Academic literature on the topic 'String quartets'
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Journal articles on the topic "String quartets"
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Johnson, Bret. "David Diamond String Quartets." Tempo 59, no. 234 (September 21, 2005): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298205290320.
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DIAMOND: String Quartets (complete); Concerto for String Quartet; Night Music for Accordion and String Quartet1. Potomac String Quartet with 1Carmelo Pino (acc). 4-CD set (each disc available separately): Albany TROY 504 (Nos. 3 and 8, Concerto), 540 (Nos. 2, 9 and 10), 613 (Nos. 1, 5 and 6) and 727 (Nos. 4 and 7, Night Music).
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Graubart, Michael. "Schoenberg's String Quartets." Tempo 58, no. 229 (July 2004): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298204210221.
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SCHOENBERG: String Quartets Nos.1–4; String Quartet in D major; Presto in C major; Scherzo in F major. Aron Quartet (Ludwig Müller, Barna Kobori, Georg Hamann, Christophe Pantillon) with Anna Maria Pammer (sop). Preiser Records PR 90572 (3-CD set).
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Drakeford, Richard, Georges Onslow, and Coull String Quartet. "String Quartets." Musical Times 134, no. 1810 (December 1993): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1002957.
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Drabkin, William. "Review: 6 String Quartets, Opus 20; 6 String Quartets, Opus 33; 6 String Quartets, Opus 50." Music and Letters 85, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ml/85.1.155.
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Cibişescu-Duran, Iulia. "Architecture and language in the seven String Quartets by Iulia Cibişescu-Duran." Artes. Journal of Musicology 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 130–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ajm-2020-0008.
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AbstractWritten between 1990 and 2009, my seven works for string quartet: Poems for string Quartet and 6 numbered Quartets approach different modal languages, from prepentatonic or pentatonic structures to heptachordic or dodecaphonic configurations, sometimes overlapping musical languages, generating those polymorphous languages, with moments of overlapping or juxtaposing of syntaxes, with a motivic cycling determinant of a conceptual unit of works linked to synthetic, elaborate thinking. Pluripartite, seen as suites of miniatures (String Quartet No. 3, Poems for string quartet), tripartite (Quartets No. 2, 4, 5, 6) or monopartite (Quartet No. 1), the 7 String Quartets are written in the sphere of formal patterns caused by construction based on dramaturgy inspired by literary works (see Quartet No. 5 inspired by Winter at Lisbon by Antonio Munoz Molina, see Poems for string quartet and Quartet no. 3 inspired by my own poems from the volumes Hiding places of Masks and Egyptian Mystery), from the contemplation of the chordal sonorities of some tonal-functional relations or of some jazz sonorities (Quartet No. 4), of a Byzantine song or children’s songs (Quartet No. 3), of philosophical meditations (see Quartet No. 1), of sonorities belonging to the Romanian song and dance (Quartet No. 6) or of some concision and refinement as reflections of Webern’s music, overlaying on small temporal spaces different musical languages belonging to different tuning systems (Poems for string quartet). The first audition of String quartets was at the International Festivals of the Musical Autumn of Cluj and Cluj Modern Festival (1990, 1993, 1999, 2001, 2003, performers: Concordia Quartet: Albert Markos, Grigore Botar, Olimpiu Moldovan, Adalbert Torok), as well as at the International Meridian Festival, Bucharest (2018, Quartet No. 6 played by the Ad Hoc Quartet: Vlad Răceu, Diana Man, Ovidiu Costea, Vlad Rațiu, musical management: Matei Pop).
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Heyde, Neil. "‘Period’ string quartets." Early Music XXIX, no. 4 (November 2001): 664–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/earlyj/xxix.4.664.
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Behague, Gerard. "String Quartets (review)." Latin American Music Review 24, no. 2 (2003): 293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lat.2003.0016.
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Carey, Christian. "NARRATOLOGY IN THE PRACTICE SESSION MODEL OF ELLIOTT CARTER'S STRING QUARTET NO. 5." Tempo 77, no. 305 (July 2023): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298223000062.
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AbstractElliott Carter's programme notes for his String Quartet No. 5 describe it as being about the embodiment of human interaction within the rehearsal process. This article develops this concept, evaluating the musical figures that are foreshadowed by the fragments that Carter suggests are rehearsal outtakes. Certain motives are reiterated and developed through slight variations, thus exemplifying the rehearsal process, and perhaps the editorial process, in detail. Interactions within this model are suggestive of the character types that Carter has delineated in his previous string quartets, notably No. 2. Using the Practice Session model also alludes to the real-life circumstances of the preparation of previous quartets by ensembles, and anecdotes about the Juilliard Quartet's rehearsals for the premiere of the String Quartet No. 3 can enhance a narratological understanding of the No. 5's construction. Finally, String Quartet No. 5 is considered as an example of one of the transitional works that initiate Carter's late style and its consolidation of material; its use of all-interval chords, their subsets and supersets reflects the constructive elements of human interaction that Carter has stressed as a principal thematic element.
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Conway, Paul. "London, Wigmore Hall and R.A.M.: String Quartets by Hans Abrahamsen, Rebecca Saunders, Colin Matthews, Graham Williams and John Hawkins." Tempo 67, no. 264 (April 2013): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298213000156.
