Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stress cracking

Academic literature on the topic 'Stress cracking'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Stress cracking"

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Sieradzki, K., and R. C. Newman. "Stress-corrosion cracking." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 48, no. 11 (January 1987): 1101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3697(87)90120-x.

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McLaughlin, B. D. "Stress corrosion cracking simulation." Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering 5, no. 2 (March 1, 1997): 129–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0965-0393/5/2/004.

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Toribio, J. "Residual Stress Effects in Stress-Corrosion Cracking." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 7, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1361/105994998770347891.

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Jawan, Hosen Ali. "Some Thoughts on Stress Corrosion Cracking of (7xxx) Aluminum Alloys." International Journal of Materials Science and Engineering 7, no. 2 (June 2019): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17706/ijmse.2019.7.2.40-51.

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McNeil, M. B. "Irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking." Nuclear Engineering and Design 181, no. 1-3 (May 1998): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-5493(97)00334-8.

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Wang, H. F., B. P. Bonner, S. R. Carlson, B. J. Kowallis, and H. C. Heard. "Thermal stress cracking in granite." Journal of Geophysical Research 94, B2 (1989): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb094ib02p01745.

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Thouless, M. D., and R. F. Cook. "Stress‐corrosion cracking in silicon." Applied Physics Letters 56, no. 20 (May 14, 1990): 1962–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103035.

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OGATA, NOBUO. "Environmental stress cracking in polymers." Sen'i Gakkaishi 41, no. 3 (1985): P89—P95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.41.3_p89.

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Robeson, Lloyd M. "Environmental stress cracking: A review." Polymer Engineering & Science 53, no. 3 (August 18, 2012): 453–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.23284.

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NEWMAN, R. C., and R. P. M. PROCTER. "Stress corrosion cracking: 1965–1990." British Corrosion Journal 25, no. 4 (January 1990): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/000705990799156373.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stress cracking"

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Gamboa, Erwin. "Stress corrosion cracking of rock bolts /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18302.pdf.

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Attou, Abdelkader. "Cracking and stress corrosion cracking in glass fibre materials using acoustic emission." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277702.

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Wells, David Brett. "Early stages of intergranular stress corrosion cracking." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.256769.

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Mohammed, Farej Ahmed. "Stress corrosion cracking in duplex stainless steels." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488331.

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Eccott, A. R. "Environmental stress cracking resistance of phenolic compounds." Thesis, Swansea University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636763.

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The environmental stress cracking (ESC) behaviour of a series of phenolics toughened with varying proportions of thermoplastic (0-35%), has been studied. Since these materials have been designed for applications in 'under-the-bonnet' automotive components, testing took place in serveral 'in-service' environments and in some of the constituent chemicals as well as in air. Initial screening of the materials using three point bend testing highlighted the most hostile environments for further study. Tensile testing of samples in air and in methanol and immersion of samples in various environments provided a further insight concerning the diffusion effects likely to be encountered. Creep tests were conducted in selected environments at 23oC, as well as at increased temperatures to provide more realistic 'under-the-bonnet' situations. The observed increase in creep rate in most hostile environments was related to crack initiation and growth. Within the range of added thermoplastic studied, two scales of morphology were seen to occur. In addition to a small scale morphology, only observed using TEM, there exists a large scale ribbon-like morphology. This was studied using light microscopy as well as SEM, on samples etched with permanganate and it was shown using X-ray microanalysis that the ribbons visible were thermoplastic rich regions. A good correlation was obtained between the amount of ribbon-like areas and the thermoplastic content of the sample. Samples, apparently prepared under identical conditions, vary slightly in colour. Further investigation revealed that these colour differences could be correlated with a variation in large scale morphology as well as considerable property differences. TEM, SEM and light microscopy were performed to relate the ESC behaviour with the material morphology. TEM investigations concerning the small scale morphology effect upon crack growth were inconclusive. However, from viewing etched samples subject to ESC via bend tests in methanol, using SEM and light microscopy, it was evident that the large scale morphology was responsible for deflecting microcracks.
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Kruska, Karen. "Understanding the mechanisms of stress corrosion cracking." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:94574eaf-4ae0-4093-bf20-3f4f4c559e7c.

