Journal articles: 'Straw insulation'

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Teslík, Jiří, Jiri Labudek, Barbora Valová, and Martina Vodičková. "Settlement of Crushed Straw." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.55.

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This article is focused on an experimental measurement of settlement of blown insulation from crushed straw. Straw has appeared like building material in recent years. It is ecological and cheap building material which is required for sustainable construction. Straw is usually used in form of bales. These are generally used like thermal insulation filling the supporting structure. An alternative to straw bales can be crushed straw. Crushed straw is not used in building industry currently. Its thermal insulating properties and structure are appropriate to use it like blown or loose thermal insulation. The experimental measurement was necessary to verify application of crushed straw by blowing or bulk and to find out values of settlement. Results of this measurement are described in this article.

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Nasser, Reem, M. A. Radwan, M. A.Sadek, and Hany A.Elazab. "Preparation of insulating material based on rice straw and inexpensive polymers for different roofs." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (September 5, 2018): 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14082.

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Fossil fuel saving is part of the 21th century goal. One of the largest sectors that consumes energy is the building sector since it consumes 40% of the total energy in Europe through heating and cooling. Thus, the need of minimizing the energy consumption played an important role in the development of building insulation materials. Selection of a proper material for building insulation differs according to the building surrounding climate and the properties required in the material. Building climate determines the insulating material location whether its internal or external while properties can differ according to many parameters that affect the material quality such as thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, waterproofing, resistance to fire and mechanical properties. Another factor is newly considered which doesn’t affect the product quality but has an influence in the energy consumption is the environmental impact. The aim of the research is considering most of the above factors through making a composite of rice straw particles bounded by a polymer to produce roof insulations. The utilization of wastes such as rice straw to produce a high quality product with the least price is the research main objective. The polymers selected for research are the unsaturated polyester resin and the polyurethane foam polymers. The polyester is not recently applied for insulation on comparison with the polyurethane foam which is dominant through the global market. At the end of the research, satisfying results have been achieved to nominate the 80% polyurethane foam and 20% rice straw composite as the best sample among all of the prepared samples. The other samples include polyester and rice straw composite with different compositions. The foam and straw sample have the best insulation with value of 0.1627 W/m oC. The compression strength has also been improved on addition of rice straw to the polyurethane foam by three times the initial value. Also, the density measurement revealed a very light composite which is suitable for the construction field requirements. This results in reducing the cost by 28.35%. On contrast, polyester samples which have very high density and higher K factor are not so efficient, so it is suggested that they can be applied at rural regions due to their low cost.

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Bertorello, Anna Rita. "A Technological Analysis Applied to Existing Building Insulated with Straw." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 719–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.719.

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The current building culture requires a more careful and sensitive attention to environmental problems and the necessity to reduce the building energy requirement using sustainable products and solutions (eg. re-use of agricultural by-products). This research concerns the study of insulating existing buildings with straw (internal and external insulation) realized in Europe and in New Mexico. The case studies are analyzed with a technological point of view through the dissection of the insulation build-up to understand the construction phases during its insulation. The analysis of each case regards three building parts: the upper enclosure, the vertical enclosure and the attachment between the vertical enclosure and the ground. The application of this working method allows the analysis and understanding of how different elements are connected to each other, the possible finishing solutions and the relationship between the straw insulation and the existing building. This research analyzes different examples in order to develop a possible improved solution through the critical analysis of different construction methods used in the buildings. It is possible to achieve a classification methods of straw insulation found in the study cases and analyze every single part in the insulation system.

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Vėjelienė, Jolanta, and Albinas Gailius. "ANALYSIS OF THERMAL INSULATION FROM RENEWABLE RESOURCES." Engineering Structures and Technologies 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2010): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/skt.2010.09.

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One of the essential requirements for buildings is energy saving and heat retention. About 40% of the total energy consumed in the European Union is used for heating of buildings. Most of the energy consumed in buildings is used for heating during the cold period and cooling during the warm period. A significant part of energy can be saved due to suitable insulation of buildings. More efficient energy saving can be ensured by using heat-insulating materials produced from renewable resources. In Lithuania straw is often used for making thermal insulation obtained with a thermal conductivity of 0.040 W/(mK). Straw thermal conductivity under different conditions as well as possibilities to use it for producing heat-insulating materials are analysed in the work.

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Zhang, Lin, Fu Sheng Liu, Ji Yong Song, Yan Bin Zhang, and Gang Gang Dong. "Mechanical Strength and Microstructure Analysis of Cementitious Wheat Straw Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 766–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.766.

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Wheat straw alkali treatment has impacts on the strength of cement mortar and glazed hollow beads insulation mortar. The results show that the bending strength and bending strength of cement mortar specimen with 4% wheat straw are respectively 58.3% and 40.9% of the benchmark specimen, but bending-press ratio of the latter is 1.42 times of the former. The SEM images reflect the straws influences on the cement hydrate morphology, status and the influence of the number on cement mortar and glazed hollow beads insulation mortar. Compared with the latter, the former C-S-H gel is loose fibrous, failure to form a good network. In the thermal insulation mortar consistency and stratification of the same circumstances, with straw dosage increased, strength first increases, then declining. And folding pressure than in straw dosage is less than 24% more ideal. The SEM pictures show that network C-S-H gel decrease and loose fibrous C-S-H gel increased. At the same time, AFt gradually become attenuate and curly.

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Medgyasszay, Péter. "Additional Insulation of Detached Dwelling Houses with Straw-Bale Elements." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.243.

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The paper introduces the planning and construction experiences and development ideas of additional insulation of walls made from straw-bale. The energetic refurbishment of existing building is an important priority in the action plan of the EU dealing with the energy efficiency. The additional insulation of walls reduces significantly the energy demand of building but the effectiveness and the thickness of the insulation-material has economic and environmental limits. According to our previous research we introduced that the additional insulation of walls made from straw has significant advantages.The application of straw-bale insulation has large potential in the case of detached dwelling houses in rural environment. The paper introduces through two ready buildings the most important negative and positive experiences of straw-bale insulation. The paper also makes proposals for the development of the technology.

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Cascone, Stefano, Renata Rapisarda, and Dario Cascone. "Physical Properties of Straw Bales as a Construction Material: A Review." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 19, 2019): 3388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123388.

