Academic literature on the topic 'Straw insulation'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Straw insulation.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Straw insulation"
1
Teslík, Jiří, Jiri Labudek, Barbora Valová, and Martina Vodičková. "Settlement of Crushed Straw." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.55.
Full textAbstract:
This article is focused on an experimental measurement of settlement of blown insulation from crushed straw. Straw has appeared like building material in recent years. It is ecological and cheap building material which is required for sustainable construction. Straw is usually used in form of bales. These are generally used like thermal insulation filling the supporting structure. An alternative to straw bales can be crushed straw. Crushed straw is not used in building industry currently. Its thermal insulating properties and structure are appropriate to use it like blown or loose thermal insulation. The experimental measurement was necessary to verify application of crushed straw by blowing or bulk and to find out values of settlement. Results of this measurement are described in this article.
2
Nasser, Reem, M. A. Radwan, M. A.Sadek, and Hany A.Elazab. "Preparation of insulating material based on rice straw and inexpensive polymers for different roofs." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (September 5, 2018): 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14082.
Full textAbstract:
Fossil fuel saving is part of the 21th century goal. One of the largest sectors that consumes energy is the building sector since it consumes 40% of the total energy in Europe through heating and cooling. Thus, the need of minimizing the energy consumption played an important role in the development of building insulation materials. Selection of a proper material for building insulation differs according to the building surrounding climate and the properties required in the material. Building climate determines the insulating material location whether its internal or external while properties can differ according to many parameters that affect the material quality such as thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, waterproofing, resistance to fire and mechanical properties. Another factor is newly considered which doesn’t affect the product quality but has an influence in the energy consumption is the environmental impact. The aim of the research is considering most of the above factors through making a composite of rice straw particles bounded by a polymer to produce roof insulations. The utilization of wastes such as rice straw to produce a high quality product with the least price is the research main objective. The polymers selected for research are the unsaturated polyester resin and the polyurethane foam polymers. The polyester is not recently applied for insulation on comparison with the polyurethane foam which is dominant through the global market. At the end of the research, satisfying results have been achieved to nominate the 80% polyurethane foam and 20% rice straw composite as the best sample among all of the prepared samples. The other samples include polyester and rice straw composite with different compositions. The foam and straw sample have the best insulation with value of 0.1627 W/m oC. The compression strength has also been improved on addition of rice straw to the polyurethane foam by three times the initial value. Also, the density measurement revealed a very light composite which is suitable for the construction field requirements. This results in reducing the cost by 28.35%. On contrast, polyester samples which have very high density and higher K factor are not so efficient, so it is suggested that they can be applied at rural regions due to their low cost.
3
Bertorello, Anna Rita. "A Technological Analysis Applied to Existing Building Insulated with Straw." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 719–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.719.
Full textAbstract:
The current building culture requires a more careful and sensitive attention to environmental problems and the necessity to reduce the building energy requirement using sustainable products and solutions (eg. re-use of agricultural by-products). This research concerns the study of insulating existing buildings with straw (internal and external insulation) realized in Europe and in New Mexico. The case studies are analyzed with a technological point of view through the dissection of the insulation build-up to understand the construction phases during its insulation. The analysis of each case regards three building parts: the upper enclosure, the vertical enclosure and the attachment between the vertical enclosure and the ground. The application of this working method allows the analysis and understanding of how different elements are connected to each other, the possible finishing solutions and the relationship between the straw insulation and the existing building. This research analyzes different examples in order to develop a possible improved solution through the critical analysis of different construction methods used in the buildings. It is possible to achieve a classification methods of straw insulation found in the study cases and analyze every single part in the insulation system.
4
Vėjelienė, Jolanta, and Albinas Gailius. "ANALYSIS OF THERMAL INSULATION FROM RENEWABLE RESOURCES." Engineering Structures and Technologies 2, no. 2 (June 30, 2010): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/skt.2010.09.
Full textAbstract:
One of the essential requirements for buildings is energy saving and heat retention. About 40% of the total energy consumed in the European Union is used for heating of buildings. Most of the energy consumed in buildings is used for heating during the cold period and cooling during the warm period. A significant part of energy can be saved due to suitable insulation of buildings. More efficient energy saving can be ensured by using heat-insulating materials produced from renewable resources. In Lithuania straw is often used for making thermal insulation obtained with a thermal conductivity of 0.040 W/(mK). Straw thermal conductivity under different conditions as well as possibilities to use it for producing heat-insulating materials are analysed in the work.
5
Zhang, Lin, Fu Sheng Liu, Ji Yong Song, Yan Bin Zhang, and Gang Gang Dong. "Mechanical Strength and Microstructure Analysis of Cementitious Wheat Straw Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 766–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.766.
