Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stress lié au travail – Patients'
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Bibalou, Euloge. "Approche clinique et systémique de la dynamique relationnelle dans la prise en charge de la maladie d'Alzheimer." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0028.
Alzheimer's dementia is currently incurable neurodegenerative disorder, its support remains a public health problem at international level. It has over 32 million people worldwide and approximately 1000. 000 cases in France. Caring for people with this disorder are physically and psychologically stressful for caregivers and family caregivers. The question of stress, burnout and their corollaries is acute insofar as the consequences of dependence on the Alzheimer patient caregivers and caregivers are multiple, including: insomnia, anxiety, social isolation, irritability, tiredness, nervous breakdown, musculoskeletal diseases, tension within the teams, family crises, the desire for euthanasia, investment, anticipatory grief, etc. The intersection approaches: systemic, psychological and psychoanalytic was necessary for this study. The clinical interviews undirected and the award of scales of Burn-out and the Zarit Burden performed with 23 caregivers and 14 primary caregivers have the opportunity to identify and verify the potential existence of some exhaustion for our two peoples. The thematic analysis of interviews and performance scales were used to assess the magnitude of the burden on caregivers in their home caregivers and those within EHPAD
Vinot, Alan. "Le stress du professionnel en EHPAD au regard de l’influence de la satisfaction des résidents et des familles : étude quantitative et qualitative au sein de 26 EHPAD." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0252.
The link between a resident’s well-being, his families’ and that of the person working in the institution is often taken for granted. Without mentioning a cause to effect relationship in one or the other direction we can question both the connection and its validity. Indeed, we could wonder whether a nursing home that would evaluate part of its institutional efficiency using as a criterion the satisfaction of its residents would obtain comparable results with all its employees. Does dealing with residents satisfied with the institutional services offered – or by extension being successful in external evaluation – necessarily entail a sense of well-being at work and conversely? One might be tempted to answer these questions but it would be difficult to combine all the answers into one federated reply, the subjectivity related to notions of efficiency and stress being so considerable. With the advent of the notion of quality in nursing homes for elderly dependants, the very notion of satisfaction – be it shown via surveys or more simply expressed – is more and more present. After having given a definition of the body of concepts specific to health care and social welfare and in particular the policies having an impact on the day-to-day practice of employees, but also after having given a definition of the concepts specific to management, this research articulates itself in three phases. The first phase concentrates on a survey of residents and their families’ satisfaction in three nursing homes for elderly dependants in Moselle. The objective is to analyse the perception that residents and their families might have of the nursing home in general and of its employees. The second phase aims at analysing in the same three institutions the stress-related problems of the employees in order to expose – in connexion with the theories – variable factors related to stress. At the end of the first two phases, a tool called “measuring the quality of life at work in nursing homes for elderly dependants” is suggested and tested. The third phase takes place in partnership with the National Agency for Support to Performance which, thanks to its support, enables us to generalise the study to 26 other nursing homes for elderly dependants spread all over France. The objective of this last phase – in continuity with the two previous phases – is the evaluation of the scope and the measuring of variable factors related to stress. Through a large panel of employees and nursing homes, this last phase answers the question concerning more specifically – and as far as employees of nursing homes for elderly dependants are concerned – the analysis of stress linked to variables such as the residents and their families. This methodological and scientific approach rests on theories related to management and adapted to the context of health care and social welfare
Bègue, Cyril. "Prise en charge des problématiques de santé au travail par le médecin généraliste." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Angers, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ANGE0045.
General practitioners are frequently confronted with patients presenting occupational health problems. The aim of this thesis was to explore this type of care by documenting practices, to help improving practices by designing an educational resource, and to help producing contextualised data by proposing a research protocol. The study confirmed that GPs frequently prescribe sick leave. The prescription rate varied according to gender, age, socioprofessional category and length of consultation. The frequency of use of two return to work tools (pre-return-to-work medical consultation and therapeutic part-time work) and the frequency of contact with the occupational physician were satisfactory, although not optimal. A book chapter was written to document the role of the general practitioner in dealing with these problems, while also providing a training resource. Finally, a protocol was proposed for a complex intervention designed to improve the management of psychological suffering at work, based on 4 axes : training of GPs, rapid referral to the occupational physician, prescription and extension of sick leave and close follow-up
Enes, Bergé Anelice. "Le stress dans les professions à risque : constatation des sources et des conséquences psychosociales les plus importantes du stress dans ces métiers." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL038.
Bergugnat-Janot, Laurence. "Stress individuel des enseignants d'école primaire et médiation collective." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21053.
Numerous surveys have found evidence that the education field is going through a difficult period. Since the sixties multiple explanations and analysis are investigated in the world about stress problem. Specific stressors, coping strategies and adjustment criteria are measured. We side with the analysis of Debarbieux (1999) about the issue of no team spirit and a lack of coherence as risk factors for all those who work in a school. Using transactional approach (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) we attempt to show how individual teachers stress is linked to collective action as social support. We visited 16 primary schools and observed 70 teachers in their classroom then in an interview. We find using a model between psychology (stress theory) and sociology (action theory) that 50% of our population is stressed that is teachers don't control any much their environment (Perceived stress scale, Cohen & Williamson, 1988). Coping strategies are rational action (Weber), self reflection (Giddens), subjectivity (Touraine) and occupational habit (Bourdieu). They are more or less efficient in job solitude , but we found on the other hand that collective action and social support are still unusual, or even absent, sometimes even stress predictor. We purpose therefore for the future healthier schools with occupational working relations to serve a cooperative and united team spirit
Moisson, Virginie. "Quand les deséquilibres occasionnent le stress : les conséquences individuelles et organisationnelles." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX32088.
Pezet, Valérie. "Le stress au travail : des déclarations à l'observation des comportements (le syndrome de Burnout chez les travailleurs sociaux)." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100037.
