Relevant bibliographies by topics / Streptococcus

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Academic literature on the topic 'Streptococcus'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Streptococcus"

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SHOME, BIBEK RANJAN, MANI BHUVANA, SUSWETA DAS MITRA, NATESAN KRITHIGA, RAJESWARI SHOME, DHANIKACHALAM VELU, APALA BANERJEE, PINAKI PRASAD SENGUPTA, and HABIBAR RAHMAN. "Multiplex PCR for rapid detection of Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus dysgalactiae in subclinical mastitis milk." Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 82, no. 10 (October 11, 2012): 1137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v82i10.24279.

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To improve mastitis diagnosis and achieve rapid, specific, reliable and cost effective test, a multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection and differentiation of major streptococcal species, viz. Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus dysgalactiae was developed. Evaluation with 24 ATCC strains and 606 strains comprising streptococci (84) and staphylococci (522) showed the assay to be highly accurate. The threshold of detection of the mPCR assay was 10fg of genomic DNA and < 102 CFU ml-1. Assessment of 115 milk samples collected from subclinically infected herd, showed mPCR assay to be more efficacious than culture method. Identification of Streptococcus species using this assay will be crucial to determine prevalence of Streptococcus in a herd. This will facilitate early diagnosis, treatment and control of the rate of infection at farm level. The assay can be implemented for routine monitoring of herd health and can be of great value for promoting prevention of streptococcal mastitis.
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Grönroos, L., M. Saarela, J. Mättö, U. Tanner-Salo, A. Vuorela, and S. Alaluusua. "Mutacin Production by Streptococcus mutans May Promote Transmission of Bacteria from Mother to Child." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 2595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.6.2595-2600.1998.

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ABSTRACT The production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances, mutacins, by mutans streptococci varies among isolates. To find if the degree of mutacin activity of an isolate was related to its transmission between mother and her child, 19 mothers and their 18-month- to 3-year-old children were sampled for their oral mutans streptococci. In addition, the stability of mutacin activity was studied with isolates from the mothers and with isolates from five unrelated 5-year-old children in 5- to 7-year follow-up studies. A total of 145 oral mutans streptococcal isolates were serotyped by immunodiffusion, ribotyped, and mutacin typed by the stab culture technique. Mutacin was produced by 88% of the strains against more than 1 of the 14 indicator strains, representing mutans streptococci,Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Streptococcus mutans isolates showed more inhibitory activity than didStreptococcus sobrinus isolates. Identical ribotypes had similar mutacin activity profiles within a subject, initially and in the follow-up studies, in all but two cases. The mothers harbored a total of 37 different mutans streptococcal ribotypes. Six children were negative for mutans streptococci. Transmission was probable in 9 of 20 mother-child pairs on the basis of the presence of identical strains, as determined by ribotyping and bacteriocin (mutacin) typing. S. mutansstrains shared between a mother and her child showed a broader spectrum of inhibitory activity than did nontransmitted strains. In conclusion, the mutacin activity of clinical isolates is reasonably stable, and this virulence factor seems to be of clinical importance in early colonization by S. mutans.
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Mayanskiy, N. A., A. Z. Kvarchiya, E. A. Brzhozovskaya, O. A. Ponomarenko, O. A. Kryzhanovskaya, and Tatyana V. Kulichenko. "SPECIES DIVERSITY AND SENSITIVITY TO ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST ORAL STREPTOCOCCI ISOLATED IN CHILDREN." Russian Pediatric Journal 22, no. 3 (October 7, 2019): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2019-22-3-153-161.

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Oral streptococci can exchange genetic material with other bacteria colonizing the same loci of the body, their resistance profiles can serve as markers of the risk of the developing resistance to certain antibiotics in closely related bacteria, in particular, Streptococcus pneumoniae. Materials and Methods To describe the species composition of oral streptococci and to detect the profile of their sensitivity to a wide range of antibiotics there were investigated oral streptococcal isolates isolated from oropharyngeal smears sown in children of various ages with acute respiratory infections not receiving antibacterial therapy for selective streptococcal medium with penicillin (Pen, 1 mg/l) or erythromycin (Ery, 2 mg/l). 253 oropharyngeal smears were studied. Results. The most frequent sowings were Pen-resistant and Ery-resistant Streptococcus mitis, found in 158 (62.5%) and 169 (66.8%) studied, respectively. Ery-resistant Streptococcus salivarius group was detected in 107 (42.3%) samples, Pen-resistant streptococcus from this group were found much less frequently in 16 (6.3%) samples. Pen and Eri-resistant isolates of Streptococcus sanguinis group were present in 69 (27.3%) and 49 (19.4%) samples respectively. All the streptococcus specimens studied were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid and (except for one) levofloxacin; about 90% were sensitive to daptomycin, rifampicin and chloramphenicol. Sensitivity to tetracycline was lower at 57.5%. Multiple drug resistance (MDR; resistance to ≥3 groups of antibiotics) had 93 (58.1%) isolates; the most common combination of penicillin, erythromycin and tetracycline resistance was found in 53 (57%) MDR isolates. Streptococcus mitis/oralis were characterized by higher MPCs of penicillin, ampicillin and ceftriaxone, as well as the frequency of stable forms, including MDR, as compared to other streptococci. Streptococcus mitis, first S. mitis oralis group streptococcus predominate in the species structure of antibiotic-resistant oral streptocococci, among which MDR is widespread, including resistance to β-lactams.
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Brown, Alan E., Jeffrey D. Rogers, Elaine M. Haase, Peter M. Zelasko, and Frank A. Scannapieco. "Prevalence of the Amylase-Binding Protein A Gene (abpA) in Oral Streptococci." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 12 (1999): 4081–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.12.4081-4085.1999.

