Dissertations / Theses: 'Stress task'

1

Bruce, Kurt. "The effects of biofeedback on task performance." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Texas, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-46). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Wellons, Stefanie C., and David A. Ph D. Washburn. "Task-Demand Effects on Self-reported Stress State." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_hontheses/9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Schmaltz, Kathleen Marie. "Stress and Work-Task Satisfaction: School Counselors' Perspective." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28713.

Full text

Abstract:

The study?s first purpose was to give school counselors a ?voice? regarding their perceived stress. The second purpose was to investigate the relationship between school counselors? work satisfaction across 12 counselor-related activities and perceived stress as measured by the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). A question about stressors and the variables of gender, age, prior teaching experience, years of experience as a school counselor, school setting, and caseload added definition to the study. This research attempted a census of all North Dakota?s school counselors who had practiced for the last 30 days prior to completing the survey. Initially, participants self-administered and self-selected the survey mode via a URL, QR code, or hyperlink; later, a paper option was offered. When asked about their stressors, 64.6% (n = 204) of the school counselors reported that their greatest stressors in the last 30 days were work-related. The PSS-10 average score was 13.55 on a scale of 0-32, indicating a low-moderate level of stress. As the years of prior teaching experience and experience as a school counselor increased, the perceived stress decreased. No relationship was found between the school counselors? practice setting or caseload and their perceived stress. Overall, as school counselors? work satisfaction decreased, school counselors? perceived stress increased. This relationship was statistically significant for all twelve of the appropriate school counselor activities, but the strength of the relationships varied from a Spearman?s Rho of -.16 for classroom guidance to -.41 for individual academic advising. School counselors who were required to perform ASCA-defined inappropriate activities had a statistically significant, higher perceived stress score than school counselors who were not required to perform those activities. The results, limitations of this study, and recommendations for future research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

White, Lynn H. "Task-specific effects of glucose and stress on memory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ44628.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Perez, Roland Art. "Dispositional Optimism Effects on Stress and Police Task Performance." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5770.

Full text

Abstract:

The study of stress on police task performance is important as this relationship can positively or negatively impact encounters with the public. This study focused on protective factors of positive psychology within the measured construct of dispositional optimism as a possible mediator of stress effects on physical task performance. The cognitive processing models used were the performance efficiency theory and attentional control theory as they apply in perceptual motor skill. Using a mediation model, the research question asked whether dispositional optimism mediated the relationship between stress and a pistol performance accuracy task. This study used a limited data set collected by a law enforcement training center (N = 80). The survey instruments used to measure stress and dispositional optimism were the Perceived Stress Scale and the Life Orientation Test - Revised, respectively. Correlation and multiple regression were used to analyze the significance of the mediation model. Ultimately, the results were unable to detect significance between dispositional optimism (p > .05) and stress (p > .05) on pistol accuracy outcomes. However, a significant relationship was found between dispositional optimism and stress (p < .05). Future research recommendations include an intervention protocol with several levels of pistol shooting difficulty and biological stress measurements. Implications for social change include further understanding of how to better manage stress for increased accuracy in pistol performance tasks along with increased mental processing and increased positive outcomes. Overall, better education and training for the officer will contribute to more positive encounters with the public.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Guznov, Svyatoslav. "Teamwork in a RoboFlag Synthetic Task Environment." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1236031728.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Ungar, Nathaniel R. "Demand Transition, Tracking Accuracy, and Stress: Resource-Depletion and -Allocation Models." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1132255782.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Cincinnati, 2005.
Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Sept. 6, 2007). Includes abstract. Keywords: dual-task; dual task; transition; transitions; demand transition; demand transitions; workload; mental workload; workload transition; workload transitions; task difficulty; tracking; tracking task; vigilance; compensatory tracking; performance; human performance; tracking performance; resource depletion; resource-depletion; mental resources; resource capacity; effort; effort-regulation; effort regulation; stress; transition stress; resource allocation; resource-allocation; human factors. Includes bibliographical references.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Karim, Reza Ul. "The Effect of Stress on Task Capacity and Situational Awareness." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26480.

Full text

Abstract:

In today?s industry, many occupations require manpower resources to include both labor and cognitive resources. As the technology is rapidly changing and businesses are becoming more dependent on cognitive performance, it is essential to find any effect physical stress might have on task performance. Situational awareness is also becoming an integral part of human task performance. It is critical for many operations to design systems such that the effects of physical stress, however minute, on task performance and situational awareness are considered. The test methodology developed here measures the effect of stress on cognitive task performance as a result of situational awareness related to the task. The test measured and compared task capacity among different age groups and different working groups. A comparison was made on task performance based on the effects of low level physical stress and lack of it. Response time and accuracy were measured for statistical analysis. The subject?s stress levels were measured before starting the test to create a baseline for the candidates stress level. The developed tool was able to detect the effect of stress on task performance successfully and efficiently. Subjects with previous work experience performed better both in Phase I and Phase II of the experiment as compared to subjects with no previous work experience. The analysis indicates low level stress does have significant effects on task performance. In reality, stress is an unavoidable factor in daily activities. When designing any system that requires cognitive tasks, stress needs to be considered as a contributing factor to the variability of operation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

UNGAR, NATHANIEL ROSS. "Effects of Transitions in Task-Demand on Vigilance Performance and Stress." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1216417657.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Cobun, Emily R. "Nonword Repetition Task to Evaluate Syllable Stress as a Motor Class." Thesis, West Virginia University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10272855.