Full textAbstract:
Wheat straw alkali treatment has impacts on the strength of cement mortar and glazed hollow beads insulation mortar. The results show that the bending strength and bending strength of cement mortar specimen with 4% wheat straw are respectively 58.3% and 40.9% of the benchmark specimen, but bending-press ratio of the latter is 1.42 times of the former. The SEM images reflect the straws influences on the cement hydrate morphology, status and the influence of the number on cement mortar and glazed hollow beads insulation mortar. Compared with the latter, the former C-S-H gel is loose fibrous, failure to form a good network. In the thermal insulation mortar consistency and stratification of the same circumstances, with straw dosage increased, strength first increases, then declining. And folding pressure than in straw dosage is less than 24% more ideal. The SEM pictures show that network C-S-H gel decrease and loose fibrous C-S-H gel increased. At the same time, AFt gradually become attenuate and curly.
6
Medgyasszay, Péter. "Additional Insulation of Detached Dwelling Houses with Straw-Bale Elements." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.243.
Full textAbstract:
The paper introduces the planning and construction experiences and development ideas of additional insulation of walls made from straw-bale. The energetic refurbishment of existing building is an important priority in the action plan of the EU dealing with the energy efficiency. The additional insulation of walls reduces significantly the energy demand of building but the effectiveness and the thickness of the insulation-material has economic and environmental limits. According to our previous research we introduced that the additional insulation of walls made from straw has significant advantages.The application of straw-bale insulation has large potential in the case of detached dwelling houses in rural environment. The paper introduces through two ready buildings the most important negative and positive experiences of straw-bale insulation. The paper also makes proposals for the development of the technology.
7
Cascone, Stefano, Renata Rapisarda, and Dario Cascone. "Physical Properties of Straw Bales as a Construction Material: A Review." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 19, 2019): 3388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123388.
Full textAbstract:
Straw bale buildings provide significant benefits in terms of costs, human health, and environmental sustainability. Several studies in different regions have underlined the remarkable properties of straw bales as insulating and construction material; however, to the authors’ knowledge, there are no reviews published on this topic. The main objective of this paper is to provide a better understanding of straw bale systems, focusing on durability and thermal and acoustic insulation properties. To this end, previous tests and studies on straw bale buildings around the world were reviewed, comparing their results, assessing where research currently stands, and identifying the aspects that need to be further investigated. Results from previous tests have highlighted their ability to achieve excellent living comfort and encouraged their use. Guidelines for the characteristics to be achieved during the baling process are now required. Combining straw bale walls with a render or any type of high-density layer can improve both the thermal and acoustic properties of straw bale constructions. Finally, a quantitative assessment of the most significant properties, such as thermal resistance and acoustic insulation, is necessary to reduce the gap between straw bales and traditional building materials.
8
Huang, Qun Yi, Feng Xiong, Kui Fan, and Yu Chuan He. "An Experimental Study on Thermal Insulation Performance of Straw Wire Aircraft Sandwich Panel." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 1307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.1307.
Full textAbstract:
Straw wire aircraft sandwich panel is a new type of composite slab which consist of straw insulation core lamped between two welded wire meshes. Diagonal shear connectors connect two wire meshes to form an integrated frame. The straw insulation core (also known as straw board) is prepared from cut straw agglutinated by magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC). In order to study thermal conductivity of straw board, multi-group models were quantitatively investigated by the CD－DR3030A thermal conductivity meter. Five parameters, including the water－cement ratio, cement content, straw gradation, straw length, wettability were considered in the test. The results show that the thermal conductivity of straw board samples is in the range of 0.08~0.12 w/m•k, which indicates that the straw board has a good thermal insulation property. And the water－cement ratio, cement content, straw gradation, straw length, wettability has remarkable effects on the thermal conductivity of straw board.
9
Wang, Lu, Yong Yang, Zhaofeng Chen, Yiyou Hong, Zhou Chen, and Jiankun Wu. "Preparation and Characterization of a Type of Green Vacuum Insulation Panel Prepared with Straw Core Material." Materials 13, no. 20 (October 16, 2020): 4604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204604.
Full textAbstract:
The Vacuum Insulation Panel (VIP), regarded as the most promising high-performance thermal insulation material, still has application limitations because of its high cost. In this paper, VIPs using natural straw as the core material are prepared. The fiber saturation point (FSP) is important in order to determine the optimum for the use of renewable straw materials as a potential VIP core. The microstructure of straw core material, together with the relationship between the moisture content, the diametral compression strength, and the thermal conductivity of as-prepared straw VIPs are investigated. Compression characteristics of straw core material and heat insulation mechanism within the straw VIP envelope enclosure are analyzed. Total thermal conductivity of a straw VIP is sensitive to both the inner pressure and the moisture content of straw core material. The optimum drying process for straw VIPs is heating the straw core material at a temperature of 120 ℃ for 60 min, with its center-of-panel value being about 3.8 mW/(m·K).
