Relevant bibliographies by topics / Structural frames

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Structural frames'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Structural frames"

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Javed, Ali, Chaitanya Krishna, Khawaja Ali, Muhammad Faheem Ud Din Afzal, Armin Mehrabi, and Kimiro Meguro. "Micro-Scale Experimental Approach for the Seismic Performance Evaluation of RC Frames with Improper Lap Splices." Infrastructures 8, no. 3 (March 15, 2023): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures8030056.

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Reinforced concrete (RC) frames are an integral part of modern construction as they resist both gravity and lateral loads in beams and columns. However, the construction methodologies of RC frames are vulnerable to non-engineering defects, particularly in developing countries. The most common non-engineering defect occurs due to improper lap splice, which can compromise the structural integrity. This research demonstrates an easy, low-cost, and verifiable experimental technique incorporating micro-concrete to evaluate the seismic performance of a completely engineered RC frame with the defect of improper lap splice. The micro-concrete was prepared by using the locally available material for a target compressive strength and then two scaled-down RC frames (1/16 scale) were prepared, including one proper frame and another with improper lap splice. Finally, these frames were tested on a shake table to study their behavior under various seismic loading conditions. This study quantifies the severity of high-risk structural systems due to non-engineering defects. The experimental results demonstrate that improper lap splice can alter the frame’s damage points, triggering the failure of the whole structure.
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Coffield, Amy, and Hojjat ADELI. "IRREGULAR STEEL BUILDING STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO BLAST LOADING." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 22, no. 1 (December 18, 2015): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2015.1073172.

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In seismic design, structural irregularity has been found to have a significant influence on structural response. The impact of structural irregularity on the global response of steel frame structures subjected to blast loading has not been examined. In the paper, six seismically designed steel framed structures are considered: moment resisting frames (MRF), concentrically braced frames (CBF) and eccentrically braced frames (EBF) each with geometric irregularity in the plan and with a geometric irregularity in the elevation. The blast loads are assumed to be unconfined, free air burst detonated 15 ft from one of the center columns. The structures are modeled and analyzed using the Applied Element Method, which allows the structure to be examined during and through structural failure. A plastic hinge analysis is performed as well as a comparative analysis observing roof deflection and acceleration to determine the effect of geometric irregularity under extreme blast loading conditions. Two different blast locations are examined. Conclusions of this research are a concentrically braced frame provides somewhat of a higher level of resistance to blast loading for irregular structures and geometric irregularity has an impact on the response of a structure subjected to blast loading.
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Pakizeh, Mohammad Rezaeian, Abdul Kadir Marsono, and Masine M. Tap. "Structural System of Safe House against Tornado and Earthquakes." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.449.

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Every year earthquakes, tornadoes and other extreme windstorm cause fatalities or even kill people, devastate and millions of dollars worth of property. The likelihood that a tornado will strike building is a matter of probability. The study describes the analysis and design, the engineering process the new type of tornado safe room (Fig. 1) according to the FEMA guidance. It also evaluates the effects of in-fill frames and the linear response of reinforced concrete braced frames and comparison with frames with shear wall. The main conclusion drawn from this study is to elaborate that the masonry in-fills, are strongly influence the structural seismic response and contribute to the overall stiffness and can decrease drifts and displacements. Infill walls have significant role in the strength and ductility of RC framed structures and should be considered in both analysis and design globally. These walls make the structure significantly stiffer, and reduce the natural period of the structure. Locally, infill walls changed the load path, the distribution of forces between different elements of the structure, and the change the demand of forces on their adjacent elements of the bounding frame. Due to the high relative stiffness of the infill frames, they act as the main lateral load-resisting system and attract larger portions of the earthquake and tornado induced inertia forces.
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Soetanto, R., J. Glass, A. R. J. Dainty, and A. D. F. Price. "Structural frame selection: case studies of hybrid concrete frames." Building Research & Information 35, no. 2 (March 20, 2007): 206–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613210600809029.