This research is about mental health (or psychological well-being) at work. The cognitive approach of stress, formulated by lazarus and folkman (1984), and the numerous studies it has generated, has set up the scientific reference framework. The burnout - syndrome of reaction to stress in helping professions - is more specially discussed. The model of burnout, proposed by maslach and jackson (1981), define the phenomena through the three following components : feelings of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization of the relations with the "recipients" or "clients", and feeling of reduced personal accomplishment at work. Regarding present discussions about the relevance of this model, and the concept of burnout itself, (garden, 1987; shirom, 1989;. . . ), the aim of this research is to verify if, according to the three-dimensional model of burnout, a relation exists between the burnout perceived and self-reported by subjects, and their behaviors in interaction with theirs "clients". Sixteen social workers, carrying on their profession under judicial mandate, have been observed sytematically, during 75 interviews with families in trouble. Correlations between observed data and the subjective state of burnout, perceived and self-reportel, show a link between the emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout and directing behaviors. But, on the contrary, the other behavioral variables collected are not linked to perceived burnout. The results from this research emphasize on the complexe relations between subjective state of stress (or burnout), self-reported by the individuals, and their behaviors at work, systematically observed by a third person. At the end of this research, according to its limits and the questions that it lets in suspense, new persectives of work are proposed
Grima, François. "Ambiguite et conflit de role au travail : proposition d'un modele explicatif synthetique (analyse des tensions de roles, de leurs consequences et des strategies d'ajustement aupres des responsables de la formation professionnelle en entreprise)." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EVRY0022.
Yvon, Frédéric. "Stress et psychopathologie du travail : La fonction psychologique du collectif." Paris, CNAM, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CNAM0424.
This research focuses on the psychological function of the collective of work in front of professionnal stress process. It uses a methodological frame called crosses self-confrontation, which let the worker to describe his activity in face of a researcher, then a colleague. These dialogues proves the existence of an over-adressee, wich we call the transpersonnal dimension of work activity. This research is led next to agents of commercial service of the railway french company. This work aims at improving an approach of the collective in purpose to develop the interventions, theories of stress and psychopathology of work one another
Rascle, Nicole. "Le stress de la mobilité professionnelle : rôle de diverses caractéristiques personnelles et contextuelles dans l'ajustement au stress de la mutation professionnelle." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR2A001.
Roques, Olivier. "Les réactions des salariés aux transitions de carrière : une approche en termes de stress au travail." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32018.
This research explains the reactions of individuals during a career transition using an analysis in terms of stress at work. The research model involves variables in the field of career management and stress. Seven hypothesis explain the influence of the magnitude of the transition on strain indicators and make clear the moderator role of some variables. The methodology is based on on a quantitative study (144 teachers and 116 regular soldiers) then on a qualitative study (19 interviews with teachers and 12 with regular soldiers). The main result of the quantitative study shows the link between the magnitude of a career transition and strain indicators. On the one hand, control of career transition, length of service, feeling of being in the "performance" career stage, or social support minimise the effect of the magnitude of career transition on some indicators of strain. On the other hand, for people who think they are in the withdrawal career stage the effect of the magnitude of career transition on some indicators of strain is greater. Some other results complete an understanding of these relations. The qualitative study explain in further detail the role of the person's control over career transition and the role of social support. Our results show the role of cognitive appraisals and career contracts. The caracteristics of the transition influence coping strategies, control and social support. The lack of time increases the effects of the magnitude of the transition. The limits are due to the size of the samples and to the specificity of populations that do not meet the criteria of external validity. Further researchs can try to remedy these limits or to go deeper in cognitive and affective phenomena involved in the transition appraisal. The analysis of the role of time and of contextual caracteristics are another direction for research
Eynard, Francis. "Apprentissage organisationnel et marketing "hygiénique" : interaction dans la restructuration des P.M.E. industrielles." Amiens, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AMIE0057.
In the first part, the study of apprenticeship deals with its physical and psychological bases. Applied to work organization, the psychological apprenticeship seems to question the conventional vision of work and that of the organization. The contribution of biology and ecology, through the theories of evolution and stress, can explain the interactions between the individual and the organization. The second part tries to give an empiric validation to this hypothesis, by a strategic approach of the enterprise's dismantling and its setting up again. Two surveys - one on the stress (2150 persons polled) and the other one on internal communication (72 industrial firms polled) - are proposing some indicators of that tendency, to validate later, with a more representative sample for the second one. Finally, an approach of the apprenticeship is proposed. Because of the quality imposed to the firms, the classical work organization is called into question by a necessary adaptation of the behaviour management, particularly of the apprenticeship. But shattering the behaviours acts upon the structures and the representations. The organizational learning can make work evolve and so the relational structures within the enterprise. This mutation is lived, by the workers, as an additional constraint, a factor of stress and internal deseconomics for the firm, which the science of management cannot ignore. The internal communication is an instrument which becomes more and more operational, as a means of learning by psychological conditioning. For the evolution of representations, communication becomes a part of the internal marketing, called here the "hygienic" marketing, because hygiene is the symbol of the preservation of health, thus of life. The internal marketing contributes to associate the individuals' behaviours to the organization's survival
Bizeuil, Martine. "Les risques du management par la culture d'entreprise : liens entre culture d'entreprise, implication et stress, approche pluridisciplinaire." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0004.
The risks of managing through corporate culture. Links between corporate culture, involvement and stress - multi-disciplinary approach. We examined the subject of our research from a multi-disciplinary viewpoint (Human Resources Management, Anthropology, Sociology, Psychology, Psychoanalysis). The issue could be summarized in the following terms: " Management through culture and through the affective involvement this demands, is a source of stress and suffering ". Our theoretical analysis as well as our research in the field show that using the concept of corporate culture and its underlying affects can generate malfunctions and propagate a "managerial Darwinism" which is costly for the firm. As a result of our findings, we would suggest:- leave the concept of corporate culture to anthropologists - use a concept that seems to be more adapted to a firm's reality: declared identity- be aware of the risks of exploiting affects- aim towards reasoned management that could also be called ego-management
Vaxevanoglou, Xénophon. "Déterminants organisationnels et psychosociaux, activité de travail et santé psychique au travail." Amiens, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AMIE0003.
