Dissertations / Theses: 'Strategic decisions tool'

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Abdulhadi, Samer Nazmi. "Strategic Decisions Creation-Implementation (SDCI) process : an empirical study." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2015. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9725.

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The aim of this research was to explore empirically how firms create and implement strategic decisions (SD’s). The research was inspired by the need to understand further organizational process underpinning SD’s phenomenon and potentially contribute to the overall performance of firms. Previous research on SD’s has been focusing on the formal strategic planning approaches, which have been criticized for their highly prescriptive views of SD’s, separating creation from implementation, and focusing on the content and discrete elements rather than the holistic process. Despite all these studies, our understanding of the actual nature of the SD phenomenon from creation to implementation remains incomplete. Motivated by the need to look empirically and holistically at this very complex social phenomenon, this research problematizes the above aspects of SD’s literature and positions this research within a wider social and descriptive process based approach. The research employed qualitative and Analytic Induction (AI) methodologies, and addressed the above need in three projects. The objective of each project has evolved and lead to the emergence of the final findings, which suggest a possible answer to the overall research aim. The Scoping Study proposed a theoretical framework of successful SD’s implementation factors. Project 1 went further and investigated these factors empirically. Project 2 developed empirically the process of how people actually create and implement SD’s. In Project 3, this process was analysed through the theoretical lens of the sensemaking perspective and was applied by practitioners through an empirically tested diagnostic tool. This research has made a step towards a better understanding of SD’s in practice and contributed to the academic knowledge by proposing a different, yet viable descriptive process, which can improve the overall quality of the SD’s, and potentially lead to better performance.

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VISCIO, MARIA ANTONIETTA. "Space Exploration Systems, Strategies and Solutions." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2538894.

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The present thesis describes the PhD research activities dealing with the topic “Space Exploration Systems, Strategies and Solutions”. Traveling beyond low Earth orbit is the next step in the conquest of the solar system and so far, a human expedition to Mars is considered the most interesting goal of future human space exploration. Due to the technological and operational challenges associated with such a mission, it is necessary to define an opportune path of exploration, relying on many missions to intermediate and “easier” destinations, which would allow a gradual achievement of the capabilities required for the human Mars mission. The main scope of this research has been the development of a rigorous and versatile methodology to define and analyze evolutionary exploration scenarios and to provide a detailed technologies’ database, to support strategic decisions for human space exploration. The very innovative aspect of this work regards the development of a flexible methodology which can be followed to assess which are the next destinations for the exploration of space beyond LEO and to preliminarily define mission’s architectures, identifying the most significant needed elements and advanced technologies. The obtained results should be seen as a pure technical reference, as no cost and/or political considerations have been included, and can be exploited to opportunely drive the decisions of the agencies to place investments for the development of specific technologies and get ready for future exploration missions. The first part of the work has been devoted to the definition of a reference human space exploration scenario, which relies on both robotic and human missions towards several destinations, pursuing an increasing complexity approach and looking at a human expedition to Mars as final target. The scenario has been characterized through the assessment of the missions and the relative phases and concepts of operations. Accordingly, the needed space elements, or building blocks, have been identified. In this frame, the concept design of two specific elements has been performed: the first is a pressurized habitation module (Deep Space Habitat) for hosting astronauts during deep space missions; the second is an electrical propulsive module (Space Tug), mainly envisioned for satellites servicing. The last part of the work has focused on the analysis of innovative and enabling technologies, with particular attention to the aspects related to their on-orbit demonstration/validation, prior to their actual implementation in real exploration missions. The PhD has been sponsored by Thales Alenia Space - Italy and the overall work has been performed in different frameworks along the three years, as well as participating to several additional activities. In line with the objectives of the PhD, in 2012 a collaboration between Politecnico di Torino and Massachusetts Institute of Technology has been established (MITOR Project, managed by MIT-Italy Program), with the support of Thales Alenia Space as industrial partner. The MITOR project, titled “Human Space Exploration: from Scenario to Technologies”, has been aimed at identifying and investigating state of the art for Human Space Ex- ploration, enabling elements, subsystems and technologies with reference to a selected scenario and relevant missions and architectures. Part of the nine months activities has been carried out at MIT AeroAstro department. Besides MITOR project, the PhD activities have been carried out in synergy with some other research programs, such as ESA “Human Spaceflight & Exploration Scenario Studies” and STEPS2 project (Sistemi e Tecnologie per l’EsPlorazione Spaziale - phase 2). Furthermore, in 2013 a specific study has been performed in collabora- tion with university “La Sapienza” (Rome), “Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino” (Astrophysical Observatory of Torino) and DLR (Deutsches Zentrum fr Luft- und Raumfahrt) in Bremen; its main objective has been the analysis of an interplanetary cubesats mission, aimed at space weather evaluations and technologies demonstration.

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Lim, Ai Chye. "A decision-support tool for strategic decision-making in biopharmaceutical manufacture." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444983/.

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The need for software tools to support decision-making relating to biomanufacture is becoming increasingly critical in order to accelerate the time-to-market and reduce costs. The main objective of this thesis is the design and implementation of a decision-support tool that integrates both the business and process perspectives of biopharmaceutical manufacture to aid the evaluation of manufacturing alternatives. The tool, designated BioPharmKit, was built on the platform of the simulation package Extend Industrial Suite (Imagine That Inc., San Jose, USA). As an illustration, the tool was used to evaluate manufacturing alternatives for the production of monoclonal antibodies derived from mammalian-based processes. The functionalities of such a tool to model cost summation, perform mass balance calculations, simulate resource handling, and incorporate uncertainties are demonstrated via two industrial-related case studies. The first case study was based upon the assessment of pooling strategies in perfusion culture of mammalian cells to deliver a therapeutic protein for commercial use. The analysis in this study addressed the trade-offs between investing in a plant with a smaller downstream process (DSP) capacity and employing more frequent pooling of the broth for purification or opting for a plant with a larger DSP capacity and less frequent pooling of broth. The feasibility of each manufacturing option was evaluated based on the annual throughput, resource utilisation profiles and cost of goods per gram (COG/g). Project appraisal was based on expected output values and the likelihood of achieving or exceeding critical threshold indicators generated using Monte Carlo simulations. Critical drivers that may affect the decision were identified through scenario analyses to improve the robustness of the decision-making process. In the second case study, the decision-support tool developed was employed to evaluate the economic feasibility of fed-batch and perfusion cultures. The trade-offs between the relative simplicity and high titres of fed-batch systems and the high productivity but greater complexity of perfusion processes were analysed. The study aimed to investigate the relative economics of the two operational modes by examining key performance metrics such as the COG/g and the net present value (NPV). Another major objective of this study was to compare the relative usefulness and limitations of the decision tree and Monte Carlo simulations, which are typical tools used for risk analysis to aid decision-making in situations subject to uncertainty. Although the decision tree analysis provided a simple approach for decision-making based on the expected values of performance metrics, it does not explicitly consider the underlying uncertainty in each contributory estimate. The Monte Carlo simulation method was more time-consuming but provided a more complete estimation of process uncertainties subject to fluctuating product titres and process yields. The examples illustrate the benefits of using the tool to investigate the cost effectiveness of different manufacturing alternatives and may assist the process of decision-making in the context of both business and process drivers. It is envisaged that such a tool might be employed in early process development, hence contributing to transparent planning and project management decisions.

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Edge, Gordon. "Decision support tools for strategic electricity supply planning." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46756.

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Drake, Bryan (Bryan G. ). "Enabling strategic fulfillment : a decision support tool for fulfillment network optimization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73440.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; in conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 48).
Dell's Third-Party (3P) Product network uses several different order fulfillment methods, though the determination of which products are fulfilled under which method is not clearly delineated. We have developed a tool to assist in the decision making process for Dell's 3P distribution network. This tool transparently presents the results of cost modeling and forecast variance simulation while maintaining usability to achieve broad adoption and exert influence on product fulfillment method decisions. The cost model created takes into account product, overhead, logistics, and capital costs and has the capability to deal with volume uncertainties through simulation. This tool solidifies the discussion around choosing the correct fulfillment method decision process and is the first step towards quantifying the fulfillment method decision.
by Bryan Drake.
S.M.
M.B.A.

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Kikine, Bereng Nimrode. "Strategic planning as a tool for investment decision-making for SMEs in Nelson Mandela Metropole." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6465.

