Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Structure des modèles'
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Fernandez, Miguel Angel. "Modèles simplifiés d'interaction fluide-structure." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001954.
Full textFernandez, Varela Miguel Angel. "Modèles simplifiés d'interaction fluide-structure." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090057.
Full textThe aim of this work is the linear stability analysis of fluid-structure interaction systems. We have developed a linearization method that allow us to derive mathematically the so-called transpiration interface conditions, and to provide a linear fluid-structure interaction problem involving this kind of interface conditions. This tool has been applied to a ``Linearisation Principle'' approach. Then, the linear stability problem can be reduced to the analysis of a coupled spectral problem. We prove that its eigenvalues can be obtained as the characteristic values of a specific compact operator. We propose a finite element discretization for this spectral problem leading to a generalised eigenvalue problem. The numerical computation of the smallest real part eigenvalues is performed by combining a IRAM (Implicit Restarted Arnoldi Method) and a generalised Cayley transform. The numerical results point out the robustness of the proposed linearization-transpiration approach for the instabilities detection in fluid-structure interaction systems
Vergnaud, Eric. "Structure et exploitation d'un modèle macroéconomique trimestriel." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010027.
Full textFeng, Lu. "Connexion entre modèles dynamiques de communautés végétales et modèles architecture-fonction – cas du modèle GreenLab." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20190/document.
Full textPlant architecture implies the development of both topological and geometrical structure over time, which determines resource acquisition, in the meantime interacts with physiological processes. However it has long been overlooked in traditional community dynamics models. Based on plant architecture, functional-structural plant models (FSPM) have showed their particular capability in addressing questions like interactions between plant and environment (e.g. light interception), between structure development and growth (e.g. carbon allocation), as they take into account morphogenesis with organ-level explicit descriptions. Anyway, high demand of time and memory for simulation and inverse calculation prevents FSPM from further agricultural or sylvicultural practice. This thesis attempts the combination of a mathematic FSPM GreenLab and a crop model or an empirical forest model (EFM) to introduce individual-based architectural support for community growth study. In the case of maize, disagreement from stand level (by crop model PILOTE) and individual level (by GreenLab) growth simulations implies different emergence time of individuals, which is used to quantify the distribution. By supposing that theoretical projective area (Sp) is determined by the growth situation and the final size of individual architecture, the variance of Sp is reversely computed with the variance of organ compartment measurements to characterize individual variability. In the case of Black pine, architecture dynamics built in GreenLab according to Rauh's model (architecture model for pine tree) are adapted to the simulation of an EFM PNN. As a consequence, thinning scenarios are well incorporated in the final stand visualization. From these preliminary applications, following conclusions can be drawn: (i) FSPM is able to provide individual performances (i.e. organ development and expansion) inside an area of crop field for crop models. (ii) The crop model may regulate the combined form of individuals from integral level. Both aspects are significant to deepen understanding of stand growth. (iii) Architecture conceptions integrated in FSPM may be adapted to EFM simulations for a data-driven visualization. (iv) EFM can guarantee ecological/sylvicultural function for 3D stand visualization. To take into consideration biomass processes, additional observations are needed. As models are independent in combinations, the same methods can be extended to linkage with other stand models
Montauban, Jean Gabriel. "Structure et résolution des modèles multinationaux." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010019.
Full textDurand, Jean-Baptiste. "Modèles à structure cachée : inférence, estimation, sélection de modèles et applications." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002754v3.
Full textPitilakis, Dimitris. "Soil-structure interaction modeling using equivalent linear soil behavior in the substructure method." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ECAP1067.
