Relevant bibliographies by topics / Strength of the cutting

Academic literature on the topic 'Strength of the cutting'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Strength of the cutting"

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Olena, Soroka, Rodichev Iuriy, Vorontsov Borys, and Protasov Roman. "Structural Strength of Cemented Carbides." Strojnícky časopis - Journal of Mechanical Engineering 71, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/scjme-2021-0035.

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Abstract The concept “structural strength of tool materials” got further development. The refusals of cemented carbide cutting plates, when heavy machining were analyzed. It was shown that 70…80% of refusals are the microchipping of cutting edges, tool cutting part chipping, cutting plate macrofracture. To assess cutting plate total carrying capacity and the influence of different methods of cemented carbides modification, bending tests were held. Local fracture resistance and damageability of cutting edge were assessed under its continuous scanning.
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Mitin, E. V., and S. P. Sul’din. "Hob Strength in Gear Cutting." Russian Engineering Research 38, no. 8 (August 2018): 635–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x18080105.

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Vichev, Stefan, Vanyo Kirov, and Dobril Hristov. "Strength calculation of cutting tools." International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 34, no. 1 (January 1994): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-6955(94)90036-1.

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Wan, Song, and Jun Liu. "Commentary: Strength at the cutting edge." JTCVS Techniques 2 (June 2020): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xjtc.2020.02.008.

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Vereschaka, Anatoliy Stepanovich, Sergey N. Grigoriev, Valery P. Tabakov, Ekaterina S. Sotova, Alexey Anatolevich Vereschaka, and Mikhail Yu Kulikov. "Improving the Efficiency of the Cutting Tool Made of Ceramic when Machining Hardened Steel by Applying Nano-Dispersed Multi-Layered Coatings ." Key Engineering Materials 581 (October 2013): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.581.68.

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The functional role of nano-dispersed multi-layered composite coatings (NMCC) deposited on the working surfaces of cutting inserts (CI) made of the layered high-strength ceramic (LHC) to equip the cutting tools when cutting hardened (high-strength) steels was investigated. It is shown that the variation in the composition, structure and properties of coatings allows controlling the contact processes at cutting, increasing the length of contact, reducing normal contact stresses and probability of micro- and macro-brittle failure of tool cutting edge. The mathematical models of cutting which establish dependences of flank wear land of the tool, the tangential component of cutting force, power of cutting and roughness of the machined surface from conditions of cutting of high-strengthen steels are developed. It is found out that the application of nano-dispersed ceramic multi-layered coatings on ceramic tool significantly increases its wear resistance and improves the quality of machining.
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Kozlov, Victor, and Jia Yu Zhang. "Strength of Cutting Tool in Titanium Alloy Machining." Key Engineering Materials 685 (February 2016): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.685.427.

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In this paper, contact conditions between cutting tool and work material, strength of cutting tool are analyzed. Experimental and theoretical studies of contact load distribution on the artificial flank wear-land that appears on the cutter in a free orthogonal turning disk of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-2Mo-2Cr) are described. Calculations of internal stresses by the method of finite elements show that for the sharp cutter the main stresses into cutting wedge near to the cutting edge are compression stresses, very large (10 000 MPa) and exceed ultimate compression stress for cemented carbide. Decreasing of main stress with appearance of wear on the flank explains ability working of cutter even at large wear on the flank. Increasing of cutter’s break off probability with appearance of large wear on the flank is explained by increasing of zone where the internal stresses are large enough (more or equal 3 000 MPa) and increasing of defects probability into this zone, which serves as source of cracks. Abbreviation and symbols: m/s – meter per second (cutting speed v); mm/r – millimeter per revolution (feed rate f); MPa – mega Pascal (specific contact load as stress σ or τ); hf – the width of the flank wear land (chamfer) of the cutting tool, flank wear land can be natural or artificial like in this paper [mm]; xh – distance from the cutting edge on the surface of the flank wear land [mm]; σh – normal specific contact load on the flank land [MPa]; τh – shear (tangential) specific contact load on the flank land [MPa]; HSS – high speed steel (material of cutting tool); Py r – radial component of cutting force on the rake face [N]; Pz – tangential component of cutting force [N]; γ – rake angle of the cutting tool [°]; α – clearance angle of the sharp cutting tool [°]; αh – clearance angle of the flank wear land [°]; b – width of a machined plate or disk [mm]; σ-UTS - ultimate compression stress [MPa]; σUTS - ultimate tensile stress [MPa].
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Írsel, G., and B. N. Güzey. "Comparison of laser beam, oxygen and plasma arc cutting methods in terms of their advantages and disadvantages in cutting structural steels." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2130, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2130/1/012022.

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Abstract The laser beam, plasma arc, and oxygen cutting methods are widely used in metal cutting processes. These methods are quite different from each other in terms of initial setup cost and cutting success. A powered laser beam is used in laser beam cutting, plasma is used in plasma arc cutting, flammable gas - oxygen mixture is used in the oxygen cutting method. In this study, the cutting success of these methods was investigated on tensile specimens. Microstructure, hardness (HV 0.1), surface roughness, and strengths were investigated after the cutting process. The tensile test implemented with tensile samples cut from the same material by these three methods, it was observed that the strength values of the samples changed by about 8% in tensile strength depending on the cutting process. The hardness of the cut surfaces in plasma arc cutting increased from 150 HV to 230 HV for S235JR material. For this reason, it is difficult to perform machining operations after plasma cutting. The hardness value reached after laser beam cutting is 185 HV. Plasma arc cutting is more cost-effective than laser beam cutting. 1-3° vertical inclination (conicity) occurs on the cut surface in plasma arc cutting, while this inclination almost does not occur in laser cutting. In plasma cutting benches, cutting is done with oxygen, and in cutting with oxygen, the taper is seen in a small amount.
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Li, Shu Juan, Yong Ke Hu, Xue Jiang, and Juan Du. "Experimental Study on Cryogenic Cutting of High-Strength Steel with Liquid Nitrogen Cooling." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.470.

