Journal articles: 'Strontium isotopes'

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Rossi, Mattia, Paola Iacumin, and Gianpiero Venturelli. "87Sr/86Sr Isotope Ratio as a Tool in Archaeological Investigation: Limits and Risks." Quaternary 7, no. 1 (January 11, 2024): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat7010006.

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During the last forty years, the use of strontium isotopes in archaeology and biogeochemical research has spread widely. These isotopes, alone or in combination with others, can contribute to trace past and present environmental conditions. However, the interpretation of the isotopic values of strontium is not always simple and requires good knowledge of geochemistry and geology. This short paper on the use of strontium isotopes is aimed at those who use this tool (archaeologists, but not only) but who do not have a thorough knowledge of mineralogy, geology, and geochemistry necessary for a good understanding of natural processes involving these isotopes. We report basic knowledge and suggestions for the correct use of these isotopes. The isotopic characteristics of bio-assimilable strontium depend not so much on the isotopic characteristics of the bulk rock as, rather, on those of its more soluble minerals. Before studying human, animal and plant remains, the state of conservation and any conditions of isotopic pollution should be carefully checked. Samples should be collected according to random sampling rules. The data should be treated by a statistical approach. To make comparisons between different areas, it should be borne in mind that the study of current soils can be misleading since the mineralogical modification of soil over time can be very rapid.

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Pollard, A. M. "Isotopes and impact: a cautionary tale." Antiquity 85, no. 328 (May 2011): 631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00068034.

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There can be no doubt that isotopic studies have made a huge contribution to archaeology in recent years, so much so that isotope archaeology is now seen as an essential subdiscipline of archaeology in much the same way as isotope geochemistry is a key subdiscipline of geochemistry. Ignoring for current purposes the contribution made by the measurement of a particular radioactive isotope of carbon (14C) since 1950, we can date the beginnings of isotope archaeology to the mid 1960s with the first measurements of lead isotopes in archaeological metals and slags by Brill and Wampler (1965, 1967). This was followed by carbon stable isotopes in human bone collagen in the late 1970s, building on previous work measuring σ13C in archaeological bone for radiocarbon determinations (Vogel & Van der Merwe 1977; Van der Merwe & Vogel 1978). Other isotopes followed rapidly, such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur and hydrogen for archaeological, palaeoecological or palaeoclimatological purposes and, more recently, the heavier radiogenic isotopes of strontium and neodymium for determining the provenance of organic and inorganic materials (Pollard & Heron 2008).

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Szostek, Krzysztof, Katarzyna Mądrzyk, and Beata Cienkosz-Stepańczak. "Strontium isotopes as an indicator of human migration – easy questions, difficult answers." Anthropological Review 78, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 133–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anre-2015-0010.

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AbstractIsotope analyses of bones and teeth allow us to study phenomena which occurred in the history of human species and which are difficult to capture by traditional anthropological methods. Measuring oxygen, nitrogen and carbon isotope levels in the skeleton makes it possible to reconstruct climatic changes, diet and/or the weaning process. Among isotopes used in such analyses are strontium isotopes, helpful in analysing migration and studying the mobility of historical and prehistoric human populations. In this respect, the proportion of two isotopes, the heavier87Sr and the lighter86Sr, is measured, following their extraction from the bioapatite of the bone mineral. Released from rocks in the weathering process, strontium permeates individual components of inanimate and animate environments, and then finds its way, together with food, to the human body. Thanks to comprehensive environmental studies and the measurement of the strontium ratio87Sr/86Sr in various animal tissues it is possible to determine the local isotope background for the environment. Values obtained by analysing human skeletons referenced against the range of environmental isotope variability enable researchers to trace back the location inhabited by the individual or group.

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Levenets, V. V., O. Yu Lonin, O. P. Omelnik, A. O. Shchur, and G. V. Prostantinov. "Determination of the deactivating properties of shampoos for cesium, strontium and cobalt." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 24, no. 2 (June 25, 2023): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2023.02.162.

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The decontamination properties of shampoos for cesium, strontium, and cobalt were determined. The method has been developed for determining the decontaminating properties of shampoos. The chemical part of the study includes the preparation of hair, which consists of forced pollution and subsequent washing. Stable isotopes were used in the work. This has increased the safety of staff during chemical hair research. The analytical part includes the quantitative determination of the cesium, strontium, and cobalt in the hair, which was carried out by the Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) method using the analytical nuclear-physical complex "Sokol". Various shampoos were analyzed, and their decontamination properties were determined. During the research, various samples of shampoos, which are presented on the market of Ukraine, were considered. It has been established that TM "Ringo" shampoo has the best deactivating properties for cesium (Kd - 574.0) and insignificant deactivating properties for strontium (Kd - 3.1) and cobalt (Kd - 3.6). It was determined that with multi-isotope contamination (a mixture of cesium, strontium, and cobalt isotopes) decrease in the deactivation coefficient for all isotopes was observed, which is due to the competition factor of the isotopes in the complexation process with shampoo. Reduction of decontaminating properties was observed on all samples of shampoos.

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Price, T. Douglas, Corina Knipper, Gisela Grupe, and Václav Smrcka. "Strontium Isotopes and Prehistoric Human Migration: The Bell Beaker Period in Central Europe." European Journal of Archaeology 7, no. 1 (2004): 9–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461957104047992.

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Human skeletal remains from Bell Beaker graves in southern Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic, and Hungary were analyzed for information on human migration. Strontium isotope ratios were measured in bone and tooth enamel to determine if these individuals had changed ‘geological’ residence during their lifetimes. Strontium isotopes vary among different types of rock. They enter the body through diet and are deposited in the skeleton. Tooth enamel forms during early childhood and does not change. Bone changes continually through life. Difference in the strontium isotope ratio between bone and enamel in the same individual indicates change in residence. Results from the analysis of 81 Bell Beaker individuals indicated that 51 had moved during their lifetime. Information on the geology of south-central Europe, the application of strontium isotope analysis, and the relevant Bell Beaker sites is provided along with discussion of the results of the study.

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HASSAN, Israa Mudher, and Sameera Ahmed EBRAHIEM. "CALCULATIONS OF RADII FOR STRONTIUM ISOTOPES( 78-100SR) USING DEFORMATION COEFFICIENTS." MINAR International Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 03, no. 02 (June 1, 2021): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8234.2-3.12.

