Journal articles: 'Streptoccus equi'

1

Ivens, Philip A. S., and Scott Pirie. "Streptococcus equi subspecies equi diagnosis." Equine Veterinary Journal 53, no. 1 (August 9, 2020): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.13319.

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2

Taylor, Sandra D., and W. David Wilson. "Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (Strangles) Infection." Clinical Techniques in Equine Practice 5, no. 3 (September 2006): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ctep.2006.03.016.

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van Samkar, A., M. C. Brouwer, A. van der Ende, and D. van de Beek. "Streptococcus equi meningitis." Clinical Microbiology and Infection 22, no. 1 (January 2016): e3-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.09.003.

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Mallicote, Martha. "Update on Streptococcus equi subsp equi Infections." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice 31, no. 1 (April 2015): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2014.11.003.

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5

Javed, R., A. K. Taku, Rakhi Gangil, and R. K. Sharma. "Molecular characterization of virulence genes of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in equines." Veterinary World 9, no. 8 (August 2016): 875–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2016.875-881.

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6

Båverud, V., S. K. Johansson, and A. Aspan. "Real-time PCR for detection and differentiation of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus." Veterinary Microbiology 124, no. 3-4 (October 2007): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.020.

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Lee, Hayoung, Sung Ho Yun, Ju-yong Hyon, Sang-Yeop Lee, Yoon-Sun Yi, Chi-Won Choi, Sangmi Jun, Edmond Changkyun Park, and Seung Il Kim. "Streptococcus equi-derived extracellular vesicles as a vaccine candidate against Streptococcus equi infection." Veterinary Microbiology 259 (August 2021): 109165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109165.

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8

Steward, K. F., C. Robinson, D. J. Maskell, M. T. G. Holden, S. R. Harris, A. C. Darby, and A. S. Waller. "Pili of Streptococcus equi and Streptococcus zooepidemicus." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 32, no. 10 (October 2012): S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2012.08.039.

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9

Mahmood, S. H. "Molecular Identification of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi in Horses." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 38, no. 2 (December 28, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v38i2.215.

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The objective of this study to evaluate the existence of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi as probable agents of naturally occurring infection of the equine upper respiratory disease from the Equestrian club in Baghdad city. Nasal swabs and pus samples from 141 horses with upper respiratory tract infections were collected. Results indicated that different microorganisms were isolated and identified S. equi subsp equi (30 isolates), S. equi subsp zooepidemicus (14 isolates), S. equisimilus (9 isolates), Enterococcus. fecalis (17 isolates), Pasteurella spp. (29 isolates), Staphylococcus spp. (25 isolates), Bacillus spp. (24 isolates), Pseudomonas spp.(16 isolates), and E. coli (21 isolates). All 30 isolates of S. equi was characterized by biochemical tests. For molecular identification of the subspecies S. equi one genomic region SeM was amplified.

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Bustos, Carla P., Alejandra J. Muñoz, and Nora Guida. "Capsule expression in isolates of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi." Revista Argentina de Microbiología 47, no. 4 (October 2015): 380–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2015.07.005.

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11

Yang, Jiande, Yanfei Liu, Jun Xu, and Jifei Ma. "The identification of MacSe in Streptococcus equi ssp. equi." Frontiers of Agriculture in China 3, no. 3 (July 6, 2009): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11703-009-0064-4.

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12

Muhlbauer, Aline Cristine de Moraes, Brenda Correa Lagarreta, Allanis Emanuelli Alves Carneiro, Iggor Frederico Ortlieb, Ana Karolina Panneitz, Eduarda Zancanaro Luvison, Grasiela de Bastiani, and André Lucio Fontana Goetten. "Abscesso em Articulação Temporomandibular por Streptococcus equi subsp. equi." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 16 (December 1, 2022): e109111636970. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i16.36970.

