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Journal articles on the topic 'Streptococcus pneumoniae'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Park, Hee Kuk, Sang-Jae Lee, Jang Won Yoon, Jong Wook Shin, Hyoung-Shik Shin, Joong-Ki Kook, Soon Chul Myung, and Wonyong Kim. "Identification of the cpsA gene as a specific marker for the discrimination of Streptococcus pneumoniae from viridans group streptococci." Journal of Medical Microbiology 59, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 1146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.017798-0.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae, the aetiological agent of pneumonia and non-gonococcal urethritis, shares a high degree of DNA sequence identity with the viridans group of streptococci, particularly Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus oralis. Although their clinical and pathological manifestations are different, discrimination between S. pneumoniae and its close viridans cocci relatives is still quite difficult. Suppression subtractive hybridization was performed to identify the genomic differences between S. pneumoniae and S. mitis. Thirty-four resulting S. pneumoniae-specific clones were examined by sequence determination and comparative DNA sequence analysis using blast. S. pneumoniae-specific primers were subsequently designed from one of the clonal DNA sequences containing the cps gene (coding for capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis). The primer specificities were evaluated using 49 viridans streptococci including 26 S. pneumoniae, 54 other streptococci, 14 Lactococcus species, 14 Enterococcus species and three Vagococcus species, and compared with the specificities of previously described autolysin (lytA), pneumolysin (ply), Spn9802 and Spn9828 primers. The newly designed cpsA-specific primer set was highly specific to S. pneumoniae and was even better than the existing primers. These findings may help improve the rapid identification and differentiation of S. pneumoniae from closely related members of the viridans group streptococci.
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2

Kim, Gyu-Lee, Seung-Han Seon, and Dong-Kwon Rhee. "Pneumonia and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine." Archives of Pharmacal Research 40, no. 8 (July 22, 2017): 885–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12272-017-0933-y.

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3

Гатагонова, Tamara Gatagonova, Цаллагова, Olga Tsallagova, Болиева, and Laura Bolieva. "Antibiotic resistance of strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the republic of North Ossetia-Alania." Vladikavkaz Medico-Biological Bulletin 20, no. 30 (November 1, 2014): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11806.

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An increase of antibiotic resistance of bacteria, in particular, Streptococcus pneumoniae, has been registered recently in most developed countries. This necessitates the study of regional characteristics of etiological structure of causative bacterial agents of community-acquired pneumonia and their sensitivity to antibiotics. The aim of the study was to study the spectrum of bacterial pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia and the sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae to antimicrobial agents in hospitalized patients in the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania. Bacteriological examination of sputum with definition of sensitivity of isolated strains of bacteria to antibiotics was performed in 270 patients with community-acquired pneumonia. According to our data, the main causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania is Streptococcus pneumoniae. III generation cephalosporins, respiratory fluoroquinolones, macrolides, showed high activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients. Low activity of natural and semi-synthetic penicillins was shown. The obtained results allow optimizing of antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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4

Limelette, Anne, Thomas Guillard, Marie Laure Boubee, Jean Sébastien Petit, Véronique Vernet-Garnier, Antoine Grillon, Olivier Toubas, and Christophe De Champs. "Necrotizing pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae." Annales de biologie clinique 73, no. 4 (July 2015): 491–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/abc.2015.1064.

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5

Palmer, D. L. "Laboratory Diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia." Journal of Infectious Diseases 151, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/151.2.378.

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6

Bauer, Torsten, Santiago Ewig, María A. Marcos, Gerhard Schultze-Werninghaus, and Antoni Torres. "STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE IN COMMUNITY-AQUIRED PNEUMONIA." Medical Clinics of North America 85, no. 6 (November 2001): 1367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70385-0.

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7

Olarte, Liset, and Mary Anne Jackson. "Streptococcus pneumoniae." Pediatrics in Review 42, no. 7 (July 2021): 349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.2020-0062.

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8

Eagle, Kim, and David M. Phillips. "Streptococcus pneumoniae." New England Journal of Medicine 329, no. 7 (August 12, 1993): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199308123290706.

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9

Vaughan, David J., Glenn S. Tillotson, and Keith P. Klugman. "Streptococcus pneumoniae." Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 15, no. 2 (March 2007): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.idc.0000239722.78078.17.

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10

SHEFF, BARBARA. "Streptococcus pneumoniae." Nursing 29, no. 3 (March 1999): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00152193-199903000-00006.

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11

Geslin, P., A. Fremaux, and G. Sissia. "Streptococcus pneumoniae." Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses 21, no. 4 (April 1991): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-077x(05)81406-4.

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12

&NA;. "STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE." Shock 14, no. 5 (November 2000): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-200014050-00015.

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13

Greenberg, David. "Streptococcus pneumoniae." Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 48, no. 2 (April 2015): S16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2015.02.157.

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14

Tang, Kuo-Shu, Chih-Min Tsai, Ming-Chou Cheng, Ying-Hsien Huang, Chih-Hao Chang, and Hong-Ren Yu. "Salivary Biomarkers to Differentiate between Streptococcus pneumoniae and Influenza A Virus-Related Pneumonia in Children." Diagnostics 13, no. 8 (April 18, 2023): 1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13081468.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is common among children and can be fatal in certain conditions. In children, CAP can be caused by viral or bacterial infections. Identification of pathogens can help select appropriate therapeutic strategies. Salivary analysis may be a potential diagnostic tool because it is noninvasive, patient-friendly, and easy to perform in children. A prospective study was conducted in children with pneumonia admitted to a hospital. Salivary samples from patients with definite Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A strains were used for gel-free (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)) proteomics. No statistically significant difference was detected in salivary CRP levels between Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A pneumonia in children. Several potential salivary biomarkers were identified using gel-free iTRAQ proteomics to differentiate pneumonia from Streptococcus pneumoniae or influenza A virus infections in pediatric patients. ELISA validated that Streptococcus pneumoniae group has a higher abundance of salivary alpha 1-antichymotrypsin than those in the influenza A group. Whether these salivary biomarkers can be used to distinguish other bacteria from viral pneumonia requires further verification.
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15

Koshkarina, Е. A., O. V. Kovalishena, N. V. Saperkin, V. V. Krasnov, Р. G. Zubarov, and O. М. Chekanina. "Assessment of current laboratory diagnosis of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia." Fundamental and Clinical Medicine 5, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23946/2500-0764-2020-5-4-21-29.