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In this study, to calculate the isotope radii of strontium ( 78-100Sr), the deformation coefficients which depend on (b2,d) and the root mean square radius ( )are calculated. The main and secondary elliptical parts( a, b) , with the difference between them (ΔR)are taken. These parameters are calculated for the even-paired of78-100Sr isotopes (Z =38).The low transition probability B(E2) and the deformation parameters δ which in turn depend on the electric quadrupole moments arecalculated using the equations of the deformed coat model. The variety of shapes of the nuclei for the selected isotopes is observed by drawing three-dimensional (axially symmetric) shapes and two-dimensional shapes of strontium isotopes to distinguish between them using quasi-large (a) and quasi-small (b) Axes.

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Price, T. Douglas, Vera Tiesler, William J. Folan, and Robert H. Tykot. "CALAKMUL AS A CENTRAL PLACE: ISOTOPIC INSIGHTS ON URBAN MAYA MOBILITY AND DIET DURING THE FIRST MILLENNIUM AD." Latin American Antiquity 29, no. 3 (July 24, 2018): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/laq.2018.31.

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Isotopic investigations of human burials from excavations of the Autonomous University of Campeche (CIHS) at the prehispanic Maya capital of Calakmul in southeastern Mexico, near the border with Guatemala, include determination of radiocarbon dates; carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in collagen; and strontium, carbon, and oxygen isotope ratios in tooth enamel. A total of 22 human and 5 faunal samples analyzed for strontium isotopes reveal a narrow range of variation in values, pointing to the likely local origin of over two-thirds of the central population of Calakmul, including two of its rulers. Carbon and nitrogen data confirm a typical Classic Maya diet at the site and identify a diet high in meat consumption for one dynastic individual. Interpreted jointly, the isotopic information offers new perspectives on the provenience and lifestyles of the residents of Calakmul, including a potential place of origin for the royal occupant of chamber tomb Burial VII-1.

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Price, T. Douglas, James H. Burton, Paul D. Fullagar, Lori E. Wright, Jane E. Buikstra, and Vera Tiesler. "Strontium Isotopes and the Study of Human Mobility in Ancient Mesoamerica." Latin American Antiquity 19, no. 2 (June 2008): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1045663500007781.

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We analyzed strontium isotopes in more than 500 samples of shell, bone, and dental enamel from modern and archaeological contexts throughout Mesoamerica. The results correspond closely with expectations based upon the local geology and earlier measurements of geological materials. The results show that isotopic variation is significant across Mesoamerica. Thus strontium isotope ratios in dental enamel, which mark the place of childhood residence, can be used not only to document mobility but also in some cases to determine geographic origin. We present five archaeological case studies to illustrate the anthropological significance and range of applications for this technique: the origins of individuals in the “Oaxaca Barrio” at Teotihuacan, a northern origin for the founder of Copan, a local king at Tikal, the regional origin of two of Palenque's rulers, and individuals of African birth in a colonial cemetery in Campeche.

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Nguyen, Minh Quy, Long Hoang, Thi Thu Huong Le, Van Huan Luong, and Thi Tuong Hanh Vo. "Identifying the sources of produced water in the oil field by isotopic techniques." Nuclear Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53747/jnst.v4i2.226.

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The objective of this study is to identify the sources of the formation water in the Southwest Su Tu Den (STD SW) basement reservoir. To achieve the objective, isotopic techniques along with geochemical analysis for chloride, bromide, strontium dissolved in the water were applied. The isotopic techniques used in this study were the determination of water stable isotopes signatures (δ2H and δ18O) and of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of strontium in rock cutting sample and that dissolved in the formation water. The obtained results showed that the stable isotopes compositions of water in the Lower Miocene was -3‰ and -23‰ for δ18O and δ2H, respectively indicating the primeval nature of seawater in the reservoir. Meanwhile, the isotopic composition of water in the basement was clustered in a range of alternated freshwater with δ18O and δ2H being –(3-4)‰ and -(54-60)‰, respectively). The strontium isotopes ratio for water in the Lower Miocene reservoir was lower compared to that for water in the basement confirming the different natures of the water in the two reservoirs. The obtained results are assured for the techniques applicability, and it is recommended that studies on identification of the flow-path of the formation water in the STD SW basement reservoir should be continued.

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Malikov, Sh R., M. B. Yuldashev, and O. O. Amanov. "Prospects for the application of nuclear reactor with homogeneous solution fuel for the production of medical radioisotopes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2642, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2642/1/012006.

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Abstract The use of isotopes in medicine has opened up new possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. One of the effective radiopharmaceuticals is the strontium-89 isotope, which is used to treat many cancers, including bone cancer. Spreading and sorbing in the bone tissue (as an analog of calcium), strontium has both therapeutic and long-term analgesic effects. This allows you to do without drugs and saves the patient from severe drug addiction. Therefore, obtaining the radioisotope strontium-89 is a very serious task.

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Sehrawat, Jagmahender Singh, and Jaspreet Kaur. "Role of stable isotope analyses in reconstructing past life-histories and the provenancing human skeletal remains: a review." Anthropological Review 80, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anre-2017-0017.

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AbstractThis article reviews the present scenario of use of stable isotopes (mainly δ13C, δ15N, δ18O,87Sr) to trace past life behaviours like breast feeding and weaning practices, the geographic origin, migration history, paleodiet and subsistence patterns of past populations from the chemical signatures of isotopes imprinted in human skeletal remains. This approach is based on the state that food-web isotopic signatures are seen in the human bones and teeth and such signatures can change parallely with a variety of biogeochemical processes. By measuring δ13C and δ15N isotopic values of subadult tissues of different ages, the level of breast milk ingestion at particular ages and the components of the complementary foods can be assessed. Strontium and oxygen isotopic analyses have been used for determining the geographic origins and reconstructing the way of life of past populations as these isotopes can map the isotopic outline of the area from where the person acquired water and food during initial lifetime. The isotopic values of strontium and oxygen values are considered specific to geographical areas and serve as reliable chemical signatures of migration history of past human populations (local or non-local to the site). Previous isotopic studies show that the subsistence patterns of the past human populations underwent extensive changes from nomadic to complete agricultural dependence strategies. The carbon and nitrogen isotopic values of local fauna of any archaeological site can be used to elucidate the prominence of freshwater resources in the diet of the past human populations found near the site. More extensive research covering isotopic descriptions of various prehistoric, historic and modern populations is needed to explore the role of stable isotope analysis for provenancing human skeletal remains and assessing human migration patterns/routes, geographic origins, paleodiet and subsistence practices of past populations.

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Carleton, Scott. "Identifying Tributaries to Jackson Lake Important for Snake River Cutthroat Trout Recruitment." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 34 (January 1, 2011): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.2011.3851.

