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Cooray, Vernon, Marcos Rubinstein, and Farhad Rachidi. "A Self-Consistent Return Stroke Model That Includes the Effect of the Ground Conductivity at the Strike Point." Atmosphere 13, no. 4 (April 6, 2022): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040593.
A current generation type return stroke model which can take into account the possible modifications of the return stroke properties by the soil conductivity at the strike point of the lightning flash is introduced. The model is also capable of incorporating the reflection of the current at the ground end of the return stroke channel. In this paper, this return stroke model is used to investigate (a) the effect of the ground conductivity at the strike point on the source electromagnetic fields generated by return strokes and (b) the effect of current reflection at ground level on the electromagnetic field generated by return strokes. The source electromagnetic fields are the electromagnetic fields generated by lightning flashes calculated in such a way that they are not distorted by propagation effects. The results obtained show that the ground conductivity at the strike point does not significantly influence the return stroke current peak or the radiation field peak for ground conductivities higher than about 0.001 S/m. However, strike points with very poor conductivities (lower than 0.001 S/m) would result in a decrease of the peak electric field. In contrast to the peak values of the lightning current and the electric field, the peak values of the time derivatives of the lightning current and electric field are significantly reduced when the strike point of the lightning flash is located over a finitely conducting ground. The inclusion of the current reflection at ground level influences significantly the saturation of the close electric fields. The current reflection also gives rise to residual electric fields, a difference in the field levels generated by the dart leader and the return stroke. The residual field decreases as the fraction of the reflected current decreases.
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Wu, Qing, Guan Jun Qian, Bin Hu, Song Huang, Xian He Dou, and Hao Wei Pei. "A New Trip Fault of Transmission Line Caused by Lightning Striking to Ground Wire and Conductor Simultaneously." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 1187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.1187.
Lightning strokes are the main cause for the trip fault of transmission line with a rated voltage of 110 kV and above. The counterattack trip and the shielding failure trip were thought to be the two kinds of fault type caused by lightning strokes. According to the development process of the two fault types, a few effective lightning protection methods are proposed. However, there is no relative report about the case that the ground wire and the conductor are stricken simultaneously. Therefore, no specific protection method is presented. In this paper, the possibility of the both stroke is analyzed, according the the mechanism of lightning stroke and the characteristics of lightning strokes. Then, a series of simulation test were designed and carried out. The observation results recorded by high-speed camera indicate that the downward leader could strike grounded wire and conductor simultaneously. At last, based on the intelligent monitoring system of transmission line, the traveling wave current of a lightning stroke was recorded. And after comparing the current with the simulation results by ATP/EMTP, the stroke was thought to be a both stroke. The photos in the fault point indicate that there are discharge points both on the grounded wire and conductor. And this field data clarified that the trip fault was caused by both stroke. A new lightning stroke fault was presented and verified in this paper, this report will supply important reference for lightning protection of transmission line.
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Somasundaran, Abhilash, Hashik Mohammed, Jayaraj Kezhukatt, Alvin Treasa George, and S. Narayanan Potty. "Accuracy of Siriraj stroke scale in the diagnosis of stroke subtypes among stroke patients." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 3 (February 20, 2017): 1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170666.
Background: Early detection of intracranial blood is essential for the rational use of anti hemostatic drugs in stroke patients. CT scan is quite expensive as well as it is not easily available especially in the rural areas. Clinical stroke scores were developed to overcome these limitations. Aim of present study is to identify the stroke subtype using Siriraj stroke scoring and thus asses its accuracy by comparing with CT scan reports.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary centre that evaluated 464 patients admitted with a diagnosis of stroke. Siriraj Stroke score was calculated for each patient and a CT scan of brain was also taken. The results of diagnosis made by Siriraj stroke scoring were compiled and compared with the diagnosis obtained by CT Scan.Results: Of the total 464 patients, the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke was 27.8% and ischemic stroke was 72.2%, as per the CT scan reports, while the Siriraj stroke score diagnosed 16.8% patients to have hemorrhagic stroke and 74.6% to have ischemic stroke and no definite diagnosis was made in rest of the patients (8.6%). The sensitivity of the scoring was found to be 59.2% in diagnosing hemorrhagic stroke and 95.5% in ischemic stroke.Conclusions: Our study has shown that siriraj stroke scoring has a high degree of accuracy in detecting both types of strokes, with roughly 80% of both hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes being correctly identified. However there is a low sensitivity in diagnosing hemorrhagic strokes and higher sensitivity in diagnosing ischemic strokes.
