Dissertations / Theses: 'Stress in children Victoria'

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Mallett, S. "School stress in children." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13270/.

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Most of us can empathise with feeling stressed. Each of us has our own unique interpretation of what stress is and our own understanding of what stress feels like. We each feel stress from a variety of sources and for a variety of reasons. We all have different coping strategies, which may or may not be effective. It is likely we learned our coping strategies in childhood; children who cope successfully with stress are likely to become adults who cope with stress successfully. Stress is not necessarily a 'bad thing': it can have many positive benefits. But too much stress, or coping ineffectively with repeated stress over long periods of time can have harmful effects on physical and psychological well being. This research investigates stress in school children, focusing specifically on school stress and everyday stressors inherent in schooling. It lets the pupils taking part in the research define their own stress and set the agenda for the research. How the pupils define their stress, their assessment of what is stressful for them in their life at school and how it makes them feel are all accepted unconditionally, and I have endeavoured to be non-judgemental in processing the information about stress disclosed to me by these pupils. The research was conducted over a two year period (1993-1994), at the eleven to sixteen comprehensive school where the author is employed. The data were collected by means of questionnaire, semi-structured interview and pupils' own personal writing and 'stress diaries'. After piloting, the first questionnaire was issued in January 1993 to one hundred and eighty volunteers in every form and every year group in the school (six questionnaires to each of the thirty tutor groups in the school). Of these questionnaires, 167 were returned (92.8%). The questionnaire asked respondents who would be prepared to be interviewed at a later stage, to identify themselves. Forty-five pupils volunteered. From these volunteers I selected pupils who had indicated that they had experienced feeling stress at school at some time on their questionnaire. I tried to keep a balance between males and females wherever possible, and to choose volunteers from across the age range. There were ten male and eleven female interviewees in the final selection one male and one female from year seven; one male and two females from year eight; two males and two females from year nine; and three males and three females from years ten and eleven respectively. The process was repeated again in 1994. Of the one hundred and eighty questionnaires issued in 1994, one hundred and forty three were returned (79%). Possible explanations for the difference in the number of questionnaires returned are discussed in Chapter 6. The same volunteers were interviewed in 1994 as in 1993, with the addition of two new volunteers, one male and one female, from year seven. The questionnaires and interviews were issued and conducted during the same time periods in both years. This was deliberately done to maintain consistency, to confirm the data collected in 1993 and to highlight any periods during the school year when pupils reported feeling more stress than at other times. This was successful as much of the data collected in 1994 does confirm the findings of 1993, and helps to build up a remarkably consistent picture of how pupils perceive stress at school. Originally, the author had planned to repeat the research method for a third year, but it was felt unnecessary to do this due to the corroborative nature of the data already collected. I have presented the results of each year separately rather than amalgamated the two sets of data, not only to emphasise this correlation but also because I wished to present as detailed a picture as possible of the stressful aspects of school life as perceived by the pupils, and although much of it is similar, none of it is the same. Each pupil has offered their own unique interpretation of the stressful school experiences he/she has encountered, and I felt it was important to include them all as equally important and valid in order to preserve the aims and integrity of the research. It would be impossible to amalgamate the data without trivialising the disparity of the experiences being disclosed to me. The main findings of this research suggest that there is a diverse, but ultimately exhaustive, range of school experiences pupils describe as being stressful for them. Most of these experiences can be categorised into domains relating to stressors which are curriculum generated; stressors which are the result of conflict in relationships with peers, teachers and/or family members; everyday life stressors not necessarily associated directly with school and a range of individually unique ‘one off’ stressors ...

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2

Chau, Ka-kin Helen. "An oasis for children nursery and daycare centre in Victoria Park /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31984459.

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Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1999.
Includes special report study entitled : Child's cognition of space. Content page of Thesis report missing. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

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Chau, Ka-kin Helen, and 周家建. "An oasis for children: nursery and daycare centre in Victoria Park." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31984459.

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Age, Tolonda. "Coping With Stress in Children." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2006. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/478.

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Unique stressors can prompt child adjustment difficulties. Coping strategies and emotion regulation that impact the adjustment of children in general and military family children were investigated. Eighty children, 36 with deployed parents, their parents and teachers participated. All experienced stress related to hurricane Katrina. Correlational analyses indicate that children with more hurricane-related losses or moves, use some coping strategies less often; hurricane-related child distress is related to lower maternal support; and parental hurricane-related distress is associated with high levels of child externalizing problems. When dealing with general stressors, some coping strategies were positively associated with child internalizing problems. Analyses indicate that children with high emotion regulation and use of certain coping strategies experienced less externalizing problems, and children with deployed parents were not more emotionally dysregulated or maladjusted than children with non-deployed parents. Analyses did not confirm the hypothesized roles of parental support. Gender differences are also discussed.

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Chee, Ming-mu Anthony, and 錢孟武. "Stress of parents with autistic children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248883.

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Branco, Ricardo Garcia. "Stress response in critically ill children." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609718.

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Becker, Kathryn Anne. "Attention and traumatic stress in children /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3055667.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-113). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Chee, Ming-mu Anthony. "Stress of parents with autistic children /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13115698.

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Siddons, Heather Michelle. "Anxiety in young children : direct and indirect connections with asthma, protective parenting and parental adjustment." Monash University, Dept. of Psychological Medicine, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5194.

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Tucci, Joseph 1966. "Towards an understanding of emotional and psychological abuse : exploring the views of children, carers and professionals involved in the child protection system in Victoria." Monash University, Dept. of Social Work, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5477.

