Journal articles: 'Stress in children – Bangladesh'

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Biswas, Happy Bandana, Nujjaree Chaimongkol, and Yunee Pongjaturawit. "Factors Associated with Mothers’ Perceived Quality of Life among Young Children with Pneumonia in Dhaka, Bangladesh." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 3, no. 4 (September 1, 2019): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v3i4.102.

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Objective: This study aimed to examine factors associated with quality of life among young children with pneumonia. A simple random sampling was used to recruit a sample of 100 mothers of young Bangladeshi children with pneumonia admitted in pediatric wards at the Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to March 2014.Materials and Methods: Research instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the perceived severity of illness’ scale, the Parenting Stress Index and the quality of life scale for Pneumonia Module. Their reliability were .79, .91 and .77, respectively. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA.Results: Results revealed that mean total score of quality of life of the children with pneumonia was 50.05 (S.D. = 11.11), and at a moderate level. There was a significant relationship between maternal stress and quality of life of pneumonia children (r = -.48, p < .01). However, there was no relationship between perceived severity of illness and quality of life. No significant difference of quality of life of pneumonia children was also found between levels of maternal education and yes/no co-morbidity.Conclusion: These findings indicate that maternal stress is a significant factor. Pediatric nurses and related health care providers should plan and intervene to lessen stress of the mothers, and that would result in increasing quality of life of young children with pneumonia.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 04 October’19 Page : 196-200

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Rayhan, Md Golam, Mohammad Nurunnabi, Shahnaz Kabir, and Badrul Alam. "Mental Stress of Parents Having Thalassemic Children." KYAMC Journal 13, no. 2 (September 5, 2022): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v13i2.61340.

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Background: Thalassaemia is an emerging global public health concern. It is considering as a rapidly growing major health burden for low- and middle income countries. The prevalence of thalassaemia is increasing in Bangladesh, indicates that thalassemia will be an emerging health burden for our country. Objective: To assess the level of mental stress among parents with a thalassemic child. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the 141 parents with a thalassemic child in the purposively selected two hospitals’ Dhaka Shishu Hospital and Bangladesh Thalassemia Hospital in Dhaka. ‘Parental stress scale’ (PSS) was used to measure the level of stress. Results: The mean age of the parents was 36.2±8.8 years and nearly two-thirds (63.8%) of them were aged below 40 years. Almost half of the participants (49.6%) and their spouses (59.6%) completed their education upto the higher secondary level. The mean monthly family income was 27,113.5±46,696.9 taka. More than half of the parent’s (53.2%) had low level of mental stress. The education, occupation, monthly family income, presence of >1 thalassaemic child in family, received blood from a voluntary blood donor, normal growth of thalassaemic child and history of thalassaemic child death were significantly associated with the level of mental stress by PSS scores of the parents (p<0.05). The level of stress was low among the parents, whose educational level was up to primary level (68.6%), occupation as a business (68.4%), monthly family income ≥50,001 taka (85.7%), presence of >1 beta thalassaemia major child (47.6%), received blood from a voluntary blood donor (50.0%), had a history of normal growth of thalassaemic child (60.4%) and had no history of thalassaemic child death (50.0%). Conclusion: Existence of the children with thalassemia in a family cause massive stress and anxiety for parents. Psychological supports for them are essential as a part of comprehensive medical care along with clinical management of the thalassemic child. The burden of disease can be reduced through effective preventive approaches, such as carrier screening, prenatal counseling and diagnosis. KYAMC Journal Vol. 13, No. 02, July 2022: 102-107

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Mobarak, R. "Predictors of Stress in Mothers of Children With Cerebral Palsy in Bangladesh." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 25, no. 6 (September 1, 2000): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/25.6.427.

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Siddiqui, Aesha Farheen. "Sociodemographic profile of families with mentally retarded children and its relation to stress." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 13, no. 4 (September 27, 2014): 378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i4.20551.

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Background: Families dealing with mentally retarded children undergo stress. Sociodemographic factors play a role in stress and coping mechanisms. This paper highlighting on stress and its relation with demographic variables of families with mentally retarded children is a part of a broader study on stress and coping in families with mentally retarded children. Objectives: 1. Study the sociodemographic profile of families with mentally retarded children. 2. Study the association of stress with sociodemographic variables. Material and methods: A cross sectional study was done on hundred families of mentally retarded children enrolled in special schools at Indore. Sampling procedure was convenience sampling. The study tool was a validated, pretested instrument called as the Family interview for stress and coping in mental retardation, (FISC-MR). Results: Families were found to be suffering from stress. The stress ranged from mild to severe, however it was not significantly associated with the sociodemographic variables except with maternal education level. Conclusion: Families of mentally retarded children undergo stress. Socio-demographic factors play a role in the development of stress in families with mentally retarded children.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i4.20551 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.13(4) 2014 p.378-382

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Islam, Md Ziaul, Sharmin Farjana, and Runa Shahnaz. "Stress among Parents of Children with Mental Retardation." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2013): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i1.13354.

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Mental retardation is one of the most prevalent developmental disabilities of the children globally. Family is the main source of support for those disable children in any society. Parents experience enormous physical and mental stress to tackle the mentally retarded children. This present comparative cross-sectional study tried to compare difference of mental and physical stress between the parents of children with mental retardation and the parents of children with no mental retardation. It included 220 parents, 110 of whom had children with mental retardation and another 110 parents of children with no mental retardation. To assess stress, A Quick Stress Assessment Test (QSAT) (Vaz, 1995) was used, which comprised two parts: physical and mental, former with 19 items and latter with 21 items. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS software. To check differences of stress scores and gender differences of stress,t test and ?2 tests were applied as required. The study revealed that the parents of children with mental retardation (PCMR) shared significantly greater stress score (34.27) than the parents of children with no mental retardation (PCNR) (21.66), [t(218)= 2.63, p=0.001]. Mental stress score was significantly higher among PCMR (33.57) than the PCNR (26.46) [t(218)= 3.87; p=0.002] while physical stress score was insignificantly higher among PCMR (20.43) than the PCNR (18.66). Majority of the parents with mentally retarded children (71.4% mothers and 67.5% fathers) had higher mental stress than physical stress [?2 (1)=22 43, p=0.024]. Mothers had significantly higher mental stress score than the fathers of mentally retarded children [t(109), p=0.025]. Special measures like early diagnosis, prompt treatment and counseling for mental and physical stress of the parents along with provision of need based rehabilitation services for the mentally retarded children at different levels to reduce the stress burden of their parents. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i1.13354 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 01 January13 pp.74-80

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Bakchi, Jhantu, Satyajit Kundu, Subarna Ghosh, and Sumaiya Akter. "Intimate Partner Violence in Bangladesh: A Scoping Review." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 9, no. 3 (September 4, 2020): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v9i3.48913.

