Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stratigraphic Devonian'
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Luo, Hui. "Devonian radiolarian biostratigraphy of Southwest China." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22718862.
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Luo, Hui, and 羅煇. "Devonian radiolarian biostratigraphy of Southwest China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3124211X.
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Ben, Rahuma Milad M. "Stratigraphic architecture of the Devonian sedimentary successions in Western Libya." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S225.
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Wide, shallow marine cratonic platforms were the place of the early colonization of land areas by plants and animals in Devonian times. These events are well recorded in western Libya along the Gargaf arch which separates the Ghadamis and Murzuk basins. This study describes lithologies, diagenesis, key-surfaces, and stacking patterns of depositional sequences at the outcrop and in the subsurface of the Ghadamis basin. The overall regional sediment distribution is modeled and compared to the neighboring basins and the worldwide record to discuss the role of local vs. Large scale tectonics and sea level controls on the paleolandscape evolution. These results provide clues for a better understanding of this period and the functioning of the broad cratonic platforms with consequences on location and origin of hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoirsLes plate-formes cratoniques, larges et peu profondes, furent le lieu, au Dévonien, de la première colonisation des aires continentales par les faunes et les flores. Ces événements sont bien enregistrés à l’ouest de la Libye dans les sédiments déposés le long de l’arche cratonique de Gargaf qui sépare les bassins de Ghadames et de Murzuk. Cette étude décrit les lithologies, la diagenèse, les surfaces-clés, l’empilement des séquences de dépôts de ces sédiments à l’affleurement et en subsurface dans le bassin de Ghadames. La distribution régionale des sédiments est comparée aux bassins environnants et à l’enregistrement mondial pour discuter le rôle des contrôles tectoniques locaux et régionaux sur l’évolution des paléopaysages et des paléosurfaces continentales. Ces résultats fournissent des indications clés et sur le fonctionnement des larges plate-formes cratoniques et leurs conséquences sur la localisation et l’origine des roches mères et des réservoirs pétroliers
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Craigie, Neil William. "Chemostratigraphy of Middle Devonian lacustrine sediments in the Orcadian Basin, north-east Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=88106.
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During Middle Devonian times, lacustrine deposition dominated much of NE Scotland including Caithness, Orkney, Shetland and the Inner Moray Firth. Donovan classified such deposits into five distinct facies associations:- the deep water facies association A and the progressively shallower water facies associations B, C, D and sandstones. Such facies associations occur in climatically induced cycles. Facies A sediments (known as "fish beds") are organic rich, comprising triplets of carbonate, clastic and organic laminae (each triplet is c. 1.5mm thick). In the present study the fish beds have been categorised on sedimentological grounds into four subtypes:- types I, II (a and b subtypes), III and IV fish beds. The former, which were deposited under the most reducing, deep water, quiescent conditions, comprise 1.3m+ thick laterally continuous beds containing abundant and well preserved, fully articulated fossil fish. Type II(a), and II(b) and III fish beds are less than 1.3 thick and deposited under increasingly more shallow water and more oxidising conditions. Type II(a) fish beds contain both articulated and dissarticulated fish carcass material while type II(b) fish beds, of similar thickness, contain scattered fish fragments. Type III fish beds occur in close vertical and lateral proximity to fluvial sandstones. Type IV fish beds are carbonate rich and are confined to the south Moray Firth coast. Type I fish beds have the greater source rock potential. It is possible to categorise the Middle Devonian facies, including the fish bed facies, on geochemical grounds. As far as major element geochemistry is concerned, SiO2 is concentrated principally in detrital quartz, and for this reason is highest within sandstones, while K2O, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 are highest within the clay rich facies C and D. MnO is most concentrated within facies AIII and B, deposited closest to the thermocline. Trace elements were also analysed and are also useful in discriminating facies. Some elements, such as Zr and Nb are highly immobile, being concentrated in the dereital fraction of sandstones. By contrast, Rb, Ba and V are principally concentrated within clay and feldspars and, for this reason, are highly concentrated within the most clay rich deposits (facies D). The distributions of Mo, Cu, Ni, V and Cr are partly controlled by paleoredox and, consequently, may be used to discriminate relatively reducing from oxidising facies. U and Th are most highly concentrated within fish bone/scale material and it is possible to use the U/Th ratio to categorise the fish beds. This ratio is highest within the most reducing fish beds (type I) and in fish beds located close to fluvial sandstones (type III). Type II and IV fish beds have generally lower U/Th ratios. This ratio may be measured where spectral gamma ray logs have been run (e.g. Dounreay boreholes).
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McLean, David J. (David John). "Upper Devonian buildup development in the southern Canadian rocky mountains : a sequence stratigraphic approach." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39325.
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Buildup interior cycle stacking patterns and buildup margin geometries of Frasnian Fairholme Group reef complexes suggest that deposition and buildup stratigraphy were controlled by short-term and long-term fluctuations in relative sea-level. Correlation of these stacking patterns, and regional trends in buildup margin morphology, reveal a hierarchy of fifth, fourth, and third order sea-level changes driven by an allocyclic mechanism.The Caim Formation consists of shallowing upward hemicycles (fifth order). These are grouped into larger, broadly shallowing upward trends (fourth order). The Caim Formation and the overlying Peechee Member represent a single third order depositional sequence deposited during an overall period of sea-level rise. The dominantly retrograding buildup margins of the Peechee Member also reflect the influence of rising sea-level, punctuated by relative stillstands. Reciprocal siliciclastic basin sedimentation and buildup carbonate sedimentation characterized Peechee buildup margins.
The dominantly retrograding buildup margins of the Fairholme Group are characteristic of transgressive systems tracts. Buildup margins developed progradational or vertically aggradational geometries due to prevailing circulation patterns and the manner of basin filling.
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Smith, Jason J. "A reinterpretation of the sedimentology and stratigraphy of the upper Silurian-lower Devonian Manlius Formation in upstate New York." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Vrazo, Matthew B. M. S. "Stratigraphic and Paleoecological Controls on Eurypterid Lagerstatten in the Mid-Paleozoic." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1468336974.
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Colborne, Jacqueline. "Stratigraphic, depositional and diagenetic controls on reservoir development, Upper Devonian Big Valley Formation, southern Alberta." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46556.
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The Upper Devonian Big Valley Formation in southern Alberta is a 10-m thick carbonate succession, unconformably overlain by organic-rich source rocks of the Exshaw Formation. The Exshaw Formation is part of a global continuum of mudrocks deposited under anoxic conditions, representing a distinct interval in Earth’s climatic, terrestrial and marine evolution, and the generation of prolific hydrocarbon source rocks worldwide.
This thesis summarizes the stratigraphic, depositional and diagenetic controls on reservoir development of the Big Valley Formation and its relationship to the Exshaw Formation. Data analyses involved stratigraphic top picks and regional correlations in an 84 well-log database, core study, seismic interpretation, petrographic and carbon isotope analyses and petrophysical measurements.
The availability of more core and wireline data as a result of recent exploration led to refining of the stratigraphic framework in the study area. The Big Valley Formation is redefined in this study to consist of two informal units: upper (open-marine) and lower hydrocarbon-bearing (peritidal) units. Based on lithofacies analyses, the peritidal unit more appropriately fits with the Big Valley Formation, rather than its current assignment to the underlying Stettler Formation. The peritidal unit consists of four lithofacies: subtidal shoal peloidal packstone-grainstone, mid-to-high intertidal microbial laminite and laminated dolomudstone and a local intraclastic breccia-laminite related to tidal drainage channels. Each lithofacies is laterally discontinuous, variably dolomitized and ranges from 0.5-to-2.0-m thick.