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Due to Hurricane Sandy, the New York-based JACK Quartet were unable to cross the Atlantic to join forces with the Arditti Quartet at London's Wigmore Hall on 31 October 2012 for the British premières, now postponed, of 2012-S for two string quartets by James Clarke and the string octet Kampf zwischen Karneval und Fasten by Mauro Lanza. In lieu, the Ardittis substituted James Clarke's String Quartet No. 1 (2002–03) and Wolfgang Rihm's String Quartet No. 13 (2011), joining the first performances in the UK, as originally advertised, of quartets by Danish composer Hans Abrahamsen and British-born, Berlin-domiciled Rebecca Saunders.
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Conway, Paul. "Pascal Dusapin round-up." Tempo 59, no. 234 (September 21, 2005): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298205250325.
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PASCAL DUSAPIN: Perelà, uomo di fumo. Orchestre National de Montpellier c. Alain Altinoglu. Naïve MO 782168 (2-CD set).DUSAPIN: 7 Études pour piano; À quia (piano concerto). Ian Pace (pno), Orchestre de Paris c. Christoph Eschenbach. Naïve MO 782164.DUSAPIN: Granum Sinapis; Umbrae Mortis; Dona eis. Choeur de Chamber Accentus, Ensemble Ars Nova c. Laurence Equilbey. Naïve MO 782116.DUSAPIN: String Quartets Nos. 1 and 4. Danel String Quartet. Accord 476 1919.DUSAPIN: String Quartets Nos. 2 ‘Time Zones’ and 3. DUTILLEUX: Ainsi la Nuit. Arditti String Quartet. Naïve MO 782125.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "String quartets"
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ZHAO, LINGYAN. "STRING QUARTETS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1147967807.
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Ben-Tal, Oded. "String quartet /." May be available electronically:, 2002. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Edwards, Angela M. "Frank Bridge : the string quartets." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1992. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14826/.
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This study traces the stylistic development of the string quartets. The opening chapter shows the way that his personal idiom emerged in the earliest works. It also explains the analytical approach that has been used. The concept of symmetrical orderings fusing separate elements has been evident in music from all stages of Bridge's output. Overall tonal relationships have linked with inner tonal relationships as well as thematic ideas and chord structures. In addition, symmetry has drawn together the two aspects of Bridge's language, the traditional and the radical, and shown how the way that they are balanced is subtly changed in the course of his development as a composer. The music is explained from two approaches to symmetry, linear and circular. The ascending chromatic scale can be divided symmetrically by a number of intervals, notably seconds and thirds and tritones. Symmetrical orderings of two or more of these intervals are commonly found. The twelve semitones can also be arranged as a circle of fifths and it is this that has been most significant to the study. By adding tonal definition to these pitches, the circle of fifths explains this aspect of the music and also how certain pitches are interchangeable with one another. Therefore, the circle of fifths has also been a useful tool in explaining Bridge's concept of extended tonality. The main part of the study discusses the second and third quartets in depth as they represent the peak of Bridge's creative output and are at the centre of important stylistic changes. The final chapter briefly shows the way that his language continued to develop in the abandoned work and the fourth, and last. quartet.
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Finney, Ian James. "The string quartets of Vagn Holmoe." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245474.
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The introduction gives a global view of the Holmboe quartet cycle and hints at its place in twentieth-century music history. A brief survey is then made of the unpublished quartets (1926-44) written before the recognized First Quartet. Quotations are made from the manuscripts of these works; there is a discussion of the formative influences on Holmboe through this period, especially from Stravinsky, Bartok and Nielsen. Subsequent chapters divide the published quartet cycle into seven chronological groups. Each of Quartets nos. 1-16 is analyzed in some detail; the discussion of no-1 and nos. 3-12 also includes reference to and quotation of sketches and other manuscript material in the Royal Library, Copenhagen. Most of these chapters have a preliminary discussion on some issue relevant to the period, and which refers to works in other genres: technical issues discussed include the concept of metamorphosis, the motivic motto, serialism and Holmboe's 'late style'. Analysis changes its slant as Holmboe's style changes - analysis of the early quartets is tonal and motivic; that of the middle quartets is motivic tending towards pitch-class set analysis; that of the later quartets returns to large-scale tonal functioning. The last chapter gives a brief survey of Quartets nos. 17-20, and ends with a comparison between the quartet cycles of Holmboe and Shostakovich.
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Yang, Benjamin H. (Benjamin Hoh). "A Study of the Relationship Between Motive and Structure in Brahms's op. 51 String Quartets." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332309/.
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In 1873, Brahms completed the two op. 51 quartets. These were not the first string quartets Brahms composed, hut they were the first that Brahms allowed to be published. He found the string quartet difficult; as he confided to his friend Alwin Cranz, he sketched out twenty string quartets before producing a pair he thought worthy of publishing. Questions arise: what aspect of the string quartet gave Brahms so much trouble, and what in the op. 51 quartets gave him the inclination to publish them for the first time in his career?
The op. 51 quartets are essential to understanding the evolution of Brahms's compositional technique. Brahms had difficulty limiting his massive harmony and polyphony to four solo strings. This difficulty was compounded by his insistence on deriving even the accompaniment from the opening main motivic material.
This study investigates the manner in which Brahms distributes the main motivic material to all four voices in these quartets, while at the same time highlighting each voice effectively in the dialogue.
