Academic literature on the topic 'Stream habitat restoration'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Stream habitat restoration.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Stream habitat restoration"
1
Diebel, Matthew W., Jeffrey T. Maxted, Olaf P. Jensen, and M. Jake Vander Zanden. "A spatial autocorrelative model for targeting stream restoration to benefit sensitive nongame fishes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 1 (January 2010): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-156.
Full textAbstract:
Stream restoration projects often aim to benefit aquatic biota and frequently use the reappearance of sensitive nongame fish species as a measure of restoration success. However, mitigation of human influence will only benefit a given species where static habitat characteristics are suitable for that species and where potential source populations are within the range of their dispersal capability. We used spatial autoregressive habitat models to simulate the effect of watershed-scale stream restoration on the distributions of six sediment-sensitive fish species in Wisconsin, USA, streams. These models consider the probability of occurrence of a species in a given stream segment as a function of characteristics of that segment as well as the characteristics of neighboring segments. Populations of individual species are predicted to be restorable in 0.2%–2.8% of Wisconsin streams. Streams with high restoration potential for one or more species generally have high watershed human land use but are also closely connected through the stream network to relatively undisturbed streams. These results indicate that habitat restoration for nongame stream fishes will be most effective when it builds onto existing suitable habitat because of both dispersal limitation and spatial autocorrelation of habitat characteristics.
2
Choi, Byungwoong, and Seung Se Choi. "Integrated Hydraulic Modelling, Water Quality Modelling and Habitat Assessment for Sustainable Water Management: A Case Study of the Anyang-Cheon Stream, Korea." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 4330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084330.
Full textAbstract:
Recent ecological stream restoration projects have focused on expanding the water-friendly space of streams, promoting the health of aquatic ecosystems, and restoring various habitats, which raise the need for relevant research. Applying integrated environmental analysis, this study quantifies the change in hydraulic characteristics before and after the restoration projects through physical habitat simulation and links the results of physical impacts to estimate benefits of increase in water quality and aquatic ecosystem health due to the implementation of the project. For this, the study area is a 3.3 km long reach of the Anyang-cheon Stream, Korea. Field monitoring revealed that five fish species are dominant and sub-dominant, and account for 76% of the total fish community. To assess the change of before and after ecological stream restoration project, the River2D and Coastal Modelling System (CMS)-Flow 2D models were used for hydraulic and water quality simulations, respectively. For the habitat simulation, the HSI (Habitat Suitability Index) model was used. In addition, the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) was used to calculate changes in water quality index and to examine changes in habitat areas with an integrated quantitative index, the methodology of Zingraff-Hamed et al. was adopted. It was found that the ecological stream restoration project significantly increased for the eco-friendly area. In addition, the changes in water quality and habitat suitability grades before the ecological river restoration project were improved to two stages and one stage, respectively. This study applied the integrated analytical framework as a policy/project assessment tool and the results of this study will be useful for the integrated water management policy.
3
Boromisza, Zsombor, Zsuzsanna Illyés, Attila Gergely, Szilvia Mészáros, and Zsófia Monspart-Molnár. "Evaluation of the possibilities for stream restoration: preassessment of the Váli-stream (Hungary)." Landscape & Environment 10, no. 1 (May 7, 2016): 26–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21120/le/10/1/3.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of restoration of a stream section. The starting point of the multiple-step assessment process was a historical analysis, which resulted in the definition of different sections within the study area, providing a base for the further restoration goals. The assessment of the current conditions was elaborated particularly to determine those factors, which could limit restoration. These assessments cover the land use pattern, furthermore the analysis of vegetation and habitat patches. As a result of the historical analysis, it has been found that the stream side habitat patches have decreased significantly despite the constant space available. This change was not caused by the increased area of the settlement, but rather by the higher dominancy of arable forms of land use. The greatest share of wet and mesic meadows and agricultural habitats in the study areas, covering 57.5% of the total area, indicates significant anthropogenic effects. Consequently it can be stated that the reference conditions are not the only determining factors of the restoration possibilities. Restoration style and intensity have been defined on basis of all assessed factors.
4
Bond, Morgan H., Tyler G. Nodine, Tim J. Beechie, and Richard W. Zabel. "Estimating the benefits of widespread floodplain reconnection for Columbia River Chinook salmon." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 7 (July 2019): 1212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0108.
Full textAbstract:
In the Pacific Northwest, widespread stream channel simplification has led to a loss of habitat area and diversity for rearing salmon. Subsequent efforts throughout the Columbia River basin (CRB) have attempted to restore habitats altered through land development to recover imperiled salmon populations. However, there is scant evidence for demographic change in salmon populations following restoration. We used a process-based approach to estimate the potential benefit of floodplain reconnection throughout the CRB to Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) parr. Using satellite imagery, we measured stream habitats at 2093 CRB stream reaches to construct random forest models of habitat based on geomorphic and regional characteristics. Connected floodplain width was the most important factor for determining side channel presence. We estimated a current CRB-wide decrease in side channel habitat area of 26% from historical conditions. Reconnection of historical floodplains currently used for agriculture could increase side channel habitat by 25% and spring Chinook salmon parr total rearing capacity by 9% over current estimates. Individual watersheds vary greatly in habitat factors that limit salmon recovery, and large-scale estimates of restoration potential like these are needed to make decisions about long-term restoration goals among imperiled populations.
5
Hasselquist, Eliza, Lina Polvi, Maria Kahlert, Christer Nilsson, Lisa Sandberg, and Brendan McKie. "Contrasting Responses among Aquatic Organism Groups to Changes in Geomorphic Complexity Along a Gradient of Stream Habitat Restoration: Implications for Restoration Planning and Assessment." Water 10, no. 10 (October 17, 2018): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101465.
Full textAbstract:
Many stream restoration projects aim to increase geomorphic complexity, assuming that this increases habitat heterogeneity and, thus, biodiversity. However, empirical data supporting these linkages remain scant. Previous assessments of stream restoration suffer from incomplete quantification of habitat complexity, or a narrow focus on only one organism group and/or one restoration measure, limiting learning. Based on a comprehensive quantification of geomorphic complexity in 20 stream reaches in northern Sweden, ranging from streams channelized for timber floating to restored and reference reaches, we investigated responses of macroinvertebrates, diatoms, and macrophytes to multiple geomorphic metrics. Sediment size heterogeneity, which was generally improved in restored sites, favored macroinvertebrate and diatom diversity and macroinvertebrate abundance. In contrast, macrophyte diversity responded to increased variation along the longitudinal stream profile (e.g., step-pools), which was not consistently improved by the restoration. Our analyses highlight the value of learning across multiple restoration projects, both in identifying which aspects of restoration have succeeded, and pinpointing other measures that might be targeted during adaptive management or future restoration. Given our results, a combination of restoration measures targeting not only sediment size heterogeneity, but also features such as step-pools and instream wood, is most likely to benefit benthic biota in streams.