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Dyb, Grete. "Posttraumatic stress reactions in children and adolescents." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-673.

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The 1980s mark the beginning of systematic research and theoretical advances in the field of psychic trauma in children. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was a diagnosis for adults in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-III (American Psychiatric Association, 1980). In a later version, children and adolescents were partially included (American Psychiatric Association, 1987). Since 1980, a range of traumatic events have been identified as having the required stressor characteristics for posttraumatic stress reactions to manifest in children and adolescents.

In this study, the role of the stressor and peritraumatic reactions in PTSD of children and adolescents was studied. In addition, co-existing factors were assessed and related to the development and maintenance of PTSD reactions. A cascade of distressing events described the stressor in children who reported sexual abuse in daycare (paper I), and single-incident events were studied in adolescents (paper III). Subjective reactions during or immediately after the traumatic event, such as intense emotions, physiological arousal, dissociation and having thoughts of intervening, were strongly associated to the subsequent development of PTSD reactions in adolescents. The findings indicate that subjective responses to traumatic events play an important role in PTSD etiology. Objective features of the stressor, such as death or physical injury did not relate significantly to the levels of posttraumatic stress reactions. Half the children exposed to the cascade stressor in the case of alleged child sexual abuse, showed significant levels of PTSD reactions four years later. The objective features of the cascade stressor depended on the reported severity of child sexual abuse as well as media exposure, medical examinations, forensic interviews and the court trial. Children with high levels of PTSD reactions reported more severe CSA and were also more exposed to the media and the court trial, but the tendency was not significant.

Moreover, co-existing factors not related to the traumatic event may play important roles in the development and maintenance of PTSD reactions. After alleged sexual abuse and subsequent distressing events, older children displayed more PTSD reactions than younger children, which may indicate that younger children were more protected from developing distress in this situation. On the other hand, five weeks after a tram car accident, age was negatively associated with the levels of PTSD reactions in a group of children (paper IV). The findings may be due to the diverse nature of the stressors and methodological issues.

Other co-existing factors to PTSD, such as behavior problems in children and adolescents, may represent considerable difficulties in a young person’s life. In the current study, children displayed significant levels of behavioral problems four years after alleged sexual abuse.

The impact on parents and the rest of the child’s family cannot be ignored in the assessment of posttraumatic stress reactions of children and adolescents. In this study, comprehensive assessments were made of the parents’ experiences and levels of distress after alleged sexual abuse of their children. The parents were exposed to a cascade of events, including hearing about the sexual abuse, being involved in the police investigation and the court trial and being exposed in media reports. Four years after the events, elements of the stressor were significantly associated to the level of posttraumatic stress reactions. The findings illustrate how child sexual abuse reports may involve the children’s parents and expose them to high levels of distress over a long period of time.

In addition, interactions in the family may contribute in the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress reactions in children and adolescents, and impede the healing processes.

After traumatic events in childhood, researchers tend to prefer parental reports of the children’s reactions to spare the children. In this study, children reported significantly higher levels of distress than observed by their parents after a tram car accident (paper IV). These findings indicate that parents unintentionally may bring in a response bias in their reports, which future research and clinical practice should take into account.

The study illustrates that traumatic events are complex experiences involving cognitive and emotional reactions, physiological arousal and dissociation, and that these reactions may induce posttraumatic stress reactions in children and adolescents. The cascade stressor subsequent to alleged sexual abuse of children showed how different elements of the stressor may lead to distress over a long period of time. The distress involved both children and parents in this study.

Paper II reprinted with kind permission of Elsevier, www.sciencedirect.com

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Dainty, J. "Posttraumatic stress following accidental injury to children." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2007981/.

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder which develops following a traumatic event. PTSD is characterised by symptoms including nightmares, flashbacks, irritability and sleeping difficulties, amongst a range of other symptoms as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Recent changes made to the diagnostic criteria for PTSD in the DSM-5 (2013) now consider hearing about a traumatic event as being directly traumatising for individuals, and further considers developmental factors in children when assessing for PTSD (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). It is recognised that both adults and children can develop posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) following a range of traumatic events. Research assessing parent and child reactions when children have experienced physical illness indicates that both parents and children experience PTSS (Santacroce, 2002; Fuemmeler, Mullins & Marx, 2001; Fuemmeler, Mullins, Van Pelt, Carpentier & Parkhurst, 2005). Parent and child PTSS following accidental traumatic injury to a child, however, is less well understood. The systematic review in chapter one of this thesis, aims to synthesise the current literature in the area of PTSS in parents and children, following accidental injury to the child. The background to the development of this synthesis is presented. This review was produced in order to gain an understanding of, and to synthesise, current research findings, and to identify whether parent PTSS is associated with the development of child PTSS. The results of the systematic review highlight gaps in knowledge, and a significant lack of qualitative research in this area. There is limited understanding of parents‟ experiences of their physically-injured child being returned home into an environment where parents may potentially be traumatised. Parents‟ PTSS can have a negative impact on child coping and the development of child PTSS following their physical injury (Ostrowski, Christopher & Delahanty, 2007; Nugent, Ostrowski, Christopher & Delahanty, 2007). It is vital to understand and address, parents‟ responses to traumatic events, which may be associated with children‟s responses. The empirical paper presented in chapter two of this thesis therefore aims to assess the frequency of parent PTS responses following their child‟s accidental traumatic injury, to add to the current evidence base. Given the limited understanding of parents‟ experiences of these events within the literature, the current study also explores parents‟ experiences of their child returning home after presenting with relatively high levels of PTSS when their child was in hospital. It is important to understand parents‟ experiences of these events in order for clinicians to know how to best support families, and to minimise PTS reactions. The empirical paper presents background research leading to the rationale of the current study, and the methods selected to address the aims and objectives of the research. Results are presented followed by a discussion, including clinical implications and areas for future research.