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Poelman, Dieter R., Wolfgang Schulz, Stephane Pedeboy, Dustin Hill, Marcelo Saba, Hugh Hunt, Lukas Schwalt, et al. "Global ground strike point characteristics in negative downward lightning flashes – Part 1: Observations." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 1909–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1909-2021.
Abstract. Information about lightning properties is important in order to advance the current understanding of lightning, whereby the characteristics of ground strike points (GSPs) are in particular helpful to improving the risk estimation for lightning protection. Lightning properties of a total of 1174 negative downward lightning flashes are analyzed. The high-speed video recordings are taken in different regions, including Austria, Brazil, South Africa and the USA, and are analyzed in terms of flash multiplicity, duration, interstroke intervals and ground strike point properties. According to our knowledge this is the first simultaneous analysis of GSP properties in different regions of the world applying a common methodology. Although the results vary among the data sets, the analysis reveals that a third of the flashes are single-stroke events, while the overall mean number of strokes per flash equals 3.67. From the video imagery an average of 1.56 GSPs per flash is derived, with about 60 % of the multiple-stroke flashes striking the ground in more than one place. It follows that a ground contact point is struck 2.35 times on average. Multiple-stroke flashes last on average 371 ms, whereas the geometric mean (GM) interstroke interval value preceding strokes producing a new GSP is about 18 % greater than the GM value preceding subsequent strokes following a pre-existing lightning channel. In addition, a positive correlation between the duration and multiplicity of the flash is presented. The characteristics of the subset of flashes exhibiting multiple GSPs is further examined. It follows that strokes with a stroke order of 2 create a new GSP in 60 % of the cases, while this percentage quickly drops for higher-order strokes. Further, the possibility of forming a new lightning channel to ground in terms of the number of strokes that conditioned the previous lightning channel shows that approximately 88 % developed after the occurrence of only one stroke. Investigating the time intervals in the other 12 % of the cases when two or more strokes re-used the previous lightning channel showed that the average interstroke time interval preceding a new lightning channel is found to be more than twice the time difference between strokes that follow the previous lightning channel.
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Plamondon, Réjean, Christian O'Reilly, and Claudéric Ouellet-Plamondon. "Strokes against stroke—strokes for strides." Pattern Recognition 47, no. 3 (March 2014): 929–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2013.05.004.
Poelman, Dieter R., Wolfgang Schulz, Stephane Pedeboy, Leandro Z. S. Campos, Michihiro Matsui, Dustin Hill, Marcelo Saba, and Hugh Hunt. "Global ground strike point characteristics in negative downward lightning flashes – Part 2: Algorithm validation." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 1921–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1921-2021.
Abstract. At present the lightning flash density is a key input parameter for assessing the risk of occurrence of a lightning strike in a particular region of interest. Since it is known that flashes tend to have more than one ground termination point on average, the use of ground strike point densities as opposed to flash densities is more appropriate. Lightning location systems (LLSs) do not directly provide ground strike point densities. However, ingesting their observations into an algorithm that groups strokes into respective ground strike points results in the sought-after density value. The aim of this study is to assess the ability of three distinct ground strike point algorithms to correctly determine the observed ground-truth strike points. The output of the algorithms is tested against a large set of ground-truth observations taken from different regions around the world, including Austria, Brazil, France, Spain, South Africa and the United States of America. These observations are linked to the observations made by a local LLS in order to retrieve the necessary parameters of each lightning discharge, which serve as input for the algorithms. Median values of the separation distance between the first stroke in the flash and subsequent ground strike points are found to vary between 1.3 and 2.75 km. It follows that all three of the algorithms perform well, with success rates of up to about 90 % to retrieve the correct type of the strokes in the flash, i.e., whether the stroke creates a new termination point or follows a pre-existing channel. The most important factor that influences the algorithms' performance is the accuracy by which the strokes are located by the LLS. Additionally, it is shown that the strokes' peak current plays an important role, whereby strokes with a larger absolute peak current have a higher probability of being correctly classified compared to the weaker strokes.
