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Leckie, Andrew Francis. "Environmental Capacity of Local Streets with Street Treatments." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil and Natural Resource Engineering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7653.
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“I want my street to be like an extension to my driveway, where the kids can play safely and where the traffic does not bother us,” said one resident. Another said that she “likes traffic... We live in a city.” This gives an idea of the broad range of opinions and views that exist on traffic.
Traffic in local streets in a concern for residential amenity. There is always conflict between the residential amenity and traffic access functions of local streets. There is much debate on what a true local road is. The concept of environmental capacity was developed to identify a suitable maximum traffic volume on local streets, without overly adversely affecting residents. It was first introduced by Buchanan and Appleyard in separate research in the 1960s. Both men settled on thresholds of 2,000-3,000 vehicles per day. Chesterman, in 2009, carried out a study in Christchurch, surveying residents on four local streets with varying traffic volumes. He found residents living on busier streets felt that their streets were busier, noisier and less safe. There was also an increasing trend for these residents to have their houses turned away from the street and they tended to have less personal involvement with their neighbours. He found that perhaps a more suitable environmental capacity estimate was between 1,500 and 2,000 vehicles per day.
This study looked at further Christchurch streets, this time with street treatments, such as street calming and tree plantings, aiming to find an environmental capacity for these streets as well as seeing whether the street treatments affected the perceived environmental capacity. As well as reinforcing most of the conclusions found by Chesterman, a higher environmental capacity of around 2,000 vehicles per day was found for the surveyed streets. This suggests that indeed, street treatments such as those used in the surveyed streets can increase the environmental capacity, which has implications for local councils who want to maintain road traffic carrying capabilities without having unsatisfied residents.
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Desai, Maitri. "Reforming Complete Streets: considering the street as place." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1428070222.
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Špokauskaitė, Asta. "Streiko teisėtumo klausimai Lietuvos Respublikos ir Jungtinės Karalystės darbo teisėje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090908_194105-76521.
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Streiko teisėtumo, teisės streikuoti įgyvendinimo bei ribojimo klausimai yra svarstomi tiek Lietuvos Respublikoje, tiek Jungtinėje Karalystėje. Streikų reguliavimo šiose dviejose skirtingose jurisdikcijose problematika yra labai panaši, nepaisant to, kad Lietuvos Respublikos teisinė sistema yra priskiriama kontinentinei teisės sistemai, o Jungtinės Karalystės teisinė sistema priklauso teisės tradicijai. Be abejonės, be panašumų šių valstybių streikų reguliavime yra daugybė ir skirtumų. Pagrindinis šio magistro darbo tikslas yra palyginti streikų teisėtumo klausimus Lietuvos Respublikoje ir Jungtinėje Karalystėje bei atskleisti streikų reglamentavimo šiose jurisdikcijose panašumus bei skirtumus. Papildomas magistro darbo tikslas – identifikuoti problematinius bei kritikuojamus streikų reglamentavimo Lietuvos Respublikoje ir Jungtinėje Karalystėje klausimus. Šiekiant šių tikslų, vadovaujamasi šiose jurisdikcijose kolektyvinius veiksmus reglamentuojančių teisės aktų tekstais, darbo teisės mokslo doktrina, teismų praktika. Magistro darbe supažindinama su streiko samprata, prigimtimi ir šaltiniais Lietuvos Respublikos ir Jungtinės Karalystės teisės sistemose, taip pat aprašomas teisės streikuoti istorinis vystymasis bei pateikiami teisės streikuoti įgyvendinimo apribojimai, paaiškinama streikų ribojimo būtiniausias paslaugas teikiančiuose ūkio subjektuose problematika. Toliau darbe nagrinėjami streiko tikslai ir priežastys, kas nulemia streiko teisėtumą arba, priešingai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The legality of strikes, the implementation of the right to strike and the question of restrictions are debated both in the Republic of Lithuania and in the United Kingdom. Issues in the regulation of strikes in these two divergent jurisdictions are very similar, inspite of the fact that the legal system of the Republic of Lithuania belongs to the continental legal system and the legal system of the United Kingdom is considered to be part of the common law tradition. Certainly, despite similarities there are many differences in the regulation of strikes in these two jurisdictions. The primary objective of this master thesis is to compare the understanding of the legality of strikes in the Republic of Lithuania and in the United Kingdom and to reveal similarities and differences in the regulation of strikes in these jurisdictions. The subsidiary objective is to identify problematic and criticised aspects of the regulation of strikes in the Republic of Lithuania and in the United Kingdom. In order to accomplish these objectives, the provisions of legal acts, labour law doctrine, case examples of the courts in the regulation of collective actions have been analysed. In the master thesis the conception, nature and sources of strikes in the legal systems of the Republic of Lithuania and the United Kingdom are introduced, the historical evolution of the right to strike is described, restrictions of the implementation of the right to strike are provided and issues of the restriction... [to full text]
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Wong, On-wa. "Urban foci in Shamshuipo : revitalization of Nam Cheong street /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25956541.
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Steinemann, Jeremy R. "Successful streets : performance measures, community engagement, and urban street design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73834.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-181).