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O presente relato de caso trata-se de um equino, fêmea, 6 anos, raça crioulo, 400 kg, que foi atendido no setor de Clínica e Cirurgia de Grandes Animais da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, apresentando lesão supurativa próximo à região temporomandibular. Na avaliação clínica observou-se edema unilateral moderado na região da articulação temporomandibular (ATM) direita, e um ponto de drenagem apresentando um exsudato purulento. O diagnóstico baseou-se na avaliação radiográfica, e ultrassonográfica da região, bem como pelos achados laboratoriais de cultura da amostra exsudativa. Como tratamento instituiu-se a utilização de antibioticoterapia sistêmica e local, a qual foi ajustada conforme os resultados laboratoriais de cultura bacteriana e o estado clínico do animal. Após 3 meses do início do tratamento instituído e drenagem do abscesso, o paciente apresentou boa evolução clínica. O objetivo é relatar um abscesso localizado na ATM causado pelo agente Streptococcus equi subsp. equi com provável origem de uma adenite anterior.

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13

Alber, J., A. El-Sayed, C. Lammler, A. A. Hassan, R. Weiss, and M. Zschock. "Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction for Identification and Differentiation of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and Streptococcus equi subsp. equi." Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 51, no. 10 (December 2004): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0450.2004.00799.x.

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Mun, Seong-Hwan, Hyoung-Seok Yang, Soo-Kyo Jung, and Jae-Hoon Kim. "A case of meningitis caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection in a foal in Jeju." Korean Journal of Veterinary Service 37, no. 1 (March 30, 2014): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7853/kjvs.2014.37.1.67.

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15

Waller, Andrew S., and Carl Robinson. "Streptococcus zooepidemicus and Streptococcus equi evolution: the role of CRISPRs." Biochemical Society Transactions 41, no. 6 (November 20, 2013): 1437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20130165.

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The host-restricted bacterium Streptococcus equi is the causative agent of equine strangles, the most frequently diagnosed infectious disease of horses worldwide. The disease is characterized by abscessation of the lymph nodes of the head and neck, leading to significant welfare and economic cost. S. equi is believed to have evolved from an ancestral strain of Streptococcus zooepidemicus, an opportunistic pathogen of horses and other animals. Comparison of the genome of S. equi strain 4047 with those of S. zooepidemicus identified examples of gene loss due to mutation and deletion, and gene gain through the acquisition of mobile genetic elements that have probably shaped the pathogenic specialization of S. equi. In particular, deletion of the CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) locus in the ancestor of S. equi may have predisposed the bacterium to acquire and incorporate new genetic material into its genome. These include four prophages and a novel integrative conjugative element. The virulence cargo carried by these mobile genetic elements is believed to have shaped the ability of S. equi to cause strangles. Further sequencing of S. zooepidemicus has highlighted the diversity of this opportunistic pathogen. Again, CRISPRs are postulated to influence evolution, balancing the need for gene gain over genome stability. Analysis of spacer sequences suggest that these pathogens may be susceptible to a limited range of phages and provide further evidence of cross-species exchange of genetic material among Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus dysgalactiae.

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Takada, Kazuko, Kazuhiko Hayashi, Yutaka Sato, and Masatomo Hirasawa. "Streptococcus dentapri sp. nov., isolated from the wild boar oral cavity." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 60, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 820–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.012799-0.

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Four Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, coccoid-shaped isolates were obtained from the oral cavities of wild boars and characterized by phenotypic and phylogenetic studies. On the results of biochemical tests, the organisms were tentatively identified as a streptococcal species. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies confirmed that the organisms are members of the genus Streptococcus, with Streptococcus equi subsp. equi ATCC 33398T as their closest phylogenetic relative (94.7 % similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization analysis showed that the isolates displayed less than 10 % relatedness to Streptococcus equi subsp. equi DSM 20561T. From the phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, the four isolates represent a novel species of the genus Streptococcus, for which the name Streptococcus dentapri sp. nov. (type strain NUM 1529T =JCM 15752T =DSM 21999T) is proposed.

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17

Jovanović, M., G. Stevanović, T. Tošić, B. Stošović, and M. J. Zervos. "Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus meningitis." Journal of Medical Microbiology 57, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 373–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47487-0.