10
Beck, A., U. Heinemann, M. Reidinger, and J. Fricke. "Thermal Transport in Straw Insulation." Journal of Thermal Envelope and Building Science 27, no. 3 (January 2004): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097196304039831.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Straw insulation"
1
Harvey, Henry S. (Henry Stimson). "Development of straw insulation board : fabrication methods, structure, thermal performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66784.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-69).
Insulation board is being fabricated and tested for use in developing countries. It is made at a low density, in the area of 5 to 10 pounds per cubic foot (80 to 160 kilograms per cubic meter), and has good thermal properties for an air based insulation, meaning R3 to R4 per inch (Btu-in/ hr-ft2-°F)-, or a conductivity of .048 to .036 W/m-K. The initial effort is to produce a straw insulation board suitable for northern Pakistan, where we are studying the needs and construction of schools and houses. Some type of rigid insulation is needed, as opposed to loose fill, because the buildings have solid masonry walls without an air gap. These boards will be suitable for other developing countries as well The initial survey of possible methods included 1) containing the straw in panels with wire and battens, 2) pulping the straw, and 3) binding with adhesive. In this latter category starch, PVA and sodium silicate were tried as adhesive using uncut and shredded straw, with various methods of application such as spraying, foaming, and dipping, at various adhesive loading rates. Small samples were formed at a range of densities to test structural and thermal properties. This survey suggested that all three of these approaches can succeed structurally and thermally, but that competing economically with existing insulation board is difficult. For boards with binder, the adhesive efficiency was poor. In the final phase of the project, a batch of boards was made at ICI Polyurethane's North American research and development facility, using methane di-isocyanate as the binder. The boards, made at a range of densities and resin contents, and using straw with and without the fine particles, were tested thermally and structurally at MIT. Good mechanical properties were obtained at resin contents as low as 2% by weight. At densities of 8 and 10 pounds per cubic foot (pcf), these boards have R values of 3.7 and 3.45 per inch, respectively. The pressure required to compress the 10 pcf boards to 10% of their original thickness is approximately 15 pounds per square inch (psi), and the modulus of rupture in bending is in the range of 50 psi. Removing the fine particles from the straw improved board strength markedly. These boards at a density of 10 pcf and 2 to 4 % resin content have an estimated materials cost of 2 [cents] per insulating unit (R-ft2), substantially less than either the cost of the expanded polystyrene available in Pakistan, or the retail cost of any rigid board insulation sold in North America.
by Henry S. Harvey, Jr.
S.M.
2
Charlson, Joseph Arons. "Straw insulation materials to address heating fuel requirements, thermal comfort, and natural resource depletion in developing regions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65055.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1997."February 1997."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 252-253).
In modem society, major stresses are placed on the natural environment in an attempt to make the location comfortable for the human occupants. For many developing regions with cold winters such as northern Pakistan, new building construction has been driven by structural and economic criteria. Thermal comfort can be improved, heating fuel requirements can be reduced, and degradation of the natural environment can be mitigated by improving the thermal performance of these buildings. This thesis presents strong evidence for the benefits of thermal insulation and presents an optimal solution for producing that insulation in a sustainable and cost-competitive manner. Using Polymeric Methylene Diisocyanate as a binder, we were able to develop a formula for low density, structurally sound, straw based insulation board. The fabrication process involves the spraying of isocyanate onto an agricultural furnish of mixed fiber lengths in a rotating drum. The process appears to be one that could be used in developing regions. It is likely that this board can be manufactured well below the cost of competing insulation board products on a unit thermal resistance basis. Forty-one experimental boards were fabricated. The thermal, structural, and economic characteristics of these boards have been tested and analyzed. A formula has been developed for an optimized solution based on binder load, fiber size concentrations, density, and economic cost. The optimal boards meet or exceed all of our product design specifications. The optimal insulation placement scenarios for community-built school buildings are explored through the use of a dynamic building thermal modeling software, SERI-RES. The work described in this thesis provides a strong foundation for moving ahead and improving the thermal performance of the schools. Installation of insulation will improve thermal comfort in schools that continue to be unheated or under-heated. For those schools that are more fully heated, insulation will reduce fuel use at no penalty in thermal comfort. Improved thermal comfort will extend the use of schools in winter and payback periods are of reasonable duration, from two to four years for heated schools.
by Joseph Arons Charlson.
S.M.
3
Kováč, Michal. "Vývoj netradičních kompozitních systémů ETICS nové generace na bázi druhotných surovin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225903.
Full textAbstract:
This master’s thesis applies utilization of alternative raw materials in thermal insulation system of the ETICS of new generation for houses. The theoretical part dealt with the explanation of the ETICS and the selection of suitable raw material for his innovating. In the following practical part were used selected materials to create a new thermal insulation made of straw and binding materials of cement, casein glue, bicomponent fibers and mushroom mycelium. At the end have been applied the variants of base coat of clay and mineral screed on new thermal insulation, from which was selected the optimal variant. From optimal thermal insulation and suitable base coat was conducted proposal of final version of new ETICS.