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Salivary amylase binds specifically to a number of oral streptococcal species. This interaction may play an important role in dental plaque formation. Recently, a 585-bp gene was cloned and sequenced from Streptococcus gordonii Challis encoding a 20.5-kDa amylase-binding protein (AbpA). The goal of this study was to determine if related genes are present in other species of oral streptococci. Biotinylated abpA was used in Southern blot analysis to screen genomic DNA from several strains representing eight species of oral streptococci. This probe hybridized with a 4.0-kbHindIII restriction fragment from all 13 strains ofS. gordonii tested. The probe did not appear to bind to any restriction fragments from other species of amylase-binding oral streptococci including Streptococcus mitis (with the exception of 1 of 14 strains), Streptococcus crista (3 strains), Streptococcus anginosus (1 strain), andStreptococcus parasanguinis (1 strain), or to non-amylase-binding oral streptococci including Streptococcus sanguinis (3 strains), Streptococcus oralis (4 strains), and Streptococcus mutans (1 strain). Primers homologous to sequences within the 3′ and 5′ ends of abpAyielded products of 400 bp following PCR of genomic DNA from the Southern blot-positive strains. Several of these PCR products were cloned and sequenced. The levels of similarity of these cloned products to the abpA of S. gordonii Challis ranged from 91 to 96%. These studies reveal that the abpA gene appears to be specific to S. gordonii and differs from genes encoding amylase-binding proteins from other species of amylase-binding streptococci.
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Nestorovic, Branimir, Suzana Laban-Nestorovic, Veselinka Paripovic, and Katarina Milosevic. "Value of rapid test for identification of beta hemolytic Streptococcus antigens in children with Streptococcal pharyngitis." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 132, suppl. 1 (2004): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh04s1039n.

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Beta-hemolytic group A streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes) is the most common bacterial agent associated with the upper respiratory tract infections in humans. The most frequently group A streptococcus-associated disease is pharyngitis. Males and females are equally affected by group A streptococcus. There is seasonal increase in the prevalence of group A streptococcus-associated pharyngitis. Streptococcal pharyngitis is most prevalent in winter and early spring with higher incidence of disease observed in crowded population such as school children. Early diagnosis and treatment of group A streptococcal pharyngitis has been shown to reduce the severity of symptoms and further complications such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. The conventional methods used for identification of group A streptococci depend on isolation and identification of the organism on blood agar plates. These methods usually require 18-24 hours of incubation at 37?C. Such delay in identifying the group A streptococcus has often made physicians to administer therapy without first disclosing the etiological agent. Development of immunologic tests, capable of detecting the group A streptococcal antigen directly from the throat swabs, produced rapid test results employed for better treatment of patients. STREP A test is a rapid immunochromatographic test for the detection of group A streptococci from throat swabs or culture. The accuracy of the test does not depend on the organism viability. Instead, group A strep antigen is extracted directly from the swab and identified using antibodies specific for the group A carbohydrates. We compared rapid test with conventional throat swab in 40 children, who met Centor criteria for streptococcal pharyngitis (absence of cough, high fever, purulent pharyngitis, enlarged and painful cervical lymph nodes). Overall congruence of rapid test and culture was 94%. Test is easy to perform and it is recommended as the first diagnostic test for management of children with streptococcal pharyngitis. In children with negative test, but with characteristics highly suggestive of streptococcal infection, throat culture should be performed.
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Woo, Patrick CY, Jade LL Teng, Kit-wah Leung, Susanna KP Lau, Herman Tse, Beatrice HL Wong, and Kwok-yung Yuen. "Streptococcus sinensis may react with Lancefield group F antiserum." Journal of Medical Microbiology 53, no. 11 (November 1, 2004): 1083–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45745-0.