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Straw bale buildings provide significant benefits in terms of costs, human health, and environmental sustainability. Several studies in different regions have underlined the remarkable properties of straw bales as insulating and construction material; however, to the authors’ knowledge, there are no reviews published on this topic. The main objective of this paper is to provide a better understanding of straw bale systems, focusing on durability and thermal and acoustic insulation properties. To this end, previous tests and studies on straw bale buildings around the world were reviewed, comparing their results, assessing where research currently stands, and identifying the aspects that need to be further investigated. Results from previous tests have highlighted their ability to achieve excellent living comfort and encouraged their use. Guidelines for the characteristics to be achieved during the baling process are now required. Combining straw bale walls with a render or any type of high-density layer can improve both the thermal and acoustic properties of straw bale constructions. Finally, a quantitative assessment of the most significant properties, such as thermal resistance and acoustic insulation, is necessary to reduce the gap between straw bales and traditional building materials.

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Huang, Qun Yi, Feng Xiong, Kui Fan, and Yu Chuan He. "An Experimental Study on Thermal Insulation Performance of Straw Wire Aircraft Sandwich Panel." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 1307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.1307.

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Straw wire aircraft sandwich panel is a new type of composite slab which consist of straw insulation core lamped between two welded wire meshes. Diagonal shear connectors connect two wire meshes to form an integrated frame. The straw insulation core (also known as straw board) is prepared from cut straw agglutinated by magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC). In order to study thermal conductivity of straw board, multi-group models were quantitatively investigated by the CD－DR3030A thermal conductivity meter. Five parameters, including the water－cement ratio, cement content, straw gradation, straw length, wettability were considered in the test. The results show that the thermal conductivity of straw board samples is in the range of 0.08~0.12 w/m•k, which indicates that the straw board has a good thermal insulation property. And the water－cement ratio, cement content, straw gradation, straw length, wettability has remarkable effects on the thermal conductivity of straw board.

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Wang, Lu, Yong Yang, Zhaofeng Chen, Yiyou Hong, Zhou Chen, and Jiankun Wu. "Preparation and Characterization of a Type of Green Vacuum Insulation Panel Prepared with Straw Core Material." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 16, 2020): 4604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204604.

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The Vacuum Insulation Panel (VIP), regarded as the most promising high-performance thermal insulation material, still has application limitations because of its high cost. In this paper, VIPs using natural straw as the core material are prepared. The fiber saturation point (FSP) is important in order to determine the optimum for the use of renewable straw materials as a potential VIP core. The microstructure of straw core material, together with the relationship between the moisture content, the diametral compression strength, and the thermal conductivity of as-prepared straw VIPs are investigated. Compression characteristics of straw core material and heat insulation mechanism within the straw VIP envelope enclosure are analyzed. Total thermal conductivity of a straw VIP is sensitive to both the inner pressure and the moisture content of straw core material. The optimum drying process for straw VIPs is heating the straw core material at a temperature of 120 ℃ for 60 min, with its center-of-panel value being about 3.8 mW/(m·K).

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Beck, A., U. Heinemann, M. Reidinger, and J. Fricke. "Thermal Transport in Straw Insulation." Journal of Thermal Envelope and Building Science 27, no. 3 (January 2004): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097196304039831.

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Babenko, Maryna, Adriana Estokova, Mykola Savytskyi, and Stanislav Unčík. "Study of Thermal Properties of Lightweight Insulation Made of Flax Straw." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2018-0008.

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AbstractThe article presents the results of a study of the properties of flax straw as a raw material and as a lightweight, environmentally-friendly insulation made of a two-component mixture of flax straw and liquid glass. The flax is considered to be renewable and is a 100% natural waste product of the agriculture industry, which may be widely used as sustainable building insulation after light modifications. The ratio mixes of the two-component eco-insulation of flax straw and liquid glass (Na2O(SiO2)) have been developed in terms of sustainability principles such as environmental friendliness and energy efficiency. We used thermal analysis to compare flax straw as a raw material, and a complex insulation made of flax straw demonstrated a slower decomposition of the composite and shorter peaks, which supports the concept of the transformation of flax straw with liquid glass to increase its fire resistance properties. The peaks of the loss of mass with the exothermal process were defined for both flax samples. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the material is around 0.085 W/m K, which permits its use as an effective insulation material for sustainable buildings.

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Teslík, Jiří. "Analysis of the Fire Properties of Blown Insulation from Crushed Straw in the Buildings." Materials 14, no. 15 (August 3, 2021): 4336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154336.

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Sustainable development in civil engineering is the clear and necessary goal of the current generation. There are many possibilities for reducing the use of depletable resources. One of them is to use renewable and recyclable materials on a larger scale in the construction industry. One possibility is the application of natural thermal insulators. A typical example is a crushed straw, which is generated as agricultural waste in the Czech Republic. Due to its small dimensions and good thermal insulation parameters, this material can also be used as blown thermal insulation. The research aims to examine the fire resistance of crushed straw as blown insulation. The single-flame source fire test results, thermal attack by a single burning item (SBI) test and large-scale test of a perimeter wall segment are shown. The results show that blown insulation made of crushed straw meets the requirements of fire protection. In addition, crushed straw can be also used to protect load-bearing structures due to its behaviour. This article also shows the production process of crushed straw used as blown insulation in brief.

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BAKATOVICH, А., YI ZHANG, and F. GASPAR. "INSULATING COMPOSITES BASED ON A MIXTURE OF RICE HUSK AND STRAW." Herald of Polotsk State University. Series F. Civil engineering. Applied sciences 32, no. 14 (December 29, 2022): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1683-2022-32-14-2-9.

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The present study is aimed at obtaining environmentally friendly thermal insulation slabs containing rice husk as the main structure-forming material. The second component of the structure-forming composition is wheat straw. The experimental data on the physical properties of thermal insulation slabs, included the measurement of density, thermal conductivity, sorption moisture and compressive strength. The use of straw in an amount of up to 50% of the total mass of the composition allows to reduce the coefficient of thermal conductivity of insulation slabs to 0,054 – 0,055 W/(m·K). The indicators of the thermal conductivity coefficient of insulation slabs are due to the microstructure of husk and wheat straw, which is confirmed by the results of electron microscopy obtained in the course of research. Liquid glass ensures the formation of a rigid and durable structure of environmentally friendly thermal insulation boards and prevents damage to the insulation by rodents.

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Vėjelienė, Jolanta. "PROCESSED STRAW AS EFFECTIVE THERMAL INSULATION FOR BUILDING ENVELOPE CONSTRUCTIONS." Engineering Structures and Technologies 4, no. 3 (October 4, 2012): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029882x.2012.730286.