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Aim. To investigate the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised children and to evaluate the accuracy of the methods for its laboratory confirmation. Materials and Methods. We performed descriptive and cross-sectional epidemiological studies. Results of the rapid immunochromatographic assay (ICT) were compared with those obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. DNA of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae was found in 65.5% and 13.8% of the patients. Microbial associations were observed in 13.7% of patients (Mycoplasma pneumoniae + Streptococcus pneumoniae, 10.3%; Streptococcus pneumoniae + Haemophilus influenzae, 3.4%). Chlamydophila pneumoniae and SARS-CoV-2 were not detected. The cause of community-acquired pneumonia was not identified in 6.9% of the cases. A diagnostic accuracy of ICT was 27.58% and its sensitivity was relatively small (9.09%; 95% CI 1; 29), compared with a relatively high specificity (85.7%; 95% CI 42; 100). Conclusions. Rapid ICT assay must be accompanied by the PCR or other diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia in children.
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16

Khairani, Tetty Noverita, Khairani Fitri, Loura Novilla, Fahma Shufyani, and Liza Fiska. "Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol Bunga Tapak Dara (Catharanthus roseus) Terhadap Bakteri Streptococcus pneumoniae dan Bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae." Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences 5, no. 2 (December 12, 2022): 438–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v5i2.162.

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Pendahuluan: Pneumonia adalah infeksi akut yang mengenai jaringan paru-paru (alveoli) yang dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri, virus, dan jamur. Sebagian besar disebabkan oleh bakteri. Adapun gejala berupa panas tinggi disertai batuk berdahak, napas cepat (frekuensi nafas >50 kali/menit), sesak, serta gejala lainnya (sakit kepala, gelisah dan nafsu makan berkurang). Tujuan: untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti bakteri dan konsentrasi yang paling baik dari ekstrak metanol bunga tapak dara terhadap bakteri Streptococcus pneumonia dan Klebsiella pneumoniae. Metode: pada penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimental, yaitu kegiatan percobaan yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui variable bebas, variabel terikat dan juga parameter dari penelitian. Tahap penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel, pembuatan simplisia, pembuatan ekstrak, pengujian karateristik simplia dan ekstrak, uji daya hambat ekstrak bunga tapak dara terhadap bakteri patogen (Streptococcus pneumoniae dan Klebsiella pneumoniae) dengan perbandingan antibiotik doksisiklin. Hasil: ekstrak metanol bunga tapak dara memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus pneumonia dan Klebsiella pneumonia. Dimana uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol bunga tapak dara pada bakteri Streptococcus pneumonia menunjukkan rata-rata zona hambat masing konsentrasi yaitu : 10% (12,6 mm), 15% (13,26 mm), 20% (15,26 mm). Dan pada bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae menunjukkan rata-rata zona hambat masing konsentrasi yaitu 10% (12,86 mm), 15% (13,71 mm), 20% (15,86 mm). Kesimpulan: bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga tapak dara memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan konsentrasi yang paling baik untuk menghambat bakteri Streptococcus pneumonia dan Klebsiella pneumonia adalah konsentrasi 20%.
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17

Guan, Shanshan, Ketong Zhu, Yanjiao Dong, Hao Li, Shuang Yang, Song Wang, and Yaming Shan. "Exploration of Binding Mechanism of a Potential Streptococcus pneumoniae Neuraminidase Inhibitor from Herbaceous Plants by Molecular Simulation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3 (February 3, 2020): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031003.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause diseases such as pneumonia. Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy for Streptococcus pneumoniae is increasingly limited due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains. The development of novel drugs is still currently of focus. Abundant polyphenols have been demonstrated to have antivirus and antibacterial ability. Chlorogenic acid is one of the representatives that has been proven to have the potential to inhibit both the influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, for such a potential neuraminidase inhibitor, the interaction mechanism studies between chlorogenic acid and Streptococcus pneumoniae neuraminidase are rare. In the current study, the binding mechanism of chlorogenic acid and Streptococcus pneumoniae neuraminidase were investigated by molecular simulation. The results indicated that chlorogenic acid might establish the interaction with Streptococcus pneumoniae neuraminidase via hydrogen bonds, salt bridge, and cation-π. The vital residues involved Arg347, Ile348, Lys440, Asp372, Asp417, and Glu768. The side chain of Arg347 might form a cap-like structure to lock the chlorogenic acid to the active site. The results from binding energy calculation indicated that chlorogenic acid had strong binding potential with neuraminidase. The results predicted a detailed binding mechanism of a potential Streptococcus pneumoniae neuraminidase inhibitor, which will be provide a theoretical basis for the mechanism of new inhibitors.
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18

Al-Kaabi, Nawal, Ziad Solh, Samantha Pacheco, Louise Murray, Isabelle Gaboury, and Nicole Le Saux. "A Comparison of Group A Streptococcus Versus Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia." Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 25, no. 11 (November 2006): 1008–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000243198.63255.c1.

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19

Toikka, P. "Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae coinfection in community acquired pneumonia." Archives of Disease in Childhood 83, no. 5 (November 1, 2000): 413–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.83.5.413.