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Keppel-Benson, Jane M. "Posttraumatic stress among children in automobile accidents." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02052007-072442/.

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Fischer, Imke. "Years of silent control the influence of the Commonwealth in state physical education in Victoria and New South Wales /." Connect to full text, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4031.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Social, Policy and Curriculum Studies, Faculty of Education, University of Sydney, 2001.
Title from title screen (viewed 12th February, 2009) Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.

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Grahn, Johanna. "Barn och stress." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-1603.

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This paper is about children and stress. Stress among children is a serious problem and to be aware of that as a preschool teacher is very important. I’ve focused on the youngest children

in preschool. I’ve searched for information in litterateur and articles. To fins literature is not a problem because it is a lot written about this subject. I did two interviews with three preschool teachers. All my sources agree that stress among children is a problem that we must try to work against.

There are two kinds of stress, one is positive and the other one is negative. Everyone needs positive stress in their lives, but we don’t need negative stress. Negative stress is when you have so much pressure on you that can’t match your capacity and when that happens you experience negative stress.

I have found out in my research that stress exists among children in preschool. Everyone express stress differently because we all have different stress patience, which makes it hard to tell when children experience stress. There are simple things that preschool teachers can do to reduce stress. It is important that the teachers aren’t stressed because that makes the children stressed too. The easiest thing preschool teachers can do is to take it calm with the children so they don’t have to feel stressed.

The aim with this paper is to develop knowledge about children and stress in kindergarten, how they express stress and what preschool teachers can do to work against it.

Keywords: Children, stress, preschool, weekday

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Lo, Chak-chuen Eddie. "Parenting stress in family with autistic individual." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29689430.

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Tarabulsy, George M. (George Mikhail). "Stress-coping theory and children from divorced homes." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59875.

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This thesis attempts to integrate the divorce outcome data concerning children within the stress and coping mechanisms paradigm. The effects of divorce on children are reviewed, as are the major constructs of stress-coping theory. A study is conducted to demonstrate the empirical utility of the theoretical integration of the two domains. The coping resources, styles and efforts of 71 elementary school children from divorced and intact homes were investigated. Data analyses demonstrated that children from divorced homes had lower levels of psychological coping resources, and less effective coping styles and efforts, thus sustaining the theoretical integration. Other significant results revealed developmental trends for some aspects of coping resources and coping styles, and correlations between coping resources and efforts, thereby supporting important conceptualizations in stress-coping theory. Speculations concerning the long-term effects of divorce, differential effects of divorce on boys and girls and recommendations for future investigations are made.

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Olofsson, Emmie. "Adult Children of Divorce : Stress and Well-Being." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172964.

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Parental divorce has not only been associated with negative long-term effects for children of divorce (CD), but also for adult children of divorce (ACD). ACD more often have poorer mental well-being than adult children of marriage (ACM). Neurological research further suggests that ACD have lower baseline levels of the “stress hormone” cortisol. However, research of Swedish ACD is extremely sparsely. Therefore, the study’s aim is to examine the possible long-term effects of Swedish ACD. Do ACD have lower well-being and experience more stress than ACM? A sample of 227 Swedish participants (81 ACD and 146 ACM) were included. The majority (75.7%) were between 18-30 years old, 157 females and 70 males. An online survey including the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale (TSWLS), and questions about the parental divorce was distributed via social media. Independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA analysis were performed to compare ACD’s and ACM’s results. The study found that ACD rated their well-being (satisfaction with the past) (p ≤ .001), and stress (p ≤ .019), significantly lower than ACM. Moreover, female ACD perceived more stress than female ACM (p ≤ .010), and male ACD (p ≤ .015). The group between 10-14-year-old at the time of the divorce rated significantly lower well-being (past) (p ≤ .035). In conclusion, the study suggests that Swedish ACD also suffer from long-term effects of divorce. Future research ought to investigate the matter further.
Skilsmässa har inte bara visat negativa långsiktiga effekter för skilsmässobarn (CD), utan också för vuxna skilsmässobarn (ACD). ACD har oftare ett sämre mentalt välbefinnande än vuxna med gifta föräldrar (ACM). Neurologisk forskning vidare påvisar att ACD också har lägre grundnivåer av ”stresshormonet” kortisol. Forskning kring svenska ACD är extremt sällsynt. Därför är det studiens mål att undersöka de möjliga långsiktiga effekterna av svenska ACD. Har ACD ett längre välbefinnande och upplever mer stress än ACM? Ett urval av 227 svenska deltagare (81 ACD och 146 ACM) var inkluderade. Majoriteten (75.7%) var mellan åldrarna 18-30 år gamla, 157 kvinnor och 70 män. En online enkät innehållandes Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale (TSWLS), och frågor kring skilsmässan distribuerades via sociala medier. Independent t-tests och one-way ANOVA analyser tillämpades för att jämföra ACD:s och ACM:s resultat. Studien fann att ACD uppskattade att deras välbefinnande (tillfredställelse med det förflutna) (p ≤ .001), och stress (p ≤ .019) signifikant längre än ACM. Fortsättningsvis, en signifikant skillnad upptäcktes där kvinnliga ACD upplevde mer stress än kvinnliga ACM (p ≤ .010), och manliga ACD (p ≤ .015). Gruppen mellan åldrarna 10–14 år gamla vid skilsmässan uppgav ett signifikant längre välbefinnande (förflutet) (p ≤ .035). Sammanfattningsvis, studien påvisar att svenska skilsmässobarn också lider av långsiktiga effekter från skilsmässa. Framtida forskning bör undersöka området vidare.