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Mo, Y. L., and S. F. Perng. "Behavior of Framed Shearwalls Made of Corrugated Steel under Lateral Load Reversals." Advances in Structural Engineering 3, no. 3 (July 2000): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369433001502184.

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Reinforced concrete buildings with shearwalls are very efficient to resist earthquake disturbances. In general, reinforced concrete frames are governed by flexure and low-rise shearwalls are governed by shear. If a structure includes both frames and shearwalls, it is generally governed by shearwalls. However, the ductility of ordinary reinforced concrete framed shearwalls is very limited. The experiments on framed shearwalls made of corrugated steel was recently reported. It was found that the ductility of framed shearwalls can be greatly improved if the thickness of the corrugated steel wall is appropriate to the surrounding reinforced concrete frame. If the thickness of the corrugated steel wall is too large when compared to the surrounding frame, the ductility will be reduced. It is shown in this paper that the fiber-reinforced plastic composites can be used to strengthen the critical regions of the reinforced concrete frames, so that the seismic behavior (including ductility and energy dissipation capability) is greatly improved.
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Park, Seon-Chee, Won-Kee Hong, Sunkuk Kim, and Xiangyu Wang. "Mathematical Model of Hybrid Precast Gravity Frames for Smart Construction and Engineering." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/916951.

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The structural stability, constructability, economic feasibility, environmental-friendliness, and energy efficiency of hybrid composite frame systems have been demonstrated by practical application and research. A hybrid composite frame system combines the economy of precast concrete structures with the constructability of steel frame structures, including erection speed. Novel composite frames will ultimately maximize the efficiency of structural design and facilitate construction. This paper presents hybrid precast frames, which are precast composite frames based on a simple connection between precast concrete columns and beams. The hybrid precast frames designed to resist gravity loading consist of PC columns, PC beams, and steel inserted in the precast members. Steel sections located between the precast columns were simply connected to steel inserted at each end of the precast beams. Dynamic analysis of a 15-story building designed with the proposed composite frame was performed to determine the dynamic characteristics of a building constructed of hybrid frames, including frequencies and mode shapes.
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Kumar, Puneet, and Gaurav Srivastava. "Numerical modeling of structural frames with infills subjected to thermal exposure." Journal of Structural Fire Engineering 8, no. 3 (September 11, 2017): 218–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsfe-05-2017-0031.

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PurposeReinforced concrete structural frames with masonry infills (infill-frames) are commonly used for construction worldwide. While the behavior of such frames has been studied extensively in the context of earthquake loading, studies related to their fire performance are limited. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the behavior of infill-frames under fire exposure by presenting a state-of-the-art literature review of the same.Design/methodology/approachBoth experimental and computational studies have been included with a special emphasis on numerical modeling (simplified as well as advanced). The cold behavior of the infill-frame and its design requirements in case of fire exposure are first reviewed to set the context. Subsequently, the applicability of numerical modeling strategies developed for modeling cold infill-frames to simulate their behavior under fire is critically examined.FindingsThe major hurdles in developing generic numerical models for analyzing thermo-mechanical behavior of infill-frames are identified as: lack of temperature-dependent material properties, scarcity of experimental studies for validation and idealizations in coupling between thermal and structural analysis.Originality valueThis study presents one of the most popular research problems connected with practical and reliable utilization of numerical models, as a good alternative to expensive traditional furnace testing, in assessing fire resistance of infill-frames. It highlights major challenges in thermo-mechanical modeling of infill-frames and critically reviews the available approaches for modeling infill-frames subjected to fire.
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Dhinakaran, S., and S. Muthukumar. "A Review on Infilled frame Structure with respective of various Interface Materials." E3S Web of Conferences 387 (2023): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338703001.

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During major earthquakes, existing buildings have collapsed or suffered serious damage, resulting in number of losses, severe injuries, and deaths. Based on literature, the influence of this work reviewed the effects of interface with different materials and also to find how infilled frames behave in framed structure. This study's primary goal is to strengthen RC-framed structures and increase the ductility of infilled frames by using interface materials. The research offers a full range and points relevant to ductile parameters for more results in the field of infilled frames using interface materials. In parametric investigation the interface material with interface thickness and the combination of interface material with a particular frame, from that optimum value to be identified. This research benefits researchers, professionals, and specialists the behaviour of various structural systems, as well as innovative mitigation techniques that have been used in the literature to build progressive collapse resistance experimentally.
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Oh, Sang Hoon, and Hong Sik Ryu. "Seismic Performance of Steel Frames for Sustainable Structural System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2705.