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A 72-year-old woman was hospitalized for Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus meningitis. The same organism was cultured from her two horses. She denied contact with horses, but had a practice of consuming unpasteurized milk from a cow. The cow was in the same stable as the horses, and the ill woman's son milked the cow.

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18

Guillén Astete, Carlos Antonio, Nancy Sánchez Gómez, and Mónica Luque Alarcón. "Artritis infecciosa por Streptococcus equi." Reumatología Clínica 12, no. 4 (July 2016): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reuma.2015.10.004.

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19

Guillén Astete, Carlos Antonio, Nancy Sánchez Gómez, and Mónica Luque Alarcón. "Septic Arthritis by Streptococcus equi." Reumatología Clínica (English Edition) 12, no. 4 (July 2016): 237–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reumae.2015.10.004.

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20

AHMAD MIR, Irfan, Bablu KUMAR, Anil TAKU, Farah FARIDI, Mohd ALTAF BHAT, Naseer AHMAD BABA, and Tahir MAQBOOL. "Bacteriological and Molecular Detection of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in Equines of Northern India." Journal of Equine Science 24, no. 3 (2013): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1294/jes.24.53.

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21

Lannergård, Jonas, Margareta Flock, Staffan Johansson, Jan-Ingmar Flock, and Bengt Guss. "Studies of Fibronectin-Binding Proteins of Streptococcus equi." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 11 (November 2005): 7243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.11.7243-7251.2005.

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ABSTRACT Streptococcus equi subsp. equi is the causative agent of strangles, a disease of the upper respiratory tract in horses. The initiation of S. equi subsp. equi infection is likely to involve cell surface-anchored molecules mediating bacterial adhesion to the epithelium of the host. The present study describes the cloning and characterization of FNEB, a fibronectin-binding protein with cell wall-anchoring motifs. FNEB can thus be predicted as cell surface located, contrary to the two previously characterized fibronectin-binding proteins in S. equi subsp. equi, FNE and SFS. Assays of antibody titers in horses and in experimentally infected mice indicate that the protein is immunogenic and expressed in vivo during S. equi subsp. equi infection. Using Western ligand blotting, it was shown that FNEB binds to the N-terminal 29-kDa fragment of fibronectin, while SFS and FNE both bind to the adjacent 40-kDa fragment. S. equi subsp. equi is known to bind fibronectin to a much lower degree than the closely related S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, but the binding is primarily directed to the 29-kDa fragment. Inhibition studies using S. equi subsp. equi cells indicate that FNEB mediates cellular binding to fibronectin in this species.

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22

Štritof, Zrinka, Catriona Mitchell, Nenad Turk, Josipa Habuš, Suzana Hađina, Matko Perharić, and Andrew S. Waller. "Seroprevalence of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi in Croatia – Short communication." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 68, no. 4 (April 19, 2021): 361–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.2020.00061.

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AbstractClinical cases resembling strangles are regularly seen in some areas of Croatia. However, there are no data on the prevalence of infection and the clinical forms or geographic distribution of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi in horses resident in Croatia, in order to estimate the geographic distribution of infection. The study included 291 horse sera from the eight counties where the majority of Croatian horses are kept. Sera were tested by indirect ELISA (iELISA) for the presence of serum antibodies against S. equi protein A (SEQ_2190) and protein C (SeM). Positive horses were detected in all counties. Overall seroprevalence was 16.5 per cent (48/291), ranging from 7.1 to 29.6 per cent. A positive association was observed between the population size of the horses in the counties and the seropositivity rates: the larger the population, the higher the seropositivity. The results of this study suggest that S. equi infection is widespread in Croatia. Further investigation of the clinical manifestations, circulating strains and other characteristics of the disease in Croatia and raising awareness of the disease among horse owners are now required.

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23

Cordoni, Guido, Adele Williams, Andy Durham, Daniela Florio, Renato Giulio Zanoni, and Roberto M. La Ragione. "Rapid diagnosis of strangles (Streptococcus equi subspecies equi) using PCR." Research in Veterinary Science 102 (October 2015): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.08.008.