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Across their range, native salmonid species are imperiled due to habitat loss, alteration, and competition with non-native salmonids. New challenges, such as the effects of climate change on stream flow and water temperature create new problems for these species and highlight the importance of understanding their juvenile and adult life histories. Specifically, identifying life history movement patterns as it relates to spawning sites and juvenile rearing streams. We measured strontium isotope values of 13 tributaries and mainstem waters of the lower Snake River and Jackson Lake as well as otoliths collected from resident/juvenile cutthroat trout to determine if we could find unique isotopic signatures throughout the watershed. Strontium isotope values were similar for otoliths and water samples collected at the same location. Strontium isotope yielded unique isotope values across the watershed and between tributaries and the Snake River and Jackson Lake. Only three tributaries were undifferentiated using strontium stable isotopes. These were Pilgrim, Dime, and Sheffield Creeks. Due to their close proximity geographically and their geologic similarities it is not surprising we were unable to differentiate these three tributaries from each other. Future work using trace element analysis might provide further differentiation between these three creeks. Using this new information, we can now begin to look at adult cutthroat from Jackson Lake and the Snake River and determine their natal origins and fidelity to spawning tributaries. Using this information, managers can guide conservation efforts for cutthroat trout in the Jackson Lake watershed.

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Kennedy, Brian P., Joel D. Blum, Carol L. Folt, and Keith H. Nislow. "Using natural strontium isotopic signatures as fish markers: methodology and application." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 2280–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-206.

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To distinguish Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations in tributaries of the Connecticut River, we studied the incorporation and stability of Sr isotopes in juvenile salmon. We established the geologic basis for unique isotopic signatures in 29 salmon sites. Stream-specific Sr isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr) were found in calcified tissues of salmon parr within 3 months of stocking. We found little seasonal variation in the Sr signatures of stream water or fish tissue. There were no significant differences among the Sr signatures of otoliths, scales, and vertebrae. For mature salmon raised under constant conditions, 70% of the Sr isotopic signature in calcified tissues was derived from food sources. We developed a criterion for identifying moving fish based upon the isotopic variability of genetically marked fish. Applying this criterion to our streams, 7% of the fish in our study had incorporated Sr from multiple streams. Strontium isotopes distinguished all 8 regions in the White River basin and 7 of the 10 regions in the West River basin. When watersheds are considered together, Sr isotopes differentiated 11 unique signatures from 18 regions. We conclude that Sr isotopes are an effective marking tool and discuss ways in which they can be combined with other marking techniques over larger spatial scales.

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Price, T. Douglas, Joachim Wahl, and R. Alexander Bentley. "Isotopic evidence for mobility and group organization among Neolithic farmers at Talheim, Germany, 5000 BC." European Journal of Archaeology 9, no. 2-3 (2006): 259–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461957107086126.

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The mass grave found near Talheim in southern Germany dates to approximately 7000 years ago and contains the skeletal remains of 34 individuals from the Early Neolithic period, associated with what is known as the Linearbandkeramik culture. These individuals appear to have been the victims of a massacre, based on the presence of numerous lethal head wounds, several arrow wounds, and the placement of all of these individuals in the same burial pit. The burials are considered to likely represent members of the same community attacked and executed by another group. In this study we examine the remains from the mass grave at Talheim for information on migration and community structure using strontium isotope ratios in tooth enamel. In essence, strontium isotope ratios are signatures of different rock types. The food chain moves these atoms into the human skeleton from bedrock through water, soils, plants, and herbivores. Because human tooth enamel does not change after formation, it provides a stored signal of the strontium isotopes of the place of birth. If the strontium isotope ratio of the place of death is different, the individual under study must have moved from one geology to another during his or her lifetime. Isotopic provenancing shows that several of the individuals in the group at Talheim were born in a different geological location. We discuss the results of the analysis and its significance in terms of questions of migration and community structure in the Early Neolithic of prehistoric Europe.

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Dobrovolskaya, Maria, Natalia Svirkina, Sergey Yazikov, and Alexey Sviridov. "The Lifestyle of Children and Adults in the Barbarian Environ of Chersonesos (Based on Materials from Frontovoe 3 and Kil-Dere 1 Necropolises)." Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, no. 4 (August 29, 2023): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.55086/sp234139154.

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The necropolises Frontovoe 3 and Kil-Dere 1 from the environ of Chersonesos are interesting and important for the reconstruction of the cultural and historical situation on the borders of the Roman Empire. Data on the isotopic composition of bone collagen and tooth enamel provide new opportunities to discuss the nutrition, economy, and mobility of societies. The isotope composition of carbon and nitrogen informs about the average dietary intake of an individual over the last few years of life (7—10), while the ratio of strontium isotopes in tooth enamel characterizes the habitat of the child during the formation of the crown of the teeth (in this case, from 1 to 6 years). Thus, we obtain information about local natives and migrants of the first generation, whose childhood, probably, passed outside the environ of Chersonesos. The isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen in 67 samples of bone tissue and the composition of strontium in 35 samples of tooth enamel were studied. The life support system of these societies was based on the use of local terrestrial food resources. Few individuals have been found who can be named first-generation migrants. The low variability of the isotope ratios of strontium and carbon indicates a clear localization of this population group on the given territory. We also discuss the factors behind the differences in the isotopic markers of groups from Kil-Dere 1 and Frontovoye 3. These can be both environmental factors and cultural differences. The questions addressed here can be answered by studying a broader base of the compared materials.

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McArthur, J. M., A. R. Sahami, M. Thirlwall, P. J. Hamilton, and A. O. Osborn. "Dating phosphogenesis with strontium isotopes." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54, no. 5 (May 1990): 1343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(90)90159-i.

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Wright, Lori E. "IN SEARCH OF YAX NUUN AYIIN I: Revisiting the Tikal Project's Burial 10." Ancient Mesoamerica 16, no. 1 (January 2005): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536105050054.

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Recent epigraphic decipherments suggest that the child of a Teotihuacan ruler was installed as the ruler of Tikal ina.d.379. This paper reviews the excavation and osteology of the tomb of this king, Yax Nuun Ayiin I. Estimating the age at death of the skeletons, I found that the skeletons surrounding the principal occupant include at least one adult, who was distinguished by a rare style of dental decoration. I report strontium isotope ratios obtained from the teeth of four of these skeletons. Comparison with a larger data set of strontium isotope ratios on Tikal burials indicates that none of the sampled skeletons from Burial PTP-010 were foreigners to the Maya Lowlands. Although native Tikal children cannot be distinguished from the skeletons of children who lived at nearby Peten sites using strontium isotopes, these results do not support epigraphic readings that identify Yax Nuun Ayiin as a child of Teotihuacan.