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Austenitic stainless steels are frequently used in the cooling circuits of nuclear reactors. It has been found that cold-worked 304 stainless steels can be particularly susceptible to stress corrosion cracking at the operating conditions of such reactors. Despite more than 130 years of research underlying mechanisms are still not properly understood. For this reason, the effects of cold-work and applied stress on the oxidation behaviour of 304SS have been studied in this thesis. A set of samples with/without prior cold-work, and with/without stress applied during oxidation, were oxidized in autoclaves under simulated pressurised water reactor primary circuit conditions. Atom-probe tomography and analytical transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the local chemistry and microstructure in the different samples tested. Regions containing grain boundaries, deformation bands, and matrix material in contact with the environment, were extracted from the coupon specimens with a focused ion beam machine. Cross-sections of crack tips were studied with secondary ion mass spectrometry and electron backscatter diffraction. The compositions of oxides grown along the surface and the different microstructural features were analysed. Fe-rich spinels were found at the surface and Cr-rich spinels were observed along fast diffusion paths. Ni-enrichment was found at the metal/oxide interfaces and a Ni-rich phase was detected in precipitates ahead of grain boundary oxides. Li was observed in all oxidised regions and B segregation, originating from impurities in the alloy, was observed in grain boundaries and crack tip oxides. Cavities and hydrogen associated with Ni-rich regions were found ahead of the bulk Cr-rich oxide in some of the samples. The implications of these findings for the understanding of SCC mechanisms are discussed. It is suggested that Ni precipitation as well as the presence of deformation bands may play an important role in controlling SCC susceptibility in 304 stainless steel. A modification of the film-rupture model including internal oxidation and fast diffusion along H-stabilised vacancies in strain fields at the crack front is proposed.
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Deshais, Gerald. "Stress corrosion cracking in Al based alloys." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621509.

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Meisnar, Martina. "High-resolution characterisation of stress corrosion cracking." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6915e56d-d63b-43dc-af29-5257a21d1e4b.

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The degradation of reactor grade stainless steels and their susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) when exposed to the pressurised water reactor (PWR) primary water environment has been a topic of intense research for many decades. Nevertheless, our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of SCC remains incomplete to date. It has been generally accepted that only high-resolution (electron) microscopy techniques are capable of revealing the yet unidentified processes involved in SCC crack propagation. For this reason, one of the main objectives of this project was to make new techniques with improved spatial resolution accessible to SCC research. While low-keV energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used for the preliminary analysis of SCC cracks, transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD) and atom probe tomography (APT) were used for high-resolution studies of the microstructure and chemistry near the crack tip. In particular, TKD proved very beneficial for revealing the extent of the strain concentration around the crack tip. For the application of APT to SCC research, a novel method for preparing APT needles containing entire SCC crack tips was developed. The method was then used for acquiring very localised compositional measurements of the crack tip and GB oxide chemistry with extraordinary accuracy. The second objective of this thesis was to understand the impact of the SCC test temperature on the crack growth rate (CGR) in SUS316 stainless steel. It was found that after steady growth with increasing temperature, a peak in the CGR occurred at ~ 320°C, followed by a substantial drop towards higher temperatures. The inhibition of the CGR with increasing temperature between 320° and 360°C and its impact on the microstructure were studied via analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and TKD. Furthermore, the potential impact of thermally activated diffusion and mechanical response-based mechanisms was investigated. It appears that higher dislocation density and strain concentrations around the crack tips at lower temperature (i.e. 320°C) lead to possibly enhanced brittle-like fracture at the crack tip. An enhanced model for the ongoing processes involved in SCC crack propagation based on the experimental results is presented at the end of this work.
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Gammon, M. A. "Stress corrosion cracking of nuclear grade steels." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21956.

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A nuclear grade 316L stainless steel and a 508-111 quenched and tempered pressure vessel steel were studied for their stress corrosion cracking susceptibility. Cylindrical tensile specimens were subjected to slow strain rate testing at 75°C in aerated, aqueous solutions (distiled water with 1000ppm Cl⁻ or SO₄ = ions in solution) in a range of corrosion potentials. The 316L has been examined for sensitization and stress corrosion resistance. This study has shown that the peak degree of sensitization attainable in this material is well within the limits considered as safe by the nuclear power industry. This material is not susceptible to environmentally assisted cracking as long as the potential is kept below the pitting potential for the material. A single instance of intergranular stress corrosion cracking was noted when this material was tested in 1000ppm Cl⁻ solution at 440mV (SHE). Two casts of 508-111 have been examined: 508-A has been tested in the as quenched condition as well as after two tempering heat treatments, while 508-B has been tested in the fully tempered condition only. The mechanical properties of the 508 type materials are strongly influenced by the heat treated condition and mildly influenced by the service environment. In the quenched condition anodic intergranular stress corrosion cracking is severe in the chloride solution and it is argued that the absence of intergranular cracking in the sulphate solution is due to the over aggressiveness of this environment. In all three heat treated conditions loss of ductility is more pronounced in sulphate solutions than in chlorides. Transgranular cleavage is evident in strongly cathodic conditions and this is ascribed to the ingress of hydrogen. The transgranular hydrogen embrittlement seems to be independant of heat treated condition. Rising load tests on fatigue precracked specimens have indicated that environmentally enhanced crack growth of existing defects does not occur for the conditions tested.
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Harrigan, Paul A. "Stress corrosion cracking of Zirconium in nitric acid." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503652.