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20

Sodik, Jajang, and Yani Mulyani. "Penicillin Binding Protein Mutation and Beyond: A Comprehensive Approach to Addressing Streptococcus pneumoniae Resistance." Sciences of Pharmacy 2, no. 1 (March 28, 2023): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.58920/sciphar02010050.

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Antibiotic resistance is a critical issue that threatens global health. Streptococcus pneumoniae, a common respiratory pathogen, has developed resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, which is of great concern. The primary mechanism of β-lactam resistance in S. pneumoniae is the acquisition of PBP genes from related species through recombination, resulting in changes in penicillin-binding proteins that affect cell wall synthesis. This mini-review summarized the understanding of β-lactam resistance in S. pneumoniae, focusing on the mechanisms and factors influencing resistance development. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar, with the keywords ‘Resistant Streptococcus pneumonia’, ‘Mechanism of Streptococcus pneumoniae resistant’, and ‘Penicillin Resistant on Binding Protein of Streptococcus pneumonia’. Our literature review revealed that the prevalence of β-lactam resistance in S. pneumoniae has increased, leading to treatment failures and mortality rates. In addition to acquiring PBP genes, mutations in other PBP and non-PBP genes can contribute to resistance. Furthermore, S. pneumoniae has intrinsic resistance to various antibiotics, including first-generation polypeptides, aminoglycosides, and quinolones. Our review highlights the importance of understanding the complex mechanisms of β-lactam resistance and the need for continued efforts to monitor and control antibiotic resistance in S. pneumoniae. Further research is needed to explore novel strategies for combating antibiotic resistance in this pathogen.
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阮, 金平. "Research Progress on Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia and Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children." Advances in Clinical Medicine 13, no. 04 (2023): 5262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/acm.2023.134745.

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22

İnan Sarıkaya, Rukiye, and Ömer Karaşahin. "Benign Purpura Secondary to Streptococcus pneumoniae Associated Pneumonia." Flora the Journal of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology 28, no. 3 (September 22, 2023): 569–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5578/flora.20239729.

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23

Jinno, Sadao, and Michael R. Jacobs. "Pneumonia Due to Drug-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae." Current Infectious Disease Reports 14, no. 3 (April 4, 2012): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11908-012-0260-x.

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24

Shorr, A., M. Zilberberg, S. Micek, and M. Kollef. "Azithromycin and Mortality in Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia." Chest 142, no. 4 (October 2012): 147A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.1383017.

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25

Abu-Helalah, Munir, Asma’a Al-Mnayyis, Hamed Alzoubi, Ruba Al-Abdallah, Hussein Jdaitawi, Omar Nafi, Kamel Abu-Sal, et al. "Epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes in Jordan Amongst Children Younger than the Age of 5: A National Cross-Sectional Study." Vaccines 11, no. 9 (August 22, 2023): 1396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091396.

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Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In Jordan, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are not included in the national vaccination program. Due to the current availability of several PCVs, including PCV-10, PCV-13, and PCV-15, along with PCV-20, currently undergoing pediatric approvals globally, the decision to introduce PCVs and their selection should be based on valid local data on the common serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the frequency of serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in children aged below 5 years hospitalized with invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs), including pneumonia, septicemia, and meningitis, during the study’s duration in representative areas of Jordan. Serotyping for culture-positive cases was based on the capsular reaction test, known as the Quellung reaction. qPCR was conducted on the blood samples of patients with lobar pneumonia identified via X-ray or on cerebrospinal fluid for those with a positive latex agglutination test for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Results: This study was based on the analysis of the serotypes of 1015 Streptococcus pneumoniae cases among children younger than the age of 5: 1006 cases with pneumonia, 6 cases with meningitis, and 3 cases with septicemia. Only 23 culture-positive cases were identified in comparison to 992 lobar pneumonia cases, which were PCR-positive but culture-negative, with a PCR positivity rate of 92%. Serotypes 6B, 6A, 14, and 19F were the most common serotypes identified in this study, with prevalence rates of 16.45%, 13.60%, 12.12%, and 8.18%, respectively. PCV-10, PCV-13, PCV-15, and PCV-20 coverage rates were 45.32%, 61.87%, 64.14%, and 68.47%, respectively. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest prospective study from the Middle East and one of the largest studies worldwide showing the serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. It reveals the urgency for the introduction of a PCV vaccination in Jordan, utilizing recently developed vaccines with a broader serotype coverage.
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Balsalobre, Luz, María José Ferrándiz, Josefina Liñares, Fe Tubau, and Adela G. de la Campa. "Viridans Group Streptococci Are Donors in Horizontal Transfer of Topoisomerase IV Genes to Streptococcus pneumoniae." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 7 (July 2003): 2072–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.7.2072-2081.2003.

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ABSTRACT A total of 46 ciprofloxacin-resistant (Cipr) Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were isolated from 1991 to 2001 at the Hospital of Bellvitge. Five of these strains showed unexpectedly high rates of nucleotide variations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of their parC, parE, and gyrA genes. The nucleotide sequence of the full-length parC, parE, and gyrA genes of one of these isolates revealed a mosaic structure compatible with an interspecific recombination origin. Southern blot analysis and nucleotide sequence determinations showed the presence of an ant-like gene in the intergenic parE-parC regions of the S. pneumoniae Cipr isolates with high rates of variations in their parE and parC QRDRs. The ant-like gene was absent from typical S. pneumoniae strains, whereas it was present in the intergenic parE-parC regions of the viridans group streptococci (Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus oralis). These results suggest that the viridans group streptococci are acting as donors in the horizontal transfer of fluoroquinolone resistance genes to S. pneumoniae.
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Doerschuk, C. M., R. K. Winn, H. O. Coxson, and J. M. Harlan. "CD18-dependent and -independent mechanisms of neutrophil emigration in the pulmonary and systemic microcirculation of rabbits." Journal of Immunology 144, no. 6 (March 15, 1990): 2327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.144.6.2327.

