Journal articles: 'Structure- Motion'

1

Backus, B., and B. Caziot. "Motion from structure." Journal of Vision 12, no. 9 (August 10, 2012): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/12.9.774.

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An, Dong, Tie Jun Qu, and Jian Wen Liang. "Pseudo-Dynamic Test of Brick Masonry under Different Earthquake Motion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 2111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.2111.

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For further study on the influence of ground motion on the seismic performance of brick masonry structure, two masonry buildings were designed and constructed according to common structure style in towns and villages. Two full-scale buildings were subjected to different earthquake motion using pseudo-dynamic test. The earthquake motions are artificial earthquake motion and strong motion recording. This paper presents hysteretic behavior and deformation under horizontal seismic action. Crack propagation of masonry structure is analyzed. These tests verify that displacement response of masonry structures under different ground motion is pretty much the same. Tie-column and ring-beam can effectively confined brick wall. The cracks are mostly diagonal cracks caused by shear failure.

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Mitsugami, Ikuhisa. "Bundler: Structure from motion for unordered image collections." Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 65, no. 4 (2011): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej.65.479.

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Ding, Yanqiong, Yazhou Xu, and Shuhang Ding. "A Stochastic Earthquake Ground Motion Database and Its Application in Seismic Analysis of an RC Frame-Shear Wall Structure." Buildings 13, no. 7 (June 27, 2023): 1637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13071637.

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A stochastic earthquake ground motion database comprising twelve groups of simulated ground motions was introduced. Ground motions were generated using the stochastic semi-physical model of earthquake ground motions, based on a cluster analysis of 7778 recorded earthquake ground motion. All twelve groups of simulated earthquake ground motions were validated through the probability density evolution method (PDEM) by comparing their time histories and response spectra. As an application of the proposed database, an 18-story reinforced concrete (RC) frame-shear wall structure was analyzed using one group of simulated earthquake ground motions. The probability densities of the top displacement of the structure were estimated using PDEM, highlighting the significant stochasticity of the structural response. The seismic reliability of the structure was assessed by evaluating the extreme value distribution of the story drift angle. The investigations indicate that the proposed stochastic earthquake ground motion database effectively captures the inherent stochasticity of ground motions. Moreover, it contributes to enhancing the efficiency of reliability assessments for structures.

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Bae, Jinseok, Hojun Jang, Cheol-Hui Min, Hyungun Choi, and Young Min Kim. "Neural Marionette: Unsupervised Learning of Motion Skeleton and Latent Dynamics from Volumetric Video." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 1 (June 28, 2022): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i1.19882.

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We present Neural Marionette, an unsupervised approach that discovers the skeletal structure from a dynamic sequence and learns to generate diverse motions that are consistent with the observed motion dynamics. Given a video stream of point cloud observation of an articulated body under arbitrary motion, our approach discovers the unknown low-dimensional skeletal relationship that can effectively represent the movement. Then the discovered structure is utilized to encode the motion priors of dynamic sequences in a latent structure, which can be decoded to the relative joint rotations to represent the full skeletal motion. Our approach works without any prior knowledge of the underlying motion or skeletal structure, and we demonstrate that the discovered structure is even comparable to the hand-labeled ground truth skeleton in representing a 4D sequence of motion. The skeletal structure embeds the general semantics of possible motion space that can generate motions for diverse scenarios. We verify that the learned motion prior is generalizable to the multi-modal sequence generation, interpolation of two poses, and motion retargeting to a different skeletal structure.

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Isaacson, M. "Ice Mass Motions Near an Offshore Structure." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 109, no. 2 (May 1, 1987): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3257011.

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The present paper treats the motions of an ice mass up to the instant of impact with a large fixed offshore structure, and describes a numerical method for predicting these motions taking account of the interaction between the ice mass and structure. In general an ice mass will undergo wave-induced oscillatory motions as well as drift motion. The former are calculated by linear diffraction theory applied to bodies of arbitrary shape so that interaction effects are fully accounted for. The drift motion is calculated by a time-stepping procedure applied to the drift equations of motion which involve zero frequency added masses, drag forces and wave drift forces. As an example of the methods application, results are presented for a typical design situation which illustrate the nature of the hydrodynamic interaction between the ice mass and structure.

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Tsuji, Toshio, Yusuke Ishida, Koji Ito, Mitsuo Nagamachi, and Tatsuo Nishino. "Motor Schema Model Learned by Structural Neural Networks." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 2, no. 4 (August 20, 1990): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1990.p0258.