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Introduction: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) has unfavorable consequences for women as well as for newborn babies, which is very serious and preventable public health problem. It is believed to have an excessive occurrence in lives of women in South Asia. The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence, risk factors and consequences of IPV in Bangladesh. Methods: A scoping review was carried out based on the past 12 years of posted and gray literature about IPV in Bangladesh using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. Only the literature addressing abuses or violence in households or outside including physical, sexual or mental violence on the married woman in Bangladesh were taken into consideration for the study. Results: The overall prevalence of IPV in Bangladesh, the latest reviews of rates ranging from 15.5-82.7%.Most of the IPV in Bangladesh was based totally on the experience of legally married women. The main risk factors of IPV in Bangladesh were women being younger, from lower socioeconomic reputation, from lower academic attainment and lower education of husband, dowry, child marriage, perceived disobedience of wives, family conflict, children had recently been ill, and incapability of to furnish sexual satisfaction. Maternal depressive symptoms, signs of stress, anxiety and constraint to the better health of young children are the main consequences of IPV in Bangladesh. Besides, IPV causes unwanted pregnancy, pregnancy loss in the form of miscarriage, induced abortion, or stillbirth and termination of pregnancy in Bangladesh. Conclusions: Woman’s empowerment may reduce IPV and understanding attitudes towards IPV in cultural context could be crucial for developing interventions to reduce IPV and its consequences.

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Chowdhury, Md Shakhawat Hossain, Md Ziaul Islam, Mhabubur Rahman Bhuiyan, Ahmed Rafi, and Abdullah Al Kawsar. "Parenting Stress and Coping Capacity Linked with Quality of Life among Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 15, no. 1 (August 20, 2020): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v15i1.48642.

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Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is prevalent globally. Fundamental impairment of communication and social interactions are common features of ASD children. Parents of autistic children experience parenting differently with severe physical and psychological problems involved and suffer from higher parenting stress which ultimately influence their quality of life. Empowering parents of children with autism for use of available social support, to get assistance of coping strategies and to promote self confidence of odd feelings are essential for enabling the parents to improve their quality of life by reducing theirstress. Objectives: To assess the link of parenting stress and coping capacity with quality of life among the parents whose children suffer from autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to help the government and relevant organizations take the required steps to improve the living conditions of the parents of children having ASD. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was executed from July 2016 to June 2017 among 175 parents whose children have autism spectrum disorder. Data were collected by in-person interview method with systematic random sampling followed by semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Majority (48.6%) of the parents were between 31 to 40 years of age and mean (±SD) age of the parents was 37.75 ±8.04 with the range of 21-64 years. Most (53.7%) of the parents were female. Majority of the parents (42.9%) were educated up to graduation level and (72.0%) were service holders. Most (93.1%) parents were from urban areas and (92.6%) parents were represents from nuclear family. Majority parents (55.4%) had 2 children and most (70.9%) children have noticed their first symptom at the age of 2 and maximum (47.4%) children were identified with ASD at three years of age. Maximum (62.9%) family had monthly income of Tk. 20001-50000 and majority children (77.1%) were diagnosed in different government hospitals. Conclusion: Considering the fact that ASD is a mushrooming public health problem in Bangladesh, widespread prior diagnostic facilities are needed to be made available all over the country especially in peri-urban and urban areas, to measure the parenting stress and identify ways of coping capacity for improving lives of parents whose children have ASD. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.15 (1) 2019: 48-54

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Mohiuddin, Zebunnesa, Md Mahmudul Haque, and Sk Akhtar Ahmad. "Parenting Stress of Mothers Having Children with Thalassemia." Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 38, no. 2 (June 28, 2020): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jopsom.v38i2.47861.

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Background: Parents of children with thalassemia faces numerous challenges while coping various problems arises from the disease. Objective: The study was conductedto assess parenting stress of the mothers having children with thalassemia. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted amongmothers having children with thalassemia. A total of 253 mothers were included in this study conveniently.Data were collected by face to face interview by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysiswere done by SPSS software. Level of stress was measured by using a modified parenting stress scale. The study was carried out during January to December 2016. Place and period of study: This study was conducted in International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka Shishu Hospital thalassemia center, Thalassemia foundation hospital and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Results: The study revealed that 25-34 years age group was more (83.4%). Majorityofthemothers was Muslim (97%), married (95%), educated up to SSC (64%), house wife (87%). Average monthly family income of the mothers was 26257 BDT and most of them were living in nuclear family (68%). Majority of the mothers had 2 children (82.2%), maximum was within 1-10 years age group (65.2%) and bearingchild within 15-24 years (64%). Most of the mothers had male children (63%), received antenatal checkup (84%) and normal delivery (70%) at hospital (58%). Complication during pregnancy was found in few mothers (15%) and included malnutrition with anemia. Majority of the children were diagnosed thalassemia within 2 years of age (79.8%) and physical complications included reduced hemoglobin level and physical activity. Few thalassemic children had splenectomy (13%), majority of the children’s condition was not improved (72%). Most of the respondents visited hospital once in a month (46%). Among all mothers, few had social support (28%) and greater part received financial support (84%). Majority of the mothers faced moderate level stress (52.2%). Mean of parenting stress was 40.16(±8.07). Minimum and maximum score of parenting stress was 22 and 59 respectively. Conclusion: The parents having children with Thalassemia are burdened and under stress because of the chronic nature of the illness. All the findings suggests that time decisions with proper psychological supports and appropriate managements system can overcome the long term sufferings of the patients and thus reduce the stress of parents. JOPSOM 2019; 38(2): 22-29

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Arif, Mohammad, MM Towhidul Islam, and Hossain Uddin Shekhar. "Lead induced oxidative DNA damage in battery-recycling child workers from Bangladesh." Toxicology and Industrial Health 34, no. 4 (March 8, 2018): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233717754163.