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Zitek, A., J. Irrgeher, M. Cervicek, M. Horsky, M. Kletzl, T. Weismann, and T. Prohaska. "Individual-specific transgenerational marking of common carp Cyprinus carpio, L., using 86Sr/84Sr double spikes." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 11 (2014): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf13235.

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Transgenerational isotopic marking has been recognised as an efficient tool for mass marking of high numbers of fish larvae by injecting female spawners with enriched isotope solutions. So far, mainly enriched stable barium isotopes have been applied for this purpose. Here, we present an alternative approach for individual-specific transgenerational marking using strontium 86Sr/84Sr double spikes. Four isotonic double-spike solutions with different molar fractions of 86Sr and 84Sr and different total Sr concentrations were administered to four female spawners of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, L., by intraperitoneal injection, and one additional female spawner was injected a blank isotonic solution as control. Otoliths (lapilli) were sampled from juvenile offspring and analysed for their Sr isotopic composition by laser ablation–multi collector–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Central otolith regions of the progeny of female carps treated with concentrations of at least 0.45 mg 84Sr kg–1 bodyweight and 2.28 mg 86Sr kg–1 bodyweight showed a significant shift of the absolute 88Sr/86Sr and 88Sr/84Sr isotope ratios from the natural baseline. Isotope pattern deconvolution was successfully applied for the identification of the originally injected 86Sr/84Sr molar fraction ratios of the individual double spikes. Enriched stable Sr isotope double spikes represent an important alternative to enriched stable Ba isotopes for transgenerational marking, especially in freshwater systems.

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Mao, Xianglei, Alexander A. Bol'shakov, Inhee Choi, Christopher P. McKay, Dale L. Perry, Osman Sorkhabi, and Richard E. Russo. "Laser Ablation Molecular Isotopic Spectrometry: Strontium and its isotopes." Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 66, no. 11-12 (November 2011): 767–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2011.12.002.

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Feyrer, Frederick, George Whitman, Matthew Young, and Rachel C. Johnson. "Strontium isotopes reveal ephemeral streams used for spawning and rearing by an imperilled potamodromous cyprinid Clear Lake hitch Lavinia exilicauda chi." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 12 (2019): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18264.

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Identification of habitats responsible for the successful production and recruitment of rare migratory species is a challenge in conservation biology. Here, a tool was developed to assess life stage linkages for the threatened potamodromous cyprinid Clear Lake hitch Lavinia exilicauda chi. Clear Lake hitch undertake migrations from Clear Lake (Lake County, CA, USA) into ephemeral tributary streams for spawning. An aqueous isoscape of strontium isotopic ratios (87Sr/86Sr) was constructed for Clear Lake and its watershed to trace natal origins and migration histories of adult recruits. Aqueous 87Sr/86Sr differentiated Clear Lake from 8 of 10 key tributaries and clustered into 5 strontium isotope groups (SIGs) with 100% classification success. Otolith 87Sr/86Sr showed all five groups contributed variably to the population. The age at which juveniles migrated from natal streams to Clear Lake ranged from 11 to 152 days (mean±s.d., 43±34 days) and was positively associated with the permanency of natal habitat. This information can be used by resource managers to develop conservation actions for Clear Lake hitch. This study demonstrates the utility of strontium isotopes in otoliths as a tool to identify important freshwater habitats occupied over the lifespan of an individual that would otherwise be challenging or impossible to trace with other methods.A

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Alekseeva, L. P., and S. V. Alekseev. "Strontium and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotopic ratio of ground brines in the northeastern Angara-Lena artesian basin." Earth sciences and subsoil use 44, no. 2 (June 17, 2021): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2686-9993-2021-44-2-98-105.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the major formation processes of the ionic and isotopic composition of chloride brines in the sedimentary basins of the Siberian platform. The object and subject of research are deep-seated strong, very strong and extremely saturated brines as well as their strontium content and the ratio of Sr stable isotopes. The groundwater ionic-salt composition was determined by traditional methods (titrimetric, gravimetric, flame photometry), the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio was measured using mass-spectrometers (Irkutsk, Russia and Canada). The brines lying at the depth of 1500–3000 m were tapped and classified into saline and subsalt hydrogeological formations. Their feature is high salinity (385–530 g/L) and high content of strontium (2.3–7 g/L). The 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio ranges from 0.708 to 0.713062. By isotopic composition most of the brine samples are close to the waters of the Vendian-Cambrian paleoocean. However, some brine samples from the subsalt part of the sedimentary section of the basin are significantly enriched in the isotope 87Sr compared to the paleoocean waters and other samples. It could be due to the substantial input of 87Sr into the brines during the long-term interaction of groundwater with the host Lower Cambrian sandstones.

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Fiket, Željka, Martina Furdek Turk, Maja Ivanić, and Goran Kniewald. "Non-traditional stable isotope signatures in geological matrices as a tool for interpreting environmental changes – a review." Geologia Croatica 74, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4154/gc.2021.12.

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The development of new analytical techniques enabled the precise determination of the expanded set of stable isotopes and provided new insight into existing geological issues. This review outlines recent studies of non-traditional isotope signatures in geological matrices, summarizing in one place, new data for the stable isotopes of Ca, Mg, Sr, Li, Ni, Cr, and Cu and their application in the interpretation of environmental processes. Although some, such as δ44Ca and δ26Mg, have previously been used to track changes in seawater chemistry throughout geological history, recent studies report their application as geochemical proxies of post-depositional processes. Similarly, isotopic signatures of strontium, previously used in radioactive isotope chronology, and δ7Li, used in tracing plate subduction and crust/mantle material cycling, found a new application in studies of weathering patterns. The use of δ53Cr and δ 65Cu isotope signatures, on the other hand, reflects their fractionation under different redox conditions, whereas δ60Ni, due to its adsorption and co-precipitation with sulfide species and Fe-Mn phases, is used in interpreting the contributions of different material sources. And while the isotopic signatures of all these elements indicate certain environmental conditions and processes (e.g. post-depositional processes, redox conditions, organic matter input, the contribution of sources, etc.), by combining them a more comprehensive insight into the investigated environment can be achieved.