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As a modern manufacturing technology, cryogenic cutting technology is one of effective ways to improve machining efficiency of hard-cutting materials.With typical hard-cutting materials 35CrMnSiA and 45CrNiMoV high-strength steel as the research object, the comparison experiment between cryogenic cutting and dry cutting of two kinds of high-strength steels was made in this paper. In the changing cutting speed conditions, the cutting force and the surface roughness of two kinds of cutting were measured in this experiment.By changing the length of cutting stroke, the cutter wear of two kinds of cutting was measured, and a comparison of chip-breaking effects was made in the experiment.The experimental results indicate that the cutting force, surface roughness, and tool wear in cutting 35CrMnSiA and 45CrNiMoV high-strength steel under cryogenic condition are reduced, and chip-breaking effect of cryogenic cutting is improved. This may be attributed mainly to improve the machinability of higth-strength steel.
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Huang, Wei Lei, and Gui Cheng Wang. "Strength of Screw Thread in Vibration Tapping." Advanced Materials Research 443-444 (January 2012): 678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.443-444.678.

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Screw thread connection is a common way of detachable connection. The invalidation of screw thread connection will lead to mechanical failure or even retirement. Vibration tapping is essentially a kind of high-energy impact cutting which increases the rigidity of the tool. Composite vibration tapping simultaneously with repeated cutting action reduces the surface recovery of plastic materials and enhances metal cutting rate. Theoretical study and experimental results show that vibration tapping improves the metal cutting rates, enhances the machining accuracy and makes screw thread connection assembly easier. At the same time, vibration tapping process does not reduce the strength of screw thread. As the screw thread can be more uniformed cut at different depths, vibration tapping enhances the strength of screw thread slightly.
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Saito, Fuminori, Itsuo Nishiyama, and Toshio Hyodo. "Cutting strength — A new indicator for the mechanical strength of materials." Materials Letters 66, no. 1 (January 2012): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.02.027.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Strength of the cutting"

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Molinaro, Marco. "Understanding the Strength of General-Purpose Cutting Planes." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2013. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/257.

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Cutting planes for a mixed-integer program are linear inequalities which are satisfied by all feasible solutions of the latter. These are fundamental objects in mixed-integer programming that are critical for solving large-scale problems in practice. One of the main challenge in employing them is that there are limitless possibilities for generating cutting planes; the selection of the strongest ones is crucial for their effective use. In this thesis, we provide a principled study of the strength of generalpurpose cutting planes, giving a better understanding of the relationship between the different families of cuts available and analyzing the properties and limitations of our current methods for deriving cuts. We start by analyzing the strength of disjunctive cuts that generalize the ubiquitous split cuts. We first provide a complete picture of the containment relationship of the split closure, second split closure, cross closure, crooked cross closure and tbranch split closure. In particular, we show that rank-2 split cuts and crooked cross cuts are neither implied by cross cuts, which points out the limitations of the latter; these results answer questions left open in [56, 65]. Moreover, given the prominent role of relaxations and their computational advantages, we explore how strong are cross cuts obtained from basic and 2-row relaxations. Unfortunately we show that not all cross cuts can be obtained as cuts based on these relaxation, answering a question left open in [56]. One positive message from this result, though, is that cross cuts do not suffer from the limitations of these relaxations. Our second contribution is the introduction of a probabilistic model for comparing the strength of families of cuts for the continuous relaxation. We employ this model to compare the important split and triangle cuts, obtaining results that provide improved information about their behavior. More precisely, while previous works indicated that triangle cuts should be much stronger than split cuts, we provide the first theoretical support for the effect that is observed in practice: for most instances, these cuts have the same strength. In our third contribution, we study the multi-dimensional infinite relaxation introduced by Gomory and Johnson in the late 60’s, which has been an important tool for analyzing and obtaining insights on cutting planes. The celebrated Gomory- Johnson’s 2-Slope Theorem gives a sufficient condition for a cut to be facet defining from the 1-row infinite relaxation. We provide an extension of this result for the k-row case, for arbitrary k, which we call the (k + 1)-Slope Theorem. Despite increasing interest in understanding the multi-row case, no such extension was known prior to our work. This result, together with the relevance of 2-slope functions for the 1-dimensional case, indicates that (k + 1)-slope functions might lead to strong cuts in practice. In our fourth contribution, we consider cuts that generalize Gomory fractional cuts but take into account upper bounds imposed on the variables. More specifically, we revisit the lopsided cuts obtained recently by Balas and Qualizza via a disjunctive procedure. We give a geometric interpretation of these cuts, viewing them as cuts for the infinite relaxation that are strengthened by a geometric lifting procedure. Using this perspective, we are able to generalize these cuts to obtain a family of cuts which has on one end the GMI cut, and on the other end the lopsided cuts. We show that all these cuts are “new”, namely they are all facets of the infinite relaxation with upper bounded basic variable. We conclude by presenting preliminary experimental results, which unfortunately shows that these cuts decrease in importance as they move away from the GMI inequality, complementing the experimental results from Balas and Qualizza. In our final contribution, we further explore properties and characterizations of split cuts, focusing on a general model of mixed-integer corner relaxation. The backbone of this work is a description of the split cuts for this relaxation from the perspective of cut-generating functions; this essentially establishes the equivalence of split cuts and (a generalization of) the k-cuts [50]. As our previous result, this characterization is obtained using the geometric lifting idea, illustrating its flexibility as a tool for analyzing cuts. As a consequence, we show that every split cut for a corner relaxation is the restriction of a split cut for the mixed-integer infinite relaxation, which further indicates the universality of the latter. As another consequence, we construct a pure-integer set with arbitrarily weak split closure, giving a pure-integer counterpart of the mixed-integer construction from [27].
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Öhman, Felix. "Comparing the Effectiveness of Punching to Laser Cutting in UltraHigh Strength Steel." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298429.