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The efficiency of thermal insulation materials obtained from renewable resources depends on the possibilities of reducing thermal transfer via solid and gaseous conduction, thermal radiation and, in some cases, convection. The heat transfer mechanism for thermal insulation materials mostly depends on the structure and density of the material used. Efficient thermal insulation materials consist of a gaseous phase and a solid skeleton. Gas content in such materials can take more than 99% of material by volume. In this case, thermal transfer via solid conductivity is negligible. The current work analyses the possibilities of reducing heat transfer in the straw of a varying structure. For conducting experiments, barley straw was used. To evaluate the impact of straw stalk orientation in a specimen on thermal conductivity, strongly horizontally and vertically oriented specimens of straw stalks were prepared. To reduce heat transfer via gaseous conduction and convection in large cavities in straw stalks and between stalks, barley straw were chopped and defibered. In order to decrease heat transfer via radiation after thermal conductivity measurements, mechanically processed straw were coated with infrared absorbers. Due to thermal conductivity measurements of chopped and defibered straw, an optimal amount of infrared absorbers were determined.

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Teslík, Jiří, Radek Fabian, and Barbora Hrubá. "Determination of the Airborne Sound Insulation of a Straw Bale Partition Wall." Civil and Environmental Engineering 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cee-2017-0003.

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AbstractThis paper describes the results of a scientific project focused on determining of the Airborne Sound Insulation of a peripheral non-load bearing wall made of straw bales expressed by Weighted Sound Reduction Index. Weighted Sound Reduction Index was determined by measuring in the certified acoustic laboratory at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Brno University of Technology. The measured structure of the straw wall was modified in combinations with various materials, so the results include a wide range of possible compositions of the wall. The key modification was application of plaster on both sides of the straw bale wall. This construction as is frequently done in actual straw houses. The additional measurements were performed on the straw wall with several variants of additional wall of slab materials. The airborne sound insulation value has been also measured in separate stages of the construction. Thus it is possible to compare and determinate the effect of the single layers on the airborne sound insulation.

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Liu, Yan, and Juan Li. "Test Research of Thermal Insulation Property of Straw-Based Board." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 1848–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.1848.

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A new green building material has been studied through investigating the thermal insulation properties of board produced from crop straw in this paper. Three straw-based boards with different thicknesses (8mm, 16mm and 32mm) were selected to detect heat transfer coefficient of the wall using JW-III heat-flow meter type thermal conductivity tester. Based on the standard specified in [1], we obtained the minimum thickness for the straw-based board for thermal insulation of different thickness brick walls.

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Makovicka Osvaldova, Linda, Iveta Markova, Stanislav Jochim, and Jan Bares. "Experimental Study of Straw-Based Eco-Panel Using a Small Ignition Initiator." Polymers 13, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13081344.

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Straw, a natural cellulose-based material, has become part of building elements. Eco-panels, compressed straw in a cardboard casing, is used as building insulation. Eco-panel is a secondary product with excellent insulating properties. If suitably fire-treated (insulation and covering), straw panels’ fire resistance may be increased. This contribution deals with monitoring the behavior of eco-panels exposed to a small ignition initiator (flame). The samples consisted of compressed straw boards coated with a 40 mm thick cardboard. Samples were exposed to a flame for 5 and 10 min. The influence of the selected factors (size of the board, orientation of flame with the sample) were compared on the basis of experimentally obtained data: mass loss. The results obtained do not show a statistically significant influence of the position of the sample and the initiating source (flame). The results presented in the article confirm the justifiability of fire tests. As the results of the experiments prove, the position of a small burner for igniting such material is also important. Such weakness of the material can also be eliminated by design solutions in the construction. The experiment on larger samples also confirmed the justifiability of fire tests along with the need for flame retardancy of such material for its safe application in construction.

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Novosad, Petro, and Oksana Pozniak. "THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS BASED ON FLAX STRAW." Theory and Building Practice 2021, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2021.02.046.

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The development of plant-based materials will help to solve the problems associated with the use of agricultural waste, and at the same time to get inexpensive and effective insulation materials based on environmentally friendly local raw materials. The advantages of such materials are availability, fast recovery, low cost, environmental friendliness and low thermal conductivity. In the work with the use of flax straw at a consumption of Portland cement of 150 kg per 1 m3 of concrete, thermal insulation lightweight concrete with an average density of 350 kg/m3 and a strength of 0.53 MPa was obtained. The article presents the results of research of temperature changes on the surface of external enclosing structures using the developed thermal insulation concrete based on flax straw in combination with a solar energy absorber. It is established that such a structure of an external wall provides thermal inertia of a protection within 7-7.5 hours.

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Dou, Yuting, Anhong Bao, Duhong Sun, and Zenan Niu. "Rapid preparation of a composite insulating block comprising waste expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam and rice straw." BioResources 17, no. 1 (December 6, 2021): 699–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.1.699-713.

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Due to the world’s decreasing energy supply, reducing the energy consumption of building envelopes has become an urgent issue with economic benefits. Rice straw is a generally available agricultural residue. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of rapid pretreatment methods and slaked lime on the molding of rice straw insulation blocks and to evaluate the effectiveness of integrating expanded polystyrene (EPS) particle waste with rice straw as building materials to reduce the energy loss in buildings. The pretreatment time was shortened from 6 h to 3 h by mechanical stirring combined with lye soaking. The molding of the insulation block could be improved by the hardening of slaked lime through contrast experiments and electron microscope scanning. Moreover, the influences of the mass ratio of slaked lime to rice straw (RSR) and the dosage of the EPS particles (ωEPS) on the dry apparent density and the thermal conductivity of the insulation blocks were studied. The results showed that the slaked lime would increase the dry apparent density and weight of the insulation block, but the EPS can effectively reduce this negative effect and keep the thermal conductivity of the insulation block below 0.049 W·m-1·K-1. Ultimately, the rapid pretreatment technology was determined to include lye soaking for 3 h and mechanical stirring for 5 min. The material matching ratio scheme was determined to have a ωEPS value of less than 3% and an RSR value equal to 1/7.5.

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Cascone, Stefano, Gianpiero Evola, Antonio Gagliano, Gaetano Sciuto, and Chiara Baroetto Parisi. "Laboratory and In-Situ Measurements for Thermal and Acoustic Performance of Straw Bales." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 5592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205592.