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In some areas the Big Valley Formation is up to 25-m thick, with >4-m of shoal deposits that have excellent reservoir properties. Thickened Big Valley areas are underlain by thinned evaporite beds, and have a similar orientation as an underlying NNW/SSE structural lineament. This relationship suggests basement-controlled high-angle block faulting and/or salt dissolution and collapse of underlying Devonian evaporite beds during Big Valley deposition.
The complex interplay between deposition and diagenesis has influenced reservoir quality. Dolomitized peloidal packstone-grainstones have high intercrystalline porosity (>5%) and permeability values (>0.20 md). Reservoir potential of the microbial laminites is dependent on dolomitization and lack of anhydrite cement. Non-reservoir lithofacies show low petrophysical properties (<<0.00001-0.002 md) as the result of a lack of dolomitization and/or extensive cementation.
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Coughlin, Michael F. "Subsurface mapping and reservoir analysis of the Upper Devonian Venango and Bradford groups in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10615.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 103 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-103).
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Burton, Andrew Joseph. "Seismic imaging methods applied to Devonian carbonate reef environments of western Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/MQ42356.pdf.
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Skilliter, Catherine Cheryl. "A stratigraphic and geochemical investigation of Upper Devonian shale and marl aquitards, west-central Alberta, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0013/MQ60178.pdf.
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Sessa, Jocelyn A. "The dynamics of rapid, asynchronous biotic turnover in the middle Devonian Appalachian basin of New York : a thesis /." Connect to The dynamics of rapid, asynchronous biotic turnover in the middle Devonian Appalachian basin of New York (Online), 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=1054576413.
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Qing, Hairuo. "Diagenesis and sedimentology of rainbow F and E buildups (Middle Devonian), northwestern Alberta." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65414.
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Wilson, Abby Othman. "A high-resolution record of environmental and climatic change in a lacustrine sequence from the Devonian Orcadian Basin, Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186678.
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This study has specifically developed and applied new methodologies and successfully captured very high‐resolution palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic data over a period ≤55 years in the Mid‐Devonian Orcadian Basin, Scotland. Analysis of 110 successive discrete laminae (55 varve sets) in a lacustrine sequence has produced the most detailed archive of environmental and climatic change through time ever from ancient sediments. Geological and geochemical data sets have captured intra‐annual (seasonal) variation in palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment as well as short‐term cyclical change. Varve compositions (carbonate/clastic pairs) indicate a climate with substantial intra‐annual variation in rainfall. Cycles with an average periodicity of 12 years which have previously been attributed to sunspot solar forcing also show a shift in compositional dominance from allochthonous clastic material to authochthnonous carbonate precipitate over 12 years. This indicates that climatic wetness also varied cyclically. The abundance of specific biomarker compounds – particularly β,β‐carotane but also squalane and pristine/phytane coupled with elemental data (C/S) indicate that lake waters were hypersaline. Changes in the abundance and ratios of these salinity dependant proxies show that salinity varied seasonally as well as cyclically. Stable isotope data (δ13Ccarb / δ18Ocarb) show that temperature and primary productivity also varied on a seasonal and cyclical scale, while δ13Corg and the n‐alkane skew confirm that the organic carbon present was sourced predominantly from within‐lake algal sources at all timescales observed. The rate of carbon burial (MARcarbon) also exhibits cyclical variation. An antithetic relationship between δ18O–derived palaeotemperatures and a carbon burial efficiency parameter (forganic) at cycle scale shows that the fraction of organic carbon buried decreased as temperature increased.
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Santos, Werlem Holanda dos. "Análise estratigráfica do intervalo siluro-devoniano da bacia do Amazonas." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7129.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorO trabalho consiste na análise estratigráfica do intervalo siluro-devoniano da Bacia do Amazonas utilizando como base os conceitos da Estratigrafia Moderna, mais especificamente a sequência estratigráfica genética, proposta por Galloway (1989), a qual utiliza as superfícies de inundação marinha como os limites de uma sequência sedimentar. A principal razão para a utilização desta metodologia deve-se ao fato que o conteúdo rochoso compreendido no intervalo estudado teve a sua sedimentação relacionada às transgressões marinhas que faziam parte do contexto paleogeográfico da bacia durante o Siluriano e Devoniano. Desta forma, as superfícies de inundação máxima, representativas de eventos cronoestratigráficos, destacam-se nos perfis de raios gama e são tomadas como datum de correlação em treze poços exploratórios, os quais foram distribuídos em quatro seções (A-A, B-B, C-C e D-D) pela bacia. A análise destas seções permitiu a identificação de quatro sequências de terceira ordem (AB, BC, CD e DE), limitadas no topo e na base por superfícies de inundação marinha. Cada sequência é constituída por ciclos regressivo-transgressivos assimétricos, representados pelo trato de sistemas de mar alto e pelo trato de sistemas transgressivo. A análise destas seções integrada à interpretação de mapas estratigráficos (isópacas, isólitas e porcentagem de areias) possibilitou identificar o depocentro da bacia, bem como duas áreas principais como fonte de sedimentos arenosos (uma a oeste e outra a sul). Além disto, foi possível inferir que a comunicação marinha com o continente, durante as transgressões paleozoicas, responsável pela deposição de sedimentos pelíticos, seguiu uma orientação de norte para sul, evoluindo obliquamente em direção ao continente num trend nordeste para sudoeste. Por fim, a partir da análise cíclica em perfis de raios gama, as superfícies de inundação marinha, do intervalo Devoniano, das bacias do Amazonas e Parnaíba foram correlacionadas.
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Cullen, Patrick James. "Sequence Stratigraphic Framework for the Upper Devonian Lower-Huron Shale Member of the Ohio Shale, North-Central Appalachian Basin." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1528660802767656.
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Shen, Jian-Wei. "Effects of differing tectono-stratigraphic settings on late Devonian and early carboniferous reefs, Western Australia, Eastern Australia, South China, and Japan /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17417.pdf.
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Anderson, Arlene Verona. "Provenance and Petrofacies, Upper Devonian Sandstones, Philip Smith Mountains and Arctic Quadrangles Brooks Range, Alaska." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/236072.
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A petrographic study of upper Devonian sandstones (Endicott and Hammond Terranes), Philip Smith Mountains and Arctic quadrangles, Brooks Range, Alaska, shows that the sand-sized detritus was derived from two petrographic provenances. Detrital modes, calculated from point counts of thin sections, show that the provenance for the Devonian clastic wedge (Endicott Terrane) was a recycled orogenic belt with major components of quartz, chert, and lithic fragments. Three petrofacies are distinguished. Their distribution indicates compositional changes vertically and laterally which reflect changing compositions in the source area. A petrographically different provenance supplied the sandstones that overlie the Skajit Limestone (Hammond Terrane). Characterized by high feldspar and abundant volcanic rock fragments, this petrofacies indicates first-cycle deposition close to the source area. A magmatica arc provenance is suggested.
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Halim-Dihardja, Marjammanda K. "Diagenesis and sedimentology of the late Devonian (Famennian) Wabamun group in the Tangent, Normandville, and Eaglesham fields, north-central Alberta." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63807.
