar. Near the Hajjar mine, such a regional shear zone is recognized for the first time, and is a structural key feature of the Hajjar district.The mineralization of Hajjar is strongly deformed and metamorphosed. It is affected by folding, foliation and mylonitic bands within a regional scale shear zone. Structures such as pyrrhotite-rich ribbons clearly pre-date the deformation and the HT/LP contact metamorphism. The early stage is characterized by the precipitation of pyrrhotite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and galena, whereas the synkinematic stage constitutes major concentrator event characterized by the dissolution and recrystallization of early paragenesis with enrichment in Zn, Cu. The late post-kinematic stage is responsible for the neoformation of sulphides, namely chalcopyrite, pyrite and some traces of sphalerite.We have demonstrated a tectonic thickening within the fold hinge zone. pre-syntectonic metamorphism favors ductile behavior and sulfide recrystallization (Po, Cpy, and Sph). The polymetallic veins argue for hydrothermal fluid-assisted remobilization during deformation. All of our studies lead to the proposal of a 3D tectono-metamorphic model for the VMS of Guemassa and proposals to search extensions of the mineralization
Vengeon, Jean-Marc. "Déformation et rupture des versants en terrain métamorphique anisotrope : apport de l'étude des ruines de Séchilienne." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10232.
Full textFeix, Isabelle. "Etude géologique dans le Sud-Millevaches : lithologie, géochimie, métamorphisme, et structure des séries métamorphiques situées au sud de la vallée de la Dordogne : place dans le Massif Central français occidental." Orléans, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ORLE2044.
Full textPiraquive, Alejandro. "Cadre structurel, déformations et exhumation des Schistes du Santa Marta : accumulation et histoire de déformation d'un terrain caraïbe au nord de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU019/document.
Full textThe Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM) is perhaps the most complex crustal massif found in the Northern Andes. Its unique situation as an isolated triangular massif segmented from the continuity of the 7000 km long Andes as the last standing mountain before the domains of the younger Caribbean plate, places the SNSM as an island separated from all surrounding mountain ranges of the continental margin. A prominent relief characterizes this mountain reaching the highest altitude in the entire Caribbean realm at 5750 m, and defines, the SNSM as the highest coastal mountain range in the world. For this reason the SNSM is a unique geological feature that embraces an outstanding biodiversity from its coral reefs in the Caribbean Sea passing trough heavily vegetated tropical rainforests, high cloud forests, and moorlands, until its magnificent summit capped by glaciers.By its position on the northwestern margin of South America the study of the SNSM provides the opportunity to resolve important questions on the evolution of super-continental cycles since Grenvillian times through the Neoproterozoic Pan-African orogeny, the Late Paleozoic Ouachitan-Appalachian orogeny that led to Pangæa assembly, and Triassic Pangæa break-up followed by the Jurassic Central Atlantic Rift and more recently by the start of the Caribbean plate accretion/subduction since the Late Cretaceous against northwestern South America.In this investigation I attempt to unravel the geological history of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta Massif using geochronological, thermochronological geochemical and isotopic techniques that allowed to gather a significant amount of new data to add to the existent database on the SNSM.Our results include a reevaluated geological map 1:25000, in which I define 4 new stratigraphic units, accompanied by two crustal-scale cross sections of 320 km length that dissect the massif, and 8 parallel cross sections at the NW corner of the SNSM metamorphic belt. The geochemical and isotopic dataset includes: i) 17 igneous and metamorphic rocks and 6 detrital samples dated by laser-ablation induced-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), U-Pb zircon geochronology that resulted in 2790 new dates and in-situ trace element analyses, ii) 16 igneous and metamorphic rocks that yielded 31 new thermochronometric ages as follows: 12 zircon fission track ages, 11 Apatite fission track ages and 7 (U-Th)/He in apatite ages, iii) Whole rock geochemistry from 10 samples and iv) Microprobe mineral chemistry in spot analyses and x-ray maps from 4 samples that yielded zoned and peritectic garnet. These data were acquired from the units of the northwestern metamorphic suite of the SNSM massif. With these data we investigated i) The units that conform the SNSM metamorphic belts, their chronological and stratigraphic relationships from the Precambrian to the Eocene; ii) The time span and P-T conditions of a Late Paleozoic-Early Mezosoic metamorphic event (Chapter 1), iii) The timing of igneous activity accretion and exhumation of oceanic and continental terranes during the Late Cretaceous to late Miocene. iv) A mechanism for explaining how this exhumation occurred under a collisional regime by a climate influenced process at elevated erosion and thermal gradients (Chapter 2); v) The late processes of denudation and sedimentation controlled by tectonics in two marginal basins since the early Miocene under decreased erosion rates and thermal gradients (Chapter 3)
Lemennicier, Yves. "Le complexe métamorphique du sud Karakorum dans le secteur du Chogo Lungma (Baltistan-Nord Pakistan) : étude structurale, métamorphique, géochimique et radiochronologique." Phd thesis, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00723703.
Full textRai, Santa Man. "Les nappes de Katmandou et du Gosainkund, Himalaya du Népal central : étude cartographique, structural, métamorphique, géochimique et radiochronologique." Phd thesis, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00640663.
Full textHeymes, Thomas. "La transition raccourcissement-extension Oligocène dans l'édifice de nappes de l'Arc Calabro-Péloritain (Italie méridionale). Nouvelles données structurales, métamorphiques et géochronologiques sur le Massif de l'Aspromonte." Phd thesis, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00283165.
Full textLes principaux résultats obtenus mettent en évidence, hormis les indices d'une évolution hercynienne assez mal contrainte, une évolution alpine impliquant deux étapes successives. La première correspond à l'empilement des unités tectoniques, la seconde à la reprise en extension de l'édifice de nappes. Les contraintes métamorphiques et géochronologiques suggèrent que l'empilement était déjà initié à l'Eocène moyen (~ 45 Ma), tandis que l'extension a probablement débuté à l'Oligocène inférieur (à partir de 33 Ma) et s'est prolongée au moins jusqu'à l'Oligocène moyen (27 Ma) avec les mêmes caractéristiques cinématiques. Cette seconde déformation entraîne l'exhumation des unités profondes, contrôlée en partie par une importante dénudation tectonique. Les directions cinématiques de cette évolution structurale replacées dans leur position et leur orientation initiales, avant la formation de l'ACP, impliquent une direction de raccourcissement en accord avec la direction de convergence Afrique-Eurasie reconstituée pour l'Eocène. En revanche l'âge de la phase d'extension indique que l'amincissement tectonique généralisé en Méditerranée Occidentale s'est initié au moins dès l'Oligocène inférieur. En outre la localisation et l'orientation de cette extension suggèrent qu'elle peut-être reliée à l'ouverture du Bassin Nord-Algérien, antérieurement à l'ouverture du Bassin Liguro-Provençal et au retrait de la zone de subduction vers le SE.