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Journal articles on the topic 'Stresses - structural'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Sadat, Umar, Zhongzhao Teng, and Jonathan H. Gillard. "Biomechanical structural stresses of atherosclerotic plaques." Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy 8, no. 10 (October 2010): 1469–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/erc.10.130.

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2

Budz, S. F., B. D. Drobenko, and V. I. Astashkin. "Residual Structural Stresses in Glass Bodies." Materials Science 50, no. 3 (November 2014): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11003-014-9733-4.

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3

Silva, Tiago A. N., and Maria A. R. Loja. "An Educational Platform in Structural Mechanics." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 9, S8 (December 4, 2013): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v9is8.3319.

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Thermal residual stresses often arise due to a manufacturing process, involving localised thermal induction, or to the existence of structural components with different thermal expansion coefficients. The existence of thermal residual stresses within a structural member is usually undesired, as it decreases the mechanical resistance of structures. Hence, it is desirable to obtain both a minimum level of residual stresses and smoother stresses transitions in the materials interfaces. Regarding the mitigation of thermal residual stress concentration, the use of materials which properties can vary along the component directions has great interest. This work addresses the use of dual-phase functionally graded materials, which microstructure varies gradually from a material to another according to a given gradation function. On the order hand, it is also addressed the use of a population based optimization algorithm in order to attain the referred minimum stress level. Summarizing, the current work presents an educational platform directed to structural mechanics students, which aims to give the tools to understand both the influence of design parameters in the thermal residual stress level and distribution along the material and the advantages of using a structural optimization technique in order to minimize the drawback thermal residual stresses effects.

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4

Fuentes, David, Marcos Salas, Gonzalo Tampier, and Claudio Troncoso. "Structural Analysis of an Aluminum Multihull." Ciencia y tecnología de buques 8, no. 17 (July 8, 2015): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25043/19098642.123.

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Structural analysis of a multihull is relatively complex since the connecting structure introduces additional stress than those typical of a monohull. The aluminum trimaran presented in this work was designed within the framework of the research project “Conceptual Design of a High-performance Vessel for Passenger Transport in Chile’s Austral Zone”. The trimaran was structurally measured using the regulations of classification societies Germanischer Lloyd, Det Norske Veritas y LloydÅLs Register. For the scantlings obtained with each regulation a Finite Element Model was created and the structural analysis for the slamming and splitting moment events was made. The results were analyzed and the stress concentration zones were determined to compare them with admissible stresses and conclude whether the structural sizing adequately and safely responds to the design stresses.

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5

Kozyuk, A. G., and G. I. Starostin. "Residual structural stresses in reinforced shells of rotation." Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 31, no. 3 (1991): 488–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00864587.

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6

Ershov, L. V., and L. N. Germanovich. "Temperature field and structural stresses in heterogeneous rocks." Soviet Mining Science 21, no. 2 (March 1985): 122–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02499615.

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7

Sánchez-Beitia, Santiago, and Javier Barrallo. "Applicability of X-Ray Diffraction Technique for Stresses Quantification in Metallic Structural Elements." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.211.

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Since 2009 the research group managed by the authors promotes the applicability of X-Ray Diffraction technique (NDT) for global stresses measurements in metallic structures for civil engineering and building. There exists standard portable equipments in the market for different applications of those here shown (residual stresses measurements). This paper shows some tests prior the complete calibration for any situation in such a way that can be applied to the quantification of stresses in service. Until now a metallic bar at the Oporto Cathedral, two corrugate bars at laboratory and a small metallic structure at laboratory have been tested. This last experimental work is here shown. The stresses obtained are the sum of the residual stresses and the external applied stresses. Currently the group works in order to remove the effect of the residual stresses by means of tests on small metallic structures specifically built.

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8

Florentin, E., L. Gallimard, P. Ladevèze, and J. P. Pelle. "Local error estimator for stresses in 3D structural analysis." Computers & Structures 81, no. 18-19 (August 2003): 1751–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(03)00199-8.

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9

Czinkota, Sid. "Structural analysis of pipeline stresses created by line lowering." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 14, no. 6 (December 1, 1987): 719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l87-109.

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To increase the depth of soil which covers a buried steel pipeline, the line can be lowered without cutting and welding. The degree of curvature in the new profile is the critical factor for controlling the resultant strains. Presented are two methods of calculating the required profile for a line containing high-pressure natural gas. One of the two is selected as being more efficient than the other and is compared with other known methods. Finally, a case history using the new method is presented. Key words: pipelines, gas pipelines, structural analysis, stress analysis, axial stress, axial strain, deflection, curvature, profiles.