4
Nikola, Maoduš. "Развој и примена биокомпозитног плочастог термоизолационог материјала на бази биомасе и мицелијума гљива." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=110931&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textAbstract:
Истраживање у оквиру докторске дисертације обухвата анализу могућности производње и примене биокомпозитних термоизолационих плоча заснованих на нуспроизводима пољопривредне производње и мицелијума гљиве буковаче као везивног средства. Циљеви истраживања су развој методе за производњу биокомпозитних термоизолационих материјала и утврђивање морфолошких, физичко-хемијских, механичких и хигротермичких својстава биокомпозита. У складу са резултатима истраживања и закључцима да је могуће произвести и користити биокомпозитни термоизолациони материјал заснован на биомаси и мицелијуму гљива изведена је анализа енергетске ефикасности и животног циклуса материјала. Резултати истраживања представљају значајну полазну основу за производњу и даље унапређење биокомпозитних термоизолационих материјала у грађевинарству, са позитивном оценом мицелијума гљива као везивног средства.Istraživanje u okviru doktorske disertacije obuhvata analizu mogućnosti proizvodnje i primene biokompozitnih termoizolacionih ploča zasnovanih na nusproizvodima poljoprivredne proizvodnje i micelijuma gljive bukovače kao vezivnog sredstva. Ciljevi istraživanja su razvoj metode za proizvodnju biokompozitnih termoizolacionih materijala i utvrđivanje morfoloških, fizičko-hemijskih, mehaničkih i higrotermičkih svojstava biokompozita. U skladu sa rezultatima istraživanja i zaključcima da je moguće proizvesti i koristiti biokompozitni termoizolacioni materijal zasnovan na biomasi i micelijumu gljiva izvedena je analiza energetske efikasnosti i životnog ciklusa materijala. Rezultati istraživanja predstavljaju značajnu polaznu osnovu za proizvodnju i dalje unapređenje biokompozitnih termoizolacionih materijala u građevinarstvu, sa pozitivnom ocenom micelijuma gljiva kao vezivnog sredstva.
Research in the thesis is focused on development and utilisation ofbiocomposite thermal insulation panels based on agricultural biomass andoyster mushroom mycelium as a binding agent. The goals of the research aredevelopment of production method of biocomposite thermal insulation panelsand determination of morphological, physical-chemical, mechanical andhygrothermal properties of the biocomposite. Energy efficiency and life cycleassessment were conducted in accordance with the research results andconclusions that it is possible to manufacture and use the biocompositethermal insulation panels based on biomass and mushroom mycelium. Theresearch results represent significant starting point for manufacturing andfurther improvement of biocomposite thermal insulation panels used in civilengineering and confirm the use of mycelium as a binding agent.
5
Baltrushevich, Mikita. "Thermal insulation materials containing reed fiber fille." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/6348.
Full textAbstract:
The most used insulating materials have advantageous technical characteristics
for construction, such as low cost, assuring to save fuel and energy resources. At
the same time, there are significant disadvantages such as: the combustibility of
a number of insulants; presence in the composition of harmful substances that
pollute the environment; the unsolved problem of utilization of thermal
insulation materials after use, as well as the high cost of energy for production.
Plant raw material is a significant reserve for the production of thermal
insulation materials in various regions of the world. Currently, in the countries
of Europe, special attention is paid to the use of plant waste in the technologies
for obtaining thermal insulation materials.
The results of practical experimental studies indicate the high efficiency of the
use of crop waste as a raw material for obtaining thermal insulation materials
with high thermal insulation characteristics.
In this regard, studies aimed at obtaining a new thermal insulation based on
plant raw materials, as well as the search for a new environmentally friendly
binder providing a decrease in the sorption moisture content of the insulation.
The purpose of the dissertation was to obtain environmentally friendly thermal
insulation materials based on vegetable raw materials of natural and agricultural
origin.
Compositions were developed of new thermal insulation materials based on a
mixture of crushed reed and straw, creating a new method for the introduction of
rosin into the aggregate mixture, which ensures even binder distribution,
regardless of the amount of thermal insulation material.
The electron microscopy of the reed and straw structure, revealed the
mechanisms that determine the physical properties of insulation.
The experimental data on the physical properties of thermal insulation slabs,
including average density, thermal conductivity coefficient and moisture
sorption, allowed to conclude that the developed compositions have
characteristics compatible with their application in construction.
Books on the topic "Straw insulation"
1
Gernot, Minke, ed. Building with earth: Design and technology of a sustainable architecture. Basel: Birkhauser-Publishers for Architecture, 2006.
Find full text
2
Hollis, Murray. Practical Straw Bale Building. CSIRO Publishing, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643092143.