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All around the world, SMEs are perceived as the engine room of economic growth, job creation and poverty alleviation, due to their flexibility and quick adaptability to change. It is believed that, for developing countries to address their social and economic challenges, it would be beneficial if they leverage the potential that the SME sector potentially possess. However, despite the government focus on supporting and encouraging the establishment of SMEs through the small business development programmes in order to address these social challenges, SME sector has experienced a high degree of business mortality, which impacts negatively on the ability to create sustainable employment opportunities in the long term. This view is supported by the work of (Ligthelm and Cant 2003). According to the global economic monitor (GEM), the small business mortality in South Africa is among the highest in the world. It is said that that most newly established SMEs will not survive beyond 48 months Von Broembsen, as cited in Olawale and Garwe (2010: 730). One of the reasons that lead to the high failure rate of SMEs is the lack of strategic planning and the poor allocation of resources. The literature review suggests that SMEs that embark on strategic planning are the ones that are most likely to experience sales growth, personnel growth and asset value growth, as opposed those that do not do any strategic planning at all. The primary objective of this research was to establish how a strategic planning process can be used as an investment decision-making tool for manufacturing SMEs in the Nelson Mandela Metropole. In order to address this research problem, the following sub-problems had to be solved: What strategic planning processes do current SME managers use?; What strategic performance measurement systems do SME owner-managers currently use?; What capital budgeting techniques are currently being used by SME’s in the region?; How do SME owner-managers evaluate the risk of the projects at hand?. The research design was methodological triangulation in nature, that is, using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, though a quantitative paradigm was more dominant that the qualitative paradigm. A questionnaire was designed as a primary source of data collection from a selected sample group. The empirical study revealed that there is some level of strategic planning amongst SMEs, however, it is mostly informal and unstructured. It also emerged that strategic planning can be used as more than just a performance measurement tool, it can contribute more effectively to strategic alignment, organisational learning and diffusion of knowledge throughout the organisation. The empirical study also suggests that SMEs understand that capital budgeting is critical for the success of the organisations. However, very few SMEs have a formal capital budgeting process. It also became evident that most SMEs are still relying on the traditional capital budgeting techniques; that is, ‘gut feel’ and the payback methods of evaluating projects. The empirical study suggests that the largest group of SMEs rely on break-even analysis and scenario planning as the major indicators of the impact the projects will or may have on the organisation. The recommendations have thus been made to address the challenges facing SMEs with regard to strategic planning, strategic performance measurement, capital budgeting and project risk evaluation.

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Lane, Tanya Elizabeth. "Towards Sustainable Freight Energy Management - Development of a Strategic Decision Support Tool." Thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33234.

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Freight transportation, in its current shape and form, is on a highly unsustainable trajectory. Global demand for freight is ever increasing, while this demand is predominantly serviced by inefficient, fossil fuel dependent transportation options. The management of energy use in freight transportation has been identified as a significant opportunity to improve the sustainability of the freight sector. Given the vast amount of energy mitigation measures and policies to choose from to attempt this, decision-makers need support and guidance in terms of selecting which policies to adopt – they are faced with a complex and demanding problem. These complexities result, in part, from the vast range, scope and extent of measures to be considered by decision-makers. The tool developed needs to encompass a suitable methodology for comparing proverbial apples to oranges in a fair and unbiased manner, despite the development of one consistent assessment metric that can accommodate this level of diversity being problematic. Further to this, decision-makers need insight into the extent of implementation that is required for each measure. Because the level of implementation of each measure is variable and the extent to which each adopted measure will be implemented in the network needs to be specified, the number of potential measure implementation combinations that decision-makers need to consider is infinite, adding further complexity to the problem. Freight energy management measures cannot, and should not, be evaluated in isolation. The knock-on effects of measure adoption on the performance of other measures need to be considered. Measures are not all independent and decision-makers need to take these dependencies and their ramifications into account. In addition, there is dimensionality to be accounted for in terms of each measure, because one measure can be applied in a variable manner across different components of the freight network. A unique and independent decision needs to be made on the application of a measure for each of these network components (for example for each mode). Decisions on freight transportation impact all three traditional pillars of sustainability: social, environmental and economic. Measure impacts, thus, need to be assessed over multiple criteria. Decisions will affect a variety of stakeholders and outcomes must be acceptable to a range of interested parties. Sustainability criteria are often in conflict with one another, implying that there are trade-offs to be negotiated by the decision-makers. Decision-makers, thus, need to propose system alterations, or a portfolio of system alterations, that achieve improvements in some sustainability respects, whilst maintaining a balance between all other sustainability aspects. Moreover, the magnitude of impacts (be it positive or negative) of a measure on the sustainability criteria is variable, adding additional dimensionality to the problem. The aim of the research presented in this dissertation was to develop a decision support tool which addresses the complexities involved in the formulation of freight transport energy management strategies on behalf of the decision-makers, facilitating the development of holistic, sustainable and comprehensive freight management policy by government level decision-makers. The Freight Transport Energy Management Tool (FTEMT) was developed in response to this research objective, using a standardised operations research approach as a roadmap for its development. Following a standardised operations research approach to model development provides a structure where stakeholder participation can be encouraged at all the key stages in the decision-making process; it offers a logical basis for proposing solutions and for assessing any proposed suggestions by others; it ensures that the appraisal of alternative solutions is conducted in a logical, consistent and comprehensive manner against the full set of objectives; and it provides a means for assessing whether the implemented instruments have performed as predicted, enabling the improvement of the model being developed. The FTEMT can be classified as a simulation optimisation model, which is a combination between multi-objective optimisation and simulation. The simulation component provides a suitably accurate representation of the freight system and affords the ability to approximate the effect that measure implementation will have on the sustainability objectives, whilst the optimisation component provides the ability to effectively explore the decision space and reduces the number of alternative options (and, therefore, the complexity) that decision-makers need to consider. It is this simulation optimisation backbone of the FTEMT that enables the tool to address all the complexities surrounding the problem, enabling the decision support produced by the FTEMT to provide the information necessary for decision-makers to steer the freight transport sector towards true sustainability. Although this problem originates from the domain of sustainable transportation planning, the combination of operations research and transport modelling knowledge applied proved essential in developing a decision support tool that is able to generate adequate decision support on the problem. To demonstrate the use and usefulness of the decision support system developed, a fictitious case study version of the FTEMT was modelled and is discussed throughout this dissertation. Results from the case study implementation were used to verify and validate the tool, to demonstrate the decision support generated and to illustrate how this decision support can be interpreted and incorporated into a decision-making process. Outputs from the case study FTEMT proved the tool to be operationally valid, as it successfully achieved its stated objectives (the FTEMT unearths a Pareto set of solutions close to the true efficient frontier through the exploration of different energy management measure combinations). Explained in short, the value of using the FTEMT to generate decision support is that it explores the decision space and reduces the number of decision alternatives that decision-makers need to consider to a manageable number of solutions, all of which represent harmonic measure combinations geared toward optimal performance in terms of the entire spectrum of the problem objectives. These solutions are developed taking all the complexity issues surrounding the problem into account. Decision-makers can, thus, have confidence that the acceptance of any one of the solutions proposed by the FTEMT will be a responsible and sound decision. As an additional benefit, preferences and strategic priorities of the decision-makers can be factored in when selecting a preferred decision alternative for implementation. Decision-makers must debate the trade-offs between solutions and need to determine what they are willing to sacrifice to realise what gain, but they are afforded the opportunity to select solutions that show the greatest alignment with their official mandates. The structure of the FTEMT developed and described in this dissertation presents a practical methodology for producing decision support on the development of sound freight energy management policy. This work serves as a basis to stimulate further scholarship and expands upon the collective knowledge on the topic, by proposing an approach that is able to address the full scale of complexities involved in the production of such decision support.

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Druckenmiller, Douglas Allen. "Exploring Agent-Based Simulation of Causal Maps: Toward a Strategic Decision Support Tool." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc_num=kent1112125730.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2005.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Feb. 23, 2005). Advisor: Acar, William. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center. Keywords: strategy making; causal mapping; multi-agent systems; knowledge management; dialectical inquiry Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-116).

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Smith, James Martin. "The application of computer simulation to the development of manufacturing strategies." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360230.

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Moen, Rune M. "Customer and process focused poor quality cost model usedas a strategic decision-making tool." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-733.

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Ezcurra, Ciaurriz F. Xavier. "Decision tools for strategic planning and efficiency analysis in sow farms." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/385432.

