Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Strategic Regulations Theory'

Based within the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the overall objective of this thesis was to examine how motivational processes involved in the regulation of eating give rise to different self-regulation strategies in terms of eating quality and quantity, and how the adoption of these strategies influence women’s eating behaviors and life satisfaction over time. This objective was achieved through a series of eight studies, divided into four manuscripts. First, a measure that would allow us to assess healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors based on recent recommendations of Canada’s Food Guide was developed and validated. In Manuscript #1, we validated the Healthy and Unhealthy Eating Behavior Scale (HUEBS) by examining the structure of the scale (Study 1 N = 360; Study 2 N = 711) and by establishing convergent validity through the examination of the relationships between motivational concepts, healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors as measured by the HUEBS, and waist circumference (Study 2 N = 711; Study 3 N = 264). Results supported the factor structure of the scale. It was also demonstrated that as women moved along stages of change for eating regulation, they reported higher levels of self-determined (versus non-self-determined) motivation and a higher consumption of healthy (versus unhealthy) foods. Furthermore, findings showed that healthy eating fully mediated the relationship between self-determined motivation and waist-circumference, and that the relationship between self-determined motivation and healthy eating was moderated by stages of change. Since there was also a need to develop a scale that would allow us to measure planning and self-monitoring strategies in terms of eating quality (i.e., nutrient intake) and quantity (i.e., calories and portion sizes), Manuscript #2 validated the Planning and Self-Monitoring the Quality and Quantity Scale (PMQQS; Study 1 N = 355; Study 2 N = 318). Results supported the 6-factor structure of the scale and demonstrated that strategies related to the quality of eating were more strongly and positively associated with healthy eating and more strongly and negatively associated with unhealthy eating, whereas strategies related to the quantity of eating were more strongly and positively associated with bulimic symptoms and Body Mass Index (BMI). Manuscript #3 then examined if the strategies assessed by the PMQQS provided additional variance to eating behaviors over and above the effects of motivation (Study 1 N = 456) and if the strategies mediated the relationships between motivation and eating, while controlling for BMI (Study 1 N = 456; Study 2 N = 979). Overall, it was found that strategies played a significant role in explaining eating behaviors and that planning and self-monitoring the quality of eating mediated the relationships between autonomous motivation and healthy and unhealthy eating, whereas planning and self-monitoring the quantity of eating mediated the relationship between controlled motivation and bulimic symptoms. Finally, in Manuscript #4, we tested a longitudinal model (N = 230) examining the roles of goals and motivation in the prediction of the strategies and various types of eating and the effects of adopting these behaviors on life satisfaction over a 3-month period. Results revealed that intrinsic goals were positively associated with autonomous motivation whereas extrinsic goals were positively associated with controlled motivation for eating regulation at Time 1 (the baseline), and that autonomous motivation positively predicted quality strategies whereas controlled motivation positively predicted quantity strategies at Time 2 (1 month). Planning and self-monitoring quality then predicted healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors, whereas planning and self-monitoring quantity predicted bulimic symptoms at Time 3 (3 months). Finally, healthy eating was positively associated with life satisfaction, whereas bulimic symptoms was negatively associated with life satisfaction at Time 3. Overall, this thesis increases knowledge on why some women succeed, whereas others fail, to regulate their eating behaviors over time.

The purpose of this study is to investigate (1) how mathematics instructors develop their students’ metacognitive abilities concretely within mathematics instruction and (2) whether these teachers feel adequately prepared to develop their students’ metacognitive abilities. Qualitative email interviews with credentialed secondary school mathematics teachers in Sweden were used. Analysis of the participants’ interview responses indicate that the participants reported a limited use of the metacognitive teaching strategies described in the research. Although teacher responses indicated stress, frustration, and irritation and their responses indicated limited proficiency in their intuitive declarative metacognitive knowledge of thinking skills, whether or not teachers feel adequately prepared to develop their students’ metacognitive abilities cannot be completely answered by this study.