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Human beings remember plans concerning typical motions which occur frequently as schema, and by selecting suitable schema depending on conditions, generate muscular motion almost unconsciously. Though a motor schema represents typical motions, it is equipped with superior plan structure taking into consideration the concurrency and seriality of motions as seen in grasping actions and walking motions, and the structure of plans can be acquired by learning. In this paper, a study is made of the modeling of such motor schema with the use of neural networks. For this purpose, the neural network is structured beforehand into the part which generates action sequences in the form containing concurrency (concurrent action generation part) and the part which modifies the action sequences to satisfy constraints which cannot be executed concurrently (constraint representation part). After learning in each part model the neural network can generate motion sequences while taking into consideration the seriality and concurrency of motion by combining the parts at the time of execution. Finally, this model is applied to the formation of typewriting action motor schema, and it is demonsted that generates motion sequences which take into consideration the constraint of the motion system accompanying the execution of motion.

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Turner, Jessica, and Myron L. Braunstein. "Size Constancy in Structure from Motion." Perception 24, no. 10 (October 1995): 1155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p241155.

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The relative motions of points in a structure-from-motion display involving parallel projection provide depth information in an object-centered framework: differences in velocity do not reflect differences in distance from an eyepoint. In contrast, size constancy is generally regarded to be a perspective effect, based on the relationship between projected size and distance from an eyepoint. Five subjects judged the relative sizes of objects in structure-from-motion scenes. Although the scenes were displayed without perspective, judged size was related to the simulated separation in depth of the objects. These results suggest that relative depths recovered from object-centered information are incorporated into a viewer-centered framework.

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Wang, Ren Zuo, Shih Hung Chen, Bing Chang Lin, Chao Hsun Huang, and Chung Yue Wang. "Nonlinear Analysis of the Motion Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.90.

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In this paper, the nonlinear analysis of the motion structures is studied by using the vector form intrinsic finite element (VFIFE, V-5) method. The main object of this research is to develop an internal hinge of two ends of the plane frame element. In this study, the hinge function of frame element is used to compute the nonlinear dynamic responses of the motion structures. A fictitious reversed rigid body motion can be used to separate the rigid body motions and the pure deformations of the frame element. It is not requires any iteration or any parameters for the VFIFE method during computation process. Four examples illustrate the accuracy of the proposed procedures in computing large motions of a flying flexible structure.

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Wang, Hao, Abhilash Somayajula, Jeffrey Falzarano, and Zhitian Xie. "Development of a Blended Time-Domain Program for Predicting the Motions of a Wave Energy Structure." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8010001.

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Traditional linear time-domain analysis is used widely for predicting the motions of floating structures. When it comes to a wave energy structure, which usually is subjected to larger relative (to their geometric dimensions) wave and motion amplitudes, the nonlinear effects become significant. This paper presents the development of an in-house blended time-domain program (SIMDYN). SIMDYN’s “blend” option improves the linear option by accounting for the nonlinearity of important external forces (e.g., Froude-Krylov). In addition, nonlinearity due to large body rotations (i.e., inertia forces) is addressed in motion predictions of wave energy structures. Forced motion analysis reveals the significance of these nonlinear effects. Finally, the model test correlations examine the simulation results from SIMDYN under the blended option, which has seldom been done for a wave energy structure. It turns out that the blended time-domain method has significant potential to improve the accuracy of motion predictions for a wave energy structure.

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11

Prazdny, Kvetoslav. "Three-Dimensional Structure from Long-Range Apparent Motion." Perception 15, no. 5 (October 1986): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p150619.

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Experiments are reported which show that three-dimensional structure can be perceived from two-dimensional image motions carried by objects defined solely by the differences in binocular and/or temporal correlation (ie disparity or motion discontinuities). This demonstrates that the kinetic depth effect is independent of motion detection in the luminance domain and that its relevant input comes from detectors based on some form of identity preservation of objects or features over time, ie the long-range processes of apparent motion.

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Li, Peizhuo, Kfir Aberman, Zihan Zhang, Rana Hanocka, and Olga Sorkine-Hornung. "GANimator." ACM Transactions on Graphics 41, no. 4 (July 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3528223.3530157.

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We present GANimator, a generative model that learns to synthesize novel motions from a single, short motion sequence. GANimator generates motions that resemble the core elements of the original motion, while simultaneously synthesizing novel and diverse movements. Existing data-driven techniques for motion synthesis require a large motion dataset which contains the desired and specific skeletal structure. By contrast, GANimator only requires training on a single motion sequence, enabling novel motion synthesis for a variety of skeletal structures e.g. , bipeds, quadropeds, hexapeds, and more. Our framework contains a series of generative and adversarial neural networks, each responsible for generating motions in a specific frame rate. The framework progressively learns to synthesize motion from random noise, enabling hierarchical control over the generated motion content across varying levels of detail. We show a number of applications, including crowd simulation, key-frame editing, style transfer, and interactive control, which all learn from a single input sequence. Code and data for this paper are at https://peizhuoli.github.io/ganimator.

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13

Xu, Liying, Jianri Shi, Yingxiong Wu, and Youqin Lin. "Interlayer Isolation Structures Considering Soil–Structure Interaction under Long-Period Ground Motions: An Experimental Analysis." Applied Sciences 13, no. 16 (August 9, 2023): 9090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13169090.