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This study examines the efficiency of punching compared to laser cutting in sheets of Ultra High Strength Steel (UHSS). The study was conducted to determine which process is more efficient with respect to sheet thickness, where the quality of the cut edge is also taken into consideration of whether punching is recommended over laser cutting. The need for information surrounding punching in UHSS will grow as UHSS becomes more common. A simple screener, with dimensions of 1x1 m, with 169 holes, Ø=15 mm, was the sample shape used to test and compare punching to laser cutting. Simulations were made of punching two sheets of Hardox® 500 Tuf with a thickness of 4 mm respectively 5 mm. The laser cutting was also simulated, were a sheet thickness of 4,5,6 and 8 mm was tested, were both a 6 kW laser and a 10 kW laser were used. The lasers use O2  as its high-pressure gas. The punching time was calculated using parameters used for material properties in between S355 and a stainless steel, as it was thought that the punching speed more or less stays the same with varying materials. The cutting time for laser is barely affected by alloying elements and so the cutting time for Hardox® 500 Tuf is estimated to be that of the cutting time of S355. The simulations of punching, laser cutting, and the schematic of the sample screener was done by the company Weland AB. No physical punching was done due to a lack of proper tooling. The simulations of both punching and laser cutting resulted in punching being seven to eight times faster than laser cutting. But due to the extreme properties of Hardox® 500 Tuf, the cut edge of the punched sheets are speculated to be inferior and not suitable for typical wear plate applications. It istherefore recommended to laser cut Hardox 500® Tuf, until further research is done.
Denna studie undersöker effektiviteten av stansning jämfört med laserskärning i plåt av Ultra High Strength Steel (UHSS). Studien genomfördes för att bestämma vilken process som är effektivare med avseende på plåttjocklek, där kvaliteten på den skurna kanten också tas i beaktning vare sig stansning rekommenderas över laserskärning. Behovet av information kring stansning i UHSS kommer att öka i och med att UHSS blir vanligare. En enkel sikt, med måtten 1x1 m, med 169 hål, Ø = 15 mm, var utformningen av plåten som användes för att testa och jämföra stansning med laserskärning. Simuleringar av att stansa två plåtar av Hardox® 500 Tuf gjordes, med en tjocklek av 4 mm respektive 5 mm. Laserskärningen simulerades också, där en plåttjocklek på 4,5,6 och 8 mm testades, där både en 6 kW laser och en 10 kW laser simulerades. Lasrarna använder O2  som högtrycksgas. Stanstiden beräknades med hjälp av parametrar som används för material med materialegenskaper mellan S355 och rostfritt stål, eftersom man ansåg att stansningshastigheten mer eller mindre förblir densamma för olika material. Skärtiden för laser påverkas knappt av legeringsämnen och därför beräknas skärtiden för Hardox® 500 Tuf vara samma som skärtiden för S355. Simuleringarna av stansning och laserskärning samt ritningen för provets utformning, gjordes av företaget Weland AB. Ingen fysisk stansning gjordes på grund av brist på rätt verktyg. Simuleringarna av både stansning och laserskärning resulterade i att stansning var sju till åtta gånger snabbare än laserskärning. Men på grund av de extrema egenskaperna hos Hardox® 500 Tuf, spekuleras det att kvaliteten på den skurna kanten hos de stansade plåtarna vara undermålig, och lämpar sig då ej för typiska slitplåtstillämpningar. Det rekommenderas därför att laserskära Hardox 500® Tuf tills ytterligare forskning har utförts.
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Medvedeva, Anna. "Performance of advanced tool steels for cutting tool bodies." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för maskin- och materialteknik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-5630.

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Performance of indexable insert cutting tools is not only about the performance of cutting inserts. It is also about the cutting tool body, which has to provide a secure and accurate insert positioning as well as its quick and easy handling under severe working conditions. The common damage mechanisms of cutting tool bodies are fatigue and plastic deformation. Cutting tools undergo high dynamic stresses going in and out cutting engagement; as a result, an adequate level of fatigue strength is the essential steel property. Working temperatures of tool bodies in the insert pocket can reach up to 600°C, why the tool steel requires high softening resistance to avoid plastic deformation. Machinability is also essential, as machining of the steel represents a large fraction of the production cost of a cutting tool. The overall aim of the study is to improve the tool body performance by use of an advanced steel grade with an optimized combination of all the demanding properties. Due to the high-temperature conditions, the thesis concerns mostly hot-work tool steels increasing also the general knowledge of their microstructure, mechanical properties and machinability. Knowing the positive effect of sulphur on machinability of steels, the first step was to indentify a certain limit of the sulphur addition, which would not reduce the fatigue strength of the tool body below an acceptable level. In tool bodies, where the demand on surface roughness was low and a geometrical stress concentrator was present, the addition of sulphur could be up to 0.09 wt%. Fatigue performance of the cutting tools to a large extent depended on the steel resistance to stress relaxation under high dynamic loading and elevated temperatures. The stress relaxation behaviour, material substructure and dislocation characteristics in low-alloyed and hot-work tool steels were studied using X-ray diffraction under thermal and mechanical loading.  Different tool steels exhibited different stress relaxation resistance depending on their microstructure, temper resistance and working temperature. Hot-work tool steels showed to be more preferable to low-alloyed tool steels because of their ability to inhibit the rearrangement and annihilation of induced dislocations. High-temperature softening resistance of the hot-work tool steels was investigated during high-temperature hold-times and isothermal fatigue and discussed with respect to their microstructure. Carbide morphology and precipitation were determined using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Machinability of a prehardened hot-work tool steel of varying nickel content from 1 to 5 wt% was investigated in end milling and drilling operations. Machining the higher nickel containing steels resulted in longer tool life and generated lower cutting forces and tool/workpiece interface temperature. The difference in machinability of the steels was discussed in terms of their microstructure and mechanical properties.
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Ray, Nathan. "Correlation between machining monitoring signals, cutting tool wear and surface integrity on high strength titanium alloys." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20660/.