Over the past decade, local transportation agencies have increasingly re-designed urban arterials, their cities' major surface streets, to better accommodate a wide range of users. At the same time, a growing number of agencies are using performance measurement, the tracking and reporting of specific transportation-related variables, to evaluate and document their impacts. This report attempts to understand the role that performance measurement plays in design decision-making for urban arterial streets. First, the report examines how the selection and prioritization of performance measures shape urban arterial forms. While agencies in the mid-20th Century prioritized automobile performance in arterial design, present-day agencies attempt to balance performance across a broader range of street users and performance goals. Second, the report explores how local agencies can use performance-based planning for urban arterial projects at the same time as they engage in community-focused design processes. Research in transportation policy defines performance-based planning as a framework for agencies to use performance goals and measurement to guide decision-making. Existing research largely neglects the use of performance-based planning for project-level decisions and local transportation agencies. Since performance measurement systems hold agencies accountable to well-defined goals, performance-based planning may have value for both stakeholders and local officals in urban arterial design processes. To understand the potential role of performance-based planning for project-level design, this report examines four cases of urban arterial design: two in New York City (Prospect Park West in Brooklyn and 34th Street in Manhattan), and two in Portland, OR (North Williams Avenue and East Burnside). The cases were chosen because, in each, local officials faced community conflict about design and employed some form of performance measurement. The case study analysis finds that agencies can use performance-based planning to both guide design decisions and to actively engage community stakeholders. Among the cases considered, most employed only some features of performance-based planning, primarily to evaluate impacts and to make modifications to preliminary designs. One case, North Williams in Portland, was unique, however, in using a complete form of performance-based planning as a tool to increase participation by community stakeholders in the design process. Building upon the lessons from North Williams and the other cases, this report recommends a new framework for performance-based planning that attempts to empower stakeholders to participate in design decision-making, but recognizes that performance-based planning alone cannot resolve community conflicts.
by Jeremy R. Steinemann.
M.C.P.
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Cowan, G. "Occupying streets : street design in station areas, London and Frankfurt." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2015. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/99746/occupying-streets-street-design-in-station-areas-london-and-frankfurt.
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Strnisková, Veronika [Verfasser]. "Der Budweiser-Streit als Beispiel eines Konflikts zwischen Handelsmarken und geographischen Angaben – mögliche Lösungen des Streits / Veronika Strnisková." Aachen : Shaker, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1070152560/34.
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Patterson, Mason Foushee. "Standardization of Street Sampling Units to Improve Street Tree Population Estimates Derived by I-Tree Streets Inventory Software." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42687.
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Street trees are a subpopulation of the urban forest resource and exist in the rights-of-way adjacent to public roads in a municipality. Benefit-cost analyses have shown that the annual benefits provided by the average street tree far outweigh the costs of planting and maintenance. City and municipal foresters spend a majority of their time and resources managing street tree populations. Sample street tree inventories are a common method of estimating municipal street tree populations for the purposes of making urban forest policy, planning, and management decisions.
i-Tree Streets is a suite of software tools capable of producing estimates of street tree abundance and value from a sample of street trees taken along randomly selected sections (segments) of public streets. During sample street tree inventories conducted by Virginia Tech Urban Forestry, it was observed that the lengths of the sample streets recommended by i-Tree varied greatly within most municipalities leading to concern about the impact of street length variation on sampling precision.
This project was conducted to improve i-Tree Streets by changing the recommended sampling protocol without altering the software. Complete street tree censuses were obtained from 7 localities and standardized using GIS. The effects of standardizing street
segments to 3 different lengths prior to sampling on the accuracy and precision of i-Tree Streets estimates were investigated though computer simulations and analysis of changes in variation in number of trees per street segment as a basis for recommending procedural changes.
It was found that standardizing street segments significantly improved the precision of i-Tree Streets estimates. Based on the results of this investigation, it is generally recommended that street segments be standardized to 91m (300 ft) prior to conducting a sample inventory. Standardizing to 91m will significantly reduce the number of trees, the number of street segments, and the percentage of total street segments that must be sampled to achieve an estimate with a 10% relative standard error.
The effectiveness of standardization and the associated processing time can be computed from municipal attributes before standardization so practitioners can gauge the marginal gains in field time versus costs in processing time. Automating standardization procedures or conducting an optimization study of segment length would continue to increase the efficiency and marginal gains associated with street segment standardization.Master of Science
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Chittajallu, Dilip R. ""How good is the street?" a characteristic-based evaluation of Vine, Walnut, and Main streets, Cincinnati, Ohio /." [Cincinnati, Ohio] : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1093027197.
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Xue, Bing, and 薛冰. "Symbiotic street: stray cattle andcittizens [i. e. citizens] on streets of Ahmedabad." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B5070803X.
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Hatcher, Alexandra M. "From the Internet to the streets| Occupy Wall Street, the Internet, and activism." Thesis, Northern Arizona University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1537772.
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In September of 2011 protestors filled the streets of New York City’s Wall Street Financial District as part of the social movement known as Occupy Wall Street. Prior to their protests in the streets, Occupy Wall Street was a movement that originated and spread online through various social media such as Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and interactive webpages. The strategy of using Internet communication as a tool for activism is not new. Social movements since the 1990s have utilized the Internet.
The growing use of Web 2.0 technologies in our everyday lives is a topic that is not yet fully understood or researched by anthropologists, nor is its potential for ethnographic research fully realized. This thesis addresses both of these points by presenting a case study of how, as anthropologists, we can collect data from both the online and in-person presences of a group.
This thesis focuses on the social movement, Occupy Wall Street, because of its beginnings and continuing activity online. In-person data of the Occupy Wall Street movement were collected at Occupy movements in Flint, Michigan and New York City, New York using traditional ethnographic methods such as interviews and participant observation. Online data were collected using computer scripts (programs that automate computer tasks), that recursively downloaded websites onto my personal, locally owned hard drive. Once the online data was collected, I also used computer scripts to filter through data and locate phenomena on the websites that I had chosen to focus. By analyzing both online and in-person data I am able to gain a more holistic view and new ways of understanding social movements.
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Lian, Erwin. "DESIGN INVASION FROM THE STREETS: A STUDY OF STREET ART’S APPLICATION IN DESIGN." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250138042.
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Gorrell, Casey. "Narrowing the gap: correlating street width and pedestrian safety to justify narrowing urban streets." Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17554.