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Books on the topic "Stress cracking"

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Sedriks, A. John. Stress corrosion cracking test methods. Houston, TX: National Association of Corrosion Engineers, 1990.

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Cheng, Y. Frank. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipelines. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118537022.

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Wright, D. C. Environmental stress cracking of plastics. Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, U.K: Rapra Technology Ltd., 1996.

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Wright, D. C. Environmental stress cracking of plastics. Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, U.K: Rapra Technology Ltd., 1996.

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Engineers, National Association of Corrosion. Sulphide stress cracking resistant metallic materials for oilfield equipment. Houston: NACE, 1995.

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Engineers, National Association of Corrosion. Sulfide stress cracking resistant metallic materials for oilfield equipment. Houston: NACE, 2001.

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Koerner, Robert M. Stress cracking behavior of HDPE geomembranes and its prevention. Cincinnati, OH: Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, 1993.

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National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Sulfide stress cracking resistant metallic materials for oilfield equipment. Houston: NACE, 1999.

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National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Sulfide stress cracking resistant metallic materials for oilfield equipment. Houston: NACE, 1997.

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National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Sulfide stress cracking resistant metallic materials for oilfield equipment. Houston: NACE, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stress cracking"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Stress Cracking." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 704. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11280.

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Parkins, R. N. "Stress Corrosion Cracking." In Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook, 171–81. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470872864.ch14.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Environmental Stress Cracking." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 270. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4443.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Thermal Stress Cracking." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 743. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11767.

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Kaesche, Helmut. "Stress Corrosion Cracking." In Corrosion of Metals, 420–524. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-96038-3_15.

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Kane, Russell D. "Sulfide Stress Cracking." In Oil and Gas Pipelines, 343–52. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119019213.ch24.

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Lach, R., and W. Grellmann. "Stress Cracking Resistance – introduction." In Polymer Solids and Polymer Melts–Mechanical and Thermomechanical Properties of Polymers, 390–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55166-6_63.

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Elboujdaini, M. "Hydrogen-Induced Cracking and Sulfide Stress Cracking." In Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook, 183–94. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470872864.ch15.

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Chatten, R., and D. Vesely. "Environmental stress cracking of polypropylene." In Polymer Science and Technology Series, 206–14. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4421-6_28.

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"Stress cracking." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 933. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30160-0_11079.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stress cracking"

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Krishnamurthy, Ravi M., Barry Martens, David Feser, Peter Marreck, and Reg MacDonald. "Liquid Pipeline Stress Corrosion Cracking." In 2000 3rd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2000-187.

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The integrity management of a pipeline with stress corrosion cracking was accomplished in two distinct phases. The initial phase, from 1993 to 1996, consisted of excavations that quantified damage (stress corrosion cracking & corrosion), fracture mechanics modeling and hydrostatic testing, with a short-term objective of restoring Maximum Operating Pressure (MOP). Limited testing was conducted to evaluate the hydrostatic line on the 610 mm (24″) diameter line. The second phase, from 1996 until present, included running a shear wave ultrasonic tool, a zero degree ultrasonic tool, fracture mechanics modeling and rehabilitation digs. The extensive data collection during rehabilitation was utilized to evaluate the relationships between cracking susceptibility and degree of Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) with parameters such as soil type, drainage, topography and magnitude of pressure fluctuations. Corrosion products predominantly consisted of iron carbonate, very much characteristic of the low pH SCC mechanism. Following the shear wave ultrasonic tool, a zero-degree compression wave ultrasonic tool was utilized to characterize the long axial corrosion locations with potential shallow cracking. A re-inspection plan was developed using crack growth rates, hydraulic simulations of pressure fluctuations and excavation data. The reliability of the pipeline was increased and the overall integrity management costs were reduced. Presently, hydrotesting is not being used to manage integrity of Rainbow’s system.
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Spisák, Bernadett, and Szabolcs Szávai. "Mechanisms of Stress Corrosion Cracking." In MultiScience - XXXIII. microCAD International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference. University of Miskolc, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26649/musci.2019.052.