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It is widely accepted that tool wear has a direct impact on a machining process, playing a key part in surface integrity, part quality, and therefore, process efficiency. By establishing the state of a tool during a machining process, it should be possible to estimate both the surface properties and the optimal process parameters, while allowing intelligent predictions about the future state of the process to be made; thus ultimately reducing unexpected component damage. This thesis intends to address the problem of tool wear prediction during machining where wear rates vary between components; for instance, due to the relatively large size of the component forging and, therefore, inherent material variations when compared to existing research. In this case, the industrial partner, Safran Landing Systems, is interested in the ability to predict tool wear during the finish milling of large, curved, titanium components, despite differing material properties and, therefore, tool wear rates. This thesis is split into four key parts, the first of which describes in detail the formulation and implementation of an experimental procedure, intended to provide a working set of industrially representative monitoring data that can be used throughout the remainder of the thesis. This part includes development of a relevant machining strategy, material specimen extraction, sensor selection and placement, and 3D tool geometry measurement, all of which have been completed at industrial partners facilities. It finishes with a preliminary investigation into the data collected during the machining process from the tools, material specimens, and sensors placed in close proximity to the cutting zone. The second, third, and fourth parts follow logically from one-another, beginning with a state classification problem, and ending with a full dynamic model prediction of wear during the machining of large landing gear components; this method, however, is applicable to many other machining scenarios using the new technique applied in this thesis. The state classification chapter is a necessary first step in developing a predictive model as is aims to prove the data is indeed separable based upon the generating wear state. Once confirmed, given the sequential nature of tool wear, the order of observations can be included in the modelling, in an attempt to improve classification accuracy. This forms the basis of the state tracking chapter, and leads naturally into the full dynamic model prediction in the final part. This is a promising result for the machining community, as process monitoring often relies on operator expertise to detect wear rate fluctuations and, in turn, results in over-conservative tool usage limits, adding time and expense to many complex machining processes. It also presents the opportunity to predict part quality through pre-existing relationships between the acquired signals and material surface finish - correlations which are explored and presented as part of this thesis. The solution to predicting a varying wear rate within a harsh machining environment introduced in this thesis is based around the application of a Gaussian process (GP) NARX (Nonlinear Auto-Regressive with eXogenous inputs) model borrowed from the machine learning prediction and, more recently, structural health monitoring (SHM) communities. The GP-NARX approach is found to be well suited to the application of wear prediction during machining, and forms a promising contribution to the development of autonomous manufacturing processes.
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Farrapo, Samily de Paulo. "Glycerines gross and semipurified on cutting power quails." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15952.