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Natteru, P., M. R. Mohebbi, P. George, D. Wisco, J. Gebel, and C. R. Newey. "Variables That Best Differentiate In-Patient Acute Stroke from Stroke-Mimics with Acute Neurological Deficits." Stroke Research and Treatment 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4393127.
Introduction. Strokes and stroke-mimics have been extensively studied in the emergency department setting. Although in-hospital strokes are less studied in comparison to strokes in the emergency department, they are a source of significant direct and indirect costs. Differentiating in-hospital strokes from stroke-mimics is important. Thus, our study aimed to identify variables that can differentiate in-hospital strokes from stroke-mimics. Methods. We present here a retrospective analysis of 93 patients over a one-year period (2009 to 2010), who were evaluated for a concern of in-hospital strokes. Results. About two-thirds (57) of these patients were determined to have a stroke, and the remaining (36) were stroke-mimics. Patients with in-hospital strokes were more likely to be obese (p=0.03), have been admitted to the cardiology service (p=0.01), have atrial fibrillation (p=0.03), have a weak hand or hemiparesis (p=0.03), and have a prior history of stroke (p=0.05), whereas, when the consults were called for “altered mental status” but no other deficits (p<0.0001), it is likely a stroke-mimic. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that in-hospital strokes are a common occurrence, and knowing the variables can aid in their timely diagnosis and treatment.
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Meretoja, Atte, Monica Acciarresi, Rufus O. Akinyemi, Bruce Campbell, Dar Dowlatshahi, Coralie English, Nils Henninger, et al. "Stroke doctors: Who are we? A World Stroke Organization survey." International Journal of Stroke 12, no. 8 (March 28, 2017): 858–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493017701150.
Background Specialist training provides skilled workforce for service delivery. Stroke medicine has evolved rapidly in the past years. No prior information exists on background or training of stroke doctors globally. Aims To describe the specialties that represent stroke doctors, their training requirements, and the scientific organizations ensuring continuous medical education. Methods The World Stroke Organization conducted an expert survey between June and November 2014 using e-mailed questionnaires. All Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries with >1 million population and other countries with >50 million population were included ( n = 49, total 5.6 billion inhabitants, 85% of global strokes). Two stroke experts from each selected country were surveyed, discrepancies resolved, and further information on identified stroke-specific curricula sought. Results We received responses from 48 (98%) countries. Of ischemic stroke patients, 64% were reportedly treated by neurologists, ranging from 5% in Ireland to 95% in the Netherlands. Per thousand annual strokes there were average six neurologists, ranging from 0.3 in Ethiopia to 33 in Israel. Of intracerebral hemorrhage patients, 29% were reportedly treated by neurosurgeons, ranging from 5% in Sweden to 79% in Japan, with three neurosurgeons per thousand strokes, ranging from 0.1 in Ethiopia to 24 in South Korea. Most countries had a stroke society (86%) while only 10 (21%) had a degree or subspecialty for stroke medicine. Conclusions Stroke doctor numbers, background specialties, and opportunities to specialize in stroke vary across the globe. Most countries have a scientific society to pursue advancement of stroke medicine, but few have stroke curricula.