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10

Gardner, L., and R. B. Cruise. "Modeling of Residual Stresses in Structural Stainless Steel Sections." Journal of Structural Engineering 135, no. 1 (January 2009): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2009)135:1(42).

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11

Monetto, Ilaria. "Structural Models of Progressive Interface Failure under Shear Stresses." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 2619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.2619.

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This paper deals with the problem of decohesion in composite structures containing interfaces of similar/dissimilar materials. The analysis of the tractions transmitted between opposite faces into contact as well as of the initiation and propagation of delamination zones is studied with reference to plane structures with adhesive joints under shear stresses. A simplified monodimensional structural model is formulated and applied to develop basic understanding of the standard adhesion test. The analytical results obtained are used to optimize the performance of single-lap adhesive joints in practical applications.

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12

Choi, Myung-Jin. "Responses and Stresses of Structural Vibration of a Camshaft." Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea 32, no. 3 (May 31, 2013): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7776/ask.2013.32.3.208.

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13

Cosenza, Edoardo, and Marisa Pecce. "Shear and Normal Stresses Interaction in Coupled Structural Systems." Journal of Structural Engineering 127, no. 1 (January 2001): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2001)127:1(84).

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14

Harrington, J. S., and G. S. Schajer. "Measurement of Structural Stresses by Hole-Drilling and DIC." Experimental Mechanics 57, no. 4 (January 6, 2017): 559–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11340-016-0247-x.

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15

Leshkovtsev, V. G., A. M. Pokrovskii, and I. A. Tarasov. "Effect of stresses on structural transformations in steel 75Kh2GNMF." Metal Science and Heat Treatment 33, no. 2 (February 1991): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00773886.

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16

Saidov, G. I. "Theoretical-experimental determination of critical stresses in structural elements." Strength of Materials 18, no. 2 (February 1986): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01522549.

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17

Liu, Liang B., Albert F. Yee, John C. Lewis, and David W. Gidley. "Structural changes in glassy polycarbonate induced by cyclic stresses." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 131-133 (June 1991): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(91)90346-8.

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18

Casanova Garcia, Gonzalo Fernando, Andres Felipe Cardona Gutierrez, and Carlos Alberto Mantilla Viveros. "Structural component fatigue analysis of a hydrogenerator rotor." DYNA 87, no. 214 (July 1, 2020): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v87n214.84678.

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This paper presents a fatigue life calculation for the pole, the rotor rim, and the rotor spoke of a 100 MW hydro-generator. Mechanical and electrical parameters during unit start, with the hydro-generator working at several power levels, and during a load rejection from 100 MW were measured. The measured loads together with centrifugal force, gravity, and magnetic pulling force were included in finite element models to quantify stresses. Also, stresses produced during over-speed, phase-to-ground failure, and phase-to-phase failure were evaluated. A stress history for each element was obtained by fitting the calculated stresses, with the power generation history collected hourly during one year of operation of the machine. Fatigue life calculation was performed by using the stress history along with the Wang-Brown multiaxial fatigue model.

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19

Lee, Chin Hyung, and Kyong Ho Chang. "J-Integral Estimation for the 3-D Through-Thickness Centre-Cracks in Welds of Structural Steels." Materials Science Forum 580-582 (June 2008): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.580-582.125.

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For the fracture analysis of a crack in welds, residual stress analysis and fracture mechanics analysis must be performed sequentially. In this study, characteristics of residual stresses in welds of structural steels (SM490, SM520, SM570) were presented by carrying out three-dimensional (3-D) thermal elastic-plastic finite element (FE) analysis. Then, an FE analysis method which was able to calculate domain-independent values of the J-integral for a crack in a 3-D residual stress bearing body was developed to evaluate the J-integral for a mode-I centre-crack in welds of structural steels when mechanical stresses were applied in conjunction with residual stresses. The results show that the longitudinal residual stresses in welds increase with increasing yield stress of the welded steel (SM490<SM520<SM570). For the through-thickness centre-cracks in welds of structural steels where only residual stresses are present, the J-integral values increase with increasing yield stress of the welded steel. This is because the longitudinal residual stresses in welds, which in this case act as the crack driving force, increase with increasing yield stress of the welded steel. Furthermore, the values of the J-integral for the case when mechanical stresses, applied in conjunction with residual stresses, are larger than those for the case when only residual stresses are present. This is because tensile stresses by mechanical loading are added to the existing residual stresses; hence the crack driving force is larger.