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Abstract Neutrophil (PMN) migration in the systemic and pulmonary circulation of rabbits was compared by using different inflammatory stimuli to determine the role of the leukocyte adhesion complex, CD11/CD18, in each of these vascular beds. The adhesion complex was blocked by administering the anti-CD18 mAb 60.3. The data show that mAb 60.3 blocks PMN emigration into inflammatory foci in the abdominal wall produced by implanting sponges containing either hydrochloric acid, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli endotoxin, or PMA. mAb 60.3 also inhibited PMN emigration in response to peritoneal instillation of S. pneumoniae. The effect of mAb 60.3 on PMN emigration in the lungs varied depending upon the stimulus. PMN failed to migrate into the PMA-induced pneumonia; however, mAb 60.3 pretreatment only partially inhibited endotoxin-induced pneumonia and did not inhibit S. pneumoniae or hydrochloric acid-induced pneumonias. PMN lavaged from the alveolar spaces in the Streptococcal pneumonia had similar quantities of mAb 60.3 bound to their surfaces as the circulating PMN. We conclude that the CD11/CD18 complex mediates PMN adherence in the systemic circulation. However, PMN adherence in the pulmonary circulation may occur by either CD18-dependent or -independent mechanisms that are specific to the inciting stimulus.
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28

Mozef, Tjandrawati, Dodi Safari, Muhamad Eka Prastya, Vera Permatasari, and Chandra Risdian. "Optimization of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Reaction for Detecting Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes in Clinical Nasopharynx Swab Samples." E3S Web of Conferences 503 (2024): 07010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450307010.

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Current molecular PCR-based methods for identifying Streptococcus pneumoniae, the primary cause of pneumonia, meningitis, and other invasive diseases, are accurate but require expensive infrastructure and have a long run time, which restricts their use, particularly in developing countries. LAMP, or loop-mediated isothermal amplification, is a low-cost alternative to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that can be used quickly because the reaction only takes place at a constant temperature. We aimed to develop a LAMP assay for rapid detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in nasopharynx swab samples. The LAMP primers were designed using a conserved region of the lytA gene. An incubation time range of 30 to 60 minutes was studied to optimize the LAMP reaction. The real-time fluorescence intensity was monitored during the amplification reaction. Clinical nasopharynx swab samples identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae and their serotypes were tested to evaluate the performance of LAMP. To investigate the specificity of the LAMP, Streptococcus species samples and non-Streptococcus species samples were analyzed. In conclusion, the optimized LAMP assay is capable of detecting Streptococcus pneumoniae and its serotypes in nasopharynx swab samples.
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Wyllie, Anne L., Yvonne Pannekoek, Sandra Bovenkerk, Jody van Engelsdorp Gastelaars, Bart Ferwerda, Diederik van de Beek, Elisabeth A. M. Sanders, Krzysztof Trzciński, and Arie van der Ende. "Sequencing of the variable region of rpsB to discriminate between Streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococcal species." Open Biology 7, no. 9 (September 2017): 170074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.170074.

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The vast majority of streptococci colonizing the human upper respiratory tract are commensals, only sporadically implicated in disease. Of these, the most pathogenic is Mitis group member, Streptococcus pneumoniae . Phenotypic and genetic similarities between streptococci can cause difficulties in species identification. Using ribosomal S2-gene sequences extracted from whole-genome sequences published from 501 streptococci, we developed a method to identify streptococcal species. We validated this method on non-pneumococcal isolates cultured from cases of severe streptococcal disease ( n = 101) and from carriage ( n = 103), and on non-typeable pneumococci from asymptomatic individuals ( n = 17) and on whole-genome sequences of 1157 pneumococcal isolates from meningitis in the Netherlands. Following this, we tested 221 streptococcal isolates in molecular assays originally assumed specific for S. pneumoniae , targeting cpsA , lytA , piaB , ply , Spn9802, zmpC and capsule-type-specific genes. Cluster analysis of S2-sequences showed grouping according to species in line with published phylogenies of streptococcal core genomes. S2-typing convincingly distinguished pneumococci from non-pneumococcal species (99.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity). Molecular assays targeting regions of lytA and piaB were 100% specific for S. pneumoniae , whereas assays targeting cpsA , ply , Spn9802, zmpC and selected serotype-specific assays (but not capsular sequence typing) showed a lack of specificity. False positive results were over-represented in species associated with carriage, although no particular confounding signal was unique for carriage isolates.
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Abateneh, Dejene Derseh, Abera Kumalo Shano, and Teshale Worku Dedo. "Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Associated Factors among Children in Southwest Ethiopia." Open Microbiology Journal 14, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285802014010171.

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Background: In Ethiopia, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the predominant causative agent of pneumonia. About, 95% of bacterial pneumonia cases in under five years of children are caused by pneumococci. Objective: To assess the nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, its antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and associated factors among children in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 01, 2018, to December 30, 2018. A total of 293 children aged ≤15 years were included in the study using a systematic random sampling technique. A nasopharyngeal swab was collected using a sterile cotton swab and cultured on blood agar supplemented with 5μg/ml gentamicin. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: The ages of participants ranged from 5 months to 14 years. The carriage rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae was 74/293 (25.3%). Being within the age group <3 years, the habit of sleeping with parent(s)/guardians and numbers of rooms per household were significantly associated with pneumococcal carriage. Streptococcus pneumoniae showed the highest resistance to Tetracycline, 36 (48.65%), and Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 29 (39.2%), and was found to be susceptible to Chloramphenicol, 54 (77%), and Erythromycin, 38 (51.4%). Conclusion: The nasopharyngeal carriage rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae is considerably high. High antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae against Tetracycline and Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was observed. Living in a house with a single room, children’s habit of sleeping with parents/guardians and age are associated factors of high pneumococcal carriage. Strategies need to be designed to address the modifiable associated factors and the bacterium antibiotic resistance pattern should be monitored regularly.
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SANDS, MICHAEL, RICHARD B. BROWN, MARY RYCZAK, and WILLIAM HAMILTON. "Streptococcus pneumoniae Endocarditis." Southern Medical Journal 80, no. 6 (June 1987): 780–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007611-198706000-00029.