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Prestia, Chrysa. "Temporum mobile : for string quartet /." May be available electronically:, 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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French, Daniel W. "String quartet in C major." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/449.
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Liddle, J. A. "Irony and ambiguity in Beethoven's string quartets." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.653893.
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This thesis explores the view that many of the difficulties and apparent eccentricities of Beethoven’s Late Quartets (particularly Op. 130, 132, 133 and 135) may be understood in terms of irony, in the sense that it appears in the philosophical and aesthetic writings of the early German Romantics. A chain of influence is demonstrated between Beethoven and Friedrich Schlegel’s philosophy of Romantic irony, through significant inter-personal relationships as well as through Beethoven’s exposure to Schlegel’s written works. This connection provides a firm hermeneutic basis for considering the composer’s work in terms of irony. The A minor Quartet Op. 132 is given as an example of Beethoven’s Romantic irony, and considered in terms of the constitutive elements of Schlegel’s Romantic irony – Paradox, Parabasis and Self-consciousness. However, this thesis also demonstrates that the irony within the Late Quartets goes beyond the confines of Romantic irony. The paradoxical structures of the Cavatina and Grosse Fuge are considered as examples of “general” or “existential” irony – a form closely related to Schlegelian irony. Moreover, the replacement finale of the Op. 130 quartet is shown to constitute a striking instance of satire: a bitter ironic comment upon the musical conservatism of Beethoven’s critics. This thesis therefore explores the philosophical background and the nature of irony itself, relating all of its forms to one underlying structure and to one fundamental process. This process – “objectification” – is derived from the work of Mikhail Bakhtin, and forms the theoretical basis for the structural approach of the analyses of irony within the thesis. The thesis also considers the relationship between irony and related phenomena such as wit and humour. It suggests that the differences between these concepts correspond to those between Beethoven’s Romantic irony and the wit and humour of his predecessors. Finally, the relationship between irony and ambiguity is also considered.
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Choa, Sharon Andrea. "Sonata-fugue in Joseph Haydn's string quartets." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/sonatafugue-in-joseph-haydns-string-quartets(82b5de10-3113-42a1-b683-c101cd19df3f).html.
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Oboussier, Jacques Philippe. "Hyacinthe Jadin (1776-1800) : the string quartets." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425491.
Full textBooks on the topic "String quartets"
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Beethoven, Ludwig van. String quartets. Leeuwarden, The Netherlands]: Brilliant Classics, 2007.
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Diotima, Quatuor, ed. String quartets. [Munich]: Neos, 2010.
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Hottinen, Merja. String quartets' edition: Finnish works for string quartet. Helsinki: Finnish Music Information Centre, 2008.
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Lam, Basil. Beethoven string quartets. London: Ariel Music, 1986.
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Schubert, Franz. Complete string quartets. Georgsmarienhütte: CPO, 1997.
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Lutosławski, Witold. String quartet. New York, N.Y: Elektra Nonesuch, 1991.
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Varsovia-Streichquartett. The Varsovia Quartet play string quartets from Poland. Southwater, West Sussex, England: Olympia, 1989.
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Arthur, Berger. String quartet. [U.S.]: Henmar Press, 1993.
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Quartet, Juilliard String, ed. The six string quartets. New York, N.Y: Sony, 1997.
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Nancarrow, Conlon. String quartet. Baltimore, Md: Smith Publications, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "String quartets"
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"General References." In String Quartets, 13–26. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203891254-4.
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"Aspects of Performance." In String Quartets, 419–54. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203891254-7.
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"Miscellaneous Topics." In String Quartets, 477–84. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203891254-9.
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"Individual Composers." In String Quartets, 84–418. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203891254-6.
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"Facsimiles and Critical Editions." In String Quartets, 455–76. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203891254-8.
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"Histories." In String Quartets, 27–83. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203891254-5.
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Campagnoli, Bartolomeo. "Six String Quartets." In Recent Researches in the Music of the Classical Era, 106. A-R Editions, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31022/c106.
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"Musical Closure and Functional Transformation: Reanimating the Dynamics of the Lyric." In Schubert's String Quartets, 107–59. Cambridge University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781009210911.004.
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"Bibliography." In Schubert's String Quartets, 279–96. Cambridge University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781009210911.009.
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"The Temporality of Lyric Teleology: Once More between Sonata and Variation in Schubert’s Quartets." In Schubert's String Quartets, 208–63. Cambridge University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781009210911.006.
Full textConference papers on the topic "String quartets"
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"Study on the Musical Language and Structure of the String Quartets of Shostakovich in Later Period." In 2018 International Conference on Arts, Linguistics, Literature and Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icallh.2018.76.
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Gotham, Mark, Maureen Redbond, Bruno Bower, and Peter Jonas. "The “OpenScore String Quartet” Corpus." In DLfM 2023: 10th International Conference on Digital Libraries for Musicology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3625135.3625155.
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Glowinski, Donald, Giorgio Gnecco, Stefano Piana, and Antonio Camurri. "Expressive Non-verbal Interaction in String Quartet." In 2013 Humaine Association Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acii.2013.45.
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Thielen, Elisabeth, Julien Letellier, Jürgen Sieck, and Annette Thoma. "Bringing a virtual string quartet to life." In AfriCHI '18: 2nd African Conference for Human Computer Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3283458.3283477.