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A test on a full-scale model of a three-spans and two-story steel moment frame with dampers and releasable slab was conducted. The details of the test frames, test instruments, set-up procedures, and test procedures were presented. The column and beam were connected by dampers that could initiate the plastic deformation during cyclic loading before damage occurred in the beam and column. The precast concrete slab was designed to be releasable and for saving story height. The primary objective of this test was to verify structural performance and constructability of a full-scale sustainable steel frame. Test results confirm that the sustainable frame showed stable hysteretic behavior without any serious damage up to a drift angle of 1/12; and the sustainable frames were released systematically in spite of serious cyclic loading.
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Dawe, J. L., A. B. Schriver, and C. Sofocleous. "Masonry infilled steel frames subjected to dynamic load." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 6 (December 1, 1989): 877–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l89-130.

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Experimentally determined dynamic responses of ten scale models of masonry infilled steel frames were compared with the results of three simple analytical models. Effects investigated included stiffening and strengthening contribution of the masonry infill, degradation of the system, motion intensity, frame stiffness, and rotational joint rigidity at slab-to-column intersections. Tests on one-third scale models, subjected to sinusoidal motions, revealed that masonry infill markedly increases the dynamic strength and stiffness of the system. At weak-to-moderate motions (below 0.5 g), models exhibited a nonlinear response before the final failure, while strong motions accelerated the system degradation rate. Stiffer frames and rotationally rigid joints resulted in significantly increased system dynamic strength. A braced frame model wherein cross-bracing replaces the panel action adequately predicted linear and lower-region nonlinear responses of infilled frames with flexible column-to-slab rotational conditions. Satisfactory predictions of the linear response of framed walls with rigid column-to-slab rotational conditions were made with a single degree of freedom model. The third analytical model based on an equivalent strut technique was found to be unsatisfactory for predicting dynamic response of masonry infilled frames. Key words: masonry panel, steel frame, shear, dynamic, analytical, experimental.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Structural frames"

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Rudman, Chantal. "Investigation into the structural behaviour of portal frames." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1853.

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Mohamed, Salah-Eldin A. "Elastic-plastic instability of plane frames." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12092.

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White, M. J. "Dynamic characteristics of infilled frames." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355241.

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Yan, Zhihao, and 阎志浩. "Nonlinear dynamic analysis and strcutural identification of frames." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43224076.

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Yan, Zhihao. "Nonlinear dynamic analysis and strcutural identification of frames." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43224076.

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Dai, Li. "Design and structural analysis of sofa frames." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-10262007-100150.

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羅征桂 and Ching-quei Lo. "Study of multibay and multistorey infilled frames." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31231640.

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Lo, Ching-quei. "Study of multibay and multistorey infilled frames /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12428620.

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Sawan, Hassan Tayseer. "NONLINEAR STABILITY OF PORTAL FRAMES WITH ELASTIC END RESTRAINTS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275410.

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Kaveh, Mohammad. "Topological optimization of rigidly jointed space frames." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238227.

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Books on the topic "Structural frames"

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Colombo, Isabella Giorgia, Matteo Colombo, Marco di Prisco, Anna Magri, Paolo Martinelli, Letizia Mazzoleni, and Giulio Zani. Structural Analysis of Plane Frames. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35267-6.

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Limited, Trent Concrete Structures, ed. Trent T6 precast concrete structural frames. Nottingham: Trent Concrete Structures Ltd, 1990.

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Brigginshaw, G. F. A new era for structural frames. [Leicester?]: [Precast Concrete Frame Association?], 1987.

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Heyman, Jacques. Plastic design of frames. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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Chen, W. F. Stability design of semi-rigid frames. New York: Wiley, 1996.