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Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture and Regional & Community Planning
Katie Kingery-Page
Many cities in the United States have developed into auto-dominated places with decreased accessibility for pedestrians and bleak cityscapes of wide, barrier-like streets. While many studies exist on the correlation between street width and vehicular safety, and vehicular speed and pedestrian safety, little information is available on the correlation between street width and pedestrian safety. This project began while the researcher interned with the New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT) Pedestrian Projects Group (PPG). The researcher was asked to begin a study of New York City (NYC) streets, specifically analyzing the relationship between street width and pedestrian safety using NYC safety data. The street types studied represent a variety of conditions found in many cities. The exploratory correlation study, completed after returning to Kansas State University, found that narrow streets trend towards higher safety. The correlation study between street width and pedestrian safety provides justification to narrow Bluemont Avenue in Manhattan, Kansas and increase pedestrian safety. Bluemont Avenue is a primary vehicular connection between the east and west sides of Manhattan. The city’s future construction plans propose widening the street to accommodate a center turning lane along the entire length of Bluemont Avenue. The research presented in this report supports the hypothesis that narrower streets are safer for pedestrians. By utilizing the results of the study, a designer can strengthen their argument to narrow wide, auto-dominated streets. In addition, the use of a two-stage design process can create a safer environment for pedestrians on Bluemont Avenue. By utilizing a temporary design followed by a permanent installation, the City of Manhattan can decrease the priority of Bluemont Avenue within the vehicle hierarchy and increase pedestrian safety. The intent of this report is to begin a conversation with the City of Manhattan to begin looking at streets not as mere vehicular paths, but paths for all modes of transit.
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Mahlangu, Nompumelelo Innocentia. "Factors that contribute to street children leaving rehabilitation centres and returning to the streets." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25588.
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Much of prevailing research on street children pertains to their experiences at home prior to their abode on the streets, as well as their ordeal on the streets once they have departed from their homes. Only a few studies highlight their experiences in rehabilitation centres. Hence no study was undertaken to explore factors that contribute to their departure from rehabilitation centres and return to the streets. The aim of the study was to determine why do some of the street children who were formerly placed in the rehabilitation centres return to the streets. Thus the objectives of the study were to (a) determine the norms and values that are applicable in the centres and (b) determine whether their tendency of returning to the streets results from their negative perception of certain factors in the centres, as well as their desire to resume the life that they adopted on the street prior to their placement in the centres. The sample comprised of sixteen street children who have previously resided in the centres. Focus group interviews were adopted as data collection techniques, and the children were subjected to four focus group interviews. A semi-structured interview was also conducted to one of the caregivers in the centre. A Grounded Theory Approach, which is an integration of the methods proposed by Strauss and Corbin (1990), Glaser (1992), Creswell (1998) and Strauss and Corbin (1998), was utilised for the analysis of the interviews. The findings evinced that the children's departure from the centres and return to the streets culminated from their familiarity with street life, desire to return home, discontentment with some of the living conditions in the centres, ill-treatment by the police and older boys, as well as their desire to resume street life, that is, to partake in income-generation activities and to be reunited with other children who reside on the streets. Much of their interaction with the caregivers also contributed to their retreat from the centres. The caregivers subjected them to discrimination, ill-treatment, false accusations, humiliation, restriction and threatened to transfer them to another centre. In addition to the above- mentioned factors, there were unanticipated findings that also emerged during the study. The findings were clustered as follows: factors that influenced the children to leave the centre and return home, factors that influenced the children to leave their homes and reside on the streets, factors that influenced the children to leave the streets and reside in the centre and factors that influenced the children to leave their homes and return to the streets. Therefore, the children's negative perception of the conditions that they were subjected to in the centres contributed to their return to the streets, as they related well with other street children and were able to earn an income on the streets.Dissertation (MA (Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2002.
Psychology
unrestricted
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Mahlangu, Nompumelelo Innocentia. "Factors that contribute to street children leaving rehabilitation centres and returning to the streets /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06172005-154603/.
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Lee, Chi-wai Corina, and 李智慧. "Conserving historic streets in Hong Kong: a feasibility study using the case of Ladder Street." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50716098.
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Hong Kong has carried out heritage conservation since the late 1970s based on the Antiquities & Monuments Ordinance of 1976, but protecting individual buildings has been the main focus. This is a fragmented way to conserving tangible heritage and is neither to the best interest of the building nor to the visitor experience.
Designating a street as historical is common in countries such Britain, Canada and the United States. However, they normally conserve the area as a whole rather than a single street. For example, Cleveland Street in London, England, is listed but it is treated as an “Conservation Area” rather than a “conservation street”. As designating streets as heritage is not new to these countries. It is, however, a quite new concept to Hong Kong. 2009 marked the first time in Hong King’s history that streets were listed as Grade I built heritage, namely Pottinger Street and Ladder Street. Both are in the Central district. Is it a good way to conserving a street by just designating it as a heritage, but segregating it from its context? What other support measures are required to have it be really conserved?
This dissertation focuses on whether it works as conservation by designating a street as a built heritage without including its context. The scope covers one case-study street, Ladder Street in Sheung Wan, and tracks the changes of the area after its Grade I listing in December 2009. Ladder Street is one of the earliest streets constructed in Hong Kong. It is not only a “built heritage” in itself, it also cuts across several streets featuring other “built heritage,” such as Man Mo Temple, YMCA and the Hong Kong Museum of Medical Sciences building. This study will attempt to evaluate if it is appropriate to designate a street.
The main objective of this research is to review the Hong Kong experience in conserving built heritage, the designation procedure in Hong Kong, the reasons of designating Ladder Street, the impact on the streetscape and its implications in Hong Kong. Overseas example will be examined and their applicability in the Hong Kong context will be discussed. Ultimately, possible areas for further investigation will be identified.published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation
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Man, Pui Yee. "The spatiality of governing public streets : a case of Sai Yeung Choi street pedestrian scheme." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1079.
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Gallagher, Elizabeth. "Beyond 'Green' streets - Mitigating climate change through residential streetscape design." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15338.