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Elapolu, Mohan S. R., and Alireza Tabarraei. "Stress Corrosion Cracking of Graphene." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23842.

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Abstract We use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of monolayer graphene sheets with an initial edge cracks. Two types of edge cracks are considered in the simulations; one with armchair edges and another one with zigzag edges. All the simulations are conducted at 300 K and the corrosive environment is O2 molecules. Tensile stresses are induced in the graphene sheet by applying mode–I loading. To understand the mechanism of the sub–critical crack growth during SCC, we expose the graphene sheets to O2 molecules at strains of 0.047 and 0.076. Our MD simulations capture the chemisorption process between the O2 molecules and pre–stressed graphene sheet. Oxygen molecules react with carbon radicals at the edges of the crack tip and gets adsorbed to the graphene surface. The atomic stresses in the vicinity of crack tip relaxes due to the adsorption of O2 molecule. Our results show that the reaction of O2 molecules with the carbon radicals at the crack tip can cause the failure of C–C bonds which leads to the sub critical cracking.
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Rogers, S. A. "Fatigue Cracking Of Cooling Water Pipes." In Stress and Vibration: Recent Developments in Measurement and Analysis, edited by Peter Stanley. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.952912.

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Hörchens, Lars, Casper Wassink, and Harvey Haines. "Ultrasound imaging of stress corrosion cracking." In 41ST ANNUAL REVIEW OF PROGRESS IN QUANTITATIVE NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION: Volume 34. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4914694.

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Klein, Marvin, Niels Portzgen, Munendra S. Tomar, Martin Fingerhut, and Homayoon Ansari. "Sizing Stress Corrosion Cracking Using Laser Ultrasonics." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64468.

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Managing Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) damaged pipe has been a formidable challenge to the pipeline industry. Development of a practical solution for measurement and evaluation of SCC has been marred by the complexity of crack shapes, their distribution within a crack colony, and the lack of non-destructive technology capable of reliably measuring the crack depths. Laser Ultrasonics is an inspection technology wherein lasers are used for generation and detection of ultrasonic waves in the pipeline steel to be inspected. Unlike conventional ultrasonic testing, Laser Ultrasonics has a large frequency bandwidth and a tiny (∼0.5mm) footprint. These characteristics make it ideally suited for application as a depth sizing tool for closely-spaced cracks in a colony. It has been conclusively proved that laser ultrasonic inspection using the time of flight diffraction (TOFD) technique can reliably and accurately measure the depth of naturally occurring SCC and potentially other cracks and seam weld anomalies. This presentation describes the results of this co-sponsored project, including recent full scale demonstrations where a laser ultrasonic measurement subsystem has been built onto a prototype scanner.
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Kolkman, H. J., G. A. Kool, and R. J. H. Wanhill. "Aircraft Crash Caused by Stress Corrosion Cracking." In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/94-gt-298.

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An aircraft crash in the Netherlands was caused by disintegration of a jet engine. Fractography showed that the chain of events started with stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of a pin attached to a lever arm of the compressor variable vane system. Such a lever arm-pin assembly costs only a few dollars. Investigation of hundreds of pins from the accident and a number of identical engines revealed that this was not an isolated case. Many pins exhibited various amounts of SCC. The failed pin in the accident engine happened to be the first fractured one. SCC requires the simultaneous presence of tensile stress, a corrosive environment and a susceptible material. In this case the stress was a residual stress arising from the production method. There was a clear correlation between the presence of salt deposits on the levers and SCC of the pins. It was shown that these deposits were able to reach the internal space between the pin and lever arm, thereby initiating SCC in this space. The corrosive environment in Western Europe explains why the problem manifested itself in the Netherlands at a relatively early stage in engine life. The main point is, however, that the manufacturer selected an SCC-prone material in the design stage. The solution has been to change the pin material.
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Lam, Poh-Sang, Changmin Cheng, Yuh J. Chao, Robert L. Sindelar, Tina M. Stefek, and James B. Elder. "Stress Corrosion Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71327.

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An experiment was conducted to investigate the role of weld residual stress on stress corrosion cracking in welded carbon steel plates prototypic to those used for nuclear waste storage tanks. Carbon steel specimen plates were butt-joined with Gas Metal Arc Welding technique. Initial cracks (seed cracks) were machined across the weld and in the heat affected zone. These specimen plates were then submerged in a simulated high level radioactive waste chemistry environment. Stress corrosion cracking occurred in the as-welded plate but not in the stress-relieved duplicate. A detailed finite element analysis to simulate exactly the welding process was carried out, and the resulting temperature history was used to calculate the residual stress distribution in the plate for characterizing the observed stress corrosion cracking. It was shown that the cracking can be predicted for the through-thickness cracks perpendicular to the weld by comparing the experimental KISCC to the calculated stress intensity factors due to the welding residual stress. The predicted crack lengths agree reasonably well with the test data. The final crack lengths appear to be dependent on the details of welding and the sequence of machining the seed cracks, consistent with the prediction.
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Lam, P. S., P. E. Zapp, J. M. Duffey, and K. A. Dunn. "Stress Corrosion Cracking in Tear Drop Specimens." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77432.