The operator/subject's health has been considered as early as the beginning of the ergonomical psychology where ergonomy is one of the fundamental criteria in research and intervention. For a long time, the ergonomical and psychological analysis about work was based on a defensive idea of the health - no illness since fifteen years, due to certain epidemiological results and theoretical evolutions the psychic and social dimensions of the activity have been taken into consideration. Through the influence of the stress theory of the psychodynamic at work, they stated out their human model and their problematic of the health at work : the operator takes part in the edification of his own health which is at once no illness, well - being and accomplishment of himself. The relation between work nd health cannot be only explained through the direct effects of pressure at work. The operator, subject in action, "clever" and "concerned", "subjective" and "full of ambivalence" is engaged in the work condition with his own story, aim and technology. The duality between these personal characteristics and those of the organization will become a positive fact for his health or on the contrary generate compromises resulting solely from the demands of efficiency endangering his physical, psychic and mental integrity. The understanding of this duality, its origin, development and issues goes through the activity analysis at work so. It will be possible to point out the role of the operator/subject in the regulation of the system and in the edification of his health - performance and health are not solely dependant of the objective reality. They are also a function of the operator's way of thinking and living the situation, and thus a function of the subjective reality. So it appears necessary to find some methodological connectors between the different approaches to finally propose an explanatory model of stress and psychic suffering at work
Ponnelle, Sandrine. "Rôle des déterminants contextuels et personnels dans l'ajustement aux situations de stress." Amiens, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AMIE0006.
Cognitive approach of stress proposes a transactionnal model integral dispositional factors, characteristics of situation and psychic activity (cognitive, emotional, behavioural) that a person do to cope with stressful experiences. A meaning given to the situation (loss, challenge, threat) that depends on individual coping resources (personal and /or social) and strategies to cope with stressful situations alters impact of these situations on health. However, it exists a disagreement about focus of coping (oriented on task, emotion or avaidance)a and theirs consequences on health; this disagreement can be explained by conceptualization and evaluation of coping. Actually, an important conceptual distinction exists between coping as a reponse to an particular event (coping strategy) and coping as dispositional factor (personality trait or coping style). To understand the relation stressors strain, it is necessary to ask oneself about concept of coping and study coping style and coping strategy simustaneously. The problematic of this thesis is focused on articulations between dispositional factors, contextuals characteristics, health and coping style and coping strategy. Results of this research shows that the characteristics of context (objective and subjective nature) and individual's characteristics determine coping strategies and health. In the same way, role of these determinants varies from functions of coping (task, emotion or avaidance). It exists a link between coping style and coping strategy, but it depends on situations. These two evaluations of coping have particular relation in stress dynamic
Hollet, Sandrine. "Une contribution à la compréhension du phénomène de stress de la force de vente : la notion d'épuisement professionnel." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20165.
Berton, Jessie. "Le décalage entre le prescrit et le réel peut-il provoquer un état de mal-être ? : étude effectuée chez les sapeurs-pomiers en intervention." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0025.
Chakkouche, Widiane. "Harcèlement moral au travail : Comparaison interculturelle (France-Maghreb) des stratégies de protection psychologiques." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05H111.
New organization forms and job restructuring methods like companies delocalization are professional issues that favour moral harassment in the workplace. This social phenomenon, which is typical of our productivist companies based on the rush for individual profit, derives for the most part from organizations forms such as autocratic management methods based on threat or fear of discharge and the late management of labour disputes. This constant work painfulness can even threaten the workers life, as proven by the amazing increase of suicides in big companies like France Telecom. To get protected against this constant and increasing harassment, women stemming from different cultures, namely North African immigrant women exposed to noxious acts in their workplace, choose specific defence strategies and particular practices linked to their traditional culture. How do North African immigrant women on one hand and French women on the other hand get on with the suffering they bear in the workplace? How may this suffering change them "inside"? What psychic defences and strategies are they bind to bring into play? How are cultural and ethnological factors involved in the psychic defences used by these victims of harassment in the workplace?These are the questions we answered to in this study. We tried to understand the psychic processes that explain why the impact of moral harassment in the workplace is different for women stemming from different origins and culture. This study brings to light the cultural practices used by these women as defence strategies in order to get protected against this violence (harassment in the workplace)
Courty, Bénédicte. "L'épuisement professionnel des soignants en gériatrie." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21030.
What about the suffering of geriatrics personnel ? It appears to be plural, frequently mentioned and denounced, however rarely examined in research. It is one thing to state it, to relay it, to talk about it. However, it is another to examine it closely, subdivide it into its principal components. We chose to study this topic based on a literature review of burn-out, and in a helplessness-hopelessness theory perspective. Trait anxiety was assessed using the STAI-Y (Spielberger, 1983), and depression was assessed using the CESD (Radloff, 1977). The 150 participants were recruited during a survey in geriatrics throughout the country. Our results demonstrate the existence of a continuum between anxiety-depression comorbodity and burn-out. This relationship is even stronger, and more significant when motivation is used as a mediator. The helplessness-hopelessness theory (Alloy et al. , 1989) offers directions for the understanding of burn-out in geriatrics personnel in that it brought us to consider resignation as a passive coping strategy when confronted to the threat of burn-out. Our findings allow us to understand the discrepancy between caregivers' expectations, and the everyday reality they are confronted to in their profession. We believe that this discrepancy becomes a vulnerability factor as it grows
Loriol, Marc. "La médicalisation de la fatigue et du stress : la sociogénèse de la notion de mauvaise fatigue." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H055.
Gómez, Mejía Alina. "Stress des organisations : une conceptualisation dans une perspective stratégique : le cas des organisations sanitaires et sociales." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUED012.
The financial crisis that began in 2008 and has led centeranian companies to bankruptcy, which has put in difficulty thousands of other companies, has led us to a first questioning on the survival of organizations in a tirbulent enviorment. If we consider that the survival of the organization is a major challanve for its stakeholders and society in general, it is fundamental to identify their pathologies and warning signs in order to search for remedial. A litterature review on the causes of organizations difficulties has led us to study the roots of this pehnomenon and to explore the existence of a relationship with the concept of stress/ The objective of this study is to conceptualize organization stress. To do this, we used as a starting point a transfer of the stress concept between Life and Behavior Sciences and Stragtegic Management. This approach has been tested and enriched by means of grounded theory using as a field study organizations of the health, social and medico-social sector. This reserarch strategy has highlighted the conceptual elements of stress, its causes its effects, and the construction and implementation of strategies ti cope. Our results show thaht the same causes may paradoxically lead to strategic change or failure of organizations. It is therefore likely that the stress concept can be useful for the design of strategic change, as qell as for the prevention of bankrucptcy
Le, borgne Margaux. "Clinique de la douleur chronique au travail : approche cognito-émotionnelle des facteurs de risque et de vulnérabilité à la lombalgie chronique et prise en charge TCC de groupe." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2013.