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Moniz, Jennifer Lela. "Confusing Conversations: Assessing Traumatic Stress in Young Children." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1587067693985147.

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Driskill, Gail. "Chronically Ill Children: Maternal Stress and Psychological Symptomatology." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279114/.

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This study used a parenting stress and coping model to identify predictors of symptomatology for 13 8 mothers of medically compromised children. This model proposed that: child characteristics (severity of the chronic illness and child related parenting stressors); parent characteristics (self-esteem, sense of competence, and parents' perceived stress/distress); and environmental characteristics (social support, general life stressor events, and demographic variables) contribute to psychological symptomatology for these mothers. Multiple regression analysis found a relationship between general life stressor events, severity of the children's chronic conditions, lower satisfaction with social support, lower self-esteem, and younger mothers' ages and greater symptomatology. Trends toward significance were found for more parenting stress and lower parenting sense of competence predicting greater symptomatology. Predicted relationships between family socioeconomic status and parenting daily hassles and symptomatology were not supported.

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Springer, Verlene. "Family Stress Factors and Behavior Problems of Children." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332225/.

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This study examined the relationship among the factors of parental stress, marital adjustment, life event stress, and behavior problems of children and whether the sources and levels of parental stress, marital adjustment, and life event stress differed among families of children with . behavior problems and families whose children did not experience behavior problems. The subjects for this study were 60 mothers and their children from the North Texas metropolitan area chosen from two populations. Group I was composed of mothers of 30 children referred to a university related counseling center for behavior problems. Group II was composed of 30 mothers of children identified as not experiencing difficulty. Each mother completed the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), Short Marital Adjustment Test (SMAT), and Social Readjustment Rating Questionnaire (SRRQ). Hotellings T tests were used to determine whether the groups differed on sources and levels of parenting stress, marital adjustment, and life event stress. The groups differed significantly on the variables of sources and levels of parenting stress but not on marital adjustment or life event stress. The multiple regression technique was used to determine which variable or combination of variables would predict group membership. Parenting stress was found to be the best predictor of group membership. Based on this study, mothers who have a child with behavior problems do have an increased level of parenting stress. This increased level of stress is related to characteristics of their child and to their own personal characteristics. Those mothers who experience increased levels of parenting stress do not experience significantly less satisfaction in their marriages nor do their children experience more stressful life events than other children.

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Liddell, Max. "Protecting children or reluctant parenting? : themes in child welfare history in Victoria from 1970 to 2000." Monash University, Dept. of Social Work, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5865.

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Olofsson, Emmie. "Are Children to Divorced Parents Worse at Managing Stress? Task-Switching Performance and Induced Stress for Adult Children of Marriage and Divorce." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184811.

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Prior research shows that adult children of divorce (ACD) exhibit higher levels of perceived stress than adult children of marriage (ACM), and thus, potentially lower tolerance to stress. The comparison of ACD/ACM in Sweden has not been sufficiently studied. Hence, the present study aims to examine stress management among ACD and ACM, in terms of cognitive performance under different levels of induced stress, and how it correlates to self-ratings of stress. The final sample consisted of 101 adult participants (39 ACD and 62 ACM), and the mean age was 28 years old (41 males and 60 females). The result showed no difference in stress management between ACD and ACM, and their cognitive performance was not positively correlated with self-ratings of stress. However, ACD had a faster response time (RT) in all tests, even though this difference was not significant. At this time, ACD and ACM experience equally high levels of stress, as the Covid-19 pandemic might have influenced the outcome. Future research should collect more data of ACD in Sweden of other measurements of stress.
Tidigare forskning visar att vuxna skilsmässobarn (ACD) uppvisar högre nivåer av upplevd stress än vuxna med gifta föräldrar (ACM), och skulle därför potentiellt ha lägre stresstolerans. Jämförelsen mellan ACD/ACM i Sverige har inte blivit tillräckligt studerad. Därför har denna studie som mål att undersöka stresshantering bland ACD/ACM, i form av kognitiv prestanda under olika nivåer av inducerad stress, och hur det korrelerar till självskattningar av stress. Det slutgiltiga deltagarurvalet bestod av 101 myndiga deltagare (39 ACD och 62 ACM), varav medelåldern var 28 år, (41 män och 60 kvinnor). Resultatet visar att det inte var några signifikanta skillnader i stresshantering mellan ACD och ACM, och var inte positivt korreleradtill självskattningar av stress. Men, ACD hade en snabbare responstid (RT) i samtliga tester trots att resultatet inte var signifikant. Just nu, upplever ACD och ACM lika höga nivåer av stress, då Covid-19 pandemin kan ha influerat resultatet. Framtida forskning borde samla in mer data kring ACD i Sverige från andra mätningar av stress.

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Santana-Wynn, Jari. "Acculturation Stress of Immigrant Latino Children: A narrative investigation." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1272815276.

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Waller, Jeanne Rene. "Stress factors on adult children caring for elderly parents /." View online, 1986. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211130498071.pdf.

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Lindahl, Norberg Annika. "Stress and coping in parents of children with cancer /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-078-8/.