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20

ABBAS, Yassir, Tariq ELSONNI, Abdul Aziz ABDULMAJID, Alnazir KHALAFALLH, and Mohammed ALNAZIR. "Structural Analysis of a Transport Aircraft Wing." INCAS BULLETIN 13, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2021.13.1.1.

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In this study the procedures of structural analysis of a typical transport aircraft wing has been followed. The wing model has been drawn using CATIA® V5; this model consists of several structural components such as spars, ribs and skin. The model has been exported into structural analysis software ANSYS® 2016. Stresses, strains, deformations and safety factors were obtained for the model. It is found that the obtained stresses caused by the aerodynamic loads on the wing are within the design structural limits where the failure by yield or buckling has not been occurred

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21

Suhara, T., K. Yoshida, and T. Yoneya. "Structural Responses and Design Waves of Semisubmersibles." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 111, no. 1 (February 1, 1989): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3257132.

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This paper presents the results of comparative calculations on structural responses of a typical semisubmersible and the discussion on design waves for brace stresses. A typical semisubmersible of two-lowerhull type is adopted as a full-scale model for the comparative calculations on three-dimensional motion and structural responses. Based on the comparative calculations by eight different computer programs, standard response functions are proposed as to axial and bending stresses of major braces. Characteristic wave loading patterns, which correspond to design waves, are proposed based on the standard stress response functions. Also simplified equations of wave forces on semisubmersibles, which are useful to consider design waves, are derived based on the assumptions of taking account of only hydrodynamic inertial forces. Based on these results, maximum brace stresses during a 100-yr return period are estimated using design wave method, and are compared with statistically estimated values by short-term and long-term predictions. As a result, it is found that design wave method has a tentative ground for practical design of semisubmersibles.

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22

Gadaud, P., and S. Pautrot. "Determination of Residual Stresses by Means of Dynamic Resonant Method." Solid State Phenomena 184 (January 2012): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.184.461.

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Young’s modulus and damping coefficient measurements performed on various materials by means of dynamic resonant method in free bending mode, exhibit transient effects during first heating, while there is no obvious structural evolution. It has been more particularly observed on sintered and rolled bulk materials as well as coated materials. It can be indubitably related to the release of internal stresses introduced during elaboration. The measurement of the resonance frequency shift associated to this release and the development of a model of beam vibration integrating the presence of internal stresses allow the estimation of the initial level of internal stresses. The mechanical model comes from the application of Hamilton principle minimizing potential and kinetic energies described by the Lagrangian of the vibrating system. Then, the effect of internal stresses is introduced, based on a model of pre-stressed vibrating beam found in literature. Three experimental illustrations are given: a HIP (high isostatic pressure) sintered MAX phase with compression internal stresses, a 70 % rolled Co base steel with very high elastic limit and anisotropic plane tension stresses and a platinum aluminide coating deposited on AM1 superalloy.

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23

Palmer, S. C. "Structural Effects of Foundation Tilt on Storage Tanks." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 206, no. 2 (August 1992): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_204_02.

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Vertical cylindrical tanks for bulk storage of oil and liquefied gas are sometimes constructed on soils that are susceptible to settlement. The types of foundation settlement and their structural effects on the tank are reviewed. An arbitrary operational limit of 1 in 200 is sometimes quoted for the foundation tilt of atmospheric storage tanks. This limit is based on aesthetic considerations and on the effects on pipework connections and other attachments. Many tanks reach this limit before the end of their design life, and tank owners face difficulties in assessing the effects of foundation tilt since the current design and inspection codes give no guidance. The purpose of this paper is to present a simple method for calculating the overturning moment, shear force and associated stresses caused by tilt of a tank, and to present a rational design basis. The procedures can be used in the design of new tanks to withstand a specified magnitude of foundation tilt and also to predict the maximum allowable tilt for existing tanks. Similarities with the overturning effects caused by wind and seismic loading are identified. The possibilities of axial buckling and shear buckling are investigated, and allowable stresses are discussed. For anchored tanks, the effects of tilt on the shell hold-down anchors are shown to be significant, and for unanchored tanks the possibility of shell uplift is discussed. A diagrammatic representation of the results is presented which allows stresses caused by tilt to be compared with stresses caused by other tank loads and the prediction of stresses caused by future tilt. Experimental tests on a model open-top tank are reported, and indicate that tilt did not cause significant distortion of the tank.