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Giri, R., S. P. Chimouriya, and B. R. Ghimire. "Application of Absorption Spectra to Study Order of Sequence in Intersecting Printed and Pen Strokes." Journal of Nepal Physical Society 8, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnphyssoc.v8i3.50696.
This work is performed to establish chronological order in crossing strokes between printed stroke and pen strokes. Nine different types of pens including cello maxriter pen (black and blue), pilot pen (red and black), cello pointec pen (black and blue) and cello techno tip pen (red, black and blue) are used to produce pen strokes and for printed stroke Canon LBP 3300 printer is used. In the case of printed stroke, only black color stroke is applied. As a result, samples of both homogeneous and heterogeneous intersecting strokes are prepared. This work is based on the assumption that nature and peak characteristics of absorption spectra from crossing stroke should be similar to that of second stroke. Here, absorption spectra is generated by Video Spectral Comparator-6000 by using light of wavelength ranging from 400 nm to 1000 nm. From this experiment, it is found to be possible to find chronological order for heterogeneous crossing strokes (crossing stroke of different colors) only if printed stroke is over pen stroke. It means, only if print is done over writing strokes from red and blue pen, then order of sequence of writing can be determined whereas in other cases it is not possible.
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Li, Meng, Yahan Yu, Yi Yang, Guanghao Ren, and Jian Wang. "Stroke Extraction of Chinese Character Based on Deep Structure Deformable Image Registration." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 1 (June 26, 2023): 1360–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25220.
Stroke extraction of Chinese characters plays an important role in the field of character recognition and generation. The most existing character stroke extraction methods focus on image morphological features. These methods usually lead to errors of cross strokes extraction and stroke matching due to rarely using stroke semantics and prior information. In this paper, we propose a deep learning-based character stroke extraction method that takes semantic features and prior information of strokes into consideration. This method consists of three parts: image registration-based stroke registration that establishes the rough registration of the reference strokes and the target as prior information; image semantic segmentation-based stroke segmentation that preliminarily separates target strokes into seven categories; and high-precision extraction of single strokes. In the stroke registration, we propose a structure deformable image registration network to achieve structure-deformable transformation while maintaining the stable morphology of single strokes for character images with complex structures. In order to verify the effectiveness of the method, we construct two datasets respectively for calligraphy characters and regular handwriting characters. The experimental results show that our method strongly outperforms the baselines. Code is available at https://github.com/MengLi-l1/StrokeExtraction.
Jaigobin, Cheryl S. "Survival, stroke recurrence and functional outcome after lacunar stroke." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58705.pdf.
Karlsson, Sara, and Amaal Yasin. "Livet efter stroke: Patienters upplevelser av livskvalitet efter stroke." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67818.
Regardless of the advances that have been made in stroke research and treatment and the overall decrease in stroke mortality, the stroke mortality rate for African Americans is still high at 45.2/100,000 and is still the leading cause of adult disability. Knowledge of the risk factors of stroke is paramount to reducing the morbidity and mortality of stroke, but knowledge of stroke risk factors has been found to be suboptimal in the African American population. The purpose of this study was to examine if there is a relationship between the knowledge, perception, and sources of stroke information of risk factors for stroke. The theoretical framework for this study was knowledge, attitude, and practice model and the health belief model. A cross-sectional quantitative approach was used for this study, and data was obtained through in-person administration of a questionnaire to willing participants in two South District Cook County, Illinois, health centers, two churches, a barber shop, and a beauty shop. A total of 273 respondents that consisted of 42% men (n = 113) and 58% women (n = 160) provided valid responses. Chi-Square test of association showed a statistical significance between source of stroke information and previous stroke/transient ischemic attack at Ï?2 (1) = 29.133, p = 0.001. Multiple regression analysis model showed a statistically significant result of perception and stroke, F (14, 259) = 22.692, p < 0.0005. This study found that stroke education should go beyond traditional medical risk factors to also explore people's perception of preventive practices. This study will contribute to social change by providing support for targeted stroke education not only on knowledge but also perception of preventive practices in the African American population.