Full text

Abstract:

Current speech therapy methods and theories are based on generalized motor program (GMP) theory (Schmidt, 1975). GMP theory states a single GMP, or motor program, directs multiple movements of speech (Maas et al., 2008). Additionally, GMP theory asserts these similar muscle movements are part of the same motor class, which allows a GMP to direct performance on novel, untrained patterns of movements (i.e., what is termed “transfer performance”; Chamberlin & Magill, 1992; Schmidt, 1975). Alternatively, movements outside of a learned motor class will be more difficult to perform because a different GMP is controlling these movements. Currently, syllable stress patterns are theorized as the GMP when planning motor speech tasks. This study aims to help clarify the method through which motor speech movements are learned.

Meigh et al. (in press) conducted a study to learn more about speech motor planning. This study found that syllable stress, which was the expected GMP for speech production, did not direct transfer performance on untrained stimuli following training on a speech-like task. Instead, participants encoded speech sound (i.e., phoneme) information during training that influenced transfer results. In Meigh’s study, participants were trained using a speech production task but the testing procedure was not speech-based. Meigh’s results and interpretation may have been impacted by the study design because of the “mismatch” between modes of training and testing in this study. Therefore, the current study replicated and extended Meigh’s experiment using a speech-based training and transfer task.

Twenty-four participants (16 females and 3 males) produced nonsense words (i.e., nonwords) using a motor learning design, which included mass amounts of training followed by an evaluation of performance on untrained stimuli. During training, participants produced different syllable stress patterns while repeating a training list of nonwords. Following training, participants repeated a list of both trained and untrained nonwords that varied in similarity to the trained stimuli. All untrained stimuli varied by motor class (i.e., syllable stress pattern), as well as the phonemes (or sounds). Accuracy of nonword productions were evaluated across transfer stimuli sets, and results revealed participants had learned syllable stress and phoneme information during training. These results align with a GMP theory and Meigh (in press) suggesting that more than one GMP memory representation may be encoded during motor learning.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Trich, Kremer Jennifer D. "Preference for Alcohol as a Coping Mechanism in a Task-Induced Stress Situation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1276530313.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

McInroe, Jennifer. "The effect of stressors on the self-efficacy-task performance relationship." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1232660257.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

McGuigan, Brian. "The Effects of Stress and Executive Functions on Decision Making in an Executive Parallel Task." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124398.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute stress on parallel task performance with the Game of Dice Task (GDT) to measure decision making and the Stroop test. Two previous studies have found that the combination of stress and a parallel task with the GDT and an executive functions task preserved performance on the GDT for a stress group compared to a control group. The purpose of this study was to create and use a new parallel task with the GDT and the stroop test to elucidate more information about the executive function contributions from the stroop test and to ensure that this parallel task preserves performance on the GDT for the stress group. Sixteen participants (Mean Age: 26.88) were randomly assigned to either a stress group with the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) or the control group with the placebo-TSST. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were given before and after the TSST or placebo-TSST and were used as stress indicators. The results showed a trend towards the stress group performing marginally better than the control group on the GDT but not significantly. There were no significant differences between the groups for accuracy on the Stroop test trial types. However, the stress group had significantly slower mean response times on the congruent trial type of the Stroop test, p < .05, though. This study has shown further evidence that stress and a parallel task together preserve performance on the GDT.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Nayeem, Razia. "INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF TACTILE STRESS ON A MILITARY TOUNIQUET APPLICATION TASK." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3314.

Full text

Abstract:

In combat, soldiers encounter stress from multiple sources including loss of sleep, extremely high levels of physical and psychological discomfort, extended periods of increased vigilance, and intense danger. Therefore, it is imperative to train such personnel on how to cope with these stressors. One way to do this is to include stressors in different forms of training to acclimate soldiers to the subsequent stress of combat. Due to their advantages, tactile trainers are being investigated increasingly for the use of training Army medics in this context. The present work examines how vibrating tactile sensors, or tactors, can be used as surrogate sources of stress on an operator performing a simulated medical task. This work also examines how this "optimal" configuration interacts with other types of stress, such as noise and time pressure. The outcome findings support the hypotheses that configurations placed on sensitive body areas are more stressful than those placed on more benign body locations in terms of worse task performance on a tourniquet application task. In terms of application times, the same trends persist in terms of proper application, subjective stress and subjective workload, as well as a secondary monitoring task, in terms of response times, accuracy, and time estimation. Additionally, findings supported hypotheses that the stress responses experienced order tactile stress alone is compounded when other types of stress are employed, both on the primary and secondary tasks. These results have implications for training, such that if stressors are employed in training, performance decrements might be lessened during actual task performance; they can be generalized to not only combat medics, but other military specialties and civilian jobs that incur vibration, auditory stress, and time pressure while engaged in performance.
Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Funke, Matthew E. "Neuroergonomic and Stress Dynamics Associated with Spatial Uncertainty During Vigilance Task Performance." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1313773072.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Abbott, Donna Christine. "First-Time Parenthood: Attachment, Family Variables, Emotional Reactions, and Task Responsibilities as Predictors Of Stress." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331019/.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to explore factors which are predictive of parenting stress for first-time parents. Based on attachment theory and empirical research, the factors investigated were the responsibility for child care and housework, the current and retrospective relationship with the family of origin, the change in emotions related to parenthood, the marital relationship, and attachment and individuation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Helmick-Rich, Jessica. "WARNING COMPLIANCE: EFFECTS OF STRESS AND WORKING MEMORY." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4019.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effects of cross-modality warning presentation and retention in a dual-task paradigm in a simulated military environment under various task-induced stress levels. It was also intended to determine what role working memory played in the mode of warning presentation that resulted in the highest retention and subsequent compliance. An all within participant design was created in order to determine if scores on working memory span tasks predicted performance across the varying forms of warning presentation. Furthermore, task-induced stress levels were varied over the course of the experiment to identify if workload transitions affected performance. Results revealed that when the presentation format and the response format matched (e.g., verbal-verbal), behavioral compliance was greater then when presentation and response format were mismatched (e.g., verbal-pictorial). Thus, it is not necessarily the presentation type that affects compliance, but the combination of presentation and response mode. Analysis also revealed that the pictorial-pictorial warning combination resulted in greater behavioral compliance compared to verbal-verbal or written-written combinations. The format of warning presentation did not affect performance on the operational tasks as predicted. Thus, the visual/spatial operational task, regardless of its complexity was not interrupted in timesharing with intra-modal warning presentations or cross-modal time-sharing. As predicted, task based stress affected the WCCOM task in all experimental procedures. Results further revealed that as task demand increased, performance on the WCCOM task decreased. Task demand did affect the operational tasks, the shooting and the navigation tasks. The shooting task, which was less complex than the navigation task was not affected by lower levels of task demand, but at the greatest level of demand (eight warnings) performance in the operational task, degraded. Degradations in performance on the more complex task, the navigation task, materialized at a moderate level of task demand (four warnings). For subjective ratings, task demand did affect workload ratings. As the task demand increased, the subjective workload ratings also increased, revealing a true association between workload and subjective ratings. The working memory separability hypothesis was supported by the working memory span tasks, but consequently they were not predictive of the warning presentation format.
Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Arts and Sciences
Psychology