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Lancefield group F streptococci have been found almost exclusively as members of the ‘Streptococcus milleri’ group, although they have been reported very occasionally in some other streptococcal species. Among 302 patients with bacteraemia caused by viridans streptococci over a 6-year period, three cases were caused by Streptococcus sinensis (type strain HKU4T, HKU5 and HKU6). All three patients had infective endocarditis complicating their underlying chronic rheumatic heart diseases. Gene sequencing showed no base differences between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of HKU5 and HKU6 and that of HKU4T. All three strains were Gram-positive, non-spore-forming cocci arranged in chains. All grew on sheep blood agar as α-haemolytic, grey colonies of 0.5–1 mm in diameter after 24 h incubation at 37 °C in ambient air. Lancefield grouping revealed that HKU5 and HKU6 were Lancefield group F, but HKU4T was non-groupable with Lancefield groups A, B, C, D, F or G antisera. HKU4T was identified by the Vitek system (GPI), API system (20 STREP) and ATB system (ID32 STREP) as 99 % Streptococcus intermedius, 51.3 % S. intermedius and 99.9 % Streptococcus anginosus, respectively. Using the same tests, HKU5 was identified as 87 % Streptococcus sanguinis/Streptococcus gordonii, 59 % Streptococcus salivarius and 99.6 % S. anginosus, respectively, and HKU6 as 87 % S. sanguinis/S. gordonii, 77 % Streptococcus pneumoniae and 98.3 % S. anginosus, respectively. The present data revealed that a proportion of Lancefield group F streptococci could be S. sinensis. Lancefield group F streptococci should not be automatically reported as ‘S. milleri'.
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Vogel, Verena, and Barbara Spellerberg. "Bacteriocin Production by Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci." Pathogens 10, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070867.

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Beta-hemolytic streptococci cause a variety of infectious diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. A key factor for successful infection is host colonization, which can be difficult in a multispecies environment. Secreting bacteriocins can be beneficial during this process. Bacteriocins are small, ribosomally produced, antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of other, typically closely related, bacteria. In this systematic review, bacteriocin production and regulation of beta-hemolytic streptococci was surveyed. While Streptococcus pyogenes produces eight different bacteriocins (Streptococcin A-FF22/A-M49, Streptin, Salivaricin A, SpbMN, Blp1, Blp2, Streptococcin A-M57), only one bacteriocin of Streptococcus agalactiae (Agalacticin = Nisin P) and one of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (Dysgalacticin) has been described. Expression of class I bacteriocins is regulated by a two-component system, typically with autoinduction by the bacteriocin itself. In contrast, a separate quorum sensing system regulates expression of class II bacteriocins. Both identified class III bacteriocins are plasmid-encoded and regulation has not been elucidated.
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Lawson, Paul A., Geoffrey Foster, Enevold Falsen, and Matthew D. Collins. "Streptococcus marimammalium sp. nov., isolated from seals." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 55, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63342-0.

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Two strains of an unidentified, Gram-positive, catalase-negative, chain-forming, coccus-shaped organism recovered from seals were characterized using phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. Based on morphological and biochemical criteria the strains were tentatively identified as streptococci but they did not appear to correspond to any recognized species of the genus Streptococcus. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies showed that the strains were closely related to each other and confirmed their placement in the genus Streptococcus. Sequence divergence values of >5 % with reference streptococcal species demonstrated the organisms from seals represent a novel species. SDS-PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins confirmed that the two organisms were closely related to each other but were different from all currently defined streptococcal species. Based on biochemical criteria, molecular chemical and molecular genetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown isolates from seals be assigned to a novel species of the genus Streptococcus, Streptococcus marimammalium sp. nov. The type strain is M54/01/1T (=CCUG 48494T=CIP 108309T).
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Cheng, X., S. Redanz, P. Treerat, H. Qin, D. Choi, X. Zhou, X. Xu, J. Merritt, and J. Kreth. "Magnesium-Dependent Promotion of H2O2 Production Increases Ecological Competitiveness of Oral Commensal Streptococci." Journal of Dental Research 99, no. 7 (March 20, 2020): 847–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520912181.

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The pyruvate oxidase (SpxB)–dependent production of H2O2 is widely distributed among oral commensal streptococci. Several studies confirmed the ability of H2O2 to antagonize susceptible oral bacterial species, including caries-associated Streptococcus mutans as well as several periodontal pathobionts. Here we report a potential mechanism to bolster oral commensal streptococcal H2O2 production by magnesium (Mg2+) supplementation. Magnesium is a cofactor for SpxB catalytic activity, and supplementation increases the production of H2O2 in vitro. We demonstrate that Mg2+ affects spxB transcription and SpxB abundance in Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus gordonii. The competitiveness of low-passage commensal streptococcal clinical isolates is positively influenced in antagonism assays against S. mutans. In growth conditions normally selective for S. mutans, Mg2+ supplementation is able to increase the abundance of S. sanguinis in dual-species biofilms. Using an in vivo biophotonic imaging platform, we further demonstrate that dietary Mg2+ supplementation significantly improves S. gordonii oral colonization in mice. In summary, our results support a role for Mg2+ supplementation as a potential prebiotic to promote establishment of oral health–associated commensal streptococci.
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ZADOKS, R. N., R. N. GONZÁLEZ, K. J. BOOR, and Y. H. SCHUKKEN. "Mastitis-Causing Streptococci Are Important Contributors to Bacterial Counts in Raw Bulk Tank Milk." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 2644–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.12.2644.