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Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of 304L stainless steel used to construct the containment vessels for the storage of plutonium-bearing materials. The tear drop corrosion specimens each with an autogenous weld in the center were placed in contact with moist plutonium oxide and chloride salt mixtures. Cracking was found in two of the specimens in the heat affected zone (HAZ) at the apex area. Finite element analysis was performed to simulate the specimen fabrication for determining the internal stress which caused SCC to occur. It was found that the tensile stress at the crack initiation site was about 30% lower than the highest stress which had been shifted to the shoulders of the specimen due to the specimen fabrication process. This finding appears to indicate that the SCC initiation took place in favor of the possibly weaker weld/base metal interface at a sufficiently high level of background stress. The base material, even subject to a higher tensile stress, was not cracked. The relieving of tensile stress due to SCC initiation and growth in the HAZ and the weld might have foreclosed the potential for cracking at the specimen shoulders where higher stress was found.
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Sutherby, Robert L. "The CEPA Report on Circumferential Stress Corrosion Cracking." In 1998 2nd International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc1998-2057.

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According to the NEB Report of the recent inquiry on pipeline stress corrosion cracking (NEB Order No. MH-2-95), six of the Canadian failures to that time had been leaks resulting from circumferentially-oriented cracks. A review has been made of the five CEPA leaks; two leaks from non-CEPA companies; and a case of non-leaking circumferential SCC, also from CEPA. All of the Canadian cases occurred in regions of west and central Alberta. Circumferential stress corrosion cracking is a rare cause of pipeline leakage. Canadian cases have occurred in very specific conditions that exist in only a small proportion of the regions where pipelines operate. All cases of circumferential SCC, to date, have occurred under either polyethylene tape or a polyethylene backed shrink sleeve. The SCC appears to have been of the neutral-pH form and initiated and grew in response to high axial stresses generated by soil creep and/or localized pipe bending on slopes of 10° or greater. In this sense, circumferential SCC is a manifestation of a geotechnical instability in an area of SCC susceptibility. It would be prudent for operators of susceptible pipelines to consider the potential risks of such failures and to manage those risks accordingly. Management of circumferential SCC may be largely achieved by effective management of geotechnical concerns on slopes. Geotechnical programs directed toward preventing soil movement or pipe loading could have benefit with respect to preventing circumferential SCC in susceptible areas. Other management approaches, involving in-line inspection tools, may also be found to have benefit. Given that circumferential SCC (C-SCC) is driven by geotechnical instability, a significant research effort directed specifically toward C-SCC is not considered warranted at this time. Rather, geotechnical research will augment SCC research in progress to provide insight and capabilities to manage the concern. To assist pipeline operators, CEPA will issue, in 1998, a revision of the SCC Recommended Practices providing guidance to manage this concern.
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Reports on the topic "Stress cracking"

1

Bell, G. (Irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7010172.

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Parrington, R. J., J. J. Scott, and F. Torres. Residual stresses and stress corrosion cracking in pipe fittings. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/41395.

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Lee, E. U., R. Taylor, C. Lei, B. Pregger, and E. Lipnickas. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Aluminum Alloys. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada568598.

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Lee, Eun U., Henry Sanders, and Bhaskar Sarkar. Stress Corrosion Cracking of High Strength Steels. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada375902.

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Rogers, C. E. Stress Cracking of Polyethylene in Organic Liquids. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada165733.

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Grama, Ananth. Hierarchical Petascale Simulation Framework For Stress Corrosion Cracking. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1111099.

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Colleen Shelton-Davis. Fuel Canister Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility Experimental Results. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/911541.

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Sieradzki, K. De-alloying and stress-corrosion cracking. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/674981.

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Maiya, P. S., W. K. Soppet, J. Y. Park, T. F. Kassner, W. J. Shack, and D. R. Diercks. Stress corrosion cracking of candidate waste container materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/138144.

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Vashishta, Priya. Hierarchical Petascale Simulation Framework for Stress Corrosion Cracking. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1164641.

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