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Morita, Satoru, and Sayaka Tokunou. "Learning Ensemble Performance for String Quartet by Practice." In 2006 IEEE Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccis.2006.252331.
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Chen, Young-Long, Hsin I. Huang, and Tzu-Te Yen. "Learned String Quartet Music with Variational Auto Encoder." In 2023 Asia Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc58517.2023.10317246.
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Yang, Hung-Chih, Cheng-Ming Xie, Po-Chun Wang, You-Cheng Xiao, and Wen-Yu Su. "Building AR Virtual String Quartet for Live Concert." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality (AIVR). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aivr52153.2021.00066.
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Gomes, Otavio Colella, Winfried Lachenmayr, Jithin Thilakan, and Malte Kob. "Anechoic Multi-Channel Recordings of individual String Quartet musicians." In 2021 Immersive and 3D Audio: from Architecture to Automotive (I3DA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i3da48870.2021.9610912.
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Taminau, Jonatan, Ruben Hillewaere, Stijn Meganck, Darrell Conklin, Ann Nowé, and Bernard Manderick. "Applying subgroup discovery for the analysis of string quartet movements." In 3rd international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1878003.1878014.
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Percival, Graham, Nicholas Bailey, and George Tzanetakis. "Physical modelling and supervised training of a virtual string quartet." In the 21st ACM international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2502081.2502101.
Full textReports on the topic "String quartets"
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Pedersen, Gjertrud. Symphonies Reframed. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.481294.
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Symphonies Reframed recreates symphonies as chamber music. The project aims to capture the features that are unique for chamber music, at the juncture between the “soloistic small” and the “orchestral large”. A new ensemble model, the “triharmonic ensemble” with 7-9 musicians, has been created to serve this purpose. By choosing this size range, we are looking to facilitate group interplay without the need of a conductor. We also want to facilitate a richness of sound colours by involving piano, strings and winds. The exact combination of instruments is chosen in accordance with the features of the original score. The ensemble setup may take two forms: nonet with piano, wind quartet and string quartet (with double bass) or septet with piano, wind trio and string trio. As a group, these instruments have a rich tonal range with continuous and partly overlapping registers. This paper will illuminate three core questions: What artistic features emerge when changing from large orchestral structures to mid-sized chamber groups? How do the performers reflect on their musical roles in the chamber ensemble? What educational value might the reframing unfold? Since its inception in 2014, the project has evolved to include works with vocal, choral and soloistic parts, as well as sonata literature. Ensembles of students and professors have rehearsed, interpreted and performed our transcriptions of works by Brahms, Schumann and Mozart. We have also carried out interviews and critical discussions with the students, on their experiences of the concrete projects and on their reflections on own learning processes in general. Chamber ensembles and orchestras are exponents of different original repertoire. The difference in artistic output thus hinges upon both ensemble structure and the composition at hand. Symphonies Reframed seeks to enable an assessment of the qualities that are specific to the performing corpus and not beholden to any particular piece of music. Our transcriptions have enabled comparisons and reflections, using original compositions as a reference point. Some of our ensemble musicians have had first-hand experience with performing the original works as well. Others have encountered the works for the first time through our productions. This has enabled a multi-angled approach to the three central themes of our research. This text is produced in 2018.
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McQuinn, Kieran, Conor O'Toole, Eoin Kenny, and Lea Hauser. Quarterly Economic Commentary, Winter 2023. ESRI, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/qec2023win.
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Forecast Overview: While the underlying Irish economy as measured by modified domestic demand (MDD) continues to grow, it is clear that external sources of growth are slowing somewhat. Global conditions continue to moderate as households and firms in most Western economies are facing elevated costs of finance through higher interest rates. This has implications for the domestic economy given its small and open nature. However, the moderating impact on the Irish economy is compounded by the slowdown in growth rates experienced by sectors which have been central to the recent strong growth performance. Exports and investment levels in the domestic economy, for example, have registered negative growth rates in recent quarters principally due to the slowdown in multinational-related activities. Despite this, MDD is still growing at a consistent rate of approximately 0.6 per cent, and other indicators such as Exchequer receipts and the labour market variables all indicate resilient domestic growth. We expect MDD to grow at an average of 2 per cent in 2024. The recent Budget was a sizeable package with an additional expenditure level of approximately €14 billion being outlined for the coming year. While there were elements in the Budget which were laudable, overall the package was quite stimulatory and would have benefitted from being more targeted in nature. This is particularly the case given the persistence observed in the rates of CPI inflation. We now forecast that inflation will be 6.4 per cent in 2023 before falling to a still elevated rate of 2.9 per cent in 2024. A Special Article to the Commentary by Doorley et al. presents the annual distributional review of the impacts of the Budget. Doorley et al. conclude that the Budget left households across the income distribution better off by just over 2 per cent, with the lowest income quintile benefitting the most by 5 to 6 per cent of disposable income. They also note that policymakers should move away from the use of temporary measures to compensate households for the presence of inflation.
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Hilbrecht, Margo, David Baxter, Alexander V. Graham, and Maha Sohail. Research Expertise and the Framework of Harms: Social Network Analysis, Phase One. GREO, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2020.006.