Full textA numerical procedure, coded into a numerical code (MISS3D-EqL), is developed to accommodate for the effects of the nonlinear soil behavior on the soil-structure interaction (SSI) using an equivalent linear approach. Equivalent linear behavior is assumed for the soil, while the response of the structure to the ground shaking and its effects on the soil are properly taken into account using the substructure method. The proposed procedure is validated against other numerical software and experimental means, such as shaking table and centrifuge tests. The effects of the equivalent linear soil behavior on the soil-structure system response are clearly demonstrated by analyses of representative case studies. A recursive analysis of typical soil profiles and infrastructures is performed to reveal the further softening of the system and the increased energy dissipation, compared to the linear case, due to the equivalent linear soil behavior. Special emphasis is given to the estimation of the foundation dynamic impedance functions. Dynamic stiffness and radiation dashpot coefficients are estimated for typical footings resting on typical soil profiles with equivalent linear behavior. The effects of the nonlinear soil behavior on the dynamic coefficient are shown compared to the linear elastic case. The dynamic stiffness coefficient decreases with increasing input acceleration amplitude, with decreasing soil shear wave velocity and with decreasing soil shear modulus, while it depends on the frequency content of the earthquake. The radiation dashpot coefficient is unaffected by the nonlinear soil behavior for most practical applications
Ndiaye, Moctar. "Stabilisation et simulation de modèles d'interaction fluide-structure." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30323/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study the stabilization of fluid-structure interaction models by finite dimensional controls acting at the boundary of the fluid domain. The fluid flow is described by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations while the displacement of the structure, localized at the boundary of the fluid domain, satisfies a damped Euler-Bernoulli beam equation. First, we study the case where the control is a Dirichlet boundary condition in the fluid equations (control by suction/blowing). We obtain local feedback stabilization results around an unstable stationary solution of this system. Chapters 2 and 3 are devoted to the case where control is a force applied to the structure (control by boundary deformation). We consider, in chapter 2, a simplified model where the Euler-Bernoulli equation for the structure is replaced by a system of finite dimension. We construct feedback control laws for the infinite dimensional systems, or for their semi-discrete approximations, able to stabilize the linearized systems with a prescribed exponential decay rate, and locally the nonlinear systems. We present some numerical results showing the efficiency of the feedback laws
Taherzadeh, Reza. "Seismic soil-pile group-structure interaction." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECAP1096.
Full textDespite the significant progress in simple engineering design of surface footing with considering the soil-structure interaction (SSI), there is still a need of the same procedure for the pile group foundation. The main approach to solve this strongly coupled problem is the use of full numerical models, taking into account the soil and the piles with equal rigor. This is however a computationally very demanding approach, in particular for large numbers of piles. The originality of this thesis is using an advanced numerical method with coupling the existing software MISS3D based on boundary element (BE), green's function for the stratified infinite visco-elastic soil and the matlab toolbox SDT based on finite element (FE) method to modeling the foundation and the superstructure. After the validation of this numerical approach with the other numerical results published in the literature, the leading parameters affecting the impedance and the kinematic interaction have been identified. Simple formulations have then been derived for the dynamic stiffness matrices of pile groups foundation subjected to horizontal and rocking dynamic loads for both floating piles in homogeneous half-space and end-bearing piles. These formulations were found using a large data base of impedance matrix computed by numerical FE-BE model. These simple approaches have been validated in a practical case. A modified spectral response is then proposed with considering the soil-structure interaction effect
Cotfas, Nicolae. "Modèles mathématiques pour cristaux et quasicristauxX." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0130.
Full textInoubli, Rabi. "Synthèse, structure et propriétés viscoélastiques de polymères chargés modèles." Pau, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PAUU3020.
Full textThe linear viscoelastic properties of dispersed systems such as filled polymers are still poorly understood, because of a lack of theoretical knowledge about the role of interactions between particles of the dispersed phase. The aim of this work is to investigate the structure/properties relationship of polybutylacrylate filled with grafted silica particles. The method used to synthesize the silica grafted particles (coupling between techniques of “grafting from” and “controlled radical polymerization”) allows to vary the length, density and molecular topology of the grafted polybutylacrylate layer. We are thus able to study model filled polymers, and more particularly the influence of steric interactions between particles on the linear viscoelastic behavior. We first investigated the link between steric interactions, volume fraction of silica, and the spatial organization of the particles in the matrix. SANS experiments clearly show a transition between low volume fractions, were no correlations between individual particles can be detected, and high volume fractions (4%), were a structure factor is measured, showing a spatial organization of the particles. We correlated these results to spectromechanic experiments on the same systems. We show a liquid-to-solid transition for volume fractions of the same order of magnitude as the one measured by SANS. This study on a model filled polymer shows that there are only steric interactions in this system. Particles have a hard sphère behavior and the liquide-solide transition is due to the interpenetrating of grafted polymer extern part
Gauzens, Benoit. "Structure et fonctionnalité des réseaux trophiques : modèles et méthodes." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066298.