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Aquesta tesi està centrada en la necessitat permanent d’incrementar l’eficiència productiva dels productors dins un sector molt competitiu. Per això es proposa: i) Anàlisi de l’eficiència i les variables que l’explicarien i ii) desenvolupament i validació d’un model de simulació per avaluar diferents estratègies productives. La revisió bibliogràfica dels models econòmics desenvolupats per granges porcines demostra que l’ús al sector porcí de models de decisió estratègics publicats a la literatura és molt limitat. Es demostra com els mètodes no paramètrics (DEA) són més pràctics i intuïtius que els mètodes paramètrics. En conjunt, les granges analitzades van resultar molt eficients. Per recolzar als grangers en la seva pressa de decisions i en l’anàlisi de diferents estratègies productives, es va desenvolupar un Sistema de Suport a la presa de Decisions: AnaPorkDSS. En conclusió, decisions com entrar en contractes d’integració ben negociats, mantenir un cens de truges estable i l’augment del nombre d’inseminacions que augmentin la prolificitat, incrementen l’eficiència de les granges.
Esta tesis se centra en la necesidad permanente de incrementar la eficiencia productiva de los productores dentro de un sector muy competitivo. En base a lo anterior se propone: i) Análisis de la eficiencia y las variables que la explicarían y ii) desarrollo y validación de un modelo de simulación para evaluar diferentes estrategias productivas. La revisión bibliográfica de los modelos económicos desarrollados para granjas porcinas demuestra que el uso dentro del sector porcino de modelos de decisión estratégicos publicados en la literatura es muy limitado. Se demuestra como los métodos no paramétricos (DEA) son más prácticos e intuitivos que los métodos paramétricos. En conjunto, las granjas analizadas resultaron muy eficientes. Para apoyar a los granjeros en la toma de decisiones y en el análisis de diferentes estrategias productivas, se desarrolló un Sistema de Soporte a la toma de Decisiones: AnaPorkDSS. En conclusión, decisiones como entrar en contratos de integración bien negociados, mantener un censo de cerdas estable y el aumento del número de inseminaciones que aumenten la prolificidad, incrementan la eficiencia de las granjas.
This thesis focuses on the continuing need to increase the productive efficiency of the producers in a very competitive sector. We propose an: i) analysis of the efficiency and the variables that explain and ii) development and validation of a simulation model to evaluate different production strategies. The literature review of economic models developed for swine farms shows that the use in the swine sector of strategic decision models in the literature published is still very limited. It is shown as nonparametric methods (Data Envelopment Analysis or DEA) are more practical and intuitive than parametric methods. The farms analysed were highly efficient (over 90%). To support farmers in decision-making and analysis of different production strategies, a Decision Support System was developed (DSS): AnaPorkDSS. In conclusion, decisions as enter into integration contracts well negotiated, maintain a stable sow herd and increased number of inseminations that increase prolificity, increase the efficiency of farms.

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Bohlin, Sofia, and Eini Inha. "Book review: Tools and concepts for strategic decision making on Market Intelligence." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Centre for International Marketing and Entrepreneurship Research (CIMER), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33515.

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Hutchinson, Collette. "How are strategy tools used in practice in a university context?" Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1977.

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Many business schools teach the importance of using strategy tools when engaging in strategizing activities. Despite this fact there is an ongoing debate concerning what is taught in business schools and what is actually used in practice. In spite of this debate there has been little research done regarding how these strategy tools are used in practice. This study seeks to address this through the adoption of a strategy as practice perspective which helped to identify what is actually practiced by managers while engaging in strategizing activities. Managers use strategy to respond to complex forces (social, political, economic) in their business environments. However to develop and implement strategy encompasses a full range of strategizing activities such as strategic thinking, strategic analysis, strategic decision making and implementation. Many business schools teach strategy tools are techniques which managers use to structure and influence strategizing activities. Previous research on strategy tools played emphasis on the benefits that can be derived if tools are used in different context. Others have highlighted the frequency of tool usage. Nevertheless, there is a need to make a review what is taught and how strategy tools are used in practice.

A qualitative study was conducted in two universities through the use of semi structured interviews to gather data. The use of an inductive and interpretivism perspective through a case study helped the researcher identify the context in which events were taking place. The choice of a small yet deliberate sample size was done to focus in on the various levels of management within these universities and to review how strategy tools were used at these levels. After each interview the interviewees were given a list of 15 strategy tools (all of which were taught in the researcher’s masters programme) to identify whether they used any of the strategy tools on the list and if they did how did they use them. It was noted from the empirical data acquired that quite often strategy tools were not always being used for the purpose for which they were taught nevertheless managers were altering components of various tools to meet their individual business needs. Strategy tools were often used to assist in strategic thinking and strategic decision making. Managers’ perception of strategy tools affected the extent to which tools were used and the frequency of usage. While strategy tools were often used for growth and development, communication and persuasion and best practices it was its use in sense-making and evaluation which indicated that there is a need for a greater understanding into how managers make sense of strategy tools. The study answers how strategy tools are used in practice in a university context by giving illustrations and quotations from the various interviewees regarding strategy tools.

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Dennison, Fiona Joan. "Application of Life Cycle Assessment in the water industry as a tool to support strategic decision-making." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325722.

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Stenger, Rebecca, Tom Thomaes, and Marius Westphal. "CRAFTS: A Compass to Refine and Align Factory Performance towards Sustainability." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14437.

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The manufacturing industry must align business values with sustainability to preserve a healthy socio-ecological environment, that ensures access for future generations to necessary resources. To better understand the interactions between business strategies and facility operations, this research aims to adopt a more holistic perspective of sustainable facility planning processes, applying the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development. By using relevant environmental and social principles, methods, knowledge, and industrial practices, a strategic decision support was developed as a foundation for the manufacturing industry to improve their sustainable performance. This research (1) collected and analysed existing concepts and processes for sustainability in the industry; (2) developed a practical decision support tool; (3) reviewed the design by experts in the field; and (4) redesigned the tool by implementing expert recommendations. Based on the findings, it is crucial for decision makers to embed a strategic and holistic approach when considering facility design options. Therefore, the strategic decision support tool (CRAFTS) enables opportunities for a broader scope of possible improvements within the confines of the manufacturing facility by guiding experts in the field to decide between retrofitting and new construction. CRAFTS supports the industry to refine and align their business strategies and facility operations with sustainability.

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Palomino, Calderón Edwin Ronald, Guevara Felipe Gabriel Ramos, Salas Ana Teresa Valdivia, and Benito de Gaviño Marina Elvira Canal. "Toma de decisiones y profesionalización en empresas familiares sin gobierno corporativo." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/648601.

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El presente trabajo de investigación “Profesionalización y Toma de Decisiones en Empresas Familiares No Corporativas” se ha realizado mediante un enfoque mixto con diseño no experimental y transversal de alcance descriptivo, cuyo objetivo es medir e identificar cuanto las empresas familiares del sector construcción servicios auxiliares se conocen al interna en dimensiones estratégicas y tácticas de manera que puedan realizar intervenciones tomando decisiones profesionales, entendiendo esta palabra de acuerdo a lo indicado por la real academia como “… con capacidad y aplicación relevantes propias”, lo que a su vez le permita sostenerse y crecer en el tiempo para superar las barreras de las generaciones más allá de las dificultades propias que representan las condiciones del mercado y las políticas y regulaciones de los gobiernos de turno. Es por ello que este trabajo de investigación ofrece una propuestas de análisis integral que ayudará a las empresas familiares del sector en estudio a tomar decisiones profesionales en intervención de carácter estratégico y táctico explorando para ello dimensiones como: manejo de las familias, balance negocio-familia, plan de negocios, alternativas estratégicas, estrategias definitivas; por otro lado aspectos tácticos como resultados y cultura impactada por los elemento de diseño, así como su propósito más allá de ser una fuente de ingresos, y que tanto las empresas también conocen a su competencia. Para ello este trabajo de investigación propone el uso de una herramienta integral que permitirá a las empresas familiares no corporativas, conocerse a profundidad sobre estos aspectos que facilitarán intervenciones de manera focalizadas.
Trabajo de investigación

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Sukumara, Sumesh. "A MULTIDISCIPLINARY TECHNO-ECONOMIC DECISION SUPPORT TOOL FOR VALIDATING LONG-TERM ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF BIOREFINING PROCESSES." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cme_etds/42.

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Increasing demand for energy and transportation fuel has motivated researchers all around the world to explore alternatives for a long-term sustainable source of energy. Biomass is one such renewable resource that can be converted into various marketable products by the process of biorefining. Currently, research is taking strides in developing conversion techniques for producing biofuels from multiple bio-based feedstocks. However, the greatest concern with emerging processes is the long-term viability as a sustainable source of energy. Hence, a framework is required that can incorporate novel and existing processes to validate their economic, environmental and social potential in satisfying present energy demands, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own energy needs. This research focuses on developing a framework that can incorporate fundamental research to determine its long-term viability, simultaneously providing critical techno-economic and decision support information to various stakeholders. This contribution links various simulation and optimization models to create a decision support tool, to estimate the viability of biorefining options in any given region. Multiple disciplines from the Process Systems Engineering and Supply Chain Management are integrated to develop the comprehensive framework. Process simulation models for thermochemical and biochemical processes are developed and optimized using Aspen Engineering Suite. Finally, for validation, the framework is analyzed by combining the outcomes of the process simulation with the supply chain models. The developed techno-economic model takes into account detailed variable costs and capital investments for various conversion processes. Subsequently, case studies are performed to demonstrate the applicability of the decision support tool for the Jackson Purchase region of Western Kentucky. The multidisciplinary framework is a unique contribution in the field of Process Systems Engineering as it demonstrates simulation of process optimization models and illustrates its iterative linking with the supply chain optimization models to estimate the economics of biorefinery from multi-stakeholder perspective. This informative tool not only assists in comparing modes of operation but also forecasts the effect of future scenarios, such as, utilization of marginal land for planting dedicated energy crops and incorporation of emerging enzymatic processes. The resulting framework is novel and informative in assisting investors, policy makers and other stakeholders for evaluating the impacts of biorefining. The results obtained supports the generalizability of this tool to be applied in any given region and guide stakeholders in making financial and strategic decisions.