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After coupling long-period seismic motions with the soil–structure interaction (SSI) effect, isolated structures can easily be resonated, and the seismic response of the structure is significantly enhanced. The SSI effect can alter the dynamic characteristics of a structure, resulting in a deviation between the assumed seismic-isolation effect of the rigid foundation and the theoretical results. To investigate the dynamic characteristics and seismic-response laws of interlayer structures considering SSI under long-term seismic motion, four types of ground motions (near-field ordinary, far-field ordinary, near-field pulse, and far-field harmonic ground motions) were selected, and two structural models (rigid-foundation and soft soil foundation interlayer seismic-isolation structure models) were established. Experiments were conducted using a combination of shaking-table tests and finite-element simulations. The results show that the use of the SSI effect caused the decrease in the acceleration response of the upper structure of both models under four types of seismic motions and increased the seismic peak ground acceleration (PGA). In addition, the weakening of the acceleration response of the upper structure under ordinary seismic motion is significant for longer periods of seismic motion. Furthermore, when considering the SSI effect, the displacement response ratio under long periods and ordinary ground motions is greater than that of rigid foundations, and the horizontal deformation of the isolation layer under long-period ground motions is greater than that under ordinary ground motions. This shows that the SSI effect weakens the interlayer shear force under ordinary seismic action more than that under long-period seismic action. When PGA increases, the interlayer shear force response of the interlayer isolation structure model with a soft soil foundation under a long-period seismic action may be smaller than that of the rigid-foundation model.

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Delić, N. V., B. S. Tošić, J. P. Šetrajčić, B. Markoski, S. S. Pelemiš, V. D. Sajfert, and V. M. Zorić. "Photon's Structure of Motion." Acta Physica Polonica A 116, no. 4 (October 2009): 471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.116.471.

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15

Koenderink, Jan J., and Andrea J. van Doorn. "Affine structure from motion." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 8, no. 2 (February 1, 1991): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.8.000377.

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16

Chaumette, F., S. Boukir, P. Bouthemy, and D. Juvin. "Structure from controlled motion." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 18, no. 5 (May 1996): 492–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/34.494639.

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17

Gershman, Samuel J., Joshua B. Tenenbaum, and Frank Jäkel. "Discovering hierarchical motion structure." Vision Research 126 (September 2016): 232–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2015.03.004.

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18

Li, J., and R. Chellappa. "Structure From Planar Motion." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 15, no. 11 (November 2006): 3466–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.2006.881943.

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Yoshida, Eiichi, Satoshi Murata, Akiya Kamimura, Kohji Tomita, Haruhisa Kurokawa, and Shigeru Kokaji. "Motion Generation for a Modular Robot." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 14, no. 2 (April 20, 2002): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2002.p0177.

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We discuss motion generation of a homogeneous modular robot called a Modular Transformer (M-TRAN). Modules are designed to be self-reconfigurable so a collection of modules can transform itself into a robotic structure. The motion generation of the self-reconfigurable robot presents a computationally difficult problem due to the many combinatorial possibilities for the module configuration, even though the module itself is simple, with 2 degrees of freedom. We describe a motion generation for a class of multimodule structures based on a motion planner and a motion scheduler. The motion planner has 2 layers, with a global planner to plan overall movement of the cluster and a local planner to determine locally coordinated module motions, called motion schemes. After motion is generated as a sequence of single motion schemes, the motion scheduler processes the output plan to allow parallel motions to improve efficiency. The effectiveness of the motion generator is verified through a multiple-module simulation.

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Swijghuisen Reigersberg, Muriel. "Commentary on Mari Romarheim Haugen: Investigating Periodic Body Motions as a Tacit Reference Structure in Norwegian Telespringar Performance." Empirical Musicology Review 11, no. 3-4 (April 25, 2017): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/emr.v11i3-4.5522.

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This study investigates periodic body motion (foot-tapping and vertical hip motions) as a reference structure in a specific style of traditional Norwegian dance music called telespringar. The intimate relationship between music and motion is often highlighted in rhythm studies of telespringar, so this study encompasses both sound and motion analyses. It is based on a motion capture study of three telespringar performers, examining the foot-stamping of one fiddler and vertical hip motions of two dancers. The results indicate that rather than being primarily derived from the sound itself, the underlying rhythmic structures in telespringar depend upon a shared and embodied knowledge of the underlying asymmetrical reference structure that is implicit in the production and perception of telespringar. I explore here how the methodology used by the author might be further justified and explored. I will also propose ways in which the article could be made more accessible to researchers who question the universality of research outcomes arrived at using laboratory-based experimental settings.

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Cichowicz, Artur. "Near-Field Ground Motion Modal versus Wave Propagation Analysis." Shock and Vibration 17, no. 4-5 (2010): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/359853.