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FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃ
Objetivou-se avaliar o uso das glicerinas mista e bruta na alimentaÃÃo de codornas de corte. Foram executados dois experimentos, sendo um de digestibilidade para determinar os valores energÃticos da glicerina vegetal bruta e da mista semipurificada. No segundo experimento avaliou-se o desempenho, caracterÃsticas da carcaÃa e da carne de codornas de corte recebendo diferentes nÃveis de inclusÃo dessas glicerinas nas dietas. No ensaio de digestibilidade utilizou-se 180 codornas de corte, dos 14 aos 21 de idade, alojadas em gaiolas para estudos metabÃlicos, distribuÃdas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x2+1, sendo 2 nÃveis de substituiÃÃo da raÃÃo referÃncia pela glicerina (10 e 20%), dois tipos de glicerinas (vegetal e mista), mais a raÃÃo referÃncia, totalizando 5 tratamentos com 6 repetiÃÃes de 6 aves. O perÃodo experimental foi de oito dias, sendo quatro para a adaptaÃÃo e quatro para coleta total de excretas. A glicerina vegetal bruta apresentou maior energia metabolizÃvel aparente corrigida pelo balanÃo do nitrogÃnio com base na MS (EMAn kcal/kgMS), como na MN (EMAn kcal/kgMN), 5.195 e 4.759, contra 3.884 e 3.472 para a glicerina mista semipurificada, para os valores energÃticos, respectivamente. No segundo experimento utilizou-se 432 codornas de corte de 1 a 42 dias de idade, distribuÃdas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x4+1, sendo 2 tipos de glicerinas (vegetal e mista), 4 nÃveis de inclusÃo de glicerinas nas dietas (5, 10, 15 e 20%), mais a raÃÃo controle, sem inclusÃo de glicerina, totalizando 9 tratamentos com 4 repetiÃÃes de 12 aves. Aos 42 dias as aves passaram por jejum sÃlido de oito horas, para o abate, sendo duas aves de cada repetiÃÃo separadas dentro do peso mÃdio, para posteriores anÃlises. Avaliou- se o consumo de raÃÃo, ganho de peso, conversÃo alimentar, rendimento de carcaÃa, de cortes (peito e coxa+sobrecoxa), teor de gordura abdominal, biometria dos ÃrgÃos (fÃgado, coraÃÃo e moela), amÃnia volÃtil, umidade e PH da cama, bem como as caracterÃsticas fÃsicas e sensoriais da carne. Os dados foram submetidos à anÃlise de variÃncia e os nÃveis de inclusÃo das glicerinas, foram desdobrados em polinÃmios. Para comparaÃÃo em relaÃÃo ao tratamento controle, foi utilizado o teste de Dunnett (5%). Observou-se diferenÃa para o desempenho, onde a glicerina mista proporcionou maiores resultados para consumo de raÃÃo em todos os perÃodos analisados, bem como na conversÃo alimentar de 1 a 21 dias e de 1 a 42 dias de idade das codornas. NÃo foi observada diferenÃa entre as glicerinas utilizadas para a amÃnia volÃtil, enquanto entre os nÃveis de inclusÃo das glicerinas houve efeito linear crescente para essa variÃvel à medida que se adicionou qualquer das glicerinas nas raÃÃes. O pH da cama foi superior ao se utilizar qualquer nÃvel de inclusÃo da glicerina vegetal quando comparado ao tratamento controle, bem como a partir de 10% de inclusÃo os valores de pH sÃo maiores ao se utilizar a glicerina vegetal e nÃo a mista. Nenhum dos fatores analisados interferiu no teor de umidade da cama. NÃo foram observadas diferenÃas para o rendimento, jà a gordura abdominal mostrou-se maior nas aves que consumiram raÃÃo contendo glicerina vegetal. Para as caracterÃsticas fÃsicas da carne considerou-se a perda de peso por cocÃÃo, forÃa de cisalhamento e capacidade de retenÃÃo de Ãgua, onde os dados para os nÃveis de inclusÃo das glicerinas foram desdobrados em polinÃmios, enquanto que para as glicerinas usado o Teste F. Jà para as caracterÃsticas sensoriais, aroma, cor, sabor e avaliaÃÃo global, as mÃdias foram comparadas pelo teste de Ducan a 5%. O uso de glicerina vegetal ou mista nÃo interferiu nas caracterÃsticas sensoriais da carne de codorna (P>0,05), podendo ser usada em atà 20% de inclusÃo nas raÃÃes. Para as caracterÃsticas fÃsicas houve diferenÃa (P<0,05) para forÃa e cisalhamento sendo os nÃveis 12,5% da GMS e 12,78% da GVB os que apesentaram melhores resultados. Para PPC e CRA nÃo houve diferenÃa (P> 0,05) entre os tratamentos analisados. Conclui-se que as duas glicerinas possuem potencial para serem utilizadas atà 20% na alimentaÃÃo de codornas, sem prejudicar o ganho de peso, o rendimento e a qualidade da cama, sendo a glicerina bruta a que apresenta maior quantidade de energia. No entanto, 13% de inclusÃo de glicerina nas raÃÃes de codorna proporciona uma carne mais suculenta.
The objective was to evaluate the use of mixed and gross glycerines on slaughter quail. Two experiments were performed, one of digestibility to determine the energy values of crude vegetable glycerin and semipurified mixed. The second experiment evaluated the performance, carcass characteristics and meat quail meat receiving different levels of inclusion in the diets of these glycerides. In the digestibility assay was used 180 quails, from 14 to 21 of age, housed in cages for metabolic studies, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 2x2 + 1, 2 ration of replacement reference levels for glycerin (10 and 20%), two types of glycerides (crop and mixed), the more the reference diet, totaling five treatments with 6 replications of 6 birds. The experiment lasted eight days, four for adaptation and four for excreta collection. Gross vegetable glycerin had a higher apparent metabolizable energy corrected by nitrogen balance based on MS (AMEn kcal / kgMS) as the MN (AMEn kcal / kgMN), 5,195 and 4,759, against 3,884 and 3,472 for the semipurified mixed glycerin to the energy values, respectively. In the second experiment we used 432 quails 1- 42 days old, distributed in a completely randomized design in a factorial 2x4 + 1, 2 types of glycerides (vegetable and mixed), 4 glycerines inclusion levels in diets (5, 10, 15 and 20%) over control diet without the addition of glycerin, a total of 9 treatment with 4 replications of 12 birds. At 42 days the birds have undergone solid fasting for eight hours for slaughter, two birds of each separate repetition within the medium weight, for further analysis. It were evaluate the feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion, carcass yield, cuts (breast and thigh + drumstick), abdominal fat, biometry of the organs (liver, heart and gizzard), volatile ammonia, moisture and PH of the bed, as well as physical and sensory characteristics of meat. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and levels of inclusion of glycerides, they were deployed in polynomials. For comparison compared to the control treatment was performed using the Dunnett's test (5%). Difference was observed for performance, where the mixed glycerol provided greater results for feed intake in all periods analyzed, as well as feed conversion 1-21 days and 1-42 days of age of quail. No difference was observed between the glycerides used for volatile ammonia, while between the levels of inclusion of glycerines there was increasing linear effect for this variable as they added either glycerines in feed. The pH was superior to the bed using any inclusion level of vegetable glycerin compared to the control treatment and from 10% to include the pH values are higher when using the vegetable glycerine and not mixed. None of the analyzed factors interfered with the moisture content of the bed. There were no difference for yield, since abdominal fat was higher in birds fed diet containing vegetable glycerin. For the physical characteristics of the meat considered the weight loss for cooking, shear strength and water holding capacity, where data for inclusion levels of glycerides were deployed in polynomials, while for the glycerides used Test F . As for the sensory characteristics, aroma, color, flavor and overall evaluation, the means were compared by 5% Duncan test. The use of vegetable glycerin mixed or no effect on the sensory characteristics of quail meat (P>0.05), can be used in up to 20% inclusion in diets. For the physical difference (P <0.05) for strength and shear levels being 12.5% of GMS and 12.78% of GVB apesentaram that the best results. CRA for PPC and there was no difference (P> 0.05) between treatments analyzed. It follows that the two glycerides have potential to be used up to 20% in the feed quail, without harming the weight gain, the yield and quality of the bed, and the crude glycerin presents the highest amount of energy. However, 13% inclusion of glycerin in quail rations provides a more succulent meat.
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Stenberg, Thomas. "Fatigue properties of cut and welded high strength steels : Quality aspects in design and production." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Lättkonstruktioner, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188225.

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This doctoral thesis concerns fatigue of welded structures. Welding is one of the world’s most common joining methods and it is frequently used in several structural applications in many fields. Some examples are construction vehicles, loader cranes, trucks, busses, forestry and agricultural machines, bridges and ships. Since these structures are subjected to repeated loading, fatigue is the most common cause of failure. A novel numerical algorithm has been developed which assesses the welded surface and calculates and quantifies weld quality parameters and the presence of defects which are critical in fatigue applications. The algorithm is designed for implementation in serial production. It will provide robust and reliable feedback on the quality being produced, which is essential if high strength steels are utilized. Two welding procedures which can increase the weld quality in as welded conditions have been assessed. These procedures utilize welding in different positions and pendling techniques, which can be accomplished using the existing welding equipment. It was found that by using these methods, the fatigue strength can be increased compared to normal weld quality. Furthermore, two fatigue assessment methods ability to account for increased weld quality in low cycle and high cycle fatigue applications has been studied. One of these methods showed sufficient accuracy in predicting the fatigue strength with small scatter and also account for increased weld quality. When implementing thinner high strength steels, the overall stress level in the structure increase. Therefore, other locations such as the steel cut edges may become critical for fatigue failure unless they are not designed and manufactured with the same quality as the welded joint. The influence of surface quality on cut edges was studied and the fatigue strength was estimated using international standards and a fatigue strength model for cut edges.