Chronic exposure to stressful situations, notably atwork, atlers the health of workers and can lead to thedevelopment of low-back pain. A large body of researchhas sought to identify modifiable psychological riskfactors to form the basis of interventions aimed atpreventing the development of prolonged incapacity.However, despite the recommendations of the HauteAutorité de Santé, there is little research intopsychotherapy combined with CBT in France.Numerous international studies on the efficiency of CBTshow modest and irregular effects due to amisunderstanding of psychological factors or imprecisetheoretical foundations.The objective of this doctoral research is two-fold :- Study 1 : This quantitative study was performed with256 patients suffering from work-related chronic lowbackpain. Our results show that psychological riskfactors, particularly cogitive factors (beliefs) aresignificant predictive factors of pain and disability. Also,our results highlighted the role of cognitive andemotional dysregulations in links between risk factors,pain and disability.- Study 2 : Through evaluations of the level of risk andvulnerability factors, this study aims to analyse theefficiency of group CBT treatment for patients sufferingfrom chronic work-related low-back pain (N = 15). Theirresults have compared to those of control group (N =16). Results indicate a significant decrease in levels ofdisability, psychological risk factors and vulnerabilityfactors (rumination, difficulties in emotional regulation,somatosensory amplification), which is specific to CBTgroup.These observed clinical benefits should be extended toa larger number of groups. It would seem to be pertinentto work on a transdiagnostic and processual approachin order to identify underlying psychological factors inthe link between pain and risk factors / emotionalproblems in order to improve treatment efficiency
Billiard, Isabelle. "Les conditions historiques, sociales et scientifiques de l'apparition de la psychopathologie du travail en france." Paris, CNAM, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CNAM0322.
Soomro, Shuaib Ahmed. "Four essays on the influence of terrorism stress and job stress on employee attitude and behavior." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0207.
Terrorism is a scourge which has now spread across the globe. The events of the last few years in Sri Lanka, New Zealand, London, France, Pakistan and other cities around the world highlight the fact that terrorism hurt physically and mentally who experience it. Meanwhile, in some areas, discontinuous terrorism is an everyday reality. Terrorism can be stressful for societies in general and business in particular. Until now, there has been scant research focusing on this phenomenon. Hence, this study aims to understand terrorism stress and its influence on job outcomes working in terrorist-ridden areas. Two cities of Pakistan were study setting, as she has suffered from discontinuous terrorism for about two decades. This thesis work has four essays, based on three stress frameworks. The three used are; Stress Framework (Lazarus and Folkman, 1984), ERI Framework (Siegrist, 1998) and COR framework (Hobfoll, 1988). Chapter 1 is about literature review, we explored terrorism and job stressors, and their influence on job outcomes. Afterwards, a qualitative study, 3 separate quantitative studies (Chapter 3, 4 and 5 respectively) were conducted. The qualitative research was based on the literature and semi-structured interviews. It aimed to gain in-depth knowledge about job and terrorism stressors. The study pointed out that the employees at large are exposed to terrorist incidents. The altogether three quantitative studies conjointly found that terrorism stressor and job stressor adversely affect employee health and wellbeing. The thesis concludes with contributions, managerial implications, and directions for future research
Hoummani, Mounia. "Souffrance psychique au travail en milieu universitaire au Maroc et en France : impact du changement organisationnel." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0023.
The issue of mental suffering is ubiquitous at work as evidenced by the recent controversies related to suicides int the workplace. Physical suffering is moving towards a psychological suffering. In this thesis we ask the question: how is mental suffering, and how does it appear ? Our hypothesis is: Organizational changes generate mental suffering manifested by particular reactions in Morocco and France. There are many difference in how to experiment that, according to the personality and its impact on the self-image. Our research focuses on the administrative staff of two universities in France and Morroco. Analysis of the data to a questionnaire, interviews and NEO PI-R shows that suffering is little expressed at work in Morocco, also there is individual and personal problems related to intimate situation of each one next to the dissatisfaction, whereas mental suffering is manifested by the devaluation of the self-image in France
Kakwata, Citenge. "Relations entre facteurs de stress au travail, satisfaction au travail et engagement organisationnel : rôle modérateur des étapes de carrière." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1065.
The moderating role of career stages has never ceased to attract the attention of researchers in this time when a career concept is the subject of much debate in the middle of scientists. Our goal in this study is to investigate the moderating role of career stages in relationships of a group of variables, with a view to clarifying these relationships and to identify variables that may contribute to the improvement of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. To achieve our goal, we developed a research model with four variables levels. The first is related to stress factors at work, the second is job satisfaction, the third deals with the organizational commitment and the last level deals with the stages of career. This model is tested on a sample of 242 university teachers in Angola. After various analyzes (Multi-Group Analysis, and others), our results indicate that career stages play a moderating role in the overall relations between our variables. This moderation is manifested specifically in direct and indirect relationships of our variables in career steps included in our study. These results have allowed us to present the contributions and recommendations of managerial types in line to help professionals and institutional managers to improve their policies on the well-being of employees
Girault, Noëlle. "Burnout : émergence et stratégies d'adaptation, le cas de la médecine d'urgence." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H068.
Cohidon, Christine. "Contraintes de travail et effets sur la santé : études à partir de données existantes à l'échelle de la France." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR28972.
The aim of this study is first to describe the stress at work in France and secondly to estimate its associations with French existing health data which are either exhaustive or representative. The first chapter identifies and describes the exposure to job stress among french active population, using a national survey on working conditions carried out by the Ministry of Labour in 1991. Exposure to job stress is expressed as a job exposure-matrix. The individualization of homogenous exposure groups is done using to 2 methods : first, a segmentation method (CART) using the age class, the sector of activity codes and the occupational categories 4 digits codes, secondly only 1 and 2 digits occupational categories codes. The second chapter relates the exposure to job stress to french mortality data. An ecological study design is used. The methodological finalization is done by the study of french inequalities in coronary heart diseases. The limitations on mortality data did not allow the complete study of the effects of job stress. The third chzpter studies the association between the exposure to job strain and french indicators of health effects stemmedfrom a national survey on health and medical cares, done in 1991. The effects of job stress on health vary according to the sex. The deleterious role of a low decision latitude on many symptoms is found among men. The study also shows the effect of other stressors, in particular the polyvalence at work. This stressor could induce, in women, chronic pains, peptic ulcers and addictive behaviors
Serbezova, Kristina. "Modélisation des processus reliant comportements de leadership, performance et santé psychologique, au service du développement d’un outil d’évaluation et d’accompagnement des managers." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT2034.