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Bataille, Clément P., Klervia Jaouen, Stefania Milano, Manuel Trost, Sven Steinbrenner, Éric Crubézy, and Rozenn Colleter. "Triple sulfur-oxygen-strontium isotopes probabilistic geographic assignment of archaeological remains using a novel sulfur isoscape of western Europe." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 5, 2021): e0250383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250383.

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Sulfur isotope composition of organic tissues is a commonly used tool for gathering information about provenance and diet in archaeology and paleoecology. However, the lack of maps predicting sulfur isotope variations on the landscape limits the possibility to use this isotopic system in quantitative geographic assignments. We compiled a database of 2,680 sulfur isotope analyses in the collagen of archaeological human and animal teeth from 221 individual locations across Western Europe. We used this isotopic compilation and remote sensing data to apply a multivariate machine-learning regression, and to predict sulfur isotope variations across Western Europe. The resulting model shows that sulfur isotope patterns are highly predictable, with 65% of sulfur isotope variations explained using only 4 variables representing marine sulfate deposition and local geological conditions. We used this novel sulfur isoscape and existing strontium and oxygen isoscapes of Western Europe to apply triple isotopes continuous-surface probabilistic geographic assignments to assess the origin of a series of teeth from local animals and humans from Brittany. We accurately and precisely constrained the origin of these individuals to limited regions of Brittany. This approach is broadly transferable to studies in archaeology and paleoecology as illustrated in a companion paper (Colleter et al. 2021).

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Zieliński, Mateusz, Anna Szczucińska, Mateusz Drożdżyński, Marcin Frankowski, and Andrzej Pukacz. "Water Quality Assessment of a Meromictic Lake Based on Physicochemical Parameters and Strontium Isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) Analysis: A Case Study of Lubińskie Lake (Western Poland)." Water 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2019): 2231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112231.

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In 2017, hydrochemical surveys of meromictic Lubińskie Lake (W Poland) and its water inflows were carried out. The lake experienced complete mixing in 2008 due to a series of orkan winds, and since 2015, intensifying worsening of water quality in the lake has been observed. Our aim was to determine the degree of transformation of Lubińskie Lake based on water chemistry and to identify the source of pollution of the lake using strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) as a new chemical tracking tool. The physicochemical analysis confirmed the meromictic character of the lake. The comparison with previous studies (2003 and 2008) showed significant year-to-year differentiation, indicating intensifying eutrophication of the lake’s water, both in the epilimnion and the hypolimnion. Nine spring niches, directly supplying the lake, provide water with very high phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations (up to 10 kg of nitrogen and 0.9 kg of phosphorus daily). The strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) analysis indicated that the lake’s water was supplied mostly by the springs, and recharge from deep aquifers is of secondary importance. Moreover, strontium isotope data and the relationship between Sr and Cl content support the finding that the high load of nutrients is of anthropogenic origin and reaches the lake through springs.

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Jenkyns, Hugh C., and Sophie Macfarlane. "The chemostratigraphy and environmental significance of the Marlstone and Junction Bed (Beacon Limestone, Toarcian, Lower Jurassic, Dorset, UK)." Geological Magazine 159, no. 3 (November 2, 2021): 357–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756821000972.

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AbstractTwo fallen blocks of the Marlstone and stratigraphically overlying Junction Bed sampled on the beach below Doghouse Cliff in Dorset, UK (Wessex Basin) have been examined for carbon and oxygen isotopes of bulk carbonate as well as for strontium, carbon and oxygen isotopes and Mg:Ca ratios in the contained belemnites. The sequence, which contains most of the Toarcian zones and subzones within a metre or less of grey to yellow to pink, red and brown fossil-rich nodular limestone, is extremely condensed and lithologically similar to pelagic red limestones of the Tethyan Jurassic that are locally mineralized with Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides (e.g., Rosso Ammonitico). Strontium-isotope ratios of the contained belemnites are compatible with existing reference curves and both blocks show a rise to more radiogenic values post-dating the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary. The high degree of correlation between the relatively negative carbon and oxygen isotopes of the bulk carbonate is compatible with significant diagenetic overprint, and contrasts with higher carbon-isotope values in coeval condensed coccolith-rich limestones elsewhere. Evidence for the characteristic signature of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, as represented by organic-rich sediment, is absent, possibly owing to a stratigraphic gap. Both blocks exhibit abrupt carbon-isotope shifts to lower values, one of which could represent the limbs of an incompletely recorded negative excursion associated with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event. That the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event was also a significant hyperthermal is illustrated in both blocks by a drop in oxygen-isotope values and rise in Mg:Ca ratios of belemnites close to the base of the Junction Bed in the lowest part of the serpentinum zone.

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Tian, Xizhao, Zhiqiang Gong, Lulu Fu, Di You, Fan Li, Yahui Wang, Zhi Chen, and Yahong Zhou. "Determination of Groundwater Recharge Mechanism Based on Environmental Isotopes in Chahannur Basin." Water 15, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15010180.

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In recent years, the lake area of the Chahannur Basin has been decreasing, leading to an increase in salt dust storms. In order to find out the recharge mechanism of groundwater in the Chahannur Basin, a total of 51 groundwater and surface water samples were collected. Tritium (3H) isotope and Freon (CFCs) were used to estimate the age of groundwater and preliminarily analyze the sources of groundwater recharge. The characteristics of hydrogen, oxygen, and strontium isotopes are used to indicate the characteristics of the water cycle in the Chahannur Basin. The results show that: (1) Two dating methods, tritium isotope (3H) and Freon (CFCs), are suitable for semi-quantitative dating of groundwater in the Chahannur Basin. (2) Hydrogen, oxygen, and strontium isotopes can be used to characterize the groundwater cycle in the Chahannur Basin. (3) The groundwater level around the Chahannur Lake area is low, and the groundwater in the Chahannur Basin flows from the southwest and northwest to the lake area. (4) The groundwater in the Chahannur Basin is mainly replenished by atmospheric precipitation, and the evaporation of groundwater and surface water is strong. The research results provide a basis for the study of measures to prevent the reduction in the Chahannur watershed area.

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Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo, Helen Kreuzer, Garret Hart, James Ehleringer, Jason West, Gary Gill, and Douglas Duckworth. "Bayesian Integration of Isotope Ratio for Geographic Sourcing of Castor Beans." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/450967.