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Filipovski, Atanas. Osnovi na čelični konstrukcii. Skopje: Tanas Filipovski, 2000.

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Niu, Chùn-yun. Airframe structural design: Practical design information and data on aircraft structures. Hong Kong: Conmilit Press, 1988.

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Harris, Harry G. Structural modeling and experimental techniques. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1999.

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Vorlíček, Miloš. Geometrická přesnost stavebních konstrukcí. Praha: Academia, 1985.

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Chen, W. F. Structural stability: Theory and implementation. New York: Elsevier, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Structural frames"

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Hartmann, Friedel, and Casimir Katz. "Frames." In Structural Analysis with Finite Elements, 211–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05423-9_3.

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Paz, Mario. "Three-dimensional Frames." In Structural Dynamics, 380–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9907-0_17.

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Paz, Mario. "Three-dimensional Frames." In Structural Dynamics, 491–510. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0018-2_17.

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Paz, Mario. "Three-dimensional Frames." In Structural Dynamics, 380–94. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7918-2_17.

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Jeż, Łukasz, Yishay Mansour, and Boaz Patt-Shamir. "Scheduling Multipacket Frames with Frame Deadlines." In Structural Information and Communication Complexity, 76–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25258-2_6.

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McKenzie, William M. C., and Binsheng Zhang. "Pin-Jointed Frames." In Examples in Structural Analysis, 62–156. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003195245-3.

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McKenzie, William M. C., and Binsheng Zhang. "Rigid-Jointed Frames." In Examples in Structural Analysis, 318–461. 3rd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003195245-5.

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Paz, Mario. "Dynamic Analysis of Plane Frames." In Structural Dynamics, 343–63. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9907-0_15.

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Paz, Mario, and William Leigh. "Dynamic Analysis of Plane Frames." In Structural Dynamics, 353–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0481-8_11.

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Paz, Mario, and William Leigh. "Dynamic Analysis of Grid Frames." In Structural Dynamics, 381–405. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0481-8_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Structural frames"

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Lyu, Naesung, and Kazuhiro Saitou. "Decomposition-Based Assembly Synthesis of Space Frame Structures Using Joint Library." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57301.

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This paper presents a method for identifying the optimal designs of components and joints in the space frame body structures of passenger vehicles considering structural characteristics, manufacturability and assembleability. Dissimilar to our previous work based on graph decomposition, the problem is posed as a simultaneous determination of the locations and types of joints in a structure and the cross sections of the joined structural frames, selected from a predefined joint library. The joint library is a set of joint designs containing the geometry of the feasible joints at each potential joint location and the cross sections of the joined frames, associated with their structural characteristics as equivalent torsional springs obtained from the finite element analyses of the detailed joint geometry. Structural characteristics of the entire structure are evaluated by finite element analyses of a beam-spring model constructed from the selected joints and joined frames. Manufacturability and assembleability are evaluated as the manufacturing and assembly costs estimated from the geometry of the components and joints, respectively. The optimization problem is solved by a multi-objective genetic algorithm using a direct crossover. A case study on an aluminum space frame (ASF) of a middle size passenger vehicle is discussed.
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KAMAL, MAYANK, and SAUVIK BANERJEE. "VIBRATION BASED DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION IN WELDED ASYMMETRICAL STEEL FRAMES USING REGULARIZATION TECHNIQUES." In Structural Health Monitoring 2023. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2023/36811.

