Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stratospheric ozone depletion

Academic literature on the topic 'Stratospheric ozone depletion'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Stratospheric ozone depletion"

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Rowland, F. Sherwood. "Stratospheric ozone depletion." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 361, no. 1469 (February 21, 2006): 769–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1783.

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Solar ultraviolet radiation creates an ozone layer in the atmosphere which in turn completely absorbs the most energetic fraction of this radiation. This process both warms the air, creating the stratosphere between 15 and 50 km altitude, and protects the biological activities at the Earth's surface from this damaging radiation. In the last half-century, the chemical mechanisms operating within the ozone layer have been shown to include very efficient catalytic chain reactions involving the chemical species HO, HO 2 , NO, NO 2 , Cl and ClO. The NO X and ClO X chains involve the emission at Earth's surface of stable molecules in very low concentration (N 2 O, CCl 2 F 2 , CCl 3 F, etc.) which wander in the atmosphere for as long as a century before absorbing ultraviolet radiation and decomposing to create NO and Cl in the middle of the stratospheric ozone layer. The growing emissions of synthetic chlorofluorocarbon molecules cause a significant diminution in the ozone content of the stratosphere, with the result that more solar ultraviolet-B radiation (290–320 nm wavelength) reaches the surface. This ozone loss occurs in the temperate zone latitudes in all seasons, and especially drastically since the early 1980s in the south polar springtime—the ‘Antarctic ozone hole’. The chemical reactions causing this ozone depletion are primarily based on atomic Cl and ClO, the product of its reaction with ozone. The further manufacture of chlorofluorocarbons has been banned by the 1992 revisions of the 1987 Montreal Protocol of the United Nations. Atmospheric measurements have confirmed that the Protocol has been very successful in reducing further emissions of these molecules. Recovery of the stratosphere to the ozone conditions of the 1950s will occur slowly over the rest of the twenty-first century because of the long lifetime of the precursor molecules.
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Zhou, Lingyu, Yan Xia, and Chuanfeng Zhao. "Influence of Stratospheric Ozone Changes on Stratospheric Temperature Trends in Recent Decades." Remote Sensing 14, no. 21 (October 26, 2022): 5364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14215364.

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Associated with the recovery of stratospheric ozone, stratospheric cooling has decelerated since the late 1990s. This study investigates the contribution of ozone changes to the long-term stratospheric temperature trends in recent decades using satellite observations and model simulations. Observational analysis shows that total column ozone experienced little depletion in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and weak recovery in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) in the period 1998–2020. It is found that the cease of stratospheric ozone depletion has reduced the stratospheric cooling from 1998 onwards, especially in the summer hemisphere. The correlation analysis indicates that the lower-stratospheric temperature is primarily regulated by ozone changes. The ozone recovery in the SH is associated with the weak warming in the lower stratosphere in the period 1998–2020 in summer. The impact of ozone changes is further isolated in the ozone-only experiments from CMIP6. We find that ozone depletion results in significant cooling in the summer hemisphere in the period 1979–1997, especially in the upper and lower stratosphere, while ozone recovery leads to significant warming in the summer hemisphere in the period 1998–2020 in the upper stratosphere. Our results also suggest that the wave-mean flow interactions associated with stratospheric ozone variations may play an important role in regulating the strength of polar vortex in winter.
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Rowland, S. F. "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion." Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 42, no. 1 (October 1991): 731–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pc.42.100191.003503.

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Redman, Jack C. "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion." American Journal of Dermatopathology 9, no. 5 (October 1987): 457–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000372-198710000-00016.

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Lloyd, S. A. "Stratospheric ozone depletion." Lancet 342, no. 8880 (November 1993): 1156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)92130-l.

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Wang, W., W. Tian, S. Dhomse, F. Xie, and J. Shu. "Stratospheric ozone depletion from future nitrous oxide increases." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 11 (November 12, 2013): 29447–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-29447-2013.