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La, Rocque Cynthia A. "Geochronology and petrology of north-central Gaspe igneous rocks, Quebec." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65499.
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Dalton, Edward. "Sedimentary facies and diagenesis of the Lower Devonian Temiscouata and Fortin Formations, Northern Appalachians, Quebec and New Brunswick." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63856.
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Kaylor, Donald Charles. "Facies and diagenesis of the upper Devonian Palliser formation, front ranges of the Southern Rocky Mountains, Alberta and British Columbia." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64029.
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Myszynski, Junior Lucinei José. "INSERÇÃO DO AFLORAMENTO CURVA II NO CONTEXTO TAFONÔMICO E ESTRATIGRÁFICO DA SEQUÊNCIA NEOPRAGUIANA – EOEMSIANA: INTERPRETAÇÃO PALEOAMBIENTAL DO SETOR NORDESTE DO SÍTIO URBANO DE PONTA GROSSA, PARANÁ, BRASIL." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2012. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/555.
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Previous issue date: 2012-03-09In this study we investigated the taphonomic and stratigraphic analyses of the basal layers of Sequence B (Neopraghiano / Eoemsiano), Ponta Grossa Formation, with a focus on Curva II outcrop, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, which until then had not been studied under these aspects. The objective is to provide a description and interpretation of the above mentioned outcrop, as well as the inclusion of its layers in stratigraphic framework of the sequence. In order to obtain more accurate data, the methodology used to collect data was of taphonomic high-resolution. The fauna here considered is a typical representative of the Malvinokaffric Realm and occurs distinctly along the Curva II outcrop. Three different taphocenosis representing different sedimentary environments have been identified. The data obtained in this study were integrated into the areas of occurrence of fossiliferous outcrops adjacent to Curva II. A combined analysis of the taphonomic, paleontological and stratigraphic aspects, followed by a reinterpretation of the outcrops in northeastern urban area of Ponta Grossa, inserts the Curva II outcrop above sections of the UEPG Campus, as well as Francelina I, II and III and below sections of Curva I and Franco da Rocha, which are representatives of a transgressive process, in a situation of sedimentary retrogradation which occurred in the passage Neopraghiano/Eoemsiano in the Ponta Grossa Formation, filling, thus, a gap in the stratigraphic sequence of the base of sequence B.
Na presente pesquisa buscou-se a análise estratigráfica e tafonômica das camadas basais da Sequência B (Neopraguiano/Eoemsiano), Formação Ponta Grossa, com enfoque no afloramento Curva II, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, que até então não havia sido estudado sob estes aspectos. Objetivou-se a descrição e interpretação do afloramento citado bem como a inserção de suas camadas no arcabouço estratigráfico de sequências. Com o intuito de se obter dados mais precisos, utilizou-se metodologia de coleta de alta resolução tafonômica. A fauna aqui analisada é representante típica do Domínio Malvinocáfrico e ocorre distintamente ao longo do afloramento Curva II tendo sido identificadas três diferentes tafocenoses que representam distintos ambientes de sedimentação. Os dados obtidos nesta pesquisa foram integrados aos de áreas de ocorrência fossilífera adjacentes ao afloramento Curva II. Com uma análise conjunta entre os aspectos tafonômicos, paleontológicos e estratigráficos e após uma reinterpretação dos afloramentos da região nordeste do perímetro urbano de Ponta Grossa, insere-se o afloramento Curva II acima das seções Campus UEPG e Francelina I, II e III e abaixo das seções Curva I e Franco da Rocha, sendo representantes de um processo transgressivo, em situação de retrogradação sedimentar ocorrida na passagem Neo-praguiano/Eo-emsiano da Formação Ponta Grossa, preenchendo, desta maneira, uma lacuna na coluna estratigráfica de sequências local da base da Sequência B.
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Ala, Davin. "High-resolution isotope stratigraphy of the Lower Devonian." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9656.
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A new data set of 53 $\sp‡$Sr/$\sp†$Sr ratios for the Lower Devonian has been collected from well preserved, and stratigraphically well constrained, brachiopod shells from the Leon region in Spain, western Urals in Russia, Podolia in Ukraine and New York State in the United States. Multiple criteria, including trace element and stable isotope (C, O) analysis, scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence and optical light microscopy, were used to determine the state of preservation of the samples. One hundred and ten samples were analysed for $\delta\sp $C, with the results ranging from $-$1.49 to 5.5$\perthous$ (VPDB). The carbon isotope trend through the Lower Devonian is characterized by a flat slope within ${\pm}1.5\perthous$ of the mean value. One hundred and ten samples were analysed for $\delta\sp $O, with results that ranged from $-$8.84 to ${-}1.89\perthous$ (VPDB). The oxygen isotope trend through the lower Devonian is flat, except for the New York State samples which fall ${\sim}2\perthous$ lighter, probably because of the ambient temperature of the coeval seawater. For $\sp‡$Sr/$\sp†$Sr, the new data set is continuous and consistent for all study areas and shows a decrease from 0.70882 to 0.70782 from the Pridoli to the Emsian/Eifelian boundary. The Lower Devonian trend also fits well with the previously published Middle Devonian data. In detail, a relatively stable $\sp‡$Sr/$\sp†$Sr ratio for the Lochkovian is followed by a rapid decrease through the Pragian, and by a period of short-term small oscillations $(2\times 10\sp{-4})$ in the Emsian and the Eifelian. The observed decline in $\sp‡$Sr throughout the Lower Devonian may suggest that the fraction of strontium derived from seawater/mantle interactions is on the increase through the Lower Devonian in relation to strontium derived from sialic sources such as weathering of the continents. Paleogeographic and biogeographic data for this time period suggest that the relative sea level in the Lower Devonian was rising, possibly due to increased spreading rates at MOR's, in accord with the observed strontium isotope trend. In terms of stratigraphic resolution, the slope of the $\sp‡$Sr/$\sp†$Sr curve for the Lochkovian is too flat to be of utility for correlation purposes. In contrast, the steep slope observed in the Pragian and steep short-term fluctuations found in the Emsian may provide stratigraphic resolution on the order of 1-2 Ma.
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Dastanpour, Mohammad. "The Devonian stratigraphy of Kerman, southeast central Iran." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/5af05e94-ca3e-4e6e-ab46-e6dad2dde86d.
