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Academic literature on the topic 'Stress biotique abiotique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Stress biotique abiotique"
Hamon, Serge, Maria Manzanares-Dauleux, and Didier Picard. "Biotechnologies végétales et gestion durable des résistances face à des stress biotiques et abiotiques : avancées et enjeux." Cahiers Agricultures 18, no. 6 (November 2009): 459–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2009.0350.
Full textTarnawa, Ákos. "Biotikus és abiotikus stressz (VIII. Alpok–Adria Tudományos Tanácskozás, Neum, Bosznia-Hercegovina, 2009. április 27. – május 2.)." Agrokémia és Talajtan 58, no. 1 (June 1, 2009): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/agrokem.58.2009.1.16.
Full textDalpé, Yolande. "Les mycorhizes : un outil de protection des plantes mais non une panacée." Conférences [Symposium : Santé des racines, santé des plantes. Société de protection des plantes du Québec. 97e Assemblée annuelle (2005) Gatineau (Québec), 9 et 10 juin 2005] 86, no. 1 (November 22, 2005): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011715ar.
Full textAsselin, A. "Quelques enzymes végétales à potentiel antimicrobien." Phytoprotection 74, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706032ar.
Full textBelkadi, Bouchra, Nourredine Assali, and Ouafae Benlhabib. "Variation of specific morphological traits and ploidy level of five Aegilops L. species in Morocco." Acta Botanica Malacitana 28 (January 1, 2003): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v28i0.7265.
Full textMbodj, Ibrahima, Abdou Traore, Abdoulaye Ndour, Seydou Kane, and Souibou Seck. "Test d’adaptabilité de huit variétés de cotonnier (<i>Gossipium hirsutum L.</i>) dans la commune de Koussanar au Sénégal." Revue Africaine d’Environnement et d’Agriculture 6, no. 2 (July 3, 2023): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rafea.v6i2.11.
Full textBalogh, Nóra. "A növényfajok együttélését és fajgazdagságát befolyásoló biotikus tényezők száraz szikes gyepekben." Gyepgazdálkodási Közlemények 15, no. 1 (June 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.55725/gygk/2017/15/1/9603.
Full textAbdallah, Feriel Ben, William Philippe, and Jean-Pierre Goffart. "Utilisation de la fluorescence chlorophyllienne pour l’évaluation du statut azoté des cultures (synthèse bibliographique)." BASE, 2016, 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.12627.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Stress biotique abiotique"
Perrin, Florent. "Modification du métabolisme des caroténoïdes en réponse aux stress biotique et abiotique chez la carotte." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0027/document.
Full textCarrot presents a high nutritional interest as a carotenoid intake source. However, knowledge about accumulation mechanisms of these compounds is a major issue. While genetic determinism was relatively well studied, the impact of stresses on carotenoid accumulation in carrot remains unknown. This thesis work aims to determine (i) the impact of biotic and abiotic stresses applied individually or in combination on carotenoid contents in carrot leaves and roots, (ii) the regulation mechanisms which could explainthese variations and (iii) if secondary metabolism is specifically affected independently from primarymetabolism. Results bring to light a negative effect of the different stress conditions, particularly applied in combination, on carotenoid contents in carrot leaves and roots but depend on genotypes. Transcriptional regulation based on carotenoid biosynthetic genes can only partially explain contentvariations. Chlorophyll content variations in leaves and sugar content variations in roots are correlated to those of carotenoids suggesting common regulation mechanisms. This work shows that the impact of stress on culture, and particularly in combination, is an important determinism of nutritional quality. Further works need to be performed to establish a more precise regulation network pattern of carotenoid accumulation in carrot
Su, Fan. "Modifications physiologiques induites par Burkholderia phytofirmans chez Arabidopsis thaliana. Applications à la protection contre les stress biotique et abiotique." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS032.
Full textEndophytic PGPR Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN (Bp) promotes growth of various plants and triggers protection against several environmental stresses. To get more insights into the interaction between plant and Bp, we focused on leaf physiological and metabolic aspects of Arabidopsis thaliana. We also determined the mechanisms involved in the defense of leaves after inoculation of the bacteria followed by an abiotic (cold) or a biotic (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, Pst) stress. Our results show that the induction of growth promotion of A. thaliana by Bp could be related to the accumulation of primary metabolite levels (amino acids, soluble carbohydrates and vitamins) and to the variation of hormone levels in the leaves. Leaf physiology and metabolism are changed locally and distally by Bp epi- and endophytic colonization. In addition, changes in metabolite levels are more pronounced after a relatively long interaction between plant and bacteria.Moreover, Bp inoculation can also reduce cold injury on the photosynthetic activity by a non-stomatal limitation of photosynthesis and accumulation of photosynthetic pigments. Finally, the local presence of Bp causes a delay in the development of Pst, but only in the early stages of the infection. However, the inoculation with Bp does not protect the photosynthetic apparatus during Pst attack.Thus, our results emphasize that the time of presence of a PGPR and his location in the plant could influence the plant physiology and stress tolerance
Bianchetti, Grégoire. "Impacts de stress biotique et abiotique sur l’acquisition de la qualité nutritionnelle et physiologique de la graine de colza (Brassica napus L.)." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021NSARB250.