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Lead exposure can damage cells directly by effecting DNA or indirectly by modifying proteins and enzymes. In Bangladesh, many working children are exposed to a very high level of lead during their early life due to their involvement with lead-oriented professions. This imposes a severe threat to the growth and development of the children. Therefore to study the effect of lead, we enrolled 60 age-matched male children, from an area of old Dhaka city, where battery-recycling shops are located, depending on their blood lead concentration. If the children had a plasma lead concentration above the WHO recommended threshold level of 10 µg/dl, we grouped them as test subjects and others as control subjects to determine the effect of lead on different biochemical parameters of the body. Compared to the controls, acculumlation of the lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, increased significantly in test subjects ( p < 0.01). Lead exposure also increased the protein carbonyl content ( p < 0.05) and significantly decreased the plasma glutathione levels of test subjects compared to the controls ( p < 0.05). While comparing the lead-exposed group against controls, it was found that the percentage of damaged DNA, as measured using the Comet assay, significantly increased in tail ( p < 0.01) and decreased in head regions. All of these results suggest that high-plasma lead content may induce an oxidative stress to the study population, which may lead to DNA damage.

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Karim, Tasneem, Mohammad Muhit, Israt Jahan, Claire Galea, Catherine Morgan, Hayley Smithers-Sheedy, Nadia Badawi, and Gulam Khandaker. "Outcome of Community-Based Early Intervention and Rehabilitation for Children with Cerebral Palsy in Rural Bangladesh: A Quasi-Experimental Study." Brain Sciences 11, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091189.

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We evaluated the outcome of a community-based early intervention and habilitation for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Bangladesh. Children registered on the Bangladesh CP Register (BCPR) were recruited in two groups for this study: Group A received a comprehensive six-month long community-based caregiver-led intervention program at the “Shishu Shorgo” (Bengali title, which translates to ‘Children’s Heaven’) Early Intervention and Rehabilitation Centres developed to support participants from the BCPR. Group B received standard care. A quasi-experimental study was conducted. Data were obtained at baseline, at the end of the program (i.e., 6 months), and at a 12-month follow-up. Outcome measures for children included gross motor functional measure (GMFM-66), Communication Function Classification System (CFCS), and Viking Speech Scale (VSS) and, for adult caregivers, the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS 21). Between October 2016 and March 2017, 156 children with CP were recruited (77 in Group A and 79 in Group B). The total score of GMFM-66, CFCS level, and VSS level significantly improved statistically in Group A (p < 0.05 for all) and deteriorated in Group B (p < 0.001, p = 0.095, p = 0.232). The intervention showed promising outcomes particularly for children with CP under five years of age. There is a need for caregiver-led community-based programs for children with CP in LMICs.

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Jahid, Anita. "Unsafe at home: the increased trend of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh." Journal of Adult Protection 24, no. 1 (November 25, 2021): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-08-2021-0027.

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Purpose The pandemic situation has increased the domestic violence rate against women and children significantly around the world. However, it is difficult to measure the accurate rate of increased domestic violence because of restrictions and limited mobility in accessing help and reporting. This paper aims to highlight the current situation of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and domestic violence in Bangladesh. It also states the challenges of the unprecedented situation and how to encounter increasing domestic violence cases. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a viewpoint of the COVID-19 pandemic and domestic violence situation in Bangladesh. Accordingly, this paper includes a comprehensive literature review that summarises related articles and newspapers on domestic violence. Findings Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries to COVID-19 because of its most dense population. Currently, the COVID-19 virus is spreading rapidly in all parts of Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, the COVID-19 pandemic is increasing domestic violence for women and girls. Because of the lockdown, financial stress and livelihood scarcity, domestic violence rates show an increasing tendency that should not be overlooked to ensure the safety and security of women and girls in Bangladesh. Originality/value This paper delivers information about the current situation of COVID-19 in Bangladesh and the challenges of domestic violence that have risen. This paper will be helpful to policymakers, government and non-government officials for developing effective social safety net interventions.

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Mohsena, Masuda, Mahabub Hossain, Barnali Chakraborty, Abdul Bayes, and A. N. Mahfuzur Rahman. "FRAGILE ENVIRONMENT, SEASONALITY AND MATERNAL AND CHILDHOOD UNDERNUTRITION IN BANGLADESH." Journal of Biosocial Science 50, no. 5 (September 18, 2017): 579–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193201700044x.

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SummaryThis study assessed whether agricultural and household incomes were the same across different agro-ecological environments in Bangladesh. An in-depth analysis of the effect of unfavourable ecologies on maternal and child malnutrition was carried out. Data were from a longitudinal data set comprising a nationally representative data sample collected in 2014 and the Food Security Nutrition Surveillance Project (FSNSP) conducted in 2011 and 2012. Anthropometric indices were used to assess the nutritional status of mothers and under-five children. The key variables of interest were food seasonality and geographical location. Data were analysed using the General Linear Model and multinomial and binary logistic regression analysis. Panel data analysis showed that household income was not equal across agro-ecological zones, indicating that the fragility of the environment affects a household’s ability to access food, and thus the nutritional status of mothers and children. Coastal areas of Bangladesh were found to be less dependent on agriculture, particularly cultivation, which had diminished during last few decades.Per capitaincome has been increasing in coastal areas of Bangladesh, led by remittance (money sent home by migrant workers) growing at 8% per year against 6% in other areas. Regression analysis showed that a household in a coastal zone earned 19% less than one in more favourable zones. Although the income from farm practices was found to be lower in unfavourable areas, the deficiency was compensated by increased non-farm incomes. The results from the FSNSP data showed that overall the rates of stunting and wasting among under-five children were 37% and 11.7%, respectively, and nearly 28% of mothers suffered from undernutrition. A highly significant regional heterogeneity in undernutrition was found, with alarmingly high levels in the Haor Basin and coastal belt areas. There were significantly higher rates of underweight and wasting in the monsoon season compared with the two harvest seasons among children under the age of five. The findings stress the importance of bringing geographical location and seasonality thinking into debates on hunger and nutrition in Bangladesh.