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This research Beyond ‘Green’ Streets identifies significant gaps in theory and practice and proposes, develops and applies new techniques to mitigate climate change through residential street design. References to ‘green’ or ‘sustainable’ streetscape designs are increasingly evident in the policy and planning literature. However objectives are vaguely defined, integrated quantitative emissions data on street design is relatively unavailable and integrated modelling in street environments is largely absent. Most of the CO2 research literature on street environments has been undertaken within specialised disciplines such as engineering, arboriculture and climatology. Few studies have drawn together the natural and constructed features for streets or tested design modifications that could mitigate CO2. The absence of data on street design and CO2 performance makes it difficult to define appropriate targets and evaluate policy ambitions that seek to face the problem of climate change. The research draws together different street components and layouts to evaluate the CO2 emissions profile and abatement potential for residential streets in Sydney, Australia. The method developed an integrated CO2 emissions model based on its current physical layout and operational use. The street’s constructed elements including kerbs, carriageways, lanes, parking bays were combined with the street’s natural elements, specifically street trees. Sequestration and shading performance for a range of street tree species was estimated using a combination of new and existing modelling techniques including terrestrial laser scanning and climate housing simulation software. Simulations of street retrofit scenarios and new street designs were developed and evaluated. Streets, as relatively stable components of urban form, and as essential functional entities spanning large areas offer substantial mitigation potential. The results showed that dramatic increases in CO2 abatement could be achieved through minor street design modifications. Street retrofits that relied solely on modifications to street trees could achieve almost 7 times more CO2 abatement than a standard street design and 10 times more CO2 abatement when modest design changes were adopted into new street layouts. Opportunities for implementation in policy have been developed in recognition of the complicated management and ownership context of streets. Fundamental obstacles to implementation are also identified. Consistent comparable data that can leverage the optimum climate mitigation and adaptation benefits from these urban forms represents a new opportunity for research and practice. This study lays the basis for design professionals and authorities to test and calculate optimum street configurations and allows governments to make informed decisions, set targets and measure outcomes for these essential public assets.
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Engelin, Edvinsson Tobias. "Reimagine streets as places : A public space and public life analysis." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298536.
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I århundraden har gator haft ett ekonomiskt, medborgerligt, kulturellt, socialt och politiskt värde. Gator var tidigare de främsta ‘platserna’ där människor samlades för att umgås, handla och koppla av. Men från 1950-talet och framåt, då antalet motoriserade fordon började ta fart, har gatornas funktion som ‘plats’ förbisetts. Som ett resultat har gator utformats och planerats för ett enda syfte, det vill säga flödet av fordonstrafik. Men i takt med ett växande intresse för social och urban hållbarhet har den moderna gatans roll och funktion i våra städer ifrågasatts. Kritiken har ofta riktats mot att gator under de senaste årtiondena endast behandlats som korridorer för trafikflöden fastän de kan erbjuda så många fler funktioner. Diskussionen har därför till stor del handlat om behovet av ett skifte från gata som en länk eller en trafikled till gata som en plats eller en destination. Under senare år har olika begrepp såsom ”gator för människor” och ”gator som platser” fått stor uppmärksamhet. Dessa koncept syftar till att utgå från människor vid utformning och planering av gator. Exempel från hela världen visar hur allt fler städer tar gator i anspråk och omformar dessa till just platser för människor. I Stockholm exempelvis finns det en tradition sedan år 2015 att tillfälligt omforma konventionella bilgator till sommargågator för människor under sommarhalvåret. Syftet med denna studie är att mäta och utvärdera det offentliga livet och de rumsliga kvaliteterna före och efter den temporära utformningen av Rörstrandsgatan och Skånegatan till sommargågator i Stockholm. Vidare är fokus för denna studie att utforska nyckelbegrepp och teorier för hur man utformar ”gator som platser”. De två huvudfrågorna som ska besvaras i denna studie är: (1) Hur förändras det offentliga stadslivet och de offentliga rumsliga kvaliteterna före och efter den tillfälliga omformningen av Rörstrandsgatan och Skånegatan till sommargågator? (2) Vilka är nyckelbegreppen och de viktigaste teorierna inom stadsplanering för diskussionen om ”gator som platser”? I denna studie har två metoder använts; direkt observation och litteraturstudie. Direkt observation följer Jan Gehls observationsmetod. Det är en metod som används för att studera samspelet mellan det offentliga rummet och det offentliga stadslivet genom att använda en kombination av flera olika verktyg. Dessa verktyg kan i sin tur användas för att mäta det offentliga stadslivet på olika sätt. En litteraturstudie har också använts för att samla information om olika teorier för hur man skapar gator där människor vill vistas och spendera tid. Resultaten i denna studie visar att sommargator har en positiv inverkan på det offentliga stadslivet. Exempelvis noterades fler sociala interaktioner mellan människor, antalet aktiviteter som ägde rum ökade också vilket gjorde gatan livligare under hela dagen. Resultatet visar också att människor dröjer sig kvar och stannar till en längre stund på sommargågatorna.For centuries streets have had an economic, civic, cultural, social and political value. Streets used to be the major ’places’ where people gathered to socialize, trade and relax. However, since the growth of motorized vehicles started in the 1950s, the ‘place’ function of streets has been overlooked. As a result, streets have been planned for one major purpose only, that is, the mobility of vehicular traffic. However, with today’s growing emphasis on urban and social sustainability, it is being recognized that there is a need to shift the function of streets and instead favor the ‘place function’ over the ‘traffic function’. Streets are much more than corridors of vehicular movement. In recent years, concepts such as ‘streets for people’ and ‘streets as places’ have gained much attention. These concepts aim to put people first in the design of streets. All around the world cities are reclaiming streets as public spaces for people. In Stockholm, for example, conventional streets are temporarily redesigned as summer pedestrian streets during the summer. The purpose of this study is to measure and evaluate the success of public life and public space qualities before and after the temporary redesign of Rörstrandsgatan and Skånegatan into summer pedestrian streets in the city of Stockholm, Sweden. Further on, the focus of this study is also to explore key concepts and main theories of how to design ‘streets as places’. The two research questions to be answered in this study are: (1) How does public life and public space qualities change before and after the temporary redesign of Rörstrandsgatan and Skånegatan into summer pedestrian streets? (2) What are the key concepts and main urban planning theories needed in the discussion of ‘streets as places’? For this study two methods were used; direct observation and literature review. Direct observation follows Jan Gehl’s method of observation. It is a method used for studying the interaction of public space and public life by using a combination of multiple public life tools. Overall, these tools can be used to measure public life in various ways. Literature review was used to determine the fundamental factors that contributes to make streets places where people want to spend time and linger. The results show that summer pedestrian streets have a positive impact on public life. For example, more social interactions were observed, the amount of activities taking place also increased making the street more lively throughout the day. The result also shows that people stay a longer time on the summer pedestrian streets and linger.