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Fitzgerald, Michèle Bordeleau. "The production of contrastive stress by hearing-impaired children." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41542.

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The production of contrastive stress was studied in normal-hearing and severely and profoundly hearing-impaired children. A picture description task was used to elicit utterances. Contrastive stress was assigned by changing one element in the second and third pictures in sets of three pictures. Stress production was assessed perceptually and acoustically. The normal-hearing and the severely hearing-impaired children were judged to have consistently stressed the element that was changed in the pictures. Some of the profoundly hearing-impaired subjects were judged to have stressed the changed element more often than chance but some did not perform above chance. Acoustic measurements indicated that only the normal-hearing speakers significantly varied both duration and fundamental frequency when stressing words while some of the hearing-impaired children varied only duration. These findings were interpreted as indicating that profoundly hearing-impaired speakers had difficulty producing recognizable contrastive stress and showed deviations in the duration and fundamental frequency of their utterances.

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蔡志華 and Chi-wah Choi. "Stress and coping strategies of parents with epileptic children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249413.

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Meadows, Amy Lynn. "Stress, serotonin transporter genotype, and emotion processing in children." [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-12092008-143947/.

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Choi, Chi-wah. "Stress and coping strategies of parents with epileptic children /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13744562.

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Conte, Deborah A. (Deborah Ann). "Differences in Parenting Stress Between Parents of Children with ADHD, Children with Internalizing Behavior Problems, and Non-Referred Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278890/.

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Recently, researchers have begun to explore the associated impacts of ADHD on parent and family functioning, with an increasing focus on parenting stress. Accumulating empirical evidence is mixed, suggesting that parents of children with ADHD report increased levels of parenting stress when compared to parents of children with learning disabilities, and parents of non-referred children, but report equally stressful parenting levels when compared to parents of children with externalizing behavior problems. Results of the present study comparing reported parenting stress levels between parents of children with ADHD, children with internalizing behavior problems, and nonreferred children, were partially supportive of results found in past studies indicating higher levels of parenting stress among parents of children with ADHD. However, strong gender effects were found between mothers and fathers, which mediated the overall results.

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Adams, Karen. "Koori kids and otitis media prevention in Victoria." 2007. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2371.

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Otitis media and consequent hearing loss are known to be high in Koori communities. Previous research on otitis media in Koori communities has focused on its identification, treatment and management. Little research has focused on the prevention of otitis media. Victorian Aboriginal communities often have small populations which result in small sample sizes for research projects. Consequently use of traditional quantitative methods to measure of change arising from health interventions can be problematic. The aim of the research was to describe Koori children’s otitis media risk factors using a Koori research method in order to develop, implement and evaluate preventative interventions.

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Butler, Rose. "In fairness we trust : children making sense of economic insecurity." Phd thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/155820.

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This thesis examines a series of social and emotional strategies undertaken by children to cope with social situations that arise through economic insecurity. Drawing on 18 months fieldwork in regional Victoria with children, parents and two school communities, I argue that children in this cultural environment make sense of economic insecurity through the re-appropriation of cultural narratives of "fairness". I distill four sets of strategies that children develop and enact in order to cultivate and sustain feelings of belonging when faced with situations of economic uncertainty. I call these practices Going Without, Staying Within, Cutting Down and Managing Stigma, and show how each is distinctively tied to cultural ideas around fairness. As I evidence, these strategies are shaped by children's own experiences of classed and racialised identities, cultural constructions of stigma, and the socio-cultural, political and economic environment in which they live. Through this analysis, I show how cultural narratives around fairness, recreated by children in different social spaces of everyday life, provide an avenue through which to repatriate feelings of envy and sustain meaningful relationships with others. Furthermore, I demonstrate ways in which such actions, while generating forms of inclusion, potentially recreate boundaries of exclusion in children's social worlds. More broadly, I argue that children's understandings of economic insecurity in post-industrial contexts are deeply tied to the dominant cultural narratives that underpin their lives. I contend that such narratives intersect with market-based imperatives, neoliberal articulations of childhood, and the culture-making practices of children's own collectively-focused peer group interactions. In making sense of economic insecurity, children must strategically balance these interests as they both compete and converge, in ways that generate and sustain feelings of belonging. By focusing on children's uses of "fairness" in this local context, I further bring to light the overt and subtle social and emotional impacts of broad economic restructuring on children and parents in Australia. The ethnographic focus here moves between the collective worlds of children and the private lives of their families, illuminating how market-driven global and state changes in education and employment are negotiated and absorbed in relationships between children, their peers and their parents. As I demonstrate, these structural and social transformations surface in daily life through dilemmas over care, dignity and belonging. The ways in which children use the cultural resources available to manage such experiences forms the subject of this thesis.

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Ferran, Alexander Mari-Ann. "Chronic stress and obesity in children." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-4159.