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Mullick, Ashekur Rahman, Md Shafiur Rahman, Manzurul Haque Khan, Irin Hossain, and SK Akhtar Ahmad. "Socio-demographic factors on food insecurity among rural school going children in Bangladesh." Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 39, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jopsom.v39i1.51864.

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Background: This study aimed to assess the extent of socio-demographic factors that affect food insecurity among rural school going children. Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted among 460 rural school going children (class 4 to class I 0) in Saltha upaziila of Faridpur district, Bangladesh from January-December, 2019. Children providing assent after getting consent from their parents were inducted as study participants. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the food insecurity and socio-demographic variables. The study was conducted in Saltha upaziila of Faridpur district, Bangladesh from January-December, 2019 Results: Among the participants about 59.3% were moderately food insecure which means they were deprived of psychological and physical access to food. 53.7% were female and 88.3% of them were Muslims , 30.7% were from class 8, 70.7% were from nuclear family, 93% had siblings , 92% resided into house on their own land , 78.5% had own agricultural land and in 52.7% cases participant's father were farmer and their mean income was 98208.18 ± 13618.196 Taka per. 35.2% lived in both Semi Pucca house and Tin Shade house and 7 I% had domestic animal in their hou se, such as goat, sheep, cow, duck, hen etc., 41.5% had television in their house but 52% didn't have refrigerator in their house. There was a statistically significant relationship between food insecurity and age of participants (p- 0.000),educational status (p- 0.000),head of family (p- 0.008),occupation of father (p- 0.0IO). yearly ineome of family member (p-0.000), house type (p-0.000). Conclusion: National policies and programs need to stress on how to improve family income earning capacity and socioeconomic status to handle food insecurity. JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 67-72

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Basher, MAK, MR Karim, N. Sultana, KJ Hossain, and MM Kamal. "Parent Stress in Childhood Cancer." Bangladesh Medical Journal 41, no. 1 (May 4, 2014): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v41i1.18773.

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The objective of the study was to assess level of stress of the parents with a child suffering from cancer. A total of 396 parents of which 146 fathers and 250 mothers were recruited from the National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital, Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University, Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Dhaka Shishu Hospital (DSH), Dhaka from January 2011 to November 2011. They were selected consecutively on the basis of the defined criteria. The research instruments were interviewer questionnaire and stress measuring standard scales. Results showed that all of the parents were found educated. In graduate and above, fathers were comparatively higher educated than that of mothers. In profession, 48.7%(n=193) were household workers, 33.7%(n=133) service holders and 17.6%(n=70) were businessmen. The monthly family income of the respondent were Tk. 10,000 to 20,000 in 77.0%(n=305). Results also showed that 86.8%(n=344) of them in both sexes had age in between 18 to 40 years of which 44.9%(n=178) had age 31-40 years and 41.9%(n=166) were 18-30 years respectively. Only 13.2%(n=52) of both sexes had age above 40 years. The mean age of them were 33 ± 8 years. The type of cancers among the children of the respondents was described in the Table 2. The results showed that 61.4%(n=243) of the children had been suffering form leukemia, 17.4%(n=69) lymphoma, 8.3%(n=33) reticuloblastoma, 2.5%(n=10) neuroblastoma, 1.1%(n=4) solid tumors and 9.3%(n=48) were from other cancers such as embryoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, testicular tumors etc. The age of the children who had been suffering from different type of cancers was summarized in the Table-3. About 44.4%(n=176) of the children had age 1-5 years, 35.6%(n=141) age 6-10 years and 20.0%(n=79) were of age 11-15 years respectively.Leukemia was found the highest incidence among all age groups of the boys and girls. Results also showed that 63.8%(n=253) of the parents had certainly affected due to the stress. About 6.7%(n=26) of the parents had severely affected and 28.7%(n=114) may be affected induced by the cancers of their children. The poorly educated, up to class-X, fathers and mothers constituted 49.8%(n=197) were found certainly affected with the stress. Middle age group (31-40 years) having middle class socioeconomic status had also similar characteristics of the stress among the respondents. In duration of the disease at the time of assessment, results showed that 21.8%(n=86) of the parents with one child suffering from cancer in between 7-12 months were found certainly and severely affected with the stress. Careful designed investigations of the long-term psychological and behavioral consequences of the parents are vital important for early interventions to assess and treat psychological distress of them. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v41i1.18773 Bangladesh Medical Journal 2012 Vol. 41 No. 1; 8-13

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Azad, Abul Kalam, Mozibul Haque, and Aminul Islam. "Anesthesia with mask free sleep inducing balloon in pediatric patients; A tertiary care hospital experience." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 39, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v39i1.50449.

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Introduction: Children are habitually frightened and become combative during the induction of anesthesia. It is challenging for pediatric anesthesiologists to minimize psychological upset by reducing scaring environment of operating room and to facilitate a smooth induction of anesthesia. Use of force to handle severely anxious and scared children may lead to postoperative behavioral problems. Purpose: There is an immense need to develop a simple device to ensure mask free and stress-less induction for children. Sleep Inducing Balloon is the mask-free and stress-less anesthesia delivery system designed for children which is not only fulfilling the criteria of ideal breathing system but also replaces anxiety with amusement and fear with fun! Methods: A study was conducted among 100 children between 6 months to 7 years of age, during the period of Apr 2018 to Dec 2018 to find out the induction time of Sleep Inducing Balloon who were scheduled for elective short surgical procedure under general anaesthesia having ASA grading I and II. While doing so, children receive constant gas mixture of 5L oxygen mixed with 5% sevoflurane till fall asleep. Results: A total 100 patients were included in this study to record induction time, heart rate and oxygen saturation to validate the function of Sleep Inducing Balloon. Mean age of the children was 3.50±1.04 years, mean weight was 10.7±3.24 Kgs and mean heart rate was 120±8.3/min. Most of the children had ASA grade-I (96%) and oxygen saturation was 99%. Induction time was 60-80 seconds in 26% patients, and 81-100 seconds in 45% of the children. In 24% children the induction time was 101-120 seconds, 5% children took more than two minutes for induction. There was no failure and adverse events were easy to manage. Conclusion: Mask free sleep inducing balloon is a safe and successful way of anesthetic induction in pediatric patients. The procedure ensures a stress-free peaceful event in frightened children. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(1): 19-23

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Das, Dhananjoy, Tanzida Zaman, Mohammad Shameem Hasan, Tanuka Barua, and Mahmood A. Chowdhury. "Outcomes of Feeding Training to Mothers Having Child with Cerebral Palsy Admitted at A Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 15, no. 2 (March 6, 2017): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v15i2.31801.