Full textSeed quality acquisition is an environmental moduled process that is finely controlled by the expression of many interconnected molecular and metabolic actors. Current climate projections predict that crops will be exposed to an increase of multiple and combined environmental constraints, leading to complex and generally non-deductible impacts. A better knowledge of these impacts on seed development, still poorly studied, appears thus as a relevant lever to enhance environmental resilience of agricultural productions. This thesis work is part of this scientific theme and sought to answer the following question: what are the impacts of a combination of biotic and abiotic stress on the yield elaboration and seed quality acquisition of the rapeseed?To answer this question, two rapeseed genotypes were grown in a large experimental device and subjected to a combination of stresses that are major for this crop, the water deficit and clubroot, caused by the pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae. Signature impacts of water deficit on plants and mature seed quality have been identified using physiological and metabolic data, as well as germination kinetics. Subsequently, RNAseq, metabolic and physiological data, were used for the characterization of the rapeseed transcritional developing seed gene transcrotions and quality acquisition. The correlations between these modulations and their agronomic perspectives are discussed
Khong, Ngan Giang. "Etude fonctionnelle de facteurs de transcription OsMADS25 et OsMADS26 dans le développement et dans la réponse aux différents stress biotique et abiotique chez le riz." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20120.
Full textMADS-box transcription factors (TF) have been mostly characterized for their involvement of plant development such as floral organogenesis and flowering time. Some of them are involved in stress related developmental processes such as abscission, fruit ripening and senescence. Overexpression of the rice OsMADS26 TF suggested a function in stress response. Here we report that OsMADS26 interfered lines presented a better resistance against two major pathogens of rice, Xanthomonas oryzae (Xoo) and Magnaportae oryzae (Mo) and a better recovery capacity after a water stress period. Transcriptome analysis revealed that several biotic and abiotic stresses related genes were up regulated in OsMADS26 interfered lines. In addition QPCR analysis showed that the expression of a set of biotic and abiotic genes was induced when OsMADS26 interfered lines were infected by Xoo or submitted to a water stress. This indicated that OsMADS26 is a negative regulator of biotic and abiotic stress response in rice. Taking in account the data previously published that showed that inducible overexpression of OsMADS26 resulted in the activation of expression of genes involved in jasmonic acid or reactive oxygen species biosynthesis, we postulate that OsMADS26 may be a hub regulator of stress response in rice and that it may be posttranscriptional regulated to modulate negatively or positively rice response to various stresses.In addition we have shown in this thesis that an insertion mutant line disrupting the OsMADS25 gene is characterized by a reduced number of tiller. This phenotype was also obtained in transgenic lines expressing the OsMADS25 transcription factor fused with a dominant motif inhibitor of transcription. Thissuggested that OsMADS25 is involved in the control of tiller development in rice.Key words: Rice, stress, blast, tillering, MADS-box, transcription factor, OsMADS26, OsMADS25, transcriptome
De, Bont Linda. "Importance de l'homéostasie du NAD dans la productivité et la résistance aux stress chez Arabidospis thaliana." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112283.
Full textThe harmonious development and functioning of plants depend on severalcofactors such asnicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Besides its roles in redox recycling,the NAD is alsoinvolved in cellular signalling processes, which are central actors instress situations. TheNAD is thus one of the main determinants of plant energy homeostasis,and therefore of cropyield. Through a reverse genetics approach targeting the L-aspartateoxidase (AO) – the firstcommitted enzyme of NAD biosynthesis – plants with constitutive eitherincreased ordecreased levels of pyridine nucleotides have been obtained. A furtherstudy of these plantsenabled to show that the NAD (1) can improve the growth, development andproductivity ofplants, (2) coordinates photosynthetic, respiratory and nitrogenmetabolisms, and (3) actsupon biotic and abiotic stress resistance mechanisms. This research isbeing valuedindustrially
Barreda, Léa. "Characterization of the seed specialized metabolome landscape and plasticity in Brassicaceae species." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASB048.