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This paper investigates the performance of timber-framed walls insulated with straw bales, and compares them with similar walls containing expanded polystyrene (EPS) instead of straw bales. First, thermal conductivity, initial water content, and density of the straw bales were experimentally measured in a laboratory set-up, and the dependence of the thermal conductivity of the dry material on temperature was described. Then, the two insulation solutions were compared by looking at their steady and periodic thermal transmittance, decrement factor, phase shift, internal areal heat capacity and surface mass. Finally, the acoustic performance of both wall typologies was analyzed by means of in situ measurements in two-story buildings built in Southern Italy. The weighted apparent sound reduction index for the partition wall between two houses and the weighted standardized level difference for the façades were assessed based on ISO Standard 16283. The results indicate that the dry straw bales have an average thermal conductivity of k = 0.0573 W/(m·K), and their density is around 80 kg/m3. In addition, straw bale walls have good steady thermal performance, but they still lack sufficient thermal inertia, as witnessed by the low phase shift and the high periodic thermal transmittance. Finally, according to the on-site measurements, the results underline that the acoustic performance of the straw bale walls is far better than the walls adopting traditional EPS insulation. Overall, the straw bales investigated are a promising natural and sustainable solution for thermal and sound insulation of buildings.

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Miron, Ioan Olimpiu, Daniela Lucia Manea, Dana Maria Cantor (Andreș), and Claudiu Aciu. "Organic Thermal Insulation Based on Wheat Straw." Procedia Engineering 181 (2017): 674–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.02.449.

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Di Giuseppe, Alessia, Alberto Maria Gambelli, Federico Rossi, Andrea Nicolini, Nicola Ceccarelli, and Alberto Palliotti. "Insulating Organic Material as a Protection System against Late Frost Damages on the Vine Shoots." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (August 4, 2020): 6279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156279.

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Late frosts are one of the major impact factors on agriculture worldwide with large economic losses for agricultural crops, with a significant impact also in wine production. Given the importance of the wine sector in the world, more and more efforts are being made to identify innovative techniques capable of creating a low-cost and effective protection for vine shoots, as well as reducing energy consumption. In a previous work, cotton candy was identified as an insulating material to solve the problems related to late frosts on vineyards and limit its damages as much as possible. From the results of the previous research, it has proved that cotton candy is an excellent thermal insulator, but it degrades quickly in windy conditions. Thus, climatic tests carried out in windy condition showed that straw can greatly slow down the degradation of cotton candy over time, giving an indirect contribution to the protective effectiveness of cotton candy. In addition, several tests were conducted with different amounts of sugar and straw without wind to evaluate whether the straw can itself make a contribution in terms of thermal insulation, as well as contribute to the protective effectiveness of cotton candy, minimizing energy use as well.

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Fenyvesi, Olivér, and Dániel Csanády. "Effect of drying method on compressive strength of straw-based thermal insulations." Materials Structures Technology 3, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31448/mstj.03.01.2020.108-116.

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Most of the thermal insulations in the construction industry market based on fossil raw material or need a huge amount of production energy. Nowadays, sustainable thermal insulation products are more popular, and the demand for these products on the market is increasing. Some of them reach the main material properties of artificial ones but usually not all. Today the reaction to fire is another big challenge in this field. In many cases, producers use chemicals that can increase fire resistance, but on the other hand, increase the environmental impact of insulations too. It is also hard to find a binder which provides proper mechanical parameters and durability and is environmentally friendly too. During our scientific research on environmentally friendly thermal insulation materials, which is running for 4 years, we found that silicate-based adhesives meet many of these criteria mentioned above. In this article, the mechanical properties of straw-based insulation bonded with silicate binder were investigated. The effect of conventional and microwave drying on compressive strength were compared to found the optimal hardening process of binders. During the experiments, straw was applied in a natural state, natural stem length distribution and without microstructure and surface modification. The used binder is a simple silicate-based binder (potassium silicate) without any modification agent. Conventional drying needs a longer time, and during it, many cracks form in the early age of the hardened binder. It is because of shrinkage and the differences in the rigidity of the binder along its cross-section. Besides, the straw stems swell when exposed to moisture (from binder), and after drying they shrink, which decreases the quality of the bond between stems and binder. The microwave drying evenly heats the various points of the specimen, so it is not generated such big differences in shrinkage. The contact between stems and binder are also better. Due to these effects, the microwave dried specimens reached the limit required for step resistance, and they had three-time higher average compressive strength than we got by the conventional drying of the same raw material.

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Huang, Zhen, Wei Chen, and Dong Sheng Huang. "Research on the Thermal Insulation Performance and Energy Saving of Fabricated Straw Brick." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 1751–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.1751.

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Fabricated straw brick is a new wall material, its character is a kind of sandwich structure with tenon and groove, and wall assembly does not require any additional connections. Experiment and calculation have done to study the thermal parameters of fabricated straw brick and environmental protection performance of building in this material. The results show that straw wall’s heat transfer coefficient is much lower than that of normal concrete block and lightweight aggregate concrete block, which can guarantee good insulation performance. It was proved to have good thermal insulation in the further computational analysis. Therefore, it is a kind of environmental protection building material.

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Zeghari, Kaoutar, Ayoub Gounni, Hasna Louahlia, Michael Marion, Mohamed Boutouil, Steve Goodhew, and François Streif. "Novel Dual Walling Cob Building: Dynamic Thermal Performance." Energies 14, no. 22 (November 16, 2021): 7663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227663.

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This paper emphasizes the experimental and numerical study of new cob mixes used for insulation and load bearing wall elements. The experimental study provides complete datasets of thermal properties of the new walling materials, using cob with density ranging from 1107 kg/m3 to 1583 kg/m3 for structural walls and less than 700 kg m−3 for insulation walls. Various mixes of French soils and fibres (reed, wheat straw, hemp shiv, hemp straw, and flax straw) with different water contents are studied. The lowest average thermal conductivity is obtained for the structural cob mix prepared of 5% wheat straw and 31% of water content. The insulation mix, prepared with 25% reed and 31% water content, has the lowest thermal conductivity. Investigation of diffusivity, density, and heat capacity shows that, when thermal conductivity is lower than 0.4 W m−1 K−1, the decrease in cob density leads to better insulation values and higher heat capacity. Little variation is noticed regarding the density and heat capacity for cob mixes with thermal conductivity higher than 0.4 W m−1 K−1. Furthermore, the non-uniformity of local thermal conductivity and heat losses through the samples is due mainly to the non-uniform distribution of fibres inside the mixes inducing an increase in heat loss up to 50% for structural walls and 25% for insulation walls. Cob thermal properties are used in a comparative simulation case study of a typical house under French and UK climatic conditions. The energy performance of the conventional building is compared to a dual walled cob building, showing remarkable reduction in energy consumption as the cob walls, whilst maintaining comfortable indoor conditions without additional heating.