The audit firms play an important role in the capital markets by verifying that auditors provide reliable information to the decision makers. However, trust in auditing firms has been questioned following Enron‘s failure and accounting scandals at WorldCom and other companies. As a result, Arthur Anderson failed and the number of big audit firms fell to four firms and no one knows who might be next. Defond and Francis (2005) believe that a critical trigger occurred when Deloitte & Touch issued a “clean” peer review report on Arthur Andersen in December 2001, just a few weeks before Andersen publicly announced that it had shredded documents related to Enron audit. The credibility and integrity of the profession‘s self-regulation program was immediately in doubt. To protect public interests and to restore confidence in the capital markets, the USA government issued the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) in 2002. Similarly, the Financial Reporting Council in the UK provided the Professional Oversight Board with similar mission. This thesis aims to explore the role of independent audit regulators in promoting confidence in the audit profession, and analyse the big four firms’ strategies that react toward these regulatory changes in the audit markets. The lack of studies in this area supports the use of grounded theory as a research methodology. 24 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the top management level of the audit regulators and big four firms’ partners. This study contributes to the literature as it provides a better understanding of the satisfaction of the big four audit firms toward the new independent regulators, and how these firms react toward the additional requirements of the independent inspectors.

Tidigare forskning visar på problematiken beträffande elevers motivation i skolan. Problematiken som framgår är att fler elever är omotiverade till att delta i matematik samt idrott och hälsa än för några år sedan. Tidigare forskning lyfter även fram vikten av att det är lärarnas främsta ansvar att motivera eleverna i skolan. Tidigare forskning lyfter fram att motivation påverkar elevernas delaktighet i undervisningen. Syftet med studien är att skaffa bredare förståelse för vilka strategier lärare använder för att skapa yttre motivation i ämnet matematik samt idrott och hälsa. För att besvara syftet och forskningsfrågorna har observationer, ostrukturerade intervjuer, fältanteckningar och ljudinspelning används som datainsamlingsmetod. Tre metodfrågor har även det varit till hjälp för att besvara studiens forskningsfrågor. Det teoretiska ramverket som använts i studien är Self-determination theory. Det genomfördes ett urval av det insamlade materialet där den yttre motivationen kunde identifieras. Analysen visade på att alla typer av yttre motivation (external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation) användes i undervisningen. Analysavsnittet visade även på att lärarna använde strategierna i olika hög grad i respektive ämne. Det innebar att den yttre motivationen kunde identifieras mer under idrottslektionerna än på matematiklektionerna. Likheter och skillnader mellan matematikundervisningen och idrottsundervisningen har även identifierats beträffande de olika typerna av yttre motivation.
The first part of this review is regarding the lack of motivation amongst pupils in school. Bottom line in this review is about how motivation has an influence in the participation in the pupil’s education. Pervious research shows that motivation affects the participation in education. Previous research also showed that teachers have a responsibility to motivate pupils in school. The pupil’s motivation in education has a big influence of the participation in class. The purpose is to investigate which strategies teachers use to motivate pupils in mathematics and physical education. The review used the methods observations, structured interviews, notes and sound recording to answer the purpose and research questions. Self-determination theory has used a framework in the review. A selection has been done, from the collected material, which proved to be external motivation. The analyse shows that every type of external motivation was visible (external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation) in education. The analyse section in the review, shows that teachers predomenantly, used motivation in different ways. External motivation been visibility the most in physical education class, than in lecture in math. The results have proved that all the types of external motivation were visible.

This thesis concerns the development of the self-regulation of advertising in Sweden from 1950 until 1971. Self-regulation was initiated in the 1930s due to a business desire to regulate fair competition in marketing, and while it initially was a minor operation, the 1950s and 1960s were characterized by extensive development. When self-regulation was overtaken by state policies in 1971, it included several interlocking systems, of which parts survived the introduction of the state regime. The thesis’ aim has been to analyze how the rapid regime transitions in the self-regulation regime can be understood. The existing literature identifies four major transitions that occurred during the studied time period. To understand them, the thesis has studied the policy processes leading up to these transitions. Focus has been on the business interest organizations that controlled the regime and their regulatory strategies. Theoretically, the analysis has departed from the hypothesis that tensions between these organizations, due to their members’ different market interests and varying levels of exposure to regulation and public badwill, to a significant degree informed their strategic choices as well as policy outcomes. The results show that the policy processes preceding the regime transitions were characterized by internal tensions, whereby organizations representing advertisers, and to a lesser degree media carriers, due to their members’ higher level of exposure to regulation and public badwill, successfully supported stronger market policing, while ad agencies, being less exposed, as well as a peak industry organization for the proliferation of marketing largely opposed such measures, preferring a more lenient regulation. However, due to increased exposure to regulation and bad will, the ad agencies finally abandoned their opposition and took the lead in regulatory innovation through the introduction of an extensive clearance program that survived the launch of the state regime, becoming a key component in the co-regulatory structure that followed.