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24

Mani, Rinosh J., Anil J. Thachil, and Akhilesh Ramachandran. "Discrimination of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 29, no. 5 (May 2, 2017): 622–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638717702687.

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Accurate and timely identification of infectious etiologies is of great significance in veterinary microbiology, especially for critical diseases such as strangles, a highly contagious disease of horses caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. We evaluated a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) platform for use in species- and subspecies-level identification of S. equi isolates from horses and compared it with an automated biochemical system. We used 25 clinical isolates each of S. equi subsp. equi and S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus. Using the MALDI-TOF MS platform, it was possible to correctly identify all 50 isolates to the species level. Unique mass peaks were identified in the bacterial peptide mass spectra generated by MALDI-TOF MS, which can be used for accurate subspecies-level identification of S. equi. Mass peaks (mass/charge, m/ z) 6,751.9 ± 1.4 (mean ± standard deviation) and 5,958.1 ± 1.3 were found to be unique to S. equi subsp. equi and S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, respectively. The automated biochemical system correctly identified 47 of 50 of the isolates to the species level as S. equi, whereas at the subspecies level, 24 of 25 S. equi subsp. equi isolates and 22 of 25 S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus isolates were correctly identified. Our results indicate that MALDI-TOF MS can be used for accurate species- and subspecies-level identification of S. equi.

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Pansani, Augusto Marsola, Igor Renan Honorato Gatto, Danila Fernanda Rodrigues Frias, and Dora Inés Kozusny-Andreani. "PREVALÊNCIA E RESISTÊNCIA A ANTIBIÓTICOS DE (Streptococcus equi) DA CAVIDADE NASAL DE EQUINOS HÍGIDOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE FERNANDOPÓLIS, SÃO PAULO, BRASIL." Acta Veterinaria Brasilica 10, no. 2 (April 22, 2016): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.21708/avb.2016.10.2.5542.

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A adenite equina, popularmente chamada de garrotilho, é uma enfermidade contagiosa, causada pela bactéria Streptococcus equi. A enfermidade é conhecida por ter alta morbidade e baixa letalidade e seus prejuízos econômicos devem-se à perda de performance e alto custo do tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a presença e o perfil de resistência a antibióticos de Streptococcus equi da cavidade nasal de equinos hígidos da região de Fernandópolis – SP. Foram utilizados 50 equinos hígidos sem raça definida e com idade entre 12 a 24 meses. De cada animal foram colhidas amostras de exsudato da cavidade nasal por meio de swabs esterilizados e em seguida colocados em tubos contendo ágar base acrescido com 5% de sangue ovino desfibrinado. Os isolados que apresentaram colônias mucosas e β-hemolíticas foram analisados pela coloração de Gram, submetidos ao teste da catalase, e identificados pelo sistema API Rapid ID 32 Strep. Todos os isolados foram avaliados em difusão em placa. Foram isolados sessenta e sete amostras de Streptococcus equi, das subespécies equi e zooepidemicus. Verificou-se prevalência maior de S. equi subesp zooepidemicus (p < 0,001). A maioria dos isolados de S. equi subespécies equi foram mutirresistentes, havendo diferenças significativas entre os diferentes antibióticos (p < 0,005), enquanto que foi verificada maior susceptibilidade nos isolados S. equi subespécies zooepidemicus (p < 0,05). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que ambas as subespécies de Streptococcus equi fazem parte da microbiota normal da cavidade nasal de equinos, e que as mesmas diferem quanto a susceptibilidade aos antibióticos.

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Fernández, Elena, Verena Blume, Patricia Garrido, Matthew D. Collins, Ana Mateos, Lucas Domínguez, and José F. Fernández-Garayzábal. "Streptococcus equi subsp. ruminatorum subsp. nov., isolated from mastitis in small ruminants." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 6 (November 1, 2004): 2291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63145-0.