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the processes linking leadership behaviors to performance and psychological health. Leadership is considered according to a conception of behavioral versatility of the leader through three quantitative studies. In Study 1, an assessment tool of the leader's balance in his behavior was developed and validated, based on two samples of managers (N1 = 709, N2 = 226). Based on the second sample, Study 2 models the processes linking balanced leadership, organizational culture, leader's psychological health and team performance. Study 3 seeks to evaluate the processes by which leadership behaviors influence the psychological health and performance of employees (N = 105). Five main results arise from this thesis: 1) Balanced leadership evaluated by the developed tool predicts better collective performance. 2) Organizational culture contributes to balanced leadership and to collective performance. 3) The leader's stress and burn-out reduce his ability to balance his behaviors. 4) Empowering leadership is associated with better collective performance and a lower level of stress and burnout among employees. 5) Employee psychological empowerment mediates and independently contributes to the effects of empowering leadership on the psychological health and performance of employees. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed, particularly in terms of leaders' coaching and training
Nicolas, Caroline. "Suicide : santé mentale et environnement organisationnel : dans quelle mesure peut-on prévenir un suicide dans une organisation ?" Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0014.
Suicide is a multifactorial act, resulting from a number of risk factors over the life trajectory, within different domains of life and often have started during childhood. Representing 10500 deaths per year in France, and about 220 000 suicide attempts, suicide is a major public health problem (INSERM). Academic works in suicidology, report mental disorders as the most robust risk factor. Others are important risk factors, as personality traits and accumulation of difficulties in different life spheres. Several researchers have recently been interested in the link between suicide and work environment. Scientific literature is extensive concerning links between mental health and work, nevertheless rigorous researches on links between suicide and work environment are still needed, especially in France, where results from studies are sometimes incoherent with interpretations. The objective of the thesis is to explore differences observed between opinions and scientific conclusions in regards to the link between suicide and work environment. We formulated two research questions : can a negative work environment have a negative influence on mental health? Are work environment and/or work related-situations associated with a danger for mental health ? Three studies including two exploratory studies were conducted and based on semi-directive interviews. The first exploratory study consisted in an analysis of 23 salaries' discourses, from an industrial organization concerned by suicides and suicide attempts since 2010. The second exploratory study consisted in an analysis of 23 salaries' discourses, from a services organization, who were touched by two suicides in 2012. A third comparative study was conducted on the basis of semi-directive interviews, according to a psychological autopsy and life calendar methods. Semi-structured interview exploring love, family and professional spheres of life, past suicide attempts and mental health problems among 84 participants. A first group, 42 close relatives of people deceased by suicide, recounted the lives of the deceased person who was in employment at the time of death, was compared to a second group of 42 living participants, who also were in employment at the time of the study. Quantitatively (by ALCESTE) and qualitatively analyzed, data from both exploratory studies highlight common points shared by workers: a succession of reorganizations not well accepted, a high and growing workload, more and more urgencies interfering with daily- workload, the perceptions that the quality of their work is the best they could offer, the lack of autoncwiy, the lack of financial and symbolic gratitude, the perceptions of organisational injustice, a negative work climate (interpersonal conflicts, aggressions, threats, maybe moral harassment), the presence of work-family conflict, and the increase in psychological strain. Moreover, in the second study, physical or social isolations are described as associated with feelings of loneliness. Results of the comparative study, showed that significantly more mental health axis 1 disorders (especially mood and substances disorders) and an axis II disorder (especially Cluster C) are observed among participants deceased by suicide. As well, comorbidity and past suicide attempts are significantly more prevalent among participants deceased by suicide. No differences were observed between groups, concerning adversities in love relationships, family relations, social interactions and academic domain. However, living participants had significantly more adversities in professional domain over the life course and during the last five years. Conclusion According to our results, a work environment could have a negative impact on mental health. Some characteristics and work-related situations revealed in the two exploratory studies could be associated to a negative impact on mental health and psychological well-being. Nevertheless, concerning suicidal risk precisely, the comparative study shows that work adversities do not represent a robust or direct risk factor for suicide, but psychiatric disorders are. Furthermore, an analysis is proposed in conclusion to explore possible directions for a suicide prevention program in a work-related environment
Shaijarernwana, Pawithai. "Etudes exploratoires des effets bénéfiques de la méditation sur le stress professionnel : Enquête auprès des pratiquants bouddhistes zen en France." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/SHAIJARERNWANA_Pawithai_2007.pdf.
The objective of this study is to examine benefits of meditation in dealing with stress, especially in a professional job context. There are two mainstream theories on the subject. They are stress identification and stress management. Each of them can be applied to three key areas: medical sciences, occupational psychology and occupational sciences. L’Association Zen Internationale is selected for this research. The results of this study show that meditation and sport can reduce stress and they allow individual to acquire benefits which correspond to emotional intelligence. The study found that meditation participants who have high tension, according to Karasek model, have the lowest satisfaction level but the level of satisfaction for their life and their family life are not different. The study establish that meditation can be a way to compensate for job satisfaction when people cannot obtain it from their work
Zid, Rim. "Le harcèlement moral au travail dans un contexte de changements organisationnels." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05D011.