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Nassiep, Kadri Middlekoop. "An energy efficient mass transportation model for Gauteng / Kadri Middlekoop Nassiep." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/8076.

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The demand for forensic social work as a specialist field is increasing rapidly, due to the increasing moral decline of the community and consequent higher demands set to generic social workers. Amendments to existing acts as well as the development of new legislation, lead to more opportunity for the prosecution of the perpetrator, and therefore a higher utilization of the forensic social worker. A need was experienced to do research regarding the gaps experienced by social workers or any other workers who are currently executing forensic assessments with the sexually traumatised child. The aim of the investigation was to determine which gaps social workers experience in the field when assessing a child forensically. A recording procedure was used to obtain qualitative as well as quantitative data. A purposive sampling was used were interviews were held with five participants to obtain the data. A selfdeveloped questionnaire was used as measuring instrument. It is clear from the findings that there are definite gaps within the field of forensic social work and the need of further research within the field of forensic social work in South Africa is highlighted.
Thesis (MIng (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

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Ringrose, Benjamin R. "Innovative methods for assessing viability of diversification into new markets : a study based on an engineering consultancy." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63653/1/Benjamin_Ringrose_Thesis.pdf.

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This study resulted in the development of a decision making tool for engineering consultancies looking to diversify into new markets. It reviewed existing decision tools used by contractor's entering new markets to develop a bespoke tool for engineering consultants to establish more rigor around the decision making process rather than rely purely on the intuition of company executives. The tool can be used for developing medium and long term company strategies or as a quick and efficient way to assess the viability of new market opportunities when they arise. A combination of Delphi and Analytical Hierarchy Process was selected as the basis of the decision theory.

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Arsenovic, Jasenko. "Big Data: A Toll for all Strategic Decisions : A Study of Three Large Food and Beverage Processing Organizations." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Informatik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28645.

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I will look at what impact big data have had on the managerial strategic decisions in the food and beverage industry. This in order to understand the complexity and theory of organizational strategic management, an effort to define the contemporary strategic theory into a holistic conceptual model is done through a literature review on organizational strategy. This literature explicitly proposes four distinctly different types of strategies that management need to consider in the organizational context. Namely, long-term strategy, internal business strategy, external corporate strategy, and competitive strategy. The study analyzed the food and beverage industry over a decade (2005-2014), where the three of the largest actors in the industry were selected, Nestlé S.A, PepsiCo Inc, and Unilever. The choice of method was content analysis, where three structured categorization matrixes were developed which each analyzed parts of the annual reports. The study propose the role of big data as a strategic tool for managerial decision from a theoretical standpoint. The content analysis show that hypothesis 1, could be confirmed, big data have an impact on all the proposed four managerial strategic decisions. Second hypothesis could not be confirmed, since decentralization does only occur for one of the organizations, but increased external environment turbulence could be concluded for the industry in general. The third hypothesis could be confirmed, which show that there is an increase in individualization due to increased customer involvement and demand. The analysis discovered three distinct time periods during the last decade, namely pre- economic instability period (2005-2007), economic instability period (2008-2011) and finally the post-paradigm period (2012-2014). Where the year 2011 was the most turbulent in terms of economy and technology for the industry. The study clearly show that customers are now involved in the production process, customers are co-creators of the products. There is now a two-way communication and increased social responsibility awareness. This study shows that the old traditional approach of looking at markets in order to position yourself to stay competitive are obsolete as this study predicted. customers demand to be a part of the organizational culture. This conclude that big data is an important tool for all strategic managerial decisions.

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Abrahams, Narzeen. "A study to determine the perception of people analytics tools to improve people management practices in selected departments within the public sector in the Western Cape." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7401.

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Magister Commercii (Industrial Psychology) - MCom(IPS)
People analytics refer to people-related, data-driven, processes (e.g. trend analyses and data management) aimed at describing and evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of people management practices and processes in support of business outcomes in order to inform and improve people management initiatives and performance as well as business decision making.

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Poskiparta, Laura. "Collaborative Dialogues in Strategic Multi-Modal Studies - New Tool for Exploring Efficient Solutions in Transport Planning : Experiences from the Swedish and the Finnish Contexts." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-123675.

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In recent years, the development considerations within transport planning have started to examine needs from a more comprehensive perspective in order to shift the focus of planning away from favoring automobile travel. New approaches are emerging around the world to face the challenges we are confronted with, such as urbanization, dispersion of community structures, change in population structure, aging, climate change, and tightening budgets. Therefore, this thesis is aiming to gain more insight on new approaches in transport planning by comparing emerging systems in Sweden and in Finland. The comparison is focused on the renewed procedures at the early stages of transport planning; the methods to conduct multi-modal studies through collaborative decision-making processes in both countries. Thus, in this thesis the renewed preliminary transport planning in Finland and the Swedish method of Strategic Choice of Measures are compared based on implications from practice. The main purpose is to learn from practice and therefore, the data for comparison is based on conducted test cases that aim to develop the emerging planning processes in both countries. In Sweden, the preliminary version of the new planning method, developed by the Swedish Transport Administration, was tested with six cases during 2011. KTH was commissioned to conduct a study to examine the collaborative planning of involved actors in each of these cases, and the cases together. Thus, in the Swedish context, the data for comparison will be collected from the earlier study conducted by a KTH researcher John Odhage. In the Finnish context, a case study will be carried out for the data collection. The chosen case consists of a pilot study initiated in Finland in 2012 for the purpose of collecting ideas for the development of a renewed preliminary planning process. In general, both countries approaches aim at creating efficient procedures that would contribute to cost-efficiency and sustainable development as well as fulfilling other aims of the transport policy of each country. The focus of the comparison is on the critical aspects of multi-modal studies and three features of a collaborative process; the choice of actors, the problem formulation, and the process management. The comparison is carried out based on theoretical implications and the experiences from practice are scrutinized against the ideal approach of each country. It has become apparent that three clearly distinctive differences between the approaches can be pointed out: the role of the transport administration, the creation of a steering committee, and creation of a concept for process guidance. In addition, the four-step principle is the multi-modal tool used in both countries approaches to generate alternative measures to transport related issues. The basic idea of the principle is in the first place to influence land use, transport demand, and choice of travel mode, and secondly to examine if the use of existing transport system can be optimized prior to construction. However, based on the experiences from practice, it seems that in both countries processes the focus of generating alternative measures is leaning more against minor or large new investments. Thus, the search for complementary measures to achieve considerable cost-savings and more importantly, sustainable development, is perceived challenging.

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Nawaz, Amir. "The Perceiced Impact of Business Intelligence Tools on Marketing Success." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-10849.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceived impact of business intelligence tools on marketing success. Methodology: This research has conducted based on a literature study in the field business intelligence and pharmaceutical industry marketing. Primary data has been used in this thesis to evaluate the information technology impact on the market performance for pharmaceutical industries. The SPSS software package is used to analyze the employee responses and statistical technique. Regression analysis is used to check the impact of information technology on market performance. Findings: One hundred fifty questionnaires were given to the employees of 15 different pharmaceutical companies located in Pakistan. Among them, 104 were collected back and 100 questionnaires were considered valid and used for further analysis. After analyzing the data, it was evaluated that information technology has a significant impact on market performance in pharmaceutical industries. According to the stakeholders, strategic planning, organizational support, knowledge management and technological advancement have significant impact on the success of information technology for decision support systems. Research limitations/Implications: More research will be required on the theory presented in this thesis “The Perceived Impact of Business Intelligence Tools on Marketing Success”.

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James, Philip David. "The specification of construction strategies for low and zero carbon homes : decision-making tools and the evaluation of whole life energy, carbon, cost and performance." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-specification-of-construction-strategies-for-low-and-zero-carbon-homesdecisionmaking-tools-and-the-evaluation-of-whole-life-energy-carbon-cost-and-performance(1a80a114-9bdb-44a9-b708-82f797e747e8).html.