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Chittajallu, Dilip Roy. "“How Good Is the Street?” a Characteristic-Based Evaluation of Vine, Walnut, and Main Streets, Cincinnati, Ohio." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1093027197.
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Tsao, Chia-Lin. "A street life project : walking on main streets in Hsin-Chu City Centre, Taiwan : a socio-cultural approach." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490489.
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Wallendorf, Anneke. "Interface : activating a transitional space between private retail interiors and exterior public streets in Robert Sobukwe Street Sunnyside." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45294.
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Many of the buildings along Robert Sobukwe Street have been renovated in an effort to regenerate the area, including the Sunny Park Mall. These renovations have improved the general perception of the street but not the overall accessibility to the interior spaces behind the facades. The building facades are a barrier between exterior and interior spaces with little integration.
A decline in the pedestrian activity of the retail street stores has occurred due to these renovations in other areas. Consideration towards pedestrian users has shifted from the public street to the design for private interiors.
Through the understanding of user behaviour, an intervention strategy can be formed to align social needs with the spatial needs of both the public and private users to inform a design which satisfies both.
This intervention utilises the principles of way finding, activities and thresholds to build an interface linking the two environments based on the private needs for occupation and public need for interaction.
It provides a strategy to incorporate exterior spaces into a design and not limit the field to the space between the walls of existing buildings. To extend the space and create a transition dedicated to engaging the needs of both users is beneficial to the development and sustainability of this context.Dissertation (MInt(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2014.
Architecture
MInt(Prof)
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LeBlanc, Michael Edward. "Pervertions of the street capitalism and the enjoyment of urban violence /." Diss., UC access only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=121&did=1871857111&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=7&retrieveGroup=0&VType=PQD&VInst=PROD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1270488292&clientId=48051.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009.Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 284-302). Issued in print and online. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations.
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Jain, Priyanka. "NEOLIBERALIZING THE STREETS OF URBAN INDIA: ENGAGEMENTS OF A FREE MARKET THINK TANK IN THE POLITICS OF STREET HAWKING." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/geography_etds/14.
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This dissertation looks into the processes by which neoliberalism is mutating with various local and global discourses in order to transform urban space for marginalized street hawkers in the Global South, specifically Delhi, India. Following the current engagements in geographic literature on neoliberalism that focus on the contextually embedded character and the path-dependent process of the spread of free market ideas, I make free market advocacy think tanks--a rather unknown and under-investigated accomplice to this process--my main entry point. Corporate funded think tanks are often found advocating a neoliberal doctrine of free markets, minimal government intervention, and privatization. A self-professed civil society organization, the Center for Civil Society (CCS) in Delhi is one of the first neoliberal, national and foreign corporation funded, advocacy think tanks in India and one of its many agendas is to counter the popular belief that neoliberalism is harmful for the urban poor such as street hawkers.
Various NGOs, social workers, scholars, academicians, and think tanks including CCS came together to form the National Policy of Street Vendors, 2009 (NPSV), one of the first policy proposals in modern India to tackle the problems of urban spaces of street vending. Through my investigations I wish to highlight the neoliberal attitudes that are concealed in this policy regarding street hawkers. By bringing these neoliberal undertones to the forefront, this dissertation discusses how this so called “pro-hawking” policy that is being pushed to be implemented in the majority of Indian cities is in fact hostile to hawkers. I demonstrate this fact by explaining that NPSV and its proponents view space as a capitalist commodity and are attempting to transform the rich social spaces of Indian city streets into hollow container spaces of capitalist production and consumption. In this way, this dissertation connects macro spaces of governance such as city streets to the micro spaces of governmentality such as think tanks like CCS.
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Rolle, Christian, and Christopher Wallbaum. "Ästhetischer Streit im Musikunterricht." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-100637.
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Der Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in musikdidaktische Diskussionen zum »Reden über Musik« im besonderen Sinne ästhetischen Streits. Nach einer knappen Darlegung von Theoriebezügen werden anhand von beispielhaften Dialogen Grundformen ästhetischer Praxis im Musikunterricht vorgestellt, in denen ästhetische Arten des Redens über Musik eine Rolle spielen. Als Grundformen werden produktionsorientierte, rezeptionsorientierte und kulturorientierte Projekt- bzw. Unterrichtssituationen unterschiedenThe paper provides insight into discussions about “Talking about Music” in the meaning of aesthetic argument in the field of Music Education in Germany. After giving a brief explanation of the theoretical references, the text presents basic situations of aesthetical Praxis in Music Education with aesthetic dialogues about music. The basic situations are distinguished as situations of producing (in the meaning of inventing and performing) music, listening to music and dealing with different cultures (styles) of music
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Lane, Jonathan. "Gatan som rum & system." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18393.