The phenomenon of workplace bullying has been attracting increasing interest since 1990 from researchers in different domains. A variety of factors has been presented as precursors of workplace bullying. In the present research, we are interested in organizational factors as antecedent of bullying, more specifically organizational changes (as a precursor of bullying). The objective of this study is to investigate the link between organizational changes and workplace bullying. The second focus of this research involves the link between organisational changes and emotions. Furthermore, cultural are hypothesized to moderate changes, and emotions on bullying. In this research, the workplace bullying was measured by using two complementary strategies: Negative Acts Questionnaire or NAQ (Einarsen & Raknes, 1997) and the definition of the bullying (Hirigoyen, 1998) follow-up questions of bullying experience. Those instruments used in our questionnaire are the most used instruments in the area of workplace bullying. Emotions were measured by using the Job-related Affective Well-being Scale (JAWS) of Katwyk et al. (2000). A survey of 237 persons provided clear support to four of our hypothesis (1, 2, 4 and 5). Results revealed evidence links between some types of changes and workplace bullying (hypothesis 1). Results show link between organizational changes and emotions (hypothesis 4), and it support earlier finding that culture moderates the link between organisational changes and workplace bullying (hypothesis 2), and between organizational changes and emotions (hypothesis 5). However, only five sub hypotheses 3 are supported. The results of the statistical analysis revealed evidence links between fives types of changes and workplace bullying
Edey, Gamassou Claire. "Stress et implication des agents territoriaux : une approche en terme de ressources." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010016.
Phongsavanh, Thitphrachanh kay. "La souffrance morale au travail." Thesis, Avignon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AVIG2045/document.
The moral suffering in the workplace has already been mentioned by Dr. Villermé in the 19th century, it rises from the ashes whenever difficult times in the economy or politics arise. Understanding the psychological mechanisms are required for the law to assign the most appropriate legal qualification. The damage that is caused to the worker must then find a compensation corresponding to the damage. The creation of a specific prejudice station dedicated to psychological disorders is an approach that I have tried to put in place for its recognition as a lesion is appreciated just as a physical wound. The "psychometer" (scales of assessments of psychological disorders) rested on a proven set of methods and scientific technics. At present, these methods allow us to assess and evaluate with great precision the psychological suffering of the worker at work. The degree of pain, intensity and disability of the employee by an expert allows us to assign a compensation for the damage based on a specific schedule that I developed for psychological disorders. Thus , the prevention of risks should be the approach of all social enterprises and the partnerships (Unions and employers). As a result, the skills of experts from the medical world, ergonomics, law, etc. must be collected to achieve the objectives. The role of the employer, the CHSCT and the Institution Staff Representative is essential in the process of prevention of occupational hazards
CASTILHOS, KARAM HELIETE MARIA. "Travail, souffrance, silence analyse psychodynamique et nouvelles orientations therapeutiques de l'alcoolisme." Paris, CNAM, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CNAM0282.
The author brings up its clinical experience in the brazilian oil industry, to conduct a psychodynamic study of the links between alcoholism and alcoholic behavior in work environment, where silence was at the center of a typical labour suffering. Integrated at the work organization, the circuit of this suffering went through family, where wife and children were appealed. The author relies on the theory in psychodynamic labor for which resistance to change refers to a form of organized resistance to collectively fight against suffering in order to execute the compagny tasks. The author shows that alcohol is then one of the means, perhaps the most powerful one, used by the workers to resist the pathogenicals labour effects. Alcoholism appears as a part of a representation system which interpretation is impossible without the analysis of labour and its links with the worker's family. Therefore, the interventions on alcoholism and its primary prevention in work environment, will have to be rethought - which allows to consider new therapeutic approaches
Michel, Frédéric. "De l'exploitation à la pénibilité : étude de la pénibilité du travail en France et en Belgique." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0096.
This doctoral dissertation treats of the work hardness in France and in Belgium. In the first part, we define and study the work hardness at a socio-" historical, theoretical as well as statistic level and we try to apprehend some of its demonstrations through the prism of health at work. In the second part, we analyse the variability of work hardness experiences according to the kind of work done (social work, emergency work, manual work, administrative work, self-employed activity). Ali this analysis will be concluded bya reflection on the links existing between work hardness and work satisfaction
Mouketou, Mouketou Marylène. "Etude des déterminants environnementaux du stress au travail : le cas de salariés français et gabonais exerçant en bureaux ouverts." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT2014.
This thesis about on the links between the work environment and the stress related to these work environments in the specific case of the landscape offices. It seeks to show how variables related to the work environment (perceived control and privacy, comfort and functionality, attachment to the workplace ...) can contribute to the genesis of stress, beyond the effect simple psycho-socio-organizational variables (decision latitude, workload ...). To do this, three studies were conducted. The first qualitative study has for main objective to investigate the professional experience of the employees exercising in open space. The second study, conducted among 213 French employees, aims to assess the moderating effect of objective and subjective variables related to the environment on work stress on the one hand and attachment to the workplace on the other. The third study aims to compare a sample of French employees (213) with a sample of Gabonese employees (105) from the point of view of the role played by satisfaction with the work environment on attachment to the workplace. The results of these studies show that stress can be related to the characteristics of open work environments, in particular to the nuisances generated by these workspaces in terms of comfort and functionality. But also, that the relation to the workspace depends on the individual who occupies this space. The results also showed that the employees of the two culturally different countries have a distinct perception of the open spaces and the connection they have with this place
Naudin, Mathias. "Les phénomènes organisationnels de démotivation." Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020041.
Payre, Sébastien. "Analyse du stress dysfonctionnel au travers de la dégradation de la performance socio-économique des moyennes entreprises." Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO33047.
The sharp increase in the number of illnesses could be attributed in part to the problems of stress that medical studies have increasingly forward, and which particularly concerns as we demonstrate the medium-sized enterprises. Through the analysis of this phenomenon, we try to overcome the traditional approaches to health and safety at work for a comprehensive approach that integrates ail of the socio-economic performance of enterprises. Ln the first part, we are positioning research on SMEs before define Medium Enterprises and describe the structural characteristics of their environment that will enhance the development of stress in their midst. Then we look at the theoretical approaches of this phenomenon before construct a dysfunctional definition. We based on a content analysis of sentences collected during interviews conducted in thirty enterprises and organizations. We characterize in the second part, the deterioration of the social performance and economic performance through three cases of medium enterprises. This deterioration leads to a lack of professionalism of the actors through the low quality of industrial relations and monitoring activities and men. We show that this situation generates conflicts that cause dysfunctional stress. Finally, we present a process of change tailored to the problem of dysfunctional stress to improve the functioning of the medium¬sized enterprises
Trentzsch-Joye, Sabine. "Rupture du contrat psychologique, stress et souffrance au travail : une recherche réalisée au sein du dispositif souffrance au travail du CHU Toulouse-Purpan." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20046.