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In 2019, the Gambling Commission announced a National Strategy to Reduce Gambling Harms. Underlying the strategy is the Framework of Harms, outlined in Measuring gambling-related harms: A framework for action. "The Framework" adopts a public health approach to address gambling-related harm in Great Britain across multiple levels of measurement. It comprises three primary factors and nine related subfactors. To advance the National Strategy, all componentsneed to be supported by a strong evidence base. This report examines existing research expertise relevant to the Framework amongacademics based in the UK. The aim is to understand the extent to which the Framework factors and subfactors have been studied in order to identify gaps in expertise and provide evidence for decision making thatisrelevant to gambling harms research priorities. A social network analysis identified coauthor networks and alignment of research output with the Framework. The search strategy was limited to peer-reviewed items and covered the 12-year period from 2008 to 2019. Articles were selected using a Web of Science search. Of the 1417 records identified in the search, the dataset was refined to include only those articles that could be assigned to at least one Framework factor (n = 279). The primary factors and subfactors are: Resources:Work and Employment, Money and Debt, Crime;Relationships:Partners, Families and Friends, Community; and Health:Physical Health, Psychological Distress, and Mental Health. We used Gephi software to create visualisations reflecting degree centrality (number of coauthor networks) so that each factor and subfactor could be assessed for the density of research expertise and patterns of collaboration among coauthors. The findings show considerable variation by framework factor in the number of authors and collaborations, suggesting a need to develop additional research capacity to address under-researched areas. The Health factor subcategory of Mental Health comprised almost three-quarters of all citations, with the Resources factor subcategory of Money and Debt a distant second at 12% of all articles. The Relationships factor, comprised of two subfactors, accounted for less than 10%of total articles. Network density varied too. Although there were few collaborative networks in subfactors such as Community or Work and Employment, all Health subfactors showed strong levels of collaboration. Further, some subfactors with a limited number of researchers such as Partners, Families, and Friends and Money and debt had several active collaborations. Some researchers’ had publications that spanned multiple Framework factors. These multiple-factor researchers usually had a wide range of coauthors when compared to those who specialised (with the exception of Mental Health).Others’ collaborations spanned subfactors within a factor area. This was especially notable forHealth. The visualisations suggest that gambling harms research expertise in the UK has considerable room to grow in order to supporta more comprehensive, locally contextualised evidence base for the Framework. To do so, priority harms and funding opportunities will need further consideration. This will require multi-sector and multidisciplinary collaboration consistent with the public health approach underlying the Framework. Future research related to the present analysis will explore the geographic distribution of research activity within the UK, and research collaborations with harms experts internationally.
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Bourrier, Mathilde, Michael Deml, and Farnaz Mahdavian. Comparative report of the COVID-19 Pandemic Responses in Norway, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. University of Stavanger, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.254.
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The purpose of this report is to compare the risk communication strategies and public health mitigation measures implemented by Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic based on publicly available documents. The report compares the country responses both in relation to one another and to the recommendations and guidance of the World Health Organization where available. The comparative report is an output of Work Package 1 from the research project PAN-FIGHT (Fighting pandemics with enhanced risk communication: Messages, compliance and vulnerability during the COVID-19 outbreak), which is financially supported by the Norwegian Research Council's extraordinary programme for corona research. PAN-FIGHT adopts a comparative approach which follows a “most different systems” variation as a logic of comparison guiding the research (Przeworski & Teune, 1970). The countries in this study include two EU member States (Sweden, Germany), one which was engaged in an exit process from the EU membership (the UK), and two non-European Union states, but both members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA): Norway and Switzerland. Furthermore, Germany and Switzerland govern by the Continental European Federal administrative model, with a relatively weak central bureaucracy and strong subnational, decentralised institutions. Norway and Sweden adhere to the Scandinavian model—a unitary but fairly decentralised system with power bestowed to the local authorities. The United Kingdom applies the Anglo-Saxon model, characterized by New Public Management (NPM) and decentralised managerial practices (Einhorn & Logue, 2003; Kuhlmann & Wollmann, 2014; Petridou et al., 2019). In total, PAN-FIGHT is comprised of 5 Work Packages (WPs), which are research-, recommendation-, and practice-oriented. The WPs seek to respond to the following research questions and accomplish the following: WP1: What are the characteristics of governmental and public health authorities’ risk communication strategies in five European countries, both in comparison to each other and in relation to the official strategies proposed by WHO? WP2: To what extent and how does the general public’s understanding, induced by national risk communication, vary across five countries, in relation to factors such as social capital, age, gender, socio-economic status and household composition? WP3: Based on data generated in WP1 and WP2, what is the significance of being male or female in terms of individual susceptibility to risk communication and subsequent vulnerability during the COVID-19 outbreak? WP4: Based on insight and knowledge generated in WPs 1 and 2, what recommendations can we offer national and local governments and health institutions on enhancing their risk communication strategies to curb pandemic outbreaks? WP5: Enhance health risk communication strategies across five European countries based upon the knowledge and recommendations generated by WPs 1-4. Pre-pandemic preparedness characteristics All five countries had pandemic plans developed prior to 2020, which generally were specific to influenza pandemics but not to coronaviruses. All plans had been updated following the H1N1 pandemic (2009-2010). During the SARS (2003) and