Academic literature on the topic 'Structural Optimisation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Structural Optimisation"
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Vankan, W. J., R. Maas, and S. Grihon. "Efficient optimisation of large aircraft fuselage structures." Aeronautical Journal 118, no. 1199 (2014): 31–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000008915.
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Abstract This paper presents an innovative optimisation method for aircraft fuselage structural design. Detailed local finite element analyses of panel buckling are further processed such that they can be applied as failure constraints in the global level optimisation. The high computational costs involved with the finite element analyses are limited by advanced use of surrogate modelling methods. This yields high flexibility and efficiency in the local level optimisation procedure and allows for efficient gradient based search methods as well as more costly direct search optimisations like genetic algorithms (GAs). The method is demonstrated on a composite fuselage barrel design case considering common structural sizing variables like thicknesses and stringer dimensions. Optimised barrel designs are obtained where the constraints that are derived from the panel buckling analyses are active. The total computational cost for the complete local and global level optimisation procedures is in the order of days on common-performance hardware.
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Chen, Lian-Meng, Sun-Kai Yan, Zhi-Chao Jiang, et al. "Design Optimisation for Cable Dome Structures Based on Progressive Collapse Resistance." Buildings 13, no. 9 (2023): 2353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092353.
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This study proposed a framework of optimal design for flexible cable dome structures based on progressive collapse resistance. First, a quantitative evaluation method for nonlinear robustness based on robustness control theory to reflect the structural progressive collapse resistance was proposed. Second, an actual engineering structure was used as a case study to evaluate the effects of design parameters on structural robustness. Finally, a genetic algorithm was used as an optimisation algorithm to further optimise the element cross-section and the structural shape and obtain a combined optimisation rate. The results indicated that increasing the element cross-sectional area, decreasing the structural span, and increasing the rise-to-span ratio effectively improved the structural robustness. The structural robustness was also effectively improved through the optimal design of element cross-sections by increasing element cross-sections sensitive to structural robustness and decreasing those insensitive to structural robustness. In this study, the combined optimisation rate was 38.27%, which was not only greater than the individual optimisation rates of 11.2% for element cross-sectional area optimisation and 22.5% for structural shape optimisation but also the sum of these two rates.
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De Wilde, W. P., T. Vandenbergh, and W. Debacker. "Structural optimisation and sustainable design." International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements 3, no. 3 (2015): 187–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/cmem-v3-n3-187-204.
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W. Lim, J., and S. Sivaguru. "Chassis Structural Design of Track Racing One Manned Formula Car." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.32 (2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.32.18396.
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The current work contains the design and optimisation of a spaceframe chassis for a track racing one manned formula car able to participate in the Formula Society of Automotive Engineers (Formula SAE) 2017/2018. Materials, profile cross section types were selected by considering the theories of elastic failure. The structural strength of the chassis was determined by Finite Element Analysis using ABAQUS software by determining the stress distribution during static and dynamic loading in addition to exposing the modal frequencies. Beam elements were used in the finite element model as it provides accurate modelling of small deflection bending responses. A simple baseline chassis design was developed that adheres to the Formula SAE 2017/2018 rules. Optimisations were made in terms of the configuration and material utilisation of the chassis members were done to prevent yielding during the static loading of car components and dynamic loading during acceleration and cornering. Furthermore, the same method of optimisation was used in prevention of the coincidence of natural frequency with the frequency of the engine.
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Ma, Chao, Caiqi Xu, Mohammad Souri, Elham Hosseinzadeh, and Masoud Jabbari. "Multi-Objective Optimisation of the Battery Box in a Racing Car." Technologies 12, no. 7 (2024): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies12070093.
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The optimisation of electric vehicle battery boxes while preserving their structural performance presents a formidable challenge. Many studies typically involve fewer than 10 design variables in their optimisation processes, a deviation from the reality of battery box design scenarios. The present study, for the first time, attempts to use sensitivity analysis to screen the design variables and achieve an efficient optimisation design with a large number of original design variables. Specifically, the sensitivity analysis method was proposed to screen a certain number of optimisation variables, reducing the computational complexity while ensuring the efficiency of the optimisation process. A combination of the Generalised Regression Neural Network (GRNN) and the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) was employed to construct surrogate models and solve the optimisation problem. The optimisation model integrates these techniques to balance structural performance and weight reduction. The optimisation results demonstrate a significant reduction in battery box weight while maintaining structural integrity. Therefore, the proposed approach in this study provides important insights for achieving high-efficiency multi-objective optimisation of battery box structures.
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Ribeiro, Tiago P., Luís F. A. Bernardo, and Jorge M. A. Andrade. "Topology Optimisation in Structural Steel Design for Additive Manufacturing." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (2021): 2112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052112.
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Topology Optimisation is a broad concept deemed to encapsulate different processes for computationally determining structural materials optimal layouts. Among such techniques, Discrete Optimisation has a consistent record in Civil and Structural Engineering. In contrast, the Optimisation of Continua recently emerged as a critical asset for fostering the employment of Additive Manufacturing, as one can observe in several other industrial fields. With the purpose of filling the need for a systematic review both on the Topology Optimisation recent applications in structural steel design and on its emerging advances that can be brought from other industrial fields, this article critically analyses scientific publications from the year 2015 to 2020. Over six hundred documents, including Research, Review and Conference articles, added to Research Projects and Patents, attained from different sources were found significant after eligibility verifications and therefore, herein depicted. The discussion focused on Topology Optimisation recent approaches, methods, and fields of application and deepened the analysis of structural steel design and design for Additive Manufacturing. Significant findings can be found in summarising the state-of-the-art in profuse tables, identifying the recent developments and research trends, as well as discussing the path for disseminating Topology Optimisation in steel construction.
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Tomašić, Dubravko, Dragan Peraković, and Marinko Jurčević. "Interdependence between Inventory Management and Employees’ Satisfaction." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 25, no. 3 (2013): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v25i3.909.