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Upshaw, Kris. "The effects of stroke rate and stroke length on upper quadrant stroke patterns in competitive swimming." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958784.
The purpose of this study was to describe women collegiate swimmers' armstroke sequence at selected velocities. In addition, this study was designed to determine the timing angle during the course of a stroke cycle. Seven members of the Ball State University Women's Swim Team were asked to participate in this study. The test consisted of the subject swimming approximately fifteen meters freestyle (front crawl) at stroke rates of 24, 30, 40, 48, 60 strokes per minute. The subjects attempted three trials at each stroke rate, on a continuum from slow to fast. The following parameters were determined from video analysis: stroke length (SL), velocity (m/s), time of one complete stroke cycle (SCT), timing between the arm cycles (RAE), recovery arm entry as a percentage of SCT (RAE%) and the timing angle. A correlation between the timing angle and V of r = 0.48 was found to be significant at the 0.05 level. A correlation between the SCT and the timing angle of r = -0.62 was found to be significant at the 0.05 level. A correlation of r = -0.43 between SL and the timing angle of less than 90 degrees is believed to benefit theangle was found to be significant at the 0.05 level. This indicates that as the swimmers' SCT decreased, the timing angle increased. And, as the swimmers' SL decreased the timing angle increased. It appears that timing angles increase with increasing V. The mean timing angle for ninety trials was 66.03 degrees with a SD of 17.68. This study indicates that women collegiate swimmers use a timing angle of less than 90 degrees. A timing swimmers' body position, balance and SL. School of Physical Education
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Ford, Catherine Elaine Longworth. "The relationship between beliefs about stroke and post-stroke depression." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.442541.
Mohan, Keerthi Michelle. "The natural history of stroke recurrence after first-ever stroke." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. http://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-natural-history-of-stroke-recurrence-after-firstever-stroke(530e5d24-437f-43a0-9555-eb45f374e278).html.
Background - The natural history, predictors and outcomes of stroke recurrence after first-ever stroke have been insufficiently investigated. The available evidence shows great variation and does not provide a consensus of key predictors of stroke recurrence or a critical time-period for stroke recurrence occurring after initial stroke. This thesis uses data collected from the population-based South London Stroke Register to estimate the natural history of stroke recurrence after first-ever stroke. Methods - Data were collected over 12 years from all individuals known to have had an initial and first recurrent stroke from the South London Stroke Register. The cumulative risk and predictors of stroke recurrence up to 12 years after first stroke were identified using survival analyses, taking into account the effect of temporal changes in stroke management. The effect of stroke recurrence on risk of death after first stroke was estimated up to 15 years after initial stroke. A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of the risk and cumulative risk of stroke recurrence after first stroke was also conducted. Results - The risk of stroke recurrence was estimated to be up to 25% at 12 years after first stroke. Cardiovascular risk factors were found to be important predictors of stroke recurrence, however differences in risk of recurrence were noted between the aetiological subtypes. Stroke recurrence was demonstrated to increase risk of death at all time-points up to 15 years after first stroke. Conclusions – The risk of stroke recurrence is considerable and is associated with increased risk of death up to 15 years after first stroke. Further research is needed to examine the effect of secondary prevention on risk of recurrence. Recurrence in the first year after stroke may also be associated with the biggest increase in risk of death identifying a potentially important time-period for stroke management to be targeted.
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Persson, Lisbeth, and Annika Svensson. "Upplevelser av stroke." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Social and Health Sciences (HOS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-4943.