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Reif, Martina, Jitka Peterková, and Jiri Zach. "Possibilities of Using Natural Fibres for Production of Particular Insulation for Use in Civil Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 1124 (September 2015): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1124.111.

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The paper deals with the development options of particular insulation based on a blend of recycled cellulose fibers and natural (mainly) bast fibers. The paper presents the results of research work in the field of addiction thermal insulation, acoustic and mechanical properties of experimentally produced insulators on density..Keywords: Natural fibers, thermal conductivity, insulation materials, straw, fibreboard, cellulose fibers

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Liuzzi, Stefania, Simona Rigante, Francesco Ruggiero, and Pietro Stefanizzi. "Straw Based Materials for Building Retrofitting and Energy Efficiency." Key Engineering Materials 678 (February 2016): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.678.50.

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This work aimed to measure the hygrothermal properties of some different straw-based mix that could be used as building materials (panels or bricks). Straw is used to improve the hygrothermal performances of the final products. Several mix were produced adding different percentages of straw. Two types of fibers were used: wheat straw and bean straw. The results indicated that increasing the percentages of straw greater effects on the change of thermal properties can be appreciated. Furthermore the results also reveal that the specimen produced by water glass and straw, without binder, has the highest values of hygric properties and thermal insulation.

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Jin, Man Tong, Meng Yun Liao, Liang Chen, and Zan Fang Jin. "Thermal Performance and Temperature Resistance of Straw-Geopolymer Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 710 (January 2015): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.710.15.

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This paper investigates the influence of high temperature on geopolymer reinforced by straw fibers from 25°C to 800 °C with a duration of 0 min, 30 min and 60 min, respectively. The effect of straw fiber content on the thermal properties and compressive strength have also been explored. It is found that the optimum range of straw fiber came to be 2-4 % with both excellent thermal insulation properties and a comparable compressive strength. The mechanical strength of the geopolymer with 3% straw fiber subjected to elevated temperatures show that the geopolymer composites possess significantly higher strength and better temperature resistance than the conventional thermal insulation materials. When exposure to 300 °C for 60 min, the specimen gives a satisfied result of 42.08 MPa. And the compressive strength drop is almost under 50% after exposure to 400 °C for 60 min. Thermal analysis is employed to explore the temperature damage.

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Slaimia, Marouen, Naima Belayachi, and Dashnor Hoxha. "In Situ Performance Assessment of a Bio-Sourced Insulation Material from an Inverse Analysis of Measurements on a Demonstrator Building." Advanced Engineering Forum 21 (March 2017): 460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.21.460.

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of bio-sourced material based on cereal straw for an efficient insulation. Decreasing significantly energy consumption of buildings requires not only the very best insulation material for heat loss reduction through the wall but also the reduction of air permeability which can affect automatically the comfort in the building. This is why, propose an insulation material with low thermal conductivity remains insufficient and the evaluation of the performance of the new insulation material in situ in real conditions is an essential step. The experimental building ( PROMETHE demonstrator) is set up with wood frame and multilayered walls composed with cinder blocks and insulation bio-composite based on cereal straw in order to simulate the thermal rehabilitation conditions according the External thermal insulation principle. Each façade is divided in four part with three different insulation bio-composites and naked part for comparison reasons. Hygrothermal sensors are used both inside and outside of the demonstrator, and heat-flux sensor is placed at the cinder blocks biocomposite interface. These in situ measurements are used to compare the efficiency of three bi-sourced materials and for the modeling the hygrothermal behavior of the multilayer wall by using the set of identified parameters in laboratory.

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Dimova, V., and D. Georgiev. "Optimizing the thickness of a straw outer wall of a building for sows in a view to achieving cost-effective heat insulation." Agricultural Science and Technology 13, Volume 13, Issue 2 (June 2021): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2021.02.028.

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Abstract. The aim of the study is to determine the optimum thickness of the surrounding wall structure of a building for nursing sows by using heat insulation from straw and different fuel (pellets and dry wood) for heating the building. To achieve the purpose, 6 models of walls made of environmentally friendly panels with wooden skeleton, thermal insulation from pressed straw bales and double-sided clay plaster have been developed, such that the accepted thickness of the thermal insulation layer is respectively: 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 cm. The construction value of the finished wall is determined by adding the value of the construction and assembly works on the construction site to the value of the preparation of the panels (in a workshop), including the payment of labor, materials and additional costs for the implementation of clay plaster and waterproofing membrane. The annual energy losses through 1 m2 of the enclosing wall and the annual heat insulation costs (as a sum of annual energy cost and the depreciation deductions) are determined through the described methodology and verification of condensation of water vapor on the inner surface of the wall was carried out. The results of the research show that by using pellets for fuel, the optimal thickness of the thermal insulation is 45 cm, and by using dry wood it is 35, 40 and 45 cm. All studied models of enclosing straw wall meet the hygienic requirements for preventing condensation on their inner surfaces.

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Belayachi, Naima, Marwen Bouasker, Dashnor Hoxha, and Muzahim Al-Mukhtar. "Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of an Innovant Straw Lime Composite for Thermal Insulation Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 390 (August 2013): 542–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.390.542.

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This paper presents an investigation on the use of new light-weight construction material, composed of lime, water and cereal straw fiber. Two types of fibers were used: wheat and barley straw. The influence of some parameters such as fiber types, binder types (lime and/ or lime-cement), fiber to binder ratio (F/B) and Water to Binder ratio (W/B) on the mechanical and thermal properties is studied. Compressive strength, thermal conductivity and density of the material were investigated. The results indicated that the thermal conductivity of the straw-lime composites decreased with increasing straw content. The result comparisons also revealed that the composite reinforced by wheat straw fibres has the highest compressive strength.

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Alaa Ahmad Zohir Kattan, Nada Altonji, Fatima Alsaleh, Alaa Ahmad Zohir Kattan, Nada Altonji, Fatima Alsaleh. "The effect of adding natural wastes on some properties of gypsum: تأثير إضافة المخلفات الطبيعية على بعض خواص الجبس." Journal of engineering sciences and information technology 5, no. 5 (December 30, 2021): 77–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.l170621.