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The objective of this study was to probe the contribution of streptococci to the microbial quality of raw milk. Over a 5-month period, bulk tank milk samples from 48 New York State dairy farms were analyzed qualitatively for bacterial ecology and quantitatively for total bacterial, streptococcal, staphylococcal, and gram-negative bacterial counts. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the contribution of differential counts to total bacterial counts. Streptococci, staphylococci, and gram-negative bacteria accounted for 69, 3, and 3% of total bacterial count variability, respectively. Randomly selected Streptococcus isolates from each bulk tank milk sample were identified to species by means of the API 20 STREP identification system. The most commonly identified streptococcal species were Streptococcus uberis, Aerococcus viridans, and Streptococcus agalactiae, which were detected in 81, 50, and 31% of 48 bulk tank samples, respectively. For five herds, S. uberis isolates from bulk tank milk and individual cows were characterized by PvuII ribotyping. A farm-specific dominant ribotype was found in each bulk tank sample, and that ribotype was isolated from at least one cow within each herd of origin. Bacteriological and strain typing data indicate that control of streptococci, specifically mastitis-causing species, is important for improvement of the microbial quality of raw milk in New York State.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Streptococcus"

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Smith, Jennifer Marie. "Characterization of host-bacteria interactions contributing to group B streptococcus colonization." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2002. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=64.

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Alshammari, Abdulaziz. "IN VITRO EFFECT OF STATINS ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS, STREPTOCOCCUS SANGUIS, AND STREPTOCOCCUS SALVARIUS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/368075.

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Oral Biology
M.S.
Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including heart attack, angina, and stroke, is ranked as the number one cause of mortality world wide. High blood cholesterol is linked to CVD and is an important risk factor. Statins – cholesterol lowering drugs- are first choice drugs for reducing the chance of suffering a CVD event. In the USA alone, approximately 32 million individuals take statins. Although randomized control trials of statins have demonstrated their efficacy in preventing CVD, much less information has been reported on their unintended effects. Although not thought of traditionally as antimicrobials, statins have been shown to have antimicrobial effects in vitro. The statins belong to a family of drugs that lower cholesterol levels by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, a rate limiting enzyme in the human mevalonate pathway of which cholesterol in the biosynthetic end product. The mevalonate pathway is an important cellular metabolic pathway present in many bacteria. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the in vitro efficacy of statins against selected strains of oral streptococci, as determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration. A second related objective is to assess the in vitro effect of statins on single species biofilm formation , as determined by binding of the same streptococci to hydroxyapatite pegs. Methods: The effect of statins on S. mutans, S. sanguis, and S. salivarius was determined by finding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by broth dilution assays. Simvastatin, pravastatin atorvastatin, and rousuvastatin were used in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentration was considered to be the lowest concentration of statin that prevented bacterial growth, i.e. a clear test tube. Experiments were repeated twice for each bacterial species. The effect of simvastatin, atorvastatin, and pravastatin on the ability of S. mutans and S. sanguis to form single species biofilm was assayed using sterile microplates and the MBEC Biofilm Inoculator (Innovatech). Results: Two trials indicated that the MIC of simvastatin against the selected oral bacteria was determined to be 15.6 μg/ml for S. mutans and S. sanguis, and 7.8 μg/ml for S. salivarius. The MIC of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin was determined to be 100 μg/ml against all three streptococci, whereas the MIC of pravastatin was even higher (200 μg/ml) against all three streptococci. Likewise, two trials indicated that statins decreased single species biofilm formation by S. mutans and S. sanguis. For simvastatin, biofilm formation was decreased by concentrations eight fold below the MIC . The results were substantiated by spectrophotometric assay . For atorvastatin and pravastatin, biofilm formation was decreased by concentrations 3-4 fold below the MIC. Conclusions: These experiments demonstrate the in vitro antimicrobial effect of statins on S. mutans, S.sanguis, and S. salivarius. The data indicate that the statins inhibit growth of the test organisms with MIC’s ranging from 7.8-200 μg/ml. Simvastatin has in vitro efficacy against the specific strains of bacteria used in this study at concentrations slightly less than the observed MIC’s of 15.6-7.8 μg/ml . The MIC’s for atorvastatin, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin are much higher than simvastatin, in the range of 100-200 μg/ml . The effects of statins on biofilm parallels the effect on growth of the bacteria.
Temple University--Theses
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Flock, Margareta. "Development of a vaccine against strangles /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-500-3/.

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Steward, Karen Frances. "Comparative genomics of Streptococcus equi and Streptococcus zooepidemicus." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708551.

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Hale, John D. F., and n/a. "Small bacteriocins produced by Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis." University of Otago. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20060905.144149.