6
Rubin, Zan, G. Kondolf, and Blanca Rios-Touma. "Evaluating Stream Restoration Projects: What Do We Learn from Monitoring?" Water 9, no. 3 (February 28, 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w9030174.
Full textAbstract:
Two decades since calls for stream restoration projects to be scientifically assessed, most projects are still unevaluated, and conducted evaluations yield ambiguous results. Even after these decades of investigation, do we know how to define and measure success? We systematically reviewed 26 studies of stream restoration projects that used macroinvertebrate indicators to assess the success of habitat heterogeneity restoration projects. All 26 studies were previously included in two meta-analyses that sought to assess whether restoration programs were succeeding. By contrast, our review focuses on the evaluations themselves, and asks what exactly we are measuring and learning from these evaluations. All 26 studies used taxonomic diversity, richness, or abundance of invertebrates as biological measures of success, but none presented explicit arguments why those metrics were relevant measures of success for the restoration projects. Although changes in biodiversity may reflect overall ecological condition at the regional or global scale, in the context of reach-scale habitat restoration, more abundance and diversity may not necessarily be better. While all 26 studies sought to evaluate the biotic response to habitat heterogeneity enhancement projects, about half of the studies (46%) explicitly measured habitat alteration, and 31% used visual estimates of grain size or subjectively judged ‘habitat quality’ from protocols ill-suited for the purpose. Although the goal of all 26 projects was to increase habitat heterogeneity, 31% of the studies either sampled only riffles or did not specify the habitats sampled. One-third of the studies (35%) used reference ecosystems to define target conditions. After 20 years of stream restoration evaluation, more work remains for the restoration community to identify appropriate measures of success and to coordinate monitoring so that evaluations are at a scale capable of detecting ecosystem change.
7
Arkle, Robert S., and David S. Pilliod. "Stream Restoration Is Influenced by Details of Engineered Habitats at a Headwater Mine Site." Diversity 13, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13020048.
Full textAbstract:
A lack of information regarding which ecological factors influence restoration success or failure has hindered scientifically based restoration decision-making. We focus on one headwater site to examine factors influencing divergent ecological outcomes of two post-mining stream restoration projects designed to improve instream conditions following 70 years of mining impacts. One project was designed to simulate natural stream conditions by creating a morphologically complex channel with high habitat heterogeneity (HH-reach). A second project was designed to reduce contaminants and sediment using a sand filter along a straight, armored channel, which resulted in different habitat characteristics and comparatively low habitat heterogeneity (LH-reach). Within 2 years of completion, stream habitat parameters and community composition within the HH-reach were similar to those of reference reaches. In contrast, habitat and community composition within the LH-reach differed substantially from reference reaches, even 7–8 years after project completion. We found that an interaction between low gradient and high light availability, created by the LH-reach design, facilitated a Chironomid-Nostoc mutualism. These symbionts dominated the epilithic surface of rocks and there was little habitat for tailed frog larvae, bioavailable macroinvertebrates, and fish. After controlling for habitat quantity, potential colonizing species’ traits, and biogeographic factors, we found that habitat characteristics combined to facilitate different ecological outcomes, whereas time since treatment implementation was less influential. We demonstrate that stream communities can respond quickly to restoration of physical characteristics and increased heterogeneity, but “details matter” because interactions between the habitats we create and between the species that occupy them can be complex, unpredictable, and can influence restoration effectiveness.
8
Ebersole, Joseph L., William J. Liss, and Christopher A. Frissell. "Thermal heterogeneity, stream channel morphology, and salmonid abundance in northeastern Oregon streams." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60, no. 10 (October 1, 2003): 1266–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-107.
Full textAbstract:
Heterogeneity in stream water temperatures created by local influx of cooler subsurface waters into geomorphically complex stream channels was associated with increased abundance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in northeastern Oregon. The addition of cold water patch frequency and area as explanatory variables in salmonid habitat models indicated that doubling of cold water patch frequency was associated with increases in rainbow trout and chinook salmon abundances of 31% and 59%, respectively. Doubling of cold water patch area was associated with changes of 10% in rainbow trout abundance but was not associated with chinook abundance after accounting for other habitat factors. The physiognomy, distribution, and connectivity of cold water patches, important attributes determining the effectiveness of these habitats as thermal refuges for stream fishes, were associated with channel bedform and riparian features. Monitoring of thermal heterogeneity and salmonid populations in response to ongoing habitat restoration efforts will provide additional insights into causal relationships among these factors.
9
Bond, N. R., and P. S. Lake. "Local habitat restoration in streams: Constraints on the effectiveness of restoration for stream biota." Ecological Management and Restoration 4, no. 3 (December 2003): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-8903.2003.00156.x.
Full text
10
Slaney, P. A., and A. D. Martin. "The Watershed Restoration Program of British Columbia: Accelerating Natural Recovery Processes." Water Quality Research Journal 32, no. 2 (May 1, 1997): 325–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1997.022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Until recently, in British Columbia, there was no mechanism to ensure the rehabilitation of resource values adversely impacted by logging-induced landslides, erosion from logging roads, and harvesting of mature riparian trees to the stream-bank. In 1994, the Watershed Restoration Program was initiated under the province’s Forest Renewal Plan to provide an opportunity for diverse stakeholder partnerships to accelerate the recovery of watersheds impacted by logging practices of the past. Several decades of research on watershed processes, limitations to salmonid production in streams and rehabilitation techniques, combined with provincial training initiatives, provide the technical basis for application of a set of integrated restorative measures linked to the new Forest Practices Code. As first priority, the conditions of roads, slopes, gullies, riparian areas, stream channels and fish habitat are assessed. Roads are storm proofed by either reestablishing natural drainage patterns or by deactivation. Hillslope scars are revege-tated with grasses, shrubs and trees to control erosion, thus increasing fish stock productivity, while also improving water quality, forest regeneration and biodiversity. Riparian silvicultural treatments eventually (one to two centuries) restore recruitment of large coniferous woody debris to stream channels and restabilize streambanks. Large wood, boulder clusters and other structural elements that emulate nature are installed in stable stream channels to restore summer habitat and critical overwintering refuges in streams, thus rehabilitating and maintaining fish habitat until logged riparian areas naturally supply mature windfalls. Restoring of fish access and replenishing of nutrients for the food chain are also provided where assessed as beneficial to the functional recovery process. Rehabilitation of off-channel fish habitat, including creation of channel-pond complexes, is one of the primary techniques to offset habitat degradation in hydrologically unstable or non-functional stream channels within logged flood-plains. The program provides an opportunity for innovation and evaluation, as well as a challenge to cost-effectively implement rehabilitation on a sufficient scale to accelerate the recovery of watershed processes to the benefit of fisheries, aquatic and forest resource values in British Columbia’s forested watersheds.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stream habitat restoration"
1
Cook, Benjmain O. "Lower Scotts Creek Floodplain and Habitat Enhancement Project." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1647.