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Six isolates of an unknown Gram-positive, catalase-negative, chain-forming, coccus-shaped organism isolated from ovine and caprine mastitis were characterized by phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. On the basis of cellular morphology and the results of biochemical tests, the organism was tentatively identified as a streptococcal species. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies confirmed that the organism is a member of the genus Streptococcus, with Streptococcus equi as its closest phylogenetic relative (98·8 % similarity). DNA–DNA pairing studies showed that the unidentified organism displayed more than 70 % relatedness to the type strains of S. equi subsp. equi and subsp. zooepidemicus. Despite the relatively high DNA–DNA reassociation values, biotyping and ribotyping allowed clear differentiation of the unknown bacterium from the two recognized subspecies of S. equi. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular genetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown Streptococcus isolates from ovine and caprine mastitis be classified as a novel subspecies, Streptococcus equi subsp. ruminatorum subsp. nov. The type strain is CECT 5772T (=CCUG 47520T=Mt 167T).

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27

Alber, J., A. El-Sayed, S. Estoepangestie, C. Lämmler, and M. Zschöck. "Dissemination of the superantigen encoding genes seeL, seeM, szeL and szeM in Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus." Veterinary Microbiology 109, no. 1-2 (August 2005): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.05.001.

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28

Itoh, Hiroshi, H. Kudoh, K. Kidoguchi, Y. Takeda, and Y.-I. Miyake. "Infection with Streptococcus equi subspecies equi occurred in horse pasture land." Tohoku Journal Veterinary Clinics 20, no. 1 (1997): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4190/jjvc1990.20.18.

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29

Durham, A. E., Y. S. Hall, L. Kulp, and C. Underwood. "A study of the environmental survival of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi." Equine Veterinary Journal 50, no. 6 (May 7, 2018): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evj.12840.

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30

Popescu, Gabriel-Adrian, Raluca Fuerea, and Elisabeta Benea. "Meningitis Due to an Unusual Human Pathogen: Streptococcus equi subspecies equi." Southern Medical Journal 99, no. 2 (February 2006): 190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.smj.0000198265.82867.a3.

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31

Moloney, Emma, Kerrie S. Kavanagh, Tom C. Buckley, and Jakki C. Cooney. "Lineages of Streptococcus equi ssp. equi in the Irish equine industry." Irish Veterinary Journal 66, no. 1 (2013): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2046-0481-66-10.

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32

Webb, Katy, Colin Barker, Tihana Harrison, Zoe Heather, Karen F. Steward, Carl Robinson, J. Richard Newton, and Andrew S. Waller. "Detection of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi using a triplex qPCR assay." Veterinary Journal 195, no. 3 (March 2013): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.07.007.

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33

Elsayed, S., O. Hammerberg, V. Massey, and Z. Hussain. "Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (Lancefield group C) meningitis in a child." Clinical Microbiology and Infection 9, no. 8 (August 2003): 869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-0691.2003.00663.x.

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34

Bustos, C. P., N. S. Lanza, M. J. Marfil, A. N. Etchecopaz, A. J. Muñoz, E. V. Moras, and N. Guida. "Expression of capsule and biofilm formation by Streptococcus equi subsp. equi." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 39 (April 2016): S94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2016.02.201.

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35

Erol, Erdal, Stephan J. Locke, Judy K. Donahoe, Mary A. Mackin, and Craig N. Carter. "Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. from horses." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 24, no. 1 (January 2012): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638711434138.

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The goal of this retrospective study was to have a comprehensive picture of the β-hemolytic streptococci of horses including tissue/organ distributions and susceptibility patterns against specific antimicrobials between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2010. A total of 2,497 β-hemolytic streptococci were isolated from 2,391 cases, of which Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was the most frequent isolate (72.0%). Other species isolated were Streptococcus dysgalactia subsp. equisimilis (21.3%), Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (5.8%), and unidentified β-hemolytic streptococci (0.9%). As expected, S. equi was mostly isolated from lymph node abscesses and the respiratory tract in foals and adult horses. Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and S. equisimilis were mostly isolated from placenta, fetal tissues, and genital tract of horses; S. zooepidemicus and S. equisimilis were also recovered in significant numbers from a number of other organs including lung, liver, brain, kidney, and joints, indicating a much broader tissue tropism than S. equi. In addition, more than 1 Streptococcus spp. was recovered in 106 cases, indicating the co-existence of these bacteria in some horses. This data also suggested that S. equisimilis is a major bacterial agent of horses, contrary to present knowledge. Based on Kirby-Bauer antimicrobial susceptibility data, streptococci were found to be generally susceptible to cephalothin, erythromycin, nitrofurantoin, penicillin, and ticarcillin and clavulanate. Resistance to antimicrobials has not developed over the years, except for gentamicin and tetracycline against S. equisimilis.