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Gruber, Kerry Ann. "The relationship between psychosocial resources, stress, and task completion in elite military training." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/224.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.
Thesis research directed by: Kinesiology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Buharin, Vasiliy E. "Task dependent effects of baroreceptor unloading on motor cortical and corticospinal pathways." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52923.

Full text

Abstract:

Corticospinal and intracortical excitability are excitability measures of the central nervous system responsible for motor generation, and are studied for their contribution to fine motor skill execution and learning. Since the need for proper execution of fine motor skills is ever-present and necessary for everyday life, identification of physiological pathways that may disrupt or enhance corticospinal and intracortical excitability is an important research topic. This thesis investigates the effects of baroreceptor unloading on corticospinal and intracortical excitability during various motor tasks. Baroreceptor unloading is a physiological response to common hemodynamic stress (e.g. hypovolemia and orthostasis). The motor tasks investigated are complete muscular relaxation, individual isometric low-force contraction of a muscle, and an isometric co-contraction of a muscle in a joint-stabilizing task. The effects of baroreceptor unloading on corticospinal and intracortical excitability appear to be very task specific. The results are discussed in view of available pharmacological and physiological research, and potential neural pathways for the observed effects are suggested. The overall conclusion is that baroreceptor unloading increases corticospinal excitability and decreases intracortical inhibition in a resting muscle, does not produce any observable effects during individual muscle activity, and decreases corticospinal excitability during joint-stabilizing co-contraction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Suh, Sooyeon. "STRESS, ANXIETY, AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275495558.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Ramsey, Alex Taylor. "FITTING PERSON-ENVIRONMENT FIT WITHIN A DEMAND-CONTROL FRAMEWORK: INVESTIGATING THE INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF ACTUAL AND DESIRED CONTROL ON TASK PERFORMANCE AND STRESS." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/385.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of the current studies was to determine whether "matches", or fit, between actual task control and participants' desire for control over their environment lead to better stress and task performance outcomes than "mismatches", or misfit, in high work demand environments only. These studies also investigated the mediating effects of cognitive stressor appraisals and stress, as well as the moderating influence of hardiness on threat appraisals. Data were collected on 366 undergraduate students, who were asked to complete individual difference measures and engage in timed performance tasks. Results indicated no significant interactions between actual task control and desire for control for the outcomes of cognitive stressor appraisals, experienced stress, or task performance. No mediating influence was found for cognitive appraisals or stress, nor was there a buffering effect of hardiness on the cognitive appraisal process. Despite the non-significant results, the effects on task performance trended in the predicted direction in both studies, such that the highest task performance was found in cases of match between actual task control and desire for control, whereas the lowest task performance was found in cases of mismatch. These findings yield some support for Person-Environment Fit theory, demonstrating that actual task control and desire for control should be considered together when predicting task performance in workplace contexts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Olofsson, Emmie. "Are Children to Divorced Parents Worse at Managing Stress? Task-Switching Performance and Induced Stress for Adult Children of Marriage and Divorce." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184811.

Full text

Abstract:

Prior research shows that adult children of divorce (ACD) exhibit higher levels of perceived stress than adult children of marriage (ACM), and thus, potentially lower tolerance to stress. The comparison of ACD/ACM in Sweden has not been sufficiently studied. Hence, the present study aims to examine stress management among ACD and ACM, in terms of cognitive performance under different levels of induced stress, and how it correlates to self-ratings of stress. The final sample consisted of 101 adult participants (39 ACD and 62 ACM), and the mean age was 28 years old (41 males and 60 females). The result showed no difference in stress management between ACD and ACM, and their cognitive performance was not positively correlated with self-ratings of stress. However, ACD had a faster response time (RT) in all tests, even though this difference was not significant. At this time, ACD and ACM experience equally high levels of stress, as the Covid-19 pandemic might have influenced the outcome. Future research should collect more data of ACD in Sweden of other measurements of stress.
Tidigare forskning visar att vuxna skilsmässobarn (ACD) uppvisar högre nivåer av upplevd stress än vuxna med gifta föräldrar (ACM), och skulle därför potentiellt ha lägre stresstolerans. Jämförelsen mellan ACD/ACM i Sverige har inte blivit tillräckligt studerad. Därför har denna studie som mål att undersöka stresshantering bland ACD/ACM, i form av kognitiv prestanda under olika nivåer av inducerad stress, och hur det korrelerar till självskattningar av stress. Det slutgiltiga deltagarurvalet bestod av 101 myndiga deltagare (39 ACD och 62 ACM), varav medelåldern var 28 år, (41 män och 60 kvinnor). Resultatet visar att det inte var några signifikanta skillnader i stresshantering mellan ACD och ACM, och var inte positivt korreleradtill självskattningar av stress. Men, ACD hade en snabbare responstid (RT) i samtliga tester trots att resultatet inte var signifikant. Just nu, upplever ACD och ACM lika höga nivåer av stress, då Covid-19 pandemin kan ha influerat resultatet. Framtida forskning borde samla in mer data kring ACD i Sverige från andra mätningar av stress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Zaturenskaya, Mariya. "The Role of Mindfulness in Cardiovascular Recovery from Stress." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1563462730045067.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Guznov, Svyatoslav. "Visual Search Training Techniques in a UAV Task Environment: Pilots’ Performance, Workload, and Stress." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1313494957.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Shoda, Elizabeth Ann. "Impact of Binaural Beat Technology on Vigilance Task Performance, Psychological Stress and Mental Workload." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1374240120.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Mizon, Guy Andrew. "Is expressive flexibility related to recovery from a stressful task?" Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3874.