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Rezende, Marcelo Fagundes de. "Análise estratigráfica de alta resolução do intervalo praguiano-neoemsiano (Formação Ponta Grossa), na borda leste da Bacia do Paraná, com base em dados geoquímicos e sedimentológicos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=485.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorEste trabalho é o resultado da análise estratigráfica de detalhe sobre o registro sedimentar do intervalo Praguiano Emsiano Superior, realizada em amostras testemunhadas por quatro poços, na seção d e afloramentos paleozóicos da borda leste da Bacia do Paraná. A integração dos dados foi realizada a partir das informações obtidas através de sedimentologia, gamaespectrometria e geoquímica orgânica (carbono orgânico total e pirólise Rock-Eval). Desta forma, foram identificados eventos deposicionais de variadas freqüências, classificados como duas seqüências deposicionais de 3 ordem, denominadas B e C, e seis seqüências de 4 ordem, denominadas B1, B2, B3 , B4, C1 e C2. Estes eventos deposicionais representam as variações relativas do nível do mar, ocorridas durante o intervalo estudado, expressas nos tratos de sistemas e superfícies estratigráficas identificados. Em algun s casos, estas variações ocorreram com acentuada ciclicidade no tempo. A cor relação dos poços ao longo de uma seção NS possibilitou a discussão sobre a continuidade lateral dos máximos transgressivos nas seqüências de 3 e 4 ordens. Possibilitou, também, discorrer sobre possíveis fatores locais condicionantes da sedimentação, e sobre as dinâmicas ambiental e sedimentar, na área de estudo. A avaliação dos atributos faciológicos, integrados as ferramentas utilizadas, possibilitou indagar acerca dos principais controles sobre as condições de circulação de sedimentos, de oxigenação da coluna dágua e de preservação da matéria orgânica. Estes métodos em conjunto indicam condições ambientais consideradas marinhas normais, pontuadas por momentos de redução na oxigenação, sem, no entanto, registrar eventos de efetiva anoxia do ambiente de sedimentação. Estas informações sobre a estratigrafia de seqüências, sedimentologia e geoquímica são importantes no estudo da distribuição dos níveis com potencial de geração de hidrocarbonetos, a fim de prospectar áreas mais favoráveis, ao longo da Bacia do Paraná.
This work is the result of detailed stratigraphic analysis on the sedimentary record of Praguian?Emsian later interval, established on core samples of four wells in the Paleozoic outcrop section, eastern edge of Paran? Basin. Data set was obtained by means of sedimentology, gamma spectrometry and organic geochemistry (total organic carbon and pirolysis Rock-Eval), and lately integrated. Thus, depositional events with varied frequencies have been identified. These depositional events were classified as being two depositional sequences of 3rd order, termed as ?B? and ?C?, and six sequences of 4th order, termed as ?B1?, ?B2?, ?B3?, ?B4?, ?C1? and ?C2?. These depositional events typify the relative sea level variations occurred during the studied interval. They were characterized by the systems tracts and stratigraphic surfaces identified. Sometimes, these variations occurred with high cyclicity through the time. The correlation of the wells of a N-S section made possible the discussion about the cont inuity and lateral expression of the transgressive and regressive maximums in the depositional sequences of 3rd and 4th orders, besides the possible local factors which conditioned the sedimentation and the environmental and sedimentary dynamics. The evaluation of facies attributes, integrated with the utilized tools, helped on the inquiring of the main controls on the sediment circulation, water column oxygenation ratio, and organic matter preservation. These data in set indicated normal marine environmental conditions, with punctuated moments of reduction in oxygenation ration, without, however, show effective anoxic events in the sedimentation environment. These informations about the sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology are important in the study of distribution of levels with hydrocarbons generation potential, throughout of Paran? Basin.
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Guillocheau, François. "Stratigraphie sequentielle des bassins de plate-forme : l'exemple devonien armoricain." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR13047.
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Les differents ordres de sequences emboitees et leurs deux sequences de depots appartenant a la plate-forme devonienne armoricaine, la sequence du faou (praguien-emsien) et la sequence de tibidy (eifelien-givetien). L'acces au temps a ete fourni par les sequences a haute reslution qui sont controlees par des variations des parametres orbitaux de la terre (cycles de milankovitch). L'acces a la paleobathymetrie a ete fourni par les depots de tempetes. Trois associations de facies, presentant des figures et structures similaires aux environnements actuels, ont permis de subdiviser l'offshore superieur en trois etages. Huit ordres de sequences de depots ont ete distingues: les paquets elementaires (frequence estimee a 300 annees), les paquets composes (frequence estimee a 5 ka), les sequences a tres haute frequence (thf: 20 ka), les sequences a haute frequence (hf: 100 ka), les "changements mineurs de forme" (frequence 300/700 ka), les "parasequences" (duree 600/800 ka), les sequences moyenne frequence (duree 1/3 ma), ou de troisieme ordre (au sens de vail et al. , 1977), deformations intraplaques dues aux reorganisations du mouvement des plaques), les sequences basse frequence (duree superieure a 5 ma), ou de deuxieme ordre (au sens de vail et al. , 1977). La mesure des variations verticales de vitesse d'accumulation des sediments, jointe a l'utilisation de modeles stratigraphiques reponse a une variation cyclique du niveau relatif de la mer (schema de cross, 1988) ont conduit (1) a estimer l'importance des controles auto- et allo-cycliques dans la formation des depots de tempetes, et (2) a mesurer l'irregularite de la preservation du temps induite par la superposition de plusieurs ordres de sequences dans les sediments
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Asses, Amar. "Analyse des diagraphies de forage, séquences sédimentaires et paléogéographie des séries argilo-gréseuses déposées au passage Silurien-Devonien dans la synéclise est-saharienne. : Bassin d'Illizi et partie algérienne du bassin de Ghadames." Pau, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PAUU3020.
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Etude des bassins de Ghadames et d'Illizi au Silurien-Devonien. On définit cinq unités lithostratigraphiques à l'aide de marqueurs diagraphiques et des datations palynologiques. On reconstitue les paléoenvironnements à partir de l'analyse sédimentologique des lithofacies. Le silurien est caractérisé par une propagation de barres sableuses qui indique une régression marine vers le nord. Le Devonien est constitué par des chenaux fluviatiles au sud et des chenaux de marée au nord. L'évolution traduit l'amorce d'une transgression du nord vers le sud. On individualise un domaine littoral à influence continentale, un domaine marin et un domaine mixte. Le milieu de dépôt de la région étudiée est un bassin intracratonique structure par deux moles.
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Brame, Roderic Ian. "Revision of the Upper Devonian in the Central-Southern Appalachian Basin: Biostratigraphy and Lithostratigraphy." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25981.
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The Upper Devonian of the central-southern Appalachians Valley and Ridge province of Virginia lacks stratigraphic resolution, revised formal nomenclature, and detailed biostratigraphic data. Eight of the most complete sections available in a three thousand square mile area were used to build a framework for revising the stratigraphy of the Upper Devonian strata in southwestern Virginia. Detailed lithologic descriptions of about four thousand feet (1.3 km) of rock were made at each outcrop. John Dennison's (1970 and 1976) nomenclature for the Upper Devonian along the Alleghany Front was successfully tested for it usefulness in Southwestern Virginia and are hereby applied to these rocks. The stratigraphic interval ranges in age from the Middle Devonian to the Lower Carboniferous. The stratigraphic units include the Middle Devonian Millboro Shale, the Upper Devonian Brallier, Scherr, Foreknobs (formally the "Chemung"), Hampshire, and the Lower Carboniferous Price Formation. The Brallier contains two members (Back Creek Siltstone and Minnehaha Springs), the Foreknobs is divided into five members (Mallow, Briery Gap, Blizzard, Pound, and Red Lick), and the lower Price is divided into three members (the Cloyd Conglomerate, Sunbury Shale, and the Ceres). 23046 fossils were collected and 160 taxa were identified. The biostratigraphic range of each taxon was compiled, analyzed, and then divided into biostratigraphic zones. 19 local biozones are described. The Frasnian/Famennian boundary is accurately placed based on occurrences of internationally known index fossils. The Frasnian/Famennian extinction event is recognized and is determined to have two pulses. The local biostratigraphic zonations doubled the resolution of previous studies. Lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic data were combined to look at the timing and rates of events. The lithostratigrapic divisions were tested to see if their boundaries are or are not time transgressive. The Brallier/Foreknobs, Blizzard/Pound, and Pound/Redlick boundaries are crossed by biozones. Conversely the Frasnian/Famennian boundary crosses the lithologic boundary between the Pound and Red Lick Members. This documents the prograding nature of the clastic wedge. Composite biostratigraphic ranges correlate with ranges in New York and western Maryland. This detailed lithostraigraphic and biostratigraphic study documents a comprehensive and higher resolution understanding of the Upper Devonian in the Central-Southern Appalachian Basin.Ph. D.