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32

Gottlieb, Tom. "Streptococcus Pneumoniae serotyping." Pathology 21, no. 2 (1989): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00313028909059555.

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33

Sadowy, Ewa, Agnieszka Bojarska, Alicja Kuch, Anna Skoczyńska, Keith A. Jolley, Martin C. J. Maiden, Andries J. van Tonder, Sven Hammerschmidt, and Waleria Hryniewicz. "Relationships among streptococci from the mitis group, misidentified as Streptococcus pneumoniae." European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 39, no. 10 (May 14, 2020): 1865–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03916-6.

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Abstract The aim of our study was to investigate phenotypic and genotypic features of streptococci misidentified (misID) as Streptococcus pneumoniae, obtained over 20 years from hospital patients in Poland. Sixty-three isolates demonstrating microbiological features typical for pneumococci (optochin susceptibility and/or bile solubility) were investigated by phenotypic tests, lytA and 16S rRNA gene polymorphism and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). All isolates had a 6-bp deletion in the lytA 3′ terminus, characteristic for Mitis streptococc and all but two isolates lacked the pneumococcal signature cytosine at nucleotide position 203 in the 16S rRNA genes. The counterparts of psaA and ply were present in 100% and 81.0% of isolates, respectively; the spn9802 and spn9828 loci were characteristic for 49.2% and 38.1% of isolates, respectively. Phylogenetic trees and networks, based on the multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) scheme, ribosomal multilocus sequence typing (rMLST) scheme and core-genome analysis, clearly separated investigated isolates from S. pneumoniae and demonstrated the polyclonal character of misID streptococci, associated with the Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae and Streptococcus mitis groups. While the S. pseudopneumoniae clade was relatively well defined in all three analyses, only the core-genome analysis revealed the presence of another cluster comprising a fraction of misID streptococci and a strain proposed elsewhere as a representative of a novel species in the Mitis group. Our findings point to complex phylogenetic and taxonomic relationships among S. mitis-like bacteria and support the notion that this group may in fact consist of several distinct species.
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Regev-Yochay, Gili, Krzysztof Trzciński, Claudette M. Thompson, Richard Malley, and Marc Lipsitch. "Interference between Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus: In Vitro Hydrogen Peroxide-Mediated Killing by Streptococcus pneumoniae." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 13 (July 1, 2006): 4996–5001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00317-06.

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ABSTRACT The bactericidal activity of Streptococcus pneumoniae toward Staphylococcus aureus is mediated by hydrogen peroxide. Catalase eliminated this activity. Pneumococci grown anaerobically or genetically lacking pyruvate oxidase (SpxB) were not bactericidal, nor were nonpneumococcal streptococci. These results provide a possible mechanistic explanation for the interspecies interference observed in epidemiologic studies.
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35

Stroo, Ingrid, Sacha Zeerleder, Chao Ding, Brenda Luken, Joris Roelofs, Onno de Boer, Joost Meijers, Francis Castellino, Cornelis van ’t Veer, and Tom van der Poll. "Coagulation factor XI improves host defence during murine pneumonia-derived sepsis independent of factor XII activation." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 117, no. 08 (2017): 1601–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th16-12-0920.

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SummaryBacterial pneumonia, the most common cause of sepsis, is associated with activation of coagulation. Factor XI (FXI), the key component of the intrinsic pathway, can be activated via factor XII (FXII), part of the contact system, or via thrombin. To determine whether intrinsic coagulation is involved in host defence during pneumonia and whether this is dependent on FXII activation, we infected in parallel wild-type (WT), FXI knockout (KO) and FXII KO mice with two different clinically relevant pathogens, the Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae and the Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae, via the airways. FXI deficiency worsened survival and enhanced bacterial outgrowth in both pneumonia models. This was accompanied with enhanced inflammatory responses in FXI KO mice. FXII KO mice were comparable with WT mice in Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia. On the contrary, FXII deficiency improved survival and reduced bacterial outgrowth following infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae. In both pneumonia models, local coagulation was not impaired in either FXI KO or FXII KO mice. The capacity to phagocytose bacteria was impaired in FXI KO neutrophils and in human neutrophils where activation of FXI was inhibited. Deficiency for FXII or blocking activation of FXI via FXIIa had no effect on phagocytosis. Taken together, these data suggest that FXI protects against sepsis derived from Streptococcus pneumoniae or Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia at least in part by enhancing the phagocytic capacity of neutrophils by a mechanism that is independent of activation via FXIIa.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
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Leris, Diana, and Media Rosha. "Model Matematika Penyebaran Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) Berdasarkan Lokasi Anatomi Akibat Bakteri Streptococcus Pneumoniae." Journal of Mathematics UNP 8, no. 2 (July 10, 2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/unpjomath.v8i2.14330.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacterium that attacks the human respiratory tract. Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria cause respiratory diseases in the form of pneumonia, otitis media, sinusitis, sepsis, peritonitis, and abscesses. The purpose of this study was to establish, analyze, and interpret the mathematical model of the spread of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) based on the anatomical location of the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. In the mathematical population formation model, the human population is divided into six population groups: susceptible, exposes, sinusitis infections, otitis media infections, pneumonia infections, and recovered. An analysis of the stability of the system around the equilibrium point produces two points, namely, disease-free points, which will be asymptotically stable if βπ<μ(μ+ε+ρ). While the endemic point of the desease will be asymptotically stable if βπ-μ(μ+ε+ρ>0.
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FUKANO, Hiroshi, Naoyuki MIYASHITA, Kimihiro MIMURA, Keiji MOURI, Kouichiro YOSHIDA, Yoshihiro KOBASHI, Yoshihito NIKI, and Toshiharu MATSUSHIMA. "Comparison of Clinical Presentation of Mixed Pneumonia with Chlamydia pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae and S. pneumoniae pneumonia." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 78, no. 2 (2004): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.78.108.