Full text

Abstract:

Habitual suppression of emotions has been linked to adverse consequences such as avoidant attachment, lower social support, and reduced relationship closeness (e.g. John & Gross, 2004). However, accumulating evidence that expression and suppression can be both adaptive and maladaptive in different contexts suggests the importance of flexibility in emotional regulation. The present study examined the mechanisms underlying the only laboratory measure of emotional flexibility: the Expressive Flexibility (EF) task (Bonanno, Papa, Lalande, Westphal, & Coifman, 2004). This measure has been linked to adjustment over a one-year period, especially in the context of social threat, and among people who have experienced higher levels of life stress (Westphal, Seivert & Bonanno, 2010). We sought to test whether EF is related to physiological recovery from stress in the immediate term. Participants completed questionnaire measures, the EF Task and a stressful public speaking task. In the EF task, participants were filmed suppressing, exaggerating, and not altering facial reactions to negative and positive pictures. A “balanced EF” score was calculated reflecting their ability to suppress and exaggerate with equal success. Regression analyses used EF scores as predictors for psychophysiological indices of stress (SCR and HR) during and after the public-speaking task. The interaction of EF and social safeness (SSPS) was predictive of the magnitude of SCR recovery, such that for people with lower EF, higher SSPS is predictive of greater SCR recovery. These results converge with previous findings on the suggestion that EF is related to resilience, especially in the context of adversity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Breighner, Emily Sara. "A Phase 2 Task Analysis Study of the Process-Experiential Narrative Trauma Retelling Task in a Clinical Sample." Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1228229964.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Whited, Matthew C. "Sex differences in cardiovascular reactivity influence of the gender relevance of a social task /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5239.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 80 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 40-44).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Brady, Kristine L. "The effects of masculine gender role stress appraisal and gender relevance of the task on stress arousal in a competitive situation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44844.

Full text

Abstract:

In our society, gender role stereotypes define the areas in which men are thought to excel. Recent research has focused on the male gender role and how it effects the psychological and physical health of men. Maintaining an acceptable level of masculinity may be deleterious to men's physical and/or psychological health. Success in competition is a broad dimension of the male role which has repeatedly been shown to be of great importance to men. Men who are strongly committed to the stereotypical masculine role can be differentiated from men who are not committed to the masculine role by the Masculine Gender Role Stress (MGRS) rating scale (Eisler' Skidmore, 1987). The MGRS scale was developed based on the Lazarus , Folkman (1984) transactional model of stress, appraisal and coping. Men that score high on the MGRS scale are likely to identify more with the stereotypical, masculine role and are likely to appraise competitive situations as .ore stressful than low MGRS .en. Likewise, high MGRS men are more likely to feel more threatened when outperformed by a female than low MGRS men. Furthermore, high MGRS .en should appraise masculine-relevant situations as more challenging to than low MGRS men. High and low MGRS men were placed in a competitive situation against a female in which the gender relevance (masculine or feminine) of the competitive stressor was varied. Those in the Basculine relevant (RR) condition were lead to believe that men outperformed women on the competitive task while men in the feminine relevant (FR) condition were told that women outperformed men on the task. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of MGRS appraisal and the gender relevance of the competitive stressor on men's cardiovascular, emotional and cognitive responding throughout the process of a competition. This study examined the physiological and self-report responding of the following 4 groups: 1) High MGRS men in a MR relevant situation, 2) High MGRS men in a FR situation, 3) Low MGRS men in a MR situation and 4) Low MGRS men in a FR situation. These 4 groups were compared on physiological (systolic blood pressure, SBP; diastolic blood pressure, DBP; and heart rate, HR) and self-report measures of stress and anger. Subjects also rated their opponent before and after the competition on a measure of masculinity and fem
Master of Science

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Brady, Kristine L. "The effects of masculine gender role stress appraisal and gender relevance of the task on stress arousal in a competitive situation /." This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040243/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Holt, Melissa P. "Dispositional Mindfulness and Cardiovascular Functioning Under Stress: Predictions of Social Evaluative Stress Reactivity and Recovery." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2764.