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The streets are one of the most commonly used spaces of a city and most people would probably say that they know what a street is. However, at a second glance, streets could be quite complex spaces hosting sometimes co-existing and sometimes contradicting uses. To start with, there is both an inherent relation between staying and moving as well as between space and network in the concept of streets. Relations that is reflected in the global goals for sustainable development and that can´t be treated separated from each other if the streets are going to work as both a network of transportation, public spaces and as individual spaces. This study aims to investigate these inherent relations in the concept of streets between space and networks, staying and moving to describe the inherent complexity in the concept of streets these relations causes. Through the reasearh survey of this essay it is discovered that different parts of important litterature about urban planing treats this complexity in the concept of streets differently. This essay is therefore carried out through a observational study where different streets in Gothenburg, Sweden is observed. Thereafter the streets are described and analyzed in the light of the inherent complexity in the concept streets to examine if differents streets treats this complexity differently.
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Yildirim, Esen Sibel. "Revitalization Of Historic Commercial Areas Through The Main Street Program In U.s.a.: A Case Study From The Boston Main Streets Program." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607742/index.pdf.
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Considering revitalization as a way of improving three interrelated aspects of quality of life including physical quality, social and economic welfare, this study sets out an evaluation framework to measure the success of implementations aiming to revitalize historic commercial places. This framework emerges from the qualities of built environments which are defined with reference to the normative urban design theory developed by Kevin Lynch. Urban qualities are defined with a comprehensive approach which takes into account spatial, social, and economic aspects of creating urban places.
The Main Street Program, subject of this study, is a historic commercial district revitalization program developed by the National Trust for Historic Preservation in the United States. This program introduces a preservation-based revitalization model. Based on a comprehensive approach, the program suggests working simultaneously on organization, design, economic restructuring, and promotion.
This study analyzes the revitalization model of the Main Street Program by looking at its various aspects including organization models, funding tools, involvement of local communities, contributions of the federal and local governments, implementation, and self-evaluation. Besides, it introduces a citywide coordinating program, Boston Main Streets. Finally, it analyzes the revitalization of Washington Street in South End, Boston, one of the places where Main Street Program has been implemented. The street has been transformed from a vacant and deteriorated commercial street into a more vital, pedestrian oriented, mixed use place in a decade. This study aims to analyze the case from three different points. First, the success of the program is evaluated within the above framework. Second, the effectiveness of the program is examined through an outcome analysis. Finally, the organizational performance of the Main Street organization is analyzed.
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潘亮 and Liang Pan. "Urban street as public space: alternative design of large residential areas to encompass new urban streets casestudies related to Shenzhen, PRC." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980478.
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Attig, Stefan. "The Organic Pattern of Space: : A Space Syntax Analysis of Natural Streets and Street Segments for Measuring Crime and Traffic Accidents." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264938.
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The natural streets model is a research prototype that has been shown to perform better than the conventional GIS-based streets segments for explaining traffic flow and human movement. However, given its experimental status, a gap in the literature was identified. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to contribute to the literature by investigating the wider applications of natural streets and observe whether a city’s spatial configuration (or structure) is related to outcomes of human behaviour and activity. In this case, the two previously unstudied outcomes were chosen: crime and traffic accidents. Taking an exploratory approach, Stockholm was chosen as the case study. Using the space syntax methodology, the street segments and natural streets connectivity was used to analyse whether accessibility or ‘potential through movement’ is associated with crime and traffic accidents. Two study areas were generated: a primary study area consisting of six nested zones and a secondary study area with hot spots and cold spots for events of crime and traffic accidents. To observe the statistical association between connectivity and events of crime and traffic accidents for natural streets and street segments, a classical regression model was used. The regression analysis showed that natural streets perform significantly better than street segments as they are better able to explain events of crime and traffic accidents. However, more so for traffic accidents. Most importantly, the topological structure or scaling characteristics of natural streets served as a better indicator for measuring human phenomena. The implication of this is that it could potentially be used to further the understanding of human activities in the context of the urban environment.
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Rivas, Plaza Veronica. "Norrtullsgatan living street : A public life investigation and design proposal." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296220.
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‘Norrtullsgatan Living Street’ is a public life investigation and design proposal to increase accessibility and attractiveness for people along Norrtullsgatan in Vasastaden, Stockholm. It is a response to the Levande Stockholm Programme, an urban place-making strategy to test potential pedestrian streets by restricting traffic and introducing pop-up furniture during the summer and winter months to create pedestrian-friendly environments. Vasastaden is located North of the city center with the major public transport hub of Odenplan and a significant number of people walking along its narrow sidewalks towards Drottninggatan. This area is an important pedestrian zone that connects the city center to other parts of Stockholm with great potential to activate already existing public spaces and create a network of livable streets. This thesis aims to investigate possible long-term strategies based on public life studies, a comprehensive street analysis, and urban place-making interventions that focus on pedestrians, cyclists, and the experience at the street level to create a ‘living street’. This project wants to strengthen and highlight the benefits of walking not only as a choice of mobility but also as a social, economic, and well-being outcome for the city. Moreover, it instigates further the concept of what makes a walkable city. People want to feel comfortable and safe during their walk but they also want to have a pleasurable experience. Urban design qualities, by all means, influence those choices. By following the evaluation of the temporary design during the summer and winter streets, this project re-assess those strategies to proposed permanent design to promote inclusive public spaces. As a result, this thesis emphasizes the importance of design strategies that are well-integrated into a community by taking into consideration site-specific conditions and users. At the same time, it hopes to contribute with input to the already tested pedestrian zones to become meeting places with rich content, high urban qualities, and a strong identity.
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Pissardo, Felipe Melo. "A rua apropriada: um estudo sobre as transformações e usos urbanos na Rua Augusta (São Paulo, 1891-2012)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16136/tde-12082013-101209/.