Full textSpecialized metabolites (SMs) play crucial roles in the interaction of plants and seeds with their environment. SM modifications greatly contribute to SM diversity and activities. Despite their importance for seed quality, the study of the impact of the environment on the synthesis, modification and accumulation of SMs in seeds has been neglected. Seeds accumulate both beneficial and antinutritional SMs with a large range of biological and ecological roles and significant importance for human and animal nutrition, and other industrial uses. Hence, study the diversity, distribution and regulation of SMs in seeds upon environmental stresses is of major relevance, especially in the current context of climate change. This is particularly true for seeds of Brassicaceae species, which include both model and crop species that are widely cultivated across the world and used/consumed as vegetables, fodder, or oilseeds. These species show diverse SM composition and distribution, which makes them valuable models to study the impacts of environmental stresses on seed SMs. This Ph.D. project aimed at characterizing the diversity and plasticity of seed specialized metabolites in Brassicaceae species under environmental stresses by using multi-omic, molecular biology and reverse genetic approaches. In a first study, the diversity and plasticity of seed SMs from several Camelina sativa genotypes cultivated in open field for several consecutive years were assessed. The results obtained showed that the accumulation of SMs in Camelina seeds was more impacted by the environmental conditions rather than the genotype, and that the plasticity of SMs was higher compared to those of major seed storage compounds, including oil, proteins, and other primary metabolites. A second study aimed to evaluate the impact of stress conditions on developing seeds of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. Heat stress (HS) was found to induce the strongest changes in seed specialized metabolome, compared to drought stress and copper chloride stress (inducing oxidative stress and mimicking biotic stress effects). Hence, the study has been focused on studying the effect of HS on specialized metabolome during Arabidopsis seed development by using multi-omic analyses (untargeted metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses). A wide range of SMs and genes were affected by HS during seed development. Among them, glucosinolates (GSLs) related to ALKENYL HYDROXALKYL PRODUCING 3 (AOP3) GSL hydroxylase enzyme were strongly induced by HS. Besides, several thioglucose sinapoylated and benzoylated GSLs were identified and reported for the first time. Untargeted metabolomic and physiological analyses were performed with several Arabidopsis mutants for GSL-related genes and wild-type genotype, in order to elucidate the synthesis, modifications, regulation and functions of those thioglucose acylated GSLs. The obtained results showed that the acyltransferase SERINE CARBOXYPEPTIDASE LIKE 17 (SCPL17) and BENZOYLGLUCOSINOLATE 1 (BZO1) are involved in the sinapoylation and/or benzoylation of GSL thioglucose moieties and that thioglucose benzoylated and sinapoylated GSLs are involved in Arabidopsis HS responses in seeds. Finally, to study and characterize seed SM distribution, multi-omic analyses have been performed on C. sativa seed embryo (SE) and seed coat and endosperm (SCE) tissues from developing and germinating seeds. The data obtained revealed some specific accumulation pattern of GSLs and related degradation products in the different seed tissues of C. sativa, A. thaliana and Brassica napus species that provide valuable complementary information to the previously described work about GSL functions and activities. In particular, the short methionine derived (Met-de) GSLs (<8C) accumulated in SE, while longer Met-de GSLs (>7C) accumulated in SC. Differently, GSL degradation products accumulation showed diverse accumulation patterns in the three Brassicaceae species
Jaquet, Mathilde. "Le microbiote des hôtes intermédiaires escargots et des moustiques vecteurs de zoonoses sous contraintes génétiques et environnementales : une approche de la capacité vectorielle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PERP0032.
Full textIn light of the significant increase in the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases worldwide, it is crucial to understand the factors involved in these events. Among these factors, food resources and the microbiome appear central in the tripartite relationship composed of the host, the pathogens it transmits, and the environment. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to identify the links between biotic and abiotic environmental factors, the microbiome, and vector competence in mollusks and arthropods that vector zoonotic diseases. This research has enhanced our understanding of the bacterial communities within the microbiome of natural populations of Bulinus truncatus and Galba truncatula, and has studied the influence of environmental factors and host genetics on these communities. It has also evaluated the link between plant-based food resources and the vector competence of laboratory populations of Aedes albopictus. These studies provide new and relevant insights into how interactions between the environment, the microbiome, and host vector competence can influence the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases, offering perspectives for managing infectious diseases and identifying high-risk areas for emergence
Trontin, Charlotte. "Decoding the complexity of natural variation for shoot growth and response to the environment in Arabidopsis thaliana." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00998373.
Full textForey, Estelle. "Importance de la perturbation, du stress et des interactions biotiques sur la diversité végétale des dunes littorales d'Aquitaine." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13487.
Full textMagnan, Fabienne. "Analyse fonctionnelle d'une protéine de type calmoduline d'Arabidopsis thaliana (AtCML9) : rôle dans les réponses des plantes aux contraintes de l'environnement." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30041.
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