Relevant bibliographies by topics / Structural stone

Academic literature on the topic 'Structural stone'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 July 2024
Last updated: 7 July 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Structural stone":

1

Xing, Zhihui, Na Wang, Li Shang, Weiwei Jia, and Bingxin Xia. "Structural design for a hybrid stone carving manipulator." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2133, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2133/1/012035.

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Abstract With people’s higher and higher requirements for environmental art, a large number of stone carving products are needed in the current urban construction. However, the traditional carving technology and equipment can not meet this demand. The development of robots to complete the processing of stone products, especially for the processing of special-shaped stones with complex shapes such as three-dimensional, multi-faceted and curved surfaces, has great social and economic benefits. In this paper, a stone carving manipulator is designed. In the processing of special-shaped curved stone, the structure of 3-TPS/TP hybrid manipulator is adopted, and its kinematic model and Jacobian matrix are established to realize the efficient automatic processing of special-shaped stone.
2

Kriswandhono, Albertus, and Dwi Yani Yuniawati Umar. "Etno-Arsitektur Umpak-Umpak Batu Tinggalan Budaya Megalitik Masa Protohistori di Lembah Behoa, Kabupaten Poso, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah." KALPATARU 31, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55981/kpt.2022.2335.

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Several structural stones were discovered during research in 1995 – 2004 in Behoa Valley that, if a line is drawn, would form a rectangular polygon with two types of stone, large and small. In 2013, researchers conducted an ethno-architectural study at three megalithic cultural heritage sites in Hanggira Village. The aim is to find out the function of these structured stones. From the results of the ethno-architecture analysis, these structured stones are umpak foundations from dwellings or residential places (Tambi) or places to store special goods or agricultural products (Buho). There is no absolute chronology in the context of the structured stones in the form of umpak foundations. However, from the age of the site, it is expected that these stone umpak foundations had been used since the beginning of the AD century (early metal period) to the protohistoric period.
3

Renker, H. J. "Stone-based structural materials." Precision Engineering 7, no. 3 (July 1985): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-6359(85)90041-8.

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Yang, Lu, Shi Min Li, Dai Heng Chen, and Zhi Min Wu. "Rolling Stones under the Action of the Numerical Simulation Research Shed Hole." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.238.

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With a rolling stone gathers tent hole structure as the prototype, using ABAQUS finite element software to simulate the rolling stones impact process with different impact, research rolling angle and speed impact tent hole structural dynamic mechanical response for rolling stone protection design, provide necessary basis. The results show that the rolling stones in different speed and incident angle of tents hole shocks on concrete protective structure of contact force ,displacement and injuries have great influence and for the rolling stones protection engineering design to provide theoretical reference.
5

Monteiro, Gabriel Pereira, Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo, and Markssuel Teixeira Marvila. "Effect of the addition of the natural and treated açaí stone in structural mortars." AIMS Materials Science 8, no. 4 (2021): 608–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2021037.

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<abstract> <p>The açaizeiro is a palm tree present on a large scale in the northern region of Brazil and in others countries, such as Colombia and Peru, its fruit constitutes one of the main forest products of great economic potential to exportation. However, a generation of large amounts of waste during its processing represents a serious environmental problem, since about 365 tons of açaí stone are discarded in landfills daily in Brazil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of using açaí stone as a substitute of 25% in mass natural sand with filler function, in the development of structural mortars with reference mixture of ratio 1:2:0.45 (cement:sand:water) and waste mixture with1:1.5:0.5:0.45 (cement:sand:açai stone:water), that both mixtures are relationship adopted for structural mortar in the literature. Three different types of mortar were made for evaluation, the reference (without adding stones) and with the addition of natural stone (without treatment and treated with NaOH). After the incorporation of the stones, consistency, water retention, incorporated air content and density in fresh mortars were analyzed, in the fresh state. For evaluation in a hardened state, cylindrical specimens (50 mm × 100 mm) were molded, for compression strength and density tests. The optimum composition was also analyzed with confocal microscopy. It can be seen that in the compression strength tests, mortars with the addition of natural and treated stone showed a reduction, decreasing from 6.25 MPa (reference), to 5.55 MPa (natural stone) and 1.89 MPa (treated stone), this showed that the natural stone mortar was above the minimum of 5.00 MPa reported in the literature. As for density, the evaluations demonstrate a beneficial effect to the incorporation of the stone, which formed lighter mortars, decreasing from 2.12 to 1.79 g/cm<sup>3</sup> in the natural composition and 1.85 g/cm<sup>3</sup> in the treated composition, in both situations with additions, the values were within the maximum limit of 2 g/cm<sup>3</sup> that the literature suggests for structural mortars. In addition, the results of water retention showed an increase in the treated composition (97.28%) in relation to the reference (95.84%), an increase characterized by the treatment in NaOH that reduced the hygroscopic characteristics of the stones, the mixture mortar with treated seed, as well as the reference, presented values above 95%, which is recommended by other studies. The evaluations show that there is a potential for specific structural applications of these mortars, since in all tests the composition with natural stone is within the ideal parameters by Brazilian standard, in addition to helping to solve the environmental impacts caused by discard this waste. As it is a mortar with low compressive strength, its application is suggested for the purpose of repairing specific structural defects that arise in the molding stage of beams, slabs and columns, located in regions with low load demand.</p> </abstract>
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Mustafaraj, Enea, Erion Luga, Marco Corradi, Antonio Borri, Ylber Muceku, and Aleksandra Zharkalli. "Physical-Mechanical Properties of Stone Masonry of Gjirokastër, Albania." Materials 14, no. 5 (February 27, 2021): 1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051127.