QC 20160613


WIQ
LIGHTSTRUCT
ONWELD
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7

Gram, Michael D. "Fineblanking of High Strength Steels: Control of Materials Properties for Tool Life." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1280869210.

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Bi, Wu. "Racking Strength of Paperboard Based Sheathing Materials." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1091059928.

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Stater, Lydia M. "Female Friendship: Strength Found Through Support." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1525691709141172.

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Буковський, Олег Миколайович. "Підвищення ефективності обробки отворів малих розмірів в умовах автоматизованого виробництва." Master's thesis, Київ, 2018. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/25648.

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Магістерська атестаційна робота на тему: «Підвищення ефективності обробки отворів малих розмірів в умовах автоматизованого виробництва» складається із 109 аркушів. До неї входять: 18 рисунків, 31 таблиця, 3 додатки. В роботі використано 52 бібліографічні найменування. Завданням даної роботи є розробка системи підвищення ефективності обробки отворів малих розмірів в умовах автоматизованого виробництва. Проаналізовано існуючі методи підвищення ефективності обробки отворів малих розмірів в умовах автоматизованого виробництва, розглянуто методи їх формоутворення, здійснено теоретичне дослідження особливостей процесу різання при свердлінні отворів, встановлено вплив швидкості різання, властивостей оброблюваного матеріалу, діаметра свердла, подачі та температури різання на ефективність обробки отворів малих розмірів. В результаті досліджень вирішено розробити автоматизовану систему підвищення ефективності обробки отворів малих розмірів, яка базується на вимірюванні сил різання та крутного моменту процесу свердління. Для її реалізації створено математичну модель, принципову схему роботи, побудовано алгоритм її роботи та створено необхідне програмне забезпечення. Здійснено дослідження підвищення ефективності обробки отворів малих розмірів з допомогою повного факторного експерименту. Результати даної роботи можуть бути використані державними підприємствами задля підвищення ефективності обробки отворів малих розмірів в умовах автоматизованого виробництва шляхом контролю процесу різання.
Master's attestation work on the topic: "Improving the efficiency of processing apertures of small sizes in the conditions of automated production" consists of 109 sheets. It includes 18 pictures, 30 tables, 3 attachments. 52 bibliographic titles were used in the work. The task of this work is to develop a system for improving the processing efficiency of small-sized apertures in the conditions of automated production. The existing methods of increasing the efficiency of processing small-sized apertures in the conditions of automated production are analyzed, the methods of their forming are considered, the theoretical study of the features of the cutting process during drilling of apertures has been carried out, the influence of cutting speed, properties of the treated material, the diameter of the drill, the filing and the temperature of cutting on the efficiency of processing the apertures of small sizes. As a result of the research, it was decided to develop an automated system for improving the efficiency of small-sized aperture processing, which is based on measuring the cutting forces and torque of the drilling process. For its realization a mathematical model, a basic scheme of work was created, an algorithm of its work was created and the necessary software was created. The research of increase of efficiency of processing of apertures of small sizes with the help of a full factor experiment has been carried out. The results of this work can be used by state-owned enterprises to improve the efficiency of processing small-sized apertures in the conditions of automated production by controlling the cutting process.
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Books on the topic "Strength of the cutting"

1

Geier, J. E. Water-jet-assisted drag bit cutting in medium-strength rock. Pgh. [i.e. Pittsburgh] Pa: U.S. Dept. of Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1987.

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Ali, M. El Sayed. Effect of cutting on fracture strength of yttria partially stabilized zirconia. Roskilde: Riso National Laboratory, 1988.

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Fisher, G. T. Effects of composition and processing variables on transverse rupture strength and hardness of nickel-alloy-bonded titanium carbide. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1987.

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Randy, Witte, ed. Cutting. Colorado Springs, CO: Western Horseman, 1989.

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Shaw, Phil. Cutting. Edited by Irons Stuart, Tiley Sue, and SATRA Footwear Technology Centre. Kettering: SATRA, 2002.

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Henderson, Sara. From strength to strength. Oxford: ISIS, 1995.

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Pappas, Nicholas J. Strength. New York: Algora Pub., 2012.

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Strength. London: Raintree, 2013.

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Applewhite, Ashton. Cutting Loose. New York: HarperCollins, 2007.

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J, DiIulio John, and Brookings Institution. Center for Public Management., eds. Cutting government. Washington, D.C: Center for Public Management, Brookings Institution, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Strength of the cutting"

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Mahardika, Muslim, Zahari Taha, Djoko Suharto, Kimiyuki Mitsui, and Hideki Aoyama. "Sensor Fusion Strategy in the Monitoring of Cutting Tool Wear." In Fracture and Strength of Solids VI, 727–32. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-989-x.727.

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ZHOU, Hong, and Jiangchao WANG. "Investigation on Thick-Plate Cutting of High-Strength Steel." In FE Computation on Accuracy Fabrication of Ship and Offshore Structure Based on Processing Mechanics, 37–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4087-2_3.

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Neugebauer, Reimund, V. Kräusel, and H. Bräunlich. "Advanced Cutting Technology in Process Chains for High Strength Steels." In Sheet Metal 2005, 817–24. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-972-5.817.