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The UK is committed to cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 80% from 1990 levels by 2050, with intermediate targets set in the form of 5-year carbon budgets. Residential sector emissions accounted for 26% of UK greenhouse gas emissions in 2009. For the UK to meet its carbon budgets, residential sector emission reductions of 35-40% are required by 2022 from 2009 levels, with further reductions beyond. As shown here, the UK has a range of policies and initiatives to reduce carbon emissions from the residential sector; and there is a range of methods and technologies available to reduce carbon emissions from dwellings. The process of selecting the combination of methods and technologies to reduce carbon emissions from dwellings is here termed the specification of a construction strategy. Energy assessment tools (such as SAP, BREDEM and PHPP) are integral to this process. They are used to predict the energy use of dwellings, to demonstrate compliance with targets and regulations, and to compare and choose between alternative construction strategies. However, current energy assessment tools, and the associated methodologies and data, are insufficient for optimal strategy selection. This is because they do not assist in the systematic comparison of all combinations of options; they do not assist in the evaluation of whole life energy, carbon and cost; they do not always allow sufficient flexibility for key inputs and assumptions characterising the dwelling and its use; and they do not allow sufficient flexibility for the key metrics (weather data, carbon emission factors, and energy costs) or lead users to develop values for these metrics appropriate to the study period. Following detailed analysis of the current processes of construction strategy selection for dwellings, a framework is developed for the rapid identification of the optimal construction strategy (within the constraints of the tools and data used), whilst evaluating the whole life energy, carbon, cost and performance of alternative strategies. Methodologies are developed and implemented in a working tool for the systematic comparison of all combinations of options entered by the user; the evaluation of whole life energy, carbon and cost in an energy assessment tool; the use of flexibility for key inputs and assumptions to test the sensitivity of strategy performance to changes in these values; and the development and application of metrics appropriate to the study period under consideration. The use of the framework, methodologies, and tool are demonstrated in worked examples for a new dwelling constructed to the proposed 2016 ‘Zero Carbon Homes’ standard, and for the renovation of an existing dwelling.

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Dolan, Hankiz. "Exploring the opportunities and challenges to adapt existing shared decision-making strategies and tools in contraceptive counselling for Chinese migrant women living in Australia." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23656.

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Shared decision-making (SDM) calls for improved patient-provider communication, through which healthcare decisions are made collaboratively between the patient and the healthcare provider. In Australia, SDM has gained increased momentum in the healthcare policy and research agenda in recent years. Australia is a multicultural country with a large migrant population. Therefore, the need for exploring the opportunities and challenges to extend, adapt and apply such an approach to healthcare decision-making among culturally and linguistically diverse population groups is imperative. Migrants from Chinese ethnicity are among one of the largest overseas-born groups in Australia. Contraceptive method-choice decisions are highly preference-sensitive and are ideal for SDM in clinical settings. SDM can be facilitated and complemented by the use of decision support tools such as patient decision aid (PDA)s. SDM and the use of PDAs are shown to improve women’s knowledge of contraceptive methods and lead to patient-centred contraceptive counselling experiences and informed decisions. However, there is a lack of research into how existing SDM strategies, including the use of PDAs, in contraceptive counselling can be better adapted for Chinese migrant women living in Australia. Aims The overarching aim of this thesis was to explore improved ways to adapt existing SDM strategies and PDAs in contraceptive counselling for Chinese migrant women living in Australia. Using a stepwise approach, the studies (Chapters) contained within this thesis investigated the following specific objectives: i) identify interventions that aimed to improve patient participation in decision-making during patient-provider encounters in non-Western countries and synthesise factors that are influencing their effectiveness (Chapter 2); ii) explore the relationships between individuals’ core cultural and personal attitudinal values and their desire for medical information and self-involvement in medical decision-making in Australia and China (Chapter 3); iii) adapt an existing PDA in contraceptive counselling for Chinese migrant women living in Australia and explore potential strategies to support SDM(Chapter 4); iv) explore Chinese migrant women’s experiences and perceptions of choosing contraceptive methods and their decision-support needs (Chapter 5); v) explore healthcare providers’ experiences with providing contraceptive care for Chinese migrant women and their perceptions of the challenges and opportunities to engage Chinese migrant women in SDM during contraceptive counselling (Chapter 6); vi) explore the perceived usefulness, acceptability, and feasibility of the adapted PDA with both the Chinese migrant women and the healthcare providers (Chapter 7). Methods This thesis comprises studies that applied a variety of research methodologies, including systematic review of literature (Chapter 2), quantitative data analysis (Chapter 3), and qualitative interviews (Chapter 4, 5, 6 and 7). In Chapter 2, eight databases were systematically searched for interventional studies (randomised controlled trials, controlled or uncontrolled before-and-after studies, and interrupted time-series studies) that were conducted in non-Western countries. Included studies were analysed and reported using the narrative synthesis method. In Chapter 3, existing data from Australia and China on medical decision-making and its influencing cultural and personal factors were analysed using structural equation modelling method. In Chapter 4, a detailed description of a 6-stage process for adapting an existing contraceptive method-choice PDA and potential decision support strategies for Chinese migrant women living in Australia was provided. In Chapters 5, 6, and 7, 22 women from Chinese ethnicity who were recently living in Australia and 20 healthcare providers who were experienced in providing contraceptive counselling for Chinese migrants were interviewed. Collected data (audio-recorded transcripts) was analysed using the thematic analysis method (Chapter 5 and 6) and the content analysis method (Chapter 7). Key findings The systematic review findings from Chapter 1 showed that interventions to promote patient participation in healthcare decisions during medical encounters were more likely to be effective in non-Western cultural contexts if the following interventional elements were incorporated. Key interventional elements that were common among studies that reported positive outcomes were patient and/or provider communication skills training, and PDAs which were provided to patients and/or providers who received training on communication skills or briefing on utilising the PDAs. The structural equation model analysis from Chapter 2 found that core cultural values (independence and interdependence) and a personal attitudinal value (health locus of control) similarly influenced individuals’ desire for medical information in both China and Australia. Only one cultural value (power distance) was found to influence individuals’ desire for self-involvement in decision-making in both countries; however, the influence took opposite directions in China versus Australia. In Chapter 4, a six-stage process for adapting an existing encounter PDA (‘Right For Me’ birth control tool) and exploring decision-support strategies for both the Chinese migrant women and healthcare providers was piloted. Those stages involved were: 1) selection and appraisal of source PDA; 2) review by content experts; 3) content validity and usability testing; 4) translation into the Chinese language; 5) decisional needs assessment; 6) acceptability, usability, and perceived feasibility testing of the adapted PDA. Chapter 5 results revealed that there was a strong preference among Chinese migrant women towards ‘natural’ or non-invasive methods such as condoms, withdrawal, or fertility awareness-based methods. At the same time, there was a strong sense of rejection towards methods involving hormones or (Intrauterine devices) IUDs. Most women had not visited or perceived it necessary to visit healthcare providers for contraceptive advice or services. Many women accessed contraceptive related information on Chinese language websites or social networking sites. Chapter 6 revealed that healthcare providers faced unique challenges in communicating and engaging with Chinese migrants during contraceptive counselling sessions. Such challenges included the opportunistic nature of the consultations, language barriers, women’ lack of sexual and reproductive health knowledge, and negative attitudes/beliefs towards methods involving hormones. Chapter 7 results showed that both the Chinese migrant women and healthcare providers perceived the encounter PDA to be of good design, informative, and useful in assisting women’s decision-making about contraceptives. Chinese migrant women suggested not to limit the use of the PDA to the clinical consultation sessions. Healthcare providers’ main concern was the information load of the PDA, which they perceived as potentially overwhelming for women. There were also concerns about and the feasibility of reviewing all pages of the PDA with women during one consultation. Such concerns were likely to ease with the explanation of how to use the PDA effectively. Conclusion: The body of work presented in this thesis adds to the limited yet growing number of literature on SDM with people from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. The findings imply that promoting active patient participation in decision-making during patient-provider encounters is more likely to be feasible if patients and/or providers are provided with communication skills training with or without the provision of PDAs. An individual’s desire for self-involvement in medical decision-making was largely unpredictable by the cultural and personal values that an individual possess both in China and Australia. Therefore, cultural stereotyping individuals’ preference for involvement in medical decisions should be avoided, and individuals should be provided with equal opportunities to be involved in their medical decisions regardless of their cultural background. During contraceptive counselling encounters between the Chinese migrant women and the healthcare providers, the PDA that was adapted using a six-stage framework has the potential to serve as a useful tool to facilitate SDM and informed decisions. To improve the perceived feasibility and potential implementation of the PDA, providing HCPs with training on how to use the PDA might be necessary. The process for adaptation employed in this thesis can serve as an example for future efforts to extend the adaptation of PDAs on various topics for diverse patient population groups in Australia and beyond.

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Debus, Adriano Rodrigo. "O uso de ferramentas de design para construção de estratégias de gestão no auxílio à tomada de decisão." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/6086.