MERS (2012) outbreaks, both of which are coronaviruses, all five countries experienced few cases, with notably smaller impacts than the H1N1 epidemic (2009-2010). The UK had conducted several exercises (Exercise Cygnet in 2016, Exercise Cygnus in 2016, and Exercise Iris in 2018) to check their preparedness plans; the reports from these exercises concluded that there were gaps in preparedness for epidemic outbreaks. Germany also simulated an influenza pandemic exercise in 2007 called LÜKEX 07, to train cross-state and cross-department crisis management (Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk, 2007). In 2017 within the context of the G20, Germany ran a health emergency simulation exercise with WHO and World Bank representatives to prepare for potential future pandemics (Federal Ministry of Health et al., 2017). Prior to COVID-19, only the UK had expert groups, notably the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), that was tasked with providing advice during emergencies. It had been used in previous emergency events (not exclusively limited to health). In contrast, none of the other countries had a similar expert advisory group in place prior to the pandemic. COVID-19 waves in 2020 All five countries experienced two waves of infection in 2020. The first wave occurred during the first half of the year and peaked after March 2020. The second wave arrived during the final quarter. Norway consistently had the lowest number of SARS-CoV-2 infections per million. Germany’s counts were neither the lowest nor the highest. Sweden, Switzerland and the UK alternated in having the highest numbers per million throughout 2020. Implementation of measures to control the spread of infection In Germany, Switzerland and the UK, health policy is the responsibility of regional states, (Länders, cantons and nations, respectively). However, there was a strong initial centralized response in all five countries to mitigate the spread of infection. Later on, country responses varied in the degree to which they were centralized or decentralized. Risk communication In all countries, a large variety of communication channels were used (press briefings, websites, social media, interviews). Digital communication channels were used extensively. Artificial intelligence was used, for example chatbots and decision support systems. Dashboards were used to provide access to and communicate data.
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Uni, Zehava, and Peter Ferket. Enhancement of development of broilers and poults by in ovo feeding. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695878.bard.
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The specific objectives of this research were the study of the physical and nutritional properties of the In Ovo Feeding (IOF) solution (i.e. theosmostic properties and the carbohydrate: protein ratio composition). Then, using the optimal solution for determining its effect on hatchability, early nutritional status and intestinal development of broilers and turkey during the last quarter of incubation through to 7 days post-hatch (i.e. pre-post hatch period) by using molecular, biochemical and histological tools. The objective for the last research phase was the determination of the effect of in ovo feeding on growth performance and economically valuable production traits of broiler and turkey flocks reared under practical commercial conditions. The few days before- and- after hatch is a critical period for the development and survival of commercial broilers and turkeys. During this period chicks make the metabolic and physiological transition from egg nutriture (i.e. yolk) to exogenous feed. Late-term embryos and hatchlings may suffer a low glycogen status, especially when oxygen availability to the embryo is limited by low egg conductance or poor incubator ventilation. Much of the glycogen reserve in the late-term chicken embryo is utilized for hatching. Subsequently, the chick must rebuild that glycogen reserve by gluconeogenesis from body protein (mostly from the breast muscle) to support post-hatch thermoregulation and survival until the chicks are able to consume and utilize dietary nutrients. Immediately post-hatch, the chick draws from its limited body reserves and undergoes rapid physical and functional development of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in order to digest feed and assimilate nutrients. Because the intestine is the nutrient primary supply organ, the sooner it achieves this functional capacity, the sooner the young bird can utilize dietary nutrients and efficiently grow at its genetic potential and resist infectious and metabolic disease. Feeding the embryo when they consume the amniotic fluid (IOF idea and method) showed accelerated enteric development and elevated capacity to digest nutrients. By injecting a feeding solution into the embryonic amnion, the embryo naturally consume supplemental nutrients orally before hatching. This stimulates intestinal development to start earlier as was exhibited by elevated gene expression of several functional genes (brush border enzymes an transporters , elvated surface area, elevated mucin production . Moreover, supplying supplemental nutrients at a critical developmental stage by this in ovo feeding technology improves the hatchling’s nutritional status. In comparison to controls, administration of 1 ml of in ovo feeding solution, containing dextrin, maltose, sucrose and amino acids, into the amnion of the broiler embryo increased dramatically total liver glycogen in broilers and in turkeys in the pre-hatch period. In addition, an elevated relative breast muscle size (% of broiler BW) was observed in IOF chicks to be 6.5% greater at hatch and 7 days post-hatch in comparison to controls. Experiment have shown that IOF broilers and turkeys increased hatchling weights by 3% to 7% (P<0.05) over non injected controls. These responses depend upon the strain, the breeder hen age and in ovo feed composition. The weight advantage observed during the first week after hatch was found to be sustained at least through 35 days of age. Currently, research is done in order to adopt the knowledge for commercial practice.
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KAPSARC Oil Market Outlook. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2020-rt06.
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The global oil market moved into deficit in the third quarter of this year and is expected to remain in deficit during the next eight quarters. We expect the deficit to range between 3.4 – 0.1 million barrels per day (MMb/d) until OPEC ends its cuts in April 2022. The most significant drivers of the shift have been the recovery of global demand and the strong compliance of OPEC members and OPEC partners (OPEC+) with the production cuts agreed by OPEC+ at the group’s historic April meeting.
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Seizing the Cooperation Opportunities for Asia-Pacific and Latin America and the Caribbean: ADB and IDB Partnership for South-South Cooperation. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006447.