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Jezernik, Niko, Srečko Glodež, Tomaz Vuherer, Bojan Špes, and J. Kramberger. "The Influence of Plasma Cutting Process on the Fatigue Strength of High Strength Steel S960Q." In Advances in Fracture and Damage Mechanics VI, 669–72. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-448-0.669.

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Guo, Ying, and Wei Shan. "The Effect of Freeze–Thaw and Moisture on Soil Strength Index of Cutting Slope." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 373–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29107-4_20.

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Nikitina, L. G., and A. V. Volchenkov. "Study of Influence of Magnetic-Pulse Hardening on Cutting Tools Strength and Wear Resistance." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 59–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54817-9_7.

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Eman, J., and K. G. Sundin. "Fracture Strains at Holes in High-Strength Steel, a Comparison of Techniques for Hole-Cutting." In Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures, 195–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6239-1_96.

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Friesen, D., R. Krimm, S. Fries, K. Brunotte, and B. A. Behrens. "Investigation on Noise Reduction During Cutting of High-Strength Materials Based on Machine Acoustic Simulation." In Lecture Notes in Production Engineering, 45–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62138-7_5.

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Müller, Daniel, Jens Stahl, Isabella Pätzold, Roland Golle, Thomas Tobie, Wolfram Volk, and Karsten Stahl. "Influence of Shear Cutting Process Parameters on the Residual Stress State and the Fatigue Strength of Gears." In Forming the Future, 2331–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_195.

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Ovcharenko, Vladimir E., Konstantin V. Ivanov, and Bao Hai Yu. "Formation of a Nanostructured Hardened Surface Layer on the TiC-(Ni-Cr) Metal-Ceramic Alloy by Pulsed Electron-Beam Irradiation." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 421–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_18.

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AbstractThe efficiency and service life of products made from metal-ceramic tool alloys and used as cutting tools and friction units are determined by a combination of physical and strength properties of their surface layers with a thickness of up to 200 μm. Therefore, much attention is paid to their improvement at the present time. An effective way to increase the operational properties of the metal-ceramic alloy products is to modify the structure and the phase composition of the surface layers by forming multi-scale internal structures with a high proportion of low-dimensional (submicro and nano) components. For this purpose, surfaces are treated with concentrated energy fluxes. Pulse electron-beam irradiation (PEBI) in an inert gas plasma is one of the most effective methods. This chapter presents results of theoretical and experimental studies of this process. An example is the nanostructured hardened surface layer on the TiC-(Ni-Cr) metal-ceramic alloy (ratio of components 50:50) formed by PEBI in the plasma of argon, krypton, and xenon. Its multi-level structure, phase composition, as well as tribological and strength properties are shown.
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Conference papers on the topic "Strength of the cutting"

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Liu Zhibing and Wang Xibin. "Cutting performance and failure characteristic of new cutting tool in dry milling of high-strength steel." In International Technology and Innovation Conference 2009 (ITIC 2009). IET, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2009.1423.

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Kim, Junhee, Seungmin Woo, Daniel Dooyum Uyeh, Yeongsu Kim, Donghyuck Hong, and Yushin Ha. "Analyses of Garlic Stem Strength for Development of Cutting Machine." In 2019 Boston, Massachusetts July 7- July 10, 2019. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201900955.

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Perrottet, Delphine, Roy Housh, Bernold Richerzhagen, and John Manley. "Heat damage-free laser-microjet cutting achieves highest die fracture strength." In Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering, edited by Jim Fieret, Peter R. Herman, Tatsuo Okada, Craig B. Arnold, Friedrich G. Bachmann, Willem Hoving, Kunihiko Washio, et al. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.586710.

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van Steveninck, Erik, and Jim Manson. "An Innovative High Strength Drill Pipe Mechanical Cutting Solution Using Coiled Tubing." In SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/81742-ms.

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Landgrebe, Dirk, Tom Barthel, and Frank Schieck. "Trimming of Flat and Tubular Components by High Speed Impact Cutting (HSIC)." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71362.

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The trend for lightweight construction, especially in the automotive industry, leads to increased use of corresponding lightweight materials. In addition to novel construction materials such as fiber-reinforced plastics, established materials such as steel or aluminum are continuously being further developed, which is usually accompanied by a distinct increase in their strength. Beside material-related lightweight construction, new designs are applied such as the profile design. The disadvantage of this development is that established forming processes such as deep drawing, profile bending, hydroforming but also shearing of high-strength components increasingly reach their process limits. Particularly, in the case of trimming of high-strength components such as press-hardened components, it is hard to present conventional shearing processes in serial processes due to low tool life and deficient cutting surface quality. For this reason the laser cutting technology is often used. It is characterized by high flexibility and can largely meet the requirements regarding component quality. In contrast to shearing, however, it requires very long process cycle times due to its process rate, which makes it significantly less productive. High speed impact cutting offers an alternative. By exploiting high speed effects in the material, which leads to adiabatic heating of the shearing zone and a related significant reduction in strength, even ultra-high strength steel materials with tensile strengths of above 1500 MPa can be cut at high quality and with a short cycle time. In order to transfer this technology to serial applications and to develop process limits, extensive investigations were carried out using high-strength sheet metal materials and tube materials. The results are presented in this paper.
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Stock, Johannes W., Michael F. Zaeh, and Justinian P. Spaeth. "Remote laser cutting of CFRP: influence of the edge quality on fatigue strength." In SPIE LASE, edited by Friedhelm Dorsch. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2037793.

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Xiaoping Zhang, Yaqin Zhang, and Gangjun Yang. "Analysis of factors influencing cutting quality and strength parameters of rolling cut shears." In Conceptual Design (CAID/CD). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/caidcd.2008.4730527.

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Kobayashi, T., H. Ochiai, R. Fukagawa, S. Aoki, and K. Tamoi. "A Proposal for Estimating Strength Parameters of Lunar Surface from Soil Cutting Resistances." In 10th Biennial International Conference on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments and Second NASA/ARO/ASCE Workshop on Granular Materials in Lunar and Martian Exploration. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40830(188)63.