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A gestão utiliza determinadas ferramentas para a tomada de decisão, que são funcionais, porém, pouco inovadoras e criativas. Este estudo adota o uso de ferramentas de design para elaboração de estratégias que apoiem a tomada de decisão no âmbito empresarial. O design por seu caráter holístico e dinâmico, pela sua capacidade multidisciplinar e transversal, pode fornecer respostas e novas possibilidades para decodificação da realidade complexa. O uso de ferramentas, carregadas por estas características do design, possibilitam a criação e reflexão crítica de diversos cenários possíveis, ampliando as opções de estratégias para tomada de decisão. O modelo de processo adotado para a fase exploratória desta pesquisa utilizou características da não-linearidade de acordo a proposta do metaprojeto. Desta forma, o metaprojeto permite que os decisores compreendam a articulação e a complexidade de um processo que envolve toda a empresa e suas unidades estratégicas. A fim de responder aos objetivos desta pesquisa, os dados coletados foram categorizados e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apresentados demonstram que a tomada de decisão dos gestores se baseia no pensamento lógico e técnico, onde consideram a teoria e a prática para determinar suas escolhas. Entretanto, com a realização dos exercícios e a utilização das ferramentas de design, experiências satisfatórias foram proporcionadas aos gestores, como por exemplo, o estímulo à criatividade induzido por uma nova forma de pensar e raciocinar artefatos e a ampliação da capacidade de know-how organizacional.
Management uses certain tools for decision making, which are functional, however, little innovative and creative. This study adopts the use of design tools to elaborate strategies that support decision-making in the business environment. The design for its holistic and dynamic character, for its multidisciplinary and transversal capacity, can provide answers and new possibilities for decoding complex reality. The use of tools, loaded by these characteristics of the design, allow the creation and critical reflection of several possible scenarios, expanding the options of strategies for decision making. The process model adopted for the exploratory phase of this research used characteristics of non-linearity according to the proposal of the metaproject. In this way, the meta-project allows decision-makers to understand the articulation and complexity of a process that involves the entire company and its strategic units. In order to respond to the objectives of this research, the data collected were categorized and analyzed through content analysis. The results show that managers' decision-making is based on logical and technical thinking, where they consider theory and practice to determine their choices. However, with the accomplishment of the exercises and the use of the design tools, satisfactory experiences were provided to the managers, for example, the stimulation of creativity induced by a new way of thinking and reasoning of artifacts and the expansion of the capacity of organizational know-how .

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Thompson, Anthony. "Towards Sustainability-driven Innovation through Product Service Systems." Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00473.

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Increasing awareness of anthropogenic impacts on the planet has lead to efforts to reduce negative environmental impacts in product development for several decades. Benefits to companies who focus on sustainability initiatives have been put forth more recently, leading to many efforts to incorporate sustainability considerations in their product innovation processes. The majority of current sustainability considerations in industry constrain design space by emphasizing reduced material and energy flows across the product’s life cycle. However, there is also an opportunity to use awareness of sustainability to bring attention to new facets of design space and to drive innovation. Specifically there is an opportunity for product-service systems (PSS) to be a vehicle through which sustainability-driven innovation occurs. A framework for strategic sustainable development (FSSD) provides the basis for understanding sustainability in this work, and provides clarity with regard to how to think about sustainable products and service innovations. The “backcasting” approach included in this framework also provides insight into how incremental and radical approaches could be aligned within the product innovation working environment. This thesis explores how sustainability considerations can be better integrated into existing product innovation working environments in order to drive innovation processes within firms, with a specific emphasis on opportunities that occur as sustainability knowledge leads to innovation through a product-service system approach. It endeavors to contribute to both theory development within the emerging sustainable PSS design research area, and also to advance the state of practice within industry by connecting dots between the state of theory and the state of practice. Society’s opportunity to become more sustainable and industry’s desire for innovation in order to lead to or increase profitability are often in conflict. However, this thesis argues that knowledge of global social and ecological sustainability can be used to drive innovation processes, and that there are win-win opportunities that can often be achieved through a PSS approach. There is some, but not sufficient, support for the inclusion of sustainability considerations in the product innovation process, and even fewer tools to support the use of sustainability to drive innovation. In response, an approach to providing support that brings together the FSSD and various approaches to systems modeling and simulation is presented. Opportunities to use sustainability-friendly attributes of existing products through a PSS-approach are also presented.

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Sandén, Louise, and Tanima Chowdhury. "Analytics for Management : En modell som beskriver framtagandet av ett beslutsunderlag där rätt mätetal visualiseras på rätt sätt utifrån en formulerad strategi." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kvalitetsteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119132.

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Hur strategiarbete och processmätning bör gå till behandlas i befintliga teorier var för sig även om vikten av att sammankoppla dessa också beskrivs. Dock anses det saknas en enhetlig modell som förenar strategiarbete och processmätningar fullt ut och beskriver hur genomförandet praktiskt ska gå till. Med bakgrund i detta syftar examensarbetet Analytics for Management (AFM) till att utveckla en modell som beskriver hur mätetal (Key Performance Indicators, KPI:er) tas fram utifrån ett företags strategi och visualiseras på rätt sätt för att kunna beskriva enskilda processers kapacitet och förmåga. Detta resulterar i ett beslutsunderlag på ledningsnivå där strategiarbete och processmätning kopplas samman. Framtagandet av AFM-modellen inleddes med teoretiska studier inom ämnet vilket resulterade i en konceptuell modell. Därefter testades den konceptuella modellen genom fallstudier på tre företag med olika struktur och storlek. Genom att kombinera den konceptuella modellen med resultaten från fallstudierna färdigställdes sedan den slutgiltiga AFM-modellen. AFM-modellen består av tre faser där den första fasen involverar strategikonkretisering och målnedbrytning. Fasen innefattar att strategin bryts ner till strategiska mål och en strategikarta, formulering av kritiska framgångsfaktorer (KFF:er) och slutligen framtagning av taktiska mål. I den andra fasen sker KPI-framtagning genom att först generera preliminära KPI:er utifrån de taktiska målen och sedan kartlägga dem för att identifiera två typer av KPI:er. Dessa är utfallsmått (Key Performance Outcomes, KPO:er), som beskriver processprestandan och påverkansmått (Key Performance Drivers, KPD:er), som påverkar utfallen som KPO:er illustrerar. Genom att KPD:erna förbättras kan även KPO:erna förbättras och därför är det viktigt att styrning sker med hjälp av KPD:erna. Efter att KPI:er har kartlagts väljs vilka KPI:er som ska användas för mätning. I den sista fasen sker mätningsförberedelser genom att göra en datainsamlingsplan. Därefter sker mätningar och slutligen sammanställs mätdata för att visualisera KPI:erna på ett bra sätt. Hur KPI:er ska visualiseras beror på KPI-typ eftersom KPO:er och KPD:er ska användas för olika syften. KPO:erna ska visualiseras med enkla diagram i ett resultatkort som ledningen ska använda sig utav i ett första steg för att följa upp verksamheten. För att sedan finna orsaken till KPO:erna och kunna förbättra dem, ska ett styrkort användas. I styrkortet sammanställs KPD:erna med hjälp av styrdiagram, vilka visar variation över tid i processerna, för att tidigt upptäcka förändringar och därmed styra processer. AFM-modellen resulterar med hjälp av resultatkortet och styrkortet i ett beslutsunderlag där rätt KPI:er visualiseras på rätt sätt. Resultaten från fallstudieföretagen har visat att AFM-modellen har hög generaliserbarhet. Vidare kan AFM-modellen användas av olika typer av organisationer då strategiarbete och processmätning är aktuellt och viktigt för det dagliga arbetet oavsett bransch. Modellen ska genom beslutsunderlaget underlätta för organisationer att agera handlingskraftigt och arbeta mer proaktivt med hjälp av beslut baserat på data framtaget utifrån företagets strategi. AFM-modellen möjliggör därmed en enhetlig användning av mätetal i organisationen, där uppföljningsarbetet i hela verksamheten genomsyras av strategin.
In existing theory, strategic management and process measurements are commonly treated separately even though the importance of connecting them is also mentioned. However, a comprehensive model or theory that combines strategic management and process measurement fully and describes how the implementation should be done in practice has not been found in literature. Thereby, the aim of the thesis Analytics for Management (AFM) is to develop a model that describes how to develop the right Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) based on corporate strategy and visualize them correctly in order to describe process performance. This results in a decision-making tool that combines strategic management and process measurement to be used by management. The model was initially developed through theoretical studies that resulted in a conceptual model. Thereafter, the conceptual model was tested through case studies at three companies with different organizational structure and size. By combining the theories and the results from the field studies the AFM model was finalized. The AFM model consists of three phases, where the first phase involves strategy decomposition and goal formulation. This is done by a stepwise decomposition of the strategy through strategic objectives and a strategy map, formulation of critical success factors finally resulting in tactical objectives. In the second phase, KPIs are developed by generating preliminary KPIs based on the tactical goals and then mapping them. KPI mapping is used to distinguish between different types of KPIs resulting in identification of Key Performance Outcomes (KPO) that describe the process performance and Key Performance Drivers (KPD) affecting the outcome that the KPOs represent. The KPDs drive the results of the organization, and should therefore be used for monitoring and controlling the business. When the KPI mapping has been completed the KPIs that will be used for measurement are chosen. In the final phase, measurement preparations are done through a data collection plan. Thereafter measurements are performed and compiled in order to visualize KPIs correctly. As the KPOs and KPDs should be used for different purposes they should also be visualized differently. KPOs should be visualized through simple charts in a scorecard that the management should use as a first step for monitoring. Then, in order to find the cause of the KPOs and be able to improve them, a controlcard should be used. The KPDs are compiled in the controlcard through control charts, which show variation in processes, and enables early detection of changes and process control. The AFM model thereby, through the use of a scorecard and a controlcard, results in a decision-making tool where the right KPIs are visualized correctly. The results from the field studies and the different characteristics of the companies have proven a high level of generalizability of the model. Furthermore, the AFM model addresses highly important and pressing issues involving strategic management and process measurement, which all types of companies need to consider in daily operations. The AFM model aims to make it easier for organizations to act energetically and proactive through the decision-making tool. In conclusion, the AFM model enables a uniform use of metrics aligned with the strategy, in order to monitor and control process performance.