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Cotter, Thomas. "Timing and basin implications for the Eden-Comerong-Yalwal volcanic zone: Stratigraphy, depositional environment and tectonic affinity of the Comerong Volcanic Complex, NSW." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/200888/1/Thomas_Cotter_Thesis.pdf.
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This project investigated an ancient volcanic field in southern NSW to further understand the geological formation of eastern Australia. It examined the timing, chemistry and paleoenvironment of the Comerong Volcanic Complex, situated in the Budawang National Park, NSW. The project used field mapping to record the physical volcanology and to collect representative samples. The samples were then tested for their chemistry by using X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry and dated using U-Pb isotopic age dating techniques. This study showed the volcanism occurred in the Middle Devonian and was erupted as lava flows and pyroclastic density currents into an intraplate rift setting.
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Lubeseder, Stefan. "Silurian and devonian sequence stratigraphy of North America : Regional correlation and sedimentology (Morocco, Algeria, Libya)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500476.
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Judge, Shelly A. "Stratigraphy, sedimentology, and paleontology of the Bellepoint Member of the Columbus Limestone (Devonian), Central Ohio." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243351854.
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Judge, Shelley A. "Stratigraphy, sedimentology, and paleontology of the Bellepoint Member of the Columbus Limestone (Devonian), Central Ohio /." Connect to resource, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1243351854.
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Berra, Ivan. "Sédimentologie, stratigraphie isotopique du strontium et chemostratigraphie à la transition Frasnien-Famennien (Dévonien supérieur) en Amérique du Nord: implications orogéniques dans la crise biologique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210400.
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Le sommet du Frasnien est une époque difficile pour la biodiversité sur la Terre, en particulier pour les organismes d’eaux chaudes et peu profondes. Cette étude vise à établir un lien entre l’activité tectonique et la crise biologique. Trois coupes d’Amérique du Nord, de la marge ouest du paléocontinent Laurentia, liées au front orogénique Antler ont été étudiées pour leurs rapports isotopiques 87Sr/86Sr dans les carbonates. La coupe de Devils Gate dans le centre Nevada (USA) présente au sommet du Frasnien des faciès de turbidites carbonatées de bassin. Trois pics successifs de 87Sr/86Sr s’observent au sommet du Frasnien, entre le deux niveaux anoxiques Kellwasser. Le dernier pic est le plus élevé, il est contemporain du début du second Kellwasser et présente un rapport isotopique de 0,7094. La coupe de North Antelope Range proche de celle de Devils Gate, présente des dépôts extrêmement homogènes et réguliers de “debris-flow” carbonatés dans un bassin d’avant-pays. Un pic du 87Sr/86Sr plus modéré y est enregistré. La coupe de Mount Cinquefoil est située dans l’Alberta (Canada), dans un contexte de rampe formant une transition entre un important complexe récifal et un bassin. A nouveau un pic de 87Sr/86Sr est enregistré au début de l’événement anoxique alors que le reste de la coupe est fort homogène. Un autre pic important du 87Sr/86Sr est présent dans la partie inférieure de la coupe à la base du premier niveau Kellwasser identifié par l’étude sédimentologique. Les différents pics du 87Sr/86Sr enregistrés dans la Zone à conodontes linguiformis sur les trois coupes présentent des points communs. D’une part ils occupent la même position par rapport à la courbe de susceptibilité magnétique enregistrée dans les trois coupes, ce qui tend à montrer qu’ils sont contemporains. D’autre part ils sont systématiquement liés à des teneurs plus fortes en éléments (Al, Ti, Si, ) de la phase détritique dans les roches, ce qui permet d’établir un lien direct entre l’activité tectonique régionale, l’érosion continentale accentuée et les rapports isotopiques élevés du Sr. De plus ces pics du 87Sr/86Sr semblent liés à la mise en place des périodes d’anoxie des horizons Kellwasser par eutrophisation des eaux. La chemostratigraphie permet de reconnaître des phases bien distinctes de la sédimentologie détritique, en lien avec le contexte tectonique de chaque coupe. Enfin, la comparaison avec d’autres données de la littérature pose la question de la simultanéité des événements à la surface de la Terre.Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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BARTHOLOMEW, ALEXANDER. "CORRELATION OF HIGH ORDER CYCLES IN THE MARINE-PARALIC TRANSITION OF THE UPPER MIDDLE DEVONIAN (GIVETIAN) MOSCOW FORMATION, EASTERN NEW YORK STATE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1022593337.
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Wegweiser, Marilyn Diane. "Upper devonian sequence stratigraphy of the western Applalachian basin and geotectonic history of the Lake Crustal block /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488196781731875.
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Latimer, C. D. "The sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Ratner Member and underlying strata, Middle Devonian Winnipegosis and Prairie Evaporite Formation." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389369.
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Harrington, Jason E. M. "Sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology of Uppermost Southesk and Sassenach formations (Upper Devonian), Boule and Bosche ranges, Jasper National Park." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/MQ44180.pdf.
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Stephens, Nathaniel Patrick. "Late Devonian stratigraphy, stable isotopic analyses, and paleoecology in the Napier, Oscar, and Emanuel ranges, Canning Basin, Western Australia /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2002. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Poey, Jean-Luc. "Stratigraphy and depositional environments of an Upper Ordovician to Lower Devonian shelf-to-basin transition, Svendsen Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, N.W.T." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5354.
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Henrique, Andre. "Modelo de facies de um sistema profundo de rampa submarina (Formação Punta Negra), Devoniano, Pre-Cordilheira Argentina." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264796.