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The damage identification problem for a frame structure can be formulated in a linear equation in the form Aθ = b. In this formulation, matrix A represents the FE model parameters, vector θ represents the change in state variables or the mathematical parameters which are to be determined, and vector b represents the response to an external excitation. In the real test case, the matrix A can be rectangular, and the linear relation is an over-determined and ill-posed problem. The results of these ill-posed problems are non-continuous and thus require special solution techniques like regularization techniques for getting a solution. This study is aimed at damage identification based on the vibration analysis of asymmetrical multistory plane frame structures with welded joints. Time-domain response analysis assisted by various regularization techniques is used to identify the damage in the portal frame structures, which is caused due to loss of stiffness. Initially, the effectiveness of the regularization method is examined by considering a one-story steel frame with welded connection, which is then analyzed analytically with FE formulation by simulating single damage cases. The analysis has been extended for an instrumented multistory asymmetrical plane frame structures for single damage cases with static analysis. Various regularization techniques like Lð regularization or Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), Lï regularization, elastic net regularization, and linear regression are used to study their effectiveness in the damage identification without doing model updating of the numerical model. In the study, the Lð regularization gives better results than other methods for a single damage case. The damage identification in asymmetrical steel frames needs to be better studied, and this study can be replicated for more complex steel structures for real-life damage scenarios. This can be developed as a real-time standalone early warning system for important steel frame structures, thus ensuring their timely maintenance and continuous sustainable use.
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Schioler, T., and S. Pellegrino. "Multi-configuration Space Frames." In 45th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics & Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2004-1529.

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CANFIELD, ROBERT. "Design of frames against buckling using a Rayleigh Quotient Approximation." In 33rd Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-2249.

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Issa, H. K. "Simplified structural analysis of steel portal frames developed from structural optimization." In OPTI2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/op120051.

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Ye, Hua, and Sergio Pellegrino. "Bi-stable Space Frames." In 46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2005-1870.

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DING, Y., and B. ESPING. "Optimum design of frames with beams of different cross-sectional shapes." In 27th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1986-918.

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CHUANG, CHING, and GENE HOU. "Eigenvalue sensitivity analysis of planar frames with variable jointand support locations." In 32nd Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1991-1091.

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Heidari, Alireza, Vera V. Galishnikova, and Iradj Mahmoudzadeh Kani. "A Protective Structure, Saver During Structural Collapse." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47076.

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In this paper a new protective structure is designed to save human life, in the event of the structural collapse due to an earthquake, terrorist attack or other catastrophic events. The life-saver device discussed here is a moment resisting 3-D steel or composite frames that encapsulates a single or double bedstead, board in the kitchen, worktable in the office or other cases as appropriate. The frame consists of a number of beam-columns of angle cross-section bolted together by gusset plates and topped with a thin steel plate or a rectangular rebar mesh. The collapse of walls and ceiling on top of this structure will result in large plastic deformations in various sections of the frame whereby the energy of the falling debris is dissipated. Despite these large deflections, no harm is inflicted upon the people sleeping inside the frame. The physical behavior of this new life-saving device under real situation of structural collapse also is modeled in ANSYS LS-DYNA software. Combined nonlinear analysis of the frame is performed under dynamic loads developed; the stresses and deformations are carried out. Austenitic twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) steel which has a good combination of both strength and ductility also has been used for modeling and designing this structure and the results has been compared with ordinary steels. The design is verified for the emergency limit state considering the safety of people inside the protective structure.
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Pearson, Dustin, Robert Hindley, and John Crocker. "Icebreaker Grillage Structural Interaction and the Characteristic Stiffness Curve." In SNAME 5th World Maritime Technology Conference. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/wmtc-2015-159.

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The structural components of a typical icebreaker hull grillage section consist of hull plating, main frames, web frames and stringers. The grillage section is the main structure resisting local ice loads during icebreaking and maneuvering operations. As such, the structural integrity of the icebreaker is largely dependent on the design strength of the grillage sections along the length of the vessel. The latest release of the IACS Unified Requirements for Polar Ships specifically pertains to structural design of these local grillage sections. Within the IACS Unified Requirements, prescriptive formulas are used to define the hull plating and main frame strength requirements as a function of stiffening direction, longitudinal/vertical location and operational requirements. The stringer and web frame stability requirements however, are limited to meeting empirical criteria. Limited examples of stringer and web frame prescriptive design strength formulations are available in the literature. These formulations may lead to an overly conservative stringer or web frame section design due to the challenge of representing the grillage section structural component interaction. To properly understand the structural interaction of icebreaker grillage section components, LR has used nonlinear finite element methods to compute the characteristic stiffness curve well into plasticity. The characteristic stiffness curve is considered representative of the effective structural interaction of the section components and has been found to relate directly to the section design methodology (elastic or plastic). This paper presents the development of these stiffness curves; the relationship between stiffness curve characteristics and design methodology; and how stiffness curves may be used for structural design and verification.
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Reports on the topic "Structural frames"

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Flanagan, R. D. Behavior of structural clay tile infilled frames. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/130659.