Full textAbstract:
Building with straw bales is being embraced by amateurs and professionals for its versatility, comfort, environmental friendliness and high insulation. New methods should expand its growing worldwide popularity.
In Practical Straw Bale Building, Murray Hollis uses simple, easy to understand language to describe the established techniques of straw bale construction and ways in which they can be improved. He also presents a new straw bale construction system that has substantial benefits over current methods. This system incorporates a new tensioning system that replaces the use of fence strainers for tensioning the hold-down/compression wires and eliminates uneven tensioning on opposite sides of the wall. It also allows for fabricating wall modules on-site as horizontal modules that are then swung into the vertical wall position after fabrication. Aspects of structures other than walls are addressed only to the extent that they are relevant to the use of straw bales, e.g. issues such as types of floors, roof structures and methods of heating or cooling.
The innovative methods in this book will help to progress straw bale building technology and move it into the mainstream of the building industry.
3
Minke, Gernot. Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. De Gruyter, Inc., 2012.
Find full text
4
Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. Birkhauser, 2013.
Find full text
5
Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. Fourth and Revised Edition. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2021.
Find full text
6
Minke, Gernot. Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. Birkhäuser Basel, 2006.
Find full text
7
Minke, Gernot. Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2012.
Find full text
8
Minke, Gernot. Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2013.
Find full text
9
Minke, Gernot. Building with Earth: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. Fourth and Revised Edition. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2021.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Straw insulation"
1
Rooprai, Ranbir Singh, Vikrampreet Singh, and Talvinder Singh. "Experimental Study on Rice Straw-Based Thermal Insulation." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3132-0_1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Straw insulation"
1
Dance, Stephen, and Paul Herwin. "Straw bale sound insulation: Blowing away the chaff." In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4798962.
Full text
2
El Moussi, Youssef, Laurent Clerc, and Jean-Charles Benezet. "Study of the Impact of Rice Straw Particle Size on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Straw Lime Concretes." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.361.
Full textAbstract:
The use of bio-based concretes performed with lignocellulosic aggregates constitute an interesting solution for reducing the energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and CO2 generated by the building sector. Indeed, bio-based materials could be used as an alternative of traditional materials such as expended polystyrene and mineral resources (e.g. glass and rock wools) for insulation. Furthermore, these bio-based concretes are known for their interesting insulation properties, indeed they allow to enhance thermal properties of buildings and enables moisture management which lead to design efficient building materials. For this purpose, bio-based concrete using rice straw as aggregate are studied in this present work. The impact of the characteristics of rice straw particle (particle size distribution, bulk density, and water absorption capacity, etc.) on both the mechanical and thermal properties of the bio-based concrete are investigated. Five formulations of rice straw concrete are examined, compared and then classified in terms of insulation properties and mechanical properties. The assessments are based on the measurement of density and thermal conductivity. The variation of compressive strength in function of the characteristics (mean particle length) of rice straw particle are assessed and discussed. The investigation covers also the porosity and density. Tests are also carried out on agricultural by-products with a view to highlight their chemical, physical and structural proprieties. The results show that the use of large particles with low water absorption capacity induce lighter concretes with the density between 339 and 505 kg/m3 and lead to a high compressive strength with a high mechanical deformability. Furthermore, it appears that an increase in the average length of rice straw particle lead to decrease of thermal conductivity of bio-based concretes. It varies from 0.062 to 0.085 W/(m.K).
3
Bahou, Oumayma, Naima Belayachi, and Brahim Ismail. "Experimental Investigation of the Compatibility of Lime Coating with Insulation Straw Biocomposite." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.164.
Full textAbstract:
The use of bio-based composite as building materials is one of the innovative solutions for dealing with environmental disorders caused by the construction sector. Among these materials we find biocomposites based on vegetable aggregates, which have proven their effectiveness as insulating materials in numerous studies. Despite the growing interest in these materials and the recognition of their performance, their use remains hampered by the lack of implementation rules specific to these materials to move towards a control of their use and their durability affected by the climate and use conditions to which they will be exposed at the level of a building. The objective of this work is to study the compatibility of a protective coating with a block substrate of biocomposites based on cereal straw. It is in fact a mixture of vegetable aggregates (straw), a binder composed of lime and additives also obtained from a renewable source (Ismail et al., 2020). These additives (air-entraining agent, casein protein and a biopolymer) have been added to improve both the fibre-binder interface and the porosity of the binder. The use of these bio-based materials for external or internal thermal insulation of the building requires the application of a coating to protect them against climatic aggressions and to give them an aesthetic appearance. The lime-based coatings, air-entraining agent and casein protein selected for this study have been the subject of an experimental investigation (Brahim Ismail, 2020). In order to assess the compatibility of these coatings with the straw-based insulating material, we were interested in studying the adhesion between the biocomposite and the coating after aging cycles in accordance with the EN 1015-21 standard. The samples (biocomposite + coating) were subjected to two types of aging, one using water and the other using a saline solution of sodium sulphates (Na2SO4). The results of the bond tests after aging showed that the cohesive fracture (at the level of the substrate) is a pattern observed in all the studied systems. In Addition, It has been found that the coating to which a percentage of fine fibers has been added undergoes considerable degradation after aging with salt solution, demonstrating the need of an additional layer of outer coating without fibers in order to ensure the sustainability of the system.