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Orientador: Giorgio BasiliciDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica e Instituto de Geociencias
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Resumo: A Formação Punta Negra (Meso- Neodevoniano da Pré-Cordilheira Argentina) consiste em uma espessa sucessão de depósitos siliciclásticos de água profunda. Esta unidade aflora por cerca de 300 km em direção N-S nas províncias de San Juan, Mendoza e La Rioja. Uma detalhada análise sedimentológica permitiu identificar seis litofácies depositadas pela ação de fluxos de densidade concentrados e correntes de turbidez. Três associações de fácies foram descritas e interpretadas: i) preenchimento de canais: camadas de arenito fino, com escassas estruturas e preenchendo feições erosivas, correspondentes a canais pouco espessos como sistema de aporte em uma rampa proximal; ii) lobos proximais: sucessões estrato-crescentes de camadas arenosas maciças na base e com estruturas de tração no topo, amalgamadas ou interacamadadas com níveis de lamito laminado, correspondendo a deposição de lobos num contexto de rampa proximal; iii) lobos distais/franjas: sucessões de lamito e camadas descontinuas de arenito muito fino que constituem os depósitos mais finos de todo o intervalo estudado, associados ao contexto de rampa distal. Os corpos sedimentares pertencentes às associações de fácies constituem elementos com características geométricas próprias. Os canais são do tipo deposicionais e pouco erosivos, os lobos deposicionais caracterizam corpos de geometria lobada/linguoide apresentando ciclos de compensação de espessuras. Por fim, os depósitos de franjas possuem grande extensão areal e com heterogeneidade acentuada pelo interacamadamento lamito/arenito. Com base na análise de fácies e associação de fácies e em informações levantadas por estudos anteriores, propõe-se um modelo de sistema deposicional turbidítico de rampa submarina rico em areia, caracterizado por um sistema de canais pouco espessos que atuam na forma de múltiplos pontos de aporte. A característica textural imatura dos sedimentos, a abundância de fragmentos vegetais e a deposição de estruturas típicas de fluxos de mais longa duração, são argumentos para propor um sistema de alimentação por meio de fluxos hiperpicnais provenientes diretamente do continente
Abstract: The Punta Negra Formation (Middle to Late Devonian of Argentine Precordillera) is a thick succession of siliciclatic deep-water deposits. This unit outcrops for c. 300 km along north-south direction in the provinces of San Juan, Mendoza and La Rioja. Detailed sedimentological permitted to identify six lithofacies deposited by concentrated density flows and turbidity currents. Three facies associations were described and interpreted: i) channel-filling deposits: massive fine grained sandstone erosive depressions that represent multiple shallow channels in a ramp system; ii) proximal lobes: thickening-upward successions of fine grained massive sandstone beds with a upper portion of very fine laminated sandstone; these beds are amalgamated or interbedded with laminated mudstone and represent depositional lobes in a proximal ramp context; iii) distal lobes/fringe: interstratifications of mudstone and very fine sandstone that are associated to a distal ramp. The channels are constituted of multiple depositional and minor erosional events. The depositional lobes include linguoid bodies with compensation cycles. The fringes have large extension and are characterized by thin interbedding of mudstone/discontinuous very fine sandstone. It was proposed a sand-rich deep-water ramp depositional model, which is characterized by a system of multiple minor erosive channels (multiple source). The immature sediments, the abundance of vegetal fragments and the typical structures of relative long-lived flows evidence a depositional system fed by hyperpicnal flows probably originated of major fluvial floods
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de, Freitas Tim A. "Stratigraphy, mud buildups, and carbonate platform development of the Upper Ordovician to Lower Devonian sequence, Ellesmere, Hans, and Devon Islands, Arctic Canada." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7937.
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The Upper Ordovician to Lower Devonian platform in the Canadian Arctic twice evolved from a ramp to a rimmed shelf profile. Platform backstepping occurred in the fastigatus, acuminatus, cyphus?, sakmaricus (in North Greenland only) and linearis graptolite zones. Two major phases of pinnacle reef development followed platform backstepping, the first beginning in the lower Llandovery (cyphus Zone) and the second in the Ludlow (linearis Zone). Pinnacles of the first phase are uncommon, occur in the vicinity of Baumann Fiord, and show a vertical succession of lime mudstone, poorly exposed microbial carbonate, and coralgal biolithite, representing upward shallowing. The last named lithofacies is newly interpreted as representing a high-energy, wave-stressed environment that excluded stromatoporoid growth but favoured a sparse skeletal metazoan fauna, thickly encrusted by microbes. Paleo-surface area of these structures was apparently important for the accumulation of extensive ooids, which are associated with the upper parts of some pinnacle reefs. Three large mud buildups on central Ellesmere Island were established on the shelf margin subsequent to Upper Ordovician (fastigatus Zone) platform drowning. These structures show a vertical lithofacies succession: bioturbated lime mudstone is overlain by microbial carbonate then by mudstone-rich stromatoporoid floatstone and bindstone. The succession records overall upward shallowing. The olive green shale unit, well exposed in the vicinity of Trold Fiord, is an areally extensive and mappable middle Ludlow unit of the Cape Phillips Formation that postdates diachronous, middle Ludlow platform backstepping in the vicinity of Baumann Fiord. After backstepping, condensed sequences occurred over paleotopographic highs and expanded sections over lows, and a subsequent second major phase of platform rimming occurred. Stratigraphy known in the southern Arctic Islands is generally applicable to northeastern Ellesmere Island, but local lithological variations occur. The upper part of the Allen Bay Formation at Darling Peninsula, in particular, is unusually thick, and subtidal, perhaps resulting from greater subsidence, related to lithospheric flexure and deep marine clastic sedimentation that drowned the contiguous platform on North Greenland. Other formations recognized in this area include the Cape Storm, Douro, and Goose Fiord formations, although these, too, show minor lithological differences from type sequences. A thick grey siltstone unit in the vicinity of Bay and Vesle fiords is suggested to be a distal facies of the Red Canyon River Formation. This sequence is a progradational clastic wedge that likely represents the first, largest phase of the tripartite Caledonian Inglefield Uplift which profoundly affected carbonate deposition in the areas of southern and central Ellesmere Island during the late Silurian and early Devonian time. The base of this unit is diachronous and likely late Silurian in age. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Oest, Christopher. "Paleopedology and fluvial sedimentology of the Upper Devonian Catskill Formation, Central Pennsylvania: A test of the distributive fluvial system." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/342536.
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GeologyM.S.
The Upper Devonian Catskill Formation represents marginal marine and alluvial sediments which prograded into the Appalachian Basin during the Acadian Orogeny. Distributive fluvial systems (DFS) are prevalent in modern actively aggrading basins in all tectonic and climatic regimes and may be common in the rock record. In this study, I reinterpret the Catskill Formation as a prograding distributive fluvial system (DFS) on the basis of up-section variability in paleosols, channel sandstone textural trends, and alluvial architecture. At least three distinct pedotypes representative of prevailing soil forming conditions are identified during deposition of the Irish Valley, Sherman Creek, and Duncannon Members of the Catskill Formation. Increased paleosol drainage is inferred from an up-section transition from hydromorphic aqualfs within the Irish Valley Member to non-calcareous, uderts within the Duncannon Member. Qualitative field observations of channel sandstone morphology show an increase in channel size up-section. Channels occur as small isolated bodies at the base of the section, transitioning to relatively larger, amalgamated channels, and finally, large isolated channel bodies up-section. Sandstones are litharenites and coarsen-upward throughout the Catskill Formation overall. This coarsening upward trend results from increasing paleo-flow competency in larger channels up-section. These results are consistent with deposition of the Catskill Formation by DFS processes and demonstrate the utility of paleopedological analysis in interpreting alluvial depositional processes. Identifying DFS in the rock record has implications for paleosol-based paleoclimatic studies, as paleosols forming on prograding DFS have increased paleosol drainage up-section, which could potentially be misinterpreted as a shift from prevailing humid to arid paleoclimatic conditions. Recognition of DFS in the rock record also has implications for basin analysis and exploration of fluvial aquifers and hydrocarbon reservoirs, as the stratigraphic architecture of DFS are fundamentally different from tributary systems at the basin scale.
Temple University--Theses
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BARTHOLOMEW, ALEXANDER JESS. "MIDDLE DEVONIAN FAUNAS OF THE MICHIGAN AND APPALACIAN BASINS: COMPARING PATTERNS OF BIOTIC STABILITY AND TURNOVER BETWEEN TWO PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHIC SUBPROVINCES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1156046845.
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Maurer, Joshua Thomas. "Reinterpretation of the Ignacio and Elbert Formations as an Incised Valley Fill Using Facies Analysis and Sequence Stratigraphy; San Juan Basin, Southwest Colorado." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1342967247.