Full textAbstract:
Scotts Creek, located in northern Santa Cruz County, maintains the southernmost persistent population of Central California Coast (CCC) Coho Salmon (endangered) in addition to CCC steelhead (threatened). Fisheries biologists believe overwinter mortality due to lack of refuge habitat is the primary factor limiting salmonid production. Instream rearing habitat may also be limiting, especially during drought years. The legacy effects of historic land use practices, including dredging, wood removal, and the construction of levees, continued to limit refuge and rearing opportunities. A restoration project was implemented to improve refuge and rearing opportunities for salmonids along lower Scotts Creek by removing portions of the deteriorating levee, grading new connections with existing off-channel features, enhancing tributary confluences, constructing alcove habitat features at the margins of the stream channel, and constructing large wood complexes (LWCs) instream.
Novel restoration techniques were employed on an experimental basis. Whole in-situ alder trees were pushed into the stream channel with their root systems left partially intact to establish living key pieces. Individual log, boulder, and rootwad LWC components were attached together with couplers that permitted some freedom of independent movement among the individual components. LWCs were braced against live, standing trees and stabilized with boulder ballasts placed on the streambed, which eliminated excavation of the streambed/banks and the need to dewater or divert the stream during construction.
Project performance, changes to physical habitat characteristics, and changes to stream morphology associated with implementation were monitored using habitat assessment methods derived from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (CDFW) salmonid habitat survey protocol (Flosi et al. 2010), and topographic survey techniques and data analysis adapted from Columbia Habitat Monitoring Protocol (Bouwes et al. 2011). Preliminary results indicated that LWCs remained stable and functional. In addition, implementation of the restoration project increased pool frequency, low-flow pool volume, instream cover, frequency of instream, alcove, and off-channel refuge habitat features, and frequency of points of connectivity with the floodplain. Long-term monitoring will be required to determine the survivorship, decay rates, and overall persistence of alder recruits.
2
MacDonald, Kit. "CASE STUDIES IN STREAM AND WATERSHED RESTORATION (URBAN, AGRICULTURAL, FOREST AND FISH HABITAT IMPROVEMENT)." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621701.
Full textAbstract:
Stream and watershed restoration projects have become increasingly common throughout the U.S., and the need for systematic post-project monitoring and assessment is apparent. This study describes three stream and watershed ecological restoration projects and the monitoring and evaluation methods employed or planned to evaluate project successes or failures. The stream and watershed restoration and evaluation methods described in this paper may be applicable to projects of similar types and scales. Rivers and streams serve a variety of purposes, including water supply, wildlife habitat, energy generation, transportation and recreational opportunities. Streams are dynamic, complex systems that not only include the active channel, but also adjacent floodplains and riparian vegetation along their margins. A natural stream system remains stable while transporting varying amounts of streamflow and sediment produced in its watershed, maintaining a state of “dynamic equilibrium.” (Strahler 1957, Hack 1960). When in-stream flow, floodplain morphology, sediment characteristics, or riparian vegetation are altered, this can affect the dynamic equilibrium that exists among these stream features, causing unstable stream and floodplain conditions. This can cause the stream to adjust to a new equilibrium state. This shift may occur over a long time and result in significant changes to water quality and stream habitat. Land-use changes in a watershed, stream channelization, installation of culverts, removal or alteration of streambank vegetation, water impoundments and other activities can dramatically alter ecological balance. As a result, large adjustments in channel morphology, such as excessive bank erosion and/or channel incision, can occur. A new equilibrium may eventually be reached, but not before the associated aquatic and terrestrial environment are severely impaired. Stream restoration is the re-establishment of the general structure, function and self-sustaining characteristics of stream systems that existed prior to disturbance (Doll et al. 2003). It is a holistic approach that requires an understanding of all physical and biological processes in the stream system and its watershed. Restoration can include a broad range of activities, such as the removal or discontinuation of watershed disturbances that are contributing to stream instability; installation of control structures; planting of riparian vegetation to improve streambank stability and provide habitat; and the redesign
of unstable or degraded streams into properly functioning channels and associated floodplains. Kauffman et al. (1997) define ecological restoration as the reestablishment of physical, chemical and biological processes and associated linkages which have been damaged by human actions.
3
Cook, Benjamin Douglas, and n/a. "An Analysis of Population Connectivity in Lotic Fauna: Constraints of Subdivision for Biotic Responses to Stream Habitat Restoration." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2007. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070718.115649.
Full textAbstract:
Connectivity in ecological systems is a broad concept that embodies the transmission of ecosystem components throughout landscapes at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Of relevance to the present study are the connections (or lack thereof) among local populations of stream fauna - population connectivity in lotic systems. Dispersal, recolonisation and migration are the demographic forms of population connectivity, and gene flow is the genetic aspect of population connectivity. Both forms of population connectivity have underpinned some of the classic theories and hypotheses in stream ecology, and have implications for pure and applied stream ecology, including ecosystem restoration. Conceptual models in ecology can facilitate understanding and predictability of the ecosystem processes they represent, and have potential applicability as management tools or 'rules of thumb' in conservation and restoration programs. Various theoretical models describe potential patterns of connectivity among local populations and in this thesis these models were used to evaluate population connectivity in a freshwater fish (southern pygmy perch, Nannoperca australis) and two reproductively isolated genetic lineages of freshwater shrimp (Paratya spp.) in small, geomorphically degraded streams in south eastern Australia. These streams (the Granite Creeks) have been the focus of a recent habitat restoration trial and several studies have examined fish and macroinvertebrate community responses to the experiment. It was the purpose of this study to contribute information about population connectivity in the selected species to complement these community ecology studies. Population connectivity was examined in these species using molecular data (mitochondrial and nuclear genetic data) and natural abundance isotopic signatures of nitrogen and carbon. At the landscape scale, results showed that populations of N. australis and the P. australiensis lineages were isolated among the streams and among sites within streams, and that there was no consistent pattern of isolation-by-distance in genetic data for any species. Thus, classic models of population connectivity, such as the Island Model and Stepping-Stone Model, were not supported by this study. Results indicated that population models that incorporated more complex aspects of stream structure may be more appropriate than these classic models for approximating observed patterns of population connectivity in lotic systems. The Stream Hierarchy Model (SHM) predicts that the hierarchical aspect of stream structure (i.e. stream confluences) have a dominant role in shaping patterns of population connectivity in lotic fauna, whereby populations among streams are more isolated than those within them. Although stream confluences were found to have an important role in population subdivision for the species examined in this study, the expectations of the SHM were met for only N. australis. For the P. australiensis lineages, the influence of topography (i.e. the longitudinal aspect of stream structure) was just as important as stream confluences in isolating local populations. Large-scale determinants of population isolation were thus found to be associated with both the hierarchical and longitudinal aspects of stream structure, and were not well represented by any single theoretical model of population connectivity. At within-stream scales, upland populations tended to be extremely isolated from other populations and had temporally stable genetic signatures. In contrast, lowland populations were connected to other lowland populations within the same stream to a greater degree, although the connections were patchy and a slight signature of temporal instability in the genetic data was evident for one of the P. australiensis lineages. Thus, metapopulation or patchy population models were found to represent connections among lowland populations within the same stream, although they were not appropriate for describing connectivity among upland populations. This finding highlights the importance of the longitudinal aspect of stream structure in shaping ecological patterns in lotic systems, and demonstrates that local patterns of population connectivity can vary over relatively small spatial scales. Overall, the results illustrate that both hierarchical and longitudinal aspects of stream structure can have important roles in isolating populations of stream fauna. They therefore also represent constraints for the ability of aquatic fauna to colonise restored habitat in streams. The corollary of this, however, is that such isolated populations of stream fauna represent appropriate population units at which to target habitat restoration. The hierarchical and longitudinal aspects of stream structure may thus represent 'rules of thumb' or 'landscape filters' that stream restoration ecologists could use to predict likely isolated populations of lotic fauna across the landscape. Such a 'rule of thumb' might be the inclusion of multiple isolated population units in restoration programs, as this strategy is likely to generate the greatest biological response to the restoration at the landscape scale, particularly with respect to intra-specific genetic diversity captured by restoration. At small spatial scales, such as for a single stream or tributary, the longitudinal aspect of stream structure can be an important factor to consider when designing stream habitat restoration programs. In this study, lowland sites were unstable and there were patchy connections among local lowland populations within the same stream, whereas upland populations were isolated at this scale. In contrast, other studies have found that upstream populations of some species can be connected in a patchy fashion in other systems. For such unstable sections of stream, where there are patchy patterns of local population connectivity, the inclusion of multiple restored patches, especially refugial habitat, is likely to produce the greatest biotic response at the patch scale, particularly with respect to demographic responses (such as local colonisation). Multiple restored refugial patches will enable species to persist throughout the stream section during adverse environmental conditions, will allow for variation in local movement patterns and distances between species and between years with contrasting environment conditions (e.g. stream flow), and may harbour different species assemblages and intraspecific genotypes due to stochastic processes (i.e. have functional heterogeneity). The hierarchical and longitudinal aspects of stream structure are thus important determinants of population connectivity at both large and small spatial scales, and have implications for how stream biota will respond to restoration at patch and landscape scales.