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In this research, the effect of adding some natural wastes to gypsum was studied in order to use them as thermal insulation materials in buildings and to recycle these wastes. Thermal insulation panels were installed from gypsum (as a basic material) and natural wastes (sawdust, peanut shells, wheat straw, cottonwood) at percentages (10, 15, 20) %, and some of their mechanical and physical properties, and their thermal conductivity were studied. The results indicated an improvement in some properties of gypsum after adding wastes, and obtaining thermal building materials that have better properties than the reference sample (gypsum) in some cases. Rough sawdust samples (SdR15, SdR20) achieved the highest compressive strength exceeding (4MPa). The flexural strength was for peanut shells samples (P10:1.76 MPa, P15:1.8 MPa), while the most efficient samples as thermal insulation were ground straw and smooth sawdust samples (SdS15, SdS20, GSt15, GSt20) where their thermal conductivity was (0.194-0.141W/m.K), which makes it acceptable according to the Syrian thermal insulation code.

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Raamets, Jane, Laura Lokko, Aime Ruus, Targo Kalamees, and Karin Muoni. "Assessment of moisture and mould of hempcrete and straw panels." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012194.

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Abstract At present buildings contribute a third of total greenhouse gas emissions. There is a need for sustainable solutions and natural materials, which offer low-embodied energy and their low impact has a promising potential as construction alternatives. Hempcrete is a lightweight insulation material, which provides natural, airtight, and vapor-permeable insulation. Straw panels are also natural construction materials and they consist of extruded wheat straw and are surrounded with recycled paper on all sides. There are some risks, which can be associated with the use of such materials - infestation, biological degradation, presence of moisture, and structural degradation. The aim of the study is to determine the critical moisture level and mould resistance of hempcrete and straw panels. The results of this study are valuable to both scientists and structural engineers.

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Dance, Stephen, and Paul Herwin. "Straw bale sound insulation: Blowing away the chaff." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no. 5 (May 2013): 3226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4805125.

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Norford, L. K., L. R. Glicksman, H. S. Harvey, and J. A. Charlson. "Development of Low-Cost Wheat-Straw Insulation Board." HVAC&R Research 5, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10789669.1999.10391236.

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Janowska-Renkas, Elżbieta, Anna Król, Sławomir Pochwała, Dawid Pałubski, Małgorzata Adamska, and Igor Klementowski. "The Fire Resistance and Heat Conductivity of Natural Construction Material Based on Straw and Numerical Simulation of Building Energy Demand." Energies 15, no. 3 (February 4, 2022): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031155.

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The motivation for research to help address climate change is a continuous process of searching for eco-friendly materials in the building industry, which will allow minimizing the negative impact of this sector on the environment. The main objective of the paper is to assess the properties of a natural resource such as straw as an eco-friendly material in various variants for use in low-energy demand construction. The research results will fill the knowledge gap in the field of numerical analyses of the energy demand of straw material buildings based on the results of the conducted laboratory tests. A test of a heat transfer coefficient was conducted with different orientation of straw stalks. Then, samples were subject to a fire resistance test to determine material behavior at 1000 °C. During the fire resistance test, the clay-based plaster was ‘burnt out’, which hardened its structure, effectively preventing flames from reaching the insulation layers in the form of straw stalks. As a result of shrinkage (no plaster mesh), the plaster cracked and turned brick-red in color. The insulation layer of straw under the plaster was charred to a depth of 3.0 mm due to the high temperature. However, when the torch was turned off, no fire spread was observed in any layer of the sample. The 3D models of the buildings were created for different eco-friendly materials applied to make external walls. The results of numerical simulation allowed determining the amount of final energy needed to heat the designed building at the level of 26.38 (kWh/m2·year). Conclusions of the above-mentioned tests indicate very good thermal insulating properties determined using the lambda coefficient of 0.069 (W/m·K) and the possible application of straw bales as an alternative for conventional construction. Research has proven that it is possible to construct a building with low energy requirements using natural, easily available waste and completely biodegradable material.

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Uitterhaegen, Evelien, Laurent Labonne, Othmane Merah, Thierry Talou, Stéphane Ballas, Thierry Véronèse, and Philippe Evon. "Innovative Insulating Materials from Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Straw for Building Applications." Journal of Agricultural Studies 8, no. 4 (June 29, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i4.17077.

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Straw represents 60-80% of the aerial part of the coriander plant. Because of the increasing demand for vegetable oil from fruits for food, cosmetics or the chemical industry, the availability of straw will grow strongly in the future. Its high lignocellulose content (62%) makes this crop by-product an interesting raw material for producing bio-based building materials. Bulk materials can be obtained by refining the straw through twin-screw extrusion in the presence of water. The fiber aspect ratio of refined straw can be varied (22.9-26.5) by applying different liquid/solid ratios (0.4-1.0), leading to a variation in the tapped density of the resulting bulk material (110-61 kg/m3). For the lowest density, thermal conductivity is 47.3 mW/(m.K). Twin-screw refining can also be conducted from an aqueous borax solution. Refined straw thus becomes fire-proofed, making it usable as loose fill in housing. Insulation blocks of medium density, associating straw and a starch-based binder, can also be produced through compression molding. With a density of 155 kg/m3 and a thermal conductivity of 55.6 mW/(m.K), the optimal cohesive blocks (7.5 mm milled straw and 15% binder), cold-pressed at 87 kPa for 30 s, are promising alternatives for the thermal insulation of buildings (e.g., filling of walls, interior partitions, etc.).

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Horváthová, Michael, and Linda Makovická Osvaldová. "TESTING OF NATURAL INSULATION MATERIALS USING A CONICAL CALORIMETER." Proceedings of CBU in Natural Sciences and ICT 1 (November 16, 2020): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/pns.v1.115.

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This paper examines three types of natural insulation materials, such as fiberboard, hemp and straw, from the point of view of fire safety. Cellulose-based materials allow a wide range of applications when used for insulation and weatherproofing of buildings, in particular floors, roofs, ceilings, attics, sound barriers, etc. The use of these materials is increasing in ecological constructions as well as for weatherproofing wood-based structures. In terms of fire safety requirements, the question is: Which insulating material is the safest in terms of fire propagation? The article focuses on natural products used as external insulation systems which are covered by a facade plaster. Each type of insulation is briefly described in terms of its composition, use, and production process. We describe the process of preparation of samples as well as the testing and measurement procedures. Three tests were carried out for each type of material. For a more objective evaluation, results were averaged. The results of the cone calorimeter were used to obtain data for comparison. The aim is to clarify the behavior of the natural insulating material with regard to the heat release rate, ignition time, burning duration, and maximum heat release rate. These are the essential parameters for comparison. The values were compared to determine the safest material from the point of view of fire safety.