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Abstract. We have investigated the impact of assumed nitrous oxide (N2O) increases on stratospheric chemistry and dynamics by a series of idealized simulations. In a future cooler stratosphere the net yield of NOy from a changed N2O is known to decrease, but NOy can still be significantly increased by the increase of N2O. Results with a coupled chemistry-climate model (CCM) show that increases in N2O of 50%/100% between 2001 and 2050 result in more ozone destruction, causing a reduction in ozone mixing ratios of maximally 6%/10% in the middle stratosphere at around 10 hPa. This enhanced destruction could cause an ozone decline in the second half of this century in the middle stratosphere. However, the total ozone column still shows an increase in future decades, though the increase of 50%/100% in N2O caused a 2%/6% decrease in TCO compared with the reference simulation. N2O increases have significant effects on ozone trends at 20–10 hPa in the tropics and at northern high latitude, but have no significant effect on ozone trends in the Antarctic stratosphere. The ozone depletion potential for N2O in a future climate depends both on stratospheric temperature changes and tropospheric N2O changes, which have reversed effects on ozone in the middle and upper stratosphere. A 50% CO2 increase in conjunction with a 50% N2O increase cause significant ozone depletion in the middle stratosphere and lead to an increase of ozone in the upper stratosphere. Based on the multiple linear regression analysis and a series of sensitivity simulations, we find that the chemical effect of N2O increases dominates the ozone changes in the stratosphere while the dynamical and radiative effects of N2O increases are insignificant on average. However, the dynamical effect of N2O increases may cause large local changes in ozone mixing ratios, particularly, in the Southern Hemisphere lower stratosphere.
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Drake, Frances. "Stratospheric ozone depletion - an overview of the scientific debate." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 19, no. 1 (March 1995): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339501900101.

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For almost half a century it was widely believed that the photochemistry of the stratosphere and hence ozone distribution were well understoood. As observations revealed a gap between observed and predicted values it was recognized that a number of substances acted as catalysts thereby increasing the destruction of ozone and that humanity could augment those catalysts and affect the ozone layer. Initial concern focused on nitrogen oxides from the exhausts of supersonic transport, but attention switched in the mid-1970s to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Although the theory of anthropogenic ozone depletion by CFCs found widespread scientific support the perceived threat was minimized in particular by successive model predictions downgrading the amount of depletion. The appearance of the ozone hole over Antarctica in the mid-1980s reopened the debate as to whether such depletion was anthropogenic or natural in origin. It also highlighted the model's inadequate treatment of the processes occurring in the stratosphere and the importance of dynamics and radiative transfer in stratospheric ozone destruction. Scientific consensus again favours the anthropogenic depletion of the ozone layer. In conclusion it is considered that the degree of consensus outweighs the image of scientific uncertainty that is often portrayed in relation to the issue of stratospheric ozone depletion.
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Shindell, D. T., O. Pechony, A. Voulgarakis, G. Faluvegi, L. Nazarenko, J. F. Lamarque, K. Bowman, et al. "Interactive ozone and methane chemistry in GISS-E2 historical and future climate simulations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 9 (September 11, 2012): 23513–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-23513-2012.

