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Journal articles on the topic 'Structural solution'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 April 2023

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1

Kharko, O. V. "Structural behaviour of continuous solid solution SmCo1-xFexO3." Functional Materials 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fm21.02.226.

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2

Knight, Kevin S., and C. Michael B. Clark Henderson. "Structural variations in the wesselsiteeffenbergerite (Sr1xBaxCuSi4O10) solid solution." European Journal of Mineralogy 22, no. 3 (June 23, 2010): 411–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2010/0022-2025.

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3

YEE, A., A. GUTMANAS, and C. ARROWSMITH. "Solution NMR in structural genomics." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 16, no. 5 (October 2006): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2006.08.002.

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4

Chiriţă, S., M. Ciarletta, and B. Straughan. "Structural stability in porous elasticity." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 462, no. 2073 (March 30, 2006): 2593–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2006.1695.

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We consider the linearized system of equations for an elastic body with voids as derived by Cowin & Nunziato. We demonstrate that the solution depends continuously on changes in the coefficients, which couple the equations of elastic deformation and of voids. It is also shown that the solution to the coupled system converges, in an appropriate measure, to the solutions of the uncoupled systems as the coupling coefficients tend to zero.
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5

Hollkamp, J. J., and S. M. Batill. "Structural Identification Using Order Overspecified Time-Series Models." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 114, no. 1 (March 1, 1992): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2896504.

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An identification method that uses order overspecified time-series models and a truncated singular value decomposition (SVD) solution is studied. The overspecified model reduces the effects of noise during the identification process, but produces extraneous modes. A backwards approach coupled with a minimum norm approximation, using a truncated SVD solution, enables the system modes to be distinguished from the extraneous modes of the model. Experimental data from a large flexible truss is used to study the effects of varying the truncation of the SVD solution and an order recursive algorithm is used to study the effects of model order. Results show that the SVD may be ineffective in separating the data into signal and noise subspaces. However solutions for highly overspecified model orders exhibit solution properties similar to the minimum norm solution and system and computational modes can be discriminated without a truncated solution.
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6

Migliardo, F., V. Magazù, and M. Migliardo. "Structural properties of C60 in solution." Journal of Molecular Liquids 110, no. 1-3 (March 2004): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2003.08.010.

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7

Dražić, Jasmina, Igor Peško, Vladimir Mučenski, Aleksandar Dejić, and Marina Romanovich. "Evaluating Contractors and Offered Structural Solution." Procedia Engineering 165 (2016): 898–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.790.

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8

Al-Rasby, S. N. "Solution techniques in nonlinear structural analysis." Computers & Structures 40, no. 4 (January 1991): 985–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(91)90329-k.

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9

Tuma, Rabiya S. "Drug designers seek a structural solution." Drug Discovery Today 8, no. 22 (November 2003): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6446(03)02906-4.

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10

Liu, G. R., Y. G. Xu, and Z. P. Wu. "Total solution for structural mechanics problems." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 191, no. 8-10 (December 2001): 989–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7825(01)00314-0.

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11

Corrado, Charles, Matthew Conti, Ann Stokes, and Edward Heyd. "Hybrid solution techniques for structural acoustics." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 141, no. 5 (May 2017): 3653–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4987907.

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12

Struble, Robert. "Towards a Structural Solution to Unemployment." International Journal of Social Economics 20, no. 11 (November 1993): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068299310046063.

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13

Mchedlov-Petrosyan, N. O., L. A. Fedorov, S. A. Sokolovskii, Yu N. Surov, and R. Salinas Maiorga. "Structural conversions of rhodamines in solution." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences Division of Chemical Science 41, no. 3 (March 1992): 403–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00863052.

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14

Freedberg, Darón I., and Jeahoo Kwon. "Solution NMR Structural Studies of Glycans." Israel Journal of Chemistry 59, no. 11-12 (November 2019): 1039–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijch.201900126.

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15

Todd, Peter J. "Solution chemistry and secondary ion emission from amine-glycerol solutions." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 2, no. 1 (January 1991): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1044-0305(91)80059-g.

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16

Anosov, Valerii, Lina Bohdanova, Volodymyr Kolodiazhnyi, and Vadym Litovka. "Solution of the Structural Optimization Problem of a Multiagent Approach Based Cutter Design." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 22, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pmach2019.01.053.