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Bennett, R. M., J. J. Fowler, and R. D. Flanagan. Shake table testing of structural clay tile infilled frames. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/414624.

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Fowler, Joele Johnston. Analysis of dynamic testing performed on structural clay tile infilled frames. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/125378.

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Shen, Yanfei, Rolando Chacon, Itsaso Arrayago, and Esther Real. ON THE INFLUENCE OF INITIAL GEOMETRIC IMPERFECTIONS AND SECOND ORDER EFFECTS ON THE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL FRAMES. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2018.p.070.

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5

Hammad, Ali, and Mohamed Moustafa. Seismic Behavior of Special Concentric Braced Frames under Short- and Long-Duration Ground Motions. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/zont9308.

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Over the past decade, several long-duration subduction earthquakes took place in different locations around the world, e.g., Chile in 2010, Japan in 2011, China in 2008, and Indonesia in 2004. Recent research has revealed that long-duration, large-magnitude earthquakes may occur along the Cascadia subduction zone of the Pacific Northwest Coast of the U.S. The duration of an earthquake often affects the response of structures. Current seismic design specifications mostly use response spectra to identify the hazard and do not consider duration effects. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the effect of the duration of the ground motion on structural performance and its design implications is an important issue. The goal of this study was to investigate how the duration of an earthquake affects the structural response of special concentric braced frames (SCBFs). A comprehensive experimental program and detailed analytical investigations were conducted to understand and quantify the effect of duration on collapse capacity of SCBFs, with the goal of improving seismic design provisions by incorporating these effects. The experimental program included large-scale shake table tests, and the analytical program consisted of pre-test and post-test phases. The pre-test analysis phase performed a sensitivity analysis that used OpenSees models preliminarily calibrated against previous experimental results for different configuration of SCBFs. A tornado-diagram framework was used to rank the influence of the different modeling parameters, e.g., low-cycle fatigue, on the seismic response of SCBFs under short- and long-duration ground motions. Based on the results obtained from the experimental program, these models were revisited for further calibration and validation in the post-test analysis. The experimental program included three large-scale shake-table tests of identical single-story single-bay SCBF with a chevron-brace configuration tested under different ground motions. Two specimens were tested under a set of spectrally-matched short and long-duration ground motions. The third specimen was tested under another long-duration ground motion. All tests started with a 100% scale of the selected ground motions; testing continued with an ever-increasing ground-motion scale until failure occurred, e.g., until both braces ruptured. The shake table tests showed that the duration of the earthquake may lead to premature seismic failure or lower capacities, supporting the initiative to consider duration effects as part of the seismic design provisions. Identical frames failed at different displacements demands because of the damage accumulation associated with the earthquake duration, with about 40% reduction in the displacement capacity of the two specimens tested under long-duration earthquakes versus the short-duration one. Post-test analysis focused first on calibrating an OpenSees model to capture the experimental behavior of the test specimens. The calibration started by matching the initial stiffness and overall global response. Next, the low-cycle fatigue parameters were fine-tuned to properly capture the experimental local behavior, i.e., brace buckling and rupture. The post-test analysis showed that the input for the low-cycle fatigue models currently available in the literature does not reflect the observed experimental results. New values for the fatigue parameters are suggested herein based on the results of the three shake-table tests. The calibrated model was then used to conduct incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) using 44 pairs of spectrally-matched short- and long-duration ground motions. To compare the effect of the duration of ground motion, this analysis aimed at incorporating ground-motion variability for more generalized observations and developing collapse fragility curves using different intensity measures (IMs). The difference in the median fragility was found to be 45% in the drift capacity at failure and about 10% in the spectral acceleration (Sa). Using regression analysis, the obtained drift capacity from analysis was found to be reduced by about 8% on average for every additional 10 sec in the duration of the ground motion. The last stage of this study extended the calibrated model to SCBF archetype buildings to study the effect of the duration of ground motion on full-sized structures. Two buildings were studied: a three-story and nine-story build that resembled the original SAC buildings but were modified with SCBFs as lateral support system instead of moment resisting frames. Two planer frames were adopted from the two buildings and used for the analysis. The same 44 spectrally-matched pairs previously used in post-test analysis were used to conduct nonlinear time history analysis and study the effect of duration. All the ground motions were scaled to two hazard levels for the deterministic time history analysis: 10% exceedance in 50 years and 2% exceedance in 50 years. All analysis results were interpreted in a comparative way to isolate the effect of duration, which was the main variable in the ground-motion pairs. In general, the results showed that the analyzed SCBFs experienced higher drift values under the long-duration suite of ground motions, and, in turn, a larger percentage of fractured braces under long-duration cases. The archetype SCBFs analysis provided similar conclusions on duration effects as the experimental and numerical results on the single-story single-bay frame.
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Rákos, András Dominik. Poland and the European Green Deal: On Track Towards Peaceful Coexistence? Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2022.64.