Corporate governance is a leading factor in organizational performance, financial reporting, and stakeholder satisfaction. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies that senior managers in the accounting industry implement to enforce corporate governance and improve organizational performance. The conceptual framework for the study was stakeholder theory. The population for this study included 3 senior managers of 3 different organizations in the accounting industry located in western United States. Data were collected through semistructured face-to-face interviews and from review of documented corporate governance strategies. The data analysis consisted of the following steps: compiling the data, disassembling the data, reassembling the data, interpreting the data, and drawing conclusions. Three themes emerged from this study: corporate governance, laws, rules, and regulations; the role of corporate governance in organizational performance; and effective corporate governance strategies. The results of this study may contribute to social change by improving the quality of employees' work lives. With improved quality of employee work life, employers may benefit from higher productivity, and consumers may experience improved services.

There is a lack of empirical research on the motivational regulation and reactions of higher education students enrolled in blended courses. Studies that target this focus with nontraditional adult learners enrolled in the community college are even more difficult to locate. In this mixed-methods exploratory case study, I explored in what ways nontraditional adult learners' motivational regulation and their motivational reactions to course design relate to their perceived learning experience in a blended technology course with a flipped design. Specifically, I investigated how nontraditional community college students described their goals for participating in a blended course prior to the start of the class, in what ways they utilized motivational regulation strategies within the course, how they described their motivational reactions to a blended course developed with a flipped design, and how they perceived their goal accomplishments at the end of the course. The following A Priori questions guided my research: 1. In what ways do five nontraditional community college students describe their goals for participating in a blended technology course with a flipped design prior to the start of the class? 2. How do these students describe their motivational regulation experiences in the blended technology course on their responses to the Motivational Regulation Strategies Questionnaire? 3. How do these students perceive the motivational aspects of the course design as measured by the Course Interest Survey? 4. In what ways do these students perceive they achieved their described goals at the end of the course? I collected quantitative and qualitative data in the Fall semester of 2017 from five purposefully selected nontraditional adult community college learners who voluntarily engaged in the inquiry. I used several data collection instruments throughout the study. I collected quantitative data via three questionnaires: (1) a Demographics, Goals, and Interest Survey (2) the Motivational Regulation Strategies questionnaire, and (3) the Course Interest Survey. I gathered qualitative data through (1) participant electronic journals, (2) semi-structured interviews and (3) a researcher's reflective journal. There are both practical and theoretical implications to this study. The results of this research suggest guidelines on how to design an effective blended course for nontraditional students enrolled in the community college arena. The information gleaned might be used to further develop and redesign future blended courses for nontraditional community college students who seek alternative modes of content delivery for the purposes of continued learning and convenience of integration into their busy lifestyles. The findings from this study contribute to at least two bodies of empirical research literature: (1) motivational regulation strategies employed by nontraditional community college students and the (2) development of blended courses with motivational design to help nontraditional community college adult learners obtain their learning goals.

Learner-controlled e-learning has become a preferred medium for the delivery of organizational training. While e-learning offers organizations and trainees many advantages, it also comes with several potential disadvantages. The aim of this study was to explore the relative efficacy of learner- and program-controlled e-learning for content that differs in its complexity. This study also explored cognitive load as a differential mediator of the interaction between learner control and training content complexity for predicting cognitive and behavioral learning outcomes. Finally, learning goal orientation was explored as a motivational individual difference that helps learners cope with complex, learner-controlled e-learning environments. Results suggest that while there is little difference between learners in learner- and program-controlled e-learning environments for content that is relatively simple in nature, complex, learner-controlled e-learning environments are detrimental to cognitive learning relative to complex, program-controlled environments. Moreover, the results suggest that this interaction is differentially mediated by cognitive load, suggesting that complex, learner-controlled environments induce high cognitive demands onto learners which ultimately inhibit cognitive learning. Finally, learning goal orientation was identified as more facilitative individual difference in learner-controlled e-learning environments relative to program-controlled and simple training environments. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are also discussed.