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Background: The majority of children with Cerebral Palsy have feeding difficulties. It has a great impact on growth and development in children with cerebral palsy. Feeding difficulties may leads to chronic respiratory disease, malnutrition and reduce quality of life of both children and caregiver. Feeding difficulties cause stressful meal time for caregivers and fear of food for children. In well resource country many hi-tech equipments for the management of feeding difficulties are available but which is not available in low resource country like Bangladesh. Though some of low tech approaches have started a little but the effectiveness or outcomes of these technologies are not evaluated. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding training on feeding difficulties in children with cerebral palsy.Methods: This is a quasi experimental study. Twenty children with cerebral palsy aged 2 9 years having feeding difficulties enrolled as study subjects. Initially degree of feeding difficulties were assessed by evaluating body posture and frequency of aspiration during feeding which is scored according to the response of the child. After giving feeding training to the mother feeding difficulties were reevaluated. Mean score of feeding difficulties before and after intervention were compared by paired 't' test. Results were analyzed by SPSS.Results: Among the study subject 14(70%) were male and 6(30%) were female. Most of them were found to have hemiplegic CP 7(35%). The mean score in terms of positioning and frequency of aspiration were significantly changed after intervention (14.15 vs. 15.85 p = <0.0005), (11.6 vs 15.5 p = < 0.0005).Conclusion: Low-tech strategies and therapies are helpful for the management of feeding difficulties in children with cerebral palsy. Foods and drinks modifications should need to get extra attention for the nutritional improvements of those children. Government and international and national health NGOs should studied more about these low tech strategies to improve the condition of the children with cerebral palsy and to reduce the stress and sufferings of the parents.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (2); Jul 2016; Page 25-29

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M.C., Narendra, Chandan Roy, Sudhir Kumar, Parminder Virk, and Nitish De. "Effect of terminal heat stress on physiological traits, grain zinc and iron content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 57, No. 2 (April 9, 2021): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/63/2020-cjgpb.

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Heat stress is one of the major wheat (Triticum aestivum) production constraints in South Asia (SA), particularly in the Eastern Gangetic Plains (EGP) of India and Bangladesh. Malnutrition is also a severe problem among children and women in SA. Wheat varieties with high grain Zn/Fe are a sustainable, cost-effective solution in the fight against hidden hunger. Thirty wheat genotypes were characterised under the optimum temperature and heat stress conditions in 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 to study the response of the stress on the yield, physiological traits and grain Zn/Fe content. A significant genetic variation was observed for all the traits under the optimum temperature and stress conditions. The yield was reduced by an average of 59.5% under heat stress compared to that of the optimum temperature. A strong positive association of the canopy temperature depression (CTD) with the grain yield (GY) was observed under the heat stress. A negative correlation of the grain Zn/Fe with the yield was observed under the optimum temperature and heat stress conditions, while the association between the grain Zn and Fe was positive. The genotypes BRW 3723, BRW 3759, BRW 3797, BRW 160, HD 2967, HD 2640 were found to be heat-tolerant in both years. Among the tolerant genotypes, BRW 934, BRW 3807 and BRW 3804 showed a high zinc content and BRW 934, BRW 3797, BRW 3788 and BRW 3807 showed a high iron content, respectively. These genotypes can be explored in future breeding programmes to address the problem of nutritional deficiency.

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Suha, Shidratul Moontaha, and Dorottya Sik. "Social Disorganization and Lack of Recognition Increase Stress Among the Street Children of Dhaka." Asian Social Science 17, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v17n7p39.

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In recent years, concern about the most vulnerable of Bangladeshis, street children, has increased significantly. Urban life presents these children with immense challenges to their general development and their place in society. Through hypothesizing a theoretical framework, this paper evaluates the lives and situations of street children living in the capital, Dhaka. Having reviewed the relevant literature, the hypothesis is grounded on a theoretical framework that contextualizes the lives of children living on the streets of Dhaka. The study finds that due to social disorganization and a lack of recognition, further stress is placed upon the city’s street children.

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Rahman, Urmi, Seikh Azimul Hoque, AKM Matiur Rahman, and Narayan Chandra Saha. "Risk Factors Associated with Epilepsy among Children with Cerebral Palsy." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 44, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v44i2.51133.

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Background: Cerebral Palsy(CP) is a major cause of childhood disability and is more prevalent in the more socioeconomically deprived populations of the world. Epilepsy is said to occur in 15-90% of children with CP and this causes additional economic and psychological stress on affected children and their family. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional case control study was conducted in paediatric neurology OPD of Dhaka Medical College Hospital & BSMMU from July 2008 to June 2009. Four hundred children with CP were included in this study & CP with epilepsy was taken as case and CP without epilepsy as control. Medical records of these patients were reviewed and analyzed. Results: 150 children studied had associated epilepsy, giving a prevalence rate of 37.5%. Epilepsy most commonly affected children with spastic quadriplegia (43.5%). GTCS was more common of epilepsy in spastic quadriplegic CP and partial seizure common in spastic hemiplegic CP. After logistic regression analysis significant positive correlation was found between LBW (OR, 0.428), post-natal CNS infection (OR, 0.416) with occurrence of epilepsy in CP cases. Statistically significant positive correlation was not found between prematurity, neonatal jaundice, neonatal convulsion, neonatal sepsis as a risk factor to develop epilepsy in CP. Conclusion: Among CP cases epilepsy is most common in spastic quadriplegic CP and GTCS is more common type of epilepsy in spastic quadriplegic CP. LBW and postnatal CNS infection significantly increase the risk of epilepsy in CP cases. Prematurity, neonatal jaundice, neonatal convulsion does not increase the risk of developing epilepsy in CP. Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (2) :92-96

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Shuma, Madhabi Lata, Shimul Halder, and Bidyut Kanti Datta. "Epidemiology of Congenital Anomalies among the Children born in Different Hospitals under Sylhet Division in Bangladesh- a Retrospective Study." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 2 (June 28, 2016): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v14i2.28514.