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Abstract. The new generation GISS climate model includes fully interactive chemistry related to ozone in historical and future simulations, and interactive methane in future simulations. Evaluation of ozone, its tropospheric precursors, and methane shows that the model captures much of the large-scale spatial structure seen in recent observations. While the model is much improved compared with the previous chemistry-climate model, especially for ozone seasonality in the stratosphere, there is still slightly too rapid stratospheric circulation too little stratosphere-to-troposphere ozone flux in the Southern Hemisphere and an Antarctic ozone hole that is too large and persists too long quantitative metrics of spatial and temporal correlations with satellite datasets as well as spatial autocorrelation to examine transport and mixing are presented to document improvements in model skill and provide a benchmark for future evaluations. The difference in radiative forcing (RF) calculated using modeled tropospheric ozone versus tropospheric ozone observed by TES is only 0.016 W m−2. Historical 20th Century simulations show a steady increase in whole atmosphere ozone RF through 1970 after which there is a decrease through 2000 due to stratospheric ozone depletion. Ozone forcing increases in the future under RCP8.5 owing to a projected recovery of stratospheric ozone depletion and increases in methane, but decreases under other RCPs due to reductions in emissions of other ozone precursors. RF from methane is 0.05 to 0.18 W m−2 higher in our model calculations than in the RCP RF estimates. The surface temperature response to ozone through 1970 follows the increase in forcing due to tropospheric ozone. After that time, surface temperatures decrease as ozone RF declines due to stratospheric depletion. The stratospheric ozone depletion also induces substantial changes in surface winds and the Southern Ocean circulation, which may play a role in a slightly stronger response per unit forcing during later decades. Tropical precipitation shifts south during boreal summer from 1850 to 1970, but then shifts northward from 1970 to 2000, following upper tropospheric temperature gradients more strongly than those at the surface.
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Shindell, D. T., O. Pechony, A. Voulgarakis, G. Faluvegi, L. Nazarenko, J. F. Lamarque, K. Bowman, et al. "Interactive ozone and methane chemistry in GISS-E2 historical and future climate simulations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 5 (March 5, 2013): 2653–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-2653-2013.

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Abstract. The new generation GISS climate model includes fully interactive chemistry related to ozone in historical and future simulations, and interactive methane in future simulations. Evaluation of ozone, its tropospheric precursors, and methane shows that the model captures much of the large-scale spatial structure seen in recent observations. While the model is much improved compared with the previous chemistry-climate model, especially for ozone seasonality in the stratosphere, there is still slightly too rapid stratospheric circulation, too little stratosphere-to-troposphere ozone flux in the Southern Hemisphere and an Antarctic ozone hole that is too large and persists too long. Quantitative metrics of spatial and temporal correlations with satellite datasets as well as spatial autocorrelation to examine transport and mixing are presented to document improvements in model skill and provide a benchmark for future evaluations. The difference in radiative forcing (RF) calculated using modeled tropospheric ozone versus tropospheric ozone observed by TES is only 0.016 W m−2. Historical 20th Century simulations show a steady increase in whole atmosphere ozone RF through 1970 after which there is a decrease through 2000 due to stratospheric ozone depletion. Ozone forcing increases throughout the 21st century under RCP8.5 owing to a projected recovery of stratospheric ozone depletion and increases in methane, but decreases under RCP4.5 and 2.6 due to reductions in emissions of other ozone precursors. RF from methane is 0.05 to 0.18 W m−2 higher in our model calculations than in the RCP RF estimates. The surface temperature response to ozone through 1970 follows the increase in forcing due to tropospheric ozone. After that time, surface temperatures decrease as ozone RF declines due to stratospheric depletion. The stratospheric ozone depletion also induces substantial changes in surface winds and the Southern Ocean circulation, which may play a role in a slightly stronger response per unit forcing during later decades. Tropical precipitation shifts south during boreal summer from 1850 to 1970, but then shifts northward from 1970 to 2000, following upper tropospheric temperature gradients more strongly than those at the surface.
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Wang, W., W. Tian, S. Dhomse, F. Xie, J. Shu, and J. Austin. "Stratospheric ozone depletion from future nitrous oxide increases." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 23 (December 8, 2014): 12967–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12967-2014.