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Dental caries is the most common bacterial disease of humans and occurs when oral bacteria produce acids, following their fermentation of dietary carbohydrates. This acid can then cause a localised demineralisation of the tooth surface. A group of seven species of bacteria, collectively known as the mutans streptococci, have been predominantly implicated in the onset of dental caries. In particular, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus have been shown to be the main aetiological agents of this disease in humans. Most attempts to control the microbial component of caries target these bacteria. The past 50 years has provided considerable information about the pathogenesis of dental caries, the likely route and time of transmission of cariogenic bacteria to susceptible hosts and possible ways of either treating or controlling the onset of this disease. In regards to the latter, many techniques (such as the use of tooth brushes, mouth washes, dental floss and tooth paste) for the control of plaque build-up exist and the examples listed are generally part of a daily routine. However, these techniques need to be applied regularly, and as such only highly-motivated individuals generally experience improved oral health. Therefore, the search for more effective less labour-intensive approaches continues. One area of research is into the potential application of small ribosomally-synthesised antimicrobial peptides, known as bacteriocins. Bacteriocins generally inhibit closely-related species that occupy the same ecological niche. Their relatively-specific targeting, plus the fact that many are remarkably heat and chemically-stable molecules, makes them excellent candidates for possible anti-caries applications. Numerous bacteriocins produced by the lactic acid bacteria have now been identified. Most can be broadly categorised into one of four main classes, of which Class I, the lantibiotics and Class II, the small (<10 kDa) non-modified peptides, contain the most examples. Many screens for anti-mutans streptococcal (MS) bacteriocins have been carried out and it appears that the best source of anti-MS bacteriocins are the mutans streptococci themselves. Research in this laboratory has identified examples of anti-mutans streptococcal bacteriocins produced by both mutans streptococci and non-mutans streptococci. The present study investigated the anti-MS inhibitors produced by two streptococcal strains, S. mutans N and Streptococcus sanguis K11. During the course of this study a third strain, S. mutans UA159, was also studied for its bacteriocinogenic properties. Although S. sanguis K11 produces anti-mutans streptococcal inhibitory activity, this appears only effective against Streptococcus rattus. In addition however, the inhibitory activity of this strain is also directed against all tested strains of Streptococcus agalactiae and ca. 50% of Streptococcus pyogenes. In the present study a 5069 Da novel inhibitory agent (sanguicin K11) was characterised and shown responsible for this unusual inhibitory spectrum. Through reverse genetics the sanK11 locus was identified and shown to encode a Class II type bacteriocin, the first shown to be produced by S. sanguis. Following screens of additional S. sanguis, sanK11 was shown to be present only in strains producing the same type of inhibitory pattern (P-type) as strain K11. The cysteine residues at positions 7 and 38 of the sanguicin K11 propeptide were shown to form a disulphide bridge essential for sanguicin K11 inhibitory activity. S. mutans N and eight other S. mutans strains have been found to have what appears to be the same inhibitory spectrum, which includes members of the mutans streptococci and several other oral streptococcal species. One strain (UA140) of the eight has previously been shown to produce the lantibiotic mutacin I and the non-lantibiotic mutacin IV. S. mutans N was known to produce the non-lantibiotic mutacin N. The current study set out to investigate how two strains, apparently producing completely different bacteriocins could have the same inhibitory spectrum. Reverse genetics identified the mutacin N structural gene (mutN) and mutagenesis studies showed that this bacteriocin was responsible only for the inhibitory activity against mutans streptococci. Further sequencing around the mutN locus identified a second bacteriocin-like locus (mutO) adjacent to mutN. mutO was also identified to have anti-mutans streptococcal inhibitory activity and because of the close proximity of mutO and mutN and given the homology they share with other known two-peptide bacteriocins it seemed probable that mutacins O and N are components of a new member of this special class of bacteriocins (Class IIb, the two peptide bacteriocins) in which the optimal inhibitory activity is dependent on the co-operative activity of the two peptides. Further investigations of strain N examined the expression of mutacins O and N. During a search for a suitable heterologous non-mutacinogenic S. mutans strain to act as an expression host, the genome reference strain, S. mutans UA159 was given consideration. However, contrary to previous reports, this strain was found to exhibit bacteriocin-like inhibitory activity. During a follow-up investigation, strain UA159 was found to inhibit 84 strains representing 11 different species of bacteria, but no inhibition of mutans streptococci was detected. The locus (nlmAB) encoding the two-peptide bacteriocin mutacin IV was identified within the UA159 genome. Using genetic dissection of nlmA and nlmB, the contribution of each peptide was examined and it was found that only the NlmA* propeptide appears to be active, raising doubts as to whether mutacin IV is a bona fide two-peptide bacteriocin. Deletion of the entire nlmAB locus created a mutant strain that exhibited a loss of inhibitory activity against the same 64 strains as was found for the nlmA mutant. A BLASTP search for the consensus leader sequence that precedes the propeptide of Class II bacteriocins, identified ORFs encoding 9 more putative bacteriocin-like peptides. Further genetic dissection identified the SMU.1914c locus as being responsible for the inhibitory activity against a further 15 strains not already sensitive to mutacin IV. SMU.1914c was renamed mutacin V. However, it appears that another as yet unidentified mutacin(s) is also produced by strain UA159 given that three indicator strains still remained sensitive to a double mutant [UA[Delta](1914/NlmAB)] in which both the mutacin IV and putative mutacin V loci were inactivated. Export of Class II bacteriocins has been found to occur by either a SEC-dependent system or via a dedicated peptide ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter. Three potential ABC transporter ORFs were identified in S. mutans UA159. Two (comA and cslA) had the characteristic accessory factor ORF (comB and cslB respectively) located adjacent to the main ABC transporter ORF, while the third ORF763 appeared to lack this. Mutagenesis of each of these five ORFS was carried out and confirmed cslAB to be the ABC transporter involved in the export of the competence stimulating factor, while the function of ORF763 could not be established in this study. Mutagenesis of either comA or comB resulted in a complete cessation of bacteriocin production by the respective mutant strains. Historically, comA and comB is the nomenclature used for loci encoding the exporter of the competence inducing factors in streptococci. In light of this new information, comA and comB were renamed nlmT and nlmE respectively, to account for the newly defined role of this ABC transporter. The present study investigated four bacteriocins two of which (sanguicin K11 and mutacin ON) appear to have some potential for application to anti-caries control, and the others (mutacins IV and V) being shown to be produced by the genome reference strain (UA159). All three mutacins were shown to be exported from their respective producer cells by the NlmTE ABC transporter, while sanguicin K11 is predicted to be exported by a peptide ABC transporter located adjacent to sanK11. Bacteriocins may yet provide a novel alternative for the treatment and control of dental caries. In their favour is that fact that they have relatively narrow defined inhibitory spectra and thus are unlikely to produce widespread changes to plaque ecosystems. Potential uses include as topical agents where bacteriocin preparations could be incorporated into dentrifices such as toothpastes or mouthwashes. Alternatively, streptococci producing anti-mutans streptococcal bacteriocins could be implanted into the oral cavity in strain replacement therapy strategies. There are pros and cons to each technique and the most effective anti-caries control appears more likely to result from "cocktail therapy" where bacteriocins are combined with a number of other anti-mutans streptococcal agents to achieve long-lasting protection against mutans streptococcus proliferation.
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Garcia, Febres Julio Carib. "A comparative investigation of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from fish and cattle." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Spring%20Dissertations/GARCIA_JULIO_46.pdf.