4
Cook, Benjamin Douglas. "An Analysis of Population Connectivity in Lotic Fauna: Constraints of Subdivision for Biotic Responses to Stream Habitat Restoration." Thesis, Griffith University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365959.
Full textAbstract:
Connectivity in ecological systems is a broad concept that embodies the transmission of ecosystem components throughout landscapes at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Of relevance to the present study are the connections (or lack thereof) among local populations of stream fauna - population connectivity in lotic systems. Dispersal, recolonisation and migration are the demographic forms of population connectivity, and gene flow is the genetic aspect of population connectivity. Both forms of population connectivity have underpinned some of the classic theories and hypotheses in stream ecology, and have implications for pure and applied stream ecology, including ecosystem restoration. Conceptual models in ecology can facilitate understanding and predictability of the ecosystem processes they represent, and have potential applicability as management tools or 'rules of thumb' in conservation and restoration programs. Various theoretical models describe potential patterns of connectivity among local populations and in this thesis these models were used to evaluate population connectivity in a freshwater fish (southern pygmy perch, Nannoperca australis) and two reproductively isolated genetic lineages of freshwater shrimp (Paratya spp.) in small, geomorphically degraded streams in south eastern Australia. These streams (the Granite Creeks) have been the focus of a recent habitat restoration trial and several studies have examined fish and macroinvertebrate community responses to the experiment. It was the purpose of this study to contribute information about population connectivity in the selected species to complement these community ecology studies. Population connectivity was examined in these species using molecular data (mitochondrial and nuclear genetic data) and natural abundance isotopic signatures of nitrogen and carbon. At the landscape scale, results showed that populations of N. australis and the P. australiensis lineages were isolated among the streams and among sites within streams, and that there was no consistent pattern of isolation-by-distance in genetic data for any species. Thus, classic models of population connectivity, such as the Island Model and Stepping-Stone Model, were not supported by this study. Results indicated that population models that incorporated more complex aspects of stream structure may be more appropriate than these classic models for approximating observed patterns of population connectivity in lotic systems. The Stream Hierarchy Model (SHM) predicts that the hierarchical aspect of stream structure (i.e. stream confluences) have a dominant role in shaping patterns of population connectivity in lotic fauna, whereby populations among streams are more isolated than those within them. Although stream confluences were found to have an important role in population subdivision for the species examined in this study, the expectations of the SHM were met for only N. australis. For the P. australiensis lineages, the influence of topography (i.e. the longitudinal aspect of stream structure) was just as important as stream confluences in isolating local populations. Large-scale determinants of population isolation were thus found to be associated with both the hierarchical and longitudinal aspects of stream structure, and were not well represented by any single theoretical model of population connectivity. At within-stream scales, upland populations tended to be extremely isolated from other populations and had temporally stable genetic signatures. In contrast, lowland populations were connected to other lowland populations within the same stream to a greater degree, although the connections were patchy and a slight signature of temporal instability in the genetic data was evident for one of the P. australiensis lineages. Thus, metapopulation or patchy population models were found to represent connections among lowland populations within the same stream, although they were not appropriate for describing connectivity among upland populations. This finding highlights the importance of the longitudinal aspect of stream structure in shaping ecological patterns in lotic systems, and demonstrates that local patterns of population connectivity can vary over relatively small spatial scales. Overall, the results illustrate that both hierarchical and longitudinal aspects of stream structure can have important roles in isolating populations of stream fauna. They therefore also represent constraints for the ability of aquatic fauna to colonise restored habitat in streams. The corollary of this, however, is that such isolated populations of stream fauna represent appropriate population units at which to target habitat restoration. The hierarchical and longitudinal aspects of stream structure may thus represent 'rules of thumb' or 'landscape filters' that stream restoration ecologists could use to predict likely isolated populations of lotic fauna across the landscape. Such a 'rule of thumb' might be the inclusion of multiple isolated population units in restoration programs, as this strategy is likely to generate the greatest biological response to the restoration at the landscape scale, particularly with respect to intra-specific genetic diversity captured by restoration. At small spatial scales, such as for a single stream or tributary, the longitudinal aspect of stream structure can be an important factor to consider when designing stream habitat restoration programs. In this study, lowland sites were unstable and there were patchy connections among local lowland populations within the same stream, whereas upland populations were isolated at this scale. In contrast, other studies have found that upstream populations of some species can be connected in a patchy fashion in other systems. For such unstable sections of stream, where there are patchy patterns of local population connectivity, the inclusion of multiple restored patches, especially refugial habitat, is likely to produce the greatest biotic response at the patch scale, particularly with respect to demographic responses (such as local colonisation). Multiple restored refugial patches will enable species to persist throughout the stream section during adverse environmental conditions, will allow for variation in local movement patterns and distances between species and between years with contrasting environment conditions (e.g. stream flow), and may harbour different species assemblages and intraspecific genotypes due to stochastic processes (i.e. have functional heterogeneity). The hierarchical and longitudinal aspects of stream structure are thus important determinants of population connectivity at both large and small spatial scales, and have implications for how stream biota will respond to restoration at patch and landscape scales.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
Faculty of Environmental Sciences
Full Text
5
Neary, James P. "Use of physical habitat structure to assess stream suitability for brown trout : a case study of three upland Scottish streams." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/209.