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Villamil, Iago, Marta Serrano, and Elisabeth Prieto. "Endocarditis por Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus." Revista chilena de infectología 32, no. 2 (April 2015): 240–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0716-10182015000300017.

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37

Sweeney, Corinne R. "Strangles: Streptococcus equi infection in horses." Equine Veterinary Education 8, no. 6 (December 1996): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.1996.tb01713.x.

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38

YELLE, MARIANNE T. "Clinical aspects of Streptococcus equi infection." Equine Veterinary Journal 19, no. 2 (March 1987): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1987.tb02616.x.

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39

Timoney, J. F., and J. Trachman. "Immunologically reactive proteins of Streptococcus equi." Infection and Immunity 48, no. 1 (1985): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.48.1.29-34.1985.

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40

Waller, Andrew. "Streptococcus equi: breaking its strangles-hold." Veterinary Record 182, no. 11 (March 15, 2018): 316–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.k1231.

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Andrew Waller, head of bacteriology at the AHT, describes Streptococcus equi, the causative agent of strangles in horses, and discusses progress with the latest research aimed at improving vaccines against this global disease.

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41

Kerstens, Jeroen, Busra Durmus, Stijn Lambrecht, Ingrid Baar, Margareta M. Ieven, Thijs Van Der Zijden, Paul M. Parizel, Tomas Menovsky, Martin M. Y. Lammens, and Philippe G. Jorens. "Meningoencephalitis with Streptococcus equi Subspecies equi Leading to a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula." Case Reports in Neurological Medicine 2021 (April 15, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9898364.

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Invasive infection with Lancefield group C streptococci in humans is extremely rare, with the vast majority of clinical isolates belonging to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. We report a case of meningoencephalitis in a 69-year-old man caused by Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, a microbe that causes strangles in Equus caballus (i.e., the horse). This is only the fourth infection with this subtype of the central nervous system (CNS) reported in humans. The invasiveness of these bacteria, known to be capable of releasing strongly immunogenic exotoxins, is illustrated by white matter lesions that are present in the acute phase. This patient initially recovered well after treatment with antibiotics and glucocorticoids. However, the patient was readmitted 5 months later with multiple intraparenchymatous cerebral haemorrhages. Cerebral angiography confirmed the presence of a suspected superficial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), which is seldom reported after CNS infection. The invasiveness of these bacteria was illustrated by white matter lesions present in the acute phase and the occurrence of a de novo dural arteriovenous fistula in the follow-up period.

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Ortega Sierra, Tania Alexandra, Atzel Candido Acosta Abad, and José Wilton Pinheiro Junior. "Base molecular dos fatores de virulência de Streptococcus equi." Medicina Veterinária (UFRPE) 12, no. 3 (March 20, 2018): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.26605/medvet-v12n3-2394.

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Streptococcus equi subespécie equi (S. equi) é responsável pela adenite equina, doença infecto-contagiosa que ocorre com elevadas prevalências em todo o mundo. Desde a primeira descrição desta enfermidade não tem sido possível realizar o controle da mesma, o que pode ser explicado pela variabilidade nos genes de virulência. Ao longo dos anos alguns estudos foram realizados para identificar os fatores de virulência envolvidos na patogenia da enfermidade, no entanto, ainda existem algumas lacunas sobre a ocorrência e mecanismos desses genes na patogenia da doença. Desta forma, objetiva-se com esta revisão discorrer sobre os principais fatores de virulência de S. equi subespécie equi, os genes que participam na expressão dos mesmos e avanços no desenvolvimento de vacinas.