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Igathinathane Cannayen, Alvin R Womac, and Shahab Sokhansanj. "Effect of Angle of Cut on Corn Stalks Mechanical Cutting Strength and Energy." In 2010 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20 - June 23, 2010. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29678.

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Wang, Z. Y., James Jacobs, and Pengtao Sun. "Atom Ionization in Metal Cutting." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65434.

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The inspiration for developing this atomic model comes from Merchant’s models for studying chip strain and shear angle. In this paper the 2D Merchant’s Diagram of Circles has been replaced by atoms of the workpiece and tool. This research reveals that atom losing electrons in workpiece is common in metal cutting. Also at the atomic level, cutting workpiece leads to an electric process to occur, which valence electrons leave atoms of the workpiece material as cutting tool pushing forward, forming a charged zone in the workpiece which weakens its strength and eventually causes them to be removed as cutting chip. In this paper, the charged zone was calculated for cutting 1040 steel with a tungsten carbide tool. Experimental results of electromotive force are presented to support the existence of an electrical charge in metal cutting.
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Reports on the topic "Strength of the cutting"

1

Cain, P., and L. S. O'Leary. Strength log of an open borehole from index testing of cuttings. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304842.

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2

Baral, Aniruddha, Jeffrey Roesler, M. Ley, Shinhyu Kang, Loren Emerson, Zane Lloyd, Braden Boyd, and Marllon Cook. High-volume Fly Ash Concrete for Pavements Findings: Volume 1. Illinois Center for Transportation, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-030.

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High-volume fly ash concrete (HVFAC) has improved durability and sustainability properties at a lower cost than conventional concrete, but its early-age properties like strength gain, setting time, and air entrainment can present challenges for application to concrete pavements. This research report helps with the implementation of HVFAC for pavement applications by providing guidelines for HVFAC mix design, testing protocols, and new tools for better quality control of HVFAC properties. Calorimeter tests were performed to evaluate the effects of fly ash sources, cement–fly ash interactions, chemical admixtures, and limestone replacement on the setting times and hydration reaction of HVFAC. To better target the initial air-entraining agent dosage for HVFAC, a calibration curve between air-entraining dosage for achieving 6% air content and fly ash foam index test has been developed. Further, a digital foam index test was developed to make this test more consistent across different labs and operators. For a more rapid prediction of hardened HVFAC properties, such as compressive strength, resistivity, and diffusion coefficient, an oxide-based particle model was developed. An HVFAC field test section was also constructed to demonstrate the implementation of a noncontact ultrasonic device for determining the final set time and ideal time to initiate saw cutting. Additionally, a maturity method was successfully implemented that estimates the in-place compressive strength of HVFAC through wireless thermal sensors. An HVFAC mix design procedure using the tools developed in this project such as the calorimeter test, foam index test, and particle-based model was proposed to assist engineers in implementing HVFAC pavements.
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Subramaniam, Ramesh, Alfredo Perdiguero, Jason Rush, and Pamela Asis-Layugan, eds. Policy Actions for COVID-19 Economic Recovery: A Compendium of Policy Briefs. Asian Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/spr210233-2.

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The Policy Actions for COVID-19 Economic Recovery (PACER) Dialogues were held from June to September 2020 as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic accelerated around the world. They shared cutting-edge knowledge and best practices to help countries in Southeast Asia and the People’s Republic of China strengthen cooperation to mitigate the devastating effects of COVID-19 and accelerate their economic recovery. This compendium of 13 policy briefs summarizes the discussions, recommendations, and actionable insights from the PACER Dialogues.
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Baral, Aniruddha, Jeffery Roesler, and Junryu Fu. Early-age Properties of High-volume Fly Ash Concrete Mixes for Pavement: Volume 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-031.

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High-volume fly ash concrete (HVFAC) is more cost-efficient, sustainable, and durable than conventional concrete. This report presents a state-of-the-art review of HVFAC properties and different fly ash characterization methods. The main challenges identified for HVFAC for pavements are its early-age properties such as air entrainment, setting time, and strength gain, which are the focus of this research. Five fly ash sources in Illinois have been repeatedly characterized through x-ray diffraction, x-ray fluorescence, and laser diffraction over time. The fly ash oxide compositions from the same source but different quarterly samples were overall consistent with most variations observed in SO3 and MgO content. The minerals present in various fly ash sources were similar over multiple quarters, with the mineral content varying. The types of carbon present in the fly ash were also characterized through x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, loss on ignition, and foam index tests. A new computer vision–based digital foam index test was developed to automatically capture and quantify a video of the foam layer for better operator and laboratory reliability. The heat of hydration and setting times of HVFAC mixes for different cement and fly ash sources as well as chemical admixtures were investigated using an isothermal calorimeter. Class C HVFAC mixes had a higher sulfate imbalance than Class F mixes. The addition of chemical admixtures (both PCE- and lignosulfonate-based) delayed the hydration, with the delay higher for the PCE-based admixture. Both micro- and nano-limestone replacement were successful in accelerating the setting times, with nano-limestone being more effective than micro-limestone. A field test section constructed of HVFAC showed the feasibility and importance of using the noncontact ultrasound device to measure the final setting time as well as determine the saw-cutting time. Moreover, field implementation of the maturity method based on wireless thermal sensors demonstrated its viability for early opening strength, and only a few sensors with pavement depth are needed to estimate the field maturity.
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Robertson, M. C. Radial cutting torch. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/420393.

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6

Kramer, Richard Michael Jack. Cutting Tetrahedra by Node Identifiers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1459088.

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7

Shin. Cutting to make a lace. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1243.

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8

Lawphongpanich, Siriphong. A Nontangential Cutting Plane Algorithm. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada389937.

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9

Robinson, Sam, Peter Blau, and Robert Lacombe. Coated Cutting Tool Insert Development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/770389.

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10

Routh, R. D. Assembly procedure for column cutting platform. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/48701.

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