Familjeutredare på akut- och utredningshem är en yrkesgrupp som arbetar med utredning av föräldrars omsorgsförmåga. I arbetet träffar familjeutredaren dagligen människor som befinner sig i svåra livsskeenden. Detta ställer krav på familjeutredarens förmåga att hantera emotioner. Studiens syfte var att bidra till en djupare förståelse för familjeutredares emotionella lönearbete, vilka emotionella krav som ställs och hur de hanterar det. Studien utgick från Grundad teori (GT) och datainsamling innefattade sju semistrukturerade intervjuer. Studien resulterade i en teoretisk modell där utgångspunkten var ett emotionellt lönearbete som präglas av en moralisk konflikt. Det centrala i modellen är att arbetet kräver å ena sidan en balansering av förväntningarna på ett moraliskt upprätthållande arbete och å andra sidan det moraliska ifrågasättande som arbetet väcker. För att balansera denna konflikt använder sig familjeutredarna av emotionsstrategier.
Child protection investigators are an occupational group who investigates parentsability to take care of their children. In their everyday work child protection investigators meet parents who find themselves in a difficult life situation. The investigator must therefore have the ability to manage emotions. The aim of this study was to contribute to a deeper understanding of child protection investigators emotional labor, their emotional demands and how they handle them. The methodology used in this study was Grounded theory (GT). Data were collected from seven informants. The findings show that child protection investigators' emotional labor is characterized by a moral conflict. This conflict arises when child protection investigators start questioning the bases of their work. To balance this moral conflict they use emotion strategies.

No dia-a-dia da sala de aula, quando propõe situações de aprendizagem, o professor fica surpreso em constatar que os alunos desenvolvem uma série de condutas. Algumas, que não parecem muito lógicas, revelam-se eficazes, ao passo que outras, aparentemente mais adequadas, dão resultados desconcertantes. Como compreender o que o aluno faz ou quis fazer? Como perceber suas verdadeiras aprendizagens? Nesse contexto que este trabalho teve como foco principal a investigação sobre como promover e evidenciar, por meio de estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem mediadas pelas TIC, processos metacognitivos nos sujeitos em ADA/AVA. Para responder a questão norteadora, estudos sobre processo de internalização, metacognição, mediação e estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem foram realizados sob uma perspectiva sóciointeracionista. O presente trabalho estruturou-se num estudo de caso (multicasos) de três alunos de ensino fundamental que participaram de um programa social na cidade de Novo Hamburgo. Os resultados mostraram que as estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem Tempestade Cerebral, Portfólio, Solução de Problemas e Mapas Conceituais, através de ações mediadas em ambientes ADA/AVA, evidenciam e promovem processos metacognitivos.
The teacher may surprised to find out that students develop a series of pipes, when he offers learning situations on day-to-day classroom. Some, that do not seem very logical, are prove effective, while others, seemingly more appropriate, have confusing results. How to understand what students do or wanted to do? How to realize their true learning? In this context this study was focus ,researching on how to promote and demonstrate through strategies of teaching/learning ,mediated by ICT, in the individual metacognitive processes through digital and virtual learning environment. To answer the research question, studies on internalization process, metacognition, mediation and teaching/learning strategies are carried out under a socio-interactionist perspective. This work was structured in a case study (multicases) of three primary school students who participated in a social program in the city of Novo Hamburgo. The results showed the strategy of teaching and learning: Brainstorm, Portfolio, Problem Solving and Conceptual Maps, through actions mediated in digital and virtual learning environments showing and promoting metacognition process.