Full textBodgi, Joanna. "Synchronisation piétons-structure : Application aux vibrations des passerelles souples." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004784.
Full textZambon, Adrien. "Modèles chimiques du nitrure de carbone graphitique : lien structure-propriétés." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAV024/document.
Full textGraphitic carbon nitride (gCN) is an organic semi-conductor which has lately attracted a lot of attention when its photocatalytic properties were highlighted for water splitting. It has been recently shown to be based on the heptazine core, but its three-dimensional structure remains elusive. This is first due to its poor solubility which prevents the use of classical characterization techniques, and second to the fact that changes in synthesis experimental conditions (precursors, temperature…) yield different materials. The synthesis of tailored and well-defined molecular models would therefore certainly be of great interest to better understand the structure-properties relationship of this material. This is the aim of the work presented in this manuscript. The reactivity of cyameluryl chloride, a monomeric precursor, has been studied, and a protocol for a quantitative selective substitution by aliphatic secondary amines has been determined. The use of deprotonation by a strong base or thermal treatment yielded two dimers and one linear trimer. The oligomers have been characterized by several technique (X-ray diffraction, NMR, IR, UV-vis absorption, emission, electrochemistry), and the obtained data were in close agreement to the ones observed in DFT. As a rule of thumb, a decrease of the electronic transition energies is observed for an increasing chain length. The application of extrapolation methods to the experimental data suggests that oligomers are relevant molecular models for gCN
Merval, Antoine. "Application des modèles réduits à l'optimisation multiniveaux d'une structure aéronautique." Toulouse, ISAE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ESAE0015.
Full textCaprion, Didier. "Etude de verres modèles par dynamique moléculaire : structure et dynamique." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20086.
Full textThoraval, Catherine. "Modèles dynamiques de géoïde et structure de la convection mantellique." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30050.
Full textAlilou, El Houssine. "Synthèse et structure de complexes modèles de monooxygenases à cuivre." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30027.
Full textMarin, Jean-Michel. "Statistiques des modèles à structure de covariance bande-diagonale linéaire." Toulouse 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU30123.
Full textTaly, Jean-François. "Evaluation de la structure des modèles de protéines par dynamique moléculaire." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077138.
Full textIn this study we monitor different protein structural properties along molecular dynamics (MD) trajectories to discriminate correct from erroneous models. These models are based on the sequence-structure alignments provided by our fold recognition method, FROST. We define correct models as being built from alignments of sequences with structures similar to their native structures and erroneous models from alignments of sequences with structures unrelated to their native structures. We built a set of models intended to cover the whole spectrum: from a perfect model, i. E. , the native structure, to a very poor model, i. E. , a random alignment of the test sequence with a structure belonging to another structural class, including several intermediate models based on fold recognition alignments. We submitted these models to 11 ns of MD simulations at 3 different temperatures. We monitored along the corresponding trajectories the mean of the Root-Mean-Square deviations (RMSd) with respect to the initial conformation, the RMSd fluctuations, the number of conformation clusters, the evolution of secondary structures, and new statistical potential scores based on atomic interaction surface areas. None of these criteria alone is 100% efficient in discriminating correct from erroneous models. However if we consider these criteria in combination it is straightforward to discriminate thé two types of models. The ability of discriminating correct from erroneous models allows us to improve the specificity and sensitivity of our fold recognition method for a number of ambiguous cases
Estienne, Jacques. "Des halogènes dans les édifices moléculaires étioniques : études cristallographiques, corrélations structure-réactivité, structure-conductivité, modèles structuraux." Aix-Marseille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX11001.
Full textDelhomme, Fabien. "Etude du comportement sous impact d'une structure pare-blocs en béton armé." Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS004.
Full textThis thesis studies the behaviour of a new concept for a protection gallery under rock fall, called Structurally Dissipating Rock-shed (SDR). The main innovation, compared to conventional solutions, is to dissipate the impact energy directly into the reinforced concrete slab or into fuse supports, and no longer in a cushion layer. The dynamic phenomena, taking place during the impact of a block onto the slab, are analyzed by means of experiments on a 1/3 scale SDR structure. The percussion loads applied to the slab, during the contact phase with the block, are assessed as weIl as the various energy transfers and dissipations. The results allowed to validate the operating and repair principles of the SDR and revealed that the slab is damaged by three main mechanisms: the punching, the bending and the breaking clown at surface level of the impacted zone. The principal experimental values are found by numerical simulations of the tests with a finite elements tool. A simplified mechanical model "masses-springs-damping" is also developed with the aim of implementing design methods for engineering offices. The prospects for this work are to succeed in establishing design and construction recommendations for structurally dissipating rock-sheds
Latouche, Pierre. "Modèles de graphes aléatoires à structure cachée pour l'analyse des réseaux." Phd thesis, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00623088.
Full textRoger, Gaëlle. "Structure et dynamique de substances humiques et polyélectrolytes modèles en solution." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00531539.
Full textCottereau, Régis. "Modèles probabilistes de matrices d'impédance. Application à l'interaction dynamique sol-structure." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00132950.
Full textOn propose donc dans cette thèse un modèle probabiliste des matrices d'impédance, qui généralise l'approche non-paramétrique proposée récemment par Soize pour les prédictions des vibrations de structures aléatoires. La construction de ce modèle probabiliste nécessite tout d'abord la construction d'un modèle déterministe approché, dit à variables cachées, des matrices d'impédance suivant leurs propriétés de base, dont, notamment, la causalité. Ce modèle doit être identifié à partir de calculs numériques ou de mesures, et la procédure d'identification est également developpée dans le cadre de la thèse.
Deux applications sont proposées. Le modèle non-paramétrique de matrice d'impédance est d'abord comparé, sur un cas simple d'interaction dynamique sol-structure, à un modèle paramétrique pour illustrer les principales différences entre les approches. Ensuite, un cas plus industriel de dimensionnement sismique permet d'envisager l'utilisation pratique du modèle probabiliste non-paramétrique.
Channarond, Antoine. "Recherche de structure dans un graphe aléatoire : modèles à espace latent." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112338/document.
Full text.This thesis addresses the clustering of the nodes of a graph, in the framework of randommodels with latent variables. To each node i is allocated an unobserved (latent) variable Zi and the probability of nodes i and j being connected depends conditionally on Zi and Zj . Unlike Erdos-Renyi's model, connections are not independent identically distributed; the latent variables rule the connection distribution of the nodes. These models are thus heterogeneous and their structure is fully described by the latent variables and their distribution. Hence we aim at infering them from the graph, which the only observed data.In both original works of this thesis, we propose consistent inference methods with a computational cost no more than linear with respect to the number of nodes or edges, so that large graphs can be processed in a reasonable time. They both are based on a study of the distribution of the degrees, which are normalized in a convenient way for the model.The first work deals with the Stochastic Blockmodel. We show the consistency of an unsupervised classiffcation algorithm using concentration inequalities. We deduce from it a parametric estimation method, a model selection method for the number of latent classes, and a clustering test (testing whether there is one cluster or more), which are all proved to be consistent. In the second work, the latent variables are positions in the ℝd space, having a density f. The connection probability depends on the distance between the node positions. The clusters are defined as connected components of some level set of f. The goal is to estimate the number of such clusters from the observed graph only. We estimate the density at the latent positions of the nodes with their degree, which allows to establish a link between clusters and connected components of some subgraphs of the observed graph, obtained by removing low degree nodes. In particular, we thus derive an estimator of the cluster number and we also show the consistency in some sense
Sinton, Antoine. "Modèles probabilistes avec structure spatiale en physique statistique et en informatique." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066690.