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Cazajous, Marie. "Infections humaines à streptococcus suis type II : à propos d'un cas." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M148.

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De, Negri Rafaela. "EQUINE SERUM ANTIBODY RESPONSES TO STREPTOCOCCUS EQUI AND STREPTOCOCCUS ZOOEPIDEMICUS." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gluck_etds/13.

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Streptococcus zooepidemicus (Sz) and Streptococcus equi (Se) share 98% DNA sequence homology, but display different pathogenic properties. Infection by one organism does not cross-protect against the other. To better understand pathogenic differences between these organisms and gain information about which proteins are expressed in horses infected experimentally with Se, intrauterine Sz or naturally with respiratory Sz we compared antibody specificities of convalescent sera using ELISA. These comparisons were based on sets of 8 and 14 immunoreactive recombinant proteins of Se strain CF32 and Sz strain NC78, respectively. Sera from donkeys that were previously naturally affected with strangles and later developed Sz pneumonia secondary to an experimental influenza challenge were also included. Serum antibody responses were quantitatively and qualitatively much greater following recovery from strangles than following respiratory Sz infection. Increased reactions to Se proteins IdeE2, Se75.3, Se46.8, Se18.9 and Se42.0 were observed for the majority of strangles sera but not for sera from respiratory Sz infection cases. Reactions of sera from Sz respiratory disease to Sz proteins varied greatly and were mostly to HylC and ScpC. Interestingly, sera of donkey recovered from Sz bronchopneumonia did not show increased antibody reaction to any of the proteins even though these donkeys had also recovered from clinical strangles 6 months previously. Only 1/5 mare with Sz placentitis presented increased serum antibody responses to MAP. In conclusion, adaptive immune responses to Se of horses with strangles are stronger and involve a greater number of proteins than adaptive immune responses to Sz infection of the lower respiratory tract. In an effort to develop an improved vaccine against Se, modified live strain of EHV-1, RacH was constructed to express three recombinant antigens of Se SeM, IdeE and Se18.9. Two groups of 10 and 2 ponies were vaccinated intramuscularly or intranasally, respectively. Another group (n=6) vaccinated with empty RacH served as controls. Sera from 2/3 ponies from each vaccination groups and 1/2 serum from IN vaccinated ponies showed increased serum neutralizing antibodies to EHV-1. ELISA detected no significant increase in antibodies to proteins. Only one IM and IN vaccinated pony showed serum bactericidal activity post vaccination.
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Vaillancourt, Katy. "Étude comparative des opérons galactose de Streptococcus salivarius et Streptococcus thermophilus." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0021/MQ56776.pdf.

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De, Winter Leanne Marie. "Characteristics of Streptococcus canis from canine streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ33219.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Streptococcus"

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Iovino, Federico, ed. Streptococcus pneumoniae. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9199-0.

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Arenas Busto, Jesús, ed. Streptococcus suis. New York, NY: Springer US, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3898-9.

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Smith, Tara C. Streptococcus (group A). Edited by Alcamo I. Edward and Heymann David L. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2005.