Full textAbstract:
In 2000 the European Union introduced the Water Framework Directive, new legislation that regulates the use of surface waters within the European Community. The goal of this legislation is to protect, enhance and restore all surface waters within the Community to Good Surface Water Status. Good-Status is described as having low levels of anthropogenic distortion in its hydro-morphological and physiochemical components as well as possessing biota that would normally be associated with the type-specific aquatic ecosystem. The assessment of ecosystem status is to be defined by comparisons with intact representative reference sites, by using modelling techniques that define reference conditions, a combination of the two, or expert judgement. As undisturbed aquatic ecosystems are rare or non-existent in Europe the base-line data will have to be defined using the latter methodologies. The aim of this project is to help define reference conditions for lotic systems in Europe based on the physical instream habitat parameters of a resident species. Brown trout (Salmo trutta), a ubiquitous and well studies species endemic to Europe, was used as the target organism to develop the assessment protocol. The project focused on the requirements this species has of aspects of its physical habitat; specifically, its usage of depth, velocity, and substrate. An extensive survey of the scientific literature was used to define the requirements trout has for the three physical parameters at four life stages. These are the spawning, nursery, juvenile and adult-resident life stages. These requirements were expressed as tolerance profiles, which defined suitable, usable and not-suitable habitat. The methodology was demonstrated by evaluating the physical habitat available at six reaches in three small streams, March, Burnhouse and Bin Burns, which drain into the Carron Valley Reservoir in central Scotland. From the perspective of water depth, these streams seem best suited as nursery areas, are less well suited as juvenile habitat, and do not appear to be well matched for adult residents. The assessment of both velocity and substrate indicated that the portion of the study reaches available for use by resident brown trout increased with trout size. The assessment of all three physical habitat parameters at all study reaches found variable portions of the streams suitable for use by spawning trout. When the habitat variables are integrated all stream segments streams seem best suited as nursery and spawning areas. To a lesser extent juvenile trout can use these burns and very little habitat is available for use by adult resident trout. The tolerance profiles that were created in this study are standardized assessment criteria that when compared with stream survey data can produce an appraisal of habitat availability in any fluvial freshwater system that supports populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta). The assessment method can be combined to produce an integrated habitat assessment, using both an index and by the calculation of Froude number, which is a more realistic approach than the assessment of individual habitat parameters as salmonids choose their microhabitat based on multiple factors. This approach allows an investigator to determine the amount and relative portion of useable habitat and to determine the quality of that habitat. Finally, by examining the physical habitat variable that most strongly correlates with the final integrated habitat distribution the individual habitat parameter that is most important to the distribution of physical habitat at a site can be determined. While this technique would certainly benefit from further development it does show potential to aid in physical habitat assessment of trout streams.
6
Braithwaite, Nicolas R. "The Effect of Stream Restoration on Preferred Cutthroat Trout Habitat in the Strawberry River, Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/950.
Full textAbstract:
Stream restoration has become a popular management tool for attempting to increase and/or restore fish populations by improving habitat. A section of the Strawberry River, Utah recently underwent a stream restoration project, where the main goals of the project included increasing spawning activity, rearing potential, and resident populations of Bear Lake cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkia utah. The impact of the restoration project on cutthroat trout was investigated by first characterizing preferred habitat for different life stages, investigating habitat as a limiting factor in the system, and then assessing the quality of available habitat by comparing restored/unrestored sections of stream and pre-restoration/post-restoration of the same sections of stream.
Results indicated cutthroat trout in the Strawberry River preferred faster water velocities, shallower depths, moderate substrates sizes, and riffle habitat types for spawning. In contrast, juvenile and adult life stages preferred deeper sections of stream, the presence of cover, and pool habitat types. Limiting factor analyses suggested spawner abundance may be limiting in the Strawberry River and maximum daily temperatures during the summer may be the strongest limiting habitat factor for juvenile and resident adult cutthroat trout. Restoration generally appeared to initiate a shift towards more favorable habitat, especially in terms of increasing near-bed velocity and increasing the proportion of preferred substrate sizes for spawning, and increasing the percentage of pools for juvenile and resident adult life stages. The potential benefits of the restoration remained somewhat ambiguous, a result of relatively small differences observed between study reaches, limited pre-restoration data, high spatial and inter-annual variability within and among control study reaches, and the inherently delayed reaction of ecological responses to physical changes from restoration. However, these issues can be resolved through continued monitoring. Long-term monitoring would allow for the accounting of natural variability to further tease out differences resulting from restoration and differences resulting from natural fluctuations. Additional monitoring would also capture long-term responses, which has the potential to be significant considering the relatively slow response of riparian vegetation to restoration. This study also provides a baseline dataset and template for future long-term monitoring efforts.
7
Morse, Cody. "Quantifying the Environmental Performance of a Stream Habitat Improvement Project." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1972.
Full textAbstract:
River restoration projects are being installed worldwide to rehabilitate degraded river habitat. Many of these projects focus on stream habitat improvement (SHI), and an estimated 60%of the 37,000 projects listed in the National River Restoration Science Synthesis Program focus on SHI for salmon and trout species. These projects frequently lack a sufficient monitoring program or account for the environmental costs associated with SHI. The present study used life cycle assessment (LCA) techniques and topographic effectiveness monitoring to quantify environmental costs on the basis of geomorphic change. This methodology was a novel approach to assessing the cost-benefit relationship of SHI. To test this methodology, two phases of the Lower Scotts Creek Floodplain and Habitat Enhancement Project (LSCR) were used as a case study. The LSCR was a SHI project installed along the northern coast of Santa Cruz County, California, USA. A limited scope LCA was used to quantify the life cycle impacts of raw material production, materials transportation, and on-site construction. Once these baseline results were produced, a topographic monitoring program was used to quantify the topographic diversity index (TDI) in pre- and post-project conditions. The TDI percent change was used to scale the baseline LCA results, which quantified the environmental impacts based on geomorphic change. Phase II outperformed phase I. Phase I had greater cumulative environmental impacts and experienced a 7.7 % TDI increase from pre- to post-project conditions. Phase II had 43% less cumulative environmental impacts and experienced a 7.9% TDI increase from pre- to post-project conditions. The impacts in phase I were greater because of the amount of material excavated to create off-channel features, which were a key feature of the LSCR. A scenario analysis also was conducted within the LCA component of this study. The scenario analysis suggests that life cycle impacts could be reduced by 30%-65% by using the accelerated recruitment method in place of importing materials to build large wood complexes. The results of this study suggest that managers may improve the environmental performance of SHI projects by: (1) using the accelerated recruitment method to introduce larger key pieces to the channel, reducing the need to import materials; (2) using nursery grown plants as opposed to excavating plants for revegetation; (3) minimizing fuel combustion in heavy equipment and haul trucks by ensuring clear access to the channel and streambank, using small engine equipment to clear access corridors during site preparation, running more fuel-efficient machinery or bio-fuel powered machinery, and by attempting to minimize haul distances by sourcing materials locally; and (4) utilizing a “franken-log” design (a ballasted LWC configuration with a rootwad fastened to the downstream end of a log) in LWCs which led to favorable TDI change. This study concluded that LCA could be a valuable tool for monitoring SHI and river restoration projects and that further research of the TDI analysis is justified.