Les années récentes ont été marquées par le renforcement des réglementations en matière de diffusion de l’information sociale et environnementale. Cette thèse s’intéresse à l'information comptable à caractère environnemental (ICE) dans ce contexte en pleine évolution. Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre d’analyse de la théorie néo-institutionnelle et porte sur la notion de normativité. Trois études empiriques, traitant pour chacune d’elle une dimension du processus de diffusion de l’information sont menées. Elles sont toutes trois réalisées dans le cadre réglementaire français. Le premier article identifie comment les entreprises renseignent l’ICE et les stratégies qui en découlent face à la publication d'une nouvelle loi générale. À partir d’une analyse de contenu des rapports annuels de 96 sociétés cotées sur la période 2009-2014, les résultats montrent que l’introduction de la loi n’a pas favorisé une plus grande transparence dans l’ICE et l’on observe que les firmes qui y sont soumises choisissent différentes réponses. Le deuxième article se focalise sur les coulisses de ces stratégies de publication afin d'examiner la manière dont les producteurs de l’information s’organisent pour répondre aux règlementations auxquelles ils sont soumis. Les résultats d’une étude de 8 cas multiples montrent que deux stratégies distinctes apparaissent en fonction du type d'ICE. Le troisième article s’attache finalement à observer le comportement des utilisateurs de l’information financière en réaction aux stratégies de diffusion déployées par les entreprises. Nous observons l’évolution de leurs recommandations d’investissement et leurs perceptions quant à l’utilité perçue et la crédibilité accordée à l’ICE. À travers une étude expérimentale menée auprès de 145 participants, il s’avère que ces stratégies modifient la perception de l’utilité et de la crédibilité de cette information. L’ensemble de ces résultats contribue à la compréhension de la manière dont les entreprises (et les acteurs) développent des stratégies pour s’adapter à l’introduction de nouvelles réglementations
Corporate environmental reporting is becoming more and more widespread and regulated. This dissertation specifically focuses on environmental accounting information (EAI) in this context. Our research draws on neo-institutional theory and concerns the concept of normativity. Three empirical studies, each dealing with one dimension of the information disclosure process, are conducted. They are all carried out in the French regulatory context. The first study examines how companies disclose EAI and the strategies adopted after the adoption of a new law. Based on a content analysis of the annual reports of 96 listed companies over the period 2009-2014, the results show that the law did not favor greater transparency in the EAI and we observe that companies choose different reponses to the law. The second study focuses on behind the scenes of these strategies to identify how producers of information organize themselves to respond to the regulations they are subject to. The results of 8 case studies show that two distinct strategies appear depending on the type of EAI. The third study focuses on the users of information behavior and how they react to the firms’ disclosure strategies. We consider the point of view of financial analysts by investigating the effect of firms’ EAI disclosure strategies on investment recommendations and perceptions of this item (as regards to both the relevance and credibility of information). Through an experimental study conducted with 145 participants, it turned out that these strategies modify both the perception of relevance and credibility of information. Overall, the dissertation contributes to our understanding of how companies (and actors) develop strategies to adapt to the introduction of new regulations

Obesity is one of the major public health issues in the United States, often regarded as part of a global crisis. Companies invest billions of dollars each year towards television advertising campaigns aimed at convincing audiences how their ground-breaking discovery 'battles the bulge' or somehow offers an increased health benefit. This study examined how advertisers presented health-related claims, including health and nutrient-content claims, in U.S. adult-targeted television food commercials. The claims were compared to FTC, FDA, and USDA laws, regulations, and recommendations. A content analysis of food advertising was conducted of commercials from major and cable network programs broadcast during prime-time in the first quarter of 2009. The majority of claims match current regulations when compared to Federal references. The results show that Nutrient and Wellness claims were the most frequently cited. The type of benefit, Healthy Eating, emerged almost 3 times more than any other benefit type. This is also similar to those results which suggest advertisers' intentions were to promote overall wellness in their content delivery. As such, the Wellness Approach was identified and conceptualized, leading towards full development of a Wellness Effect theory. Implications and future research opportunities are discussed on both a theoretical and practical level.
M.A.
Nicholson School of Communication
Sciences
Communication MA