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Abstract. We have investigated the impact of the assumed nitrous oxide (N2O) increases on stratospheric chemistry and dynamics using a series of idealized simulations with a coupled chemistry-climate model (CCM). In a future cooler stratosphere the net yield of NOy from N2O is shown to decrease in a reference run following the IPCC A1B scenario, but NOy can still be significantly increased by extra increases of N2O over 2001–2050. Over the last decade of simulations, 50% increases in N2O result in a maximal 6% reduction in ozone mixing ratios in the middle stratosphere at around 10 hPa and an average 2% decrease in the total ozone column (TCO) compared with the control run. This enhanced destruction could cause an ozone decline in the first half of this century in the middle stratosphere around 10 hPa, while global TCO still shows an increase at the same time. The results from a multiple linear regression analysis and sensitivity simulations with different forcings show that the chemical effect of N2O increases dominates the N2O-induced ozone depletion in the stratosphere, while the dynamical and radiative effects of N2O increases are overall insignificant. The analysis of the results reveals that the ozone depleting potential of N2O varies with the time period and is influenced by the environmental conditions. For example, carbon dioxide (CO2) increases can strongly offset the ozone depletion effect of N2O.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stratospheric ozone depletion"

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Rae, Cameron Davies. "The downward influence of ozone depletion in the Arctic lower stratosphere." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271796.

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Severe ozone depletion in the polar lower stratosphere has been linked to significant changes in tropospheric circulation patterns in the both hemispheres. Observed Southern Hemisphere circulation changes are easily reproduced in climate models and may be achieved by either increasing ozone depleting substances in a chemistry-climate model(CCM) or by imposing observed ozone losses as a zonally-symmetric perturbation in a prescribed-ozone global circulation model (GCM). In the Northern Hemisphere however, only the CCM method produces a circulation response in agreement with analysis of observations, while the GCM method is unable to produce any significant tropospheric circulation changes from imposing observed zonal-mean Arctic ozone losses. Confidence in a mechanistic link between Arctic stratospheric ozone change and changes in tropospheric circulation is greatly increased if the change can be reproduced using a GCM in addition to being reproducible in a CCM. This thesis demonstrates that by allowing ozone to vary along longitude, and by imposing ozone depletion during a realistic timeframe, the GCM method can produce circulation changes compatible with both the CCM method and observations. An equivalent-latitude coordinate allows the prescribed ozone field, and imposed ozone losses, to follow the polar vortex as it is systematically disturbed or displaced off the pole throughout the winter, producing a realistic circulation response in the troposphere in contrast to when ozone and its imposed losses are zonally-symmetric. Timing the imposed ozone depletion with the breakup of the polar vortex reveals that the appearance of the circulation response is very sensitive to the relative timing of these events and to the pre-existing dynamical state of the polar vortex. These results demonstrate that prescribing ozone as a zonally symmetric climatology within a GCM, as has been recent practice in the literature, is only representative of the Southern Hemisphere and is inappropriate for accurately representing processes within the Arctic stratosphere. Moreover this work demonstrates that these dynamically-evolving zonal asymmetries in ozone, which are not present in zonally-symmetric ozone schemes, play a crucial role in allowing perturbations in the Arctic stratosphere to influence the troposphere and surface conditions.
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Fish, Deborah Jane. "Measurement of stratospheric composition using ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360887.

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Vlachogiannis, Diamando. "The impact of solar proton events on stratospheric zone." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264972.

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Spencer, Darryl Day. "The importance of aluminum oxide aerosols to stratospheric ozone depletion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41371.

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Kim, Judy E. (Judy Eunhee). "Physical chemistry of acid systems relevant to stratospheric ozone depletion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/54401.

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Lipson, Jennifer Beth 1972. "Experimental kinetics studies of gas phase halogen reactions involved in stratospheric ozone depletion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85291.