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The response spectrum generally provides a good estimate of the global displacement and acceleration demand of far-field ground motion on a structure. However, it does not provide accurate information on the local shape or internal deformation of the response of the structure. Near-field pulse-like ground motion will propagate through the structure as waves, causing large, localized deformation. Therefore, the response spectrum alone is not a sufficient representation of near-field ground motion features. Results show that the drift-response technique based on a continuous shear-beam model has to be employed here to estimate structure-demand parameters when structure is exposed to the pulse like ground motion. Conduced modeling shows limited applicability of the drift spectrum based on the SDOF approximation. The SDOF drift spectrum approximation can only be applied to structures with smaller natural periods than the dominant period of the ground motion. For periods larger than the dominant period of ground motion the SDOF drift spectra model significantly underestimates maximum deformation. Strong pulse-type motions are observed in the near-source region of large earthquakes; however, there is a lack of waveforms collected from small earthquakes at very close distances that were recorded underground in mines. The results presented in this paper are relevant for structures with a height of a few meters, placed in an underground excavation. The strong ground motion sensors recorded mine-induced earthquakes in a deep gold mine, South Africa. The strongest monitored horizontal ground motion was caused by an event of magnitude 2 at a distance of 90 m with PGA 123 m/s2, causing drifts of 0.25%–0.35%. The weak underground motion has spectral characteristics similar to the strong ground motion observed on the earth's surface; the drift spectrum has a maximum value less than 0.02%.

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Sadek, Marwan, Fadi Hage Chehade, Bassem Ali, and Ahmed Arab. "Seismic Soil Structure interaction for Shear wall structures." MATEC Web of Conferences 281 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928102006.

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For soft soil subjected to earthquake loading, the soil non linearity could significantly amplify the ground motion. This paper presents a 3D numerical study on the influence of soil non linearity on the seismic soil structure interaction for shear wall structures. Numerical simulations are conducted for both elastic and elastoplastic behaviour for the soil. Real ground motions records are used in the study. The analysis is focused on the seismic induced response of the soil and the structure in terms of displacement and velocity. The results show that considering elastic model for the soil behaviour is not sufficient and could significantly affect the seismic induced response of the system.

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Brown, A. G. A., and M. A. C. Perryman. "The Hyades: Distance, Structure and Dynamics." Highlights of Astronomy 11, no. 1 (1998): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s153929960002236x.

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The Hipparcos parallaxes and proper motions together provide a consistent picture of the Hyades distance, structure and dynamics. They yield a cluster convergent point motion consistent with the individual trigonometric parallaxes, and together explain the large distance modulus derived from the most recent ground-based proper motion investigations as originating from differences in the space velocity and small systematic effects in the ground-based proper motions. Conversely, the smaller distance modulus generally derived from a variety of ground-based trigonometric parallax programmes originates from systematically larger values of the ground-based parallaxes. Although recent distance determinations to individual objects in the cluster, most notably the results of Torres et al. (1997a, b, c), are in excellent agreement with the Hipparcos trigonometric parallaxes, extrapolation to a mean cluster distance is again affected by systematic effects in the ground-based proper motion studies.The combination of the Hipparcos astrometry with radial velocity measurements from ground-based programmes provides three-dimensional velocities allowing candidate membership selection to be based on 3-dimensional positional and kinematical criteria. A number of new cluster members have been found within 20 pc of the cluster centre. No evidence for systematic internal velocity structure is found; rather, the results are fully consistent with auniform cluster space motion with an internal velocity dispersion of about 0.3 km s-1. Spatial distribution, mass segregation, and binary distributions are consistent with N-body simulations.

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An, Hyojoon, Jong-Han Lee, and Soobong Shin. "Dynamic Response Evaluation of Bridges Considering Aspect Ratio of Pier in Near-Fault and Far-Fault Ground Motions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (September 2, 2020): 6098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176098.

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The recent increase in earthquake activities has highlighted the importance of predicting the seismic response of structures. Damage to civil infrastructure, particularly bridges, can cause considerable human and property losses. The seismic performance of a structure should be evaluated based on the characteristics of structures and earthquakes. For this, this study defined the two main factors of ground motion and structural system that affect the seismic response of a structure. Ground motions, which are mainly dependent on the distance from the epicenter, were defined as near-fault and far-fault ground motions. Near-fault ground motion includes the characteristics of forward directivity and fling step. In addition to ground motion, the aspect ratio of the pier, as a representative factor of a structural system, influences the seismic behavior of bridges. Thus, this study assessed the seismic response of bridges with various aspect ratios under the near-fault and far-fault ground motion conditions. Nonlinear static analysis was first performed to evaluate the seismic capacity of the pier. Then modal and dynamic analyses were carried out to examine the effects of the aspect ratio and ground motion on the displacement and force response and the change in the natural frequency of the bridge.