This study employed the theoretical framework of Albert Bandura???s social cognitive theory, to investigate how differing levels of self-efficacy impact on both the type and degree of self-regulatory behaviour employed by the students when composing music in a high school music program. The literature review revealed an abundance of related research suggesting a strong relationship between self-efficacy and self-regulated behaviour in the ???core??? academic domains of education. In contrast, there was no specific research found that had examined self-efficacy and self-regulation in the context of students composing music. An independent school in Sydney served as the research site, with sixty-eight students of varied year levels and musical experience participating in the study. Students used stand alone computers, the software ???Cubase??? and MIDI keyboards as they completed a task that involved creating an original piece of music in a genre of their own choice, over a series of four composition sessions. A mixed methodology was employed to determine if the influence of the students??? self-efficacy beliefs upon their self-regulation in a creative activity were consistent with existing research. Data were collected using a mixture of weekly measures and self-report scales, combined with a variety of questionnaires, logs, tally sheets and interviews. Eight variables, including the self-regulatory sub-processes of goal setting-strategic planning, intrinsic motivation, goal orientation, task expectation, time on task, task completion, monitoring were analysed together with an additional variable, defined as creative ability, to determine if evidence could be found of a relationship between self-efficacy and these specific behaviours while composing. The results suggest that the pre-task (Week 1) measure of self-efficacy was closely associated with the students??? use of the eight self-regulatory dimensions as well as their perceived level of creative ability. Weekly self-efficacy measures also suggested that students??? employ self-regulated sub-processes proportionally to their respective levels of self-efficacy. Importantly, the more efficacious students employed a wider and more sophisticated repertoire of self-regulated behaviour when composing in contrast to the less efficacious students. Self-efficacy was also identified as a key factor amongst students who were initially identified as being naive self-regulators, but who through the duration of the task, modified their behaviour to become more skilful self-regulators. Throughout the study, the consistent level of interaction between self-efficacy and the use of self-regulated behaviours were aligned with findings in the core ???academic??? disciplines of education.

Quels sont les mécanismes motivationnels et cognitifs qui soutiennent les stratégies de recherche d'emploi mises en œuvre par les diplômés du supérieur ? Telle est la question qui fonde les analyses effectuées dans cette thèse. Les développements y relatifs s'articulent sur trois niveaux imbriqués. Le premier examine la relation entre les dimensions mises en évidence par la théorie sociale cognitive de la carrière (TSCC) (Lent, Hackett et Brown, 1994), et la performance en recherche d'emploi. Le second a pour objectif d'introduire les stratégies d'autorégulation (STARE) en vue d'analyser dans quelle mesure elles peuvent médiatiser la relation entre le sentiment d'efficacité personnelle (SEP), l'objectif professionnel (OPRO), le projet professionnel (PPRO), les difficultés perçues (DIFF) et la performance. Enfin, ces deux premiers niveaux d'analyse se justifient par le besoin d'appréhender les mécanismes motivationnels et cognitifs auxquels se greffent les facteurs contextuels et sous-tendent les dynamiques de recherche d'emploi. La configuration actuelle du marché du travail rend de plus en plus saillante une évidence : le processus d'insertion professionnel n'est pas linéaire et, même à parcours de formation égal, les diplômés ne sont pas égaux face aux difficultés marquant l'accès à l'emploi. En s'appuyant sur un échantillon de 50 curriculum vitae (CV) de demandeurs d'emploi (étude 1), deux échantillons de 410 salariés (étude 2) et 384 sans emploi (étude 3), tous diplômés du supérieur, cette recherche conduite au Cameroun et en France montre d'une part que les variables d'intention ou les attentes de résultats et le sentiment d'efficacité personnelle sont de bons prédicteurs de performance, conformément à la littérature internationale sur la TSCC. D'autre part, l'examen des liens entre les dimensions suscitées et la performance en recherche d'emploi, par le biais de médiations simples, multiples et modérées, montre que les stratégies d'autorégulation introduites dans le modèle TSCC constituent un médiateur significatif de l'effet de l'ensemble des variables sur la réussite des salariés, de l'objectif professionnel et du projet professionnel sur le devenir des sans emploi, et du sentiment d'efficacité personnelle uniquement lorsqu'on procède à une analyse différenciée selon le sexe. En conclusion, les résultats suggèrent que contrairement aux logiques et parcours de recherche d'emploi traditionnels établis, la configuration actuelle du marché du travail impulserait de nouvelles formes d'organisation et d'ajustement chez les acteurs qui y évoluent
What are the motivational and cognitive mechanisms that support job search strategies implemented by the graduates? This question is the base of the analyses carried out in this thesis work. The related developments are based on three nested levels. The first one examines the relationship between dimensions highlighted by the social cognitive theory of career (TSCC) (Lent, Brown and Hackett, 1994), and performance in job search. The second objective introduce self-regulation strategies (STARE) in order to analyze to what extent they can mediate the relationship between self-efficacy (SEP), career objective (OPRO), professional project (PPRO), perceived difficulties (DIFF) and performance. Finally, the first two levels of analysis are justified by the need to understand the motivational and cognitive mechanisms associated to contextual factors and underly dynamics of job search. The current labour market setup increases the relevance of obviousness: professional insertion process is not linear and even with same training courses, graduates are not equals face to difficulties regarding employment access. Based on a sample of 50 curricula vitae (CV) of job seekers (Study 1), two samples of 410 employees (study 2) and 384 job seekers (study 3), all of them graduates, the research carried out both in Cameroon and France shows on one side that the variables of intent or outcome expectations and self-efficacy are good predictors of performance, in accordance with the international literature on the TSCC. On the other side, relationship analysis between these dimensions and performance aroused in job search through simple, multiple and moderate mediations, shows that self-regulation strategies introduced in the TSCC model constitute a significant mediator of the effect of all variables on the employees success, the professional goal and the professional project on the future of job seekers, and of self-efficacy solely when performing an analysis differentiated by gender. To end with, the results suggest that contrary to established logic and traditional path of job search, the current configuration of the labor market would boost new forms of organization and adjustment among actors who evolve in this sector