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Mantz, Yves André 1974. "Theoretical and experimental studies of heterogeneous chemical processes leading to stratospheric ozone depletion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16806.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2002.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The microscopic chemical mechanisms of heterogeneous reactions involving HC on crystalline ice and nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) are of fundamental interest to physical chemists, because such reactions yield "active" chlorine compounds that are readily photolyzed to yield radicals responsible for the annual destruction of polar stratospheric ozone. Using molecular-orbital and density-functional-based computational methods that are extensively validated, partial dissociation of HCl is shown to be kinetically rapid and thermodynamically favorable on an extended ice Ih surface model with two dangling OH groups in close proximity to adsorbed HCl at a binding site on the surface. Additionally, surface disordering of this ice model is observed at polar stratospheric temperatures when HCl is adsorbed at this site. The partial dissociation of HCl on/atop ice will compete with other proposed mechanisms only if the local density of surface dangling OH groups is high. This alternative mechanism of chlorine activation is not important on NAT, based on the theoretical study of HCl interacting with various low index NAT faces. This is due to the fact that the NAT (001) face (which may be the most prevalent in the polar stratosphere) possesses a low surface density of dangling OH groups. In addition, other selected defect-free low-index NAT faces do not have their dangling OH groups situated favorably for effective partial solvation of HCl. The efficiency of aluminum oxide particulate, which is emitted by solid rocket motors (SRMs), as a catalyst for "activating" chlorine involved in the less dramatic, but still consequential,
(cont.) depletion of ozone at mid-latitudes in the lower stratosphere is also of interest. The pseudo-first-order rate constants for the heterogeneous reaction of ClONO2 + HCl on laboratory a-alumina and actual SRM emissions are measured experimentally using a narrow-bore capillary tube interfaced to a chemical ionization mass spectrometer under reactant partial pressure and temperature conditions typically encountered in the mid-latitude lower stratosphere. Preliminary results indicate that the rate constants are the same. It is likely that the global atmospheric models that employ a reaction probability of 0.02 for ClONO2 + HCl previously measured on laboratory [alpha]-alumina do not need to be revised.
bt Yves André Mantz.
Ph.D.
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Nebgen, Gilbert Bernard. "Automated Low-cost Instrument for Measuring Total Column Ozone." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5792/.

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Networks of ground-based and satellite borne instruments to measure ultraviolet (UV) sunlight and total column ozone have greatly contributed to an understanding of increased amounts of UV reaching the surface of the Earth caused by stratospheric ozone depletion. Increased UV radiation has important potential effects on human health, and agricultural and ecological systems. Observations from these networks make it possible to monitor total ozone decreases and to predict ozone recovery trends due to global efforts to curb the use of products releasing chemicals harmful to the ozone layer. Thus, continued and expanded global monitoring of ozone and UV is needed. However, existing automatic stratospheric ozone monitors are complex and expensive instruments. The main objective of this research was the development of a low-cost fully automated total column ozone monitoring instrument which, because of its affordability, will increase the number of instruments available for ground-based observations. The new instrument is based on a high-resolution fiber optic spectrometer, coupled with fiber optics that are precisely aimed by a pan and tilt positioning mechanism and with controlling programs written in commonly available software platforms which run on a personal computer. This project makes use of novel low-cost fiber optic spectrometer technology. A cost advantage is gained over available units by placing one end of the fiber outdoors to collect sunlight and convey it indoors, thereby allowing the spectrometer and computer to be placed in a controlled environment. This reduces the cost of weatherproofing and thermal compensation. Cost savings also result from a simplified sun targeting system, because only a small pan and tilt device is required to aim the lightweight fiber optic ends. Precision sun-targeting algorithms, optical filter selection, and software to derive ozone from spectral measurements by the spectrometer are a major contribution of this project. This system is a flexible platform which may be adapted to study other atmospheric constituents such as sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxides, and haze.
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Robson, Thomas Matthew. "Response of a peatland ecosystem to stratospheric ozone reduction in Tierra del Fuego." DigitalCommons@USU, 2004. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6605.