4
PATEL, CHIRAGKUMAR M., and Nikhil Dhore. "An Efficient and Environment Friendly Bio-based Polyols Through Liquefaction: Liquefaction Temperature and Catalyst Concentration Optimization and Utilized for Rigid Polyurethane Foams." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/ginx2847.
Full textAbstract:
Aiming towards the liquefaction of paddy straw was accumulation as well as providing a technically viable route leading to preservation of the natural resources and environment, the paddy straw was chemically liquefied. Paddy straw were liquefied into bio-based polyol in the presence of castor oil and blend of castor and karanja oil as depolymerizing agent and p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst. Liquefied product was characterized by chemical as well as analytical techniques. The agricultural waste base paddy straw was eventually converted into polymeric precursor (polyol) monomer with nearly 80 to 95% yield by employing 2% catalyst concentration and at optimized temperature of 180 °C. Synthesized polyol can be utilized further in formulating high quality rigid polyurethane foams. The foams were characterized in terms of their physical, mechanical, thermal and morphological properties. All foams exhibit good compressive strengths and thermal stability. Thermal conductivity of foams varied between 0.012 and 0.023 Kcal/mh C, with the lowest being of foam from liquefied (LP), making it suitable for utilization as an insulation material.
5
Achour, Chafic, Naima Belayachi, and Brahim Ismail. "Experimental Analysis of the Behavior of Straw Biocomposite Exposed to High Temperature." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.156.
Full textAbstract:
In view of the climate emergency and the need for energy transition, the use of materials with low environmental impact based on plant co-products or from recycling is strongly encouraged. Biobased materials have been developed in recent years and have shown interesting performances, particularly for the thermal insulation of buildings. Nevertheless, their use is still hampered by the lack of rules for their use and control of their behaviour in normal or accidental conditions of use such as excess water or fire. In this work, the behaviour of biocomposites based on cereal straw exposed to high temperatures was studied. The objective is to evaluate the effect of this temperature increase on the mechanical strength of the material and its thermal properties using different heating scenarios. The biocomposites considered for this study were developed as part of the PEPITE project funded by the “Region Centre Val de Loire”. They are materials composed of two different binders: lime, and plaster, straw aggregates and additives (air entraining agent, casein protein and biopolymer). In order to simulate fire, two temperatures were chosen for the study 200°C and 210°C, using four different heating rates to study their impact on the behaviour of dry and wet conditions of biocomposites. The purpose of this tests is to examine whether the material retains its insulating properties and its buildability. The results showed that the use of additives had negative effects on the behaviour of the materials with respect to temperature increase. Their use accelerates the degradation and burning of biocomposites faster than for samples without additives. Plaster based composites show a better behavior to high temperature than lime-based composites. Nevertheless, lime composites have a higher strength than plasters. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of plaster is lower than that of lime. It should be noted that the heating rate has a significant impact on the behaviour of the material, the slower the rate, the more the material is degraded.
6
Pham, Kinh D., Kai Looijenga, Gene Wallis, and Thomas Heilig. "Track-to-Earth Potentials and Stray Current Monitoring on Portland TriMet MAX Light Rail System." In IEEE/ASME/ASCE 2008 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2008-63067.
Full textAbstract:
The track is insulated in a DC railway system. Even when the track is new, the insulation between track and earth is never ideal. The insulating capacity of the new track diminishes in the course of time due to ageing and dirt. The insulation can also be affected due to improper track construction. It is, therefore, necessary to monitor stray current activity to detect early insulation deficiencies to prevent any possible damage due to stray current corrosion of metal objects such as underground utility pipelines or building reinforcements. One approach to monitoring stray current activities is through the measurement of track-to-earth potentials. Dynamic stray current effects can normally be identified by fluctuations in the track-to-earth potentials with time. This paper describes the Siemens SITRAS SMS stray current monitoring system used on the Portland IMAX Light Rail extension. The SITRAS SMS system consists of a central evaluation PC located at TriMet Systems Engineering Office with track-to-earth voltage sensors installed at each of the six traction power substations on the IMAX line rail extension. The sensors and the PC are connected to each other through an ETHERNET network. The measured data are stored and archived in three different stages: instantaneous, short-term, and long term average values. This paper will present and analyze the data colleted on the IMAX line rail extension. Basic stray current modeling and analysis will also be discussed.