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Zabini, Carolina. "Integração da tafonomia e estratigrafia de sequências no estudo dos lingulídeos da sucessão devoniana da Bacia do Paraná." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/117115.
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Fósseis devonianos de braquiópodes infaunais denominados informalmente de lingulídeos compõem o principal objeto de estudo da presente tese. Dados tafonômicos e estratigráficos associados ao registro desses fósseis foram coletados. A abundância dos lingulídeos, suas diferentes formas de ocorrência, sua ausência em determinados afloramentos, e o fato de possuírem pares recentes (i.e. animais semelhantes que vivem nos mares atuais e que podem vir a colaborar na compreensão da paleobiologia, paleoecologia e nos processos tafonômicos dos lingulídeos fósseis) foram os fatores que influenciaram na escolha do grupo como alvo de estudo. No total analisaram-se 32 afloramentos que tiveram descritas suas litologias e estruturas sedimentares, e quando possível, foram realizadas coletas tafonômicas de alta resolução e a inserção de tais afloramentos em arcabouço de estratigrafia de sequências. Nas coletas todos os táxons encontrados foram devidamente considerados. Os afloramentos investigados distribuem-se pela sucessão devoniana da bacia sedimentar do Paraná, e atualmente encontram-se na região fitogeográfica Campos Gerais, estado do Paraná, Brasil. Para análise do material coletado foi construído um banco de dados tafonômicos. Também foram realizadas análises com microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva, para alguns lingulídeos extremamente bem preservados, durante o período de estágio sanduíche. Ainda neste intervalo, métodos estatísticos foram aplicados com material de lingulídeos fósseis devonianos e também com material Miocênico/Eocênico contendo lingulídeos. Visitas a coleções de museus no exterior foram realizadas com intuito comparativo, uma vez que a incerteza taxonômica dos fósseis devonianos já havia adentrado a tese como mais uma problemática. As principais questões abordadas na presente tese se referem à possibilidade (1) de utilização de dados de lingulídeos atuais na interpretação do registro devoniano destes animais; (2) das características intrínsecas dos lingulídeos (i.e. concha quitinofosfática, hábito de vida infaunal) atuarem como agentes de preservação diferencial em diferentes contextos deposicionais; e por último: (3) da análise tafonômica ser dependente da identificação taxonômica precisa dos lingulídeos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o uso de dados atualísticos pode ser efetuado, com algumas reservas; aparentemente as conchas dos lingulídeos devonianos eram mais biomineralizadas (não significa que eram mais espessas) que as conchas de lingulídeos atuais, o que aumentaria o potencial de fossilização dos lingulídeos devonianos, afetando sua tafonomia e explicando, por exemplo, a ocorrência de fragmentos de lingulídeos preservados no registro paleozóico; outro fator observado é de que há provavelmente um tendenciamento analítico negativo para a presença de fragmentos de organismos quitinofosfáticos no registro cenozóico. Além disso, as características intrínsecas dos lingulídeos podem sim ser a chave para o reconhecimento de situações deposicionais específicas, ao longo dos tratos de sistemas. Finalmente, a correta identificação taxonômica ajuda a prevenir erros tafonômicos interpretativos; no caso dos lingulídeos aqui estudados, o(s) tipo(s) de preservação dos bioclastos não auxiliou em sua classificação taxonômica específica, mas, com o uso de uma nomenclatura aberta e com o máximo de dados taxonômicos observados foi possível propor o fim do gênero Lingula, e a utilização de Lingularia cf. para se referir aos fósseis de lingulídeos do Devoniano da bacia do Paraná.Devonian fossils of infaunal lingulid brachiopods (lingulids) are the main study object of the present dissertation. Taphonomic and stratigraphic data, associated with the record of the Devonian lingulids were collected. The main factors influencing the choice of this group as the subject of study were: abundance of specimens, their different occurrence forms, absence in some outcrops, and the presence of extant species (i.e.similar animals that live at present and that can cooperate with (paleo)biological, (paleo)ecological and taphonomical studies of the fossil forms). Thirty-two outcrops were analyzed in terms of their lithologies and sedimentary structures; when possible, high resolution taphonomic data was obtained and sequence stratigraphic analyses were preformed on the outcrops. Every fossil specimen found was properly considered, i.e. there was no tendency to collect only lingulids. The investigated outcrops pertain to the Devonian succession of the sedimentary Paraná Basin; presently they occupy the Campos Gerais phytogeographic region, Paraná State, Brazil. A taphonomic database was constructed to analyze the collected material. During the period at the Virginia Tech Institution, scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive x-ray was used to analyze lingulids of exceptional preservation. During this same period, statistical analyses were applied to Devonian and Miocenic/Eocenic fossil material containing lingulids. Visits to some museum collections were done with comparative aims, once the taxonomic problematic of the Devonian lingulids had already entered the dissertation list of issues. The main hypothesis of the present dissertation are linked to the following possibilities: (1) the use of recent lingulids to interpret the Devonian lingulid record; (2) that lingulid intrinsic characteristics (i.e. chitinophosphatic shell, infaunal life habit) could act as agents of preferential preservation in different depositional contexts; and (3) the taphonomic analysis being dependent of a true lingulid taxonomy. The obtained results indicate that actualistic data can be used but within these careful paramaters: (1) Devonian lingulids were more biomineralized (though not implying that they were thicker) when compared to recent ones, which could enhance the preservation potential of the fossil lingulids and would affect their taphonomy (this could explain the presence of fragmented lingulids in the Paleozoic record); (2) there is a negative analytical bias accounting for the absence of fragmented lingulids in Cenozoic record; (3) the intrinsic lingulid characteristics can be used as a key to recognize specific depositional environments, over successive systems tracts; and (4) the correct taxonomic identification helps to avoid taphonomical interpretative errors. In the present case, the lingulid type(s) of preservation did not help to achieve an accurate diagnosis of the genus. It was possible, instead, to abolish Lingula and use Lingularia cf. to refer to the Devonian lingulids of the Paraná Basin.
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Elrick, Maya. "Depositional and diagenetic history of the Devonian Guilmette Formation, southern Goshute Range, Elko County, Nevada /." 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9365.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 1986.Typescript (photocopy). Three ill. and one map folded in pocket. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-109). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Nelson, Storr L. "Lower and Middle Devonian carbonate-platform and outer-shelf-basin deposits flanking Railroad Valley, Nevada." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34319.
Full textAbstract:
Lower and Middle Devonian strata crop out on the former
stable carbonate platform that existed in the Quinn Canyon Range,
through the carbonate shelf edge in the Pancake Range, to the
carbonate slope and outer-shelf basin in the Reveille Range.
The strata of the Reveille Range record a transition from
deposition on the carbonate platform in the Lower Devonian, to
deposition at the carbonate platform margin, to deposition in the
outer-shelf basin in the Middle Devonian. Conodonts collected from
the base of the Sevy Dolomite yield a kindlei-Zone age, an indication
that the Sevy Dolomite is younger than previously recognized.
Throughout the Lower and Middle Devonian, carbonate strata
of the Pancake Range and Quinn Canyon Range were deposited on the
shallow carbonate platform. Conodonts collected from the base of the
Lower Alternating Member of the Simonson Dolomite in the Quinn
Canyon Range have a slightly older age (serotinus- to costatus Zone)
than other eastern Nevada locations.