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Tierra del Fuego, at the southernmost tip of South America, is influenced by ozone depletion. The landscape of southern and western Tierra de! Fuego is dominated by peatlands; they are important locally and in the context of global climate change, because they store large quantities of organic carbon. To determine the influence of solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) on a Tierra de! Fuego peatland, we selectively filtered solar UV-Bin ten pairs of plots. Polyfluorine filters were used to create the Near-Ambient-UV-B Treatment ( 90% solar UV-B), and polyester filters to create the Reduced-UV-B Treatment ( 17% solar UV-B). These filters were first installed in October 1996, and were maintained, September-March, for six years. Following previous plant growth measurements and samples of selected microorganisms under the two UV-B treatments (1996-1999), this dissertation is an account of the more detailed measurements made during the second three-year period of treatments (1999-2001 ). Seasonal sampling of the plant community, microfungi, microfauna, and biogeochemistry of the water and nutrients held by the Sphagnum capitulum was introduced, in an attempt to better understand ecosystem function. Solar UV-B reduced Sphagnum height growth, but this was compensated by more compressed and densely packed Sphagnum capitula. Emergent vascular plants, Nothofagus, Empetrum, and Tetroncium, were more affected than Sphagnum by nearambient UV-B. Solar UV-B altered the Sphagnum-capitulum microenvironment, resulting in: more dissolved organic carbon and phosphorous, higher electrical conductivity, and greater acidity under near-ambient UV-B. Additionally, the populations of testate amoebae and some species of fungi were consistently increased; however, microfungal diversity and rotifer, nematode, and mite populations decreased under near-ambient UV-B. Generally, Sphagnum minimizes the leaching of nutrients by effectively holding water at the capitulum. Solar UV-B altered Sphagnum-capitulum morphology, increased the volume of water held, and made this water more acidic and richer in nutrients. Based on these results, if current trends in ozone depletion were to persist over several decades, a reduction in vascular plant growth, and changes in the trophic relationships of the microorganismal community of the Sphagnum capitulum, would be predicted. These responses have the potential to affect peatland carbon storage and nutrient cycling in Tierra del Fuego.
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Rkiouak, Laylla. "Mechanism of ozone depletion on the particle candidates for the stratospheric particle injection for a climate engineering project." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709438.

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Books on the topic "Stratospheric ozone depletion"

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Sherren, D. Michael. Stratospheric ozone depletion kit. Midhurst, ON: KEY Foundation, 1995.

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Larry, Parker. Stratospheric ozone depletion: Implementation issues. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1998.

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Parker, Larry. Stratospheric ozone depletion: Implementation issues. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1997.

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Larry, Parker. Stratospheric ozone depletion: Implementation issues. [Washington, D.C.]: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 2000.

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Muller, Rolf, ed. Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Climate Change. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849733182.

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United Kingdom Stratospheric Ozone Review Group. Stratospheric ozone, 1988: Second report. London: H.M.S.O., 1988.

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Hammitt, James K. Timing regulations to prevent stratospheric-ozone depletion. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corp., 1987.

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United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development., ed. Stratospheric ozone depletion: A focus on EPA's research. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 1995.

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Burke, Patrick. Stratospheric ozone depletion: A focus on EPA's research. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 1995.

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Burke, Patrick. Stratospheric ozone depletion: A focus on EPA's research. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stratospheric ozone depletion"

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Lane, Joe L. "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion." In Life Cycle Impact Assessment, 51–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9744-3_4.

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Rowland, F. Sherwood. "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion." In Twenty Years of Ozone Decline, 23–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2469-5_5.

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Downie, David. "Stratospheric ozone depletion." In Routledge Handbook of Global Environmental Politics, 418–31. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003008873-36.

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Isaksen, Ivar S. A., Bjørg Rognerud, Stig Dalsøren, and Amund Søvde. "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Tropospheric Chemistry." In Twenty Years of Ozone Decline, 279–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2469-5_21.

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Isaksen, Ivar S. A. "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and UV-B Changes." In Solar Ultraviolet Radiation, 13–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03375-3_2.