Full textBinsztok, Henri. "Apprentissage de modèles Markoviens pour l'analyse de séquences." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066568.
Full textInitially, Machine Learning allowed to learn models from labeled data. But, for numerous tasks, notably for the task of user modeling, if the available quantity of data is potentially without limit, the quantity of labeled data is almost nonexistent. Within the framework of this thesis, we are interested in the unsupervised learning of sequence models. The information of sequence constitutes the first level of structured data, where the data are no more simple vectors of characteristics. We propose approaches that we apply to the automatic learning of Hidden Markov Models ( HMMs) and Hierarchical HMMs (HHMMs). Our purpose is to learn simultaneously the structure and the parameters of these Markovian Models, to minimize the quantity of prior information necessary to learn them
Hamrani, Aïssa. "Correction paramétrique de modèles structuraux : Localisation des sous structures présentant des défauts dominants de modélisation." Besançon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BESA2027.
Full textHalabi, Amira. "Formules infantiles modèles : relation entre structures protéiques et comportement en digestion." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NSARB340.
Full textThe heat treatments applied during the manufacture of infant milk formulas (IMFs) may alter the protein structures and so their behaviour during digestion. The aim of this PhD project was to study the relationship between protein structure within model IMFs and their behaviour during in vitro digestion.Three model IMFs were formulated, differing only in their whey protein (WP) profile to be as close as possible to the protein profile of human milk. The IMFs, with different dry matter contents and therefore protein concentration (1.3% or 5.5%), were heat-treated between 67.5°C and 80°C. The kinetics of heat-induced WP denaturation were studied, then the protein structures generated were characterised for an identical extent of WP denaturation (65%). The kinetics of protein hydrolysis were evaluated using static then dynamic in vitro digestion methods at the infant stage.The results showed that the denaturation kinetics of WPs were slowed down for IMF close to human milk, due to the absence of ß-LG, regardless of the dry matter content. For an identical extent of WP denaturation, the heat-induced protein structures varied according to the protein profile, the dry matter of IMFs, and the heating conditions, which ultimately impacted the protein behaviour during in vitro digestion.The protein structure could therefore be a lever for the IMF optimisation. These results must be complemented by the evaluation of the physiological impact of these different structures
Dhenin, Valérie. "Modélisation du processus de cristallisation des polyéthylènes : corrélation structure-propriété." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30075.
Full textRapelanoro, Rabenja Hériony. "Structure temporelle et stochastique : monnaie et équilibre dans les modèles à génération." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0109.
Full textThe principal aim of this work is to develop an aspect of intertemporal model affected by uncertainity denoted "stochastic overlapping generation model. This extendes to infinite the discrete time period and hence states, identified as a "date-event" and eventualy the date of birth for some individuals. In first time, we develop the evolution process of the stochastic structure which there the "date-event" is an essential framework. This consideration is used by radner (1982), scmachtenberg (1988). To simplify the exposition, we assume that each consummer leaves in a number finite of dates or states which develop many markets contingents. For preserving the equilibrium in the differentes states, money is used, this permits to conserve values and to transfer her to a state to another. Secondly, we consider a deterministe formalisation of the intertemporel structure of the model with exchanges that money intervenes or not. This chapter permit to prove the existence of an equilibrium an adopting some assumptions wich defines this model as a version of okuno-zilicha (1981) model. Without stricte quasi-concavity of the utility fonction, but with strict monotony of preference and strict positivity of initial resource, we can assume the recouvrement of generation. Equilibrium existence can be proved with proceding on two stages. The stochastic structure of the problem is introduit by the processus of "event-date" influe the comodities, the initial endowment, the transfers and the individuals preferences or utilities. In this model, equilibrium is obtained where we suppose that exogene monetary system price do not permit no arbitrage
Cuenot, Bénédicte. "Étude asymptotique et numérique de la structure des flammes de diffusion laminaires et turbulentes." Toulouse, INPT, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPT001H.