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38

Setiyani, Theresia, Dewi Klarita Furtuna, and Fatma Ria. "Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (<em>Ocimum basilicum</em> L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan <em>Streptococcus pneumonia</em>e Secara <em>In Vitro</em>." Herb-Medicine Journal: Terbitan Berkala Ilmiah Herbal, Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 5, no. 3 (January 2, 2023): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/hmj.v5i3.15840.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterium that causes community-acquired pneumonia. Basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) have antibacterial compounds. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that basil leaves contain saponins, tannins and essential oils which have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to prove the antibacterial effect of basil leaf extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) on the growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae . This study was conducted using the disc diffusion method, namely by soaking paper discs in basil leaf extract which had been prepared with concentration solutions of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% for 15-30 minutes, then incubated at 37oC for 24 hours, then observed. clear zone formed. The results of this study were clear zones formed at each concentration of basil leaf extract. Basil leaf extract at concentrations of 25%, 50% and 75% can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae and the minimum inhibitory concentration is 25%.Keywords: Basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.), Antibacterial, Streptococcus pneumoniae
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39

Sadowy, Ewa, and Waleria Hryniewicz. "Identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae and other Mitis streptococci: importance of molecular methods." European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 39, no. 12 (July 24, 2020): 2247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-020-03991-9.

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AbstractThe Mitis group of streptococci includes an important human pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) and about 20 other related species with much lower pathogenicity. In clinical practice, some representatives of these species, especially Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae and Streptococcus mitis, are sometimes mistaken for S. pneumoniae based on the results of classical microbiological methods, such as optochin susceptibility and bile solubility. Several various molecular approaches that address the issue of correct identification of pneumococci and other Mitis streptococci have been proposed and are discussed in this review, including PCR- and gene sequencing-based tests as well as new developments in the genomic field that represents an important advance in our understanding of relationships within the Mitis group.
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Углева, Т. Н., and О. Н. Ушакова. "ETIOLOGY OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN BEFORE AND AFTER AN ERA OF CONJUGATE VACCINES." Vestnik SurGU. Meditsina 16, no. 3 (2023): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35266/2304-9448-2023-3-75-82.

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The study aims to analyze changes in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children before and after use of conjugate vaccinations against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b in order to develop diagnostic strategies and empirical methods of treatment. The scientific literature on demographic indicators and the trigger profile of community-acquired pneumonia in children before and after massive use of conjugate vaccines in many countries was searched for in PubMed, Web of Science, and RISC and reviewed. Routine Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination rapidly lowered the morbidity and severity of community-acquired pneumonia in children. There was a dramatic decline in common bacterial triggers and an increase in viruses and atypical bacteria (Mycoplasma pneumoniae) in the etiology of community-ac- quired pneumonia in children.
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Zhu, Huiping, Jianjun Dong, Xufeng Xie, and Lei Wang. "Comparison between the molecular diagnostic test and chest X-ray combined with multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis of lobar pneumonia." Cellular and Molecular Biology 67, no. 3 (November 25, 2021): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2021.67.3.18.

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Lobar pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung that mainly affects the lobes of the lungs and the alveoli, and it is usually caused by a bacterial infection. There are many ways to diagnosis this disease. But an early and accurate method for lobar pneumonia diagnosis has an important role in its treatment. Therefore, in this study, a comparison between the molecular diagnostic test and chest x-ray combined with multi-slice spiral CT was done to find out better diagnosis of lobar pneumonia. For this purpose, 122 individuals suspected of lobar pneumonia were studied by clinical examination, chest X-ray, and multi-slice spiral CT. For the molecular diagnosis test, the multiplex PCR was used for two main causes of the disease, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Results showed that the specificity for Chest X-ray + Multi-slice Spiral CT had the highest amount (82.8%), but high sensitivity (100%) belonged to a molecular diagnostic test for both bacteria. On the other hand, the sensitivity and specificity of Streptococcus pneumoniae were better than Klebsiella pneumoniae and the possibility of error in Streptococcus pneumoniae was lower than Klebsiella pneumoniae. In general, although the Chest X-ray + Multi-slice Spiral CT method was better than the molecular diagnosis test, it could not identify the causative agent and did not show a difference between pathogens for better antibiotic treatment, and also the possibility of diagnosis is low at the beginning of the disease. Therefore, according to the results of the current study, the best way to diagnose lobar pneumonia is to use both methods, simultaneously.
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42

Andy Suryadi, A. Mu’thi, Moh Adam Mustapa, and Sintiya Basiru. "UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN KECUBUNG (Datura metel L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Streptococcus pneumonia DAN Klabsiella pneumonia." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 1, no. 3 (November 3, 2021): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37311/ijpe.v1i3.11776.