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24

Zhou, Ming, Zhi Guo Xie, and Xin Tang Wang. "Numerical Analysis of Fire Behavior of a Large Space Pre-Stressed Steel Structure under Fire." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 3729–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3729.

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The computational model of numerical analysis of a suspended pre-stressed steel reticulated shell subjected to fire load is established with using the software Marc. Based on the model presented here, numerical analysis of thermal response and structural response of the pre-stressed steel structure are computed. The different space height and different rise-span ratio are considered for analysis of response temperature, displacements and stresses of the pre-stressed lattice shell under fire for one fire source. It is also shown that displacement of the node right above the inner cable is the maximum among the four nodes presented here as the fire source is located at the position right below the second-ring cable of the structure. It is concluded that the influence degree of space height of the structure on the fire response of the structure is not great, but rise-span ratio has obvious and great effect on displacements and stresses of the pre-stressed steel structure with large span in fire.

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25

Semerak, M., N. Ferents, D. Kharyshyn, and S. Vovk. "MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF STRENGTH-DEFORMED CONDITION OF PIPE CONCRETE CONSTRUCTIONS AT SUSTAINABLE TEMPERATURE." Fire Safety 35 (February 26, 2020): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20786662.35.2019.10.

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The mathematical modeling of the thermo-stressed state of pipe-concrete structures under conditions of stationary thermal conductivity is carried out. During the study, the most common structural type of TBC was selected and mathematical models of the stress-strain state of TBA under heating conditions were taken into account, taking into account their geometric dimensions and thermophysical characteristics of metal and concrete. The main feature of the TBC study is that the heat exchange in the structure, as well as the corresponding force response, are investigated independently of each other, whereas the problem of fire resistance should be posed as a classical problem of elasticity, taking into account the mutual influence of temperature and mechanical stresses. In two-layer structures (concrete - metal), the largest radial stresses that occur in concrete work in tension. Tensile stresses occur in the thickness of the outer tube. The stresses occurring on the inner surface of the steel sleeve coincide with the stresses in the concrete. When approaching the outer surface, they decrease and on the surface r = R2 equal to zero. In the case where the coefficients of linear extension αt (i = 1, 2) are equal to each other, the maximum tensile stresses are reduced within 0≤r≤R1 .; if νi (i = 1, 2) within 0≤ r≤R2, the stresses will also decrease. Axial stresses work on compression. They reach maximum value in the outer shell. For equal values αt (1) = αt (2), the magnitude of the stresses does not change, and at ν1 = ν2 the stresses in the metal will decrease. Ring stresses in the region 0≤ r≤R1 are tensile stresses and in the region R1≤ r≤R2 are compression stresses, and the compression stresses are greater than the tensile stresses in concrete. For αt (1) = αt (2), the stresses in the concrete decrease and for ν1 = ν2.

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26

Ramsamooj, D. V. "Stresses in Jointed Rigid Pavements." Journal of Transportation Engineering 125, no. 2 (March 1999): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1999)125:2(101).

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27

Liu, Ke, Cheng Zhang, Yong Kang Pu, Hua Lin Hu, and Zheng An Wu. "Measurement of Residual Stress in Diesel Engine Castings." Key Engineering Materials 633 (November 2014): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.633.455.

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The mechanical properties of materials and structural components, notably fatigue life, brittle fracture, dimensional stability, deformation and crack propagation can be considerably influenced by residual stresses inside bodies. Accordingly, residual stresses analysis is a compulsory stage in the design of parts and structural elements and in the estimation of their reliability under real service conditions. In this paper, x-ray diffraction and hole-drilling method were used to measure residual stresses in diesel iron castings. The purpose is to determine the residual stresses distribution and analyze the annealing process on the influence of residual stress.

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28

Puklický, Libor, and Zdeněk Kala. "APPLICATION OF UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS TO STABILITY PROBLEMS OF STEEL-CONCRETE STRUCTURAL MEMBERS." Engineering Structures and Technologies 1, no. 1 (May 17, 2009): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/skt.2009.05.