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Recent years have seen an increase in the forensic interest associated with the poison ricin, which is extracted from the seeds of theRicinus communisplant. Both light element (C, N, O, and H) and strontium (Sr) isotope ratios have previously been used to associate organic material with geographic regions of origin. We present a Bayesian integration methodology that can more accurately predict the region of origin for a castor bean than individual models developed independently for light element stable isotopes or Sr isotope ratios. Our results demonstrate a clear improvement in the ability to correctly classify regions based on the integrated model with a class accuracy of60.9±2.1% versus55.9±2.1% and40.2±1.8% for the light element and strontium (Sr) isotope ratios, respectively. In addition, we show graphically the strengths and weaknesses of each dataset in respect to class prediction and how the integration of these datasets strengthens the overall model.

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DEPAOLO, D. J., and B. L. INGRAM. "High-Resolution Stratigraphy with Strontium Isotopes." Science 227, no. 4689 (February 22, 1985): 938–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.227.4689.938.

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Baran, Andrzej, and Walter Höhenberger. "Ground-state properties of strontium isotopes." Physical Review C 52, no. 4 (October 1, 1995): 2242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevc.52.2242.

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MCARTHUR, J. M., J. BURNETT, and J. M. HANCOCK. "Strontium isotopes at K/T boundary." Nature 355, no. 6355 (January 1992): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/355028a0.

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Larson, R. L. "Strontium Isotopes in Mid-Cretaceous Seawater." Science 266, no. 5190 (December 2, 1994): 1584–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.266.5190.1584.

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Veizer, J. "Strontium Isotopes in Seawater through Time." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 17, no. 1 (May 1989): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.17.050189.001041.

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Jones, Charles E., Hugh C. Jenkyns, and Stephen P. Hesselbo. "Strontium isotopes in Early Jurassic seawater." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 58, no. 4 (February 1994): 1285–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90382-4.

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Míková, Jitka. "Strontium isotopic composition as tracer of weathering processes, a review with respect to James Ross Island, Antarctica." Czech Polar Reports 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cpr2012-1-3.

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Strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) are routinely used to determine sources and mixing relationships in geochemical studies. They have proven to be useful in determining weathering processes and quantifying end-member mixing processes. A number of studies highlight that Sr isotopes represent a powerful tool helping to constrain weathering reactions, weathering rates, flow pathways and mixing scenarios, even when inherent differences in weathering rates of different minerals, and mineral heterogeneity in natural environments may cause difficulties in defining the weathering component of different geochemical systems. Nevertheless, Sr isotopes are useful when combined with other chemical data, to constrain models of water–rock interaction and mixing as well as geochemical processes such as weathering. This paper presents basic information about Sr isotopic system, new analytical developments, summary of recent published studies in constraining the weathering processes, and indicates studies similar to weathering in polar regions. The aim of this paper is to present rationale of using Sr isotopes as tracer of weathering processes on James Ross Island, Antarctica.

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Tchaikovsky, A., J. Irrgeher, A. Zitek, and T. Prohaska. "Isotope pattern deconvolution of different sources of stable strontium isotopes in natural systems." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 32, no. 11 (2017): 2300–2307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ja00251c.

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de Caritat, Patrice, Anthony Dosseto, and Florian Dux. "A strontium isoscape of northern Australia." Earth System Science Data 15, no. 4 (April 14, 2023): 1655–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1655-2023.

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Abstract. Strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) are useful to trace processes in the Earth sciences as well as in forensic, archaeological, palaeontological, and ecological sciences. As very few large-scale Sr isoscapes exist in Australia, we have identified an opportunity to determine 87Sr/86Sr ratios on archived fluvial sediment samples from the low-density National Geochemical Survey of Australia. The present study targeted the northern parts of Western Australia, the Northern Territory, and Queensland, north of 21.5∘ S. The samples were taken mostly from a depth of ∼60–80 cm in floodplain deposits at or near the outlet of large catchments (drainage basins). A coarse (<2 mm) grain-size fraction was air-dried, sieved, milled, and digested (hydrofluoric acid + nitric acid followed by aqua regia) to release total Sr. The Sr was then separated by chromatography, and the 87Sr/86Sr ratio was determined by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results demonstrate a wide range of Sr isotopic values (0.7048 to 1.0330) over the survey area, reflecting a large diversity of source rock lithologies, geological processes, and bedrock ages. The spatial distribution of 87Sr/86Sr shows coherent (multi-point anomalies and smooth gradients), large-scale (>100 km) patterns that appear to be broadly consistent with surface geology, regolith/soil type, and/or nearby outcropping bedrock. For instance, the extensive black clay soils of the Barkly Tableland define a >500 km long northwest–southeast-trending unradiogenic anomaly (87Sr/86Sr <0.7182). Where sedimentary carbonate or mafic/ultramafic igneous rocks dominate, low to moderate 87Sr/86Sr values are generally recorded (medians of 0.7387 and 0.7422, respectively). Conversely, In proximity to the outcropping Proterozoic metamorphic basement of the Tennant, McArthur, Murphy, and Mount Isa geological regions, radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr values (>0.7655) are observed. A potential correlation between mineralization and elevated 87Sr/86Sr values in these regions needs to be investigated in greater detail. Our results to date indicate that incorporating soil/regolith Sr isotopes in regional, exploratory geoscience investigations can help identify basement rock types under (shallow) cover, constrain surface processes (e.g. weathering and dispersion), and, potentially, recognize components of mineral systems. Furthermore, the resulting Sr isoscape and future models derived therefrom can also be utilized in forensic, archaeological, palaeontological, and ecological studies that aim to investigate, for example, past and modern animal (including humans) dietary habits and migrations. The new spatial Sr isotope dataset for the northern Australia region is publicly available (de Caritat et al., 2022a; https://doi.org/10.26186/147473).

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Pospieszny, Łukasz, Przemysław Makarowicz, Jamie Lewis, Anita Szczepanek, Jacek Górski, Piotr Włodarczak, Jan Romaniszyn, Ryszard Grygiel, and Zdzislaw Belka. "Assessing the mobility of Bronze Age societies in East-Central Europe. A strontium and oxygen isotope perspective on two archaeological sites." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): e0282472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282472.