8
Koljonen, S. (Saija). "Ecological impacts of in-stream restoration in salmonid rivers:the role of enhanced structural complexity." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514295690.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Despite the great amount of in-stream restorations conducted in the past decades there is still a disturbing lack of knowledge about the outcome of these measures. The overall goal of this study was to assess the effect of enhanced streambed heterogeneity on the ecology of stream salmonids and stream retention efficiency. Substratum heterogeneity is often considered as one of the most important limiting factors for organisms living in running waters. Winter ecology of rivers has not been broadly studied regardless of the general belief that wintertime conditions strongly influence the survival and population size of stream salmonids. In an experimental study, the paucity of wintertime habitat in simplified channels caused temporary mass loss in age-0 trout. In late spring, channelized stream trout performed catch-up growth with potentially negative effects on long-term fitness. A management implication of this study is that increasing cover availability by in-stream restoration structures may enhance the long term success of juvenile salmonids although the short term effects were minor. Densities of salmon parr in the River Kiiminkijoki showed no response to streambed restoration. Suitable habitat area for salmon parr increased after restoration under summer conditions. However, restoration-induced benefits to winter habitats were marginal, with one study reach indicating even negative values. Most of the areas with good habitat values were located along river margins, indicating that restoration measures had only limited impact on the mid-sections of the river channel. Dredging of small streams may have caused depletion of allochthonous organic matter due to the reduction of retentive structures. In a leaf release experiment, moss cover enhanced retentiveness as well as did various restoration structures (boulders, large wood). Only a very high amount of wood clearly enhanced retention capacity. This underlines the importance of wood as an effective retention structure in headwater streams. This study indicates that habitat complexity as such may be less important than life-stage specific habitat requirements of fish (e.g. cover for overwintering salmonids). Importantly, restoration may only be successful if the measures used target the limiting factor(s) of the ecosystem or the species; for salmonids, habitat complexity does not seem to be this factorTiivistelmä Uiton jälkeisten kunnostustoimenpiteiden määrä Suomessa on ollut huomattava, mutta vaikutusten arviointi, pelkästään kalastonkin kannalta, on jäänyt vähäiselle huomiolle. Tässä työssä selvitettiin kunnostusten merkitystä lohen ja taimenen poikasvaiheille, huomioiden etenkin pohjan rakenteellisen monimuotoisuuden vaikutus. Työssä selvitettiin myös kunnostusten vaikutuksia lehtikarikkeen pidätyskykyyn, joka on erityisesti latvapurojen ekosysteemien tärkeimpiä perustoimintoja. Lohikalojen talviekologinen tutkimus on viime aikoihin saakka ollut vähäistä, vaikka talviolosuhteiden uskotaan rajoittavan pohjoisten virtavesien eliöstön elinmahdollisuuksia. Kokeellisessa työssä rännimäisissä uomissa talvehtiminen aiheutti taimenenpoikasille tilapäisen painon alenemisen ja nopean kompensaatiokasvun loppukeväällä. Kompensaatiokasvu voi vaikuttaa negatiivisesti koko kalan eliniän, joten kunnostusten tuoma hyöty sopivien suojapaikkojen lisääntymisenä voi edesauttaa lohikalojen pitkäaikaista menestymistä. Kiiminkijoella lohenpoikasten tiheydet eivät muuttuneet kunnostuksen myötä ja vuosien välinen vaihtelu oli kuuden vuoden seurantajaksolla huomattavan suurta. Elinympäristömallinnuksen perusteella soveltuvan elinympäristön lisäys ei ollut merkittävää, koska etenkin talviaikaisten alueiden puute jäi huomattavaksi. Suurin osa soveltuvasta elinympäristöstä sijaitsi joen reuna-alueilla, joten kunnostusvaikutus joen keskiosaan jäi odotettua pienemmäksi. Uittoperkaus on voinut johtaa latvavesien ekosysteemien köyhtymiseen maalta tulevan orgaanisen aineksen pidättymiskyvyn vähentyessä. Kokeellisen työn perusteella kuitenkin nykypäivän tilanne vuosikymmeniä uiton loppumisen jälkeen osoittautui lähes yhtä pidättäväksi kuin nykyisin käytetyt kunnostusrakenteet (kivi tai puu). Kunnostusrakenteeseen tulisi lisätä huomattava määrä puuta, jotta lehtikarike pidättyisi korkeallakin virtaamatasolla. Tulosten perusteella elinympäristöjen muuttaminen monimuotoisemmiksi ei takaa kunnostustoimien onnistumista, sillä etenkin kalapopulaatioita rajoittavat yleensä useat tekijät. Jos kuitenkin elinympäristö on populaatiota rajoittava resurssi ja sitä pystytään lisäämään (kuten talviaikaiset suojapaikat), voidaan kunnostuksella saada näkyviä tuloksia. On ilmeistä, että kunnostustoimien tulisi olla nykyistä kattavampia ja paremmin suunnattuja rajoittaviin tekijöihin, jotta tulokset näkyisivät
9
Hasselquist, Eliza Maher. "Gradients of time and complexity : understanding how riparian and instream ecosystems recover after stream restoration." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-108079.
Full textAbstract:
Why evaluations of the ecological outcomes of stream and river restoration have largely reported inconclusive or negative results has been the subject of much debate over the last decade or more. Understanding the reasons behind the lack of positive results is important for bettering future restoration efforts and setting realistic expectations for restoration outcomes. This thesis explores possible explanations for why researchers have failed to find clear and predictable biotic responses to stream restoration: recovery time has been too short, that restoration of habitat complexity is not clearly linked to instream biodiversity, that one monitored organism group is not representative of the entire community, that restoration effort was not intense enough to restore the potential habitat complexity of a system, and that reach-scale restoration done in the presence of catchment-scale degradation obscures restoration results. The overarching goal of this thesis is to study the holistic effect of reach-scale restoration of historic reach-scale simplification, due to timber floating in northern Swedish streams, thus avoiding the added pressure of catchment-scale degradation typically found at most restoration sites (e.g., non-point-source pollution and impervious cover). Using this model system, I was able to show that it took 25 years for riparian plant species richness at restored sites to increase above that of channelized sites. Furthermore, it was clear that restoration of these streams caused a large and rapid change in N-processing in the riparian zone and this alteration persists for at least 25 years. Additionally, multiple metrics of geomorphic complexity were needed to explain some of the more subtle responses of organism groups. Macroinvertebrates, diatoms, and macrophytes did not respond concordantly and cannot serve as surrogates or indicators for each other. I found that older best practice methods of restoration rarely restored the large-scale features needed to bring the sites up to their potential complexity because these elements were destroyed or removed from the system. Advanced restoration techniques used in more recent restorations added big boulders and instream wood and increased complexity to a level that elicited a biological response. By combining surveys of multiple metrics of structure, diversity of multiple organism groups, and process in this thesis I was able to get a holistic view of the effects of restoration of streams after timber floating. We now know that it takes at least 25 years for riparian plants and N-cycling to recover, we understand that multiple metrics of geomorphic complexity should be measured to be able to explain biotic responses, and that restored complexity should better match the potential complexity of the site in order to elicit a biological response. Finally, we know that multiple organism groups need to be assessed when evaluating the response of biodiversity to restoration.