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Congenital anomalies play a significant role in perinatal and neonatal mortality. Frequency of these congenital anomalies varies in different populations. Epidemiology is the study of frequency, distribution and determinants of disease in populations. The mission of epidemiology is to contribute to the understanding of etiology and prevention of disease and to improve the health of public through excellence in research. So, this study was conducted to find out proportion, types and immediate outcome of congenital anomalies. In this retrospective and cross-sectional study all patients admitted with congenital anomalies in different hospitals of Sylhet division in Bangladesh from October 2012 to January 2013 (04 months) were included. At first, the patients were examined for major and minor congenital anomalies and recorded properly. Diagnosis of congenital anomalies was based on ultrasonography and clinical evaluation of the fetus/newborn by experienced neonatologist. Major and minor congenital anomalies were categorized depending on their life threatening effects. Various data which were obtained was analyzed by using SPSS 13. Rates and proportions were calculated with 95% confidence interval. The proportions were compared using students T-test. Level of significance was set at P<0.05.The most frequently occurring anomalies involved the central nervous system (28.33%) of which myelomeningocele was the commonest CNS defect (9.09%). According to data, females were more susceptible to myelomeningocele than the male patients. The second frequently occurring congenital anomaly was associated with cardiovascular system (15%). Patients with urogenital anomalies (6.67%) were male, except for one who had ambiguous genitalia. Congenital anomaly associated with gastrointestinal -, respiratory -, musculoskeletal -, chromosomal - and dysmorphism were noted as 11.67%, 5%, 6.67%, 5% and 3.33%, respectively. About 11% congenital anomalies were found to be linked to other body part system. After analysis of mothers lifestyle, it was likely to conclude that more stress and efforts should be given on the role of peri-conceptional vitamin supplementation to the pregnant mother. Folic acid was found to be the primary agent for prevention of congenital defects.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 14(2): 225-230, 2015 (December)

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Atkar, Mst Khorseda, and Md Tajul Islam. "A Bypassing Technique for the Remedy of Portal Hypertension through Extra Hepatic Portal Vein Obstruction by CFD Analysis." GANIT: Journal of Bangladesh Mathematical Society 38 (January 14, 2019): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v38i0.39789.

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Extra-hepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) is the blockage to the flow of blood in the portal vein before reaches to the liver. EHPVO is the common cause of portal hypertension in children in the most Asian countries. Examination reveals that the presence of block in the main portal vein may be responsible for the shrinkage of vein with manifold pernicious complication. The “shunt” policy is a fruitful source of restoration of the hepatic portal flow. This study shows that a new approach of bypassing (or shunting) to the blocked (thrombosed) region of the portal vein is a significant way of reducing portal hypertension and restoration of blood circulation. We studied EHPVO case through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis by considering partial block formation and side to side shunt scheme inside the main portal vein. The constitutive equation for non-Newtonian fluidand energy equation are solved by control volume technique. Our study reveals that the shunting technique is strongly effective for the reconstitution of portal venous flow to the liver with lower tissue stress and rapid regression of clinical signs of portal hypertension. This new technique may potentially applicable for medication of EHPVO when shunting procedures are indicated. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 38 (2018) 89-104

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Hassan, Mahmuda, Hamidur Rahman, BH Nazma Yasmeen, Afsana Mukti, Hakimul Haque, Masuma Khan, Marium Begum, et al. "Thiamine deficiency - Beriberi – A forgotten disease." Northern International Medical College Journal 10, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/nimcj.v10i1.39331.

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Thiamine (vitamin B1) was the first B vitamin which has been identified. It serves as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in energy metabolism. The thiamine-dependent enzymes are important for the biosynthesis of neurotransmitters and for the production of reducing substances used in oxidant stress defenses, as well as for the synthesis of pentose used as nucleic acid precursors. Thiamine also plays a central role in cerebral metabolism. There are 2 major manifestations of thiamine deficiency(TD): cardiovascular disease (wet beriberi) and nervous system disease (dry beriberi and Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome). In wet beriberi, cardiomyopathy with edema and lactic acidosis and in dry beriberi, peripheral neuropathy occurs. Manifestations of Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome, consist of nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia and ataxia evolving into confusion, retrograde amnesia, cognitive impairment and confabulation. Thiamine deficiency is now very rare in developed countries, but still common in South East Asia specially in developing countries like Bangladesh. It is an important public health problem with potentially fatal consequences. Now a days highly polished rice (Minicut rice) is a popular staple food and other primary dietary sources of thiamine are in short supply. In wet beriberi myocardial disease is prominent which causes a high cardiac output with peripheral vasodilation and warm extremities. Before heart failure, tachycardia, a wide pulse pressure, sweating, warm skin and lactic acidosis develop leading to salt and water retention by the kidneys. The resulting fluid overload leads to edema of the dependent extremities. If it is left untreated the severity of potential outcome will be increased even up to death. Therefore, makes it essential for physician, cardiologists and Paediatrician to have an understanding of this condition and its optimal treatment. Patients on a strict thiamine-deficient diet display a state of severe depletion within 18 days. The most common cause of thiamine deficiency in affluent countries is either alcoholism or malnutrition in nonalcoholic patients especially in children. Treatment by thiamine supplementation is beneficial for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.10(1) Jul 2018: 351-354

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Quddus, ASM Ruhul. "Prebiotics for Children health in Bangladesh." Community Based Medical Journal 7, no. 2 (September 5, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v7i2.55448.

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Brooks, W. Abdullah, Dean Erdman, Pauline Terebuh, Alexander Klimov, Doli Goswami, Amina Tahia Sharmeen, Tasnim Azim, Stephen Luby, Carolyn Bridges, and Robert Breiman. "Human Metapneumovirus Infection among Children, Bangladesh." Emerging Infectious Diseases 13, no. 10 (October 2007): 1611–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1310.070337.

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Gazi, MR. "Cholelithiasis in children: experience from Bangladesh." Mediscope 2, no. 1 (August 27, 2015): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mediscope.v2i1.24739.