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European Bronze Age societies are generally characterised by increased mobility and the application of isotopic methods to archaeology has allowed the rate and range of human travels to be quantified. However, little is known about the mobility of the people inhabiting East-Central Europe in the late Early and Middle Bronze Age (1950–1250 BC) whose primary subsistence strategy was herding supported by crop cultivation. This paper presents the results of strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope analyses in the enamel of people buried in collective graves at the cemeteries in Gustorzyn and Żerniki Górne. These sites are located in Kujawy and the Nida Basin, a lowland and an upland region with clearly different environmental conditions, respectively. Both sites are classified as belonging to the Trzciniec cultural circle and were used between 16th and 13th centuries BC. Among the 34 examined individuals only an adult female from Gustorzyn can be assessed as non-local based on both 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O signatures in her first molar. This may indicate the practice of exogamy in the studied population but more generally corresponds with the hypothesis of limited mobility within these societies, as has previously been inferred from archaeological evidence, anthropological analysis, and stable isotope-based diet reconstruction. New and existing data evaluated in this paper show that the 87Sr/86Sr variability in the natural environment of both regions is relatively high, allowing the tracking of short-range human mobility. A series of oxygen isotope analyses (conducted for all but one individuals studied with strontium isotopes) indicates that δ18O ratios measured in phosphate are in agreement with the predicted modern oxygen isotope precipitation values, and that this method is useful in detecting travels over larger distances. The challenges of using both 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O isotopic systems in provenance studies in the glacial landscapes of temperate Europe are also discussed.

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Wu, Lina, Huiping Wang, Xiangqian Kong, Haibo Wei, Sheng Chen, and Lisheng Chi. "High strontium adsorption performance of layered zirconium phosphate intercalated with a crown ether." RSC Advances 13, no. 10 (2023): 6346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra07757d.

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FREEMANTLE, MICHAEL. "RADIOACTIVE STRONTIUM Techniques rapidly analyze toxic isotopes." Chemical & Engineering News 73, no. 9 (February 27, 1995): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v073n009.p006.

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Jackson, M. G., S. R. Hart, and L. Ball. "Strontium isotopes in Samoan basaltic melt inclusions." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70, no. 18 (August 2006): A284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.576.

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Lievens, P., R. E. Silverans, L. Vermeeren, E. Arnold, W. Borchers, W. Neu, R. Neugart, et al. "Nuclear moments of strongly deformed strontium isotopes." Hyperfine Interactions 59, no. 1-4 (August 1990): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02401214.

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Porcelli, D. R., R. K. O'Nions, and S. Y. O'Reilly. "Helium and strontium isotopes in ultramafic xenoliths." Chemical Geology 54, no. 3-4 (February 1986): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(86)90139-7.

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Pliszczyński, Tomasz, Katarzyna Ciszewska, Małgorzata Dymecka, Jakub Ośko, and Zbigniew Haratym. "Assessment of occupational internal exposure to beta emitters from the nuclear reactor primary coolant circuit." Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10013-012-0006-y.

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Fission products of 235U or isotopes from activation may appear in technological waters at normal operation of a research reactor. Therefore, reactor cooling water may contain a number of beta radioactive isotopes including yttrium and strontium isotopes, which can pose potential hazard to reactor personnel. In order to asses internal exposure urinalysis is carried out. This work presents the method of sample preparation and measurement used by Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory (RPLM) of the National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCNR). Method of various isotopes of yttrium and Sr-90 activity calculation is also shown. Determination of these isotopes activities in urine sample allows estimating the effective doses

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Brennan, Sean R., Christian E. Zimmerman, Diego P. Fernandez, Thure E. Cerling, Megan V. McPhee, and Matthew J. Wooller. "Strontium isotopes delineate fine-scale natal origins and migration histories of Pacific salmon." Science Advances 1, no. 4 (May 2015): e1400124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1400124.

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Highly migratory organisms present major challenges to conservation efforts. This is especially true for exploited anadromous fish species, which exhibit long-range dispersals from natal sites, complex population structures, and extensive mixing of distinct populations during exploitation. By tracing the migratory histories of individual Chinook salmon caught in fisheries using strontium isotopes, we determined the relative production of natal habitats at fine spatial scales and different life histories. Although strontium isotopes have been widely used in provenance research, we present a new robust framework to simultaneously assess natal sources and migrations of individuals within fishery harvests through time. Our results pave the way for investigating how fine-scale habitat production and life histories of salmon respond to perturbations—providing crucial insights for conservation.

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Makarewicz, Cheryl A., Christine Winter-Schuh, Meghan Jackson, Erik G. Johannesson, Chunag Amartuvshin, and William Honeychurch. "Local circulation of elites punctuated by transregional mobility enabled steppe political consolidation in the Xiongnu nomadic state." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 1, 2024): e0298593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298593.

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The Xiongnu polity (ca. 200 BC– 150 AD) emerged out of indigenous community-centered socio-political structures to forge a powerful state that commanded the Mongolian steppe and beyond. Underpinned by a highly mobile pastoralist population, accustomed to seasonally rhythmic moves and embedded in an equestrian culture that facilitated rapid transport over long-distances, it remains unclear precisely how the movement of commoners, local aristocrats and regional elites abetted the formation and organization of Xiongnu state structures. Here, we evaluate Xiongnu movement and dietary intake through multi-stable isotopic analyses of tooth enamel from directly dated Xiongnu intermediate elites recovered from the mortuary center of Baga Gazaryn Chuluu–a prominent granite outcrop set in the Gobi Desert. Carbon isotope (δ13C) analysis indicates millet was consumed by some individuals, but whether or not this C4 cultivar contributed to the diets of most elites remains ambiguous in this C3/C4 desert-steppe environment. The effectiveness of oxygen isotopes (δ18O) to establish mobility appears much reduced in steppe environments, where geospatially sensitive information appears disrupted by extraordinary seasonality in meteoric water oxygen isotopes, pronounced oxygen isotopic variation in potential drinking water sources, and culturally mediated drinking practices. Most revealing, strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) indicate circulation of local elites around this central place and beyond, a mobility format that helped leaders cement their own position through political consolidation of spatially dispersed mobile pastoralist communities. The consistent presence at Baga Gazaryn Chuluu of extra-local intermediate elites also points toward the importance of transregional mobility in binding together the Xiongnu polity over the vast distances of the eastern steppe.

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Jo, Hui Je, Hyo Min Lee, Go-Eun Kim, Won Myung Choi, and Taehoon Kim. "Determination of Sr–Nd–Pb Isotopic Ratios of Rock Reference Materials Using Column Separation Techniques and TIMS." Separations 8, no. 11 (November 10, 2021): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations8110213.