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Childhood obesity has been prevalent for a number of years despite programs designed to educate children and families on healthy diets and activities. Multiple disciplines have reported chronic stress can interfere with normal neuroendocrine functions in the body which include energy balance. Research into alternate mechanisms contributing to childhood obesity is just beginning to include psychosocial factors’ and their influence on biology. Healthy coping strategies can reduce the effects of stress and influence perceptions of what is stressful. Warm, secure relationships with parents, family connectedness, and a secure stable environment all contribute to the buffering of chronic stress as well as promote the ability to cope with stress. Through the years, changes in the family environment through divorce, single parenthood, and cohabitation may play a role in the child’s ability to cope with stress. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore relationships between the child’s perceptions of chronic stress, coping strategies, family connectedness, family characteristics, and weight in 4th and 5th grade children. This study used a cross sectional and correlational design. The conceptual framework guiding this study was the Bio-Psycho-Social Model for Health integrating the three dimensions (biological, psychological, and sociological) as they relate to obesity in children. Well established instruments were used to measure chronic stress, coping, family connectedness, and weight. Results did not reveal a relationship between chronic stress and children’s weights. The ‘frequency the family sat down to eat dinner together’ was significantly related to weight: the more dinners together the lower the body mass indices and accounted for 14.7% variance in children’s body mass indices. Frequency of family meals was also correlated with the frequency of cooking dinner and negative trending of both ‘frequency’ and ‘helpfulness’ of coping strategies: possibly suggesting less need for the coping strategies. Parents’ education was positively correlated with more sleep on school nights for children. The findings suggest the importance of family time together is related to lower body mass indices in children.
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Almeida, Ana Laura Martins Leite de. "Oxidative stress and exercise in children." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/113690.

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Almeida, Ana Laura Martins Leite de. "Oxidative stress and exercise in children." Dissertação, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/113690.

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37

"Posttraumatic stress disorder in children: Relationship between parental stress, chronic stress exposure, and HPA-axis dysregulation." Tulane University, 2003.

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This study examines the relation between trauma, HPA-Axis dysregulation and PTSD symptoms as moderated by exposure to chronic life stress and parental stress. Sixty-three children and their parents participated in the study. Participants ranged in age from 7 to 14 years and were predominantly African-American. It was hypothesized (1) that there would be a significant positive relation between the number of traumatic events experienced and PTSD symptoms, and that this relationship would be moderated by both chronic stress and parental stress, such that as stress increased so would PTSD symptoms; and (2) that there would be a significant relation between exposure to trauma and HPA-Axis dysregulation, as measured by cortisol level, such that cortisol levels would show greater dysregulation under conditions of high trauma exposure than under conditions of low trauma exposure, and that this relationship would be moderated by both chronic stress and parental stress. Results revealed that children in the present sample endorsed high exposure to trauma and generally low cortisol levels, although trauma was not directly related to cortisol levels. Chronic stress moderated the relation between trauma and PTSD symptoms, such that as chronic stress increased, so did PTSD symptoms. Parental stress moderated the relation between trauma and PM cortisol, such that as parental stress increased, PM cortisol decreased. Additionally, chronic stress by parental stress moderated the relation between trauma and PTSD symptoms, as well as the relation between trauma and PM cortisol. Findings are interpreted within a psychobiological framework and suggest distinct biological processes for traumatic stress versus stress
acase@tulane.edu

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Nelson, Emma Jane. "Present-day stress in Central and Southeast Australian sedimentary basins." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/45071.

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This thesis consists of six published papers. The present-day stress tensor has been determined using petroleum well data in the Gippsland and Otway Basins in Southeast Australia (Papers 1 and 4) and the Cooper Basin in Central Australia (Paper 5). In the Gippsland Basin, the present-day stress regime is transitional between one of reverse and strike-slip faulting and the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) is oriented ~139°N. The present-day stress regime in the Victorian sector of the Otway Basin is also transitional between one of reverse and strike-slip faulting and SHmax is oriented ~135°N. Horizontal stresses are lower in the South Australian sector of the Otway Basin where the stress regime is one of strike-slip faulting and SHmax is oriented ~124°N. The orientations of SHmax in Southeast Australia are consistent with focal mechanism solutions, neotectonic structures and modelling of plate-boundary forces (Paper 4). Closure pressures from mini-frac injection tests are commonly used to determine the minimum horizontal stress (Shmin) magnitude. However, in high stress basins such as the Cooper and Gippsland Basins, these pressures may not reliably yield Shmin (Papers 2 and 5). In the Cooper Basin, high closure pressures (>18 MPa/km) were observed in tests where pressure-declines indicated complex hydraulic fracture growth. Closure pressures in these injections are unlikely to be representative of Shmin. They are believed to reflect the normal stress incident on pre-existing planes of weakness that are exploited by hydraulic fluid during the mini-frac injection (Paper 5). Sub-horizontal fabrics that are open at the wellbore wall were observed on image logs in the Cooper and Gippsland Basins (Papers 2 and 5). This fabric is believed to be at least partially responsible for the complex growth of hydraulic fractures observed in the Cooper Basin. The occurrence of these sub-horizontal fabrics and knowledge of rock strength have been used to constrain the magnitudes of SHmax and Shmin independently of mini-frac injections in the Cooper and Gippsland Basins (Papers 2 and 5). The present-day stress tensor is often quoted as a single gradient at a sedimentary basinor petroleum field-scale. Image logs and mini-frac data from Central and Southeast Australia indicate significant stress differences between stratigraphic units (Papers 3 and 5). Finite element modelling of the stress distribution between interbedded sands and shales in the Gippsland Basin indicates that stress is ‘partitioned’ to ‘hard’ lithological units in high stress areas. This accounts for the observation that borehole breakout only occurs in hard, cemented sandstones in the Gippsland Basin (Paper 3). A generic ‘mechanical stratigraphy’ derived from knowledge of wellbore failure (from image logs), rock strength and rock properties in individual rock units in the Cooper Basin allows an approximation of the present-day stress-state to be made directly from image-logs for individual rock units prior to mini-frac injection (Paper 6). This is important for predicting and understanding hydraulic fracture growth and containment. When considered together, the papers comprising this thesis provide significant new data on the orientation and magnitude of present-day stresses in Central and Southeast Australia. They also provide insight into the tectonic origin of those stresses and their distribution within sedimentary basins. In particular the papers develop and use new methods for constraining the present-day stress in regions of high tectonic stress. They also discuss implications for problems in petroleum development including wellbore stability and hydraulic fracturing.
http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1283781
Thesis(Ph.D.) -- Australian School of Petroleum, 2007

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39

Nelson, Emma Jane. "Present-day stress in Central and Southeast Australian sedimentary basins." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/45071.