The purpose of this research is to study the origins and psychosocial consequences of the working situations leading to stress and mental suffering. It is looking primarily at how the psychological contract has been impacted by the changes that have evolved in the working environment in the past years. It is more particularly centered on the mental processes through which a breach of the psychological contract is being perceived and on the processes that are applied to cope with this altered employment relationship.From a theoretical standpoint, this research departs from the traditional approach to occupational stress insofar as it integrates subjective dynamics into the study of stress and suffering at work. Our theory suggests that the heterogeneous experiences and temporalities of employees have an influence on the organizational socialization as well as on the development of the employment relationship and the subjective regulation of conflicts. A local public hospital service offering psychological care for people suffering from their working situation provide the frame of the research. The information collected via this clinical work done with 103 persons is used for the qualitative and quantitative data analyses. The clinical observations are systematically compared to the results of the statistical analysis. We establish a link between the perception of a violation of the psychological contract and the deterioration of the mental health of the persons received in this psychological care center. We underline the impact of the contract’s breach, often a consequence of changes occurring in the working environment, on the individual as well as on the employment relationship. The empirical and the statistical results emphasize the need for the development and the implementation of psychosocial risks prevention measures by multidisciplinary working groups
Kakwata, Citenge. "Relations entre facteurs de stress au travail, satisfaction au travail et engagement organisationnel : rôle modérateur des étapes de carrière." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1065.
The moderating role of career stages has never ceased to attract the attention of researchers in this time when a career concept is the subject of much debate in the middle of scientists. Our goal in this study is to investigate the moderating role of career stages in relationships of a group of variables, with a view to clarifying these relationships and to identify variables that may contribute to the improvement of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. To achieve our goal, we developed a research model with four variables levels. The first is related to stress factors at work, the second is job satisfaction, the third deals with the organizational commitment and the last level deals with the stages of career. This model is tested on a sample of 242 university teachers in Angola. After various analyzes (Multi-Group Analysis, and others), our results indicate that career stages play a moderating role in the overall relations between our variables. This moderation is manifested specifically in direct and indirect relationships of our variables in career steps included in our study. These results have allowed us to present the contributions and recommendations of managerial types in line to help professionals and institutional managers to improve their policies on the well-being of employees
Chang, Bingbing. "Évaluation du stress au travail et méthodes de prévention." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS214.
This thesis aims to develop and validate experimentally a method of assessing professional stress inspired by the “Job Demands-Resources” model in a company and in Ph.D students. Two questionnaires customized to these two populations (employees vs. Ph.D students) were created and validated. The results show that our two questionnaires are reliable, valid and flexible to various professional contexts. Measures of coping, well-being and lifestyle allow for an overall assessment of the stressful situation and its repercussions on the individual. Stress profiles and coping combinations identified by Cluster analysis provide a better understanding of the complexities of psychological problems. The final part is devoted to a protocol of induction of psychological stress in a laboratory setting to evaluate and treat an inherent state of stress in a professional context. This protocol of stress induction inspired by the Trier Social Stress Test was set up to study the associations among personality, coping, emotions and heart rate variability. Anxiety traits, neuroticism, extraversion, and consciousness play important roles in stress, coping, and heart rate variability. Fear and shame have been identified as the negative emotions of stress. Mitigation of certain positive emotions has been revealed under stress. These studies offer new directions for the psychological risks’ prevention and serve as a basis for an innovative, inexpensive and adapted tool to a wider variety of professions for the detection and management of occupational stress
Mokaddem, Sarah. "La rupture du contrat psychologique : ses effets sur les attitudes et les comportements des salariés au travail : Cas d’un Grand Groupe Français." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131025.
Paty, Benjamin. "La violence à l'école : étude d'une représentation sociale comme facteur de stress des enseignants." Reims, 2004. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000054.pdf.
The school violence phenomenon, by the several attempts of explanations it generates and by its mediatization, represents a stake for the social groups concerned. It also influences the practices and perceptions. For more than 30 years, the teachers have constituted a population described as concerned by occupational stress. However no modeling of teacher stress integrated the question of school violence. By connecting three fields of research - aggression, stress and social representations -, we conducted three empirical researches intended to advance knowledge on the consequences of violence at the school on the teachers, social actors concerned daily by this problem: a content analysis of press articles and scientific research summaries, a questionnaire survey on 122 teachers (with a French adaptation of the questionnaire of representation of the aggression (Expagg) and the Maslash Burnout Inventory (MBI)) then, another survey on a more consequent sample of 386 training teachers using a more complete set of questionnaires relating to the stress and the representations of the aggression analyzed by paths analysis. The results show strong similarities between the lay speech relating to school violence and the scientific speech relating to the aggression, proof of the social construction of reality. They also show a direct influence of the social representation of violence on teachers health. These results open new prospects for modeling stress in the populations confronted with problems of violence at work
Salmon, Thierry. "Représentations sociales et stress au travail : une approche psychosociale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0371/document.
The concept of stress has become an object of scientific thought, which for many years has been a popular success with the general public. So stress has become an object of common sense thinking. It is this object within the framework of the work, that we have studied in an exploratory research using a questionnaire that we have elaborated, in a psychosocial approach and Social Representations which purpose is to explore the existence of Social Representations of workplace stress in the workplace, of its variations according to sex, both in and part of the dynamics of the hierarchical relations that structure the company (upward and horizontal comparison) in a normal and substitution context, also to explore the existence of social values of work stress as well as practices considered to be most effective in coping with work-related stress, and also psychological effects according to MBI dimensions. The results we present here would reveal the existence of an organized field of representations of stress at work and also the existence of symbolic relationships between hierarchical statuses and between men and women
Pimpeterre, Sylvie. "Partage des connaissances en milieu bancaire : une approche en terme des ressources et de propriété psychologique." Bordeaux 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR40059.