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Most of the time clinicians overlook the diagnosis of cholelthiasis in children because of its atypical presentation. The present study reports paediatric cases of cholelithiasis treated in Gazi Medical College Hospital, Khulna, Bangladesh during the period from 2002 to 2013. In order to assess the frequency of paediatric cholelithiasis cases and treatment outcome, the author reviewed the patient records. The retrospective analysis found 9 paediatric cases who underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed from 2002 to 2013 at Gazi Medical College Hospital by a single Consultant Surgeon (the author). The cases were 7 females and 2 males. The average age was 8 years. The reports and full case history notes were checked and data were extracted accordingly. Correspondence was done to confirm the outcome of any subsequent follow up. It was found that clinically no one was obese but nutritional deficiency was obvious because all the patients were from poor family. Final diagnosis was made by ultrasonography. All of them recovered uneventfully after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Mediscope Vol. 2, No. 1: 2015, Pages 32-35

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Ali, Ibne Karin M., Mohammad Bakhtiar Hossain, Shantanu Roy, Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi, William A. Petri, Rashidul Haque, and C. Graham Clark. "Entamoeba moshkovskiiInfections in Children in Bangladesh." Emerging Infectious Diseases 9, no. 5 (May 2003): 580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0905.020548.

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Nath, SR, M. Mohsin, and AMR Chowdhury. "Health knowledge of children in Bangladesh." Public Health 111, no. 5 (September 1997): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ph.1900385.

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Shahidullah, Mohammod. "COVID-19 in Children: Bangladesh Experience." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 45, no. 3 (November 20, 2022): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v45i3.62876.

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Ahamed, M. Mohiuddin. "Breast-feeding in Bangladesh." Journal of Biosocial Science 18, no. 4 (October 1986): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000016448.

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SummaryIn data from the Bangladesh Fertility Survey on 4998 live births, the mean duration of breast-feeding in Bangladesh was 27·3 months. Duration of breast-feeding was positively related with the age of women. Female children were breast-fed for periods about 5 months shorter than for male children. Children born to urban mothers of all age groups were breast-fed for shorter durations than children born to rural mothers of all age groups. The duration of breast-feeding decreased with the increase of education of mother.

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Hasina, Kaniz. "Constipation in Children." Journal of Paediatric Surgeons of Bangladesh 6, no. 1 (May 15, 2016): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jpsb.v6i1.27743.

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Islam, Farzana, and Gulshan Ara Akhter. "Child abuse in Bangladesh." Ibrahim Medical College Journal 9, no. 1 (May 7, 2016): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v9i1.27635.

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In Bangladesh, a large number of children are deprived of their basic human rights due to unacceptable health, nutrition, education as well as social conditions. In addition, children are exposed to severe forms of sexual, physical and mental abuses at home, in the work place, in institutions and other public places. The nature and extent of violence against children irrespective of age, sex and class has been increasing day by day. These include physical torture, rape, homicide and sometimes heinous attacks with acid. Children are also victims of child labor and trafficking, both of which are treated as the most severe form of child exploitation and child abuse in the world today. This review article is aimed to focus on the present situation of various forms of child abuses in our country. Data collection is based on secondary sources of information from Dhaka Medical College Hospital, One Stop Crisis Center (OCC),UNICEF, Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Women and Children Affairs, several Dhaka based organizations and news paper clipping.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2015; 9(1): 18-21

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Hasan, Mahmudul, and Md Ataur Rahman. "Children at Risk." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 10, no. 1 (January 2010): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972558x1001000101.

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The turn of the present world has witnessed a massive alteration of viewpoint in modifies relating to street children. The present paper assesses the overview of street children and identifies why there are street children in Bangladesh through the analysis of detailed empirical research with children. The rationales for their existence are linked to poverty, exploitation, parental subsequent marriage, conflict with family members, physical assault, and modernizing determinants. Much research has been done to document a wide range of health risk behaviors, but little research has focused on thoughtful the devices and appropriate reasons liable for the course of behavior change. The prevalence of child abuse and exploitation was widespread in Bangladesh. The binary logistic regression model and multiple classification analysis (MCA) reveals that age of the respondent, years of schooling, occupation, age at present work the child labor started, residence, and suffering diseases found the significant factors that influenced the dependent variables, whether the present work is risky for the health of the child labor and age at assaulting. Therefore this study suggests that hoisting community consciousness against child mistreatment and promoting defensive actions ought to be accepted to diminish the number of street children in Bangladesh.

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Rahman, Maksudur, Mak Azad Chowdhury, Md Mahbubul Hoque, Md Monir Hossain, and Golam Morshed Suman. "Tramadol suppository poisoning in children of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 43, no. 3 (October 7, 2020): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v43i3.49572.

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Background: Tramadol is an analgesic agent utilized in the treatment of different types of pain. Recently it was found that a few cases of tramadol poisoning were observed in hospitalized children. In all cases, it happened due to accidental administration of tramadol suppository. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the clinical manifestations of tramadol suppository poisoning in children and to create public awareness about the prevention of this suppository poisoning. Materials & Methods: This was an observational, retrospective, single-center caseseries study of hospitalized children in Dhaka Shishu Hospital during the periods of July 2016 to March 2017. Eleven patients with history of accidental intake of tramadol suppositories were enrolled in this study. Data regarding risk factors and clinical features were recorded and analyzed. Results: In this study, 7/11(64%) cases were male and 4/11(36%) female. Mean age was 7.8 month and mean duration of hospital stay was 46.4 hours. Parecetamol in 2/11 (18%) cases and glycerin suppository in 9/11(82%) cases were main drugs that were supposed to be introduced instead of tramadol. Keeping drugs in same containers (11/11), similarities of suppository’s size, shape and color (11/11) were found as causes of mistakes in this study. Main clinical features were drowsiness in 4/11(36%) cases, tachycardia in 3/11(27%) cases and one case died. Conclusions: More cautiousness of parents, dissimilarity among different suppository in color size, shape and using of different containers of drugs may be the preventive way of this poisoning. Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (3) :157-160

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Akter, Khaleda, Shanzida Khatun, and Md Sazzad Hossain. "Lived Experience of Thalassaemic Children in Bangladesh." Open Journal of Nursing 10, no. 11 (2020): 1109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojn.2020.1011079.

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Rahman Sarker, Mahabur, Abdul Aziz, A. R. Khan, and Mohammad Golam Mostafa. "Management of Nonpalpable Testes in Children Bangladesh." Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 08, no. 01 (January 25, 2020): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2020.v08i01.060.

