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Academic literature on the topic 'Structures algébriques finies'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Structures algébriques finies"
Shminke, Boris. "Applications de l'IA à l'étude des structures algébriques finies et à la démonstration automatique de théorèmes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023COAZ4058.
Full textThis thesis contributes to a finite model search and automated theorem proving, focusing primarily but not limited to artificial intelligence methods. In the first part, we solve an open research question from abstract algebra using an automated massively parallel finite model search, employing the Isabelle proof assistant. Namely, we establish the independence of some abstract distributivity laws in residuated binars in the general case. As a by-product of this finding, we contribute a Python client to the Isabelle server. The client has already found its application in the work of other researchers and higher education. In the second part, we propose a generative neural network architecture for producing finite models of algebraic structures belonging to a given variety in a way inspired by image generation models such as GANs (generative adversarial networks) and autoencoders. We also contribute a Python package for generating finite semigroups of small size as a reference implementation of the proposed method. In the third part, we design a general architecture of guiding saturation provers with reinforcement learning algorithms. We contribute an OpenAI Gym-compatible collection of environments for directing Vampire and iProver and demonstrate its viability on select problems from the Thousands of Problems for Theorem Provers (TPTP) library. We also contribute a containerised version of an existing ast2vec model and show its applicability to embedding logical formulae written in the clausal-normal form. We argue that the proposed modular approach can significantly speed up experimentation with different logic formulae representations and synthetic proof generation schemes in future, thus addressing the data scarcity problem, notoriously limiting the progress in applying the machine learning techniques for automated theorem proving
Zou, Tingxiang. "Structures pseudo-finies et dimensions de comptage." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1083/document.
Full textThis thesis is about the model theory of pseudofinite structures with the focus on groups and fields. The aim is to deepen our understanding of how pseudofinite counting dimensions can interact with the algebraic properties of underlying structures and how we could classify certain classes of structures according to their counting dimensions. Our approach is by studying examples. We treat three classes of structures: The first one is the class of H-structures, which are generic expansions of existing structures. We give an explicit construction of pseudofinite H-structures as ultraproducts of finite structures. The second one is the class of finite difference fields. We study properties of coarse pseudofinite dimension in this class, show that it is definable and integer-valued and build a partial connection between this dimension and transformal transcendence degree. The third example is the class of pseudofinite primitive permutation groups. We generalise Hrushovski's classical classification theorem for stable permutation groups acting on a strongly minimal set to the case where there exists an abstract notion of dimension, which includes both the classical model theoretic ranks and pseudofinite counting dimensions. In this thesis, we also generalise Schlichting's theorem for groups to the case of approximate subgroups with a notion of commensurability
Moutot, Etienne. "Autour du problème du Domino - Structures combinatoires et outils algébriques." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN027.
Full textGiven a finite set of square tiles, the domino problem is the question of whether is it possible ta tile the plane using these tiles.This problem is known to be undecidable in the planar case, and is strongly linked ta the question of the periodicity of the tiling.ln this thesis we look at this problem in two different ways: we look at the particular case of low complexity tilings and we generalize it to more general structures than the plane: groups.A tiling of the plane is sa id of low complexity if there are at most mn rectangles of size m x n appearing in it. Nivat conjectured in 1997 that any such tiling must be periodic, with the consequence that the domino problem would be decidable for low complexity tilings. Using algebraic tools introduced by Kari and Szabados, we prove a generalized version of Nivat's conjecture for a particular class of tilings (a subclass of what is called of algebraic subshifts). We also manage to prove that Nivat's conjecture holds for uniformly recurrent tilings, with the consequence that the domino problem is indeed decidable for low-complexity tilings.The domino problem can be formulated in the more general context of Cayley graphs of groups. ln this thesis, we develop new techniques allowing to relate the Cayley graph of some groups with graphs of substitutions on words.A first technique allows us to show that there exists bath strongly periodic and weakly-but-not strongly a periodic tilings of the Baumslag-Solitar groups BS(l,n).A second technique is used to show that the domino problem is undecidable for surface groups. Which provides yet another class of groups verifying the conjecture saying that the domino problem of a group is decidable if and only if the group is virtually free
Loyau, Hugues. "Etude numérique et modélisation algébrique des phénomènes d'anisotropie en turbulence statistique." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES067.