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17

Malinowski, Szymon, and Justyna Jaroszyńska-Wolińska. "Impact assessment of effectiveness of thiourea and THAM for corrosion process on carbon steel in calcium chloride environment." Budownictwo i Architektura 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 064–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/bud-arch_16_152_09.

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The main objective of this paper is to present a comparison of the corrosion inhibiting effect of thiourea and THAM (tri(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) on carbon steel samples immersed in calcium chloride solutions. The testing has shown that to inhibit the corrosive action of the calcium chloride solution, the thiourea solution can be successfully replaced by the THAM solution. The study was performed with the use of st3s, structural and reinforcing steel. In the case of st3s steel samples, the application of the 0.01% THAM solution causes a decrease of its weight loss by about 60%. The application of a 10-times stronger THAM solution causes an increase of the corrosion inhibition on the tested samples by about 20%. A combined protective action of the thiourea and THAM solutions brings about an increase of the corrosion process inhibition by about 70% both for the st3s and the structural samples. The 0.01% and 0.1% THAM solutions applied t0 inhibit the corrosion process on structural samples cause an increase of the corrosion protection by about 50% and 15% respectively.
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18

Ohtake, Satoshi, Yoshiko Kita, Robert Payne, Mark Manning, and Tsutomu Arakawa. "Structural Characteristics of Short Peptides in Solution." Protein & Peptide Letters 20, no. 12 (November 2013): 1308–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986652012131112121417.

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19

Whitty, P. W., A. Robertson, M. A. Kerr, J. M. Woof, and S. J. Perkins. "A solution structural model of human IgA2." Biochemical Society Transactions 30, no. 3 (June 1, 2002): A92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst030a092c.

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20

LÉGER, PIERRE. "Microcomputer Solution of Large Structural Dynamic Problems." Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering 4, no. 2 (November 6, 2008): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8667.1989.tb00014.x.

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21

Hill, Lyndal M. R., Graham N. George, Anne-Kathrin Duhme-Klair, and Charles G. Young. "Solution structural studies of molybdate–nucleotide polyanions." Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 88, no. 3-4 (February 2002): 274–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0162-0134(01)00384-1.

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22

Garcia-Bennett, Alfonso E., Keiichi Miyasaka, Osamu Terasaki, and Shunai Che. "Structural Solution of Mesocaged Material AMS-8." Chemistry of Materials 16, no. 19 (September 2004): 3597–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm049398e.

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23

Yuguchi, Yoshiaki, Mitsuru Mimura, Shinichi Kitamura, Hiroshi Urakawa, and Kanji Kajiwara. "Structural characteristics of gellan in aqueous solution." Food Hydrocolloids 7, no. 5 (December 1993): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0268-005x(09)80233-6.

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24

Varadan, Ranjani, Olivier Walker, Cecile Pickart, and David Fushman. "Structural Properties of Polyubiquitin Chains in Solution." Journal of Molecular Biology 324, no. 4 (December 2002): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2836(02)01198-1.

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25

Aimé, J. P., F. Bargain, M. Schott, H. Eckhardt, R. L. Elsenbaumer, G. G. Miller, M. E. Mc Donnell, and K. Zero. "Structural study of conducting polymers in solution." Synthetic Metals 28, no. 1-2 (January 1989): 407–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-6779(89)90553-5.

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26

Calmettes, P., S. Pezennec, G. Berger, and G. Girault. "Structural changes of CF1-ATPase in solution." Physica B: Condensed Matter 180-181 (June 1992): 765–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(92)90460-a.

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27

Itri, Rosangela, Elisa Morandé Sales, Julio C. P. Damalio, Leandro Ramos de Souza Barbosa, and Ana Paula Ulian Araújo. "Structural Studies of Septin 2 in Solution." Biophysical Journal 100, no. 3 (February 2011): 375a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.2237.

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28

Dias, João M., Ana I. Kuehne, Dafna M. Abelson, Shridhar Bale, Anthony C. Wong, Peter Halfmann, Majidat A. Muhammad, et al. "A shared structural solution for neutralizing ebolaviruses." Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 18, no. 12 (November 20, 2011): 1424–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.2150.