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Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and developing asia have rapidly become more intertwined as the two regions experience strong growth. Trade between the two regions has grown at an average annual rate of 20.5% since 2000, reaching an estimated US $442 billion in 2011. Developing countries are an increasingly important source of investment, and are now the origin of more than a quarter of worldwide foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. Most recently, china has emerged as an important source of capital in LAC. However, while FDI between asia and LAC is on the rise, flows remain concentrated among a few countries, and it has yet to keep pace with the robust increase in trade linkages.
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Monetary Policy Report, April 2023. Banco de la República, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr2-2023.
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Inflation would peak in March and start to gradually decline as of the second quarter of 2023, bringing inflation back to the 3% target over the next two years. • In March 2023, inflation continued to increase, reaching 13.3%. This increase is mainly explained by higher-than-expected growth of perishable food prices, a demand that remains persistently strong, the high inflation of 2022 being used in many cases to calculate price adjustments in 2023, and the aggregate effects of exchange rate increases in recent months, among others. • Starting in the second quarter, inflation would begin to fall and this decline would continue over the next two years. This would occur as food price increases gradually abate, exchange rate pressures on prices would moderate, and import logistics costs and prices of imported inputs, goods and food would continue to temper. • Several factors support this expected inflation decline, including lower cost increases measured by the producer price index, decreases in certain measures of inflation expectations of financial market operators or those who monitor the behavior of the economy, and lower observed increases in food prices. • The cumulative monetary policy interest rate adjustments will contribute to lower excess spending and reduce inflation. The economy would maintain the high levels of activity already achieved, albeit with lower growth rates, which would contribute to reducing inflation. • The economy is growing at a lower pace than in the previous year, which is normal after two years of rapid growth that led to high output levels and a significant decline in the unemployment rate, which is at its lowest level since 2018. • The current high production levels are the result of high spending by both households and businesses (consumption and investment). This spending is excessive relative to the country's income, reflected in the strong growth of imports and the large external deficit seen in 2022. • The technical staff forecasts economic growth of 1% in 2023 and 1% in 2024, mainly due to moderate consumption and investment. • These low growth rates would lessen inflation and the external deficit over the next two years. A heightened policy interest rate is required to ensure price stabilization and contribute to the sustainable growth of the Colombian economy. • Accordingly, Banco de la República has adjusted its monetary policy interest rate in response to the high demand and inflation. • From September 2021 to April 2023, the Board of Directors raised the monetary policy interest rate from 1.75% to 13.25%.
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Asia Bond Monitor September 2021. Asian Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/spr210338-2.
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In the second quarter of 2021, rising COVID-19 cases have cast a shadow over emerging East Asia's growth outlook. Yet the region's financial conditions remain broadly stable amid accommodative monetary policy stances despite some weakening signs. Local currency (LCY) bond markets in emerging East Asia expanded to $21.1 trillion at the end of June, as governments tapped LCY bonds to support recovery measures and contain the negative impact of rising COVID-19 cases. The ASEAN+3 sustainable bond market expanded to $345.2 billion at the end of Q2 2021, accounting for nearly 19% of the global sustainable bond market. The risk to the outlook for regional financial markets remains tilted to the downside. Uncertainty over recovery prospects due to COVID-19, combined with a strong US economic rebound and possible earlier-than-expected monetary policy normalization in the US, could lead to further weakening of financial conditions. This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor features special boxes on emerging East Asia’s economic outlook, market capacity and central banks’ asset purchasing programs, debt build-up, and social risk in developing Asia.
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Monetary Policy Report - October 2022. Banco de la República Colombia, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr4-2022.
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1.1 Macroeconomic summary In September, headline inflation (11.4% annually) and the average of core inflation indicators (8.6% annually) continued on a rising trend, and higher increases than expected were recorded. Forecasts increased again, and inflation expectations remained above 3%. Inflationary surprises in the third quarter were significant and widespread, and they are the result of several shocks. On the one hand, international cost and price shocks, which have mainly affected goods and foods, continue to exert upwards pressure on national inflation. In addition to these external supply shocks, domestic supply shocks have also affected foods. On the other hand, the strong recovery of aggregate demand, especially for private consumption and for machinery and equipment, as well as a higher accumulated depreciation of the Colombian peso and its pass-through to domestic prices also explain the rise in inflation. Indexation also contributes, both through the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and through the Producer Price Index (PPI), which continues to have a significant impact on electricity prices and, to a lesser degree, on other public utilities and rent. In comparison with July’s report, the new forecast trajectory for headline and core inflation (excluding food and regulated items) is higher in the forecast horizon, mainly due to exchange rate pressures, higher excess demand, and indexation at higher inflation rates, but it maintains a trend of convergence towards the target. In the case of food, a good domestic supply of perishable foods and some moderation in international processed food prices are still expected. However, the technical staff estimates higher pressures on this group’s prices from labor costs, raw material prices, and exchange rates. In terms of the CPI for regulated items, the new forecast supposes reductions in electricity prices at the end of the year, but the effects of indexation at higher inflation rates and the expected rises in fuel prices would continue to push this CPI group. Therefore, the new projection suggests that, in