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In addition to reinforced concrete and steel buildings, a large part of the existing building stock in Europe is made of stone masonry. Prediction of the structural behavior requires the development of a systematic material characterization of the mechanical properties and structural details (units, arrangement, bonding, inter-connection). This study aims to analyze the mechanical and physical behavior of building stones in the historical city of Gjirokastër, Albania, known also as the Stone City. A thorough investigation of the regional stone quarries was performed, and the collected samples were cut into regular prismatic specimens for further analysis. The experimental campaign consisted of the determination of flexural strength and compressive strength, water absorption, porosity, specific gravity as well as structural analysis of the masonry material, using the MQI (Masonry Quality Index) method. The test results showed that there is a large scattering in the values of the mechanical and physical stone properties such as compressive strength varying from 20 to 115 MPa and flexural strength from 8 to 25 MPa. However, the analysis of the masonry material revealed a satisfactory structural performance, based on a frequent, systematic respect of the good construction practices (i.e., the rules of the art) in Gjirokastër.
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Hamad, Feirusha Salih. "Ancient Mesopotamian Stone Bridge: Numerical Modeling and Structural Assessment." Shock and Vibration 2022 (May 10, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4255354.

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This study aimed to investigate the stress-strain and strain energy density (SED) states of Dalal stone arch bridge in Mesopotamia. Structural modeling of ancient bridge made of natural stone has been proven reliable, and accurate results have been obtained using 3D finite elements. Based on the more applicable theories of failure, a general methodology is presented for evaluating the ringstone of the largest ellipse-shaped arch of the Dalal Bridge. The elliptical arch was built in the COMSOL Multiphysics complex using 70 3D elements to represent the number of stones used along the length of the arch in the Dalal Bridge. Therefore, to create an accurate model, the coordinates of the four nodes of each stone were entered. Then, all domains were extruded for 0.8 m in the y-axis direction, i.e., 0.8 m of the bridge width was selected for investigation. That is, tapered fields were used to represent the stones of the arch ring. Using Rankine’s, St. Venant’s, and Haigh’s theories, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of all components of the stresses and SED states are investigated. The maximum positive values of the principal stresses, σ1, σ2, and σ3, in the 3D model reach 1.4, 0.51, and 0.09 MPa, respectively, and their maximum negative values were 13, 6.8, and 3.4 MPa, respectively. The equivalent principal stresses determined via a 2D investigation did not exceed these values. Evaluating the ringstone against the maximum principal strain theory (i.e., St. Venant’s theory) reveals a safety factor of four in the existing state. Also, application of Haigh’s theory confirms the results of the previously applied approaches. Even though the safety of the arch, according to the total strain energy theory (i.e., Haigh’s approach), has been verified, a significant variation in the nonuniformity of the distribution of the SED (0.0011 J/m3–4416 J/m3) confirmed that the geometry of the investigated arch is not optimal for applied loading. The maximum value of the vertical component of the displacement is 3.4 mm, significantly lower than the allowable deflection for such an arch span.
8

Salam, Mahmood A., and Qiyao Wang. "Numerical Study on Bearing Capacity and Bulging of the Composite Stone Column." Open Civil Engineering Journal 15, no. 1 (March 17, 2021): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149502115010013.

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Background: In weak clay soil, a proper ground improvement technique using a stone column can be limited by the absence of sufficient lateral confining pressure. Stone columns should be strengthened to provide the minimum required lateral confining pressure. Objective: The aim of this study is to find out the significant improvement of the composite stone columns compared to the conventional stone columns by comparing the bearing capacity enhancement and the treated soil stiffness for both models. Composite stone columns with a solid concrete part at the top-head not only enhance the bearing capacity of the stone columns but also decrease the bulging failure and increase the surrounding soil stiffness. Methods: The 2D finite element analyses were carried out to simulate an experimental study conducted by Ambily and Gandhi on conventional stone columns. ABAQUS software program with the Mohr-Coulomb criterion for soft clay soil and stones was used in the simulation. First, a preliminary numerical model was created to simulate the experiment model. Similar material properties, boundary conditions, and constraints were considered in the preliminary model. The results were compared, and they were similar to the experimental results. During this process, the efficiency of the numerical model was confirmed. Second, the same numerical model was performed for the composite stone columns without modifying the material properties, boundary conditions, and constraints of the preliminary model. The parameters that influence the composite stone column bearing capacity as the length of the concrete part, the stress concentration ratio, and the shear strength of the surrounding soil, were all studied. Results: The data obtained from the aforesaid study was used along with ABAQUS software package. Compared to existing work, our approach achieves a significant correlation, and it indicates that the solid concrete part increases the surrounding soil stiffness, in addition to increasing the bearing capacity of the stone column. The solid concrete part resists bulging deformation by moving the bulging failure downward where the confining pressure is larger. The stress concentration ratio increases with the length of the solid concrete part. Conclusion: Composite stone columns have a significant influence on the improvement of weak clay soil and increase the bearing capacity of soil under superstructures. Furthermore, they also increase the stiffness of weak soil around the column. The magnitude of weak soil improvement by using composite stone columns is greater than conventional stone columns. Therefore, composite stone columns are more efficient and effective than conventional stone columns.
9

Boote, Scott, Mark Day, and Steve Webb. "Stone as a structural material. Part 4: Contemporary loadbearing stone buildings." Structural Engineer 98, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/fadl5301.