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Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) can provide highly accurate strontium (Sr), neodymium (Nd), and lead (Pb) isotope measurements for geological and environmental samples. Traces of these isotopes are useful for understanding crustal reworking and growth. In this study, we conducted a sequential separation of Sr, Nd, and Pb and subsequently measured the 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios of 13 widely used rock certified reference materials (CRMs), namely BCR-2, BHVO-2, GSP-2, JG-1a, HISS-1, JLk-1, JSd-1, JSd-2, JSd-3, LKSD-1, MAG-1, SGR-1, and 4353A, using TIMS. In particular, we reported the first isotopic ratios of Sr, Nd, and Pb in 4353A, Sr and Nd in HISS-1 and SGR-1, and Sr in JLk-1, JSd-2, JSd-3, and LKSD-1. The Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic compositions of most in-house CRMs were indistinguishable from previously reported values, although the Sr and Pb isotopic ratios of GSP-2, JSd-2, JSd-3, and LKSD-1 obtained in different aliquots and/or batches varied slightly. Hence, these rock reference materials can be used for monitoring the sample accuracy and assessing the quality of Sr–Nd–Pb isotope analyses.

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Bastos, Murilo Q. R., Sheila M. F. Mendonça de Souza, Roberto V. Santos, Bárbara A. F. Lima, Ricardo V. Santos, and Claudia Rodrigues-Carvalho. "Human mobility on the Brazilian coast: an analysis of strontium isotopes in archaeological human remains from Forte Marechal Luz Sambaqui." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 83, no. 2 (June 2011): 731–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652011000200030.

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This study investigated strontium isotopes in the dental enamel of 32 human skeletons from Forte Marechal Luz sambaqui (shellmound), Santa Catarina, Brazil, aiming at identifying local and non-local individuals. The archeological site presents pot sherds in the uppermost archeological layers. Dental enamel was also examined from specimens of terrestrial fauna (87Sr/86Sr = 0. 71046 to 0. 71273) and marine fauna (87Sr/86Sr = 0. 70917). The 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratio for individuals classified as locals ranged from 0. 70905 to 0. 71064 and was closer to the isotope ratio of the seawater than to the ratio of the terrestrial fauna, indicating a strong influence of marine strontium on the inhabitants of this sambaqui. The results indicate the existence of three non-local individuals (87Sr/86Sr = 0. 70761 to 0. 70835), buried in both the level without pottery and the layer with pottery, possibly originated from the Santa Catarina Plateau, close to the municipality of Lages, or from the Curitiba Plateau. The occurrence of a slight difference between the isotope ratios of local individuals buried in the archeological layer without pottery, when compared to those in the layer with pottery, suggests a possible change in dietary patterns between these two moments in the site's occupation

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Ebert, Claire E., Asta J. Rand, Kirsten Green-Mink, Julie A. Hoggarth, Carolyn Freiwald, Jaime J. Awe, Willa R. Trask, et al. "Sulfur isotopes as a proxy for human diet and mobility from the preclassic through colonial periods in the Eastern Maya lowlands." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 12, 2021): e0254992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254992.

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Maya archaeologists have long been interested in understanding ancient diets because they provide information about broad-scale economic and societal transformations. Though paleodietary studies have primarily relied on stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic analyses of human bone collagen to document the types of food people consumed, stable sulfur (δ34S) isotope analysis can potentially provide valuable data to identify terrestrial, freshwater, or marine/coastal food sources, as well as determine human mobility and migration patterns. Here we assess applications of δ34S for investigating Maya diet and migration through stable isotope analyses of human bone collagen (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S) from 114 individuals from 12 sites in the Eastern Maya lowlands, temporally spanning from the Late Preclassic (300 BCE—300 CE) through Colonial periods (1520–1800 CE). Results document a diet dominated by maize and other terrestrial resources, consistent with expectations for this inland region. Because δ34S values reflect local geology, our analyses also identified recent migrants to the Eastern lowlands who had non-local δ34S signatures. When combined with other indicators of mobility (e.g., strontium isotopes), sulfur isotopic data provide a powerful tool to investigate movement across a person’s lifespan. This study represents the largest examination of archaeological human δ34S isotope values for the Maya lowlands and provides a foundation for novel insights into both subsistence practices and migration.

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Brewer, Caralie T., William A. Rauch-Davis, and Erin E. Fraser. "The Use of Intrinsic Markers for Studying the Migratory Movements of Bats." Animals 11, no. 12 (December 6, 2021): 3477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11123477.

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Mortality of migratory bat species at wind energy facilities is a well-documented phenomenon, and mitigation and management are partially constrained by the current limited knowledge of bat migratory movements. Analyses of biochemical signatures in bat tissues (“intrinsic markers”) can provide information about the migratory origins of individual bats. Many tissue samples for intrinsic marker analysis may be collected from living and dead bats, including carcasses collected at wind energy facilities. In this paper, we review the full suite of available intrinsic marker analysis techniques that may be used to study bat migration, with the goal of summarizing the current literature and highlighting knowledge gaps and opportunities. We discuss applications of the stable isotopes of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur; radiogenic strontium isotopes; trace elements and contaminants; and the combination of these markers with each other and with other extrinsic markers. We further discuss the tissue types that may be analyzed for each and provide a synthesis of the generalized workflow required to link bats to origins using intrinsic markers. While stable hydrogen isotope techniques have clearly been the leading approach to infer migratory bat movement patterns across the landscape, here we emphasize a variety of lesser used intrinsic markers (i.e., strontium, trace elements, contaminants) that may address new study areas or answer novel research questions.

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Eerkens, Jelmer W., Eric J. Bartelink, Laura Brink, Richard T. Fitzgerald, Ramona Garibay, Gina A. Jorgenson, and Randy S. Wiberg. "Trophy Heads or Ancestor Veneration? A Stable Isotope Perspective on Disassociated and Modified Crania in Precontact Central California." American Antiquity 81, no. 1 (January 2016): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.81.1.114.

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AbstractFew items in the archaeological record capture the imagination more than human heads separated from their bodies. Such items are sometimes assumed to indicate warfare practices, where “trophy heads” display power and fighting prowess. Other times, they are interpreted as representing ancestor veneration. Isolated crania are not uncommon in the Early period (ca. 4500–2500 B.P.) in Central California. Some anthropologists interpret them as trophy heads, but isotopie analyses at CA-CCO-548 suggest an alternative interpretation. Strontium isotope analyses on one modified cranium produced values consistent with local individuals, and both headless burials and people buried with extra skulls overlap in carbon and nitrogen isotopes. Further, teeth from two individuals who were buried with extra skulls suggest both were weaned at early ages (before age 2), much earlier than other individuals at the site. Together with contextual information, we argue that the isotopie data are more consistent with the hypothesis that extra skulls and headless burials represent ancestor veneration rather than trophies, shedding new light on Early-period societies in Central California.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Strontium isotopes'

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