10
Resop, Jonathan Patrick. "Terrestrial Laser Scanning for Quantifying Uncertainty in Fluvial Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38694.
Full textAbstract:
Stream morphology is an important aspect of many hydrological and ecological applications such as stream restoration design (SRD) and estimating sediment loads for total maximum daily load (TMDL) development. Surveying of stream morphology traditionally involves point measurement tools, such as total stations, or remote sensing technologies, such as aerial laser scanning (ALS), which have limitations in spatial resolution. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) can potentially offer improvements over other surveying methods by providing greater resolution and accuracy. The first two objectives were to quantify the measurement and interpolation errors from total station surveying using TLS as a reference dataset for two fluvial applications: 1) measuring streambank retreat (SBR) for sediment load calculations; and 2) measuring topography for habitat complexity quantification. The third objective was to apply knowledge uncertainties and stochastic variability to the application of SRD.
A streambank on Stroubles Creek in Blacksburg, VA was surveyed six times over two years to measure SBR. Both total station surveying and erosion pins overestimated total volumetric retreat compared to TLS by 32% and 17%, respectively. The error in SBR using traditional methods would be significant when extrapolating to reach-scale estimates of sediment load. TLS allowed for collecting topographic data over the entire streambank surface and provides small-scale measurements on the spatial variability of SBR.
The topography of a reach on the Staunton River in Shenandoah National Park, VA was measured to quantify habitat complexity. Total station surveying underestimated the volume of in-stream rocks by 55% compared to TLS. An algorithm was developed for delineating in-stream rocks from the TLS dataset. Complexity metrics, such as percent in-stream rock cover and cross-sectional heterogeneity, were derived and compared between both methods. TLS quantified habitat complexity in an automated, unbiased manner at a high spatial resolution.
Finally, a two-phase uncertainty analysis was performed with Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) on a two-stage channel SRD for Stroubles Creek. Both knowledge errors (Manning's n and Shield's number) and natural stochasticity (bankfull discharge and grain size) were incorporated into the analysis. The uncertainty design solutions for possible channel dimensions varied over a range of one to four times the magnitude of the deterministic solution. The uncertainty inherent in SRD should be quantified and used to provide a range of design options and to quantify the level of risk in selected design outcomes.Ph. D.
Books on the topic "Stream habitat restoration"
1
Flosi, Gary. California salmonid stream habitat restoration manual. [Sacramento]: California Dept. of Fish and Game, Resources Agency, 1991.
Find full text
2
Bonney, Forrest R. South Bog Stream brook trout habitat restoration. Augusta, Me: Maine Dept. of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Fisheries and Hatcheries Division, 2008.
Find full text
3
Bonney, Forrest R. South Bog Stream brook trout habitat restoration. Augusta, Me: Maine Dept. of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Fisheries and Hatcheries Division, 2008.
Find full text
4
Velson, Rodney C. Van. Stream habitat investigations and assistance. Fort Collins, Colo: Colorado Division of Wildlife, Fish Research Section, 2006.
Find full text
5
Velson, Rodney C. Van. Stream habitat investigations and assistance. Fort Collins, Colo: Colorado Division of Wildlife, Fish Research Section, 2006.
Find full text
6
Velson, Rodney C. Van. Stream habitat investigations and assistance. Fort Collins, Colo: Colorado Division of Wildlife, Fish Research Section, 2004.
Find full text
7
Bonney, Forrest R. Status of western Maine stream restoration projects. Augusta, Me: Maine Dept. of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Fisheries and Hatcheries Division, 2008.
Find full text
8
Darby, Stephen. River restoration: Managing the uncertainty in restoring physical habitat. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Wiley, 2008.
Find full text
9
Bonney, Forrest R. Sandy River restoration project. Augusta, Me: Maine Dept. of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Fisheries and Hatcheries Division, 2009.
Find full text
10
Bonney, Forrest R. Sandy River restoration project. Augusta, ME: Maine Dept. of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Fisheries and Hatcheries Division, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Stream habitat restoration"
1
Newbury, Robert, David Bates, and Karilyn Long Alex. "Restoring Habitat Hydraulics with Constructed Riffles." In Stream Restoration in Dynamic Fluvial Systems, 353–66. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gm000978.
Full text
2
Biron, Pascale M., David M. Carré, Robert B. Carver, Karen Rodrigue-Gervais, and Sarah L. Whiteway. "Combining Field, Laboratory, and Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling Approaches to Improve Our Understanding of Fish Habitat Restoration Schemes." In Stream Restoration in Dynamic Fluvial Systems, 209–31. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gm000961.
Full text
3
Hassan, Marwan A., Ellen L. Petticrew, David R. Montgomery, Allen S. Gottesfeld, and John F. Rex. "Salmon as Biogeomorphic Agents in Gravel Bed Rivers: The Effect of Fish on Sediment Mobility and Spawning Habitat." In Stream Restoration in Dynamic Fluvial Systems, 337–52. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gm000968.
Full text
4
Wyżga, Bartłomiej, Paweł Oglęcki, Artur Radecki-Pawlik, and Joanna Zawiejska. "Diversity of Macroinvertebrate Communities as a Reflection of Habitat Heterogeneity in a Mountain River Subjected to Variable Human Impacts." In Stream Restoration in Dynamic Fluvial Systems, 189–207. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gm000983.
Full text
5
Bourcy, Scott C., and Ralph E. Weeks. "Stream morphology and habitat restoration of Pinto Creek, Gila County, Arizona." In Tailings and Mine Waste 2000, 467–75. London: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078579-62.
Full text
6
Shields, F. Douglas, Scott S. Knight, Nathalie Morin, and Joanne Blank. "Response of fishes and aquatic habitats to sand-bed stream restoration using large woody debris." In The Interactions between Sediments and Water, 251–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3366-3_34.
Full text
7
Nislow, Keith, Brian Kennedy, John Armstrong, Peter Collen, Janey Keay, and Simon McKelvey. "Nutrient Restoration Using Atlantic Salmon Carcasses as a Component of Habitat Management in Scottish Highland Streams." In Salmonid Fisheries, 228–41. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444323337.ch11.