Problemställning: Stroke är en världsomspännande, allvarlig och kostnadskrävande sjukdom. Sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsinsatser av patienter med stroke bör anpassas individuellt och syfta till att främja återhämtning och förhindra komplikationer. Det är därför av vikt för sjuksköterskan att ha kunskap om hur strokedrabbade patienter upplever sin sjukdom. Syftet var att belysa patienters upplevelse av att drabbas av och leva med stroke. Metod: En litteraturstudie där 11 kvalitativa och 1 kvantitativ artikel som svarade mot studiens syfte ingick. Resultat och konklusion: Att drabbas av stroke påverkar personens hela liv med förlorad kontroll över både kropp och personlighet. Oro för att drabbas av en ny stroke leder till ett liv i osäkerhet men också till förändrade levnadsvanor. Stroken påverkar den drabbades roll i familjen och förhållandet, ilska och frustration över situationen går ut över de närmaste. Den sociala relationen med familj och vänner försämras, eftersom kvarstående fysiska eller kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar gör det svårt att delta i sociala sammanhang på samma sätt som innan sjukdomen. Överdrivna känslomässiga yttranden och extrem trötthet försvårar ytterligare social samvaro. Implikation: Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan får ökad medvetenhet om strokepatienternas upplevelser för att kunna ge en individuellt utformad omvårdnad. Det finns behov av vidare forskning kring copingstrategier samt strokepatienternas upplevelser av sjuksköterskans omvårdnad.
Problem: Stroke is a worldwide, serious and costly disease. Nursing interventions of patients with stroke should be individualized and adapted to promote recovery and prevent complications. It is therefore important for nurses to have knowledge of how the stroke affected patients experience their illness. The purpose was to illustrate patients’ experience of suffering from and living with a stroke. Method: A literature study, where 11 qualitative and one quantitative article that met the study’s purpose, were used. Results and conclusion: To suffer a stroke, affects the patient’s whole life with loss of control over both body and personality. Worries concerning the possibility to suffer a new stroke often results in a life of uncertainty but also in changing of lifestyles. The stroke affects the patient’s role in the family and in the relationship with the spouse; anger and frustration over the situation affect the immediate family negatively. The social relationships with family and friends deteriorate, because the residual physical or cognitive disabilities make it difficult to participate in social contexts in the same way as before the illness. Exaggerated emotional expressions and extreme fatigue makes social interaction even more difficult. Implication: It is important that nurses are more aware of stroke patients' experiences in order to provide individualized care. There is a need for further research on coping strategies and the stroke patients' experiences of nursing.
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Beranova, Eva. "Post stroke depression." Thesis, City University London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503387.
Both stroke and depression are major health problems in the elderly. In this study, the prevalence of major depression after stroke was investigated in a well-defined sample of acute stroke patients (n=80), followed up at 3 months, 1 year, 2 and 3 years after the stroke event. Links to biological and psychosocial factors were examined. Hypercortisolism was studied by the dexamethasone suppression test and compared with healthy elderly. Living conditions (including demographic caracteristics, economic resources, health, functional ability, activity/leisure, social network) and life satisfaction were described before and after stroke in relation to a general elderly population. Demographic caracteristics, economic resources, social network and psychiatric morbidity prestroke did not differ from the general elderly population. Already prior to the stroke, patients reported more health problems and lower functional ability in many aspects of daily life, more passive leisure time and a lower global life satisfaction. After stroke, contacts with children were maintained, whilst contacts outside the family declined and remained lower than in the general elderly population. Stroke involved a marked reduction in global life satisfaction. Poor life satisfaction at 1 year remained poor for the entire three years; these stroke victims had a higher frequency of major depression early after stroke. The prevalence of major depression was 25% at the acute stage, 31% at 3 months, decreased to 16% at 1 year, was 19% at 2 years and increased to 29% at 3 years. The most important predictors of immediate major depression were left anterior brain lesion, dysphasia, and living alone. Dependence in self-care ability and loss of social contacts outside the family were the most important predictors at 3 months. From 1 year onwards, loss of social contacts contributed most to depression and at 3 years also cerebral atrophy. Sixty percent of patients with early depression (0-3 months) had recovered at 1 year; those not recovered at 1 year had a high risk of chronicitation. Hypercortisolism as measured by the dexamethasone suppression test was associated with major depression late (3 years) but not early (0-3 months) after stroke. At 3 years, the dexamethasone suppression test had a sensitivity of 70%, a specificity of 97%, a positive predictive value of 88%, a negative predicitive value of 91%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 90%. Nonsuppression of dexamethasone at 3 months was a significant predictor of major depression at 3 years.