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Following the adoption of the European Green Deal, the traditionally reluctant position of the government of Poland regarding climate neutrality is showing ruptures and has become controversial. The aim of this policy brief is to assess the structural and discursive elements shaping the climate and energy policy of the Polish government. The paper uses a mixed methodology of literature review and qualitative content analysis involving official statements issued by three government bodies between 1 September and 31 December, 2021. The study finds that the reluctance of the Polish government is maintained by frames that presume an incompatibility between ambitious climate action and the will of ‘the people’, as well as structures that can be characterised by a state capture of the energy sector and the dominance of pro-coal actors.
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Halperin, Sarah, Jen Schneider, Rebecca L. Som Castellano, and Jodi Brandt. Understanding Arguments to Protect Farmland in Idaho. Boise State University, Albertsons Library, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18122/hes.75.boisestate.

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Between Spring 2022 and Spring 2023, a team of researchers at Boise State University conducted interviews with people involved in farmland protection efforts. Our goal was to understand how interviewees frame the issue of farmland loss. Frames can draw attention to an issue, contextualize decision-making, and influence the policy solutions considered. Through a frame analysis, we gained a clearer understanding of potential approaches for farmland protection in Idaho. We conducted 10 semi-structured interviews with individuals representing government agencies, academic institutions, land trusts, non-profit organizations, and farmers. After conducting the interviews, we analyzed the transcripts in a systematic manner to identify recurring message frames pertaining to farmland loss. The analysis process enabled us to map these frames onto potential policy solutions applicable to Idaho. Our report outlines the advantages and disadvantages of each frame and pinpoints which ones are likely to resonate with specific groups. Our research revealed a diverse range of frames used to address farmland protection, with many interviewees citing multiple frames. The domestic food security, regional economy, and national/global trade frames are expected to have broad appeal, while the national security and environmental benefits frames may appeal to more specific audiences. The threatened resource and cultural importance frames are likely to resonate with those valuing tradition. We identified a variety of solutions, such as agricultural protection areas, support for rural economies, promotion of regenerative agriculture, and expansion of Idaho's Right to Farm Act protections. Our findings underscore the importance of diverse, flexible, and responsive solutions to improve the feasibility of farmland protection in Idaho. We hope that our work will provide a solid basis for future efforts aimed at preserving Idaho's farmland.
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Parker, A. W. LAr Dewar Coil Feed Frame Pipe Analysis (Structural Analysis of General Structures, SAGS). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1031854.

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Steenkamp, H. M., N. Wodicka, O. M. Weller, J. Kendrick, I. Therriault, T. Peterson, C. J M Lawley, and V. Tschirhart. Bedrock geology, Wager Bay area, Kivalliq, Nunavut, parts of NTS 56-F, G. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331890.