Full text

Abstract:

Mindfulness – a receptive attentiveness to present experience – has been shown to promote more adaptive emotion regulation (Brown et al. 2008). Additionally, dispositional mindfulness has been shown to predict reduced cortisol response to social stressors (Brown et al, in press) and mindfulness training has been shown to promote more adaptive cardiac functioning at rest (Ditto et al., 2006; Tang et al., 2009; Telles et al., 2005; Zeidan et al., 2010) and in response to social stressors (Kemeny et al., 2012). To better understand the regulatory potential of a mindful disposition on cardiovascular functioning in healthy adult participants (N = 63), the study examined the role of dispositional mindfulness in predicting cardiovascular responses to a laboratory social evaluative threat called the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST; Kirschbaum, et al., 1993). Repeated measures multilevel linear modeling tested main effects of a mindful disposition on a variety of cardiovascular outcomes as well as interactive effects between mindfulness and time on these outcomes. Results showed that mindfulness predicted increased heart rate variability (HRV) across the time span, from baseline to recovery. There were also interactions between mindfulness and time on several dependent variables. Specifically, higher mindfulness predicted decreased heart rate reactivity during the TSST, faster recovery in total HRV, as well as reduced rebound effects during the initial recovery phase for high frequency HRV, low frequency HRV, and the LF/HF ratio. These results, however, were not significant above and beyond the significant relations between rumination, depressive symptoms, and trait anxiety and cardiovascular function. The results lend support to the stress-related regulatory potential of mindfulness, and suggest that this quality of attention may enhance cardiovascular functioning under stress. Further research is needed to examine how mindfulness may buffer the role of such vulnerability factors as rumination, depressive symptoms, and anxiety in predicting stress-related cardiovascular responses to social stress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Panganiban, April Rose. "Task load and evaluative stress in a multiple UAV control simulation: The protective effect of executive functioning ability." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1378215257.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Rodopman, Ozgun Burcu. "Proactive personality, stress and voluntary work behaviors." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001857.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Rowland, Jared A. "The Effect of Frontal Lobe Stress on Gambling Task Performance: Implications for Understanding Addictive Behavior." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39177.

Full text

Abstract:

Substance-abusing individuals have been shown to perform poorer on decision-making tasks than non-substance abusing individuals (e.g. Bechara et al., 2001; Grant, Contoreggi, & London, 2000; Sanfey, Loewenstein, McClure, & Cohen, 2006). Research suggests that this difference in performance is likely due to cognitive deficits resulting from impaired functioning of the frontal lobes. Previous research suggests that two important cognitive processes regarding decision making are reversal learning (e.g. Fellows and Farah, 2005) and working memory (e.g. Hinson, Jameson, and Whitney, 2002; Jameson, Hinson, and Whitney, 2004). The purpose of the current research project was to better understand how these processes affect performance on a decision making task and to determine if a previously administered executive stressor can impact current decision making performance. One hundred thirty six individuals categorized as having either high or low working memory functioning were randomly assigned to complete one of three modified Stroop tasks (Stressor, Priming, and Control). Following completion of the modified Stroop task participants completed the Iowa Gambling Task, which is a task requiring appropriate decision making skills to complete successfully. Statistical analyses examining the quantity and frequency of cards drawn from each deck during the IGT suggested that there was no difference in performance between individuals receiving different modified Stroop tasks or high or low working memory functioning. Analyses examining the monetary outcome of performance on the IGT suggest that there may have been no differential effect between the Stressor and Priming groups, but that these active groups may have performed differently than the Control group. Within the Low working memory block, participants in these active groups may have performed worse than Control group participants, but within the High working memory block participants in these active groups may have performed better than Control group participants. These findings are discussed with regards to previous similar investigations as well as within the broader literature of decision making. Limitations of the current study as well as implications for future investigations are also discussed.
Ph. D.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Yang, Xiao. "Differentiation between the Effects of Physical and Psychosocial Stress on a Feedback-based Learning Task." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/86595.

Full text

Abstract:

Feedback-based learning is a process in which decisions are made based on the previous feedback. This learning process is influenced by acute stress. However, different laboratory stressors elicit different physiological response patterns, which may influence feedback processing differently. Moreover, individual differences in stress reactivity may be associated with reward sensitivity. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of psychosocial and physical stress on feedback-based learning. The relationship between stress reactivity and reward sensitivity was also examined. Ninety-two college-aged subjects were assigned into the mental arithmetic (MA) task or the cold pressor task (CPT) group. All subjects performed a feedback-based learning task prior to and after the stressor. Cardiovascular reactions, stress experiences, and learning outcomes were recorded during tasks. Trait differences in behavioral inhibition and activation (BIS/BAS) were also measured. Results indicated different patterns of cardiovascular reactions to the MA and CPT. Learning outcomes were differentially influenced by the MA and CPT. Moreover, subjective stress scores were negatively correlated with the learning rate in the pre-stress learning task. Additionally, BAS Drive subscale score was related to the processing of positive feedback. The results suggested that physical and psychosocial stress influence learning through distinct neural mechanisms and psychological processes. Motivational processes underlie the relationship between stress reactivity and reward sensitivity. This study extended research on stress and learning, and the findings have applied implications in various areas.
Ph. D.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

LANGHEIM, LISA KAY. "THE EFFECTS OF TASK-INDUCED STRESS ON CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY, CORTISOL, AND SUBJECTIVE STATE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1163699901.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Napper, Vicki S. "The Job Task Model as a Means for Understanding Computer Usage in the Work Place." DigitalCommons@USU, 1997. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4672.

Full text

Abstract:

A qualitative study of a workplace was conducted through the use of interviews and observation of ten participants working in hardware and software engineering. The study arose from a lack of information on computer usage in workplace settings and a lack of identified functional needs for skills-based training. There were three primary guiding questions and areas of findings in this study: l.Does the job task model define the areas of computer literacy for the individual worker? The job task model proved to be an effective method for analyzing tasks, tools, and the environment for usage of computer technologies in specialized professions. 2.Does the type of job task influence the functional needs for computer usage in the areas of training, hardware and software usage, application of individual anthropometric data, and workstation design? The job tasks did not influence how the participants were trained in the use of computers. The primary method of learning to use computer hardware and software was through self-instruction. However, the type of job task did influence the type of hardware and software needed to perform a task. Professional employees needed to know how to use both general and specific types of hardware and software. The job task affected the ergonomic arrangement of work areas, but the participants generally lacked training in how to identify and correct risk factors that may lead to computer-related injury.3.What are the stress factors in this workplace setting? Do the stress factors influence computer-related injury rates in this workplace and if so, how can those types of injuries be reduced? The stress factors identified in this setting included job demand factors, psychosocial factors, and ergonomic factors. Although these types of stress factors have been associated with computer-related injury through research, none of the participants reported injury associated with computer usage. It was also found that the participants did not consider musculoskeletal disorders to be injuries but rather illnesses. Implications of the study suggest that the job task model provides a balanced approach to the design of instructional materials. Further, by allowing one category of the job task model to be dominant in the instructional content also appears to weaken the overall instructional validity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Sullivan, Erin. "Assessment of Hot and Cool Executive Functioning Following Trauma Using the Traditional Stroop Task, Emotional Stroop Task, and a Novel Implicit Association Test." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822731/.