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Not all contemporary innovation is about exploiting digital fabrication or creating wild new forms. By applying a new way of thinking to traditional materials and craft, geometrically simple and innovative structures can be realised that are both elegant and environmentally ethical. Webb Yates, in conjunction with The Stonemasonry Company, has begun to develop a building system that would be a low-energy alternative to more common steel and concrete-framed structures. In this article, we hope to demonstrate how a creative approach to engineering design can utilise stone to exploit its inherent strengths.
10

Boote, Scott, and Alex Lynes. "Stone as a structural material. Part 3: Post-tensioned stone structures." Structural Engineer 98, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.56330/fzda2725.

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To utilise stone’s high ratio of compressive to tensile strength to maximum effect, stone structures can be compressed using tensioned cables or bars. Post-tensioned stone increases the failure load of stone in bending, but also the stiffness of a structure by reducing joint cracking. This method of construction is widely used for concrete structures, but the advantages of using similar techniques with stone are only just being realised. This article covers the reasons for post-tensioning stone, the advantages of doing so, and presents a series of projects that demonstrate the evolution and development of our expertise and understanding at Webb Yates.
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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Structural stone":

1

Blackwell, Ronald. "No stone unturned : towards the design of thin structural stone veneers /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18613.pdf.

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Ayadat, Tahar. "Collapse of stone column foundations due to inundation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1892/.

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An important problem encountered by foundation engineers involves partially saturated soils which possess considerable in-situ dry strength that is largely lost when the soils become wetted. Foundation design in such soils is difficult at best. In many cases, deep foundations may be required to transmit foundation loads to suitable bearing strata below the 'collapsible' soil deposit. This research has studied the behaviour and performance of stone columns confined and not confined by geofabrics and rigid piles, as deep foundations, in collapsible soil subjected to inundation. Laboratory tests were carried out, under controlled conditions of sand density and surcharge pressure, using six different types of foundation supports (a sand column, sand columns confined by T700, T1000, T1500 or T2000 geofabrics and a rigid pile). Each type of foundation was considered in three different lengths 250 mm, 300 mm and 410 mm. This work consisted of installing and loading 'model' foundations into a stress controlled pot containing a collapsible soil and allowing a slow rise of the water level inside it. The tests were designed to investigate the efficiency of these types of foundation supports on the improvement of the carrying capacity and on the reduction of settlement of the ground. The reduction in vertical compression of the 'piles' was also studied analytically using an analytical approach adopted and developed from models applied to soft soils. The experimental results are compared with analytical predictions. The comparisons show that the reduction in vertical compression of the 'pile' is governed by its stiffness and its length. These variables are of prime importance in the general performance of the 'pile'.
3

Fernando, Shayani Erandika. "The Machine and the Arch: Explorative Intersections in Stereotomic Practice, Structural Design and Robotic Crafting of Dry Stone Interlocking Joint Structures." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21082.

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Situated within the intersections of stereotomy (the art of cutting solids), the evolution of machine tools and structural design principles; this research investigates contemporary digital stereotomic practice, both its historical context and current contribution to the Architectural discipline. This dissertation develops modular prototypes of subtractive fabrication methods with a focus on utilising variations of osteomorphic blocks (based on Abeille’s vault) for interlocking joint systems. Interlocking assemblies in the construction industry have gained acceptance for their versatility and reduced labour costs in comparison to traditional brick and mortar methods. The ease of assembly and disassembly make using these mortar-less interlocking blocks for arched and vaulted spaces appropriate. Past methods of stereotomic practice and emerging multi-axis robotic fabrication techniques are investigated in relation to case studies of specific structural conditions. These include a novel approach towards robotic fabrication of wave jointed blocks, columns and arches, followed by beam and cantilever structures. Examining the machine generation of specific geometries of wave block modules forms a base to establish criteria for testing material outcomes. This thesis aims to highlight the value of ‘crafting’ through robotic technologies. The structural prototyping workflows, quantitative test results of failure mechanisms and contribution to historical knowledge of this thesis, can extend to the wider manufacturing industries and heritage conservation departments. Here, the implementation of the design and production workflows of interlocking self-supporting assemblies can be used to adapt past methods of traditional stone carving and assembly techniques. Further extending to the construction of spaces in extreme climates and unstable conditions where flexibility of structures is beneficial. Allowing humanity to progress further and explore new environments and habitats.
4

Banker, Catherine Mary Courser. "A structural history of the Old Stone Hotel in Daggett utilizing archaeological and documentary evidence." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/856.

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Jakubcová, Eva. "Poustevnická kolonie." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226230.

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This construction programme deals with a hermit colony located in the western part of the Vysočina Region. This hermit colony has been established to provide accommodation for women living in this area permanently while offering an opportunity of occasional relaxation for people who are living hectic lives in urban environment. The aim of my project is to design the remaining parts of the colony, i.e. two hermitages and the community’s chapel. A hermitage is a one-storey building intended for one person only. The load-bearing walls of the individual hermitages are designed to be built from different materials (wooden and masonry constructions) whereas the elevational structures of all the buildings are to be the same. The chapel’s wall system combines stone and wood. The chapel will serve solely the purposes of the community. The main objective of my project is to respect and maintain the natural features of the landscape to the maximum extent possible.
6

Cuoghi, Giulia. "Theoretical and experimental behavior of prestressed natural stone beams." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.

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L’obiettivo di molte ricerche attuali riguarda nuove soluzioni costruttive per l'edilizia futura. In particolare, la ricerca si focalizza sullo sviluppo tecnologico di materiali naturali preesistenti con lo scopo di realizzare strutture innovative, sicure ed ecosostenibili. La presente tesi si propone di studiare la possibilità di utilizzare materiali naturali, come la pietra, per la costruzione di strutture portanti. Il calcare Cabouca è stato scelto per la realizzazione di una trave a blocchi, resa resistente e compatta attraverso la tecnica della precompressione. Le prove meccaniche sui campioni di pietra e successivamente, la costruzione e la prova a flessione della trave sono stati effettuati presso il Laboratório de Estruturas Pesadas, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, presso l'Università di Lisbona. I risultati soddisfacenti hanno evidenziato un sostanzioso incremento della capacità flessionale della trave precompressa rispetto a quella non armata, potendo quindi dimostrare che la precompressione è efficace nella pietra naturale come nel calcestruzzo. Il presente lavoro si propone come un punto di partenza valido per l'evoluzione di strutture portanti in pietra precompressa eleganti, sicure e conformi ai principi del Green building.
7

Naude, M. "The selective use of slate in vernacular farm buildings and structures north of the Vaal River." South African Journal of Art History, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001367.

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Abstract Slate and shale are not usually considered as building stone for the construction of entire buildings in the vernacular farm architecture of the area north of the Vaal River (historically known as the Transvaal). Sandstone and granite as principal building stone types were more common. Slate and shale are two different stone types but due to their similar layered structure they are often used together in the construction of the same wall. Current research has revealed that slate and shale did play a significantbutselectiveroleinvernacularbuildingtechnologyintheregion.Slatewasusedforfinishing and solving specificproblemsinfolkbuildingtechnology.Oneofthereasonswhythesestonetypes were less popular as building material is the isolated occurrences of outcrops in the region. Sandstone and granite are more common and readily available. The few buildings constructed with slate and shale had a unique character reflectedinthewalltexturewhenthestoneislaidflat.Becausethe stone is released from its rock bed in thin plates with an almost completely flatsurfaceonbothsides, it is usually laid flatandneedslittlemortartosecureastablewall.Thispaperintroducesratherthan analyses the use of these materials in the vernacular architecture of the former Transvaal region.
8

Santos, Janaína Baldan. "Variações do Teorema de Banach Stone." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45131/tde-03042017-145643/.

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Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar algumas variações do teorema de Banach- Stone. Elas podem ser encontradas no artigo Variations on the Banach- Stone Theorem, [14]. Além disso, apresentamos um resultado, provado por D. Amir em [1], que generaliza a versão clássica do Teorema de Banach- Stone. Consideramos os espaços C(K) e C(L), que representam os espaços de funções contínuas de K em R e de L em R respectivamente, onde K e L são espaços Hausdor compactos. O enunciado da versão clássica do teorema de Banach- Stone é a seguinte: \"Sejam K e L espaços Hausdor compactos. Então C(K) é isométrico a C(L) se e somente se, K e L são homeomorfos\". Apresentamos a primeira das variações que considera isomorfismo entre álgebras e foi feita por Gelfand e Kolmogoro em [15], no ano de 1939. A segunda versão apresentada trata de isomorfismo isométrico e a demonstração é originalmente devida a Arens e Kelley e é encontrada em [2]. Finalmente, estudamos o teorema provado por D. Amir e apresentado em [1]. Este teorema generaliza o teorema clássico de Banach- Stone e tem o seguinte enunciado: Se K e L são espaços Hausdor compactos e T é um isomorfismo linear de C(K) sobre C(L), com ||T||.||T^||< 2 então K e L são homeomorfos
This work aims to study some variations of the Banach- Stone theorem. They can be found in the article Variations on the Banach- Stone Theorem, [14]. In addition, we present a result, proved by D. Amir in [1], that generalizes the classic version of the Theorem Banach- Stone. We consider the spacesC(K) andC(L), representing the spaces of continuous functions from K into R and from L into R respectively, where K and L are compact Hausdor spaces. The wording of the classic version of the Banach- Stone theorem is as follows: \"Let K e L be compact Haudor spaces. Then C(K) isisometrictoC(L) if,andonlyif, K and L are homeomorphic\".Here the first of the variations that considers isomorphism between algebras and was made by Gelfand and Kolmogoro in [15], in 1939. The second version presented is about isometric isomorphisms and the demonstration is originally due to Arens and Kelley and it is found in [2]. Finally, we study the theorem proved by D. Amir and presented in [1]. This theorem generalizes the classical theorem Banach- Stone and states the following: \"Let K e L be compact Haudor spaces and let T be a linear isomorphism from C(K) into C(L), with ||T||.||T^||< 2. Then K and L are homeomorphic\".
9

Abo, El Ezz Ahmad. "Probabilistic seismic vulnerability and risk assessment of stone masonry structures." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2013. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1168/1/ABO_EL_EZZ_Ahmad.pdf.

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Parmi les risques naturels, les tremblements de terre ont une incidence significative sur l'environnement bâti et engendrent des pertes économiques et sociales. Les pertes élevées causées par les derniers tremblements de terre destructeurs mettent en évidence la nécessité d'une évaluation de la vulnérabilité sismique des bâtiments existants. Parmi les bâtiments les plus vulnérables, les bâtiments anciens en maçonnerie de pierre sont nombreux dans les centres historiques urbains de l'Est du Canada, comme le Vieux-Québec, et représentent un patrimoine architectural et culturel dont la valeur est difficilement mesurable. Ces bâtiments ont été construits pour résister aux charges de gravité et offrent généralement une faible résistance aux charges sismiques. L’évaluation de leur vulnérabilité sismique est donc la première étape nécessaire au développement d’un programme de mitigation du risque et de mise à niveau sismique. L'objectif de cette étude est de développer un ensemble d’outils analytiques probabilistes pour l'évaluation de la vulnérabilité sismique des bâtiments en maçonnerie de pierre et l’analyse efficace des incertitudes inhérentes au processus d’évaluation. En premier lieu, une approche méthodologique simplifiée est proposée pour la modélisation de la vulnérabilité des bâtiments et le traitement systématique des incertitudes. Les courbes de capacité sont développées à l’aide d’un modèle mécanique équivalent à un degré de liberté. Les courbes de fragilité, donnant le degré de dommages en fonction du déplacement spectral, sont développées sur la base de déplacements critiques des murs de maçonnerie de pierre. Une analyse probabiliste simplifiée de la demande sismique est proposée pour déterminer l’influence de l'incertitude combinée de la capacité et de la demande sur les courbes de fragilité. En deuxième lieu, une procédure pour le développement de fonctions de fragilité et de vulnérabilité sismique en termes d’une mesure d’intensité indépendante de la structure (l'accélération spectrale) est proposée. La procédure est efficace pour réaliser rapidement l’évaluation de la vulnérabilité des bâtiments en maçonnerie de pierre et peut facilement être adaptée et appliquée à une autre classe de bâtiment. En troisième lieu, une analyse de sensibilité est réalisée pour quantifier l’influence des incertitudes associées aux paramètres utilisées dans la procédure de modélisation de la vulnérabilité sismique. Finalement, la méthodologie proposée est appliquée à l’estimation des dommages pour 1220 bâtiments existants du Vieux-Québec selon un scénario sismique de magnitude 6,2 à une distancé épicentrale de 15km pour une probabilité de dépassement de 2% en 50 ans. Les courbes de fragilité des autres types de bâtiments ont été développées avec la procédure proposée à partir des courbes de capacité proposées dans Hazus. Ce scénario montre que la plupart des dommages prévus sont concentrés aux vieux bâtiments de maçonnerie de brique non-armée et aux bâtiments en maçonnerie de pierre.
10

Sheppard, Barnaby. "On generalisations of the Stone-Weierstrass theorem to Jordan structures." Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301909.

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The main theorem of the thesis asserts that if B is a JB*-subtriple of a JB*triple A such that B separates oe(An U {O}, then if A or B is postliminal, A=B. The main theorem and many of the other key results of the thesis are generalisations of the results of Kaplansky (1951) and Glimm (1960) on the Stone-Weierstrass conjecture for C* -algebras. We first prove a Stone-Weierstrass theorem for postliminal JB-algebras. This plays an essential role in the proof of the main theorem and is also important in the proof of our second main result, the Glimm-Stone-Weierstrass theorem for JB-algebras. Vital to the Glimm-Stone-Weierstrass proof, we show that if A is a universally reversible prime and antiliminal JB-algebra, then S(A) C P(A). Conversely, if A is universally reversible and of dimension greater than one, S(A) C P(A) implies A is prime and antiliminal. The C* -algebra version of this theorem is due to Tomiyama and Takesaki (1961). By means of the universal enveloping C*-algebra functor, we show that if , the Stone-Weierstrass conjecture is true for C* -algebras then it is true for JB-algebras. Employing a similar technique we prove Stone-Weierstrass theorems for semi-finite JW-algebras and type I JW-algebras, building on results of Akemann (1969- 70). The crucial result of the thesis reduces the Stone-Weierstrass separation condition for JB*-triples locally to that of JB*-algebras. Using this in conjunction with the Stone-Weierstrass theorem for postliminal JB-algebras is an essential part of the proof of the main theorem
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Books on the topic "Structural stone":

1

Heyman, Jacques. The stone skeleton: Structural engineering of masonry architecture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

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Corbishley, Mike. The world of architectural wonders. New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1996.

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Paul, Sanlaville, and Maison de l'Orient méditerranéen (Lyon, France), eds. Le Paléolithique de la vallée moyenne de l'Oronte (Syrie): Peuplement et environnement. Oxford: Tempus Reparatum, 1993.

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Structural Conservation of Stone Masonry (International Technical Conference) (1989 Athens). Structural conservation of stone masonry =: Conservation structurelle de la mac̨onnerie en pierre : international technical conference, Athens, 31 October - 3 November 1989. Rome: ICCROM, 1990.

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Etlin, Richard A. Plaited stereotomy: Stone vaults for the modern world. Roma: Aracne, 2008.

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Carver, Robert D. Investigation of random variations in stability response of stone-armored, rubble-mound breakwaters. [Vicksburg, Miss: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1991.

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Michael, Barnes, ed. Secrets of lost empires: Reconstructing the glories of ages past. New York: Sterling Publishing, 1997.