7
ŠADZEVIČIUS, Raimondas, Vincas GURSKIS, and Dainius RAMUKEVIČIUS. "SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS FROM STRAW PANELS." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.012.
Full textAbstract:
Sustainable (environmentally friendly) modern construction is not limited only to use of natural and environmentally friendly materials. The concept of the construction is an important factor and that is applied to local materials, especially if they come from renewable sources. The sustainable (environmentally friendly) building principles, methods of construction from straw, the essential building requirements for construction from straw are discussed in the article. Straw as a building material used for a very long time, but this usage is often associated with certain mistrust, fears: the building will burn, the mice, rats are attacking, etc. Straw building uses raw materials which are agricultural waste. Buildings constructed from straw decompose in the end of their lifecycle and the construction waste in the area of construction is biodegradable, consequently, it is not necessary to take them away to a landfill. The evaluation of the global and Lithuanian experience of using straw and the structures in which straw are used shows, that the essential requirements can be provided if the straw and timber-framed buildings with straw as a heat insulating material are constructed properly, they use to meet the essential requirements according to the Law on Construction and the European Council and Parliament Regulation No 305/2011.
8
Ben-Alon, Lola, Vivian Loftness, Kent A. Harries, and Erica Cochran Hameen. "Overcoming the Perceptual Gap: Worldwide Perceived Comfort Survey of Earthen Building Experts and Homeowners." In 4th International Conference on Bio-Based Building Materials. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/cta.1.521.
Full textAbstract:
Earthen building materials are a critical future for sustainable construction because they are locally available, minimally processed, and waste-free. However, despite their advantages, earthen materials still face challenges for comprehensive implementation. First, their technical data vary significantly, making it challenging to quantify their true performance for different climates and environmental contexts. Second, people mistakenly perceive these materials as low-tech and poor in their performance. Lastly, building codes and standards do not comprehensively represent these materials worldwide. This work identifies perceptual barriers that hold back the broader implementation of earthen materials in order to ascertain possible solutions and assess the performance of earthen buildings and perceived comfort among primary resources such as practicing professionals and people who live in earthen houses. The results of an online survey of 126 earthen building experts and homeowners are presented, providing important insights regarding a range of barriers to, and motivating factors for, the implementation of earthen materials, as well as design and thermal performance aspects of existing earthen homes. The results of the surveys show that, of the various earthen building techniques, light straw clay requires the lowest maintenance, and construction of adobe and/or clay plaster encountered the least barriers to implementation. The energy performance of existing earthen homes show that all types of earthen materials reduce the need for cooling, in all climate zones. Insulation over earthen walls was shown to increase occupants’ perceived comfort levels, but only slightly. Additional results provide significant recommendations for future research on thermal performance and comfort guidelines for earthen structures. This study contributes to the development of environmental and policy measures that could be used by policymakers by synthesizing technical and environmental data and by identifying means of improving the perception of natural building.
9
Al Salemi, Ebrahim Salem, Saleh Salem Al Ameri, Ajiv Mohan Nair, Humaid Musabah Al Ali, Mario Jr Javier Zantua, and Mohamed Ibrahim Ebaid. "Integrity Challenges Associated with Stray Current Corrosion Across Monolithic IJ's and Resolutions." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207915-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Corrosion and subsequent failures is one of the main factors affecting uninterrupted operations of Oil & Gas Industries. Pipelines are considered as most convenient means of crude and gas transportation in Oil & Gas Industry. Buried pipelines generally made of low carbon steel material are protected externally by coating and applying impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP). Monitoring and maintaining adequate level of Cathodic Protection (CP) for such pipelines remains challenging for corrosion engineers due to increased level of field congestion, complexity in accurate current mapping and mitigation of corrosion phenomena. Failure of pipelines due to corrosion can be catastrophic with following consequences: Loss of containment fluid and thereby probable fatalityDamage to asset/company reputationSafety and Environment (Fire, Toxic gases and Oil Spill)Resource and downtime cost impact Isolation joints IJ's are designed with very high insulating material at mating areas and installed on pipelines by welding to avoid loss of Cathodic Protection (CP) current. Due to high electrical insulation, a potential difference is formed across of IJ's due to applied CP current and stray currents. In upstream Oil & Gas Industry, multiphase crude transported via pipeline will have certain percentage of water and will induce an internal conductive path across the IJs resulting in ionic current discharge at anodic areas within internal surface. This study focuses on factors contributing to such internal stray current corrosion, limitation in monitoring methodology and mitigation programs. The study concludes with recommendations such as design modifications, improvement in internal lining properties and improved installation guidelines. The study practically illustrates effectiveness of combined resistive bonding and zinc earthing cells installation for controlling stray current propagation in order to reduce the corrosion rate so as to maintain Integrity of pipelines.
10
Dalzhonak, Andrei, and Aliaksandr Bakatovich. "Wall blocks based on the aggregates from plant wastes." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.037.