博士
國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系
104
This study focuses on the relationship among emotional display rules, emotion regulation strategies and emotional experiences, and then examines the mediation effects of emotional experiences between emotion regulation strategies and job engagement. The 234 questionnaires done by employees have been collected through from the Online-survey. The results show that the cluster analysis has been used to confirm the configuration between emotional display rules and emotion regulation strategies, so the different cluster (administration, sales service and receptionist) may influence emotional experiences (positive and self-affirmation, aggravation and yearn)。However, the positive and self-affirmation involves partially mediations that can affect surface acting and job engagement, but the other emotional experiences were not significant. In addition, the positive and self-affirmation includes partially mediations which influence deep acting and job engagement as well. On the other hand, the aggravation, sadness and yearn involve partially mediations that will affect deep acting and job engagement, but the anxiety was not significant. Finally, the theoretical contribution, practical implications, limitations and implications for future research of this study will be also discussed.

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Psicologia apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação
O desequilíbrio entre os sistemas de regulação emocional (Soothing, Threat e Drive) associa-se à psicopatologia. A Fobia Social (FS) em adolescentes tem sido associada a dificuldades de regulação emocional. A Variabilidade do Ritmo Cardíaco (VRC) é um indicador psicofisiológico de regulação emocional. Existem poucos estudos focados na VRC e FS. O DSM-5 remete para diferenças interindividuais na FS – os indivíduos evitam ou enfrentam com elevado desconforto as situações sociais – que ainda não foram estudadas a nível psicofisiológico e emocional. Indivíduos com FS ficam presos entre o sistema de Drive e o sistema de Threat. Através de um procedimento experimental com recurso a um cenário auditivo ativador do sistema de Drive – sistema de procura de recursos e incentivos – este estudo pretende testar diferenças a nível psicofisiológico (Ritmo Cardíaco; VRC) e na perceção de emoções, numa amostra de adolescentes (n=160) sem psicopatologia (n = 80; amostra comunitária) e com FS (n = 80; amostra clínica), equilibradas na distribuição de género (Estudo 1); e entre adolescentes com FS que usam preferencialmente estratégias de evitamento (subamostra alto-evitamento) e adolescentes com FS que menos as utilizam (subamostra baixo-evitamento) (Estudo 2). As medidas serão recolhidas em três fases (baseline, ativação e recuperação). No Estudo 1, hipotetiza-se que haja diferenças no padrão RC/VRC na fase de baseline e recuperação e que haja diferenças na perceção de emoções na ativação do sistema de Drive. Espera-se que os adolescentes com FS reportem maior intensidade de emoções de Threat e os adolescentes sem psicopatologia maior intensidade de emoções de Drive. No Estudo 2, hipotetiza-se que, na recuperação, haja diferenças no padrão RC/VRC e na perceção de emoções, em função do recurso a estratégias de evitamento social. Espera-se que os adolescentes que menos utilizam as estratégias de evitamento apresentem uma recuperação mais lenta para os níveis basais dos indicadores psicofisiológicos e maior intensidade de emoções de Threat, comparativamente ao seu repouso. A presente investigação fornecerá evidência empírica para a compreensão da VRC como indicador de (des)regulação emocional em adolescentes com e sem FS, e em função do recurso a estratégias de evitamento, sustentando o seu uso na avaliação e diagnóstico e na avaliação dos resultados de intervenções psicológicas.