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Abstract:

This thesis consists of six published papers. The present-day stress tensor has been determined using petroleum well data in the Gippsland and Otway Basins in Southeast Australia (Papers 1 and 4) and the Cooper Basin in Central Australia (Paper 5). In the Gippsland Basin, the present-day stress regime is transitional between one of reverse and strike-slip faulting and the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) is oriented ~139°N. The present-day stress regime in the Victorian sector of the Otway Basin is also transitional between one of reverse and strike-slip faulting and SHmax is oriented ~135°N. Horizontal stresses are lower in the South Australian sector of the Otway Basin where the stress regime is one of strike-slip faulting and SHmax is oriented ~124°N. The orientations of SHmax in Southeast Australia are consistent with focal mechanism solutions, neotectonic structures and modelling of plate-boundary forces (Paper 4). Closure pressures from mini-frac injection tests are commonly used to determine the minimum horizontal stress (Shmin) magnitude. However, in high stress basins such as the Cooper and Gippsland Basins, these pressures may not reliably yield Shmin (Papers 2 and 5). In the Cooper Basin, high closure pressures (>18 MPa/km) were observed in tests where pressure-declines indicated complex hydraulic fracture growth. Closure pressures in these injections are unlikely to be representative of Shmin. They are believed to reflect the normal stress incident on pre-existing planes of weakness that are exploited by hydraulic fluid during the mini-frac injection (Paper 5). Sub-horizontal fabrics that are open at the wellbore wall were observed on image logs in the Cooper and Gippsland Basins (Papers 2 and 5). This fabric is believed to be at least partially responsible for the complex growth of hydraulic fractures observed in the Cooper Basin. The occurrence of these sub-horizontal fabrics and knowledge of rock strength have been used to constrain the magnitudes of SHmax and Shmin independently of mini-frac injections in the Cooper and Gippsland Basins (Papers 2 and 5). The present-day stress tensor is often quoted as a single gradient at a sedimentary basinor petroleum field-scale. Image logs and mini-frac data from Central and Southeast Australia indicate significant stress differences between stratigraphic units (Papers 3 and 5). Finite element modelling of the stress distribution between interbedded sands and shales in the Gippsland Basin indicates that stress is ‘partitioned’ to ‘hard’ lithological units in high stress areas. This accounts for the observation that borehole breakout only occurs in hard, cemented sandstones in the Gippsland Basin (Paper 3). A generic ‘mechanical stratigraphy’ derived from knowledge of wellbore failure (from image logs), rock strength and rock properties in individual rock units in the Cooper Basin allows an approximation of the present-day stress-state to be made directly from image-logs for individual rock units prior to mini-frac injection (Paper 6). This is important for predicting and understanding hydraulic fracture growth and containment. When considered together, the papers comprising this thesis provide significant new data on the orientation and magnitude of present-day stresses in Central and Southeast Australia. They also provide insight into the tectonic origin of those stresses and their distribution within sedimentary basins. In particular the papers develop and use new methods for constraining the present-day stress in regions of high tectonic stress. They also discuss implications for problems in petroleum development including wellbore stability and hydraulic fracturing.
Thesis(Ph.D.) -- Australian School of Petroleum, 2007

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Tsai, Fang-Ju, and 蔡芳茹. "Correlates of Maternal Stress among Delayed Development Children." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29212632422755456621.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
公共衛生碩士學位學程
101
Objects: This study was aimed to investigate the sources of maternal stress and the correlates among children with development delay. Method: There were hundred and ten women randomly selected from whom had children with developmental delay among two to six years old and were willing to participate in this study in an early intervention center. The data were collected by current and one self-investigated self-administered questionnaires. Major variables were mother personal factors, children factors, family factors, and self-awareness stresses scores reported by the mother. This study result was based on the statistics from SPSS. Results: This study showed that the highest level of stress for the mothers with development delay children was the burden of taking care of a child (Mean=3.2) and couple difficulties (Mean=3.2). Numbers of children under fifteen yeas old, mental and physical health measured by BSRS-5 scores were significantly correlated with self-awareness stresses scores reported by the mother. Conclusions: This study suggested two points of view as follows. 1. There should be more attention paid to mothers who had several children under fifteen yeas old, or who had poor physical and mental health conditions as priority subjects. 2. The skills on taking care of children and dealing the couple relationship should be advised from professional. The emotional support to these subjects on lessening their stress should be provided as well.

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Cook, Ryan. "Fundamental motor development and physical activity levels of kindergarten children in School District 61 Victoria, BC." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4153.