Full textYou, Valérie. "Structure de l'hémocyanine de la seiche sepia officinalis." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR3805.
Full textMartin, Juliette. "Prédiction de la structure locale des protéines par des modèles de chaîne de Markov cachées." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA077154.
Full textLarcher, Anthony. "Modèles acoustiques à structure temporelle renforcée pour la vérification du locuteur embarquée." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00453645.
Full textBousige, Colin. "Structure et dynamique de systèmes unidimensionnels modèles : les nano-peapods de carbone." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771820.
Full textLachance, Bernard. "Développement d'une structure topologique de données 3D pour l'analyse de modèles géologiques." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22501/22501.pdf.
Full textLiberge, Erwan. "Réduction de modèles par POD-Galerkin pour les problèmes d'interaction fluide-structure." La Rochelle, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LAROS225.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is a contribution of Reduced order modelisation for Fluid-Structure interaction problems. The chosen method method of this thesis is the the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD), since it had already been sucessfully applied in fluid mechanics. First, the POD and it principal results are presented in fluid mechanics context. This results are illustrated on the Burgers equation and a fluid flow at low reynolds around a cylinder. The Biorthogonal decomposition has also been tested and gave the same results as the POD. The POD has been also applied for structures in vibration. Next, the POD application for fluid structure interaction problem has been studied. The complexity of this subject area is due to the fact that the POD basis is spatial and the domain are moving. The proposed solution consists in using a reference fixe domain, which contains all the time variant domain, and the POD basis has been computed for the global (fluid and solid) velocity field obtained on this reference domain. Next, a low order dynamical system using POD modes for fluid solid rigid interaction problem has been presented. The low order dynamical system has been established using a multiphasic formulation. This method has been tested with succes on a one dimensional case and three bidimensional example. The first bidimensionel example considers a fluid velocity field less than the solid velocity field , the second a low Reynolds number and the last a high Reynolds number for the fluid velocity field
Ben, Rhouma Takoua. "Composition des modèles de lignes de produits logiciels." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112299/document.
Full textThe Software Product Line (SPL) engineering aims at modeling and developing a set of software systems with similarities rather than individual software systems. Modeling task can be, however, tedious or even infeasible for large scale and complex SPLs. To address such a problem, the modeling task is distributed among different stakeholders. At the end, the models separately developed have to be composed in order to obtain the global SPL model. Composing SPL models is not a trivial task; variability information of model elements has to be treated during the composition, as well as the variability constraints. Similarly, the model structure and the composition semantics are key points that have to be considered during the composition. This thesis aims at providing specific mechanisms to compose SPL models. Therefore, we propose two composition mechanisms: the merge and the aggregation mechanisms. The merge mechanism aims at combining models including structural similarities. The aggregation mechanism, however, intends to compose models without any structural similarity but having eventual constraints across their structural elements. We focus on UML composite structures of SPLs and use specific annotations to identify variable elements. Our composition mechanisms deal with the variability information of structural elements, the variability constraints associated with the variable elements as well as the structures of the manipulated models. We also specify a set of semantic properties that have to be considered during the composition process and show how to preserve them. At the end, we have carried out an assessment of the proposals and have showed their ability to compose SPL models in a reasonable time. We have also showed how model consolidation is important in reducing le number of products having incomplete structure
Aleveque, Olivier. "Immobilisation de dérivés aminoxyles : relations structure/propriétés et structure/réactivé vis-à-vis de l'électrocatalyse." Angers, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ANGE0016.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is included in an actual scientific approach and it is structured around these two questions : can we transpose the properties and the reactivity of a molecule from the solution to a material like a self-assembled monolayer ? Does the reactivity depend on the self-assembled monolayer organization ? In this context, a model system was developed, consisting of a gold surface functionalized by a self-assembled monolayer of nitroxyl radicals. The work presented in this thesis shows, firstly, that electrochemical properties and the reactivity of radicals in solution can be transposed to a self-assembled monolayer. Secondly, this work led to the development of an electrochemical methodology and an algebraic model to access to the organization of the immobilized electroactive species. Finally, these structure/properties relationships were used to determine structure/reactivity relationships evaluated through the electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols
Couve, Joël. "Synthèse et caractérisation de copolymères à structure complexe." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20249.