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Infectious disease is a disease caused by microbes, including bacteria. One of the microorganisms that often causes infectious disease is Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klabsiella pneumoniae. Based on empirical data, plant that has antimicrobial potential is amethyst leaves (Datura metel L.). This study aims to know the antibacterial activity and concertration of amethyst leaves (Datura metel L.) against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klabsiella pneumonia. This is an experimental study which includes antibacterial activity test, MIC (Minimum Inhibitor Concertration) test, MFC (Minimum Fungicidal Concertration) test, and bacterial potency test. The finding shows that the antibacterial activity test of amethyst leaves (Datura metel L.) methanol extract is able to inhibit bacterial growth of Streptococcus pneumonia at a minimum inhibitor concertration of 15% and an optimum concertration of 50% with an average of 16.33 mm and 19.30 mm. Meanwhile, for Klabsiella pneumoniae, the minimum inhibitor concertration is 20% and the optimum concertration is 50%, with an average of 13.82 mm and 17.73 mm. this is based on the results of One Way Anova data (a 0.01) with a 99% confidance level.
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Okabe, Teppei, Yosuke Kamiya, Takeshi Kikuchi, Hisashi Goto, Masayuki Umemura, Yuki Suzuki, Yoshihiko Sugita, et al. "Porphyromonas gingivalis Components/Secretions Synergistically Enhance Pneumonia Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in Mice." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 23 (November 24, 2021): 12704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312704.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important causative organism of respiratory tract infections. Although periodontal bacteria have been shown to influence respiratory infections such as aspiration pneumonia, the synergistic effect of S. pneumoniae and Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontopathic bacterium, on pneumococcal infections is unclear. To investigate whether P. gingivalis accelerates pneumococcal infections, we tested the effects of inoculating P. gingivalis culture supernatant (PgSup) into S. pneumoniae-infected mice. Mice were intratracheally injected with S. pneumoniae and PgSup to induce pneumonia, and lung histopathological sections and the absolute number and frequency of neutrophils and macrophages in the lung were analyzed. Proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression was examined by qPCR and ELISA. Inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in S. pneumoniae-infected mice and S. pnemoniae and PgSup mixed-infected mice, and mixed-infected mice showed more pronounced inflammation in lung. The ratios of monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils were not significantly different between the lungs of S. pneumoniae-infected mice and those of mixed-infected mice. PgSup synergistically increased TNF-α expression/production and IL-17 production compared with S. pneumoniae infection alone. We demonstrated that PgSup enhanced inflammation in pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae, suggesting that virulence factors produced by P. gingivalis are involved in the exacerbation of respiratory tract infections such as aspiration pneumonia.
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Altabe, Silvia, Paloma Lopez, and Diego de Mendoza. "Isolation and Characterization of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Auxotrophs of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus mutans." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 22 (September 7, 2007): 8139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01275-07.

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ABSTRACT Unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) biosynthesis is essential for the maintenance of membrane structure and function in many groups of anaerobic bacteria. Like Escherichia coli, the human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae produces straight-chain saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids. In E. coli UFA synthesis requires the action of two gene products, the essential isomerase/dehydratase encoded by fabA and an elongation condensing enzyme encoded by fabB. S. pneumoniae lacks both genes and instead employs a single enzyme with only an isomerase function encoded by the fabM gene. In this paper we report the construction and characterization of an S. pneumoniae 708 fabM mutant. This mutant failed to grow in complex medium, and the defect was overcome by addition of UFAs to the growth medium. S. pneumoniae fabM mutants did not produce detectable levels of monounsaturated fatty acids as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography analysis of the radiolabeled phospholipids. We also demonstrate that a fabM null mutant of the cariogenic organism Streptococcus mutants is a UFA auxotroph, indicating that FabM is the only enzyme involved in the control of membrane fluidity in streptococci. Finally we report that the fabN gene of Enterococcus faecalis, coding for a dehydratase/isomerase, complements the growth of S. pneumoniae fabM mutants. Taken together, these results suggest that FabM is a potential target for chemotherapeutic agents against streptococci and that S. pneumoniae UFA auxotrophs could help identify novel genes encoding enzymes involved in UFA biosynthesis.
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45

Doichinova, Tsetsa Georgieva. "Otogenic meningoencephalitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae." Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5799/ahinjs.02.2013.02.0087.

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46

Kadum Al-Araji, Mohammed. "New technique use to Rapid Isolation Pneumococcus bacteria from both Pneumococcus meningitis and Pneumococcus pneumonia infections in Iraq." AL-QADISIYAH MEDICAL JOURNAL 9, no. 16 (July 31, 2017): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.28922/qmj.2013.9.16.51-64.

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Pneumococcal pneumonia is more common in the very young and the very old ages. Pneumococci are the most common cause of meningitis in adults. Especially at risk are alcoholics and people with chronic otitis, sinusitis, mastoiditis. We compared the relative efficacy of three methods for the isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae microorganism in both pneumococcal meningitis and pneumococcal pneumonia in both lower respiratory secretion and cerebrospinal fluid depending on results from total speciemens collected (Cerebrospinal fluid and respiratory secretion). These 100 speciemens were subcultured on different three types of blood agar plates we found that Streptococcus pneumonia was isolated at a frequency of 70% with 5% sheep Blood Agar or 5% Sheep Blood Agar containing 5ug/ml of Gentamicin per milliliter, both incubated in 5% Co2. Anaerobic incubation of 5% sheep blood agar containing 5ug/ml of Gentamicin per milliliter enhanced the recovery rate of Streptococcus pneumonia to 90%. The differences in the recovery rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from both pneumococcal meningitis and pneumococcal pneumonia by various culture media and conditions were analyzed.
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47

Thamer, Roaa A., and Amera M.Al-Rawi. "Phenotypic and Molecular Investigation of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumolysin." Bionatura 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.02.57.