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JU, ZHAOJIE, XIANGYANG ZHU, and HONGHAI LIU. "EMPIRICAL COPULA-BASED TEMPLATES TO RECOGNIZE SURFACE EMG SIGNALS OF HAND MOTIONS." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 08, no. 04 (December 2011): 725–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843611002630.

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Current tendency of electromyography (EMG)-based prosthetic hand is to enable the user to perform complex grasps or manipulations with natural muscle movements. In this paper, empirical copula-based templates; including the unified motion template and the state-based motion template, are introduced to identify the naturally contracted surface EMG (sEMG) patterns for hand motion recognition. The unified motion template utilizes a dependence structure as a motion template, which includes one-to-one correlations of the SEMG feature channels with all the sampling points, while the state-based motion template divides the sampling points into different states and takes the union of the dependence structures of the different states. Comparison results have demonstrated that the proposed Empirical Copula-based methods can successfully classify different hand motions from different subjects with better recognition rates than Gaussian mixture models (GMMs). In addition, the state-based motion template has a better performance than the unified motion template especially for the complex hand motions.

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Zhang, Chang Hao, Wei Wang, Hu Wang, and Xun Tao Wang. "The Influence of near-Fault Ground Motions on the Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Frame." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 2633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.2633.

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This paper examined the engineering characteristics of the near-fault ground motion. The four-story reinforced concrete frame was designed under Code for seismic design of building (GB50011-2010).The SAP2000 software was applied to model it, and the nonlinear time history analyses of structure were implemented. Near-fault ground motions with forward directivity and fling-step and far field ground motions were selected as seismic inputs．The results show that in terms of some structural dynamic response parameters, such as the vertex displacement, between the corner of the layer displacement, and the base shear et al., the structural responses to the ground motion with near-fault are increased by considerable magnitudes when the seismic responses of structures step into the elastic-plastic stage, compared with far-field ground motion, and the influence of damaging the mid-lower structure is significantly greater.

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Zhao, Guo Hui, Wen Hua Zhang, and Jian Hui Zhao. "Study on Seismic Response and Countermeasures of Long Span Cable-Stayed Bridge under Long Period Ground Motion." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 3841–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3841.

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Long period ground motion has great influence on long period structures such as large oil tank, high-rise building and long span bridge. In this paper, a long span cable-stayed bridge is taken as an example to study the seismic response of long period structure under long period ground motions and conventional ground motions by using nonlinear dynamic time history method. It is shown that although the peak acceleration of the long period ground motions are no more than half of conventional ground motions, the displacement and force response of the bridge at key points under long period ground motions are much greater than that of conventional ground motions. Constraint cables and fluid viscous dampers are used to reduce in the influence of long period ground motion of the bridge, and the effects of the two countermeasures are also analyzed in this paper. The results show that constraint cables have unstable effect and even negative effect under long period ground motion. While fluid viscous dampers have stable effect under both long period ground motion and conventional ground motion with proper damping parameters.

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Norris, G., R. Siddharthan, Z. Zafir, S. Abdel-Ghaffar, and P. Gowda. "Soil-Foundation-Structure Behavior at the Oakland Outer Harbor Wharf." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1546, no. 1 (January 1996): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154600112.

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The California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program's Loma Prieta records at Oakland Outer Harbor Wharf maybe used to study the free-field motions, the possible softening of soils surrounding the piles supporting the instrumented wharf, the determination of the motion on the instrumented wharf using free-field motion input and deflection-compatible lateral and vertical pile foundation stiffnesses, and conditions under which a soil-foundation interaction failure or structural failure of the batter piles might have developed.

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Hao, H., and L. Gong. "Analysis of Coupled Lateral-Torsional-Pounding Responses of One-Storey Asymmetric Adjacent Structures Subjected to Bi-Directional Ground Motions Part II: Spatially Varying Ground Motion Input." Advances in Structural Engineering 8, no. 5 (October 2005): 481–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/136943305774857990.

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This is the second paper presenting numerical results of a parametric study of seismic induced lateral-torsional-pounding responses of an asymmetric and a symmetric one-storey adjacent structure. The accompany paper (Part I) (Gong and Hao 2004) assumed ground motion input at all structural supports as uniform. Torsional responses are generated because of inherent structural eccentricity and eccentric pounding. In reality, seismic ground motion at different structural supports inevitably varies owing to wave propagation. Spatially varying ground motion will induce torsional responses of structures, and generate out-of-phase responses between adjacent structures. Thus it might have a significant effect on coupled lateral-torsional-pounding responses. This paper studies the ground motion spatial variation effect. For comparison purpose, same adjacent structure models and impact element used in Part I of this study are adopted here again. 20 sets of spatially varying ground motion time histories are stochastically simulated. All the time histories are compatible with the Newmark-Hall design response spectrum with 5% damping and normalized to 0.5g. The spatial variation of any two simulated time histories is compatible with an empirical coherency loss function. Coupled lateral-torsional-pounding responses of the two structures to the simulated ground motions are calculated. Discussions on the ground motion spatial variation effects are made.