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Li, Xue Ping. "Applied Research on Straw Bale in Northwest Rural Residential Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3815–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3815.

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The straw bale is a kind of eco-energy saving building material. Straw bale construction is a building which it use straw bales as the wall materials. Based on the investigation of rural residential buildings status, climatic characteristics and energy consumption status in northwest rural areas, raw material supply, construction cost and construction technology of straw bale building, thermal insulation and fire resistance properties of straw bale, environmental protection characteristic and so on were analyzed, it could make people aware of the straw bale can be used as an ideal material instead of solid clay brick in northwest rural residential building, and it could be extensive used and popularized in rural residential building.

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Teslík, Jiří, Naďa Zdražilová, and Martina Vodičková. "Airtightness and Acoustic Properties of Family House from Straw." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 1215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.1215.

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With regard to the current European trends in civil engineering and sustainability are still explored new building materials. In this case it is ideal to use natural materials such as straw. Its use as a building material is both ecological and economical. Excellent thermal insulation properties of straw have been known for centuries but the aim of this paper and the measurements were also demonstrate air-tightness and acoustic properties of a straw houses in the Czech Republic.

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He, Quan, Da Long Liu, and Qun Zhang. "Indoor Thermal Environments Investigation in Winter of Rural Houses in Yinchuan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.289.

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The main considerations of building some new-type rural houses in Yinchuan are to improve indoor thermal environment and to reduce heating energy consumption by passive solar use and high-insulation envelope. Two houses were measured, a traditional one with adobe walls and a wooden roof, and a newly-built one with straw-bale insulation. Results show: (1) the linear layout of the traditional house leads to a higher heating energy consumption than the new one with climatic buffers; (2) the new house with straw-bale bricks have better thermal insulation performance than the traditional one with adobe wall; (3) lacking thermal storage is one of the main causes of larger indoor temperature fluctuation in the new house; (4) as a traditional partial interval heating mode, the “Kang”(a bed-stove made of bricks or fired clay) in the bedroom uses energy efficiently and improves the indoor thermal comfort.

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Kuang, Ying, Lijun Chen, Junjun Zhai, Si Zhao, Qinjian Xiao, Kao Wu, Dongling Qiao, and Fatang Jiang. "Microstructure, Thermal Conductivity, and Flame Retardancy of Konjac Glucomannan Based Aerogels." Polymers 13, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13020258.

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With abundant renewable resources and good biodegradability, bio-based aerogels are considered as promising insulating materials for replacing the conventional petroleum-based foam. In this study, konjac glucomannan (KGM)-based aerogels were prepared as thermal insulation materials via a convenient sol–gel and freeze-drying progress with different content of plant polysaccharides, proteins, and wheat straw. The morphology, thermal conductivity, and flame retardancy of KGM-based aerogels were determined. The KGM-based aerogels showed a uniform three-dimensional porous microstructure. The addition of wheat straw could significantly reduce the pore size of aerogels due to its special multi-cavity structure. KGM-based aerogels showed low densities (0.0234–0.0559 g/cm−3), low thermal conductivities (0.04573–0.05127 W/mK), low peak heat release rate (PHRR, 46.7–165.5 W/g), and low total heat release (THR, 5.7–16.2 kJ/g). Compared to the conventional expanded polystyrene (EPS) and polyurethane (PU) foam, the maximum limiting oxygen index (LOI) of KGM-based aerogels increased by 24.09% and 47.59%, the lowest PHRR decreased by 79.37% and 94.26%, and the lowest THR decreased by 76.54% and 89.25%, respectively. The results demonstrated that the KGM-based aerogels had better performance on flame retardancy than PU and EPS, indicating high potential applications as heat insulation in the green advanced engineering field.

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El-Awadly, Radwa Amr, and Ahmed A. Abdel-Rehim. "Performance and Economical Analysis of Different Insulating Materials Used to Reduce the Heat Load of an Existing Residential Building." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 17 (February 26, 2021): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232015.2021.17.16.

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The energy consumption from the residential sector is an important element which has an impact on the total energy consumption in any country. The heating and air conditioning loads can be reduced through many means. Using thermal insulation in buildings does not only contribute in reducing the required air conditioning system size, but also in reducing the annual energy cost for the whole building. In this case, the energy saving varies according to the building type, the climatic conditions at which the building is located as well as the type of the insulating material used. In the present study, an existing single family house has been studied by applying two main solutions to insulate the walls and the roof using six different materials on the exterior walls that have the most heat gain, such as silica aerogel, polystyrene foam boards (XPS), spray cork, glass ceramic, cool coating enforced by phase change material (PCM), and straw boards. The study took place in El-Shorouk city, Egypt. The energy analysis was estimated by using TRNSYS simulation for the total internal house loads in summer season (June, July, and August) to be 13410 kW. The prototype house is about 300 m2 on two floors and a roof. The results showed that the aerogel has the best insulation followed by XPS then straw boards and glass ceramic which have efficiencies of 48.33%, 38.36%,36.46% and 34.38%. Because of its economical and environmental aspects, straw boards were selected to apply further investigations to indicate the relative efficiencies for the offered solution with the corresponding cost analysis.

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Hussein, Zakia, Taha Ashour, Mervat Khalil, Adel Bahnasawy, Samir Ali, Jutta Hollands, and Azra Korjenic. "Rice Straw and Flax Fiber Particleboards as a Product of Agricultural Waste: An Evaluation of Technical Properties." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (September 16, 2019): 3878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183878.

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Construction materials have a direct impact on the environment, on people, and their health. In addition, building insulation plays a decisive role in terms of energy consumption of buildings and regarding CO2-emissions over their whole life cycle. In order to achieve a holistic concept for green building worldwide, it is necessary to develop ecological insulating materials and to scientifically examine them in terms of their technical properties, as done with particleboards from agricultural waste presented in this article. This study aims to characterize the properties’ tensile and compressive strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), and elasticity (MOE) and thermal conductivity of particleboards affected by parameters, such as waste type (rice straw or flax shives), particleboard density, resin type, and content, as well as the use of treated rice straw. Particleboards made from flax shives had superior properties compared to the rice straw particles. The mechanical properties of the boards increase with an increasing resin content, except for the MOR and MOE, which decrease with an increasing resin content, and reach their peak value at a resin content of 10%.