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29

Bitzarakis, S., M. Papadrakakis, and A. Kotsopulos. "Parallel solution techniques in computational structural mechanics." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 148, no. 1-2 (August 1997): 75–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7825(97)00028-5.

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30

Ericson, Agneta, and Ingmar Persson. "Structural studies of organometallic compounds in solution." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 326, no. 2 (June 1987): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(87)80152-3.

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31

Matsumoto, Atsushi, Masaaki Sugiyama, Zhenhai Li, Anne Martel, Lionel Porcar, Rintaro Inoue, Daiki Kato, Akihisa Osakabe, Hitoshi Kurumizaka, and Hidetoshi Kono. "Structural Studies of Overlapping Dinucleosomes in Solution." Biophysical Journal 118, no. 9 (May 2020): 2209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2019.12.010.

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32

Watkins, W. J., D. Kennedy, and F. W. Williams. "Efficient parallel solution of structural eigenvalue problems." Advances in Engineering Software 25, no. 2-3 (March 1996): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0965-9978(95)00094-1.

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33

Wellmar, Agneta, and Ingmar Persson. "Structural studies of organometallic compounds in solution." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 415, no. 2 (September 1991): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(91)80115-z.

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34

Wellmar, Agneta, and Ingmar Persson. "Structural studies of organometallic compounds in solution." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 415, no. 2 (September 1991): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(91)80116-2.

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35

Wellmar, Agneta, Anders Hallberg, and Ingmar Persson. "Structural studies of organometallic compounds in solution." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 415, no. 2 (September 1991): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(91)80117-3.

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36

Li, Chun Q., and Robert E. Melchers. "Gaussian upcrossing rate solution for structural serviceability." Structural Safety 12, no. 4 (November 1993): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-4730(93)90058-9.

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37

Lamberti, V. E., M. A. Rodriguez, J. D. Trybulski, and A. Navrotsky. "Praseodymium and high-temperature superconductivity: Thermodynamic, structural, and critical correlations." Journal of Materials Research 11, no. 5 (May 1996): 1061–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1996.0132.

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The enthalpies of formation and the partial molar enthalpies of oxidation of polycrystalline LnBa2Cu3Oy (Ln = Pr, Nd, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Tm) and Y1−xPrxBa2Cu3Oy (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0) have been determined at 298 K by drop-solution calorimetry. The thermodynamic characteristics of Pr123 follow the trends of the trivalent-ion-based Ln123 compounds. The thermodynamic data for the (Y,Pr)123 solid solutions show nonideal solution behavior, but no x-dependent valence instability. The superconducting critical temperatures and the enthalpies of oxidation of the (Y,Pr)123 solid solutions are linearly related.
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38

Sococol, I., P. Mihai, T. C. Petrescu, and D. T. Babor. "Structural analysis and optimal retrofitting solutions for historical monument with masonry walls." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1242, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1242/1/012035.

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Abstract ”Braila Emergency County Hospital (ECH)” historical monument represents one of the main objectives of structural rehabilitation in both Braila county and Braila city. Thus, a structural strength verification for Pavilion B, Section 2, using ETABS software was performed, in order to find optimal retrofitting (rehabilitation) solutions. This analytical procedure proved to be beneficial and absolutely necessary, due to observations regarding the spatial contribution of masonry shear walls and finally the proper establishment of capable/design efforts. Following the structural calculation, it was concluded that the best solution would be to use composite materials for retrofitting a certain number of masonry shear walls, as classical retrofitting methods proved to be more expensive and structurally inefficient. Furthermore, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the solution to use composite materials is beneficial, as it would entail no personnel or patients to be evacuated during the rehabilitation works, i.e. the hospital being able to continue to operate.
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39

Paennarin, H., and S. L. Seet. "Structural Analysis of Strontium-Substituted Hydroxyapatites." Advanced Materials Research 506 (April 2012): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.210.