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The current study aimed to detect the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae by identifying Pneumolysin and determining the gene (ply) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study aimed to highlight the isolation and identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae using morphological, biochemical and Vitek, as well as investigation about pneumolysin phenotypically and molecularly through ply gene and sent the PCR products to sequencing by sanger method. Fifty sputum specimens were collected from patients at AL Salam Hospital, Iben Sina/ Mosul/ Iraq, from August 2021 to March 2022. The isolated bacteria were identified depending on morphology and biochemical properties; Vitek and the ply gene were detected by PCR technique. Five isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae showed the ability to produce pneumolysin when tested by a double agar layer. When PCR reaction was performed on the Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumolysin gene, the results on gel electrophoresis showed three bands with 238 bp, and the ratio of the presence of the ply gene was 80%. PCR products were then submitted to sequencing by the Sanger method, and the ply sequencing result showed Point mutations that nucleotide and amino acid change with location. Keywords: Streptococcus pneumonia; pneumolysin; ply gene; PCR sequencing.
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48

Bushueva, T. V., E. P. Karpova, N. A. Roslaya, V. B. Gurvich, A. K. Labzova, and Yu V. Gribova. "Immune response status and development of streptococcus pneumoniae carriage as health risk factors for workers engaged in coke production and basic oxygen steelmaking." Health Risk Analysis, no. 4 (December 2023): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2023.4.11.

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Occupational hazards affect immunological reactivity and increase the risk of infection with respiratory pathogens. The purpose of our work was to study the mechanisms and causes of developing carriage of streptococci possessing genetic determinants of resistance to antibiotics as health risk factors for workers engaged in coke production and basic oxygen steelmaking. We examined 136 workers of a ferrous metals industry and compared the prevalence of the carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp. and macrolide resistance genes (Mef, ErmB) in those engaged in coke production and basic oxygen steelmaking. We also collated the results of immunological examination of the carriers and non-carriers of S. pneumoniae. The control cohort was formed of engineering and technical personnel. We established that, compared with the controls, Streptococcus pneumoniae was a more frequent finding in the workers engaged in coke production and basic oxygen steelmaking (p ˂ 0.05). The cycle threshold value of Streptococcus spp. in them was also statistically higher. The Mef gene was more abundant in the steelmakers, including those carrying Streptococcus pneumoniae (p ˂ 0.05), and a change in immunological reactivity was detected in the cases carrying Streptococcus pneumoniae. In those engaged in basic oxygen steelmaking, significant changes were detected at the cellular level expressed by a reduced absolute number of mature T-lymphocytes (CD3+), T-helpers (CD4+), and T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells (CD8+) (p ≤ 0.05). At the humoral level, both the relative and absolute number of B-lymphocytes (CD19+) and the level of IgM were reduced, while that of IgG was, on the opposite, increased (p ≤ 0.05). In the coke plant workers carrying Streptococcus pneumoniae, the level of IgG was significantly higher than the control and reference values. We conclude that Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in the steelmakers as a health risk factor was accompanied by a change in immunological reactivity and higher abundance of the Mef gene compared to the controls while in the coke production workers the related differences were detected only in the IgG level.
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Bushueva, T. V., E. P. Karpova, N. A. Roslaya, V. B. Gurvich, A. K. Labzova, and Yu V. Gribova. "Immune response status and development of streptococcus pneumoniae carriage as health risk factors for workers engaged in coke production and basic oxygen steelmaking." Health Risk Analysis, no. 4 (December 2023): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2023.4.11.eng.

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Occupational hazards affect immunological reactivity and increase the risk of infection with respiratory pathogens. The purpose of our work was to study the mechanisms and causes of developing carriage of streptococci possessing genetic determinants of resistance to antibiotics as health risk factors for workers engaged in coke production and basic oxygen steelmaking. We examined 136 workers of a ferrous metals industry and compared the prevalence of the carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp. and macrolide resistance genes (Mef, ErmB) in those engaged in coke production and basic oxygen steelmaking. We also collated the results of immunological examination of the carriers and non-carriers of S. pneumoniae. The control cohort was formed of engineering and technical personnel. We established that, compared with the controls, Streptococcus pneumoniae was a more frequent finding in the workers engaged in coke production and basic oxygen steelmaking (p ˂ 0.05). The cycle threshold value of Streptococcus spp. in them was also statistically higher. The Mef gene was more abundant in the steelmakers, including those carrying Streptococcus pneumoniae (p ˂ 0.05), and a change in immunological reactivity was detected in the cases carrying Streptococcus pneumoniae. In those engaged in basic oxygen steelmaking, significant changes were detected at the cellular level expressed by a reduced absolute number of mature T-lymphocytes (CD3+), T-helpers (CD4+), and T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells (CD8+) (p ≤ 0.05). At the humoral level, both the relative and absolute number of B-lymphocytes (CD19+) and the level of IgM were reduced, while that of IgG was, on the opposite, increased (p ≤ 0.05). In the coke plant workers carrying Streptococcus pneumoniae, the level of IgG was significantly higher than the control and reference values. We conclude that Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in the steelmakers as a health risk factor was accompanied by a change in immunological reactivity and higher abundance of the Mef gene compared to the controls while in the coke production workers the related differences were detected only in the IgG level.
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Qian, Dong, Yu Longmei, Wang Shouwei, and Lin Shengxun. "Houttuynia Drip Improves Clinical Outcome in Elderly Patients with Refractory Pneumonia on Routine Treatment and Nursing Care." Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 22, no. 2 (July 31, 2023): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.22:386-391.

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We have analyzed the effect of Houttuynia administration on the distribution of the types of bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of elderly patients with refractory pneumonia. To this end, patients with refractory pneumonia were divided into two groups: the control group receiving conventional treatment and the experimental group receiving Houttuynia along with conventional treatment. There were no pathogenic bacteria detected in 56/104 patients, with 48/104 patients showing the presence of Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus pneumoniae was sensitive to ertapenem, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin; Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to vancomycin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin; and Klebsiella pneumoniae was sensitive to ofloxacin and levofloxacin. Gram-negative bacteria sensitive to antibiotics such as ofloxacin and levofloxacin were the main pathogens in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of refractory pneumonia patients. There was a significant (<0.05) increase in clinical efficacy of the conventional treatment from 76.9% to 92.3% following Houttuynia administration.
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