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Pound, Pandora. "Lives with stroke." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387609.
Warlow, C., J. van Gijn, M. Dennis, J. Wardlaw, J. Bamford, G. Hankey, P. Sandercock, et al., eds. Stroke. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470696361.
Steiner, Thorsten, Werner Hacke, and Daniel F. Hanley, eds. Stroke. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60264-1.
Kalra, Lalit. "Stroke and Stroke Rehabilitation." In Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine, 675–90. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119952930.ch58.
Zielinski, Brandon A., and Denise Morita. "Stroke." In Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 589–99. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6356-5_36.
McCredie, Victoria A. "Stroke." In Echography and Doppler of the Brain, 139–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48202-2_12.
Singh, Harjit, and Janet A. Neutze. "Stroke." In Radiology Fundamentals, 339–44. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0944-1_53.
Lazar, Ronald M. "Stroke." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 3312–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_2199.
Pinto, Camila Bonin, Faddi Ghassan Saleh Velez, and Felipe Fregni. "Stroke." In Neuromethods, 29–62. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7880-9_2.
Plamondon, Rejean. "Invited Lecture I: Strokes against Stroke - Stroke For Strides." In 2012 International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfhr.2012.302.
Ouriques Martins, Sheila. "Global Stroke Alliance." In Global Stroke Alliance, edited by Carlos Molina, Raul Nogueira, Werner Hacke, Marc Fisher, Pablo Lavados, Gabriel de Freitas, Daniel Bezerra, et al. Frontiers Media SA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-8325-1217-3.
Brooks, Keith, and Joe Lepley. "Development of a Long Duration Capacitive Discharge Ignition System." In ASME 2002 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2002-461.
The development and testing of a new long secondary duration capacitor discharge ignition system is described. Results obtained on a large-bore, slow speed, 2-stroke test engine are described and compared to the results obtained by a commercially available capacitor discharge (CD) single-strike and double-strike ignition system. These tests are conducted under rated full load conditions and high boost lean operation. Engine emissions, fuel consumption, and misfire rates are analyzed and compared in order to determine if such a product merits commercialization. It has been previously demonstrated that multi-strike ignition systems (four strikes per compression stroke) can offer significant reductions in emissions and misfire rate in large-bore slow speed engines field retrofitted to increased boost lean operation for much lower costs than physical modifications to the heads to accommodate prechambers and fuel systems modifications. The work described here utilizes single and double-strike systems (two strikes per compression stroke) with lower energy than previous tests and lower total cost. The extended spark system tested is a proprietary development capacitor discharge system offering the benefits of capacitor discharge design with extremely long duration.
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Sponsler, Jeffrey L. "StrokeDx: A Stroke Diagnosis Program." In Modelling and Simulation. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2013.802-006.
Ferreira, Guilherme Ribeiro, Hayla Akkache Tonet, Héctor Hugo Queiroz Franca, and João Lucas de Moraes Dias. "Profile of morbimortality by stroke in Brazil between 2015 and 2020." In II INTERNATIONAL SEVEN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeinternationalanais-040.
Abstract Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, including Brazil¹,2. It is a more common condition in the elderly, but it has an increasing prevalence in young adults due to the development of risk factors that were typically attributed to older ages3. Risk factors can be categorized into non-modifiable (race, ethnicity, gender and age) and modifiable (arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, smoking and alcoholism), both contributing to distinct trends in incidence and mortality from stroke4. There are two pathological subtypes of stroke, the hemorrhagic one that courses with intraparenchymal or subarachnoid hemorrhage, and the ischemic one that involves areas of cerebral, retinal and even spinal infarction5,6. Clinical syndromes and focal neurological deficits are determined by the affected vascular territory, a parameter that is also used to classify strokes, presume prognoses and determine more specific interventions
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Wang, Haizhou, and Conrad Tucker. "Pixel to Stroke Sketch Generation Using Reinforcement Learning." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98481.