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In this work, the effects of pH on the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) and Sr-substituted HA (Sr-HA) were studied. Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and strontium acetate were dissolved in ethanol at the Ca:Sr mole ratio of 9.5:0.5. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate was dissolved in deionized water. The two solutions were mixed thoroughly and the ammonium solution was added in order to adjust the pH of the solution. After precipitation, the system was subjected to the heat until the dried powder was obtained and then calcined at 600°C for 2 h. From XRD study, HA was found as the main phase in all calcined powders. The substitution of Sr for Ca in HA structure was confirmed by the shift of XRD peak to lower angles and the shifts of OH to higher wave number and PO4 bands to lower wave numbers in FT-IR spectra.
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40

Garbatov, Yordan, Giulia Palomba, and Vincenzo Crupi. "Risk-Based Hybrid Light-Weight Ship Structural Design Accounting for Carbon Footprint." Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (March 10, 2023): 3583. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063583.

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The study aims to develop an integrating risk-based formulation and cost-benefit analysis for identifying an optimal ship hull structural design solution where the steel cargo holds aluminium honeycomb sandwich panels to replace inner side shells. The risk of progressive structural failure includes hazards related to environmental pollution due to accidental fuel and oil spills, possible loss of cargo, crew members and ship during operations, and air pollution during shipyard construction and ship voyages. The structural failure incorporates progressive time-dependent structural degradation coupled with ship hull load-carrying capacity in predicting structural integrity during the service life. The ship hull structural failure and associated risk are estimated over the ship’s service life as a function of the design solution. The carbon footprint and cost to mitigate the impact for the entire steel and hybrid ship hull structural solution implemented as a sustainable life cycle solution are analysed where the steel ship hull structure is built through primary construction. The cost of structural measures accounts for redesigning the ship structure and implementing aluminium honeycomb composite panels instead of steel plates, reducing steel weight, environmental pollution and cost and increasing the transported cargo and corrosion degradation resistance. It has been found that design solutions AHS1 and AHS2, in which aluminium honeycomb panels replace the inner steel shell plates, enhance the corrosion degradation resistance, and reduce the ship hull’s lightweight, reflecting a better beta-reliability index at the time of the first repair with a lower repair cost and more transported cargo. The cost of the ship associated with the design solutions AHS1 and AHS2 is about 11% lower than the steel solutions.
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41

Novikov D.V. "Structural transition in cellulose triacetate films." Physics of the Solid State 64, no. 2 (2022): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pss.2022.02.52977.224.

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Electron microscopy data are used to comparative analysis of the topological structure of the surface of two samples of cellulose triacetate (CTA) films. The samples were obtained from CTA solutions without use (sample N 1) and with the use of a small sodium fluoride additive that lowers the viscosity of the solution (sample N2). It is shown that in sample N 1, the nodes of the physical network of macromolecules are periodically alternating regions of local orientation order --- microdomains of average size d~18 nm. In sample N 2, due to repackaging of microdomains on the scale R>d, a uniformly disordered fractal cluster of the mesophase CTA is formed. The fractalization of the surface and the growth of structural anisotropy are consistent with the decrease in the viscosity of the solution and explain the change in the deformation properties of sample N 2 compared to N 1. Keywords: polymer films, electron microscopy, microdomains, mesophase, structural transition, fractal clusters.
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42

Cho, Yoon-Ho, B. Frank McCullough, and José Weissmann. "Considerations on Finite-Element Method Application in Pavement Structural Analysis." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1539, no. 1 (January 1996): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153900113.

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Finite-element models have been applied extensively to the design and analysis of pavement structures. Three types of models have been used to study multilayered pavement structures: plane strain, axisymmetric, and three-dimensional (3-D). The applicability of each these three models and their disadvantages and advantages are discussed. Within the research community, an issue frequently raised about the application of the finite-element method (FEM) to pavement structures is the dependence of the solution on the simplifications that are introduced to reduce computational time and mesh configurations and element size, type, and aspect ratio. This issue is discussed extensively with the primary objective of comparing the solutions derived from FEM models with those from classic mechanistic models. The FEM solutions were derived with a commercial software package, ABAQUS, which is designed as a flexible tool for the implementation of FEM. The solution from the BISAR layered theory model for the traffic loading results was chosen for comparisons with the FEM solution. The 3-D and axisymmetric FEM models yielded results suitable for the traffic loading analysis.
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43

Kovář, P., M. Pelikán, D. Heřmanovská, and I. Vrana. "How to reach a compromise solution on technical and non-structural flood control measures." Soil and Water Research 9, No. 4 (November 10, 2014): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/27/2014-swr.

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Harmful impacts of floods are the result of an interaction between extreme hydrological events and environmental, social, and economic processes. Flood management should consider many diverse aspects and influences and an integrated approach to flood management therefore plays an important role. In order to make an analysis and provide an adequate flood management, it is necessary to bring together a team comprising experts e.g. from the fields of hydrology and water resources, nature protection, risk management, human security, municipal administration, economics, and land use. Estimates by experts can serve finding solutions to given YES/NO problems, and estimating the value of specific attributes or parameters. It is not easy to adopt the solution which represents the best possible agreement among the participating experts, since experts and other participants can represent diverse standpoints. In particular, landowners and leaseholders upstream a catchment are often in a different position than the members of the municipal flood control committee downstream in a city with a high inhabitancy. In order to measure and evaluate the level of agreement between experts and landowners, a newly developed method for assessing the level of agreement and the τ-agreement value was applied. The aim of the present paper is to illustrate the use of a fuzzy-group-agreement decision-making procedure of this kind, involving a broad range of standpoints in a case study of the Zdravá Voda catchment, Žarošice, Czech Republic. This illustration has been made by comparison of hydrological model scenarios with the experts’ decision. The method used in the paper applied towards aggregating expert proposals expressed as fuzzy quantities to propose a binary solution to estimate a decisive parameter numerical value. The decision achieved for the Zdravá Voda catchment was that the efficiency of structural measures (polder) was superior over the non-structural measures (replacement of the arable land by grassland).
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44

Świątek, Z., H. Kazimierczak, P. Ozga, O. Bonchyk, and H. Savytskyy. "Structural and Microstructural Analysis of Zn–Mo Alloy Layers Electrodeposited from Aqueous Citrate Solution." METALLOFIZIKA I NOVEISHIE TEKHNOLOGII 39, no. 11 (February 6, 2018): 1547–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mfint.39.11.1547.

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45

Brill, Markus, Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin, and Warut Suksompong. "Margin of Victory in Tournaments: Structural and Experimental Results." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 6 (May 18, 2021): 5228–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i6.16660.

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Tournament solutions are standard tools for identifying winners based on pairwise comparisons between competing alternatives. The recently studied notion of margin of victory (MoV) offers a general method for refining the winner set of any given tournament solution, thereby increasing the discriminative power of the solution. In this paper, we reveal a number of structural insights on the MoV by investigating fundamental properties such as monotonicity and consistency with respect to the covering relation. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence on the extent to which the MoV notion refines winner sets in tournaments generated according to various stochastic models.
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46

Oanta, Emil. "Original Computer Based Solutions in Structural Studies." Advanced Materials Research 837 (November 2013): 440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.837.440.

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The paper is inspired by the computer based solutions developed over a period of almost 30 years. Thus, the original computer based solutions were developed for a wide range of problems: computer aided geometry for domain definition, data generators for finite element applications, output data file processors with visualization facilities, matrices defined as random access files with a wide range of subsequent applications in several disciplines and domains of science, FDM and FEM applications, customized solutions for heat transfer problems, computational fluid dynamics, experimental data reduction software applications, virtual reality facilities, semi-numeric modeling, computer based decisions. Dedicated solutions were developed for applied elasticity problems related to marine engineering problems as we as naval architecture problems: ship strength computing based on the method of initial parameters, geometrical characteristics of the cross sections, automatic calculus of the stresses of a general-shaped section and others. Most of these applications present the output data in a graphical way, in order to be more relevant for a structural analyst. Another objective was to offer not only values of different parameters, but laws of variation which may be used in other subsequent analytic studies. According to the complexity of the problem to be solved, these applications are in a range which starts at the data-crunching level up to complex and intelligent solutions, some of them being implemented in programs of tens of thousands of computer code lines. The paper presents the main features of each computer based solution, the connectivity with other solutions, the possibility to extend or adapt a given solution for a particular case study. Last but not least, there must be noticed that computer based solutions may be used in several directions of development: research, design and education..
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47

Shao, Dongqing, Qun Zhang, Peng Xu, and Zhouting Jiang. "Effects of the Temperature and Salt Concentration on the Structural Characteristics of the Protein (PDB Code 1BBL)." Polymers 14, no. 11 (May 24, 2022): 2134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14112134.