Full textMuhieddine, Mohamad. "Simulation numérique des structures de combustion préhistoriques." Rennes 1, 2009. ftp://ftp.irisa.fr/techreports/theses/2009/muhieddine.pdf.
Full textAbstract In order to understand the ancient human behavior, it was necessary to find an appropriate methodology to study the nature and the mechanism of the prehistoric fires. This work presents numerical methods to solve the problem of heat diffusion in water saturated porous media and to determine the physical properties of the medium by inverse method. However, the first part of this work concerns the resolution of phase change problems using two approaches LHA (latent heat accumulation) and AHC (apparent heat capacity); this last one is used in what follows. We use systematically the method of lines which consists first on discretizing in space, by finite volume method with an implicit scheme and a modified Newton method to deal with the non linearity, or by hybrid mixed finite element with a semi-implicit scheme in time. In addition, the coupling diffusion-convection model has been studied leading to a system of differential algebraic equations solved by an appropriate solver. After the comparisons with the results of the real experiments realized at the archaeological site of Pincevent, the shown methods look interesting and the results are promissing. The second part of my Ph. D work is about the estimation of thermophysical properties of the archaeological soil by inverse problem. The Gauss-Newton method is used to solve the problem. The obtained results show a good convergence to the desired solution
Ahmed, Bacha Rekia Meriem. "Sur un problème inverse en pressage de matériaux biologiques à structure cellulaire." Thesis, Compiègne, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018COMP2439.
Full textThis thesis, proposed in the framework of the W2P1-DECOL project (SAS PIVERT) and funded by the Ministry of Higher Education, is devoted to the study an inverse problem of pressing biological materials with a cellular structure. The aim is to identify, of the outgoing oil flow, the coefficient of consolidation of the pressing cake and the inverse of the characteristic time of consolidation on two levels : at the level of the rapeseed and at the level of the pressing cake. First, we present a system of parabolic equations modeling the pressing problem of biological materials with cellular structure; it follows from the continuity equation of Darcy’s law and other simplifying hypotheses. Then a theoretical and numerical analysis of a direct model is made in the linear case. Finally the finite difference method is usedt o discretize it. In a second step, we introduce the inverse problem of the pressing where the study of the identifiability of this problem is solved by a spectral method. Later we are interested in the study of local and global Lipschitizian stability. Moreover, global Lipschitz stability estimate for the inverse problem of parameters in the case of the system of parabolic equations from the measures on ]0,T[ is established. Finally, the identification of the parameters is solved by two methods; one based on the adaptation of the algebraic method and the other formulated as the minimization in the least squares sense of a functional evaluating the difference between measurements and the results of the direct model; the resolution of this inverse problem is done using an iterative algorithm BFGS, the algorithm is validated and then tested numerically in the case of rapeseeds, using synthetic measures. It gives very satisfactory results, despite the difficulties encountered in handling and exploiting the experimental data
Montagnier, Julien. "Etude de schémas numériques d'ordre élevé pour la simulation de dispersion de polluants dans des géométries complexes." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00502476.
Full textMarseglia, Stéphane. "Variétés projectives convexes de volume fini." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD019/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we study strictly convex projective manifolds of finite volume. Such a manifold is the quotient G\U of a properly convex open subset U of the real projective space RP^(n-1) by a discrete torsionfree subgroup G of SLn(R) preserving U. We study the Zariski closure of holonomies of convex projective manifolds of finite volume. For such manifolds G\U, we show that either the Zariski closure of G is SLn(R) or it is a conjugate of SO(1,n-1).We also focuss on the moduli space of strictly convex projective structures of finite volume. We show that this moduli space is a closed set of the representation space