Full text

Abstract:

Individuals who have experienced a traumatic event and develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) frequently show deficits in both primarily “cool” and “hot” cognitive executive functions (e.g., traditional & emotional Stroop tasks, respectively) that can be impacted by high affective salience. Given the dimensional nature of psychopathology, questions remain about individuals within the general population who have experienced trauma but do not meet full criteria for PTSD and yet may manifest problems in these areas, especially areas of hot and cool executive functioning (EF). Thus, the current project was designed to assess hot and cool EF in a relatively large sample of individuals from the general population who have experienced trauma and currently demonstrate sub-clinical levels of post-traumatic symptoms. The Stroop task, Emotional Stroop task, and a novel modified Implicit Association Test were utilized to assess EF across a spectrum of individuals with varying traumatic histories and level of post-traumatic symptoms. Results suggest that a greater frequency of trauma experiences was moderately associated with worse performance on both hot and cool executive functioning measures. Specifically, females within the sample evidenced a close relationship between traumatic experiences, post-trauma symptoms, and executive functioning. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Burke, Kelly Ann. "FRIEND/FOE IDENTIFICATION ACCURACY AND SHOOTING PERFORMANCE: EFFECTS OF PRIOR TASK LOADING AND TIME PRESSURE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3154.

Full text

Abstract:

The current dismounted soldier and the soldier of the future will be loaded' with more information processing tasks while they perform shooting tasks. It is conceivable that some increased level of cognitive tasking may be performed simultaneously with required shooting tasks. The effect of cognitive load on shooting performance has been previously examined (Scribner and Harper, 2001). This study concentrated on the effect of various cognitive workload demands on a friend-foe discrimination shooting task in a single- and dual-task scenario. In light of this, it is imperative that the soldier not be overburdened mentally, which may result in decreased survivability and lethality. Specifically, this study was designed to examine the ability of the soldier to perform friend-foe target discrimination and shooting accuracy, with varying target exposure times, friendly target signatures, and varying cognitive load demands (working memory recall task). Using the Small Arms Simulator Testbed (SAST) we examined the effects of manipulations of working memory load and sustained information transfer, on shooting performance (as measured by target acquisition and friend/foe discrimination indices). Additionally, we investigated subjective measures of workload and stress. A secondary task, administered aurally, was given to subjects to attend to while they performed shooting (friend/foe discrimination task) scenarios: working memory recall task. Each type of task consisted of three levels of difficulty. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for the memory recall task during shooting and non-shooting conditions. Furthermore, results showed that workload increased as a function of task demand, with associated decreases in shooting performance.
Ph.D.
Department of Psychology
Sciences
Psychology PhD

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Lee, Jillian April. "Gender differences in psychopathology examined under an expanded transactional theory of stress framework." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2590.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

White, Kristi E. "Adiposity, Stress, and Stigmatization: A Biopsychosocial Approach to Cardiovascular Disease Prediction." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/81.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of the present study was to use a biopsychosocial approach to investigate the role of body image concerns and appearance-related evaluation stress in the relationship between adiposity and cardiovascular reactivity and recovery. Participants included 106 Caucasian female undergraduates at the University of South Florida. The laboratory procedure consisted of resting baseline, speech preparation and delivery, and recovery phases. Participants also completed a variety of body image questionnaires. To manipulate appearance-related evaluation stress, participants were randomly assigned to present their speech to a video camera or an audio recorder. Overall adiposity was measured as body mass index (BMI) and central adiposity was measured as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Greater adiposity was associated with more weight-related anxiety during the speech task, regardless of speech condition (BMI: r = .54, p < .001; WHR: r = .44, p < .001). Additionally, those in the video condition reported more weight-related anxiety (M = 9.28, SD = 7.74) during the speech task than those in the audio condition (M = 3.31, SD < 5.61; F(1,99) = 19.73, p < .001). Significant relationships between adiposity and CVR and recovery emerged for several outcome measures with central and overall adiposity predicting different CVR patterns (all ps < .05). There was no main effect of speech condition on CVR or recovery (all ps > .05). Significant interactions between adiposity and speech condition emerged for some of the outcome variables as well (all ps < .05). Additionally, body image concerns mediated the relationship between adiposity, speech condition, and CVR for SV and CO reactivity. The results suggest that adiposity may have a robust effect on physiological reactivity and recovery independent of psychological processes that co-occur. The results also suggest that those with high adiposity experience more weight-related anxiety during evaluation, even when the evaluation is not intended to induce body image concerns. Finally, the results suggest that body image concerns may act to suppress reactivity among those with high levels of weight-related anxiety. Implications and future directions for research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Zhou, Peilin. "The effect of social support on job satisfaction at the varying levels of job stress and task structure." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/466.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Vasudevan, Devnath. "DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE TRAINING METHODS TO LEARN A LAPAROSCOPIC CAMERA NAVIGATION TASK UNDER STRESSFUL ENVIRONMENTS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2676.