The knowledge sharing is a central managerial issue nowadays. Our research stands in this context. We do not aim at keeping the previous work tradition, even if we are inspired by it, but rather to provide new elements for understanding the complex phenomenon of knowledge sharing. Our approach relies on two theoretical structures. The first, Hobfoll's ressource preservation (1989) which conciliates transactional and interactional approaches of stress. The second is Pierce, Cummings & Dirks "psychological ownership in organization" which tends to explain the psychological property concept since there is a confusion between the inner self (personality hard core) and the object (knowledge). Our research aims at having a better understanding of how individual mechanisms may influence the knowledge sharing. The general problem lies in the following question : why do people share or do not share their knowledge ? The banking environment has been selected as a professional structure. The quantitative approach has been favoured. The analysis has been carried out from data based on 600 questionnaires sending, with a return rate of 45. 5 %. The hypothesis of our model have been partially ratified. Resources act upon knowledge sharing. However the psychological property power experienced by banking executives towards their knowledge, has no direct effect on their sharing
Makhlouf, Kinda. "L'impact des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) sur les conditions de travail bancaire." Chambéry, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CHAML004.
At first glance, working conditions of employees French appear to be favourable. The banking sector is particularly preferred and may be cited as an example. However, in reality, the situation of the banking sector is less idyllic. If the job bank has changed since a recent period, it has also intensified and accelerated. In this context, two effects of the implementation of ICT can be distinguished. The first conduit to an improvement in productive behavior and provides a necessary stability for better use of skills and existing resources, the second appears to be associated an increase in the arduousness and workload mental. How to ensure perennial performance of these institutions face both the development of ICT and research skills. How today is the question of working conditions facing the implementation of ICT? These are adapted to the constraints of employees? What deviees of human resources put in place to accompany these changes in work and avoid suffering at work? These are the questions we are interested. The first part of this research aims to clarify a theoretical reference to reflect on what today represents (ICT), and the concept of working conditions, and the links between the two. The second part aims to analyze the representations of employees Compared with the last point. Our goal is to understand the real impacts of technologies on the working conditions of employees in the banking sector. The conceptual framework used was deepened with Empirical research conducted on many of the branches of banks. A comprehensive approach, focusing on the study of a inquiry interviews and based on an abductive research, allowed us to deepen our knowledge. The empirical results reveal that while ICT has modernized and improved the banking operations and the services provided to customers. Is indeed at the detriment of intensification of work, and an increase in workload and a deteriorating and a deterioration of working conditions. These results can provide to human resources a broader and deeper knowledge of the new working environment in which employees are now faced
Lourel, Marcel. "Stress, santé et épuisement professionnel des personnels de l'administration pénitentiaire : une méta-analyse des processus de burnout." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20037.
Our research is divided into three stages. 1)a review of literature covering stress and coping, organisational stress and health and burnout in the prison service as well as the meta-analysis. By incorporating the multi-factor health psychology model, the analysis is extended beyond the "person-environment" static relationship. This model stipulate the synthesis of the three principal explanatory factors of psychic and physical health. These factors are the environmental and socio-demographic antecedents, the individual and psychosocial antecedents and finally the transactions and adjustment stategies. 2) -two studies conducted within the French prison, and relating to Karesek's job control demand model (1979), to coping (Lazarus and al. , 1978) and to burnout (Freudenberger, 1974). The purpose of these studies is to test the weight as well as the consequences of the Karssek model on coping and burnout. 3) -a meta-analysis of burnout measured with the aid of the MBI (Maslach and al. , 1981). This method, applied in addition to the already conducted studies, should enable us support our knowledge of premonitory burnout mechanisms. Our studies underscore the weight of the 2 dimensions of the Karasek model on emotional exhaustion. Our studies confirm the moderating role of coping on burnout. Moreover, it appears that each one of the MBI burnout dimensions emerges in an independent manner in relation to the 2 other dimensions. The research density associated with burnout should be noted. In order to avoid needless multiplication of hypotheses, we are opting for the principle of parsimony and allowing the following reasoning : If the antecedents of burnout are the same in all populations, then applying a meta-analysis becomes possible. Our meta-analysis reflects the existence of a core of antecedents shared by the MBI's 3 dimensions. A correlation betwen depersonalisation and emotional exhaustion is the only one that appears to emerge
Lauwers, Marion. "A three essay dissertation on IS use during the post-adoption stage : a focus on the long-term health care sector." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A016.
Developing Health Information Systems (HIS) effective use becomes an imperative for the long-term health care sector, which is facing quality and productivity concerns, in a context under pressure, linked to European population ageing. Despite growing interest for the Information Systems’ (IS) post-adoption stage, this one stills largely unexplored compared to the implementation and adoption stages. Tackling this issue, this dissertation focuses on IS exploitative and exploratory uses in the healthcare sector, two kind of uses considered as key to reach benefits from IS and increase performance in the post-adoption stage. A first essay defines and conceptualizes our understanding of exploitative and exploratory uses, their antecedents and outcomes on users’ performance. Following essays analyze the dynamics behind these two use behaviors in the long term health care sector, as well as the role of the environment, and of the stress related to the technology, on these former. Results highlight the importance of studying exploitative and exploratory uses together. Thus, our findings show the way in which users switch between these two use behaviors as well as the way in which constraints related to the environment tend to lock users in exploitative use. Nevertheless, these findings also unveil solutions to get out of this exploitation trap. Finally, they highlight the ambivalent role of the system itself, and more specifically of the stress related to the technology on HIS exploitative and exploratory uses
Cannou, Emmanuel. "Malaise dans les sociétés post modernes : comment comprendre la souffrance psychique liée aux situations de travail ? Approche phénoménologique et psychanalytique." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA070086.
In this thesis the author wonders about the real-life experience of suffering at work. We shah see how this real-life experience, which is revealed by the complaint, is the reflection of the Zeitgeist. Indeed, in a Manichean vision which belongs to a world where can proliferate destructivity as a symptom of a collective tragedy, we can consider that a collective Superego sets up itself as rampart against the aggressiveness of the individuals towards the powerful authorities which maintain this system. The question of its own peculiarity with regard to the community is also underlined and the way each one makes to exist, in particular by means of the suffering. And, because relationship of the individuals with their work appears to us to be the reflection of the postmodern mentalities, this one will constitute a privileged ground of observation. In counterweight, some Dionysian exuberance in the air as desire, for the individuals, to re-appropriate themselves as "Ego" singular in a culture dominated by the hyper-rationalism of the consciousnesses, could establish new forms of social relationships far away from what they were during the XIXth and XXth centuries. From a population of migrants chosen exactly because they also belong to another culture, in spite of their singular story and of their structuring with regard to this one, we shah see how the culture, through the collective values fias submitted the individual psyche