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Boothby, Thomas E. Engineering iron and stone: Understanding structural analysis and design methods of the late 19th century. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press/American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015.

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Polonina, Elena, Sergey Leonovich, Sergey Fedosov, and Valeriy Yaglov. Structural concrete with a complex addition of hydrothermal nanosilicon and carbon nanotubes. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1981690.

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The monograph is devoted to improving the methods of directed and controlled regulation of the C — S — H-gel structure by varying the doses, sizes, physical and chemical characteristics of the surface, and the nanoparticles used. The authors have developed an additive that additionally contains a superplasticizer to reduce the water demand of the concrete mixture and stabilize the nanoparticles. The dependences of the strength growth of cement stone and structural heavy concrete on the components of the complex additive are revealed. Experimental confirmation of the mechanism of action of a combined nano—additive with a reduced consumption of nanoparticles on the structure of C — S - H-gel was obtained based on the results of the application of a set of methods. It is revealed that the use of a complex additive contributes to a proportional increase in the reduced modulus of elasticity, hardness, and mechanical characteristics of Portland cement stone and concrete. The study of the additive in the conditions of the construction site showed the prospects of its application for construction, ensuring a reduction in the cost of the technology of nanomodification of concrete relative to the effect of improving performance. For specialists of research, construction and design organizations dealing with the modification of concrete with nanomaterials, as well as for students, undergraduates, postgraduates, teachers who work on the problems of building materials science.
10

Branch, Canada Mines, ed. The production of cement, lime, clay products, stone, and other structural materials in Canada during the calendar year 1911. Ottawa: Govt. Print. Bureau, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Structural stone":

1

Boothby, Thomas E. "Empirical Structural Design." In Engineering Iron and Stone, 9–21. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413838.ch01.

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Costa, Cristina, and António Arêde. "Contributions on Refined Modelling of Stone Arch Bridges." In Structural Integrity, 128–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29227-0_9.

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Green, Sebastian, and Dean F. Berry. "The Stone Story." In Cultural, Structural and Strategic Change in Management Buyouts, 49–75. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21559-1_2.

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Schuch, Harold, Carnot L. Nogueira, Frederick R. Rutz, and Kevin L. Rens. "Photogrammetric Modelling of a Stone Bridge for Structural Analysis." In Structural Integrity, 273–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29227-0_27.

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Silva, Rúben, Cristina Costa, and António Arêde. "Nonlinear Analysis of a Multispan Stone Masonry Bridge Under Railway Traffic Loading." In Structural Integrity, 119–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29227-0_8.

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Feng, Z., P. Gu, M. Zheng, X. Yan, and D. W. Bao. "Environmental Data-Driven Performance-Based Topological Optimisation for Morphology Evolution of Artificial Taihu Stone." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 117–28. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_11.

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AbstractTaihu stone is the most famous one among the top four stones in China. It is formed by the water's erosion in Taihu Lake for hundreds or even thousands of years. It has become a common ornamental stone in classical Chinese gardens because of its porous and intricate forms. At the same time, it has become a cultural symbol through thousands of years of history in China; later, people researched its spatial aesthetics; there are also some studies on its structural properties. For example, it has been found that the opening of Taihu stone caves has a steady-state effect which people develop its value in the theory of Poros City, Porosity in Architecture and some cultural symbols based on the original ornamental value of Taihu stone. This paper introduces a hybrid generative design method that integrates the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization (BESO) techniques. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation enables architects and engineers to predict and optimise the performance of buildings and environment in the early stage of the design and topology optimisation techniques BESO has been widely used in structural design to evolve a structure from the full design domain towards an optimum by gradually removing inefficient material and adding materials simultaneously. This research aims to design the artificial Taihu stone based on the environmental data-driven performance feedback using the topological optimisation method. As traditional and historical ornament craftwork in China, the new artificial Taihu stone stimulates thinking about the new value and unique significance of the cultural symbol of Taihu stone in modern society. It proposes possibilities and reflections on exploring the related fields of Porosity in Architecture and Poros City from the perspective of structure.
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Quelhas, Bruno, Lorenzo Cantini, João Miranda Guedes, Francesca da Porto, and Celeste Almeida. "Characterization and Reinforcement of Stone Masonry Walls." In Structural Rehabilitation of Old Buildings, 131–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39686-1_5.

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Silva, Rúben, Cristina Costa, and António Arêde. "Dynamic and Quasi-static Load Tests in a Railway Stone Multispan Masonry Arch Bridge." In Structural Integrity, 516–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29227-0_55.

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Paupério, Esmeralda, Rúben Silva, Cristina Costa, and António Arêde. "Survey Methodologies and Intervention in Stone Masonry Arch Bridges: The Case Study of Esmoriz Bridge." In Structural Integrity, 901–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29227-0_100.

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Amado, João, and Cristina Costa. "Application of the COST TU1406 Quality Control Framework to a Stone Arch Bridge in Portugal." In Structural Integrity, 874–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29227-0_97.

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Conference papers on the topic "Structural stone":

1

"Structural Sculpting: A Designer"s Approach to Robotically Carved Stone Structures." In 2018 Symposium on Simulation for Architecture and Urban Design. Society for Modeling and Simulation International (SCS), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22360/simaud.2018.simaud.019.

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Rocco, A., D. V. Oliveira, E. Garbin, and F. M. Fernandes. "Analysis of the "Ponte do arco" Stone Masonry Arch Bridge." In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0934.