Full text
8
Catalano, Chiara, Salvatore Pasta, and Riccardo Guarino. "A Plant Sociological Procedure for the Ecological Design and Enhancement of Urban Green Infrastructure." In Future City, 31–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75929-2_3.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractUrban green infrastructure could represent an important mean for environmental mitigation, if designed according to the principles of restoration ecology. Moreover, if suitably executed, managed and sized, they may be assimilated to meta-populations of natural habitats, deserving to be included in the biodiversity monitoring networks. In this chapter, we combined automatised and expert opinion-based procedures in order to select the vascular plant assemblages to populate different microhabitats (differing in terms of light and moisture) co-occurring on an existing green roof in Zurich (Switzerland). Our results lead to identify three main plant species groups, which prove to be the most suitable for the target roof. These guilds belong to mesoxeric perennial grasslands (Festuco-Brometea), nitrophilous ephemeral communities (Stellarietea mediae) and drought-tolerant pioneer species linked to nutrient-poor soils (Koelerio-Corynephoretea). Some ruderal and stress-tolerant species referred to the class Artemisietea vulgaris appear to fit well with local roof characteristics, too. Inspired by plant sociology, this method also considers conservation issues, analysing whether the plants selected through our procedure were characteristic of habitats of conservation interest according to Swiss and European laws and directives. Selecting plant species with different life cycles and life traits may lead to higher plant species richness, which in turn may improve the functional complexity and the ecosystem services provided by green roofs and green infrastructure in general.
9
Agouridis, Carmen T. "Reconnecting through Stream Restoration." In Water in Kentucky. University Press of Kentucky, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813168685.003.0015.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Streams play a critical role in the movement of water, sediment and nutrients across our landscape. Streams provide habitat to both aquatic and terrestrial life, and in many instances, streams support societal needs such as transportation and recreation. As such, streams are a vital part of our environment. Unfortunately, anthropogenic activities such as urbanization, agriculture, and resource extraction have degraded many of our streams to the point where they can no longer provide many of these services. Through stream restoration, we are able to restore many of these ecosystem functions while also reconnecting people and communities to streams.
10
"Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation." In Black Bass Diversity: Multidisciplinary Science for Conservation, edited by Christopher K. Metcalf and Cameron R. Morris. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874400.ch32.
Full textAbstract:
<em>Abstract</em>.—Stream restoration techniques in the southeastern United States have focused mostly on habitat manipulation. However, using simple and aggressive methodologies is necessary to promote cost effective methods of restoring habitat. A review of stream restoration practices is provided, with two detailed and different restoration scenarios presented, followed by a discussion on the effectiveness of these methods and lessons learned to help facilitate a range of options during the development of restoration goals and objectives.
Conference papers on the topic "Stream habitat restoration"
1
Shields, Jr., F. Douglas, and Scott Knight. "Ten Years After: Stream Habitat Restoration Project in Retrospect." In Protection and Restoration of Urban and Rural Streams Symposium. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40695(2004)4.
Full text
2
Seal, Rebecca, Otto R. Stein, and Shawn F. Boelman. "Performance of In-Stream Habitat Structures Under Flood Conditions." In Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference 1998. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40382(1998)112.
Full text
3
Biron, P. M., D. M. Carrié, and S. J. Gaskin. "Hydraulics of stream deflectors used in fish-habitat restoration schemes." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rm090281.
Full text
4
Schwartz, John S. "Use of a 2D Hydrodynamic Model for Stream Restoration Design of High-flow Habitat in Low-gradient Midwest Streams." In Protection and Restoration of Urban and Rural Streams Symposium. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40695(2004)40.
Full text
5
Salas, Dan, and Aaron Steber. "Restored Crossings: When and Where to Apply Stream Restoration Techniques to Protect Exposed Pipelines." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64467.
Full textAbstract:
Maintenance of existing rights-of-way often involve dealing with exposed pipelines near stream crossings. Streams often shift over time. This adjustment can lead to erosion of the streambed and streambanks, exposing pipelines or other infrastructure to threats such as hydraulic pressure, buoyancy, debris collisions, or pipe vibration and fatigue. Under these conditions, managers can be faced with relocating the pipe, performing localized streambank stabilization, or employing stream restoration techniques to provide long-term protection. When localized stabilization is the preferred approach, selection of techniques is often determined by what will protect the pipeline without consideration of the stream context surrounding it. However, due to site conditions, manager preferences, and regulatory considerations, techniques from the disciplines of stream restoration and habitat enhancement can provide cost-effective alternatives to traditional hard-armoring by concrete or stone depending on the site context. Using past experience and a series of decision analysis tools, it was determined that geomorphic context should be factored as a foremost consideration when evaluating the most stable and cost effective approach to correcting exposed pipelines. One of the most critical factors in assessing the feasibility of stabilization options is the height and orientation of exposed pipes relative to the stream’s bankfull elevation.
6
Castro, Janine, Brian Cluer, K. Koski, and Lawrence Peltz. "Stream Habitat Restoration Opportunities Through Reclamation of Instream Gravel Mines in Western North America: Examples." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)603.
Full text
7
Deni Hazell, Barb Lensch, and Mary King. "Channel Stabilization, Habitat Restoration, and Realignment Feasibility Study for Class I Trout Stream in Wisconsin." In 2007 Minneapolis, Minnesota, June 17-20, 2007. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23420.
Full text
8
Struck, Scott D., Ariamalar Selvakumar, Ken Hyer, and Thomas O'Connor. "Evaluating the Accotink Creek Restoration Project for Improving Water Quality, In-Stream Habitat, and Bank Stability." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40856(200)402.
Full text
9
Clue, Brian, Janine Castro, K. Koski, and Lawrence Peltz. "Stream Habitat Restoration Opportunities Through Reclamation of Instream Gravel Mines in Western North America: Design Considerations." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)602.
Full text
10
Buffington, John M. "CONSIDERING SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF FLOODS IN STREAM RESTORATION: EFFECTS OF HYDROCLIMATE ON THE STABILITY OF CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY AND AQUATIC HABITAT." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-306938.
Full textReports on the topic "Stream habitat restoration"
1
Abraham, Romeo. Trout habitat and stream restoration in Decorah. University of Iowa, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/bso5-6lvm.
Full text
2
Bruegman, Terry, and Debbie Nordheim. Tucannon Stream/Riparian Restoration : Fiscal Year 1998 Habitat Projects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/753964.
Full text
3
Polivka, Carlos M., Rhiannon A. Volking, Shannon M. Claeson, and Rachel D. Hosman. Scale of monitoring influences interpretation of stream habitat restoration results for juvenile Chinook salmon. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rn-579.
Full text
4
Polivka, Carlos M., Rhiannon A. Volking, Shannon M. Claeson, and Rachel D. Hosman. Scale of monitoring influences interpretation of stream habitat restoration results for juvenile Chinook salmon. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rn-579.
Full text
5
An assessment of stream habitat and nutrients in the Elwha River basin: implications for restoration. US Geological Survey, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri984223.
Full text