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McLucas, Alan Charles Civil Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "An investigation into the integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques for addressing systemic complexity in the context of organisational strategic decision-making." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Civil Engineering, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38744.

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System dynamics modelling has been used for around 40 years to address complex, systemic, dynamic problems, those often described as wicked. But, system dynamics modelling is not an exact science and arguments about the most suitable techniques to use in which circumstances, continues. The nature of these wicked problems is investigated through a series of case studies where poor situational awareness among stakeholders was identified. This was found to be an underlying cause for management failure, suggesting need for better ways of recognising and managing wicked problem situations. Human cognition is considered both as a limitation and enabler to decision-making in wicked problem environments. Naturalistic and deliberate decision-making are reviewed. The thesis identifies the need for integration of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Case study results and a review of the literature led to identification of a set of principles of method to be applied in an integrated framework, the aim being to develop an improved way of addressing wicked problems. These principles were applied to a series of cases in an action research setting. However, organisational and political barriers were encountered. This limited the exploitation and investigation of cases to varying degrees. In response to a need identified in the literature review and the case studies, a tool is designed to facilitate analysis of multi-factorial, non-linear causality. This unique tool and its use to assist in problem conceptualisation, and as an aid to testing alternate strategies, are demonstrated. Further investigation is needed in relation to the veracity of combining causal influences using this tool and system dynamics, broadly. System dynamics modelling was found to have utility needed to support analysis of wicked problems. However, failure in a particular modelling project occurred when it was found necessary to rely on human judgement in estimating values to be input into the models. This was found to be problematic and unacceptably risky for sponsors of the modelling effort. Finally, this work has also identified that further study is required into: the use of human judgement in decision-making and the validity of system dynamics models that rely on the quantification of human judgement.

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Pinheiro, Elisângela. "PREVISÃO DE CONSUMO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA E ELABORAÇÃO DE MODELOS DE OTIMIZAÇÃO EM COOPERATIVA DE ELETRIFICAÇÃO RURAL." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8212.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This dissertation aims to build a set of tools based on mathematical models to assist a rural electrification cooperative in taking strategic decisions on investing in electrical generation in face of erratic and non-periodic future scenarios. Time series analysis using the Box-Jenkins methods for forecasting was employed to construct the models to predict future energy consumption. Qualitative analysis of future scenarios using Kohler method, that is suited to regional applications, was used. An heuristic approach with hierarchical levels was employed to define the parameters of a mathematical model for the application of integer linear programming at a lower level. This mathematical program was used to optimize the location of photovoltaic solar power plants within a transformer substation area and its branches to minimize disbursements in assets investments, and operations and maintenance costs. The model was tested in a cooperative with six substations, 572 branches, 7,574 cooperative members and a 2,737 km length network. In results obtained was SARIMA models (1,1,1) x (0,1,1) 12. In total, obtained an increase of 1.292 kW for the six substations in the next five years, representing a disbursement R$ 17,170,000.00 if the cooperative to chooses to build a photovoltaic solar power plant to meet this increase of consumption.
A presente dissertação tem por objetivo o desenvolvimento de um modelo de previsão pautando-se em um conjunto de ferramentas com base em modelos matemáticos que auxilie uma cooperativa de eletrificação rural na tomada de decisões estratégicas de investimentos em geração frente a cenários aperiódicos futuros. Como metodologia foi utilizada a análise de séries temporais com métodos de Box-Jenkins para a construção de modelos que foram utilizados na previsão de consumo energético. Análise qualitativa de cenários futuros utilizando a metodologia de Kohler adequada a aplicações regionalizadas. Utilizou-se uma abordagem heurística e em níveis hierárquicos para definição dos parâmetros de um modelo matemático, para aplicação de programação linear inteira. A programação matemática foi usada num nível hierárquico inferior para otimizar a localização de usinas geradoras de energia elétrica por painéis fotovoltaicos em áreas de subestações e ramais visando minimizar desembolsos em geração, manutenção distribuição e operação. O modelo foi testado numa cooperativa com seis subestações, 572 ramais, cerca de 7.574 cooperados e com uma extensão em redes de 2.737 km. Como resultados foram obtidos modelos SARIMA (1,1,1) x (0,1,1) 12. No total foram previstos um aumento de 1.292 kW para as seis subestações nos próximos cinco anos, o que representa um desembolso R$ 17.170.000,00 caso a cooperativa opte na construção de uma usina solar fotovoltaica para suprir este aumento de consumo.

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Teng, Sin Yong. "Intelligent Energy-Savings and Process Improvement Strategies in Energy-Intensive Industries." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-433427.

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S tím, jak se neustále vyvíjejí nové technologie pro energeticky náročná průmyslová odvětví, stávající zařízení postupně zaostávají v efektivitě a produktivitě. Tvrdá konkurence na trhu a legislativa v oblasti životního prostředí nutí tato tradiční zařízení k ukončení provozu a k odstavení. Zlepšování procesu a projekty modernizace jsou zásadní v udržování provozních výkonů těchto zařízení. Současné přístupy pro zlepšování procesů jsou hlavně: integrace procesů, optimalizace procesů a intenzifikace procesů. Obecně se v těchto oblastech využívá matematické optimalizace, zkušeností řešitele a provozní heuristiky. Tyto přístupy slouží jako základ pro zlepšování procesů. Avšak, jejich výkon lze dále zlepšit pomocí moderní výpočtové inteligence. Účelem této práce je tudíž aplikace pokročilých technik umělé inteligence a strojového učení za účelem zlepšování procesů v energeticky náročných průmyslových procesech. V této práci je využit přístup, který řeší tento problém simulací průmyslových systémů a přispívá následujícím: (i)Aplikace techniky strojového učení, která zahrnuje jednorázové učení a neuro-evoluci pro modelování a optimalizaci jednotlivých jednotek na základě dat. (ii) Aplikace redukce dimenze (např. Analýza hlavních komponent, autoendkodér) pro vícekriteriální optimalizaci procesu s více jednotkami. (iii) Návrh nového nástroje pro analýzu problematických částí systému za účelem jejich odstranění (bottleneck tree analysis – BOTA). Bylo také navrženo rozšíření nástroje, které umožňuje řešit vícerozměrné problémy pomocí přístupu založeného na datech. (iv) Prokázání účinnosti simulací Monte-Carlo, neuronové sítě a rozhodovacích stromů pro rozhodování při integraci nové technologie procesu do stávajících procesů. (v) Porovnání techniky HTM (Hierarchical Temporal Memory) a duální optimalizace s několika prediktivními nástroji pro podporu managementu provozu v reálném čase. (vi) Implementace umělé neuronové sítě v rámci rozhraní pro konvenční procesní graf (P-graf). (vii) Zdůraznění budoucnosti umělé inteligence a procesního inženýrství v biosystémech prostřednictvím komerčně založeného paradigmatu multi-omics.

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Gineste, Benoit. "Étude de la biologie et de la vulnérabilité au développement anthropique des oiseaux marins nocturnes à La Réunion." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0015/document.