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The paper deals with the fuzzy analysis of the ultimate limit state of a steel strut with an encased web in compression. The first part of the paper lists presumptions required for the determination of the theoretical load carrying capacity for the column. Stresses in the concrete and steel sections are determined according to the principles of elasticity. The ultimate limit state is given as the limit stress attained in the most stressed section of either the steel or concrete section. A general extended principle, which takes into account the epistemic uncertainty of input parameters, was utilized for the conducted analysis.

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29

Bui, Van Binh, Ich Thinh Tran, and Minh Tu Tran. "Determination of Bending Failure Load of Hat-Type Folded Composite Plate Using Finite Element Method." Journal of Science and Technology - Technical Universities 30.7, no. 146 (November 2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51316/30.7.4.

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Structural failure is initiated when a material is stressed beyond its strength limit. Determination of failure loads and failure location is one of the most important problems in design structures. This paper analyzed the failure of the hat-type laminated composite plate under a bending load. Based on the Reissner-Mindlin plate theory and isoparametric rectangular plate elements with five degrees of freedom per node, an algorithm and Matlab code were established to compute the stresses and bending failure load of the folded composite plate according to Tsai-Wu and Maximum stresses criteria. The numerical results are reliable when compared with the published results in the literature for some specific cases.

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30

Zhao, Yuan, and W. M. Roddis. "Finite Element Study of Distortion-Induced Fatigue in Welded Steel Bridges." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1845, no. 1 (January 2003): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1845-07.

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Out-of-plane distortion-induced fatigue cracking is caused by relative rotation and displacement between longitudinal girders and transverse members framing into these girders. Procedures for determination of secondary stresses are not specified in the design or rating process. Appropriate finite element method procedures to analyze distortion-induced fatigue behavior are presented. A multigirder bridge developed web gap cracks near the girder bottom flange in a positive moment region. The affected diaphragm–girder connections were repaired by installing additional reinforcing splice plates to the web and attaching connection stiffeners to the flanges. Because no structural modifications were made to similar details in the bridge that had not developed fatigue cracks, concerns remain that these details may also be subjected to high-magnitude fatigue stresses that may lead to future cracking. By using finite element submodeling techniques, potential crack initiation sites in the bridge were identified and the corresponding distortion-induced stresses were determined. The most stressed detail reached yielding with an out-of-plane displacement of only a few thousandths of an inch. On the basis of the analytical results, a linear stress–displacement correlation was established for prediction of the secondary stresses. Repair analysis indicated that web gap stresses can be significantly reduced if a rigid stiffener-to-flange attachment is used. Thus, a bolted repair is recommended for the positive moment region connections, and a welded repair is recommended for the transition and negative moment region connections.

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31

Kleimana, Jacob, and Yuri Kudryavtsevb. "Non-destructive measurements of residual stresses in structural details of bridges." Zavarivanje i zavarene konstrukcije 65, no. 2 (2020): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zzk2002065k.

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Bridges are vital in our society for uninterrupted transportation of goods and people on roads and railways and timely maintenance and repair of bridges are of outmost importance. The residual stresses have a significant effect on the process of the initiation and propagation of the fatigue cracks in welded elements and are responsible for many bridge failures.Knowledge of residual stresses, their distribution and their nature is, therefore, of paramount importance in all stages of bridge's design, building and maintenance. Among nondestructive methods for residual stress measurements the use of ultrasonic waves is gaining popularity and acceptance. A portable instrument, UltraMARS that is capable of measuring residual stresses in materials either averaged through thickness or in surface and subsurface layers using ultrasonic waves of different frequencies and displaying the results in a form of a continuous curve on the screen of the instrument was developed and used successfully in many investigations [1, 2]. The main principles of operation and used methodology are briefly discussed, with actual measurement examples using the bulk, the surface and the subsurface presented. A new transducer for measurement of surface and subsurface stresses with a variable base between the ultrasonic wave sender and receiver was designed and manufactured recently. By changing the distance between the sender and receiver it is possible to obtain nondestructively information on residual stress distribution through a certain range of thicknesses of the interrogated materials and structures. Results of calibration of the new variable base ultrasonic transducer (VBUT) for a number of selected materials will be presented. The results of residual stresses measured in structural details of a bridge that was damaged as well as in a number of welded bridges before and after application of improvement treatment used to beneficially redistribute the residual stresses are also presented. The obtained data on residuals stress distribution had proven that the nondestructive ultrasonic method for measurement of residual stresses is a practical and useful tool in maintenance and repair of bridges.

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32

Wang, Bo Xin, Cheng Kui Huang, and Huan An He. "Self-Expansive Behavior of Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-Stressing Concrete." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 1396–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1396.

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Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-stressing Concrete (SFRSSC for short) is a new type of high performance cementitious composite with self-expansive performance and high crack resistance. SFRSSC is actually a kind of expansive concrete which self-stresses, namely pre-compressive stresses, are induced by dint of some restrictions generally provided by steel bars and steel fibers to concrete expansion after hydration of expansive cement. As a result of chemical reaction, concrete achieved pre-stresses by itself different from mechanical pre-stressed concrete, so called steel fiber reinforced self-stressing concrete. In this paper the material experiments of 40 SFRSSC prisms are carried out to determine the rule of the self-expansive behavior. According to the theoretical model, a procedure how to determine the self-stress is supplied in order to supply references to the structural applications of steel fiber reinforced self-stressing concrete.

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33

Farajian, Majid, Thomas Nitschke-Pagel, and Klaus Dilger. "Welding Residual Stresses in Tubular Joints." Materials Science Forum 768-769 (September 2013): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.768-769.605.

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In spite of an increased awareness of welding residual stress threat to structural integrity, the extent of its influence on fatigue especially under multiaxial loading is still unclear and is a matter of debate. One important reason for this lack of clarities is that the determination of the initial welding residual stress field in welded structures even at the fatigue crack initiation sites is difficult and requires complementary instruments. Since the fatigue crack initiation in sound welds almost always occurs on the surface, the determination of surface residual stresses could increase the awareness of the extent of their threat to the structural safety. In this paper the development of residual stresses in different TIG-welded tubular specimens out of S355J2H and S690QL steel is studied and compared. The mechanisms of the development of residual stresses based on heat input and cooling rate are discussed. The welding parameters and thus heat inputs are varied and the mechanisms leading to different residual stress states are investigated. X-ray method was used for residual stress state characterization.

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34

Bermudez Parra, Fabio, Fernando Franco Arenas, and Fernando Casanova. "Structural analysis of a friction stir-welded small trailer." DYNA 82, no. 190 (May 11, 2015): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v82n190.43792.

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This paper introduces the analysis of a trailer structure made of 6063-T5 aluminum alloy using the Friction Stir-Welding process. The base material and the welded joint were characterized by tension tests. The loads for the structural analysis were obtained from field tests where stresses were measured on critical points at a 2.73 m long 0.95 m width trailer while it was driven on an unpaved road. The stresses on the whole trailer were found by using a finite element model, where the joint with the maximum stresses was identified. This joint was constructed with a tubular structural element using Friction Stir Welding and was evaluated by bending tests. Using the impact factor obtained from the field test, fatigue analysis was performed on the welded joint. It was found that the strength of the joint was sufficient to carry the loads on the trailer.

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35

Yan, Zhu Ling. "Influences of Welding Residual Stresses on Performance of Steel Structures and Methods for their Elimination." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.889.

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Weld connection is the major connection method for steel structures, which has the advantages of simple construction, economical materials, non-reduced section, convenient fabrication and processing and good tightness, but the residual stresses caused by welding have relatively great impact on the performance of steel structures. This paper mainly analyzes the influences of welding residual stresses on static strength, stiffness, stability, fatigue strength and low temperature performance of steel structural members, and describes the main methods for eliminating residual stresses, in order to reduce and eliminate the residual stresses, and improve the security of structural members.

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36

Fersini, Maurizio, R. Bianco, L. De Lorenzis, Antonio Licciulli, G. Pasquero, and G. Zanon. "Thermo-Structural Analysis of Ceramic Vanes for Gas Turbines." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 1759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.1759.

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Advanced structural ceramics such as Hot Pressed Silicon Nitride (HPSN) and Reaction Bonded Silicon Carbide (RBSC), thanks to their low density (3.1 ÷ 3.4 gr/cm3) and to their thermostructural properties, are interesting candidates for aerospace applications. This research investigates the feasibility of employing such monolithic advanced ceramics for the production of turbine vanes for aerospace applications, by means of a finite element analysis. A parametric study is performed to analyse the influence of the coefficient of thermal expansion, the specific heat, the thermal conductivity, and the Weibull modulus on structural stability, heat transfer properties and thermomechanical stresses under take-off and flying conditions. A nodal point that is evidenced is the high intensity of thermal stresses on the vane, both on steady state and in transient conditions. In order to reduce such stresses various simulations have been carried out varying geometrical parameters such as the wall thickness. Several open questions are evidenced and guidelines are drawn for the design and production of ceramic vanes for gas turbines.