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The study determines the correlation between the application of advanced models and methods of inventory optimisation in the supply chain in relation to the satisfaction of employees who are responsible for managing the inventory optimisation processes. The previous studies confirm that the optimisation of inventory management in the supply chain insures competitive advantages on the market. There is space for further research of impact of the achieved inventory optimisation in the supply chain on the change of the employees’ satisfaction. The paper establishes the interrelation of the interdependence of the achieved inventory optimisations on the satisfaction of the employees and the related synergy effects of acquiring added value of the companies on the market oriented to the satisfaction of the buyers and service users. The research has defined new knowledge in interdependence of inventory management optimisation on the change of indicators of employees’ satisfaction. Based on the performed research an assumption has been created for the design of an application package (so-called XaaS-based services) for the management of interaction processes of inventory optimization in the supply chain, satisfaction of service users and employees.
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Kurcjusz, Małgorzata, Tomasz Sokół, and Agnieszka Chudzińska. "Sizing optimisation of steel truss based on algorithms." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura 22 (July 24, 2023): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspa.2023.22.2.
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Computational methods enable mathematical discretisation in structural design. Thus, thanks to the algorithmic design, the obtained results matrix presents various structurally efficient load-bearing elements. The main aim of this paper is to address the topic of material optimisation in truss bar structures with different approaches. The paper analyses and compares steel truss optimisation based on two software optimisation algorithms (MS Excel and Ansys Mechanical) using gradient and sub-problem methods. The key findings present how effective each method is in structural optimisation and concludes the present study with a roadmap to efficient structural designing of the load-bearing truss elements.
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Jiang, Wei, Weicheng Xie, and Shuai Sun. "Parametric Optimisation Analysis of Micro/Nano-Satellite Flywheels Based on the NSGA-Ⅱ Optimisation Algorithm." Aerospace 9, no. 7 (2022): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9070386.
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As the key mechanism of attitude control of micro/nano-satellites, the flywheel design is mostly based on empirical formulae that do not meet the requirements of lightweight and high-performance micro/nano-satellite platforms. In this paper, the structural shape of micro/nano-satellite flywheels is analysed, and a set of flywheel optimisation methods is proposed to realise the parametric optimisation analysis of the structural shape. First, the general principle of flywheel efficiency is introduced, the optimisation evaluation factor of flywheel design is proposed, and the parametric model of a flywheel structure is established by using the finite element secondary development technology, which can be used to quickly build a finite element model of different dimensions. Second, the optimisation model of flywheels is established while introducing the approximate model algorithm, greatly improving the optimisation efficiency. Considering the phenomenon that the genetic algorithm falls below local optimisation under a large parameter range, the method of initial optimisation is proposed to reduce the upper and lower limits of the optimisation parameters. Finally, the optimal shape of the flywheel is obtained by using the parametric optimisation model of the flywheel. The finite element analysis results show that the flywheel optimisation evaluation factor proposed in this work can effectively improve the comprehensive performance of the flywheel as the optimisation target, and the corresponding optimisation method can be well applied to the engineering application and design of micro/nano-satellite platforms. This can help guide the structural optimisation design of micro/nano-satellite platforms in the future.
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Chiu, Louis N. S., Daniel Stojanov, Bernard Rolfe, and Wen Yi Yan. "Effect of Optimisation Parameters in Topology Optimisation." Key Engineering Materials 725 (December 2016): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.725.529.
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The Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimisation (BESO) method had been used by many authors for the optimisation of structures. This work sets out to investigate the effect of key optimisation parameters utilized in the BESO method, the evolution rate and the filter radius, on the outcome of the optimisation. An understanding of the interaction of these factors in the optimisation process enables a more efficient way to produce optimised components that can fully capitalise on the capabilities of additive manufacturing.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Structural Optimisation"
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Appelo, Sophia Aletta. "Structural optimisation via genetic algorithms." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71907.
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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The design of steel structures needs to incorporate some optimisation procedure that evolves the initial
design into a more economic nal design, where this nal design must still satisfy all the initial design
criteria. A candidate optimisation technique suggested by this research is the genetic algorithm. The
genetic algorithm (GA) is an optimisation technique that was inspired by evolutionary principles, such
as the survival of the ttest (also known as natural selection). The GA operates by generating a
population of individuals which 'compete' with one another in order to survive, or di erently stated,
in order to make it into the next generation. Each individual presents a solution to the problem.
Surviving solutions which propagate through to the next generation are typically 'better' or ' tter'
than the ones that had died o , hence suggesting a process of optimisation. This process continues
until a de ned convergence criteria is met (e.g. speci ed maximum number of generations is reached),
where after the best individual in the population serves as the ultimate solution to the problem.
This study thoroughly investigates the inner workings that drive the algorithm, after which an algorithm
is presented to face the challenges of structural optimisation. This algorithm will be concerned
only with sizing optimisation; geometry, topology and shape optimisation is outside the scope of this
research. The objective of this optimising problem will be to minimise the weight of the structure, it
is assumed that the weight is inversely propotional to the cost of the structure. The motive behind
using a genetic algorithm in this study is largely due to its ability to handle discrete search spaces;
classical search methods are typically limited to some form of gradient search technique for which the
search space must be continuous. The algorithm is also preferred due to its ability to e ciently search
through vast search spaces, which is typically the case for a structural optimisation problem. The genetic algorithm's performance will be examined through the use of bench-marking problems.
Benchmarking is done for both planar and space trusses; the 10 - and 25 bar truss problems. Such
problems are typically analysed with stress and displacement constraints. After the performance of
the algorithm is validated, the study commences towards solving real life practical problems. The rst
step towards solving such problems would be to investigate the 160 bar truss benchmarking problem.
This problem will be slightly adapted by applying South African design standards to the design, SANS
(2005). This approach is more realistic, when compared to simply specifying stress and displacement
constraints due to the fact that an element cannot simply be assigned the same stress constraint for
tension and compression; slenderness and buckling e ects need to be taken into account. For this case,
the search space will no longer simply be some sample search space, but will consist of real sections
taken from the Southern African Steel Construction Handbook, SAISC (2008). Finally, the research
will investigate what is needed to optimise a proper real life structure, the Eskom Self-Supporting
Suspension 518H Tower. It will address a wide variety of topics, such as modelling the structure
as realistically as possible, to investigating key aspects that might make the problem di erent from
standard benchmarking problems and what kind of steps can be taken to over-come possible issues
and errors.