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Bustos, C. P., M. J. Marfil, N. S. Lanza, and N. Guida. "Estudio de la capacidad productora de biofilm en Streptococcus equi subsp. equi." Revista Veterinaria 28, no. 1 (June 5, 2017): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/vet.2811289.

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<p>Luego de adherirse, las bacterias pueden desarrollarse en forma de biofilm, es decir, una comunidad de células bacterianas adheridas y envueltas en una matriz extracelular producida por ellas mismas. Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (S. equi) es una bacteria adaptada al equino que produce la adenitis equina y que puede permanecer en nasofaringe y bolsas guturales de animales recuperados que actúan como portadores y fuentes de infección. Diversos investigadores han propuesto la producción de biofilm bacteriano como modelo de infecciones crónicas y de portadores asintomáticos en seres humanos y animales. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la capacidad productora de biofilm de S. equi. Se trabajó con 84 aislamientos de S. equi utilizando el método colorimétrico de la microplaca y el del portaobjeto, observando microscópicamente la presencia de polisacárido extracelular (PSE) y la formación de aglomerados celulares. En el método colorimétrico, se obtuvieron valores homogéneos a las 18 h de incubación, sin encontrarse diferencias con los distintos medios testeados (p>0,05). La mayor producción fue a las 36 h de incubación, alcanzándose los valores más altos en presencia de plasma equino (p<0,05). El 66% de los aislamientos presentó PSE, sin observarse diferencias entre los aislamientos de enfermos y de portadores. Se encontró asociación entre la formación de aglomerados celulares y producción de PSE (p<0,05). Se logró demostrar por primera vez la capacidad de S. equi para producir biofilm, observándose la formación de una sustancia compatible con el PSE que podría favorecer la permanencia de la bacteria en los caballos portadores. Además, algún componente plasmático del equino sería estimulante de la formación de biofilm como se ha observado en Streptococcus zooepidemicus. Se propone profundizar en el estudio del biofilm para contribuir al conocimiento del comportamiento de S. equi en los portadores.</p>

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Yigezu, L. M., F. Roger, M. Kiredjian, and S. Tariku. "Isolation of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (strangles agent) from an Ethiopian camel." Veterinary Record 140, no. 23 (June 7, 1997): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.140.23.608.

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Boyle, Ashley G., Ray C. Boston, Kathleen O'Shea, Sheri Young, and Shelley C. Rankin. "Optimization of an in vitro assay to detect Streptococcus equi subsp. equi." Veterinary Microbiology 159, no. 3-4 (October 2012): 406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.04.014.

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Libardoni, Felipe, Andréia Vielmo, Luana Farias, Letícia Beatriz Matter, Luciana Pötter, Fernando Rosado Spilki, and Agueda Castagna de Vargas. "Diversity of seM in Streptococcus equi subsp. equi isolated from strangles outbreaks." Veterinary Microbiology 162, no. 2-4 (March 2013): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.09.010.

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Steward, Karen F., Carl Robinson, and Andrew S. Waller. "Transcriptional changes are involved in phenotype switching in Streptococcus equi subspecies equi." Molecular BioSystems 12, no. 4 (2016): 1194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5mb00780a.

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Steward, Karen Frances, Carl Robinson, Duncan J. Maskell, Chiara Nenci, and Andrew Stephen Waller. "Investigation of the Fim1 putative pilus locus of Streptococcus equi subspecies equi." Microbiology 163, no. 8 (August 1, 2017): 1217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000506.

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Charbonneau, A. R. L., A. S. Waller, O. P. Forman, C. Robinson, and K. F. Steward. "Simultaneous identification of every gene in Streptococcus equi subspecies equi by TraDIS." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 39 (April 2016): S91—S92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2016.02.196.

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Torpiano, Paul, Nina Nestorova, and Cecil Vella. "Streptococcus equi subsp. equi meningitis, septicemia and subdural empyema in a child." IDCases 21 (2020): e00808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00808.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Streptoccus equi'

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