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New geological mapping in the Tehery Lake-Wager Bay area of northwestern Hudson Bay, Nunavut, frames the emplacement, depositional, and metamorphic histories of the dominant rock types, major structures, and links to neighbouring areas of the central Rae Craton and Chesterfield Block. The area is divided into six domains (Ukkusiksalik, Douglas Harbour, Gordon, and Lunan domains presented here, and Kummel Lake Domain and Daly Bay Complex on adjoining maps) defined by large-scale structures and characterized by differing metamorphic assemblages, Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic data, and/or specific lithologies. Meso- to Neoarchean granitoid rocks underlie most of the area and are tectonically intercalated with Archean (volcano)sedimentary packages (Kummel Lake, Lorillard, and Paliak belts). These rocks are locally intruded by ca. 2.62 to 2.58 Ga Snow Island suite granite and cut by younger, thin, east-trending diabase dykes. Paleoproterozoic (volcano)sedimentary rocks are preserved in the Kingmirit belt (Daly Bay Complex) and in basement-cover infolds of Ketyet River group-equivalent strata (Douglas Harbour and Ukkusiksalik domains). In the south, the Daly Bay Complex (comprising mostly mafic granulite-facies rocks) and Kummel Lake Domain (a granulite-grade core complex) share some characteristics with rocks of the Kramanituar and Uvauk complexes, which may delineate the northeastern segment of the ca. 1.90 Ga Snowbird tectonic zone. The Paleoproterozoic Trans-Hudson Orogeny had widespread, penetrative structural and metamorphic effects on the area, and led to the intrusion of the ca. 1.85 to 1.81 Ga Hudson suite monzogranite and mafic ultrapotassic rocks, and ca. 1.83 Ga monzodiorite in the Ukkusiksalik and Douglas Harbour domains. The area is cut by large, southeast-trending gabbro dykes of the 1.267 Ga Mackenzie igneous event.
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Steenkamp, H. M., N. Wodicka, C. J M Lawley, T. Peterson, W. Garrison, I. Therriault, J. Kendrick, O. M. Weller, and V. Tschirhart. Bedrock geology, Daly Bay area, Kivalliq, Nunavut, NTS 56-A, 46-D west, 46-E southwest, and 56-H south. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331888.

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New geological mapping in the Tehery Lake-Wager Bay area of northwestern Hudson Bay, Nunavut, frames the emplacement, depositional, and metamorphic histories of the dominant rock types, major structures, and links to neighbouring areas of the central Rae Craton and Chesterfield Block. The area is divided into six domains (Ukkusiksalik, Douglas Harbour, and Gordon domains and Daly Bay Complex presented here, and Lunan and Kummel Lake domains on adjoining maps) defined by large-scale structures and characterized by differing metamorphic assemblages, Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic data, and/or specific lithologies. Meso- to Neoarchean granitoid rocks underlie most of the area and are tectonically intercalated with Archean (volcano)sedimentary packages (Kummel Lake, Lorillard, and Paliak belts). These rocks are locally intruded by ca. 2.62 to 2.58 Ga Snow Island suite granite and cut by younger, thin, east-trending diabase dykes. Paleoproterozoic (volcano)sedimentary rocks are preserved in the Kingmirit belt (Daly Bay Complex) and in basement-cover infolds of Ketyet River group-equivalent strata (Douglas Harbour and Ukkusiksalik domains). In the south, the Daly Bay Complex (comprising mostly mafic granulite-facies rocks) and Kummel Lake Domain (a granulite-grade core complex) share some characteristics with rocks of the Kramanituar and Uvauk complexes, which may delineate the northeastern segment of the ca. 1.90 Ga Snowbird tectonic zone. The Paleoproterozoic Trans-Hudson Orogeny had widespread, penetrative structural and metamorphic effects on the area, and led to the intrusion of the ca. 1.85 to 1.81 Ga Hudson suite monzogranite and mafic ultrapotassic rocks, and ca. 1.83 Ga monzodiorite in the Ukkusiksalik and Douglas Harbour domains. The area is cut by large, southeast-trending gabbro dykes of the 1.267 Ga Mackenzie igneous event.
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