The algorithm runs in parallel with a nite element method program, provided by Dr G.C. van
Rooyen, which analyses the solutions obtained from the algorithm and ensures structural feasibility.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die ontwerp van staal strukture moet 'n sekere optimalisasie proses in sluit wat die aanvanklike ontwerp
ontwikkel na 'n meer ekonomiese nale ontwerp, terwyl die nuwe ontwerp nog steeds aan al die aanvanklike
ontwerp kriteria voldoen. 'n Kandidaat optimeringstegniek wat voorgestel word deur hierdie
navorsing is die genetiese algoritme. Die genetiese algoritme (GA) is 'n optimaliserings tegniek wat ge-
ïnspireer was deur evolusionêre beginsels soos die oorlewing van die sterkste (ook bekend as natuurlike
seleksie). Dit werk deur die skep van 'n bevolking van individue wat 'kompeteer' met mekaar om dit te
maak na die volgende generasie. Elke individu bied 'n oplossing vir die probleem. Oorlewende oplossings
wat voortplant deur middel van die volgende generasie is tipies 'beter' of ' kser' as die individue
wat uitgesterf het, dus word 'n proses van optimalisering word saamgestel. Hierdie proses gaan voort
totdat 'n bepaalde konvergensie kriteria voldoen is (bv. 'n gespesi seerde aantal generasies), waar na
die beste individu in die bevolking dien as die uiteindelike oplossing vir die probleem.
Hierdie studie ondersoek die genetiese algoritme, waarna 'n algoritme aangebied word om die uitdagings
van strukturele optimalisering aan te spreek. Hierdie algoritme het alleenlik te doen met snit
optimalisering; meetkunde, topologie en vorm optimalisering is buite die bestek van hierdie navorsing.
Die motief agter die gebruik van 'n genetiese algoritme in hierdie studie is grootliks te danke aan sy
vermoë om diskrete soek ruimtes te hanteer; klassieke soek metodes word gewoonlik beperk tot 'n
vorm van 'n helling tegniek waarvoor die soektog ruimte deurlopende moet wees. Die algoritme is ook
gekies as gevolg van sy vermoë om doeltre end deur groot soektog ruimtes te soek, wat gewoonlik die
geval vir 'n strukturele probleem met optimering is. Die genetiese algoritme se prestasie sal ondersoek word deur die gebruik van standaarde toetse.
Standarde toetse word gedoen vir beide vlak en ruimte kappe, die 10 - en 25 element vakwerk. Sulke
probleme word tipies met spanning en verplasing beperkings ontleed. Na a oop van die bekragtiging
van die algoritme, word praktiese probleme hanteer. Die eerste stap in die rigting sou wees om die
160 element vakwerk toets probleem te ondersoek. Hierdie probleem sal e ens aangepas word deur
die toepassing van die Suid-Afrikaanse ontwerp standaarde, SANS (2005) aan die ontwerp. Dit is 'n
meer realistiese benadering in vergelyking met net gespesi seerde spanning en verplasing beperkings
as gevolg van die feit dat 'n element nie net eenvoudig dieselfde spanning beperking vir spanning en
druk toegeken kan word nie; slankheid en knik e ekte moet ook in ag geneem word. In hierdie geval
sal die soek ruimte nie meer net meer eenvoudig 'n sekere teoretiese soek ruimte wees nie, maar sal
bestaan uit ware snitte wat uit die Suid Afrikaanse Konstruksie Handboek kom, SAISC (2008). Ten
slotte sal die navorsing ondersoek instel na 'n standaard Eskom Transmissie toring en dit sal 'n wye
verskeidenheid van onderwerpe aanspreek, soos om die modellering van die struktuur so realisties as
moontlik te maak, tot die ondersoek van sleutelaspekte wat die probleem verskillend van standaard
toets probleme maak en ook watter soort stappe geneem kan word om moontlike probleme te oor-kom.
Die algoritme werk in parallel met 'n eindige element metode program, wat deur Dr GC van Rooyen
verskaf is, wat die oplossings ontleed van die algoritme en verseker dat die struktuur lewensvatbaar is.
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Barry, Mamadou Aliou. "Optimisation des structures nanophotoniques pour le photovoltaïque." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAC096/document.
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Ce manuscrit s'attache au problème du design en photonique, à savoir déterminer la meilleure façon d'agencer des éléments nanométriques pour obtenir la réponse optique que l'on désire. Différents algorithmes sont testés. Un algorithme en particulier semble adapté à ce type de problème, et permet de retrouver des structures photoniques présentes dans la nature sur les carapaces de certains insectes ou les ailes de certains papillons. Appliqué à l'anti-reflet d'une cellule photovoltaïque, l'algorithme a permis de trouver une structure contre-intuitive mais particulièrement efficace, ce qui montre tout le potentiel de cette technique<br>The present manuscript deals with the problem of the design in photonics, i.e. to determine which is the best way to assemble nanometric elements to reach a desired optical response. Different algorithms are tested. One algorithm in particular seems well adapted to this kind of problem, and allows to retrieve the most emblematic photonic structures which a present in nature on the tegument of insects or on the wings of butterflies. Applied to the case of an anti-reflective coating for a photovoltaic device, the algorithm has produced a particularly counter intuivite but efficient structure. This clearly demonstrates the potential of such an approach
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Laamiri, Hassan. "Optimisation methods in structural systems reliability." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46878.
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Pritchard, Thomas J. "Novel techniques in structural layout optimisation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419635.
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Buckney, Neil. "Optimisation of wind turbine blade structural topology." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633206.
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Wind turbines become more cost effective as they grow larger; however the blade mass increases at a greater rate than the power. For a continued size increase, reducing the mass of the blades is necessary. Additionally, lighter blades lower overall turbine costs because the loads on the rest of the structure are decreased. Therefore, the use of lightweight blades can have a significant impact on the cost of wind energy. To achieve blade mass reductions, an alternative structural layout is generated using topology optimisation. The result is a topology which varies along the blade length, transitioning from a structure with trailing edge reinforcement to one with offset spar caps. An alternative beam topology optimisation method is developed that enabled a buckling constraint to be applied. The structural efficiency of the topologically optimised blade is then assessed using shape factors and performance indices, measures which have been expanded to account for asymmetric bending of beams with multiple materials. The utility of shape factors is first demonstrated on six example beam sections before being applied to the blade. To demonstrate application to a more refined design, the performance of a 100m wind turbine blade is assessed , using maps to visualise the structural efficiency. The effect of using carbon fibre and offsetting the spar caps is evaluated, providing a greater understanding of the improved designs. Overall , the results show that wind turbine blades can be improved with structural layouts that take advantage of favourable bend-bend coupling between the out-of-plane and in-plane directions. Because traditional design concepts do not account for bending coupling, a missed opportunity for further mass reduction exists. To this day, the structural topology of the blades has remained fixed despite increasing length and changing loads. Topology optimisation and structural efficiency analysis are shown as methods used to challenge this design convention and reduce blade mass, thereby lowering the cost of wind energy.
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Wood, Derren Wesley. "Dual sequential approximation methods in structural optimisation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20033.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation addresses a number of topics that arise from the use of a dual method of sequential
approximate optimisation (SAO) to solve structural optimisation problems. Said approach is
widely used because it allows relatively large problems to be solved efficiently by minimising the
number of expensive structural analyses required. Some extensions to traditional implementations
are suggested that can serve to increase the efficacy of such algorithms. The work presented herein
is concerned primarily with three topics: the use of nonconvex functions in the definition of SAO
subproblems, the global convergence of the method, and the application of the dual SAO approach
to large-scale problems. Additionally, a chapter is presented that focuses on the interpretation of
Sigmund’s mesh independence sensitivity filter in topology optimisation.
It is standard practice to formulate the approximate subproblems as strictly convex, since strict
convexity is a sufficient condition to ensure that the solution of the dual problem corresponds
with the unique stationary point of the primal. The incorporation of nonconvex functions in the
definition of the subproblems is rarely attempted. However, many problems exhibit nonconvex
behaviour that is easily represented by simple nonconvex functions. It is demonstrated herein that,
under certain conditions, such functions can be fruitfully incorporated into the definition of the
approximate subproblems without destroying the correspondence or uniqueness of the primal and
dual solutions.
Global convergence of dual SAO algorithms is examined within the context of the CCSA method,
which relies on the use and manipulation of conservative convex and separable approximations.
This method currently requires that a given problem and each of its subproblems be relaxed to
ensure that the sequence of iterates that is produced remains feasible. A novel method, called the
bounded dual, is presented as an alternative to relaxation. Infeasibility is catered for in the solution
of the dual, and no relaxation-like modification is required. It is shown that when infeasibility is
encountered, maximising the dual subproblem is equivalent to minimising a penalised linear combination
of its constraint infeasibilities. Upon iteration, a restorative series of iterates is produced
that gains feasibility, after which convergence to a feasible local minimum is assured.
Two instances of the dual SAO solution of large-scale problems are addressed herein. The first
is a discrete problem regarding the selection of the point-wise optimal fibre orientation in the
two-dimensional minimum compliance design for fibre-reinforced composite plates. It is solved
by means of the discrete dual approach, and the formulation employed gives rise to a partially
separable dual problem. The second instance involves the solution of planar material distribution
problems subject to local stress constraints. These are solved in a continuous sense using a sparse
solver. The complexity and dimensionality of the dual is controlled by employing a constraint
selection strategy in tandem with a mechanism by which inconsequential elements of the Jacobian of the active constraints are omitted. In this way, both the size of the dual and the amount of
information that needs to be stored in order to define the dual are reduced.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie proefskrif spreek ’n aantal onderwerpe aan wat spruit uit die gebruik van ’n duale metode
van sekwensi¨ele benaderde optimering (SBO; sequential approximate optimisation (SAO)) om
strukturele optimeringsprobleme op te los. Hierdie benadering word breedvoerig gebruik omdat
dit die moontlikheid skep dat relatief groot probleme doeltreffend opgelos kan word deur die aantal
duur strukturele analises wat vereis word, te minimeer. Sommige uitbreidings op tradisionele
implementerings word voorgestel wat kan dien om die doeltreffendheid van sulke algoritmes te
verhoog. Die werk wat hierin aangebied word, het hoofsaaklik betrekking op drie onderwerpe: die
gebruik van nie-konvekse funksies in die defini¨ering van SBO-subprobleme, die globale konvergensie
van die metode, en die toepassing van die duale SBO-benadering op grootskaalse probleme.
Daarbenewens word ’n hoofstuk aangebied wat fokus op die interpretasie van Sigmund se maasonafhanklike
sensitiwiteitsfilter (mesh independence sensitivity filter) in topologie-optimering.
Dit is standaard praktyk om die benaderde subprobleme as streng konveks te formuleer, aangesien
streng konveksiteit ’n voldoende voorwaarde is om te verseker dat die oplossing van die duale
probleem ooreenstem met die unieke stasionˆere punt van die primaal. Die insluiting van niekonvekse
funksies in die definisie van die subprobleme word selde gepoog. Baie probleme toon
egter nie-konvekse gedrag wat maklik deur eenvoudige nie-konvekse funksies voorgestel kan word.
In hierdie werk word daar gedemonstreer dat sulke funksies onder sekere voorwaardes met vrug in
die definisie van die benaderde subprobleme inkorporeer kan word sonder om die korrespondensie
of uniekheid van die primale en duale oplossings te vernietig.
Globale konvergensie van duale SBO-algoritmes word ondersoek binne die konteks van die CCSAmetode,
wat afhanklik is van die gebruik en manipulering van konserwatiewe konvekse en skeibare
benaderings. Hierdie metode vereis tans dat ’n gegewe probleem en elk van sy subprobleme verslap
word om te verseker dat die sekwensie van iterasies wat geproduseer word, toelaatbaar bly. ’n
Nuwe metode, wat die begrensde duaal genoem word, word aangebied as ’n alternatief tot verslapping.
Daar word vir ontoelaatbaarheid voorsiening gemaak in die oplossing van die duaal, en geen
verslappings-tipe wysiging word benodig nie. Daar word gewys dat wanneer ontoelaatbaarheid
te¨engekom word, maksimering van die duaal-subprobleem ekwivalent is aan minimering van sy
begrensingsontoelaatbaarhede (constraint infeasibilities). Met iterasie word ’n herstellende reeks
iterasies geproduseer wat toelaatbaarheid bereik, waarna konvergensie tot ’n plaaslike KKT-punt
verseker word.
Twee gevalle van die duale SBO-oplossing van grootskaalse probleme word hierin aangespreek.
Die eerste geval is ’n diskrete probleem betreffende die seleksie van die puntsgewyse optimale
veselori¨entasie in die tweedimensionele minimum meegeefbaarheidsontwerp vir veselversterkte
saamgestelde plate. Dit word opgelos deur middel van die diskrete duale benadering, en die formulering wat gebruik word, gee aanleiding tot ’n gedeeltelik skeibare duale probleem. Die tweede
geval behels die oplossing van in-vlak materiaalverspredingsprobleme onderworpe aan plaaslike
spanningsbegrensings. Hulle word in ’n kontinue sin opgelos met die gebruik van ’n yl oplosser.
Die kompleksiteit en dimensionaliteit van die duaal word beheer deur gebruik te maak van ’n
strategie om begrensings te selekteer tesame met ’n meganisme waardeur onbelangrike elemente
van die Jacobiaan van die aktiewe begrensings uitgelaat word. Op hierdie wyse word beide die
grootte van die duaal en die hoeveelheid inligting wat gestoor moet word om die duaal te definieer,
verminder.
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Qian, Connie Cheng. "Structural optimisation of discontinuous carbon fibre composites." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14542/.
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There has been a growing interest in using discontinuous carbon fibre composites for semi-structural applications within the automotive industry. The main advantages of discontinuous fibres are low material costs, low wastage and low touch labour compared with processes using carbon fibre textiles. Directed Carbon Fibre Preforming (DCFP) is an automated process for producing complex 3D preforms for liquid moulding. DCFP offers the potential for producing highly optimised structures, with local control over tow size, fibre length and volume fraction within the component. The execution of this is challenging however, as confidence in the current library of material properties is low and existing structural optimisation packages only consider a very limited number of design variables, which are restricted to more conventional composite materials. This thesis aims to establish a structural design tool to exploit the design freedom offered by the DCFP process. A large number of parameters associated with the fibre architecture can be controlled to meet a range of design criterions such as performance, weight and cost. The optimisation tool is capable of generating locally varied fibre areal mass and thickness maps that are suitable for manufacture by the robot controlled process. The developed model adopts a multi-scaled finite element approach. Meso-scale simulations are performed to establish size effects in discontinuous fibre composites, to quantify the level of stochastic variability and to determine the representative volume element for a given fibre architecture. A DCFP material database is generated to facilitate macro-scale modelling at the component level. The macro-scale model iteratively redistributes material in order to minimise the total strain energy of the model under prescribed loading conditions. The optimised model is segmented into areas of uniform areal mass, where the zone geometries are tailored to achieve representative material properties according to the meso-scale results, whilst ensuring the design is fit for manufacture. An automotive spare wheel well has been chosen as a demonstrator component, enabling two DCFP architectures to be compared against a continuous glass/carbon fibre NCF design. The first case offers a high performance (high specific stiffness) solution and the second offers a low cost option using high filament count tows. Following optimisation, results suggest that a 3K 25mm fibre length DCFP option can achieve a specific stiffness 52% higher than the glass/carbon baseline design, but for 1.33 times higher material cost. Alternatively, the specific stiffness of a 24K 50mm fibre length DCFP is marginally lower than the first option, but still out-performs the baseline for just 67% of the material cost. The structural optimisation method demonstrates that discontinuous fibre composites can compete against continuous fibre counterparts for semi-structural applications.
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Uthman, Zana. "Configurational forces in structural and continuum optimisation." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/91/.
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This thesis deals with optimisation using the principles of continuum mechanics. Both shape and mesh optimisation will be covered. A unified approach will be introduced to obtain shape and mesh optimisation for hyperelastic, hyperelastodynamic and hyperelastoplastic settings. The approach makes use of the generated material force method in mesh optimisation and the so-called imposed material force method in shape optimisation. To this end, the appropriate spatial and material continuum mechanic Equations will be developed in hyperelastic, hyperelastodynamic and hyperelastoplastic settings. A summary of the four main parts is as follows. The first part begins with structural optimisation in hyperelastic setting. After introducing the necessary Equations, the effectiveness of the material force method to obtain global optimised solutions for truss structures will be demonstrated. The implementation produces the global optimised undeformed configuration and the global optimised deformed configuration. The shape and mesh optimisation will be tested for two and three dimensional truss structures under small and large deformations. In addition, these formulations will be extended to obtain constrained optimised solutions. The penalty method is used to realise optimised truss structures within certain design criteria. The second part develops a new Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) hyperelastic setting in rate form. It will deal with two systems of partial differential Equations, namely the spatial and the material momentum Equation. Both are discretised with the finite element method. The spatial Equation will then be linearised by taking the material time derivative while the material Equation will be linearised by taking the spatial time derivative. The solution defines the optimal spatial and material configuration in the context of energy minimisation in hyperelastic setting. The implemented examples will illustrate shape optimisation under the effect of mesh refinement The third part provides the formulation and implementation details of ALE hyperelastodynamic problem classes. This ALE formulation is based on the dual balance of momentum in terms of both spatial and material forces. The balance of spatial momentum results in the usual Equation of motion, whereas the balance of the material momentum indicates deficiencies in the nodal positions, hence providing an objective criterion to optimise the finite element mesh. The main difference with traditional ALE approaches is that the combination of the Lagrangian and Eulerian description is no longer arbitrary. In other words the mesh motion is no longer user defined but completely embedded within the formulation. This presents a discretisation and linearisation for a recently developed variational arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian framework in hyperelastodynamics setting. The spatial and material variational Equations will be discretised to obtain the weak form of the momentum and continuity Equations. The discretised ALE Hamiltonian Equations of the spatial motion problem introduces the balance of the discretised spatial momentum and the discretised spatial continuity Equation while the corresponding material motion problem defines the balance of the discretised material (or configurational) momentum and the discretised material continuity Equation. We will deal with two systems of partial differential Equations: the scalar continuity Equation and the vector balance of momentum Equation. The momentum and continuity Equations will then be linearised. The time integration of both the spatial and the material Equations is performed with Newmark scheme. A monolithic solution strategy solving both the spatial and the material momentum Equations has been carried out while updating of the spatial and the material densities were attained through solving the spatial and material continuity Equations (mass conservation). The concept of generated material force has been implemented to optimise the mesh and consequently the wave propagation. The solution defines the optimal spatial and material configuration in the context of energy minimisation. The fourth part provides the framework and implementational details of ALE hyperelastoplasticity problem classes. This ALE formulation is based on the dual balance of momentum in terms of spatial forces (the well-known Newtonian forces) as well as material forces (also known as configurational forces). The balance of spatial momentum results in the usual Equation of motion, whereas the balance of the material momentum indicates deficiencies in the nodal positions, hence providing an objective criterion to optimise the shape or the finite element mesh. The earlier developed ALE hyperelastic setting will provide the platform to extend the formulation to include plasticity. The new ALE hyperelastoplasticity setting will be developed at finite strain. In ALE hyperelastoplastic formulation additional Equations are required to update the stresses. The principle of maximum plastic dissipation as well as the consistency conditions in spatial and material setting will introduce the spatial and material plastic parameters and rate form of the stress-strain relations. The solution defines the optimal spatial and material configuration in the context of energy minimisation in hyperelastoplasticity setting. The concepts of imposed and generated material force are implemented to provide improvements over Lagrangian solutions.
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Liu, Jing-Sheng. "Integrated structural and electromagnetic optimisation of large terrestrial and space antenna structures." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843480/.
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In this study, a novel multi-parameter overall situation optimisation method and mathematical model has been developed for use with terrestrial and space reflector antenna electro-mechanical systems and other metallic and polymer composite civil engineering structures. To satisfy extremely high design requirements, the proposed approach incorporates the objectives from various structural and electromagnetic (EM) performances of the system such as structural frequency, weight, stiffness, strength, reflector surface accuracy, antenna EM efficiency (gain), and radiation patterns at many working/loading cases simultaneously. The optimisation involves geometric and material design variables, and integrated design of composites and structural systems. Various terrestrial, launch and orbital working environments and loading cases which affect antenna performances have been included in the optimisation. These involve self-weight at different elevation attitudes, wind loading, random/dynamic loads and temperature distributions. Both truss and sandwich parabolic reflector panels with honeycomb core and carbon fibre laminate skins stiffened with composite ribs have been optimised. The effects of structural deformation on antenna EM performances have been investigated, modelled and repeatedly analysed in the iterative optimum-seeking procedure. Optical ray tracing, spline function aperture field interpolation, geometric optics aperture integration, Zernike modes analysis and FFT techniques have been used to analyse the EM performances of distorted reflector antennas. An important aspect of the work was the establishment of evaluation criteria in optimising engineering systems. A new method is presented, which can be used as a design review tool to assess the design quality of engineering systems. This systematic method quantitatively evaluates a design from multi-discipline and numerous points of view simultaneously for Pareto optimisation. A general purpose optimisation program MOST (Multifactor Optimisation of Structures Technique) has been developed to implement the proposed approach. MOST has the ability to utilise ABAQUS as an analysis routine for linear and non-linear, static and dynamic structural analysis in the optimisation procedures. Examples are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the optimisation methodology and MOST program system. These examples are: an 8m Cassegrain antenna system, a 3.6x2.6m composite space deployable reflector antenna structure, and two 4m low side-lobe off-set antenna systems (with composite structures). The optimisation results for these antennas show that the optimisation procedures succeed in that at all the working/loading cases the antenna performances have been greatly improved.
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Proos, Kaarel. "Evolutionary structural optimisation as a robust and reliable design tool." Connect to full text, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/519.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2002.<br>Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 28, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Aeronautical, Mechatronic and Mechanical Engineering. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
Books on the topic "Structural Optimisation"
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Bhavikatti, S. S. Structural optimisation using sequential linear programming. Vikas Publishing House Pvt., 2003.
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Bendsøe, Martin P. Optimization of structural topology, shape, and material. Springer, 1995.
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1969-, Tsompanakis Yiannis, Lagaros Nikos D. 1970-, and Papadrakakis Manolis, eds. Structural design optimization considering uncertainties. Taylor & Francis, 2008.
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Croccolo, Dario. Motorbike Suspensions: Modern design and optimisation. Springer London, 2013.
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Kilkki, Juha. Automated formulation of optimisation models for steel beam structures. Lappeenranta University of Technology, 2002.
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1936-, Suh Nam P., ed. Axiomatic design and fabrication of composite structures: Applications in robots, machine tools and automobiles. Oxford University Press, 2005.
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SAS World Conference (6th 1989 Gournay-sur-Marne, France). FEMCAD-89, structural analysis and optimization: Proceedings of the Sixth SAS-World Conference = FEMCAD-89, calcul et optimisation des structures. Edited by Liebowitz Harold 1924-, Davies Glyn A. O, and IITT-International. IITT International, 1989.
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Sáez, Doris. Optimisation of Industrial Processes at Supervisory Level: Application to Control of Thermal Power Plants. Springer London, 2002.
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Plizzari, G. Construction methodologies and structural performance of tunnel linings: Optimisation of the structural, technological and functional performance, of construction methodologies and materials, in tunnel linings. Starrylink Editrice, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Structural Optimisation"
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Jose, Anitta, Rajesh P. Nair, B. Sanoob, and Jose Paul. "Structural Optimisation of Helideck Structure Using FEM." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26365-2_47.
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Wellen, Heinrich, and Peter Bartholomew. "Structural Optimisation in Aircraft Construction." In Computer Aided Optimal Design: Structural and Mechanical Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83051-8_29.
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Jones, R., P. Chaperon, and J. P. G. Sawyer. "Structural Optimisation With Damage Tolerance Constraints." In Ageing Studies and Lifetime Extension of Materials. Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1215-8_66.
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Morris, A. J. "Potential of AI Methods in Optimisation." In Computer Aided Optimal Design: Structural and Mechanical Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83051-8_37.
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Lecina, G. "Design Process with Optimisation Present State." In Computer Aided Optimal Design: Structural and Mechanical Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83051-8_38.
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Querin, O. M., G. P. Steven, and Y. M. Xie. "Advances in Evolutionary Structural Optimisation: 1992-2000." In Topology Optimization of Structures and Composite Continua. Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0910-2_16.
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Jalili, Shahin. "Application of Cultural Algorithms to Structural Optimisation." In Engineering Optimization: Methods and Applications. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4633-2_9.
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Ballo, Federico Maria, Massimiliano Gobbi, Giampiero Mastinu, and Giorgio Previati. "Structural Optimisation in Road Vehicle Components Design." In Optimal Lightweight Construction Principles. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60835-4_13.
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Joseph, Amrutha, and P. E. Kavitha. "Structural Optimisation of Hyperbolic Paraboloid Shell Foundation." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80312-4_35.
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Munk, David J., Gareth A. Vio, Grant P. Steven, and Timoleon Kipouros. "Producing Smart Pareto Sets for Multi-objective Topology Optimisation Problems." In Advances in Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67988-4_10.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Structural Optimisation"
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Broderick, D., R. Kattan, and P. N. H. Wright. "Designing Ships Water Ballast Tanks to Improve the Performance of Coatings." In SSPC 2011. SSPC, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2011-00036.
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Abstract Currently the shipbuilding industry is seeking to minimise to improve corrosion protection provided to the structures which comprise the Water Ballast Tanks (WBT’s) of a vessel. At the design stage two factors could reduce the carbon footprint of the coating process through life material selection and optimising the structural design to facilitate the coating process and maintenance processes. Thus the design stage exerts considerable influence on these two elements and can determine the through life costs and environmental penalties of maintaining the structure. This paper focuses on the material selection and optimisation of structural design with specific application to complex structures in ships (Water Ballast Tanks). It will report on research work being carried out by some of the industry leading organisations in a 3 year programme to look at how to improve the design of complex structures to reduce the total coating required, reduce waste and provide better through life performance with reduced maintenance and repair. By proper consideration of material selection and the structural design, complex designs can be simplified to enable easier surface preparation and application, thus improving the quality of the first time application and hence maximising through life performance. The challenges of proper planning and scheduling to support the better structural design are also addressed and some guidelines are offered to for structural designers to consider.
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Simon, Antje, Thorben Niemann, Ralf Arndt, et al. "OPTIMISATION OF THE STRUCTURAL INSPECTION OF TIMBER BRIDGES USING DIGITAL MODELS." In World Conference on Timber Engineering 2025. World Conference On Timber Engineering 2025, 2025. https://doi.org/10.52202/080513-0341.
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Isakhani, Hamid, Samia Nefti-Meziani, Steve Davis, Amir M. Hajiyavand, and Xiazhen Xu. "Structural Synthesis and Optimisation of a Robotic Gripper Using Generative AI Design." In 2024 IEEE-RAS 23rd International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/humanoids58906.2024.10769886.
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Costa, R., and S. Pinho. "Structural Optimisation for Damage Tolerance." In VIII Conference on Mechanical Response of Composites. CIMNE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/composites.2021.110.
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"Topology Optimisation for High Frequency Vibration Energy Harvesting." In Structural Health Monitoring. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901311-2.
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Abstract. Topology optimisation has been used to design a piezoelectric energy harvester capable of harvesting the vibration present on a helicopter gearbox. The gearbox vibrations, with frequencies in the kilo-hertz range and having amplitudes of 10-100g (where g = 9.81 m/s2), are generated by gear-meshing within the transmission. These accelerations, large in amplitude and high in frequency, are ideal sources for vibration energy harvesting, with the harvested power potentially used to power autonomous condition-based-maintenance systems. This paper will discuss the first and simplest of the harvesters that were designed and manufactured, i.e. a 0.51 mm thick spring steel cantilever that uses a Pz27 piezoceramic transducer, which is sensitive to 1900 Hz gearbox vibrations and can produce 300 µW from a 2g host acceleration.
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BALLISAT, ALEXANDER, PAUL WILCOX, and ANTHONY CROXFORD. "Model Based Optimisation of Ultrasonic Corrosion Measurement." In Structural Health Monitoring 2019. DEStech Publications, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2019/32205.
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Coenders, Jeroen, and Hamish Pearse-Danker. "Integration of manufacturability in structural optimisation." In IABSE Symposium, Weimar 2007: Improving Infrastructure Worldwide. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137807796120210.
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FIERRO, GIAN PIERO MALFENSE, and MICHELE MEO. "TOWARDS OPTIMISATION OF FORCED HEATING AND COOLING AUTOMATED INFRARED THERMOGRAPH." In Structural Health Monitoring 2023. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2023/36730.
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Arguably the two most important characteristics (other than quality of inspection) of non-destructive evaluation (NDE) methods are speed and non-contact inspection. These attributes coupled with real-time, automated, online and/or in-situ methods give an insight into what is expected of future inspection systems. Thermographic imaging methods over the years have been found to be well suited to meet some of these requirements. In this work a novel real-time low-cost automated heating and cooling thermographic system tailored for use within the Industry 4.0 paradigm is evaluated. The focus of this work was to improve damage detection and imaging by the optimisation of heating and/or cooling of components after manufacturing or during maintenance cycles. By changing the heating and cooling patterns during real-time automated inspection the thermographic process can be optimised for damage detection. A carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite sample with flat bottom holes (FBH) was used to evaluate the effective of changing heating and cooling patterns. The system was assessed using three heating/cooling profiles: heating only (HO), cooling only (CO) and heating and cooling (HC). The results show that heating and cooling patterns can play an important role in improving the effectiveness of thermography.
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Akgün, Özgür, Saad Attieh, Ian P. Gent, et al. "A Framework for Constraint Based Local Search using Essence." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/173.
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Structured Neighbourhood Search (SNS) is a framework for constraint-based local search for problems expressed in the Essence abstract constraint specification language. The local search explores a structured neighbourhood, where each state in the neighbourhood preserves a high level structural feature of the problem. SNS derives highly structured problem-specific neighbourhoods automatically and directly from the features of the Essence specification of the problem. Hence, neighbourhoods can represent important structural features of the problem, such as partitions of sets, even if that structure is obscured in the low-level input format required by a constraint solver. SNS expresses each neighbourhood as a constrained optimisation problem, which is solved with a constraint solver. We have implemented SNS, together with automatic generation of neighbourhoods for high level structures, and report high quality results for several optimisation problems.
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BARTHOLOMEW, P. "A New Approach to the Optimisation of Structures Subject to Frequency Constraints." In 31st Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1990-1092.
Full textReports on the topic "Structural Optimisation"
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Leidermark, Daniel, and Magnus Andersson, eds. Reports in Applied Mechanics 2022. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789180754156.
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This is the first volume of the concurring series of Reports in Applied Mechanics, which is based on the outcome of the advanced project course TMPM07 in Applied Mechanics at Link¨oping University during the autumn of 2022. The course lay-up is based on several industrial related projects within the field of Solid Mechanics, concerning fatigue, topology optimisation, structural dimensioning, contacts etc, and Fluid Mechanics, concerning fluid dynamics, flow, aerodynamics, heat transfer etc. The students tackle industry relevant projects in close collaboration with industry from near and neighbouring regions and work in project groups to solve the given tasks within the time limit of the course. Close collaboration with the industry is necessary to define planning, update and feedback for further evaluation at the industry. Three projects were performed during the course of 2022, two within Solid Mechanics and one in Fluid Mechanics. The projects were all performed in tight collaboration with industry partners, and had a close application to real industrial problems. A good opportunity for the students to show-off all their gained knowledge and apply in the best possible way to make innovative solutions in the respective projects. Something they all managed to do with success!
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Eriksson, Robert, and Magnus Andersson. Reports in Applied Mechanics 2023. Edited by Daniel Leidermark. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789180755917.
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This is the second volume of the concurring series of Reports in Applied Mechanics, which is based on the outcome of the advanced project course TMPM10 in Applied Mechanics at Linköping University during the autumn of 2023. The course lay-up is based on several industrial or in-house research related projects within the field of Solid Mechanics concerning fatigue, topology optimisation, structural dimensioning, contacts etc, and Fluid Mechanics concerning fluid dynamics, flow, aerodynamics, heat transfer etc. The students tackle industry or forefront research relevant projects in close collaboration with industry from near and neighbouring regions or the university and work in project groups to solve the given tasks within the time limit of the course. Close collaboration with the industry is necessary to define planning, update and feedback for further evaluation at the industry. This year there were a total of six projects performed during the course of 2023, four within Solid Mechanics and two in Fluid Mechanics. Some projects were performed in tight collaboration with industry partners, and had a close application to real industrial problems. The other were related to in-house research projects, pushing the research front forward. This has been a good opportunity for the students to show-off all their gained knowledge and apply it in the best possible way to make innovative solutions in the respective projects. Something they all managed to do with success!
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Andersson, Magnus. Reports in Applied Mechanics 2024. Edited by Daniel Leidermark. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3384/9789180759458.
Full textAbstract:
This is the third volume of the concurring series of Reports in Applied Mechanics, which is based on the outcome of the advanced project course TMPM10 in Applied Mechanics at Link¨oping University during the autumn of 2024. The course lay-up is based on several industrial or in-house research related projects within the field of Solid Mechanics concerning fatigue, topology optimisation, structural dimensioning, contacts etc, and Fluid Mechanics concerning fluid dynamics, flow, aerodynamics, heat transfer etc. The students tackle industry or forefront research relevant projects in close collaboration with industry from near and neighbouring regions or the university and work in project groups to solve the given tasks within the time limit of the course. Close collaboration with the industry/university is necessary to define planning, update and feedback for further evaluation at the industry/university. This year there were a total of nine projects performed during the course of 2024, seven within Solid Mechanics and two in Fluid Mechanics. Some projects were performed in tight collaboration with industry partners, and had a close application to real industrial problems. The other were related to in-house research projects, pushing the research front forward. New knowledge had to be learned and skills were obtained. This has been a good opportunity for the students to show-off all their gained knowledge and apply it in the best possible way to make innovative solutions in the respective projects. Something they all managed to do with success! Daniel Leidermark & Magnus Andersson
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Fent, Thomas, Stefan Wrzaczek, Gustav Feichtinger, and Andreas Novak. Fertility decline and age-structure in China and India. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/0x003f0d14.
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China and India, two Asian countries that experienced a rapid decline in fertility since the middle of the twentieth century, are the focus of this paper. Although there is no doubt that lower fertility levels have many positive effects on the economy, development and sustainability, little is known about the optimal transition from high to medium or even low levels of fertility. Firstly, implementing policies that have the potential to reduce fertility is costly. Secondly, additional costs arise from adapting the infrastructure to a population that fluctuates quickly not only in terms of size but also with respect to the age structure. We apply an intertemporal optimisation model that takes the costs and benefits of fertility decline into account. The optimal time path depends on the cost structure, the planning horizon and the initial conditions. In the case of a long planning horizon and high initial fertility, it may even be optimal to reduce fertility temporarily below replacement level in order to slow down population growth at an early stage. A key finding of our formal investigation is that, under the same plausible parameter settings, the optimal paths for China and India differ substantially. Moreover, our analysis shows that India, where the fertility decline emerged as a consequence of societal and economic developments, followed a path closer to the optimal fertility transition than China, where the fertility decline was state-imposed. The mathematical approach deployed for this analysis provides insights into the optimal long-term development of fertility and allows for policy conclusions to be drawn for other countries that are still in the fertility transition process.
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J. Caron, Daniel, Vincent Nicolini, Alan Bernardi, and Aude Motulsky. État de situation, constatations et pistes de réflexion pour la transformation des services préhospitaliers vers le numérique. CIRANO, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54932/vwbb9543.
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Dans le but d’accompagner les services préhospitaliers d’urgence du Québec dans leur transformation vers le numérique, ce rapport de recherche examine les défis et les leviers à une transformation vers le numérique réussie selon trois perspectives : la technologie, le fonctionnement et la gouvernance. Sur le plan technologique, les auteurs constatent que plusieurs chantiers sont en cours simultanément et que les solutions technologiques sont développées de manière locale sans normes nationales établies. Au niveau du fonctionnement, la standardisation des opérations est vue positivement, bien qu’il soit important de laisser une marge de manœuvre pour tenir compte des particularités régionales. Une optimisation du fonctionnement des opérations pourrait aussi passer par une meilleure intégration au continuum de soins. Du côté de la gouvernance, les Centres de communication de santé (CCS) s’accommodent généralement bien de la structure de gouvernance actuelle, mais les relations entre les acteurs sont inégales d’une région à l’autre. La conciliation entre les perspectives des différents acteurs impliqués (privés, publics, OBNL) représente un irritant pour la gouvernance des services préhospitaliers dans certaines régions. Leurs analyses et constats s’appuient sur (1) une revue de la littérature scientifique, (2) un inventaire technologique sommaire des différents CCS basé sur des entretiens et une revue documentaire, ainsi que (3) la réalisation d’entretiens semi-dirigés auprès de l’ensemble des intervenants clés des CCS, des CISSS et CIUSS et de représentants du ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux (MSSS).