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Currently one-quarter of Canadian children are meeting the minimal Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) daily. These alarming data suggest there is an urgent need to examine factors associated with children’s engagement in physical activity. Motor skill proficiency is associated with time spent in MVPA and predictive of participation in organized sport among adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between motor skills and physical activity of children in their first year of school. As gender-based differences in motor skill proficiency and physical activity are common, the influence of gender was also examined. Motor skills were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development – 2 and physical activity measured with accelerometers (Actigraph GT1M). Of the 106 (mean age = 6y3m) consented kindergarten children, 58% met the accelerometer wear-time inclusion criteria of 10 hours per day on at least 4 days. A MANCOVA revealed no significant gender based differences in motor skills or physical activity; therefore subsequent analyses included all children. Mastery of individual components of each skill as a percentage, were 54.1% of locomotor and 42.3% of object control skills. Using a cut-point of 4 metabolic equivalents, all of the children achieved 60-minutes of daily and weekday MVPA, and 82% of children achieved 60-minutes per day on the weekend. Both object control and locomotor skills were significantly related to the intensity of recorded activity. However, linear regression revealed that total motor skills predicted more variance in MVPA (9%) than either locomotor skills or object control skills independently. The findings of this study reveal that the kindergarten children engaged in MVPA at a rate equivalent to, or higher than, the minimum recommendations for Canadian children. However, motor skill proficiency was somewhat low. Children’s motor skill proficiency predicted a small, but significant, proportion of children’s physical activity.
Graduate

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Theule, Jennifer. "Predicting Parenting Stress in Families of Children with ADHD." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/24894.

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This dissertation consists of two studies that investigated predictors of parenting stress as they relate to child ADHD. Two main questions were explored: what is the magnitude of the association between child ADHD and parenting stress, and what are the parent and contextual predictors of parenting stress? In Study 1, meta-analyses were conducted on the association between parenting stress and ADHD. Predictors comprising child, parent, and contextual factors, and methodological and demographic moderators of the relationship between parenting stress and ADHD were examined. Findings from 44 studies were included. In Study 2, I examined parent and contextual (parental ADHD symptoms, parental education, social support, and marital status) predictors of parent domain parenting stress (parental distress) as a function of teacher-reported child ADHD symptoms. Results confirmed that parents of children with ADHD experience more parenting stress than parents of nonclinical control children, and that severity of child ADHD symptoms are associated with parenting stress. Child oppositionality was only predictive of parental distress when reported by parents (not teachers). A post-hoc analysis in Study 2 showed that child factors did not predict parental distress over and above parent and contextual factors. In Study 1, children’s co-occurring conduct problems and parental depressive symptomatology predicted parenting stress. Little difference in parenting stress was found between mothers and fathers, but lower parenting stress levels were found in samples with higher proportions of girls. Parental ADHD symptomatology was the strongest predictor of parental distress considered in Study 2. Social support was inversely related to parental distress in Study 2, whereas parental age and education were unrelated to parental distress. In Study 2, marital status was significantly correlated with parental distress, but was not a significant predictor in the regression. Marital quality was not a significant predictor of parenting stress in Study 1. The large effects observed for parent level predictors suggests that parent factors (i.e., ADHD and depressive symptoms) are critically important in parenting stress and play a primary role in the experience of elevated parenting stress. Future research should give greater consideration to factors outside of the child in increasing parenting stress.

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Lin, An-Li, and 林安麗. "Stress and Coping in Siblings of Children with Leukemia." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18227365134765497516.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
護理學研究所
88
The objective of this study is to investigate the stress and coping behaviors among siblings of children with Leukemia. The study is designed to be a descriptive qualitative approach. The in-depth level interview with the 22 cases were conduct by the semi-structure interview guide and kinetic family drawing (KFD). Each interview takes 30 to 90 minutes. The tape-recorded data were transcribed into narrative form. By means of content analysis, the stress and coping behaviors were categorized and identified. After quantifying the qualitative data, We coded 1776 behavior units. There are three major categories of stress: family relationship 46.6%, patients'' illness 35.8%, and school life 17.6%, respectively. The stress from family relationship includes the change of parents'' role function, family interaction, and lifestyle adjustment. The stress from patients'' illness comprises the change of patients'' disease, explanation of disease causation, and disease telling. The stress from school life includes school performance and the relationship with teachers and peers. There are three categories of coping behavior: cognitive operation 60.4%, adjustment behavior 20.1%, and evaluation behavior 19.5%, respectively. Cognitive operation contains data collecting behavior, expecting behavior, and identifying behavior. Adjusting behavior comprises approaching behavior, avoiding behavior and modifying behavior. Evaluating behavior includes positive and negative evaluation behavior. The siblings’ stress and coping behavior were influenced by their age and the phase of therapy protocol of the diseased children. The finding of this research may provide references of clinical nursing, help nurses understand the siblings of children with Leukemia, and provide appropriate family-centered nursing care to those who have a Leukemia child. The finding can also help the siblings to cope with the stress situation and pass the important development stage of their life smoothly.

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Hsiao, Li-Ling, and 蕭麗玲. "Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Children: After the 921 Earthquake." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09687158087728375312.

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碩士
國立屏東師範學院
教育心理與輔導研究所
88
The purpose of the study was to investigate the factors that were related to children’s posttraumatic stress symptoms and psychological mobidity. These factors included exposure to traumatic events, social support , coping style and personality dispositions. A questionnaire was constructed to survey 924 elementary school-age children six months after the 921 earthquake. The self-reported scales assessed PTSD symptoms, exposure to events, coping style, social support, personality traits, depression and anxiety. The study found that(1) the seriousness of PTSD was strongly related to the degree of home damage;(2) neuroticsim was the best predictors of PTSD, depress and anxiety 6 month after the 921. Earthquake; and (3)negative coping may lead equally to PTSD, depress, and amxiety.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stress in children Victoria'

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