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Hao, Guangbo, and Xianwen Kong. "A structure design method for compliant parallel manipulators with actuation isolation." Mechanical Sciences 7, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-7-247-2016.

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Abstract. Since precise linear actuators of a compliant parallel manipulator suffer from their inability to tolerate the transverse motion/load in the multi-axis motion, actuation isolation should be considered in the compliant manipulator design to eliminate the transverse motion at the point of actuation. This paper presents an effective design method for constructing compliant parallel manipulators with actuation isolation, by adding the same number of actuation legs as the number of the DOF (degree of freedom) of the original mechanism. The method is demonstrated by two design case studies, one of which is quantitatively studied by analytical modelling. The modelling results confirm possible inherent issues of the proposed structure design method such as increased primary stiffness, introduced extra parasitic motions and cross-axis coupling motions.

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Mukai, Ikuko, and Takeo Watanabe. "The Influence of Structure from Motion on Motion Correspondence." Perception 28, no. 3 (March 1999): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p2902.

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Xiaoping, Hu, and Narendra Ahuja. "Motion and structure estimation using long sequence motion models." Image and Vision Computing 11, no. 9 (November 1993): 549–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0262-8856(93)90021-8.

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Ahlström, Ulf, and Erik Börjesson. "Segregation of Motion Structure from Random Visual Noise." Perception 25, no. 3 (March 1996): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p250279.

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A potential source of information about spatial layout, surface slant, and self-motion is provided by transformations of the optic flow field. Theoretical analyses have demonstrated that such flow fields can be decomposed into translation, rotation, expansion, and deformation components. The objective in this study was to investigate the effectiveness of these motions as visual primitives for preattentive scene segregation. The stimuli consisted of two-frame patterns containing 998 dots. A variable number of these dots (5 to 50) were defined as target dots, representing a specific motion structure, with the residual dots defined as a noise field. The observers' task was to identify the location and type of motion structure. On the basis of the number of target dots needed to detect and correctly identify the target structure, it was determined that translation was the most easily detected structure, followed by rotation, expansion, and compression. Deformation was found to have a detection threshold as high as compression. The results are related to other studies of these motion components.

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Davies, M. A., and F. C. Moon. "Transition From Soliton to Chaotic Motion Following Sudden Excitation of a Nonlinear Structure." Journal of Applied Mechanics 63, no. 2 (June 1, 1996): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2788887.

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The existence of a transition from soliton-like motions to spatially and temporally disordered motions in a periodic structure with buckling nonlinearity is demonstrated. An experiment consisting of nine harmonic oscillators coupled with buckling sensitive elastica was constructed. This experiment is modeled using a modified Toda lattice. As has been shown in previous work, the experiment and the model show strong sensitivity to initial conditions. Here we show that this sensitivity may be related to a transition from relatively ordered solitary wave motion, immediately following the impact, to disordered motions at a later time. Some of the behavior of the observed wave structures is explained using Toda’s analytical results; however, the reasons for the break-up of the waves and their role in the generation of spatio-temporal disorder is not fully understood. We speculate that some type of transient chaotic motion is responsible for the observed behavior. These findings are relevant to aircraft, ship, and space structures that are subjected to large dynamic loads.

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Takahashi, Nobuko. "Effect of Spatial Configuration of Motion Signals on Motion Integration across Space." Swiss Journal of Psychology 63, no. 3 (September 2004): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185.63.3.173.

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The present study examined the effect of the spatial configuration of local signals on motion integration across space. The perceived coherency was measured in different configurations of apertures and combinations of motion directions. The results showed the following. (1) Motion integration across separate apertures is affected by the spatial configuration of the apertures. The perceived coherency was highest when the apertures were arranged symmetrically with respect to the coherent direction. (2) Though the spatial configuration of apertures are the same, the assignment of each local motion to each apertures has an effect, and converging local motions are integrated more than diverging local motions. (3) There is a limit to the direction difference of local motions. These results suggest that the spatial structure of global motion behind apertures has a considerable effect on the integration of local motions in apertures.

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Saidpour, Asad, Myron L. Braunstein, and Donald D. Hoffman. "Interpolation in structure from motion." Perception & Psychophysics 51, no. 2 (March 1992): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03212235.

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Jebara, T., A. Azarbayejani, and A. Pentland. "3D structure from 2D motion." IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 16, no. 3 (May 1999): 66–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/79.768574.

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Dani, A. P., N. R. Fischer, and W. E. Dixon. "Single Camera Structure and Motion." IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 57, no. 1 (January 2012): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tac.2011.2162890.

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Weng, J., N. Ahuja, and T. S. Huang. "Optimal motion and structure estimation." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 15, no. 9 (1993): 864–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/34.232074.

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Richards, Whitman. "Structure from stereo and motion." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 2, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.2.000343.

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Brito, José Henrique. "Autocalibration for Structure from Motion." Computer Vision and Image Understanding 157 (April 2017): 240–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2016.12.007.

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Makadia, Ameesh, Christopher Geyer, and Kostas Daniilidis. "Correspondence-free Structure from Motion." International Journal of Computer Vision 75, no. 3 (February 1, 2007): 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-007-0035-2.

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Ross, David A., Daniel Tarlow, and Richard S. Zemel. "Learning Articulated Structure and Motion." International Journal of Computer Vision 88, no. 2 (March 2, 2010): 214–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-010-0325-y.

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Yan, Yichao, Bingbing Ni, Wendong Zhang, Jingwei Xu, and Xiaokang Yang. "Structure-Constrained Motion Sequence Generation." IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 21, no. 7 (July 2019): 1799–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmm.2018.2885235.

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Wang, Hongwei, Mingming Jia, Yanwu Yao, Xueliang Chen, and Zirong Zhang. "Influence of the Vertical Component of Yangbi Ground Motion on the Dynamic Response of RC Frame and Brick-Concrete Structure." Buildings 13, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010147.

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An earthquake of magnitude 6.4 occurred in Yangbi County, Yunnan Province on 21 May 2021, with a focal depth of 8 km, and strong ground motion with vertical components was monitored by Yangbi station (53YBX). A total of 14,122 houses were damaged in Yangbi in the earthquake, and 232 of them collapsed. Vertical components of ground motions have been gained more attention for its effect on structure’s seismic response in epicenter or near-fault regions at present. Taking the three earthquake ground motions of Yangbi, Chi-Chi, and Loma Prieta as inputs, and modeling based on Perform-3D, this research carried out the seismic dynamic time history analysis of an RC (reinforced concrete) frame structure and a brick-concrete structure under both horizontal and vertical working conditions. The results showed that vertical components of the three ground motions had no evident impact on the top horizontal displacement and acceleration of the two types of structures. Among the three ground motions, the vertical component of Yangbi ground motion has largely influenced the top vertical displacement, acceleration, and axial force of the frame column bottom (or masonry wall bottom). The vertical component had different amplification effects on the axial pressure and the bending moment of a single column at the bottom of the RC frame structure, thus causing resonance amplification effect of the brick-concrete structure floors and amplifying the vertical acceleration of the top floor. In addition, it considerably increase the maximum axial tensile strain of masonry walls and the possibility of faster tensile failure of the brick-concrete structure. Influence of vertical ground motion on the bearing capacity of RC frame structure’s columns and the brick-concrete structure’s masonry walls should not be ignored. The results of the research may provide a reference for the earthquake-resistant design of building structures, especially the earthquake-resistant design considering the vertical seismic effect.

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Kimura, Yuichiro, Hideyuki Niizato, Kyouichi Nakayasu, Tomohiro Yasuda, Nobuhito Mori, and Hajime Mase. "NUMERICAL MODEL FOR FLAP-GATE RESPONSE TO TSUNAMI AND ITS VERIFICATION BY HYDRAULIC EXPERIMENTS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 29, 2011): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.structures.21.

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A flap-gate breakwater is a new type structure for coastal disaster reduction against tsunamis and storm surges. The breakwater usually lies down on the seabed and rises up as a seawall with its buoyancy when tsunami or storm surge occurs. In our previous experimental studies, wave blocking capabilities of the flap-gate against tsunamis were confirmed, and the characteristics of the gate motion and wave pressure have been clarified changing wave condition. Present study develops a numerical model considering fluid-body interactions for the flap-gate and validation of the numerical model is conducted. The numerical model consists of combining the overset grid method and level set method for solving both flap-gate motions and free surface water motions accurately. It is shown that the developed numerical model gives accurate predictions of flap-gate motions against hydraulic model experiments.

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Kamisato, Shihoko, Satoru Odo, Yoshino Ishikawa, and Kiyoshi Hoshino. "Extraction of Motion Characteristics Corresponding to Sensitivity Information Using Dance Movement." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 8, no. 2 (March 20, 2004): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2004.p0168.

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This study is intended to quantitatively clarify the relationship between the motion characteristics behind the human motion in complicated motions like dancing and the subjective impressions of the observer. It examines the impression structures related to the motion of a determined body part of dancing and considers the motion characteristics giving a specific impression. To compare and consider the impression structures related to the motion of a body part, the authors made a principal component analysis, one of the multi-variable analytic methods, to check the arm and leg motions for any differences in the impression structure. Similarly, they considered any differences in the impression structures due to the experience knowledge of dance. Next, to consider any differences in the physical features that have effect on the impressions, they quantified the motion characteristics and used a heavy regression analysis to estimate the common motion characteristics that give the same impressions. In addition, they used the characteristics of the legs that are parts of the motion presumed to have the relationship with the impressions to reproduce the motion with CG for the consideration of these impressions. As a result, when the impressions of the arm and leg motions were compared, four impression evaluation axes of "like-dislike," "dynamic-static," "individual-monotonous," and "collected-wide" were extracted as the axes that evaluated the same impressions, but the impressions of "hard-soft" and "heavy-light" were extracted only from those of each arm or leg motion. When the evaluation axes of the impressions were compared between groups with differences in the knowledge of dance, five similar evaluation axes were extracted for each of them and there was no big difference in the impression structures themselves, but significant differences were found for the evaluation of impressions between the words used for the sensitivity evaluation in difference in knowledge. Attention was paid to the characteristics of the motion generating each impression to show the relationship between motion characteristics and subjective impressions.

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Xing, Siyuan, and Albert C. J. Luo. "On an origami structure of period-1 motions to homoclinic orbits in the Rössler system." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32, no. 12 (December 2022): 123121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0131970.

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In this paper, an origami structure of period-1 motions to spiral homoclinic orbits in parameter space is presented for the Rössler system. The edge folds of the origami structure are generated by the saddle-node bifurcations. For each edge, there are two layers to form the origami structure. On one layer of the origami structure, there is a pair of period-doubling bifurcations inducing periodic motions from period-1 to period-2 n motions [Formula: see text]. On such a layer, the unstable period-1 motion goes to the homoclinic orbits with a mapping eigenvalue approaching negative infinity. However, on the corresponding adjacent layers, no period-doubling bifurcations exist, and the unstable period-1 motion goes to the homoclinic orbit with a mapping eigenvalue approaching positive infinity. To determine the origami structure of the period-1 motions to homoclinic orbits, the implicit map of the Rössler system is developed through the discretization of the corresponding differential equations. The Poincaré mapping section can be selected arbitrarily. Before construction of the origami structure, the bifurcation diagram of periodic motions varying with one parameter is developed, and trajectories of stable periodic motions on the bifurcation diagram to homoclinic orbits are illustrated. Finally, the origami structures of period-1 motions to homoclinic orbits are developed through a few layers. This study provides the mathematical mechanisms of period-1 motions to homoclinic orbits, which help one better understand the complexity of periodic motions near the corresponding homoclinic orbit. There are two types of infinitely many homoclinic orbits in the Rössler system, and the corresponding mapping structures of the homoclinic orbits possess positive and negative infinity large eigenvalues. Such infinitely many homoclinic orbits are induced through unstable periodic motions with positive and negative eigenvalues accordingly.

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Wei, Wenhui, Aoxiong Dai, Yong-Lin Pi, and Mark Andrew Bradford. "Investigations on the Seismic Responses of Structures with a Suspended Mass." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 16, no. 02 (February 25, 2016): 1550066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455415500662.

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This paper presents the shaking table tests and an analytical study of structures with a suspended mass under coupled horizontal and tilting ground motions (CHT) caused by an earthquake. Shaking table tests of a 1:10 scaled model for a converter valve hall with a suspended mass in a high-voltage direct current electric power transmission station are carried out. The equations of motion for the structure, including the influence of the rotary inertia of the suspended mass, are derived. The responses of the model to different ground motions during an earthquake are investigated. It is found that the tilting ground motion plays a significant role in predicting the seismic response of the structure, and it needs to be considered in association with the horizontal ground motion. The response of the structure with a suspended mass to CHT ground motion is much larger than that to horizontal ground motion. The possibility of replacing the steel cables with springs as the suspending components is also investigated, and the spring is shown not to influence the acceleration and displacement responses greatly, but it significantly reduces the tension in the suspending components. Therefore, when a suspended mass is used as a mass-pendulum mitigation system, it is more advantageous to use springs or members having a low axial rigidity as the suspending components. In addition, the effects of the length of the cables and springs on the seismic response of the model with a suspended mass are also explored. It is found that the shorter the cables (or springs), the better the mitigation effects of the suspended mass on the main structure.

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Oh, Dong Hyeon, and Gil Ho Yoon. "A Study of Longitudinal Waveguide with Band Gap Using Cylindrical and Conical Shape Periodic Structure." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 6, 2021): 7257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167257.

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This research presents the theoretical and experimental studies for cylindrical and conical periodic structures to control longitudinal wave motion. Many relevant researches exist to stop and pass a certain frequency wave without active devices with periodic structures called metamaterials. To modify or control longitudinal wave propagation, i.e., passing or blocking mechanical wave within specific frequency ranges, repeated mass-spring systems or metamaterials can be applied. By integrating a few identical structural components to form a whole structure, it is possible to make a mechanical filter for wave propagation. Most studies rely on straight bar with cylindrical structure. Thus, with a unit cell that have a cylindrical and conical structure, this research presents the extensions toward the studies of the wave motions for straight and curved bars with finite element simulations and experiment studies. The results show that the hybrid cylindrical and conical periodic structures can be effective in terms of wave motion control and stiffness.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Structure- Motion'

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