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The effect of the temperature and salt solution on the structural characteristics of the protein 1BBL was investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The paper presents simulation results regarding the non-bonded energy and the structural stability of the protein immersed in salt solutions with different concentrations and temperatures. Our work demonstrates that the electrostatic potential energy and van der Waals energy of the system show the opposite changes with the influence of the external environment. Since the electrostatic potential energy changes more obviously, it is dominated in the non-bonding interactions. The structural parameters, such as the root mean square deviation and the radius of gyration, increased initially and decreased afterward with the increase of the salt concentration. The protein presented the loose structure with a relative low stability when it was immersed in a monovalent solution with a salt concentration of 0.8 mol/L. The salt concentration corresponding to the maximum value of structural parameters in the monovalent salt solution was double that in the divalent salt solution. It was also concluded that the protein presented a compact and stable structure when immersed in salt solutions with a high concentration of 2.3 mol/L. The analysis of the root mean square deviation and root mean square fluctuation of the protein sample also exhibited that the structural stability and chain flexibility are strongly guided by the effect of the temperature. These conclusions help us to understand the structural characteristics of the protein immersed in the salt solutions with different concentrations and temperatures.
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48

Kim, Ki Sung, Kyung Su Kim, and Ki Sup Hong. "Grillage Optimization with Multiple Objectives." Key Engineering Materials 306-308 (March 2006): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.306-308.517.

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The structural design problems are acknowledged to be commonly multicriteria in nature. The various multicriteria optimization methods are reviewed and the most efficient and easy-to-use Pareto optimal solution methods are applied to structural optimization of grillages under lateral uniform load. The result of the study shows that Pareto optimal solution methods can easily be applied to structural optimization with multiple objectives, and the designer can have a choice from those Pareto optimal solutions to meet an appropriate design environment.
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49

Shinoda, Kozo, Eiichiro Matsubara, Masatoshi Saito, Yoshio Waseda, Tetsuji Hirato, and Yasuhiro Awakura. "Structural Study of Poly-Molybdate Ions in Acid Mo-Ni Aqueous Solutions." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 52, no. 12 (December 1, 1997): 855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1997-1204.

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The atomic structure of poly-molybdate ions formed in acid Ni-Mo aqueous solutions has been determined by applying anomalous X-ray scattering (AXS) and EXAFS methods. In a solution containing only molybdenum ions, we found only a poly-molybdate ion consisting of seven edgesharing MoO6 octahedra. In a solution containing both Mo and Ni ions, there exists another polymolybdate ion consisting of 6 edge-sharing MoO6 surrounding an Ni ion. The total coordination number of Mo and Ni ions around a molybdenum ion is reduced by half when introducing citric ions into the Ni and Mo solution. This indicates that the large poly-molybdate ion is decomposed to smaller molybdate ions when forming citric complexes. Since molybdenum-nickel alloys can not be electrodeposited from solutions without citric ions, we propose a view that the structural change of the poly-molybdate ions in the solutions is closely related with the mechanism of induced codeposition of molybdenum and nickel alloy. The results of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements also support this conclusion.
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50

Liang, Chen, Xiaofeng Wang, Lei Lu, and Pengfei Niu. "A New Method for 3-Satisfiability Problem Solving Space Structure on Structural Entropy." Symmetry 13, no. 11 (October 22, 2021): 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13112005.

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Analyzing the solution space structure and evolution of 3-satisfiability (3-SAT) problem is an important way to study the difficulty of the solving satisfiability (SAT) problem. However, there is no unified analysis model for the spatial structure and evolution of solutions under different constraint densities. The analysis of different phase transition points and solution regions is based on different metric analysis models. The solution space of 3-SAT problem is obtained by planting strategy and belief propagation. According to the distribution of the influence of frozen variables on the solution, a label propagation algorithm based on planting strategy is proposed, is used to find the solution cluster, and then the structure entropy is used to measure its structure information. The structure entropy analysis model of 3-SAT problem solution space is established, and the unified analysis framework of solution space evolution and satisfiability phase transition is given. The experimental results show that the model is effective and can accurately analyze the evolution process of solution space and satisfiability phase transition, and verify the accuracy of interference phase transition point threshold predicted by long-range frustration theory.
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