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<p>The “Ponte do Arco” stone masonry arch bridge is located in the north of Portugal, in the municipality of Marco de Canaveses, district of Porto. The bridge is immersed in a remote natural environment and is part of the Romanesque Route, which links buildings and structures built in the area during the Romanesque Period. The “Ponte do Arco” bridge is a fine example of this type of architecture and, therefore, it deserves devoted conservation and maintenance works. The geometry of the bridge, the internal structure of the pavement and the damage state were characterised by using two non-destructive techniques, photogrammetry and ground penetrating radar, and by performing a damage survey. The data collected was used to perform limit and finite element analyses in order to estimate the structural safety level of the structure. The paper presents the structural appraisal, resulting from the non-destructive surveys and the numerical analyses.</p>
3

Dinç-Şengönül, B., Y. Hothot, B. Doran, N. Yüzer, S. Ulukaya, and D. Oktay. "Nonlinear Behaviour of Two-Whyte Stone Walls." In 12th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions. CIMNE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/sahc.2021.167.

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Marjive, Vaishali R., and B. Ram Rathan Lal. "Compressive Strength Behaviour of Stone Dust and EPS Beads-Based Material." In Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Congress 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479742.072.

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Oliveira, D. V., R. Allahvirdizadeh, A. Sánchez, B. Riveiro, N. Mendes, R. A. Silva, and F. Fernandes. "Structural Performance of a Medieval Stone Masonry Arch Bridge." In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0901.

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<p>Many masonry historical bridges are still under service, particularly in Europe. Their significant cultural value, key role in transportation network systems and deterioration condition requires assessing their safety with respect to different scenarios, particularly earthquakes, which masonry structures are inherently vulnerable. This assessment requires collecting detailed information such as geometry, material properties, boundary conditions and existing damages to construct reliable numerical models. However, their significant cultural value prevents conducting destructive and even minor-destructive tests. The structural assessment of Barcelos Bridge, a medieval stone masonry arch bridge in northern Portugal, by means of a numerical approach is discussed in the current article. In this regard, a 3D advanced finite element model was prepared, in which the external geometry and internal morphology were extracted from laser scanning and ground penetrating radar survey, respectively. Then, outcomes of indirect sonic tests were adopted to characterize material characteristics and dynamic properties (i.e. frequencies and mode shapes) obtained from ambient dynamic identification were employed to update the FE model. Two load scenarios including gravity and lateral transversal loadings were taken into account to assess the performance of the bridge. Thus, incremental nonlinear pushdown and pushover analyses were performed, which resulted in evaluating current safety level of the bridges and possible failure modes.</p>
6

Hanna, Adel, and Mahmoud Khalifa. "Performance of Stone Columns in Cohesive Soil." In The 5th World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering. Avestia Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/icgre20.03.

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Ngo, N. T., B. Indraratna, and C. Rujikiatkamjorn. "Load-Deformation Behavior of a Stone Column Using the Coupled DEM-FDM Method." In Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Congress 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479742.137.

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Nguyen, Sang, Emile Greenhalgh, Robin Olsson, Lorenzo Iannucci, and Paul Curtis. "Improved Aircraft Tire and Stone Models for Runway Debris Lofting Simulations." In 50th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2009-2444.

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Ahmad, Syed Faiz. "Precast Stone-Blocks as Low Cost Load-Bearing Walls." In Modern Methods and Advances in Structural Engineering and Construction. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-7920-4_s4-h04-cd.

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"Structural Retrofitting of Existing Stone Siphon by Internally Concrete Lining." In 3rd International Conference on Innovative Academic Studies. All Sciences Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/icias.1544.

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Reports on the topic "Structural stone":

1

Shockey, Donald A., Susanna C. Ventura, Subhash C. Narang, Jeffrey W. Simons, Benjamin C. Bourne, and Brian D. Peterson. Power Composites: Structural Materials that Generate and Store Electrical Energy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada448514.

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Marcus, David W., Joseph A. Kissane, David A. Lienhart, Kenneth E. Henn III, and Susan M. Agar. Monitoring Stone Degradation on Coastal Structures in the Great Lakes - Summary Report. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada437139.

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Smith, Adam, and Megan Tooker. Character-defining features of the Buffalo south mole (south pier), NY. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46743.

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The US Congress codified the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA), the nation’s most effective cultural resources legislation to date, mostly through establishing the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). The NHPA requires federal agencies to address their cultural resources, which are defined as any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object. The precursor to the Corps of Engineers erected the mole (a.k.a., the south pier) in the early 1820s at the entrance to the Buffalo harbor. The area on top of and surrounding the mole was modified through the past two hundred years, many of the character-defining features remain including the stone retaining walls, talus, stairs, and lighthouse identified in plans and drawings from the period of construction. Notably lost is the stone tow path, or banquette, and the stone incline on the south side of the mole is no longer visible. The researchers recommend a period of significance of c. 1820 through 1972 (50 years) since the mole has continued its original use of keeping the entrance to the Buffalo River open for freight and recreational boating traffic through the present day.
4

Hanmer, S. K. Granulite Facies Mylonites: a Brief Structural Reconnaissance North of Stony Rapids, northern Saskatchewan. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/122557.