Full text

Abstract:

Stress in surgical environment is generally very high and can result in performance degradation increasing patient risk .Current Training systems for learning minimally invasive surgical skills do not consider the component of stress in their training model. In this study the focus was on developing alternative training models that would allow the learner to effectively perform minimally invasive skill under stress. Two alternate training methods: 1) Training under stress until high performance levels and 2) training until high performance and low cognitive load are achieved were considered for this study. The control group consisted of training under no stress and until high performance levels are achieved. Stressful environments for this study were simulated using physiologic stressors. The effectiveness of the training was evaluated by a comparative analysis of the different performance measures across the groups. We determined that training until automation as the most effective method to perform effectively under stress.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Sherman, Pattie B. "Trauma-Based Priming and Attentional Bias to Smoking Cues: A Stroop Task Study." Scholar Commons, 2007. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3806.

Full text

Abstract:

Past research has highlighted the importance of better understanding the high rate of smoking among individuals exposed to trauma. However, few studies have investigated the cognitive mechanisms that may contribute to the smoking-trauma relationship. The primary goal of the present study was to examine the associative relationship between smoking and trauma at a cognitive level, by examining the extent to which trauma-relevant pictures primed attentional biases to smoking-related words on a modified Stroop task. Eighty trauma-exposed smokers (classified as having low, medium, or high levels of post trauma symptomatology) ink-named smoking-related and neutral words after being primed with trauma-related, positive, or neutral picture cues. Although participants did not display an overall significant difference in reaction time between smoking words and neutral words, we found a significant prime x word type interaction, with slower reaction time to smoking words after being primed by trauma-related pictures. In addition, we found a significant 3-way interaction between symptom severity level, prime category, and target type. Further analyses revealed that the prime x word type interaction was significant only among individuals with the lowest and highest levels of PTSD symptomatology. A secondary aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking-related variables and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms on a dimensional range. We found that participants who were more severely impaired at the time of the study were more likely to report strong cravings to smoke. Overall, findings suggest that smokers who have experienced trauma exhibit an attentional bias to smoking words when primed with trauma-related picture, and that post-trauma symptoms are related to smoking motivation. Implications for treatment are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Williamson, John Bonar. "Differential Efficts of Hostility on Frontal Lobe Performance: A dual task approach with Fluency and Cardiovascular Regulation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9779.

Full text

Abstract:

The influence of levels of hostility on the lateralized tasks of verbal and nonverbal fluency, and the concurrent cerebral regulation of autonomic nervous system functioning was examined. Forty-eight right-handed males were recruited for participation with half classified as low-hostile and the other half as high-hostile. Previous research has shown that high-hostile males, at rest, have greater right hemisphere arousal relative to low-hostile males. It was predicted that this heightened, at rest, arousal would lead to reduced capacity to perform right hemisphere lateralized proximal tasks simultaneously. Two commonly used neuropsychological tests sensitive to left and right anterior cerebral systems are the Controlled Oral Word Association Test and the Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFFT) respectively. Nonverbal fluency, verbal fluency, and perseverative errors were assessed using these measures. Cardiovascular measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate were assessed using oscillometric technique with a digital blood pressure meter. A dual-task methodology was used to evaluate these anterior and posterior cerebral systems simultaneously. Since cardiovascular regulation and nonverbal fluency are both right-frontal tasks, it was predicted that high hostile men would evidence increased interference on cardiovascular regulation concurrent with the nonverbal fluency task in comparison with low hostile men. It was also predicted that high-hostile males would display more perseverative errors than low- hostile males on the nonverbal fluency task as a function of regulatory interference. The results supported a capacity-limited prediction in high-hostile males. High-hostile males evidenced significantly heightened systolic blood pressure responses during the nonverbal fluency task in comparison with low hostile males. Further, high-hostile males displayed more perseverative errors in nonverbal fluency than did the low-hostile males. No differences were found in the overall fluency scores (verbal or nonverbal). These results partially support the expectation that differences exist between high and low hostile males for right frontal functioning. Moreover, these differences manifest in multiple domains of associated right frontal functioning. These findings extend the evidence for the proposed anterior-posterior inhibition model of hostility.
Master of Science

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Cox, Michelle, and shelleyjcox@hotmail com. "Attentional bias effects following trauma exposure comparison of emotional Stroop and emotional lexical decision task paradigms." Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20051130.132059.

Full text

Abstract:

Attentional bias effects for threat and emotional words were investigated, using both the emotional Stroop and emotional lexical decision paradigms. Twenty-eight controls and twenty-eight survivors of sexual assault participated in this study, which comprised three key comparisons. First, key predictions of the threat and emotionality hypotheses were compared, in particular specific and general threat effects, and positive and negative emotionality effects. Second, two separate group comparisons were conducted, specifically controls versus survivors of sexual assault overall, and a matched subset of controls versus PTSD positive survivors of sexual assault versus PTSD negative survivors of sexual assault. Third, performance on the emotional Stroop task and emotional lexical decision task paradigms were compared directly. Slowed colour naming responses (i.e. interference) were observed for both threat effects and emotionality effects in the emotional Stroop task. For the emotional lexical decision task, slowed lexical decisions (i.e. interference) were observed for threat effects, whereas speeded lexical decisions (i.e. facilitation) were observed for emotionality effects. The findings of the current study indicate that threat and emotionality effects may co-exist in both control and survivor populations. The relationship between the presence or absence of PTSD symptoms and threat and emotionality effects requires further investigation with larger sample sizes. There may be a relationship between the presence of PTSD symptoms and specific threat effects, however the findings of the current study for general threat information were inconclusive. No relationship was evident between the presence of absence of PTSD symptoms and positive or negative emotionality effects. The current findings suggest that the emotional Stroop task may be better suited to quantifying threat effects but not emotionality effects, whereas the emotional lexical decision task appears to be able to quantify both threat and emotionality effects.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Yuenyongchaiwat, Kornanong. "Do haemodynamic responses to mental stress tests predict future blood pressure one year later? : prospective studies in the United Kingdom and Thailand." Thesis, University of Derby, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10545/301912.