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Lancefield, International Symposium on Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases (11th 1990 Siena Italy). New perspectives on streptococci and streptococcal infections: Proceedings of the XI Lancefield International Symposium on Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases, Siena, September 10-14, 1990. Stuttgart: G. Fischer, 1992.

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Lancefield, International Symposium on Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases (16th 2005 Palm Cove Australia). Streptococci: New insights into an old enemy. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006.

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Lancefield International Symposium on streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases (9th 1984 Yamanakako-mura, Japan). Recent advances in streptococci and streptococcal diseases: Proceedings of the IXth Lancefield International Symposium on Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases held in September 1984. Bracknell, Berkshire: Reedbooks, 1985.

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Proft, Thomas, and Jacelyn M. S. Loh, eds. Group A Streptococcus. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0467-0.

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Hilary, Babcock, ed. Streptococcus (group A). 2nd ed. New York, NY: Chelsea House, 2010.

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Illinois. Department of Public Health. Streptococcal pharyngitis: (strep throat). Springfield, Ill.]: Illinois Dept. of Public Health, 1991.

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McGarry, Jennifer. Antimicrobial resistant streptococcus pneumeniae. [S.l: The Author], 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Streptococcus"

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Prithika, Udayakumar, and Krishnaswamy Balamurugan. "Streptococcus and Streptococcal Toxins." In Handbook of Foodborne Diseases, 223–32. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, [2019] | Series: Food microbiology series | “A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.”: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22030-21.

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Timoney, J. F. "Streptococcus." In Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections in Animals, 51–73. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470958209.ch4.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Streptococcus." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 535. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10120.

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Scott, June R., and Michael G. Caparon. "Streptococcus." In Bacillus subtilis and Other Gram-Positive Bacteria, 53–63. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818388.ch4.

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Liu, Dongyou. "Streptococcus." In Laboratory Models for Foodborne Infections, 223–34. Boca Raton : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, 2017. | Series: Food microbiology series: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315120089-14.

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Spellerberg, Barbara, and Claudia Brandt. "Streptococcus." In Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 383–402. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555817381.ch22.

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Tagg, John R., Liam K. Harold, John D. F. Hale, Philip A. Wescombe, and Jeremy P. Burton. "Streptococcus." In Lactic Acid Bacteria, 56–83. 6th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003352075-5.

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Raabe, Vanessa N., and Andi L. Shane. "Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae)." In Gram-Positive Pathogens, 228–38. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781683670131.ch14.

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Shabayek, Sarah. "Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus)." In Molecular Typing in Bacterial Infections, Volume I, 167–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74018-4_8.

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Stechenberg, Barbara. "Streptococcus pyogenes." In The Neurological Manifestations of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunodeficiency Syndromes, 209–13. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-391-2_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Streptococcus"

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Konstantinova, S. V., I. S. Boksha, V. G. Lunin, T. A. Danilova, M. S. Poponova, A. M. Lyashchuk, Z. M. Galushkina, and E. V. Ustenko. "LYTIC ENZYMES OF STREPTOCOCCI: POSSIBILITIES OF USING." In X Международная конференция молодых ученых: биоинформатиков, биотехнологов, биофизиков, вирусологов и молекулярных биологов — 2023. Novosibirsk State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1526-1-90.

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Pathogenic streptococci synthesize enzymes that cleave human IgG: Streptococcus pyogenes synthesizes IdeS, and S. zooepidemicus — IdeZ. We have produced recombinant IdeS and IdeZ, the properties and activity of which are identical to those of the enzymes described in literature. The specificity of IgG cleavage with recombinant IdeS and IdeZ has been confirmed by mass spectrometry. The possibility of using recombinant IdeS and IdeZ in medicine, veterinary medicine and biotechnology has been shown
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Umer, Erum, Zafar Ahmed, and Syed Ali Arsalan. "Macrolides resitance to streptococcus pneumonia." In ERS International Congress 2019 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2019.pa2267.

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Parra-Rodriguez, L., R. Nasim, A. Mohammed, D. Singh, and S. B. Smith. "Empyema Necessitans from Streptococcus Constellatus." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a3712.

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Masood, J., and T. Dumont. "Streptococcus Intermedius Masquerading as Neoplasm." In American Thoracic Society 2024 International Conference, May 17-22, 2024 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_meetingabstracts.a3601.

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Sokorev, N. V., E. E. Shkolnikov, L. V. Anisimova, I. V. Pavlenko, and A. A. Raevsky. "Improvement of the process streptococcal cultivation by the exampleof a strain Streptococcus agalactiae 6/50." In Научные основы производства и обеспечения качества биологических препаратов. Армавир: ФГБНУ Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и технологический институт биологической промышленности, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47804/978-5-89904-0290_2021_193.

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Fokina, N. A., G. T. Uryadova, and L. V. Karpunina. "Exopolysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria: applied aspects." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.075.

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Exopolysaccharides Lactococcus lactis B-1662 and, to a greater extent, Streptococcus thermophilus have a healing effect on burns in rats. The exopolysaccharide Streptococcus thermophilus also has a prebiotic effect in the poultry body.
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Pinzon Escobar, C., M. Mody, and S. G. Treat. "Purpura Fulminans Secondary to Streptococcus Pneumoniae." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a6563.