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Krastel, Sebastian, and Christian Berndt. Geophysical Student Field Trip Baltic Sea Cruise No. AL579, 20.08.2022 – 28.08.2022, Kiel (Germany) – Kiel (Germany), GÜ Uni Kiel , Alkor-Berichte AL579. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al579.

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Research cruise AL579 is part of the bachelor course "Physics of the Earth System - Geophysics, Meteorology and Oceanography" at the University of Kiel. It is the field exercise for marine geophysics and hydroacoustics. The aim of the annually recurring cruise is to give students a practical insight into the acquisition, processing, documentation, and interpretation of marine geophysical data. AL579 took place from August 20th -28th 2022 with the main study areas in Eckernförde Bay and the Bay of Mecklenburg. Parts of the scientific crew changed during a stopover in Kiel on Wednesday, 24.8.2022. In Eckernförde Bay we mainly collected Multibeam Echosounder (MBES) and INNOMAR Subbottom Echosounder (SES) data calibrated by CTD measurements close to the pockmark field off Mittelgrund. On Wednesday, 24.8.2022 we tested a new Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) prototype. In the Bay of Mecklenburg, the focus was on Blinkerhügel and the seafloor structures further west where an enigmatic stone structure was discovered in 2021. This area was surveyed with Sidescan Sonar, MBES, SES, and CTD measurements and several video transects with an underwater drone. We also collected two sets of multi-channel seismic data to investigate the deeper structures of the Western Baltic Sea and the Bay of Mecklenburg.
6

Bell, Gary, Cody Bryant, Thomas Pokrefke, John Hite, and Cian Miller. Low Sill Control Structure : physical modeling investigation of riprap stability downstream of end sill. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48552.

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The model investigation reported herein describes the process to model and analyze the stability of scaled riprap in the existing 1:55 Froude-scaled Low Sill Control Structure physical model. The existing model is a fixed-bed model, so modifications were made to create a testing section for the scaled stone. Three separate gradations of scaled riprap were tested at varying boundary conditions (discharge, head and tailwater elevations, and gate openings). Each test was surveyed using lidar for pre to posttest comparisons. It was found that Gradation B remained stable throughout the tests in the physical model.
7

Langdon, S. J., D. R. Reger, and Christopher Wooley. Using aerial photographs to locate intertidal stone fishing structures in the Prince of Wales archipelago, southeast Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/1184.

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Ward, Donald L., and Dennis G. Markle. Repair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation Research Program. Repair of Localized Armor Stone Damage on Rubble-Mound Structures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada227014.

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Best, Cody, Carl Hart, and Michael Muhlestein. Data acquisition software for impedance tube measurements. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45740.

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Transmission impedance tube measurements are necessary to measure the asymmetric acoustic property known as Willis coupling. However, software is required to measure and store data from an impedance tube for acoustic material characterization. This report details the overall structure of custom-developed software built from low-level functions. Software libraries from the data acquisition system as well as the HDF5 file system are the basis for the code. A command line user interface guides a user through the necessary steps in data collection.
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Løvschal, Mette, Havananda Ombashi, Marianne Høyem Andreasen, Bo Ejstrud, Renée Enevikd, Astrid Jensen, Mette Klingenberg, Søren Munch Kristiansen, and Nina Helt Nielsen. The Protected Burial Mound ‘Store Vejlhøj’, Vinderup, Denmark: First Results. Det Kgl. Bibliotek, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aulsps-e.479.

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An archaeological excavation of the protected burial mound Store Vejlhøj in northwestern Denmark was carried out in October-November 2021. The excavation formed part of the ERC-funded research project called ANTHEA, focusing on the deep history of anthropogenic heathlands. It was conducted by Aarhus University in collaboration with Holstebro Museum and Moesgaard Museum. The aim was to test a new method of sampling pollen data from different construction stages in a burial mound and comparing them with pollen data from nearby lake sediments with a view to improving our understanding of prehistoric anthropogenic heathland dynamics. Prior to the excavation, soil cores were collected from two nearby peat sediments as well as six burial mounds (including Store Vejlhøj) within a 1 km range of Lake Skånsø, where previous pollen analyses had been carried out. Based on these preliminary corings, Store Vejlhøj was selected for further archaeological investigation. A dispensation for excavating the protected mound was granted by the Danish Palaces and Culture Agency. The excavation was based on a 5 m long trench through the barrow, moving from its foot inwards. The surface vegetation and 40 cm topsoil were removed by an excavator, after which the remainder of the trench was manually dug in horizontal layers. Observation conditions were good. The excavation revealed a series of well-defined barrow construction stages, as well as unusually wellpreserved turf structures. Only two archaeological finds could be related to the barrow, both of which were later than its initial construction: a secondary urn in the top layer, and the base of a second urn at the foot of the mound. The burial mound was constructed using a minimum of three shells, which could be observed in the trench profile. Turfs were most probably collected locally in a landscape dominated by grass pastures, where no previous turf cutting had taken place. A total of 34 soil samples were collected for paleoecological analyses (pollen, Non-Pollen Polymorphs (NPPs), macrofossils) and geoarchaeological analyses (micromorphology, bulk samples). Preliminary pollen and macrofossil results from the burial mound revealed poor preservation conditions, which prompted a trench extension of 0.5 m by 0.2 m to find better preservation conditions. This extension resulted in the collection of a single final macrofossil sample, although there was no identifiable change in the in-situ preservation conditions. The dating results of the mound have not yet been completed and will be included as appendix 4-6 in 2023.

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