Full text

Abstract:

This thesis explored whether haemodynamic responses to psychological stress test predict future blood pressure (BP) levels: the Reactivity Hypothesis. The research included a systematic review and two prospective cohort studies in the UK and Thai samples. In addition, the Blunted Reactivity Hypothesis, which posits that cardiovascular reactivity is inversely related to symptoms of anxiety and depression, was examined in cross-sectional analyses. A systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression with 41 prospective cohort studies (from 1950 to 2012) examined whether cardiovascular responses to psychological stress tests predict future BP levels, hypertension status, preclinical coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiac events. Three possible moderators were included in analyses: type of task (active versus passive coping), age group (children versus adults), and duration of follow-up (short versus long-term follow-up). The review found that systolic BP reactions to psychological stress tests predict future systolic BP levels and that there was better prediction in child samples with shorter follow-up periods. Similarly, diastolic BP reactions to psychological stress predicted future diastolic BP levels. Cardiovascular reactions to psychological stress tests did not predict hypertension, preclinical CHD, or cardiac events. Cross-sectional analysis of two studies conducted in the UK and Thailand provided some evidence that anxiety and depressive symptoms were negatively associated with cardiovascular reactivity: these findings supported the Blunted Cardiovascular Hypothesis. However, these relationships were observed in the UK sample, but not in the Thai sample. Further, Thai participants responded to psychological stress task with large cardiovascular reactions, of a similar magnitude to the UK participants and observed in previous studies of Europeans and North Americans. Finally, prospective analyses revealed that systolic BP responses to mental arithmetic predict future systolic BP levels after one year of follow-up in both UK and Thai individuals, after controlling for baseline cardiovascular activity and traditional risk factors. In contrast, haemodynamic responses did not predict future BP. These results provide support for the “Reactivity Hypothesis” although the effect sizes were relatively small. However, responses to only one of the three stressors, mental arithmetic, predicted future BP implicating beta-adrenergically mediated cardiovascular responses. However, there was no physiologic evidence (i.e., cardiac output responses) that suggested beta-adrenergic mechanisms. Accordingly, future studies should examine alternate mechanisms (e.g., platelet aggregation and endothelial function) and cardiovascular responses in larger samples with a longer follow-up to further clarify the predictive value of reactivity in the development of hypertension, along with potential mechanisms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Colantoni, Luca. "Studio sperimentale di condizioni di stress mentale attraverso misure di EEG e di frequenza cardiaca." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16329/.

Full text

Abstract:

Scopo dell’elaborato è di valutare condizioni di stress in soggetti sani durante task mentali, attraverso la misura quantitativa di modificazioni degli spettri di potenza di segnali fisiologici. In particolare, sono stati utilizzati il segnale elettroencefalografico (EEG) e il segnale di Heart Rate Variability (HRV) estratto dall’elettrocardiogramma (ECG). È stata confrontata la potenza in banda alpha dell’EEG (8-14 Hz) e il rapporto LF/HF (Low Frequency/High Frequency) dell’HRV in 10 soggetti durante una fase di rilassamento e durante un task matematico. Al fine di discriminare le diverse componenti (mentali, visive, motorie) sono stati confrontati i risultati ottenuti utilizzando quattro differenti set sperimentali (task mentale con movimento del dito, task mentale senza movimento del dito, task di sola lettura e task di solo movimento del dito). I risultati evidenziano una diminuzione del ritmo alpha (nelle derivazioni occipitali dell'EEG) e un aumento del rapporto LF/HF (nello spettro di variabilità cardiaca). Tali variazioni sono soprattutto significative nel task completo, confrontate con la fase iniziale di relax, e risultano meno evidenti nel task di solo movimento del dito o di sola lettura. I risultati confermano quindi come gli indici proposti possano essere utilizzati per valutare il grado di stress, soprattutto indotto da coinvolgimento mentale e da attenzione visiva.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Athanassiou, Georgios [Verfasser]. "Mariners’ Adaptive Performance under Stress : Individual Visual Performance and Team Safety Performance as Indicators of Adaptive Responses to Task-Integral Cognitive and Affective Workload during a Complex Ship Management Task / Georgios Athanassiou." Kassel : Kassel University Press, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1119923905/34.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Heath, Amanda J. "Emotional working memory training, work demands, stress and anxiety in cognitive performance and decision-making under uncertainty." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi (PSY), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-75011.

Full text

Abstract:

The study seeks to bring together literature on decision-making, the effects of work-related demands and stress, and individual differences in trait anxiety on near and far transfer effects of emotional working memory training (eWM). A sample of 31 students and working participants underwent emotional working memory training through an adaptive dual n-back method or a placebo face match training task for 14 days. Pre- and post-training measures were taken of a near transfer task, digit span, medium transfer measure of executive control, emotional Stroop, and a far transfer task of decision-making under uncertainty, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). In line with previous studies, eWM was expected to show gains in transfer task performance between pre- and post-training, and, especially for those scoring high on trait anxiety and workplace measures of stress demands (taken from COPSOQ), for whom there is more scope for improvement in emotional regulation. Gains in emotional Stroop specifically were further expected to show support for the effects of eWM training on emotional well-being in addition to decision-making. Results fell short of replicating previous work on transfer gains, though interference effects in Stroop did lessen in the eWM training group. Relationships between work demands, anxiety, stress and performance in the training itself, reinforce previous research showing that work stress and anxiety lead to cognitive failures, highlighting the importance of intervention studies in the organizational field, but they were not linked to benefits of the training. Resource and methodological limitations of the current study are considered, especially those involved in conducting pre-post designs and cognitive testing online.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stress task'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles