Journal articles: 'Stress task'

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Rinné, Susanne, Aytug K. Kiper, Constanze Schmidt, Beatriz Ortiz-Bonnin, Simone Zwiener, Guiscard Seebohm, and Niels Decher. "Stress-Kinase Regulation of TASK-1 and TASK-3." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 44, no. 3 (2017): 1024–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000485402.

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Background/Aims: TASK channels belong to the two-pore-domain potassium (K2P) channel family. TASK-1 is discussed to contribute to chronic atrial fibrillation (AFib) and has been together with uncoupling protein 1 found as a marker protein of brown adipose tissue (BAT) fat. In addition, TASK-1 was linked in a genome-wide association study to an increased body mass index. A recent study showed that TASK-1 inhibition is causing obesity in mice by a BAT whitening and that these effects are linked to the mineralocorticoid receptor pathway, albeit the mechanism remained elusive. Therefore, we aimed to probe whether K2P channels are regulated by serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinases (SGKs) which are known to modify many cellular functions by modulating ion channels. Methods: To this end we used functional co-expression studies and chemiluminescence-assays in Xenopus oocytes, together with fluorescence imaging and quantitative PCR experiments. Results: SGKs and proteinkinase B (PKB) induced a strong, dose- and time-dependent current reduction of TASK-1 and TASK-3. SGK co-expression reduced the surface expression of TASK-1/3, leading to a predominant localization of the channels into late endosomes. The down regulation of TASK-3 channels was abrogated by the dynamin inhibitor dynasore, confirming a role of SGKs in TASK-1/3 channel endocytosis. Conclusion: Stress-mediated changes in SGK expression pattern or activation is likely to alter TASK-1/3 expression at the surface membrane. The observed TASK-1 regulation might contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic AFib and provide a mechanistic link between increased mineralocorticoid levels and TASK-1 reduction, both linked to BAT whitening.

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Candra, I. Wayan, I. Nengah Sumirta, and I. Wayan Mustika. "Effect of self-hypnosis therapy with positive self-talk on stress levels of COVID-19 mutual cooperation task force." International journal of health sciences 5, no. 3 (November 9, 2021): 441–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v5n3.1802.

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The COVID-19 pandemic is a psychosocial stressor that everyone experiences, also can cause stress and anxiety. The psychological impact includes stress and anxiety of the COVID-19 transmission on Mutual Cooperation Task Force in daily life activities and in carrying out their duties in Traditional Villages. Several efforts can be made to overcome the stress experienced by the Mutual Cooperation Task Force, including self-hypnosis with positive self-talk. This study aims to determine the effect of self-hypnosis with positive self-talk on reducing the stress level of the COVID-19 response task force in Apit Yeh Traditional Village in 2020. This study is quasi-experimental research using a one-group pre-post test design. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted to analyze the effect of self-hypnosis intervention with positive self-talk on reducing stress levels using paired t-test statistical analysis. There is a significant effect after doing self-hypnosis therapy with positive self-talk on the stress level of the cooperation task force for COVID-19 prevention. Doing self-hypnosis with positive self-talk can significantly reduce the stress levels of the COVID-19 prevention task force.

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Wakabayashi, Naoya, Hiromitsu Shimakawa, and Fumiko Harada. "How to Detect and Classify Stress Using Wearable Sensors to Recommend Task." International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering 9, no. 4 (December 2021): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijeee.9.4.83-92.

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To improve work productivity, this study proposes a method to detect stress, which is classified as positive or negative after the detection. The classification contributes to recommending suitable tasks under every stress condition. The method uses less invasive wearable sensors to acquire biological data. It is checked whether the characteristics of the wearable sensors would affect the biological data. Important variables are also explored to estimate stress. This paper presents the results and discussions to confirm through experiments whether the proposed method can detect and classify stress.

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Xu, Beilei, Wencheng Wu, Lei Lin, Rachel Melnyk, and Ahmed Ghazi. "Task Evoked Pupillary Response for Surgical Task Difficulty Prediction via Multitask Learning." Electronic Imaging 2021, no. 3 (June 18, 2021): 109–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2021.3.mobmu-109.

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In operating rooms, excessive cognitive stress can impede the performance of a surgeon, while low engagement can lead to unavoidable mistakes due to complacency. As a consequence, there is a strong desire in the surgical community to be able to monitor and quantify the cognitive stress of a surgeon while performing surgical procedures. Quantitative cognitive-load-based feedback can also provide valuable insights during surgical training to optimize training efficiency and effectiveness. Various physiological measures have been evaluated for quantifying cognitive stress for different mental challenges. In this paper, we present a study using the cognitive stress measured by the task evoked pupillary response extracted from the time series eye-tracking measurements to predict task difficulties in a virtual reality based robotic surgery training environment. In particular, we proposed a differential-task-difficulty scale, utilized a comprehensive feature extraction approach, and implemented a multitask learning framework and compared the regression accuracy between the conventional single-task-based and three multitask approaches across subjects.

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Helton, William S., and Katharina Näswall. "Short Stress State Questionnaire." European Journal of Psychological Assessment 31, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000200.

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Conscious appraisals of stress, or stress states, are an important aspect of human performance. This article presents evidence supporting the validity and measurement characteristics of a short multidimensional self-report measure of stress state, the Short Stress State Questionnaire (SSSQ; Helton, 2004 ). The SSSQ measures task engagement, distress, and worry. A confirmatory factor analysis of the SSSQ using data pooled from multiple samples suggests the SSSQ does have a three factor structure and post-task changes are not due to changes in factor structure, but to mean level changes (state changes). In addition, the SSSQ demonstrates sensitivity to task stressors in line with hypotheses. Different task conditions elicited unique patterns of stress state on the three factors of the SSSQ in line with prior predictions. The 24-item SSSQ is a valid measure of stress state which may be useful to researchers interested in conscious appraisals of task-related stress.

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Matthews, Gerald, Amanda K. Emo, Gregory Funke, Moshe Zeidner, Richard D. Roberts, Paul T. Costa, and Ralf Schulze. "Emotional intelligence, personality, and task-induced stress." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 12, no. 2 (2006): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1076-898x.12.2.96.

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Pastor, T. P., and J. Hechmer. "ASME Task Group Report on Primary Stress." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 119, no. 1 (February 1, 1997): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842268.

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This paper considers the subject of primary stress as applied in pressure vessel design carried out in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (1992). The paper is the result of discussions held by members of the Task Group on Primary Stress. Specific subjects discussed include methods for calculating primary stresses, the ASME limits on primary stresses and their meaning, use of the Code stress classification table in pressure vessel design, and commentary on the use of state-of-the-art analysis techniques to design pressure vessels and satisfy Code primary stress limits. A modified definition for primary stress is given, and examples for evaluating primary stresses for different geometries is provided.

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Tyson, Paul D. "Task-related stress and EEG alpha biofeedback." Biofeedback and Self-Regulation 12, no. 2 (June 1987): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01000012.

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Matthews, Gerald, and Sian E. Campbell. "Task-Induced Stress and Individual Differences in Coping." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 11 (October 1998): 821–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804201111.

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Coping is an important aspect of operator stress: people use various strategies for dealing with potentially stressful task demands. This paper outlines two studies of a new instrument designed for human factors applications, the Coping Inventory for Task Stress (CITS). Factor analysis of coping items differentiated three aspects of coping specified by stress theory: task-focus, emotion-focus and avoidance. Patterns of coping appear to reflect both task demands and individual differences in perceptions of workload. Relationships between coping and other stress-related variables were investigated in a study of subjects who performed a rapid visual information processing task. Task-focus and avoidance were sensitive to experimentally-manipulated task factors: time pressure and negative feedback. Coping also related to personality factors, as well as to the external pressures of the task. At a practical level, assessment of coping may contribute to understanding of how operators cope effectively or ineffectively with a variety of task-related stressors, leading to a more informed choice of countermeasures for stress.

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Nayeem, Razia V., Tal Oron-Gilad, and P. A. Hancock. "Operators' Time Perception Under Stress." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 4 (October 2007): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705100402.

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Time perception is extremely important to the understanding, design and use of complex military systems. This experiment focused on differences in time estimation, navigation performance, and monitoring tasks. In a between-subjects experiment, participants navigated through a ground scenario while monitoring a screen and listening to white noise at either 55dBA or 85dBA. Performance data was collected throughout the task for both the navigation and monitoring tasks. Participants also completed the NASA-TLX and the DSSQ-S. Statistical analyses showed that the noise condition did not significantly affect workload, monitoring abilities, task completion and time estimates for the dual task. However, the noise did affect subjective state questionnaires. These results suggest that the dual task was not demanding enough and the stress was not adequate to push participants out of the comfort range and experience a performance decrement.

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Ankad, Roopa, and Anita Herur. "Effect of cognitive stress on isometric contraction task." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 6, no. 5 (2016): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2016.6.20160409528042016.

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Ronai, Ze'ev. "Deciphering the mammalian stress response – a stressful task." Oncogene 18, no. 45 (November 1999): 6084–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1203175.

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Morsy, Ahmed. "Clinician App Tackles Stress of Patient Task Management." IEEE Pulse 10, no. 2 (March 2019): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpuls.2019.2899705.

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Irmer, Julien Patrick, Marcel Kern, Karin Schermelleh-Engel, Norbert K. Semmer, and Dieter Zapf. "The Instrument for Stress-Oriented Task Analysis (ISTA)." Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O 63, no. 4 (October 2019): 217–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0932-4089/a000312.

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Abstract. The Instrument for Stress-Oriented Task Analysis (ISTA, Instrument zur stressbezogenen Taetigkeitsanalyse) is a German, action–theory-based instrument to measure stressors and resources in the workplace. In order to examine the psychometric properties of the ISTA variables, we conducted a meta-analysis using the job demands–resources (JD-R) model for construct validation of the instrument. The meta-analysis consisted of a maximum of 58 independent data sets in 51 studies, of which 26 have been published. Based on 565 individual means and standard deviations, 506 reliabilities, and 4,730 correlation coefficients, meta-analytical information was computed. Overall, the instrument showed good psychometric properties: The scale means were close to the theoretical mean of the scales and reliabilities were acceptable to good. The validation hypotheses were examined by analyzing the correlations of ISTA variables (stressors and resources) with psychological strain and well-being. Our hypotheses were largely supported by the data: Stressors were positively related to strain and mostly negatively related to well-being, while resources were mostly positively related to well-being and partly negatively related to strain. Moderation analyses revealed that the two versions of the ISTA, the publication status, the proportion of women, and the industrial sector of the samples had little systematic impact on the means and reliabilities of most ISTA scales as well as on correlations between ISTA scales and of ISTA scales with scales measuring psychological strain and well-being.

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Beste, Christian, Ali Yildiz, Tobias W. Meissner, and Oliver T. Wolf. "Stress improves task processing efficiency in dual-tasks." Behavioural Brain Research 252 (September 2013): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2013.06.013.

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Britt, Thomas W. "The Effects of Identity-Relevance and Task Difficulty on Task Motivation, Stress, and Performance." Motivation and Emotion 29, no. 3 (September 2005): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11031-005-9441-3.

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Cathcart, S., J. Petkov, AH Winefield, K. Lushington, and P. Rolan. "Central mechanisms of stress-induced headache." Cephalalgia 30, no. 3 (August 1, 2009): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2009.01917.x.

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Stress is the most commonly reported trigger of an episode of chronic tension-type headache (CTTH); however, the causal significance has not been experimentally demonstrated to date. Stress may trigger CTTH through hyperalgesic effects on already sensitized pain pathways in CTTH sufferers. This hypothesis could be partially tested by examining pain sensitivity in an experimental model of stress-induced headache in CTTH sufferers. Such examinations have not been reported to date. We measured pericranial muscle tenderness and pain thresholds at the finger, head and shoulder in 23 CTTH sufferers (CTH-S) and 25 healthy control subjects (CNT) exposed to an hour-long stressful mental task, and in 23 CTTH sufferers exposed to an hour-long neutral condition (CTH-N). Headache developed in 91% of CTH-S, 4% of CNT, and 17% of CTH-N subjects. Headache sufferers had increased muscle tenderness and reduced pain thresholds compared with healthy controls. During the task, muscle tenderness increased and pain thresholds decreased in the CTH-S group compared with CTH-N and CNT groups. Pre-task muscle tenderness and reduction in pain threshold during task were predictive of the development and intensity of headache following task. The main findings are that stress induced a headache in CTTH sufferers, and this was associated with pre-task muscle tenderness and stress-induced reduction in pain thresholds. The results support the hypothesis that stress triggers CTTH through hyperalgesic effects on already increased pain sensitivity in CTTH sufferers, reducing the threshold to noxious input from pericranial structures.

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Kim, Yujin, Jihwan Woo, and Minjung Woo. "Effects of Stress and Task Difficulty on Working Memory and Cortical Networking." Perceptual and Motor Skills 124, no. 6 (September 24, 2017): 1194–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512517732851.

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This study investigated interactive effects of stress and task difficulty on working memory and cortico-cortical communication during memory encoding. Thirty-eight adolescent participants (mean age of 15.7 ± 1.5 years) completed easy and hard working memory tasks under low- and high-stress conditions. We analyzed the accuracy and reaction time (RT) of working memory performance and inter- and intrahemispheric electroencephalogram coherences during memory encoding. Working memory accuracy was higher, and RT shorter, in the easy versus the hard task. RT was shorter under the high-stress (TENS) versus low-stress (no-TENS) condition, while there was no difference in memory accuracy between the two stress conditions. For electroencephalogram coherence, we found higher interhemispheric coherence in all bands but only at frontal electrode sites in the easy versus the hard task. On the other hand, intrahemispheric coherence was higher in the left hemisphere in the easy (versus hard task) and higher in the right hemisphere (with one exception) in the hard (versus easy task). Inter- and intracoherences were higher in the low- versus high-stress condition. Significant interactions between task difficulty and stress condition were observed in coherences of the beta frequency band. The difference in coherence between low- and high-stress conditions was greater in the hard compared with the easy task, with lower coherence under the high-stress condition relative to the low-stress condition. Stress seemed to cause a decrease in cortical network communications between memory-relevant cortical areas as task difficulty increased.

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Honbolygó, Ferenc, Andrea Kóbor, and Valéria Csépe. "Cognitive components of foreign word stress processing difficulty in speakers of a native language with non-contrastive stress." International Journal of Bilingualism 23, no. 2 (September 4, 2017): 366–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006917728393.

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Objectives: Stress “deafness” is a difficulty in the detection of stress pattern changes of second language (L2) words. This study investigated the influence of cognitive factors and L2 proficiency on the processing of L2 stress. Methodology: Fifty-four native speakers of Hungarian, a language with non-contrastive stress, participated in the study; the participants were categorized as not speaking German or having a proficiency at the intermediate or advanced level. They had to recall sequences with increasing length consisting of German pseudowords that differed in either their phonemes (phoneme task) or stress patterns (stress task). Cognitive factors measured included working memory, phonological awareness and inhibitory control. Data and Analysis: The accuracy data obtained in the sequence recall task was analysed with generalized linear mixed modelling. Two separate analyses were performed to investigate the presence of stress “deafness” and the effect of cognitive factors. Findings: Results showed that the stress task led to lower performance than the phoneme task, irrespective of L2 proficiency. Furthermore, the analysis showed different cognitive factors contributing to the performance in the tasks: in the phoneme task, it was working memory, phonological awareness and inhibitory control, while in the stress task, it was only working memory and phonological awareness but not the inhibitory control. Originality: This is the first study to provide evidence about the cognitive background of the stress “deafness” effect, and to suggest the differential role of inhibitory control in phoneme and stress processing. Implications: These findings demonstrate the robustness of the stress “deafness” effect in a language with non-contrastive stress, provide evidence of the effect being independent of L2 proficiency and suggest that speakers of languages with non-contrastive stress do not have the necessary cognitive basis to form accurate L2 stress representations.

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Abekura, Hitoshi, Masahiro Tsuboi, Tomohisa Okura, Kazuko Kagawa, Shinsuke Sadamori, and Yasumasa Akagawa. "Association between sleep bruxism and stress sensitivity in an experimental psychological stress task." Biomedical Research 32, no. 6 (2011): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2220/biomedres.32.395.

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Stülb, Kerstin, Nadine Messerli-Bürgy, Tanja H. Kakebeeke, Amar Arhab, Annina E. Zysset, Claudia S. Leeger-Aschmann, Einat A. Schmutz, et al. "Age-Adapted Stress Task in Preschoolers Does not Lead to Uniform Stress Responses." Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 47, no. 4 (September 26, 2018): 571–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-018-0475-x.

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Dang, Thi-Hai-Ha, and Adriana Tapus. "Stress Game: The Role of Motivational Robotic Assistance in Reducing User’s Task Stress." International Journal of Social Robotics 7, no. 2 (October 28, 2014): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12369-014-0256-9.

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Krbcova, Zuzana. "Stress Measures in SOM Learning." MENDEL 24, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.13164/mendel.2018.1.107.

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Various stress measures can be used in generalized version of Sammon’s mapping. Kohonen SOM with iterative or batch learning is a standard tool for data self-organization, too. Our method applies stress functions to pattern relationships in SOM and converts batch learning to discrete optimization task. Due to NP–completeness of SOM learning, optimization heuristics have to be used. Simulated annealing making use of Lévy flights is the recommended heuristics for this task.

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Marincola, Loretta B., and Gerald M. Long. "Perceptual Style and Dual-Task Performance as a Function of Task Difficulty and Task Emphasis." Perceptual and Motor Skills 61, no. 3_suppl (December 1985): 1091–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1985.61.3f.1091.

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Differences in dual-task performance by field-dependent and field-independent college students were investigated. The perceptual styles of the 102 subjects were determined by their performance on the Rod-and-Frame Test. Dual-task performance required the subjects to perform concurrently a central tracking task and a peripheral light-detection task. The effect of stress on dual-task performance was examined by employing three widely differing levels of tracking task difficulty. Three sets of instructions varied the relative importance of the two tasks within the dual-task situation. Both manipulation of task difficulty and instructional set had powerful effects on performance. However, performance differences among subjects with differing perceptual styles were found only on the central tracking task, with field-independent subjects consistently outperforming field-dependent ones. The results are discussed in terms of the theoretical basis for the perceptual style of field-dependence/field-independence as well as the potential value of this dimension in dual-task situations.

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Scerbo, Mark W. "Sources of Stress and Boredom in Vigilance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 10 (October 1998): 764–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804201024.

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Recent studies on vigilance have shown that participants find these tasks to be boring, demanding, and stressful. Although several attempts have been made to isolate the source of workload, stress, and boredom in vigilance, none appears to account for all the results in the literature. In the present paper, a new approach is outlined that brings together research in workload, daydreaming, and boredom. Specifically, it is shown that two aspects of the vigilance experience, the need to focus attention and the inability to quit the task at will, contribute to high levels of boredom. Because the vigilance task itself requires only an occasional response, the boredom forces the observer to seek additional stimulation. Thus, the observer directs attention inward to internally generated stimuli instead of outward to the task at hand. Consequently, stress arises from the need to combat feelings of boredom and to refocus attention on the detection task.

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Pamperin, Kenneth L., and Christopher D. Wickens. "The Effects of Modality and Stress across Task Type on Human Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 5 (September 1987): 514–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100507.

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This investigation integrates four different approaches to the study of attention and multiple task performance, to include the effects of stimulus modality presentation, the influence of spatial separation in visual stimulus presentation, the effects of stress, and the influence of task type (dual-task versus information-integration task), in a spatial vector monitoring task. A significant benefit of cross-modal (visual-auditory) presentation was found when information was integrated at both levels of stress, while an interaction between modality and stress level occurred in the dual task condition, favoring the intra-modal (visual-visual) presentations at the lower stress level. The auditory display tended to be more stress resistant. The results support Kahneman's concept of stress-related resource expansion, provide weak support for perceptual narrowing, and provide little support for a processing modalities dimension of the Multiple Resource Model. Instead, they are consistent with the concept of auditory pre-emption, discussed by Wickens (1987).

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Dornic, Stan, and Viera Dornic. "A High-Load Information-Processing Task for Stress Research." Perceptual and Motor Skills 65, no. 3 (December 1987): 712–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.65.3.712.

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A description is given of a demanding attentional task that requires alternation between naming of colors and transformation of numbers. The task poses high demands on processing capacity and is sensitive to factors that reduce it (such as stress or fatigue). It is short and easy to administer.

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Shimada, Takamasa, Noriko Konno, Noriharu Miyaho, Tadanori Fukami, and Yoichi Saito. "Measurement of Stress Level during Calculation Task with EEG." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 134, no. 10 (2014): 1498–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.134.1498.

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Morris, Drew M., June J. Pilcher, and Robert B. Powell. "Task-dependent cold stress during expeditions in Antarctic environments." International Journal of Circumpolar Health 76, no. 1 (January 2017): 1379306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22423982.2017.1379306.

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Matthews, Gerald. "Multidimensional Profiling of Task Stress States for Human Factors." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 58, no. 6 (July 10, 2016): 801–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720816653688.

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Burns, Victoria E., Kate M. Edwards, Christopher Ring, Mark Drayson, and Douglas Carroll. "Complement Cascade Activation After an Acute Psychological Stress Task." Psychosomatic Medicine 70, no. 4 (May 2008): 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/psy.0b013e31816ded22.

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Herrero, Susana García, Miguel Ángel Mariscal Saldaña, Javier García Rodriguez, and Dale O. Ritzel. "Influence of task demands on occupational stress: Gender differences." Journal of Safety Research 43, no. 5-6 (December 2012): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2012.10.005.

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Villada, Carolina, Vanesa Hidalgo, Mercedes Almela, and Alicia Salvador. "Assessing Performance on an Evaluated Speaking Task." Journal of Psychophysiology 32, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000185.

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Abstract. Coping with social stress involves cognitive perceptions and the activation of several physiological mechanisms. Our main purpose was to examine how psychological factors such as cognitive appraisal, and particularly self-efficacy, may affect psychophysiological reactivity to social stress and young people’s performance on an evaluated speaking task. Thirty-five university students (18 men and 17 women) were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and a control condition in a counterbalanced order. Self-efficacy, several dimensions of trait anxiety related to social evaluation, and changes in state anxiety were assessed. Additionally, heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were analyzed by means of R-R and r-MSSD parameters, respectively. The results indicate that a positive self-assessment of their own ability to overcome a social threat was related to the predominance of vagal tone and better performance. However, cardiac reactivity was not related to the quality of the performance displayed. In addition, some dimensions of trait anxiety, such as cognitive anxiety and test evaluation anxiety, were negatively associated with self-efficacy and performance. These findings emphasize the relevance of self-efficacy, a key component of cognitive appraisal, in explaining psychophysiological reactivity to social stress. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of some personality characteristics, such as social evaluation anxiety, in explaining performance in specifically related stressful situations, regardless of autonomic activation.

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Zeier, Hans. "Psychophysiological stress research." Interpreting. International Journal of Research and Practice in Interpreting 2, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1997): 231–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/intp.2.1-2.09zei.

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This paper gives an overview of physiological stress responses and shows methods for measuring such responses in field studies. It discusses the available techniques for assessing endocrinological and immune functions, cardiovascular functions, physical activity, electrodermal activity, muscle activity, respiration, and, the size of the eye pupil. Furthermore, methods for collecting psychological data are depicted. As examples for psychophysiological stress research under natural conditions, a showmaster's heart rate responses during a TV show are reported, as well as psychophysiological effects of work demands in air traffic controllers and in simultaneous interpreting. The latter example shows that mental overload in simultaneous interpreting may change the attitude to the job: It is taken less seriously and a certain carelessness sets in. This might be an effective self-defense mechanism against mental overload caused by situations such as increased time on task, extremely fast speakers, unintelligible speakers, and long working hours. It seems to occur rather automatically, without being noticed by the performing interpreter. Especially with increased time on task, interpreters' own judgement of output quality, whether they are novices or experts, seems to become extremely unreliable.

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Kerous, Bojan, Richard Barteček, Robert Roman, Petr Sojka, Ondřej Bečev, and Fotis Liarokapis. "Examination of electrodermal and cardio-vascular reactivity in virtual reality through a combined stress induction protocol." Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 11, no. 12 (March 9, 2020): 6033–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12652-020-01858-7.

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AbstractIn this study, task-related stress induction through Stroop task and social stress induction protocol based on elements of Trier Social Stress Test are examined. The aim of the paper is to find the optimal combination of social and task-related stress to be used to consistently and reliably induce a stressful reaction. In total 16 healthy subjects participated in this study that seeks to find and compare the different stressors and their relation to physiological reactivity. Our findings show that electrodermal activity measurements are suitable when using a combination of stressors while heart rate and Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences highlight a greater reactivity to task-stress.

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Zajenkowski, Marcin, Rafał Styła, and Małgorzata Jędrasik-Styła. "Task related stress and cognitive control in patients with schizophrenia." Psychiatria Polska 49 (2015): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12740/pp/29056.

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Goldfarb, Elizabeth V., Monja I. Froböse, Roshan Cools, and Elizabeth A. Phelps. "Stress and Cognitive Flexibility: Cortisol Increases Are Associated with Enhanced Updating but Impaired Switching." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 29, no. 1 (January 2017): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01029.

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Acute stress has frequently been shown to impair cognitive flexibility. Most studies have examined the effect of stress on cognitive flexibility by measuring how stress changes performance in paradigms that require participants to switch between different task demands. These processes typically implicate pFC function, a region known to be impaired by stress. However, cognitive flexibility is a multifaceted construct. Another dimension of flexibility, updating to incorporate relevant information, involves the dorsal striatum. Function in this region has been shown to be enhanced by stress. Using a within-subject design, we tested whether updating flexibility in a DMS task would be enhanced by an acute stress manipulation (cold pressor task). Participants' cortisol response to stress positively correlated with a relative increase in accuracy on updating flexibility (compared with trials with no working memory interference). In contrast, in line with earlier studies, cortisol responses correlated with worse performance when switching between trials with different task demands. These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in cortisol are associated with both increases and decreases in cognitive flexibility, depending on task demands.

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Hancock, Peter A., Wayne C. Harris, and Scot C. Harris. "Information Processing Changes following Extended Stress." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 45, no. 13 (October 2001): 901–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120104501301.

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Extended periods of stress are associated with subjective fatigue and performance deterioration. Psychological state and cognitive performance were assessed before and after one week of field training at a Navy Survival, Evasion, Resistance and Escape School. Subjective discomfort increased, but average cognitive performance deterioration was limited to increased Simple Reaction Time. Considering that decrements in complex performance are commonly associated with fatigue, the stability or improvement of the more complex cognitive tasks was unexpected. Given that increasing effort is required to maintain performance as time-on-task increases, performance changes within pre and post-training trials were compared. While performance was stable or improved in the pre-training session, complex task performance deteriorated during post-training trials. The results are consistent with the hypotheses that fatigued individuals maintain complex cognitive task performance by exerting increased effort, but that increasing effort becomes increasingly difficult even during brief assessments.

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Chamine, Irina, and Barry S. Oken. "Expectancy of Stress-Reducing Aromatherapy Effect and Performance on a Stress-Sensitive Cognitive Task." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/419812.

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Objective. Stress-reducing therapies help maintain cognitive performance during stress. Aromatherapy is popular for stress reduction, but its effectiveness and mechanism are unclear. This study examined stress-reducing effects of aromatherapy on cognitive function using the go/no-go (GNG) task performance and event related potentials (ERP) components sensitive to stress. The study also assessed the importance of expectancy in aromatherapy actions.Methods. 81 adults were randomized to 3 aroma groups (active experimental, detectable, and undetectable placebo) and 2 prime subgroups (prime suggesting stress-reducing aroma effects or no-prime). GNG performance, ERPs, subjective expected aroma effects, and stress ratings were assessed at baseline and poststress.Results. No specific aroma effects on stress or cognition were observed. However, regardless of experienced aroma, people receiving a prime displayed faster poststress median reaction times than those receiving no prime. A significant interaction for N200 amplitude indicated divergent ERP patterns between baseline and poststress for go and no-go stimuli depending on the prime subgroup. Furthermore, trends for beneficial prime effects were shown on poststress no-go N200/P300 latencies and N200 amplitude.Conclusion. While there were no aroma-specific effects on stress or cognition, these results highlight the role of expectancy for poststress response inhibition and attention.

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Tolba, Amr, Zafer Al-Makhadmeh, and Azza Hussein. "Montreal Imaging Stress Task Based Human Stress and Strain Analysis Using Image Processing Techniques." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 8, no. 4 (May 1, 2018): 775–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2018.2349.

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Diener, Slawomira J., Michèle Wessa, Stephanie Ridder, Simone Lang, Martin Diers, Regina Steil, and Herta Flor. "Enhanced stress analgesia to a cognitively demanding task in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder." Journal of Affective Disorders 136, no. 3 (February 2012): 1247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.013.

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Matthews, Gerald, and Shona Falconer. "Personality, Coping and Task-Induced Stress in Customer Service Personnel." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 46, no. 12 (September 2002): 963–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120204601206.

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This study investigated predictors of stress responses in customer service personnel working for a major telecommunications company. 91 participants performed a simulation of their work task. They were presented with telephone inquiries, and tested for their knowledge of the correct response. Several findings of a previous study (Matthews & Falconer, 2000) were replicated. Performing the task appeared to be intrinsically stressful, as evidenced by a large magnitude increase in subjective distress. Individual differences in stress state were related to strategy for coping with task demands. The ‘Big Five’ personality traits were compared with measures of dispositional coping style as predictors of subjective stress state. Coping measures added significantly to the variance in stress state explained by the Big Five. Emotion-focused strategies such as self-criticism appeared to be especially damaging in the customer service context. Coping measures might be used by organizations to select operators likely to be resistant to task-induced stress.

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Childs, Emma, Anya K. Bershad, and Harriet de Wit. "Effects of d-amphetamine upon psychosocial stress responses." Journal of Psychopharmacology 30, no. 7 (May 27, 2016): 608–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881116650388.

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Psychostimulant drugs alter the salience of stimuli in both laboratory animals and humans. In animals, stimulants increase rates of responding to conditioned incentive stimuli, and in humans, amphetamine increases positive ratings of emotional images. However, the effects of stimulants on real-life emotional events have not been studied in humans. In this study, we examined the effect of d-amphetamine on responses to acute psychosocial stress using a public speaking task. Healthy volunteers ( N=56) participated in two experimental sessions, one with a psychosocial stressor (the Trier Social Stress Test) and one with a non-stressful control task. They were randomly assigned to receive d-amphetamine (5 mg n=18, 10 mg n=20) or placebo ( n=18) on both sessions under double blind conditions. Salivary cortisol, subjective mood, and vital signs were measured at regular intervals during the session. Subjects also provided cognitive appraisals of the tasks before and after their performances. Amphetamine produced its expected mood and physiological effects, and the Trier Social Stress Test produced its expected effects on cortisol and mood. Although neither dose of amphetamine altered cardiovascular or hormonal responses to stress, amphetamine (10 mg) increased participants’ pre-task appraisals of how challenging the task would be, and it increased post-task ratings of self-efficacy. Paradoxically, it also increased ratings of how stressful the task was, and prolonged aversive emotional responses. These findings suggest that amphetamine differentially affects stress response components: it may increase participants’ appraisals of self-efficacy without dampening the direct emotional or physiological responses to the stress.

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McKimmie, Blake M., Tamara Butler, Edward Chan, Allira Rogers, and Nerina L. Jimmieson. "Reducing stress: Social support and group identification." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 23, no. 2 (January 30, 2019): 241–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430218818733.

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Three studies systematically explored the relationship between social support and group identification in the context of how individuals cope with stress. In Study 1, 101 participants took part in a simulated group task where they either received social support or not under conditions of either high or low demand. Social support was associated with higher group identification, and this mediated the effect of social support on more positive appraisals and task satisfaction. In Study 2, 83 participants were either made aware of their group membership or worked as individuals on a group task under high or low demand. In this study, group membership salience was associated with greater perceived support, which was associated with greater group identification, and subsequently more positive primary and secondary appraisals, more problem-focused coping, and task satisfaction. Study 3 assessed the perceived social support and group identification reported by 71 volleyball team members before and after a game. Results were more consistent with the notion that support and identification were two concurrent perceptions associated with being in a group, rather than identification priming the recognition of support or support increasing identification.

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Neigel, Alexis R., Victoria L. Claypoole, Daryn A. Dever, Nicholas W. Fraulini, Gabriella M. Hancock, and James L. Szalma. "Sex Differences in the Stress and Workload of Lexical Vigilance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 752–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621171.

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Lexical vigilance requires sustained attention to lexical, verbal, and semantic information over a prolonged period of time. The perceived stress and workload that typically accompany the performance of these tasks remains relatively unknown. Thus, in the present study 213 observers were assigned to either a standard lexical vigilance task or a ‘lure’ vigilance task, which required additional decision-making criteria. The results were analyzed for sex differences between the conditions and across multiple measures of perceived stress and workload. These analyses indicated that women and men perceive the stress and workload associated with lexical vigilance tasks differently. More specifically, women reported greater post-task distress and more temporal demand associated with the task than men. Interestingly, men reported the task being more physically demanding than women. The implications of these results are discussed further.