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Bhattacharya, M. "Cryptosporidium infection in children in urban Bangladesh." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 43, no. 5 (October 1, 1997): 282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/43.5.282.

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Ahsan, Mohammad Tariq, and Lindsay Burnip. "Inclusive Education in Bangladesh." Australasian Journal of Special Education 31, no. 1 (April 2007): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030011200025598.

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This article reports on inclusive education in Bangladesh for children with special needs. Bangladesh is not behind other developed countries in enacting laws and declarations in favour of inclusive education, but a lack of resources is the main barrier in implementing inclusive education. Special education and integrated education models exist in Bangladesh. The difference is that almost all school age children with disabilities in developed countries such as Australia are in education, whereas, 89% of children with disabilities are not in education in Bangladesh. New initiatives for Bangladesh are described, and further initiatives are suggested, such as link programmes between regular and special schools, dual placement provisions, development of special units in regular schools, initiation of model schools for others to follow and inter‐ministerial and inter‐agency collaborations to improve inclusive education practices.

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Mohammod Shahidullah. "COVID -19 Infection in Children." Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons 39, no. 3 (June 19, 2021): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v39i3.54157.

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Begum, Tamanna, and Soofia Khatoon. ""Growing Pain in Children" Review." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 35, no. 3 (May 6, 2012): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v35i3.10523.

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Dutta, Swati. "Multidimensional Deprivation among Children in India and Bangladesh." Child Indicators Research 14, no. 3 (January 9, 2021): 917–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12187-020-09787-9.

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Zaman, Sanjana, Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader, Ariful Bari Chowdhury, and Gias U. Ahsan. "Psychiatric Morbidity of Chikungunya among Children in Bangladesh." Health 10, no. 01 (2018): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/health.2018.101007.

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Zahan, Nasrin. "HIV/AIDS Risk among the Children of Bangladesh." ABC Journal of Advanced Research 2, no. 2 (2013): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abcjar.v2i2.23.

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Siddiqi, Md Nure Alam, Md Nuruzzaman Haque, and Md Abdul Goni. "Malnutrition of Under-Five Children: Evidence from Bangladesh." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 2 (September 17, 2011): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v2i2.3662.

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Objective: The objectives of this study are to describe the differentials and associated risk factors of malnutrition among under-five children in Bangladesh. Material & Methods: The data extracted from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)-2007. Basic anthropometric variables were used for finding prevalence of anthropometric indices (stunting, wasting and under weight) to assess child’s nutritional statuses. Chi- Square test and Logistic Regression technique were used to find out the significant factors associated with child’s nutritional status. Results: The study results showed the high prevalence of stunting and underweight, for instance 42% and 40% of under-five children were stunted and underweighted respectively. The analyses of the study also revealed that household economic status, mother’s education, father’s education, mother’s antenatal visit (s), mother’s age at birth and mother’s BMI are the most significant factor /determinant s of child’s malnutrition. Conclusion: The magnitude of the Child’s malnutrition still is of great concern in Bangladesh. Significant association between maternal related factors and child’s nutritional status has been found in this study. For improving the nutritional status of children or for getting healthy babies the intervention program(s) must connect not only children but also newly mothers and prospective mothers. Key Words: Anthropometric measurement; Malnutrition; Stunting; Underweight; Wasting DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v2i2.3662 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2011) 113-119

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Kwong, Laura H., Ayse Ercumen, Amy J. Pickering, Leanne Unicomb, Jennifer Davis, James O. Leckie, and Stephen P. Luby. "Soil ingestion among young children in rural Bangladesh." Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 31, no. 1 (October 31, 2019): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41370-019-0177-7.

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Banu, Tahmina, Tanvir K. Chowdhury, Mahfuzul Kabir, Rupam Talukder, and Kokila Lakhoo. "Bringing Surgery to Rural Children: Chittagong, Bangladesh Experience." World Journal of Surgery 37, no. 4 (February 5, 2013): 730–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268-013-1916-x.

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Hadi, A. "Child abuse among working children in rural Bangladesh." Public Health 114, no. 5 (September 2000): 380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ph.1900664.

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Khan, N. Z., S. Ferdous, R. Islam, A. Sultana, M. Durkin, and H. McConachie. "Behaviour Problems in Young Children in Rural Bangladesh." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 55, no. 3 (December 9, 2008): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/fmn108.

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Chowdhury, S., M. Z. Islam, R. Chowdhury, A. S. Chowdhury, and M. M. Rahman. "A health perspective of street children in Bangladesh." Annals of Global Health 82, no. 3 (August 20, 2016): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.147.

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Mostofa, Md, Kazi Sonia Tasnim, and Md Zahidul Islam. "INHERITANCE RIGHT OF ORPHANED GRAND CHILDREN: BANGLADESH PERSPECTIVES." Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities 8, no. 4 (December 29, 2022): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.55327/jaash.v8i4.285.

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The dilemma of inheritance of grandchildren from the pre-deceased child is one of the most critical areas of Islamic law. According to the classical interpretations of Islamic law, any son of the deceased in general excludes such grandchildren. However, many states brought certain changes into the existing format of Islamic law of succession so as to shield such grandchildren from total exclusion. Egypt, Tunisia, Syria, Morocco, Pakistan and Bangladesh are remarkable for binging changes in this particular area. Pakistan brought a significant change in 1961 by section 4 of the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance (MFLO), which is a milestone event in the history of reformation of Islamic law. In Bangladesh the same law become accepted through the promulgation of the Laws Continuance Enforcement order, 1971’.Section of the MFLO affected the whole structure of Islamic Law of Succession. The main contribution of this work is an attempt to draw the attention of the proper authority for taking steps to ensure the right of orphaned grandchildren and other heirs not violating the Islamic law of succession. For this purpose the author tries to show the injustices to some heirs and the provisions of Islamic law of succession which have been violated caused by the section 4 of MFLO and lastly the author has set up a method that ensures the right of the orphaned grandchildren neither violating the Islamic rule nor excluding any heir. It is a qualitative research.

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Boyce, W. Thomas. "Children and Stress." Nurse Practitioner 11, no. 1 (January 1986): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-198601000-00013.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Stress in children – Bangladesh'

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