December, inflation would reach 11.3% and would decrease throughout 2023 and 2024, closing the year at 7.1% and 3.5%, respectively. These forecasts have a high level of uncertainty, due especially to the future behavior of international financial conditions, external price and cost shocks, the persistence of depreciation of the Colombian peso, the pace of adjustment of domestic demand, the indexation degree of nominal contracts, and the decisions that would be made regarding domestic fuel and electricity prices. Economic activity continues to surprise on the upside, and the projection of growth for 2022 rose from 6.9% to 7.9% but lowered for 2023 from 1.1% to 0.5%. Thus, excess demand is higher than estimated in the previous report, and it would diminish in 2023. Economic growth in the second quarterwas higher than estimated in July due to stronger domestic demand, mainly because of private consumption. Economic activity indicators for the third quarter suggest that the GDP would stay at a high level, above its potential, with an annual change of 6.4%, and 0.6% higher than observed in the second quarter. Nevertheless, these numbers reflect deceleration in its quarterly and annual growth. Domestic demand would show similar behavior, with a high value, higher than that of output. This can be explained partly by the strong behavior of private consumption and investment in machinery and equipment. In the third quarter, investment in construction would have continued with mediocre performance, which would still place it at levels lower than those observed before the pandemic. The trade deficit would have widened due to high imports with a stronger trend than that for exports. It is expected that, in the forecast horizon, consumption would decrease from its current high levels, partly as a consequence of tighter domestic financial conditions, lower repressed demand, higher exchange rate pressures on imported goods prices, and the deterioration of actual income due to the rise in inflation. Investment would continue to lag behind, without reaching the levels observed before the pandemic, in a context of high financing costs and high uncertainty. A lower projected behavior in domestic demand and the high levels of prices for oil and other basic goods that the country exports would be reflected in a reduction in the trade deficit. Due to all of this, economic growth for all of 2022, 2023, and 2024 would be 7.9%, 0.5%, and 1.3%, respectively. Expected excess demand (measured via the output gap) is estimated to be higher than contemplated in the previous report; it would diminish in 2023 and could turn negative in 2024. These estimates remain subject to a high degree of uncertainty related to global political tension, a rise in international interest rates, and the effects of this rise on demand and financial conditions abroad. In the domestic context, the evolution of fiscal policy as well as future measures regarding economic policy and their possible effects on macroeconomic imbalances in the country, among others, are factors that generate uncertainty and affect risk premia, the exchange rate, investment, and the country’s economic activity. Interest rates at several of the world’s main central banks continue to rise, some at a pace higher than expected by the market. This is in response to the high levels of inflation and their inflation expectations, which continue to exceed the targets. Thus, global growth projections are still being moderated, risk premia have risen, and the dollar continues to gain strength against other main currencies. International pressures on global inflation have heightened. In the United States, core inflation has not receded, pressured by the behavior of the CPI for services and a tight labor market. Consequently, the U.S. Federal Reserve continued to increase the policy interest rate at a strong pace. This rate is expected to now reach higher levels than projected in the previous quarter. Other developed and emerging economies have also increased their policy interest rates. Thus, international financial conditions have tightened significantly, which reflects in a widespread strengthening of the dollar, increases in worldwide risk premia, and the devaluation of risky assets. Recently, these effects have been stronger in Colombia than in the majority of its peers in the region. Considering all of the aforementioned, the technical staff of the bank increased its assumption regarding the U.S. Federal Reserve’s interest rate, reduced the country’s external demand growth forecast, and raised the projected trajectory for the risk premium. The latter remains elevated at higher levels than its historical average, within a context of high local uncertainty and of extensive financing needs from the foreign sector and the public sector. All of this results in higher inflationary pressures associated to the depreciation of the Colombian peso. The uncertainty regarding external forecasts and its impact on the country remain elevated, given the unforeseeable evolution of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, of geopolitical tensions, and of the tightening of external financial conditions, among others. A macroeconomic context of high inflation, inflation expectations and forecasts above 3%, and a positive output gap suggests the need for contractionary monetary policy, compatible with the macroeconomic adjustment necessary to eliminate excess demand, mitigate the risk of unanchoring in inflation expectations, and guarantee convergence of inflation at the target. In comparison with the July report forecasts, domestic demand has been more dynamic, with a higher observed output level that surpasses the economy’s productive capacity. Headline and core inflation have registered surprising rises, associated with the effects of domestic and external price shocks that were more persistent than anticipated, with excess demand and indexation processes in some CPI groups. The country’s risk premium and the observed and expected international interest rates increased. As a consequence of this, inflationary pressures from the exchange rate rose, and in this report, the probability of the neutral real interest rate being higher than estimated increased. In general, inflation expectations for all terms and the bank’s technical staff inflation forecast for 2023 increased again and continue to stray from 3%. All of the aforementioned elevated the risk of unanchoring inflation expectations and could heighten widespread indexation processes that push inflation away from the target for a longer time. In this context, it is necessary to consolidate a contractionary monetary policy that tends towards convergence of inflation at the target in the forecast horizon and towards the reduction of excess demand in order to guarantee a sustainable output level trajectory. 1.2 Monetary policy decision In its September and October of 2022 meetings, Banco de la República’s Board of Directors (BDBR) decided to continue adjusting its monetary policy. In September, the BDBR decided by a majority vote to raise the monetary policy interest rate by 100 basis points (bps), and in its October meeting, unanimously, by 100bps. Therefore, the rate is at 11.0%. Boxes 1 Food inflation: a comparison with other countries