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Este trabalho examina as transformações e usos urbanos na 6 7 Rua Augusta, em São Paulo, entre 1891 e 2012. Percebe-se que ao longo deste período a Rua Augusta, sobretudo na vertente que a comunica ao centro histórico da cidade, teve grande importância social e urbana, polarizando e respondendo a processos de urbanização que a cidade de São Paulo como um todo enfrentava. Seu papel e suas características, no entanto, variaram historicamente de acordo com as diferentes formas de apropriação por parte dos mais variados grupos sociais. A rua não só foi apropriada física e funcionalmente por esses grupos, mas também simbolicamente, tornando-se ao mesmo tempo um espaço e um emblema de determinados interesses econômicos, usos sociais e culturais, modos de consumo, identidades coletivas e estilos de vida nos distintos momentos estudados. A apropriação da rua por atividades de lazer é um aspecto privilegiado na dissertação, sobretudo em função do estabelecimento recente de uma importante mancha de vida noturna juvenil na cidade, que, desde a década de 1990, e sobretudo os anos 2000, vem catalizando um ciclo bastante representativo de investimentos, atividades, dinâmicas e significados.this thesis examines the transformations and urban ocupations 8 9 of Augusta Street between 1891 and 2012. It is noticed that throughout this period of time, Augusta Street has had great social and urban relevance, polarizing and responding to processes of urbanization that the city of Sao Paulo was facing as whole, but especially regarding it\'s historic center. the street\'s role and characteristics however varied historically according to the diff erent forms of apropriation from diff erent social groups. the street was not only apropriated physically and functionally by these groups, but also symbolically, becoming at the same time a space and an emblem of determined economical interests, social and cultural uses, ways of consumption, colective identities and life styles, during diff erent moments covered in this study. the apropriation of this street by leisure activities is one aspect privileged in this work, especially because of a recent establishment of a young nocturnal life in the area, that since the 90\'s and more consistenly in the 2000\'s has been catalizing a cicle that is very representative of investments, activities, dinamics and meanings. this work has newspaper copies as the main research source, from which a line of thought was constructed, allowing a better understanding of this apropriation and the opinions about Augusta Street and to relate it to bigger social and urban issues.
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Pan, Liang. "Urban street as public space : alternative design of large residential areas to encompass new urban streets case studies related to Shenzhen, PRC /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25799332.
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Hughes, Sabrina Lynn. "Empty Streets in the Capital of Modernity: Formation of Lieux de Mémoire in Parisian Street Photography From Daguerre to Atget." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1662.
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This study proposes the existence of lieux de mémoire in the photographs of Eugene Atget (1857-1927). My framework is based on historian Pierre Nora's definition: a lieu de mémoire is an object or idea which has become a symbolic stand-in for a community's memorial heritage. I suggest that Atget's photographs of the streets of old Paris, in concert with an empty-street aesthetic function as lieux de mémoire for their primary audience, antiquarians and professional archivists who specialized in old Paris.
According to Nora's structure, identification of a lieu de mémoire requires first the establishment of a historical tradition. In the first chapter, I characterize a particular mode of photography, what I term a preservation aesthetic. I examine photographs by Louis J.M. Daguerre, Édouard Baldus, Henri Le Secq, and Charles Marville, all produced between 1839 and 1868. I propose interpretations of and reasons for photographs showing vacant Parisian streets, even after technological advancement allowed for representation by other means.
My second chapter is concerned with a disruption of the established tradition, Nora's second requirement for lieu de mémoire. The focus of this chapter is twofold: since I propose that it is the preservation aesthetic partnered with the subject matter of old Paris that forms a lieu de mémoire, considering alterations in both perception of the old city and in photographic practice are necessary. First, I discuss the nostalgic views of old Paris that manifested while Baron Haussmann was remaking Paris between 1853 and 1870. The latter half of the chapter is devoted to the events of 1870-71, the Prussian siege of Paris and the Paris Commune. I argue that barricade photographs from the Commune represent a significant change in photographic practice defined by working-class individuals who made up the Commune.
Finally, I examine Atget's practice and work in context of both a medieval historicist revival in the early Third Republic of France and of a popular belief that architecture could be a literal and metaphoric container for nationalist memories. I conclude with a reconsideration of Atget's preservationist and modernist audiences to support my thesis that his photographs are lieux de mémoire.
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Streit, Thilo [Verfasser]. "Entscheidung in eigener Sache. / Thilo Streit." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1238354149/34.
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Haack, Julia. "Der vergällte Alltag : zur Streitkultur im 18. Jahrhundert." Köln [u.a] Böhlau, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3051839&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
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Lee, Mei-yan Jacqueline, and 李美茵. "A folk art street in Pottinger Street." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31985890.
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Lee, Mei-yan Jacqueline. "A folk art street in Pottinger Street." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25953229.
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Tzemos, Fay Rekos. "Livable Streets: Revisited." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392043955.
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Haack, Julia. "Der vergällte Alltag zur Streitkultur im 18. Jahrhundert." Köln Weimar Wien Böhlau, 2006. http://d-nb.info/986990299/04.
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Karlsson, Linnea. "Leaving street life : How can centres assist street children in leaving the street life?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-254940.
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This is qualitative study about Kenyan street children. The aim of this study is to get a better understanding of the pull and push factors towards the street and towards rehabilitation centres. The question formulation is; How can rehabilitation centres assist street children in leaving the street life? 25 former street children have been interviewed in a combination of focus group and individual interviews. The theoretical framework that is used for the analysis is elucidation the perspective of childhood, the street child and the street, theories about socialisation and stigma. The result shows: Pull factors exist in both directions. The pull factors towards the street are freedom, friends in the streets and drug addictions. The pull factors towards the centre are access to education, a chance to be treated like full human beings and to be able to get a better future. The street children are active social agents who have to have a desire to leave the street, it is not possible to force them off the streets. What is offered in the centre has to be viewed as better than what they have in the streets. One way for the centres to help the street children to get the desire to leave the streets is by helping them to focus on their future. The centre can also help the street child to make the transformation to the centre easier. The most important aspects is to offer drug rehabilitation programs and make the re-socialization process easier by acknowledge the positive things the street children have learned in the street and to treat them as active social agents.