The Lower Devonian Sevy Dolomite was deposited in a shallow
carbonate subtidal through supratidal environment and is similar in
outcrop throughout the ranges. Petrographic studies show that the
samples are lithologically and diagenetically similar, indicating a
similar intensity of dolomitization from the precursor calcareous
mudstone. The Formation classifies as bioturbated mudstone and
wackestone.
The Middle Devonian Simonson Dolomite was deposited in
shallow carbonate subtidal through supratidal environments. The
Simonson Dolomite was affected by Milankovitch Cycles, glacioeustatic
oscillations of sea level, producing a characteristic rhythmic
bedding.
The Middle Devonian Sadler Ranch Formation and Denay
Limestone are lithologically and diagenetically different from the
shallow water deposits of the Lone Mountain Dolomite, Sevy
Dolomite, and Simonson Dolomite. The Sadler Ranch Formation and
Denay Limestone were deposited at the carbonate platform edge and
on the carbonate slope and outer-shelf basin, respectively. The
Sadler Ranch Formation is dolomitized and may be classified as
fossiliferous wackestone and mudstone. The Denay Limestone is not
dolomitized and is classified as mudstone and fossiliferous grainstone
and packstone.
Dolomitization in the Paleozoic strata of Nevada is a secondary
feature, an early diagenetic replacement of strata which were
originally limestone. This replacement process was controlled by
transgressions and regressions of the shoreline. Shallow carbonate
platform deposits (shelfal and tidal-flat) are dolomitized, whereas
deep water outer-shelf basin and slope deposits are not.Graduation date: 1997
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Fourie, Pieter Hugo. "Provenance and Paleotectonic setting of the Devonian Bokkeveld Group, Cape Supergroup, South Africa." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4331.
Full textAbstract:
M.Sc.The Lower Devonian Bokkeveld Group is the Middle unit of the tripartite Cape Supergroup, which outcrops along the western, southern and eastern coastline of South Africa. A well-established sedimentary and stratigraphic understanding of the Bokkeveld Group allowed for geochemical and geochronological investigation in order to gain insight into the provenance characteristics, as well as the paleotectonic environment of the provenance areas. In order to observe any changes within the Bokkeveld Basin, complete profiles for geochemical investigation were sampled in the western, southern and eastern parts of the basin, and compared. Major and trace element patterns suggest that the western part of the basin received detrital input from felsic, magmatically evolved, and possibly alkaline sources, and that the sediment was highly recycled before deposition. Furthermore, the geochemistry suggests that the western part of the basin experienced “passive margin” type sedimentation. The geochemistry of the southern basin, in contrast, suggests input from less evolved, non-alkaline sources, and predicts sedimentation under “active margin” conditions for the lower part of the group. The eastern basin is geochemically intermediate between the western and southern basins. Zircon populations for the three parts of the basin further suggest that sources of different ages fed the three parts of the basin. The zircon population of the western basin suggests that the Namaqua Natal Belt (Mesoproterozoic) and Neoproterozoic cover successions were the major source of detritus, with only minor input from Paleozoic sources. The eastern basin also appears to have sourced mainly Namaquan aged material as well as Neoproterozoic material, with no Paleozoic input. The southern basin has a remarkably different zircon population, with the majority of grains being Paleozoic in age, and only a few Neoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic grains. Furthermore, many of the grains are younger than any known source-rocks on the Kalahari Craton, and thus allude to input from an extra-Kalahari source into the southern part of the basin. The youngest grain from the southern basin overlaps with the established depositional age of the Bokkeveld Group, suggesting some syn-depositional or briefly pre-depositional magmatic activity in the source area(s) of the southern basin, as predicted by the geochemistry. The complete lack of zircon ages older than the Namaqua Natal Belt (Mesoproterozoic), would suggest that the Archean to Paleoproterozoic inner part of the Kalahari Craton, the Kaapvaal Craton, was not sourced by the Bokkeveld Group. This is most likely due to the Namaqua Natal Belt having served as a large east-west trending morphological divide during Bokkeveld deposition, preventing transport of detritus from the craton interior. Remarkably, this would suggest that the Namaqua Natal Mountain Range must have survived erosion and persisted as a morphological boundary for ca. 600 Ma to serve as the major source of detritus for the Bokkeveld Group. Even an extensive, craton-fringing sedimentary cover-succession such as the Bokkeveld Group, may thus not provide a “detrital fingerprint” of the craton interior, and paleogeographical implications must be taken into consideration during provenance studies. Paleocurrent directions for the Bokkeveld Group indicate a west to east transport direction in the southern part of the basin, and as such, a western, extra-Kalahari source, most likely the Rio de La Plata Craton and surrounds, is expected to have been the source of both the young Paleozoic zircons, as well as undifferentiated material as revealed in the geochemistry.
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"Sedimentology, ichnology, and stratigraphic architecture of the upper Devonian-lower Mississippian Bakken Formation, west-central Saskatchewan." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-06-2130.
Full textAbstract:
The Upper Devonian-Lower Mississippian Bakken Formation has recently become a prolific producer of light gravity oil in southeastern Saskatchewan since the advent of horizontal drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracture technologies, which has resulted in an increase in geological studies within the area. However, the Bakken Formation of west-central Saskatchewan has been producing heavy oil since the 1950s, and has comparatively received much less attention than its southeastern counterpart.
The Bakken Formation is the youngest member of the Three Forks Group and unconformably overlies the Big Valley Formation. In west-central Saskatchewan, the Bakken Formation can be conformably overlain by the Mississippian carbonates of the Madison Group or unconformably overlain by the Lower Cretaceous Mannville Group.
A tripartite subdivision is applied to the Bakken Formation, with a mixed clastic/carbonate Middle Member deposited between Lower and Upper Black Shale Members. Based on detailed core description, eight facies have been defined for the Bakken Formation of west-central Saskatchewan: Facies 1 (Lower and Upper Black Shale members), Facies 2 (bioturbated siltstone/sandstone), Facies 3 (wave-rippled sandstone), Facies 4 (bioclastic grainstone), Facies 5 (interbedded mudstone, siltstone, and very fine-grained sandstone), Facies 6 (very fine- to fine-grained sandstone), Facies 7 (bioturbated siltstone/sandstone), and Facies 8 (massive and brecciated siltstone).
Deposition of the Bakken Formation in west-central Saskatchewan occurred under either open-marine or marginal-marine conditions. Facies association 1 (open-marine interval), which is made up of F1 through F4, is characterized by the distal Cruziana Ichnofacies. It was deposited within a wave-dominated shallow-marine depositional environment. Facies association 2 (marginal-marine interval), which is comprised of F5 through F8, shows scarce biogenic structures, most likely as a result of brackish-water conditions.
Geological mapping (structure surface and isopach) of the facies and facies associations has aided in illustrating their lateral distribution. However, mapping of the overlying Mississippian carbonates and sub-Mesozoic unconformity shows that post-Mississippian erosion was a controlling factor in the distribution and preservation of Bakken Formation deposits, which creates uncertainty when interpreting geological maps and stratigraphic cross-sections. Although post-Mississippian erosion causes problems when reconstructing the depositional history and stratigraphic architecture of the Bakken Formation, it illustrates the importance of not performing stratigraphic studies within a vacuum, only focusing on the formation of interest. Rather, underlying and overlying units must be studied to see whether or not the unit of interest’s deposition and distribution has been affected by pre- and post-depositional events.