The imbalance between emotional regulation systems (Soothing, Threat and Drive) is associated with psychopathology. Social Phobia (SP) in adolescentes has been associated with emotion regulation difficulties. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is defined as an emotion regulation psychophysiological marker. Only a few studies focus on HRV and SP. DSM-5 refering to inter-individual differences - individuals avoid or face social situations with high anxiety and discomfort - that have not yet been studied at a psychophysiological and emotional level. Individuals with SP are trapped between the Drive system and the Threat system. Drive is a resource-seeking and incentives system. Resorting to an experimental procedure using a Drive system auditive scenario, this study intends to test differences at a psychophysiological level (Heart Rate; HRV) and in the perception of emotions in a sample of adolescents (n = 160) without psychopathology (n = 80; community sample) and with SP (n = 80; clinical sample) with balanced gender distribution (Study 1); and among adolescents with SP who preferentially use avoidance strategies (high-avoidance subsample) and adolescents with SP who use them less (low-avoidance subsample) (Study 2). Measures will be collected in three phases (baseline, activation and recovery). In Study 1, it is hypothesized that there are differences in the HR / HRV pattern in the baseline and recovery phases and that there are differences in the perception of emotions in the activation of the Drive system. Adolescents with SP are expected to report greater intensity of Threat emotions and adolescents without psychopathology greater intensity of Drive emotions. In Study 2, it is hypothesized that, in recovery, there are differences in the HR / HRV pattern and in the perception of emotions, due to the use of social avoidance strategies. It is expected that adolescents who use less avoidance strategies will show a slower recovery to baseline levels of psychophysiological indicators and a higher intensity of Threat emotions, compared to their rest. The present investigation will provide empirical evidence for understanding HRV as an emotion (dys)regulation marker in adolescents with and without SP and due to the use of avoidance strategies, supporting its use in the evaluation and diagnosis and in the evaluation of the results of psychological interventions.

The thesis concerns factors that affect the intensity of MMORPG playing and the gaming addiction symptoms. In the theoretical part, I discuss approaches to the excessive and problematic gaming. I argue for the shift of perspective from gaming addiction disorder toward self-regulation, time perspective, activity theory and habitual regulation. Two inventory-based studies were conducted in order to empirically verify the effect of proposed variables on MMORPG usage. First, the significant role of Time Perspective (TP), measured by Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI), has been confirmed. Second, the habitual regulation had been identified to significantly affect the usage. The habits related to usage were measured by the new psychometrical tool - Cues Sensitivity Scale (CSS). TP and habits influence the usage together - the effect of TP is partially mediated through Cues Sensitivity as well as through the players' deliberate regulation of playing time. All measured variables showed stability in time (measured after three years in subset of respondents). Data was analyzed with statistical methods, mainly with Partial-Least-Squares Path- Modelling (PLS-PM). The part of the data - respondents' strategies of playing time regulation - were analyzed qualitatively.