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Saad Azzem, Lokmane, and Nadir Bellel. "Thermal and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Plaster Reinforced with Wheat Straw for Use as Insulating Materials in Building." Buildings 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2022): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081119.

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In this paper, a new material consisting of plaster and wheat straw was studied with the purpose of reducing energy consumption. The aim of this study is to test this new compound for use as an insulation material in buildings, where the samples were prepared by mixing wheat straw after grinding it in different proportions from 0% to 15%. On the other hand, the physico-chemical properties and thermal conductivity of the samples were experimentally investigated, and the time lag and energy savings for the samples were also studied. The results showed that the addition of wheat straw leads to an increase in the time lag and also to a decrease in the thermal conductivity, which leads to an improvement in the thermal resistance and energy savings. As well, fiber addition has no effect on the chemical composition of the matrix, as shown by FTIR and XRD analyses.The findings of the DSC and TGA analysis indicate that the inclusion of wheat straw fibers has an effect on the thermal characteristics of the matrix. This new biocomposite can be used as an additive to plaster to create environmentally friendly composite materials for thermal insulation in buildings.

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Abdulredha, Muhammad, Sadiq J. Baqir, and Sarah M. Ali. "The utilization of lignocellular bio-mass as green building thermal insulation material." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 877, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/877/1/012052.

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Abstract In new residential structures and green architecture, it is necessary to maintain the heat of the internal environment to an appropriate level throughout winter conditions with low electricity usage. This work is thus intended to produce environmentally acceptable isolation substances (organic material). Lignocellular biomass, which is also referred to as Poaceae common reed and Phragmites australis and straw, were used as organic material in this study. During testing of its performance under controlled settings, the insulating effectiveness of these organic compounds was assessed. The exploratory project comprises three forms of isolation: organic made from straw and reed, industrial isolation (fibreglass), and brickwork without insulation. An infrared sensor was used to calculate the quality of isolation. For each isolation situation, the temperature characteristic was produced. The findings show that fibreglass was equivalent to the effectiveness of the organic isolation. Furthermore, the efficiency difference was 0. 84 percent comparing the industrial and organic isolation substances, which shows that Lignocellusic Biomass is a viable environmental-friendly replacement to industrial isolation substances.

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Petrella, Andrea, Sabino De Gisi, Milvia Elena Di Clemente, Francesco Todaro, Ubaldo Ayr, Stefania Liuzzi, Magdalena Dobiszewska, and Michele Notarnicola. "Experimental Investigation on Environmentally Sustainable Cement Composites Based on Wheat Straw and Perlite." Materials 15, no. 2 (January 7, 2022): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15020453.

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Environmentally sustainable cement mortars containing wheat straw (Southern Italy, Apulia region) of different length and dosage and perlite beads as aggregates were prepared and characterised by rheological, thermal, acoustic, mechanical, optical and microstructural tests. A complete replacement of the conventional sand was carried out. Composites with bare straw (S), perlite (P), and with a mixture of inorganic and organic aggregates (P/S), were characterised and compared with the properties of conventional sand mortar. It was observed that the straw fresh composites showed a decrease in workability with fibre length decrease and with increase in straw volume, while the conglomerates with bare perlite, and with the aggregate mixture, showed similar consistency to the control. The thermal insulation of the straw mortars was extremely high compared to the sand reference (85–90%), as was the acoustic absorption, especially in the 500–1000 Hz range. These results were attributed to the high porosity of these composites and showed enhancement of these properties with decrease in straw length and increase in straw volume. The bare perlite sample showed the lowest thermal insulation and acoustic absorption, being less porous than the former composites, while intermediate values were obtained with the P/S samples. The mechanical performance of the straw composites increased with length of the fibres and decreased with fibre dosage. The addition of expanded perlite to the mixture produced mortars with an improvement in mechanical strength and negligible modification of thermal properties. Straw mortars showed discrete cracks after failure, without separation of the two parts of the specimens, due to the aggregate tensile strength which influenced the impact compression tests. Preliminary observations of the stability of the mortars showed that, more than one year from preparation, the conglomerates did not show detectable signs of degradation.

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Platt, Shawn, Daniel Maskell, Pete Walker, and Aurélie Laborel-Préneron. "Manufacture and characterisation of prototype straw bale insulation products." Construction and Building Materials 262 (November 2020): 120035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120035.

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Boyce, Bertie. "COMPARATIVE WINTER INSULATING VALUE OF SEVERAL SNOW DEPTHS, STRAW AND PLASTIC MULCHES." HortScience 26, no. 5 (May 1991): 481b—481. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.5.481b.

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Treatments, applied in one meter square wooden frames, were snow at 7.6, 15.2 and 30.5 cm deep, straw at 11 mT/ha, straw at 2.2 mT/ha, straw at 2.2 mT/ha covered with clear polyethylene, clear polyethylene and no mulches. The frames were covered during storms to exclude unwanted snow and keep mulching materials dry. Temperatures below the mulches were recorded throughout two winters. Temperatures under 30.5 cm of snow did not go below -3°C when exposed soil surface temperatures were -22°. Temperatures below 11 mT/ha of straw and 2.2 mT/ha straw plus polyethylene were comparable to temperatures below 15.2 cm of snow. Straw at 2.2 mT/ha provided about the same protection as 7.6 cm of snow cover while clear polyethylene alone provided little insulation.

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Zhou, Chun Yan. "Application Research of Environmental Cost Analysis Method on Envelope Enclosure Design of Northern Rural House." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 772–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.772.

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Today, the global ecological environment is deteriorating and building's impact on the environment is more and more noticed by people. This paper introduces a environmental cost analysis method. It can effectively convert emissions of pollutants into environmental cost, and reflects environmental performance from the economic point of view. This paper take global warming as study represent of the environmental problems, and take rural houses’ wall of Harbin as research objects, analyzing emissions of the four wall structures in their whole life cycles, namely the traditional 490mm thick solid clay bricks wall, EPS exterior insulation composite wall, EPS sandwich insulation composite wall and straw brick wall. Results show that environmental cost of straw brick wall is lowest in whole life cycle, and environmental impact is the smallest.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Straw insulation'

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