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Juang, D., J. Fierer, S. L. Reed, and R. E. Sell. "Do Streptococcus Anginosus Group Cause Pneumonia." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a2136.

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Basavaraj, Ashwin, Jose Gomez-Marquez, David Steiger, and Ezra Dweck. "Streptococcus Pneumoniae Bacteremia Following Flexible Bronchoscopy." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a2974.

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Mu, Jinxiu. "Isolation and Identification of Streptococcus Suis." In 2015 International Conference on Management, Education, Information and Control. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/meici-15.2015.41.

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Reports on the topic "Streptococcus"

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Bercovier, Herve, and Paul Frelier. Pathogenic Streptococcus in Tilapia: Rapid Diagnosis, Epidemiology and Pathophysiology. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568776.bard.

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Within the project "Pathogenic Streptococcus in Tilapia", gram positive cocci pathogens of fish in Israel and in the United States were characterized. We showed that Streptococcus shiloi, the name for an agent causing septicemic infection in fish, is a junior synonym of Streptococcus iniae and that Enterococcus seriolicida is a junior synonym of Lactococcus garvieae, a causative agent of septicemia and meningo-encephalitis in fish. Molecular epidemiology studies on these two pathogens, based on 16S rDNA sequences and ribotyping showed that although each country had specific clones, S. iniae originated probably from the U.S. and L. garvieae from Japan. PCR assays were developed for both pathogens and applied to clinical samples. S. agalactiael S. difficile was also recognized for the first time in the U.S. in tilapia. Our histopathological studies explained the noted paradox (abundant in vitro growth often accompanied by scant to small numbers of organisms within the meninges in histologic sections of brain) in diagnostic of fish streptococcus. The greatest concentration of cocci were consistently observed within macrophages infiltrating the extrameningeal fibroadipose tissue surrounding the brain within the calvarium. These results also suggests that the primary route of meningeal infection may be extension from the extrameningeal connective tissue rather than meningeal vascular emigration of cocci-containing macrophages. Our work has resulted in a cognizance of streptococcus as fish pathogen which goes beyond the pathology observed in tilapia and is already extended to many aquaculture fish species in Israel and in the United States. Finally, our data suggest that vaccines (bivalent or trivalent) could be developed to prevent most of the damages caused by streptococcus in aquaculture.
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Alagarsamy, Jeyashree, Ramya Seetharaman, Chandramouli Sivanandham, Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan, and Ross Overbeek. Connecting Sequence Data to Virulence Factors in Streptococcus Genomes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1171190.

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de Infectología, Comité Nacional. Alerta sobre infecciones graves por Streptococcus pyogenes en niños. Buenos Aires: siicsalud.com, September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21840/siic/158683.

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Kindy, Mark S. ENU Mutagenic Screen for Susceptibility and Resistance to Streptococcus Pneumoniae. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441504.

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Nelson, Corwin, Donald C. Beitz, and John Lippolis. Activation of Vitamin D3 in Bovine Mastitis Caused by Streptococcus uberis. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-951.

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Muniz, I., L. Jimenez, G. A. Toranzos, and T. C. Hazen. Survival and activity of Streptococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli in tropical freshwater. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/666262.

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Mshelia, Arhyel. Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus suis and Campylobacter species in pigs: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.3.0053.

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Review question / Objective: What are the global prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus suis and Campylobacter species in pigs? /To determine the occurrence, associated factors, and antimicrobial resistance of the isolates of Streptococcus suis and Campylobacter species of Pigs worldwide. Information sources: The intended information sources are 20 electronic databases: MEDLINE® - (Mesh, Ovid Medline, Ovid PsycINFO, PubMed), Scopus®, ProQuest®, Google Scholar®, Web of Science® (ISI), EBSCO®, SciELO®, Wiley®, Compendex® - Engineering Village, Emerald®, Embase® - Emtree, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)®, Gale Academic OneFile®, DataCite®, J-STAGE®, SpringerLink Journals®, Journals Ovid complete®, BioMed Central Opens Access®, Nature®, Taylor & Francis®], 9 periodical titles (Journal of Veterinary Science, Antibiotics, BMC Veterinary Research, Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, Journal of Veterinary Medical Science B, PLoS One, Scientific Reports, Veterinary Microbiology), and the grey literature databases.
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Gergova, Raina, Adile Muhtarova, Gergana Petrova, Stefan Gergov, Milka Dikova, and Ivan Mitov. Comparison of Cultural, Immunological and New PCR Techniques for Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.10.16.

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Crum, N. F., C. P. Barrozo, F. A. Chapman, M. A. Ryan, and K. Russell. An Outbreak of Conjunctivitis Due to a Novel Unencapsulated Streptococcus pneumonia Among Military Trainees. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada433371.

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Santo Domingo, J. W., F. A. Fuentes, and T. C. Hazen. Survival and activity of Streptococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli in petroleum-contaminated tropical marine waters. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/666217.

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