Full textAbstract:
The article considers the possibility of using agricultural waste in the development of new building materials in the form of wall blocks. When selecting the compositions, the ideal fractions and ratios of straw to flax were determined, providing the forming of the densest frame of coarse and fine aggregates. Cement and lime were used as a binder. The effect of humidity on the durability and thermal conductivity of straw wall blocks and straw flax boon blocks were investigated. The conditions for the possible occurrence of mold on the block surface of aggregates were studied. According to the results of full-scale tests, the obtained dependencies of the temperature distribution during the coldest period of the winter season were analyzed and the high insulating ability of wall blocks was confirmed. The dependencies of the distribution of humidity over the thickness of the wall blocks after the end of the winter season testing operations were revealed. As a result of the research, a solution for the rational use of plant waste building wall blocks was proposed. The blocks can be applied to the construction of load-bearing and nonload-bearing walls in one-story buildings and multi-story frame construction when filling exterior wall openings.
Reports on the topic "Straw insulation"
1
Willi, Joseph, Keith Stakes, Jack Regan, and Robin Zevotek. Evaluation of Ventilation-Controlled Fires in L-Shaped Training Props. UL's Firefighter Safety Research Institute, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/mijj9867.
Full textAbstract:
Investigations of recent firefighter line of duty deaths caused by rapid fire progression have highlighted a deficiency in firefighters’ understanding of how certain tactics affect the fire dynamics of ventilation-controlled fires. Many fires are in a ventilation-limited, decay state by the time firefighters arrive at the scene, meaning that introducing additional ventilation to the environment has the potential to cause rapid and intense fire growth. To more effectively teach firefighters about the potential effects of ventilation on a compartment fire, ventilation-controlled fires should be gener- ated during training. Safely creating such fires while maintaining compliance with NFPA 1403: Standard on Live-Fire Training Evolutions allows instructors to educate students on this important principle of fire dynamics in the training environment. Structures utilized for live-fire training have evolved from typical concrete burn buildings to now include smaller purpose-built props, like those constructed from steel shipping containers or wood and gypsum board. Such props have been embraced by organizations due to their cost-effectiveness and potential to improve fire behavior training. Obtaining a thorough understanding of the capa- bilities and limitations of such props is critical for instructors to convey accurate messages during training and properly prepare firefighters for scenarios they’ll encounter in the field. Experiments were conducted to quantify the fire environment in L-shaped props with different wall constructions. One prop had an interior wall lining of gypsum board over wood studs and fiberglass insulation. The two other props were constructed from metal shipping containers with corrugated steel walls; one had ceilings and walls comprised solely of the corrugated steel, while the other had ceilings and walls comprised of rolled steel sheeting over mineral wool insulation with the corrugated steel wall as its backing. Three fuel packages were compared between the props: one contained furnishings mainly composed of synthetic materials and foam plastics; another contained wooden pallets and straw; and the third contained wooden pallets, straw, and oriented strand board (OSB). A stochastic approach was used to compare data between replicate tests and quantify the repeatability of the different props and fuel packages, all of which were deemed sufficiently repeatable. Comparisons of data between the three props revealed that thermal conditions between experiments in the two metal props were indistinguishable, suggesting that the additional layer of insulation did not significantly alter the fire environment. Additionally, thermal conditions in the gypsum-lined prop were more severe than those in the metal props. The effects of ventilation changes on fire conditions were also analyzed across various prop and fuel load combinations. Lastly, the response of the thermal environment in each prop during interior suppression was evaluated, and the results implied that the thermal exposure to the firefighter was more severe in the metal props than the gypsum prop for a brief period following the start of suppression.
2
Fuchs, Marcel, Jerry Hatfield, Amos Hadas, and Rami Keren. Reducing Evaporation from Cultivated Soils by Mulching with Crop Residues and Stabilized Soil Aggregates. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568086.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Field and laboratory studies of insulating properties of mulches show that the changes they produce on the heat balance and the evaporation depend not only on the intrinsic characteristics of the material but also on the structure of air flow in boundary layer. Field measurements of the radiation balance of corn residue showed a decrease of reflectivity from 0.2 to 0.17 from fall to spring. The aerodynamic properties of the atmospheric surface layer were turbulent, with typical roughness length of 12 to 24 mm. Evaporation from corn residue covered soils in climate chambers simulating the diurnal course of temperature in the field were up to 60% less than bare soil. Wind tunnel studies showed that turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer added a convective component to the transport of water vapor and heat through the mulches. The decreasing the porosity of the mulch diminished this effect. Factors increasing the resistance to vapor flow lowering the effect of wind. The behavior of wheat straw and stabilized soil aggregates mulches were similar, but the resistance to water of soil aggregate layer with diameter less than 2 mm were very large, close to the values expected from molecular diffusion.