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37

Jaensson, Bernt, and Sven-Erik Larsson. "Control and use of residual stresses in aircraft structural parts." Journal of Aircraft 25, no. 1 (January 1988): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.45540.

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38

Motogi, S., and M. Shibahara. "OS1402 Dependence of Magnetostriction on Biasing Stresses in Structural Materials." Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2008 (2008): _OS1402–1_—_OS1402–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2008._os1402-1_.

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39

Yoshida, Kenji, Akinori Umeno, Shuichi Sakata, and Kazuhiko Hirakawa. "Structural Stability of Ni Quantum Point Contacts under Electrical Stresses." Applied Physics Express 3, no. 4 (March 19, 2010): 045001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/apex.3.045001.

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40

Blelloch, Paul. "Calculation of structural dynamic forces and stresses using mode acceleration." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 12, no. 5 (September 1989): 760–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/3.20475.

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41

Skoblo, T. S., O. I. Sidashenko, O. V. Saichuk, O. Yu Klochko, and D. A. Levkin. "Influence of Stresses on Structural Changes in Gray Cast Iron." Materials Science 56, no. 3 (November 2020): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11003-020-00436-8.

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42

D'Amore, Alberto, Francesco Caputo, Luigi Grassia, and Mauro Zarrelli. "Numerical evaluation of structural relaxation-induced stresses in amorphous polymers." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 37, no. 4 (April 2006): 556–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.05.011.

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43

Amirzadegan, Sadegh, Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi Safavi, and Amir Jafarzade. "Supersonic Panel Flutter Analysis Assuming Effects of Initial Structural Stresses." Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C 100, no. 5 (August 30, 2019): 833–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40032-019-00532-y.

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44

Dong, Pingsha. "On repair weld residual stresses and significance to structural integrity." Welding in the World 62, no. 2 (January 22, 2018): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40194-018-0554-1.

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45

Flewitt, P. E. J. "The impact of secondary and residual stresses on structural integrity." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 85, no. 3 (March 2008): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2007.10.001.

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46

Iker, J., and A. T. Wolf. "Secondary stresses induced by shear movement in structural glazing sealants." Materials and Structures 25, no. 3 (April 1992): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02472426.

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47

Bak-Misiuk, J., K. Orlińska, J. Kaniewski, A. Shalimov, E. Lusakowska, A. Misiuk, J. Muszalski, W. Wierzchowski, K. Wieteska, and W. Graeff. "Structural characterization of InxGa1−xAs/Inp layers under different stresses." Applied Surface Science 253, no. 1 (October 2006): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.05.079.

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48

Dong, P., J. K. Hong, and Z. Cao. "A Robust K Estimation Scheme using Mesh-Insensitive Structural Stresses." Welding in the World 48, no. 5-6 (May 2004): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03266429.

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49

Richard, Hodgkins, and Julian A. Dowdeswell. "Tectonic processes in Svalbard tide-water glacier surges: evidence from structural glaciology." Journal of Glaciology 40, no. 136 (1994): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022143000012430.

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AbstractThe tectonic effects of a glacier surge differ from those of steady state because flow is driven by longitudinal stresses rather than shear stresses. The orientations of recently formed crevasses, indicating the directions of the principal stresses, have been used to investigate tectonic processes in glacier surges recorded by repeat aerial photography. Long-term, large-magnitude shifts in stress regime are demonstrated, as are short-term propagation features. Two types of tide-water glacier advance are identified, depending on the position of the surge front relative to a low effective-pressure zone at the glacier terminus.

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50

Richard, Hodgkins, and Julian A. Dowdeswell. "Tectonic processes in Svalbard tide-water glacier surges: evidence from structural glaciology." Journal of Glaciology 40, no. 136 (1994): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0022143000012430.

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AbstractThe tectonic effects of a glacier surge differ from those of steady state because flow is driven by longitudinal stresses rather than shear stresses. The orientations of recently formed crevasses, indicating the directions of the principal stresses, have been used to investigate tectonic processes in glacier surges recorded by repeat aerial photography. Long-term, large-magnitude shifts in stress regime are demonstrated, as are short-term propagation features. Two types of tide-water glacier advance are identified, depending on the position of the surge front relative to a low effective-pressure zone at the glacier terminus.

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