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De Fabo, Edward C. "Stratospheric Ozone Depletion and Uv-Induced Immune Suppression: Implications for Human Health." In Protecting the Ozone Layer, 47–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5585-8_7.

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O’Toole, Anne. "The Canadian Ozone Watch and UV Index." In Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere, 283–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78884-0_39.

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Bhartia, Pawan K. "Role of Satellite Measurements in the Discovery of Stratospheric Ozone Depletion." In Twenty Years of Ozone Decline, 183–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2469-5_13.

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Varotsos, C. "The Athens Station for Atmospheric Ozone and Solar Radiation Monitoring." In Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere, 263–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78884-0_36.

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Madronich, S., and C. Granier. "Tropospheric Chemistry Changes Due to Increased UV-B Radiation." In Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere, 3–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78884-0_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stratospheric ozone depletion"

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Wong, A. Y. "Research on mitigation of stratospheric ozone depletion." In Advances in plasma physics. AIP, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.46747.

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MCDONALD, ALLAN. "Impact and mitigation of stratospheric ozone depletion by chemical rockets." In Space Programs and Technologies Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-1303.

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Zeng, Jun, Zhonghai Jin, and Knut H. Stamnes. "Impact of stratospheric ozone depletion on UV penetration into the ocean at high latitudes." In High Latitude Optics, edited by Hans-Christian Eilertsen. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.165510.

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Khanyousuf Zai, M., and M. Khan. "Study of Nonlineare Dynamics of Ozone Layer Depletion for Stratospheric Region of Pakistan using Ground Based Instrumentation." In 2006 International Conference on Advances in Space Technologies. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icast.2006.313791.

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Toson, Federico, Matilde Pavan, Dumitrita Sandu, Simone Sandon, Marco Furiato, Luigi Antoniazzi, Giovanni Righi, et al. "O-ZONE: affordable stratospheric air dynamic sampling device." In Symposium on Space Educational Activities (SSAE). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788419184405.074.

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Abstract:
The current situation regarding air pollution, global warming and the world approaching the point of no return have led the United Nations to focus on improving the environmental situation through the SDGs [1]. In line with these ambitions, O-ZONE team, was born in 2019 with the clear objective of taking concrete action against climate change [2]. The team's goal is to build a compact, low-cost, and reusable device to sample stratospheric pollutants, at various altitudes and thus provide air quality indications in mid-range areas for monitoring, prevention, and rapid intervention in case of unpredictable events. The O-ZONE team was therefore born as an idea of some students from the Aerospace Engineering course at the same University. The students took part in the REXUS/BEXUS project by Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) and European Space Agency (ESA) [3]. As in each of these projects, the team tackled the various steps of space missions but, in this case, with extra constraints. They had to work during the lockdown with various complications due to the pandemic. Although the launch was delayed, the students carried on with their motivation and then launched their device on board the BEXUS 30. The prototype launched in Kiruna - Sweden (at the Esrange base), and which reached an altitude of 27.8 km, is a sampling system for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), such as NOX and SOX, Particulate Matter (PM) and Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) responsible for the depletion of the Ozone layer [4]. These types of samplers [2] fill the technological gap in atmospheric analysis; the current state of the art allows air to be monitored only statically from ground stations or by satellite analysis [5], while O-ZONE presents an accessible, easy-to-use and rapid in situ sampling method. This paper describes the technical specifications and design aspects of the device and the experience that has allowed the students to grow as a team, especially in terms of personal skills and the ability to work with concurrent engineering and interdisciplinarity. Finally, the experiment results will be shown.
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Reports on the topic "Stratospheric ozone depletion"

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Lewis, David H., Jack E. Trost, Eric Y. Wong, and W. D. English. Utilization of Alternate Propellants to Reduce Stratospheric Ozone Depletion. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada414340.

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Kinnison, D. E., and P. S. Connell. Evaluating the importance of innovative heterogeneous chemistry to explain observed stratospheric ozone depletion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/231510.

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