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Lehmann, Reinhard G. "Friedrich Delitzsch und der Babel-Bibel-Streit /." Freiburg : Göttingen : Schweiz : Universitätsverlag ; Vandenhoek & Ruprecht, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35702231k.
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Simboli, Timothy T. (Timothy Tighe) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Street survival training: assessing the street smarts program." Ottawa, 1995.
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Dumbaugh, Eric. "Safe Streets, Livable Streets: A Positive Approach to Urban Roadside Design." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-08052005-134758/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.Michael Meyer, Committee Chair ; Adjo Amekudzi, Committee Member ; Randall Guensler, Committee Member ; David Sawicki, Committee Member ; Michael Dobbins, Committee Member. Includes bibliographical references.
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Streitz, Werner [Verfasser]. "Bewertungen bei Unternehmensübernahmen: Analyse und Umsetzung / Werner Streitz." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1084535890/34.
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August, Edwards. "Food street." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148599.
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Kleinschmidt, Frank. "Street tactics." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28255.
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Spatial inequality is the development of public space that selects and benefits certain constituencies over others, with direct effects on how space is used, and by whom. Over time it can contribute to social and political conflict and unrest. In Cape Town, spatial inequality originated largely through apartheid-era strategic planning. Then, as in contemporary Cape Town, this planning typically focused on large-scale infrastructure projects, requiring massive amounts of capital, and was tasked with economic generation in areas that were already yielding returns. Thomas Piketty's definition of inequality as an economic system that favours capital growth over economic growth demonstrates how spatial inequality is essentially the development of spatial capital in areas that already see spatial growth and improvement. Enter tactical urbanism. Mike Lydon, one of its proponents, defines it as a "deliberate, phased approach to instigating change", where local, short-term solutions are found that manage expectations & risk while building social capital. This approach is commonly referred to as "bottom-up", differing from the "top-down" strategic approach of most private and public institutions. Tactical urbanism has the potential to solve spatial inequality by offering a low capital intervention that operates on a small scale with maximum public participation and limited bureaucratic interference. This paper concludes with a discussion on how intervention may exist within Cape Town, specifically in the areas of Woodstock and Salt River. By considering tactical urbanism along with informality, the common characteristics of these two can be utilised to encourage further initiatives, especially ones that accommodate adjacency and counter-gentrification movements.
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Taylor, Frances Jessica. "The role of open streets Cape Town street events in shaping everyday mobility in Salt River and Observatory : towards bridging mobile, spatial and social divide." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19988.
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This study interrogates the role of Open Streets Cape Town's day-long street events in disrupting complex systems and hierarchies of everyday street mobility that maintain the mobile, spatial and social divides of Cape Town. The test was whether OSCT events 1) bridged the mobile divide by replacing car-dominated streets with people-centred public space; 2) bridged the spatial divide by bringing fluidity to the mobility of people between usually isolated public spaces; and 3) bridged the social divide by replacing practices of avoidance and exclusion with an everyday cosmopolitan sensibility. The investigation used mobile methodologies and an embedded approach. OSCT proved to be successful at bridging the mobile divide by creating a shared public space, but had mixed success with bridging spatial and social divides. A greater sensitivity to how existing social and spatial divides can be reproduced during events would improve this. Sager's (2006) freedom of mobility framework was reworked and proved to be useful in monitoring individuals situated differently in the shifting complex of power, identity and everyday life across a changing motilities landscape. The underlying mobility framework revealed a need for developing better street navigation skills to create robust and equitable freedom of mobility for street users, necessary for independence from mediators such as cars, private street security and prejudice ideas about people and places that perpetuate division. OSCT events are useful in opening up people's eyes to what could be, but the value is diminished if there are no ongoing interventions sustaining this new understanding. Interventions that tackle the everyday systems supporting the divisions are needed to supplement the interventions of OSCT events. This will add substance between events and enhance the value of the events themselves.
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Kott, Joseph. "Streets of clay : design and assessment of sustainable urban and suburban streets." Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/854.
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Since automobile use became widespread in North America, Europe, and Australia during the first two decades of the 20th century, cities and their streets have been reshaped to adapt to the motor vehicle surge. Efforts are now underway to re-define the purpose of arterial streets and to re-design these important thoroughfares accordingly. This movement has taken a variety of names, including “Livable Streets”, “Context Sensitive Streets” and “Complete Streets”. Such streets are multimodal transport links as well as places for socio-economic life and active living.This thesis presents findings from research on assessing just how “active” and “sustainable” are a set of arterial streets in five San Francisco Bay Area cities. Six streets, two re-designed as more “livable” or more “context sensitive” streets, and four more conventional arterial streets, are compared across a set of objective performance metrics and subjective assessments from street users and businesses. The analysis was grounded in a mixed methods approach. Streets were evaluated on an array of quantitative measures, as well as the results of six street user focus groups and surveys of 716 street users and local businesses.An important outcome of the research is a framework or model for influences on and supports for street activity and sustainability. Thesis findings affirm the importance to communities of multi-purpose street environments. Thesis results show that arterial streets can be redesigned to engender activity and promote sustainability. This research confirmed the importance of providing space on arterial streets for pedestrians, cyclists, and transit users. This thesis represents a significant extension of the knowledge in the field of what constitutes a more sustainable arterial street environment. The assessment framework integrates a far wider range of research disciplines and concerns than previously evidenced in the literature. As such it may provide policymakers with a better understanding and basis on which to pursue further arterial street re-designs in similar contexts to those of the six streets I studied in this research.
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Bulthuis, Kyle Timothy. "Four steeples over the city streets Trinity Episcopal, St. Philip's Episcopal, John Street Methodist, and African Methodist Episcopal Zion churches in New York City, 1760-1840 /." 24-page ProQuest preview, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1417804641&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=14&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1220029856&clientId=10355.
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江婉芬 and Yuen-fan Bonnie Kong. "Museum Street, street Museum-[Museum] of Sheung Wan Heritage Trail." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986511.
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