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Matthews, Gerald. "Individual Differences in Driver Stress and Performance." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 12 (October 1996): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604001205.

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80 subjects high and low in vulnerability to driver stress participated in a study of simulated driving performance. Subjects completed the Driving Behaviour Inventory, which assesses vulnerability through a Dislike of Driving scale. Half the subjects performed in a ‘stress’ condition, in which they frequently lost control of vehicle steering, the remainder in a non-stressful control condition. Two performance measures were analyzed: response time (RT) on a secondary attentional task, and a measure of lateral tracking. The stress manipulation was more strongly related to longer RTs in high Dislike of Driving subjects than in low Dislike subjects. However, slowing of response was more pronounced on straight than on curved road sections, i.e. when the driving task is relatively undemanding. This finding suggests that stress-related impairment is not simply due to overload of attention. Instead, the stress-vulnerable driver may have difficulties in matching effort to task demands, with under-mobilisation of effort when the task appears relatively easy. Lateral tracking data were also consistent with this hypothesis. Self-report data suggested that the manipulation was generally effective in inducing subjective stress symptoms. However, high Dislike subjects tended to react to the manipulation with particularly high levels of intrusive thoughts and ‘cognitive interference’.

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Sanajou, Nasrin, Leila Zohali, and Fateme Zabihi. "Do Task Complexity Demands Influence the Learners’ Perception of Task Difficulty?" International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 6, no. 6 (September 1, 2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.6n.6p.71.

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This study investigates the effects of cognitive task complexity on EFL learners’ perception of task difficulty. Learners’ perception of task difficulty is measured by a five-item task difficulty questionnaire (as in Robinson, 2001a). The participants were 76 intermediate learners which were divided into two groups. One group performed a simple task (single task) and the other group performed a complex task (dual task). Having performed the tasks, the participants completed the task difficulty questionnaire. In order to see how the participants evaluated task difficulty, their ratings for each question of the questionnaire in the simple and complex tasks was compared using Mann-Whitney U. The results indicate that the complex task significantly affected learners’ perception of task difficulty in three items of difficulty, stress and interest. The results of task difficulty studies can help language educators in designing and employing more effective language teaching materials.

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Evans, Gary W., Staffan Hygge, and Monika Bullinger. "Chronic Noise and Psychological Stress." Psychological Science 6, no. 6 (November 1995): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1995.tb00522.x.

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This article illustrates the value of incorporating psychological principles into the environmental sciences Psychophysiological, cognitive, motivational, and affective indices of stress were monitored among elementary school children chronically exposed to aircraft noise We demonstrate for the first time that chronic noise exposure is associated with elevated neuroendocrine and cardiovascular measures, muted cardiovascular reactivity to a task presented under acute noise, deficits in a standardized reading test administered under quiet conditions, poorer long-term memory, and diminished quality of life on a standardized index Children in high-noise areas also showed evidence of poor persistence on challenging tasks and habituation to auditory distraction on a signal-to-noise task They reported considerable annoyance with community noise levels, as measured utilizing a calibration procedure that adjusts for individual differences in rating criteria for annoyance judgments

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Sabo, Róbert, and Jakub Rajčáni. "Designing the Database of Speech Under Stress." Journal of Linguistics/Jazykovedný casopis 68, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jazcas-2017-0042.

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AbstractThis study describes the methodology used for designing a database of speech under real stress. Based on limits of existing stress databases, we used a communication task via a computer game to collect speech data. To validate the presence of stress, known psychophysiological indicators such as heart rate and electrodermal activity, as well as subjective self-assessment were used. This paper presents the data from first 5 speakers (3 men, 2 women) who participated in initial tests of the proposed design. In 4 out of 5 speakers increases in fundamental frequency and intensity of speech were registered. Similarly, in 4 out of 5 speakers heart rate was significantly increased during the task, when compared with reference measurement from before the task. These first results show that proposed design might be appropriate for building a speech under stress database. However, there are still considerations that need to be addressed.

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Klein, Kitty. "Life Stress and Performance Impairment: The Role of Off-Task Thinking." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 13 (October 1995): 873–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503901304.

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In previous research (Baradell & Klein, 1993; Klein & Barnes, 1994) self-focused attention has moderated the relationship of life stress and verbal problem solving. Stressed individuals highly aware of internal bodily changes made the most errors and used the least effective strategies. How life stress affects information processing on such tasks has not been investigated. In theories (e. g. Humphreys & Revelle, 1984; Eysenck, 1992) that relate personality variables to cognitive processes, off-task thinking is presumed to mediate the relationship between individual differences and performance. In the present study, 35 students who varied in life stress and self-focus solved complex verbal analogies. The results indicated that high levels of stress and self-focus were related to off-task thinking and that off-task thinking was negatively related to performance. However, regression analyses did not support a mediating role for off-task thinking. Rather, off-task thinking may result from poor performance, rather than vice-versa as is assumed in current models.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Stress task'

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