Full textForni, Olivier. "Évolution géologique et structure interne de Ganymède." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112344.
Full textGanymede is the fourth solid body of the Solar System by its size. It consists in an ice-silicates mixture and its surface shows two types of terrains : dark cratered terrains (+/- 4 Gy) and less cratered bright terrains (+/- 3. 5 Gy). The first one presents linear features showing a graben morphology : "the furrows". These features cannot be related to a giant impact crater as proposed earlier but are probably the consequence of a silicate core formation that produced an overall expansion responsible for the formation of these structures. The bright terrains show a complex organization of "grooves". They seem to be related to a superficial low viscosity state emplacement and not to an important tectonics. So, they are more relevant to magmatic flooding related with internal heating that reaches the H₂O-NH₃ eutectic temperature. The partial melting liquid produced is lighter than ice and thus expands at the surface. Nevertheless, some problems remain : 1 - The heating rate production has always been given a chonditric value. Many observations do not find any corresponding to this value. 2 - Why does the oldest surface appear at least several hundreds million years after the satellite's formation ? 3 - Why is the geometry of the bright terrains organized around a great circle going through the centers of the jovian and anti-jovian hemispheres ? 4 - How can we explain the complexity of the grooves geometry and morphology ?
Dawa, Hazem. "Modélisation surfacique par voxels d'une structure osseuse. Application à la simulation d'ostéotomies faciales." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30080.
Full textGuffon, Séverine. "Modélisation et commandes à structure variable de filtres actifs de puissance." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0051.
Full textBernier, Annie. "Modèles cognitifs d'attachement : structure et implications pour l'ajustement et le tutorat au collégial." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ57955.pdf.
Full textBerrod, Quentin. "Relation structure - transport dans des membranes et matériaux modèles pour pile à combustible." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00981913.
Full textGarel, Erwan. "Structure et tectonique des dorsales océaniques en dôme : approche cartographique et modèles analogiques." Brest, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BRES2038.
Full textGasse, Maxime. "Apprentissage de Structure de Modèles Graphiques Probabilistes : application à la Classification Multi-Label." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1003/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we address the specific problem of probabilistic graphical model structure learning, that is, finding the most efficient structure to represent a probability distribution, given only a sample set D ∼ p(v). In the first part, we review the main families of probabilistic graphical models from the literature, from the most common (directed, undirected) to the most advanced ones (chained, mixed etc.). Then we study particularly the problem of learning the structure of directed graphs (Bayesian networks), and we propose a new hybrid structure learning method, H2PC (Hybrid Hybrid Parents and Children), which combines a constraint-based approach (statistical independence tests) with a score-based approach (posterior probability of the structure). In the second part, we address the multi-label classification problem, which aims at assigning a set of categories (binary vector y P (0, 1)m) to a given object (vector x P Rd). In this context, probabilistic graphical models provide convenient means of encoding p(y|x), particularly for the purpose of minimizing general loss functions. We review the main approaches based on PGMs for multi-label classification (Probabilistic Classifier Chain, Conditional Dependency Network, Bayesian Network Classifier, Conditional Random Field, Sum-Product Network), and propose a generic approach inspired from constraint-based structure learning methods to identify the unique partition of the label set into irreducible label factors (ILFs), that is, the irreducible factorization of p(y|x) into disjoint marginal distributions. We establish several theoretical results to characterize the ILFs based on the compositional graphoid axioms, and obtain three generic procedures under various assumptions about the conditional independence properties of the joint distribution p(x, y). Our conclusions are supported by carefully designed multi-label classification experiments, under the F-loss and the zero-one loss functions
BENNIS, FOUAD. "Contribution a la modelisation geometrique et dynamique des robots a structure simple et complexe." Nantes, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NANT2008.
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