Abstract Many engineering design tasks involve creating early conceptual sketches that do not require exact dimensions. Although some previous works focus on automatically generating sketches from reference images, many of them output exactly the same objects as the reference images. There are also models that generate sketches from scratch, which can be divided into pixel-based and stroke-based methods. Pixel-based methods generate sketches as a whole, without any information of the strokes, while stroke-based methods generate sketches by outputting strokes in a sequential manner. Pixel-based methods are frequently used to generate realistic color images. Although the pixel-based methods are more popular, stroke-based methods have the advantages to scale to a larger dimension without losing high fidelity. An image generated from stroke-based methods has only strokes on the canvas, resulting in no random noise in the blank areas of the canvas. However, one challenge in the engineering design community is that most of the sketches are saved as pixel-based images. Furthermore, many non-pixel-based methods rely on stroke-based training data, making them ill-suited for generating design conceptual sketches. In order to overcome these limitations, the authors proposed an agent that can learn from pixel-based images and generate stroke-based images. An advantage of such an agent is the ability to utilize pixel-based training data that is abundant in design repositories, to train stroke-based methods that are typically constrained by the lack of access to stroke-based training data.
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Genton, Monique. "Stroke." In ACM SIGGRAPH 98 Electronic art and animation catalog. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/281388.281434.
Niu, Jianwei, Like Zhu, Qifeng Yan, Yingfei Liu, and Kongqiao Wang. "Stroke++." In the 12th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1851600.1851675.
Chew, M., and T. A. Good. "Synthesis of Non-Uniform Stroke Piston Engines." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/mech-1213.
Abstract Piston engines have generally been designed with strokes that are uniform throughout the engine cycle. Variable-stroke engines have been designed with the capability to change the stroke lengths from cycle to cycle depending on load requirement. This article examines the synthesis of piston engines that are designed to have different stroke lengths and different relative stroke timing over an engine cycle. Such piston trajectories have been found to exhibit very high thermal efficiencies without resorting to high compression ratios. An investigation into different mechanisms and approaches toward the synthesis of such engine mechanisms is presented.
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Vibane, Kristine. "Stroke literacy among stroke survivors’ family caregivers." In 19th International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2018". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2018.163.
Jaques, A. EC Driver - 41" Stroke Hydraulic Cylinder. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1031841.
Ignatova, Valentina, Lyudmila Todorova, and Lyubomir Haralanov. Exogenous Temporal Factors for Stroke Onset. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2021.09.16.
Thomson, Scott. The Stroke Oxygen Supplementation (SOS) study. National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/nihropenres.1115189.1.
Cathcart, Geoffrey, Gavin Dickson, and Steven Ahern. The Application of Air-Assist Direct Injection for Spark-ignited Heavy Fuel 2-Stroke and 4-Stroke Engines. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0065.
Kent, David, Jeffrey Saver, Scott Kasner, Jason Nelson, Andy Wang, Raveendhara Bannuru, John Carroll, et al. Evaluating Therapies to Prevent Future Stroke in Patients with Patent Foramen Ovale-Related Strokes – The SCOPE Study. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/04.2023.rs.scope2019001.
Boll, W., M. Bonifer, R. Kiemel, and U. Endruschat. Durable Catalyst Formulations for Four-Stroke Small Engines. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-32-9053.
Toshinao, Takigawa, and Ishikawa Eiichi. Development of "RTL250F" Four-Stroke Engine Trials Motorcycle. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0508.
Mcdonald, Joseph, John Menter, Jane Armstrong, and Jitendra Shah. Evaluation of Emissions from Asian 2-stroke Motorcycles. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-32-0114.
Fitch, J. P. Technologies for diagnosis and treatment of acute stroke. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/654334.