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La biodiversité est actuellement fortement menacée par les activités humaines. Dépendant des milieux marins et terrestres, les oiseaux marins sont particulièrement exposés aux pressions anthropiques. À La Réunion, les conséquences des impacts des aménagements sur les populations restent méconnues. Dans une optique de conservation et de réalisation d'études environnementales pertinentes, des informations fiables sur la répartition des espèces, sur leur comportement de vol et une évaluation de leur vulnérabilité vis-à-vis des aménagements sont nécessaires. Les objectifs de cette thèse sont de préciser des données biologiques et d'évaluer la vulnérabilité des oiseaux marins nocturnes de La Réunion face aux aménagements. Nous avons étudié l'évolution de la taille et de la répartition des colonies de puffin tropical Puffinus bailloni à l'échelle de l'île sur une période de 19 ans. Les patterns de vol du puffin tropical et du pétrel de Barau Pterodroma baraui ont été caractérisés par imagerie radar à différentes échelles temporelles et spatiales. Nos résultats montrent une stabilité apparente de la population de puffin tropical malgré la forte pollution lumineuse. Le puffin tropical et le pétrel de Barau présentent des patterns de vol spécifiques. Les effectifs estimés de pétrel de Barau suggèrent une population plus importante que celle connue actuellement. Les effectifs estimés de puffin tropical sont cohérents avec les estimations actuelles. Les jeunes pétrels de Barau s'envolent principalement durant les premières heures de la nuit. Des outils d'aide à la décision ont été produits. Nos travaux soulèvent la nécessité de poursuivre des recherches fondamentales et appliquées
The biodiversity is currently threatened by human activities. As they depend both of marine and terrestrial habitats, seabirds are particularly exposed to human pressures. In Reunion Island, the consequences of the urbanization on populations are unknown. For conservation and environmental assessment purposes, accurate information on the species repartition, flight patterns and vulnerability to infrastructure is required. The goals of this thesis are to update biological information on species and to assess the vulnerability of nocturnal seabirds of Reunion Island exposed to infrastructure. We studied the evolution of the size and the repartition of the colonies of tropical shearwater Puffinus bailloni at the scale of the entire island over a 19-years period. The flight patterns of tropical shearwater and Barau's petrel Pterodroma baraui were described with radar technology at different spatial and temporal scales. Our results show an apparent stability of the tropical shearwater population despite an important light pollution. Tropical shearwater and Barau’s petrel present specific flight patterns. The estimated census of Barau's petrel suggests a population size higher than current estimation whereas the estimated census of tropical shearwater is reliable to current estimations. Barau's petrels' juveniles mostly take off during the first hours of the night. Decision making tools have been produced. Our study also highlights the need to conduct further fundamental and applied researches

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Candeias, Virgílio Paulo Fernandes. "Exploratory study about "Planned obsolescence": a tool for business plans and strategic decisions." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/17249.

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With the consumption reaching maximum numbers and the technological sector being responsible for the introduction of new products every week consumers are starting to be much more concerns with several aspects of durable good and not only the price and its purpose. Producers are forced to push new models and versions of their products to the market to continue to operate on an evolution and progress basis for fighting and maintaining their market share. Although that so called technological progress is forced and does not correspond to an actual evolution in the performance of the good. Companies, mainly durable goods producers, have been using one business practice that always has been observable to the eyes of the consumer but never noticed. That concept is the key aspect of this work and it is called Planned Obsolescence. That basically corresponds to the deliberate manufacturing of a certain good with the objective of stop working or becoming obsolete after a certain period of time, normally a small period. Following the literature review, this work has as an objective to explore this concept, its ramifications and implications for the economy and the society. Also has the objective to study the behaviour of consumers when purchasing durable goods and which attributes they value the most. The key objective of this work in a preliminary phase and in a critical way, is to obtain a first understanding about the thematic and their implications not only for the consumers but also for the companies. This work represents a different approach about Planned Obsolescence, embracing not only how companies take decisions based on it but also how consumers react, relate themselves with the goods that have it and see the companies that apply it. Concluding, this work tries to explain not only the ramifications of the concept but also how it is seen by the society.
Com o consumo a bater recordes históricos e o sector tecnológico a ser responsável pela introdução de novos produtos todas as semanas, os consumidores estão a começar a ficar muito mais preocupados com várias aspectos relacionados com os bens duradouros. Os produtores estão a ser forçados, pelas características competitivas do mercado, a lançar cada vez mais novos upgrades e modelos dos seus produtos para o mercado. Isto faz com que operem numa base de evolução e progresso tecnológico para manter a sua cota de mercado. No entanto “o tão chamado” progresso tecnológico é considerado forçado e não está a corresponder ás necessidades de mercado e à actual evolução de performance dos bens. Isto significa que as evoluções tecnológicas não estão a ser eficientes e não alteram drasticamente a tecnologia inerente aos bens. Empresas que normalmente sejam produtoras de bens duradouros, têm vindo a utilizar uma táctica de negócio que sempre foi observável aos olhos dos consumidores mas poucos a identificaram. Esse conceito é o aspecto chave deste trabalho e é chamado Obsolescência Planeada. Este conceito significa muito basicamente que um certo bem é deliberadamente desenhado para que depois de um pre-determinado periodo de tempo deixe de funcionar ou fique obsoleto. Seguindo a revisão literária, este trabalho tem com objectivo explorar este conceito, as suas ramificações e implicações para a economia e a sociedade. Tem também o objectivo de estudar o comportamento dos consumidores quando compram bens duradouros e que atributos mais valorizam nestes mesmos. O objectivo fulcral deste trabalho é numa fase preliminar e de forma crítica, obter um primeiro entendimento sobre a temática e as suas implicações não só para os consumidores como também para as empresas. Este trabalho representa um "approach" diferente sobre a Obsolescência Planeada, englobando não só como as empresas tomam decisões baseadas no conceito mas também como os consumidores reagem, se relacionam com os bens que a detenham e vêm as empresas que a aplicam. Isto significa que este trabalho tenta explicar não só as ramificações do conceito mas também como ele é visto pela sociedade.

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Su, Xin. "Decision Support Tools for Strategic Policy Analysis." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2713.

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New or improved decision analysis tools are developed in this thesis to address strategic policy analysis with specific focus on two topics: strategic conflict analysis and region-performance comparisons. A strategic conflict refers to a situation in which two or more decision makers (DMs) are to make a decision that affects issues over which they have different preferences. Various forms of strategic conflict exist all around us, in areas such as environmental management, international relations, economic competition, and relationships among individuals. The graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR) is an advanced and comprehensive tool to systematically study strategic conflicts. A well-known decision tool, the analytic network process (ANP) is adapted for use in strategic conflict analysis and a comparison of the performance of ANP with GMCR is carried out. Both methods are applied to an international trading conflict between the United States and China over the importation of television sets into the US in order to gain strategic insights about this dispute using the two different but complementary approaches. A country's overall performance comparison with respect to different kinds of indices such as economic, environmental and political indices constitutes another interesting topic for strategic policy analysis. An index aggregation approach is proposed to compare BRICSAM countries, a populous rapidly-growing economic group of nations consisting of Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations), and Mexico with G7 (Group of Seven), the most developed country club including Canada, France, Italy, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom and the United States. A data-envelopment-analysis (DEA) based approach is proposed to aggregate different ranking indices for BRICSAM and the G7 countries. The proposed method can provide a fair overall assessment of a country's standing by maximizing its possibility of obtaining the best evaluation score. Finally, a framework to carry out generic strategic analysis for regions' competence analysis is designed based upon the theory of generic strategic analysis proposed by Porter (1980). This is a well-known approach for use in business competence analysis. The basic idea is to carry out generic strategic analysis in policy studies and two decision tools, DEA and the analytic hierarchy process, are employed to quantify the analysis of competence efficiency and potentiality, respectively. A case study of the competence analysis of provinces in China is used to demonstrate the analysis procedure.

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Kruger, Jean-Pierre. "A study of strategic intelligence as a strategic management tool in the long-term insurance industry in South Africa." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3701.

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Changes and challenges that have occurred in the past two decades have forced a radical shift in the basic foundations of how business is conducted. Internal, as well as external forces have forced organisations to constantly monitor their surrounding environment in order to create an awareness of opportunities and threats to allow them to survive in their competitive environment. Organisations need to gather all the information at their disposal, and turn the raw data into intelligence through a process of analysis and an exercise of human judgement. By utilising the potential offered by information systems in the process of generating intelligence and creating a corporate knowledge base to be used in strategic decision-making will lead to competitive advantage and constant innovation. Strategic Intelligence has information as its foundation. This research proposes that through its ability to absorb sources of information, the synergy of Business Intelligence, Competitive Intelligence, and Knowledge Management combined to form Strategic Intelligence, will allow organisations to incorporate all of their information and intellectual capital into a single database or system which will meet the intelligence requirements of management. The purpose of this study is to identify the current use of Strategic Intelligence in the Long-term Insurance Industry in the South African environment, and through the use of a survey questioned the benefits or problems experienced by executive management who have not yet implemented and used Strategic Intelligence as an input to the Strategic Management process, and identified the perceived value Strategic Intelligence could add in the decision-making process. The research study shows that organisations have not yet fully embraced a model for a cooperative global internal corporate Strategic Intelligence System or Portal that will incorporate all aspects of Strategic Intelligence into a single, easily manageable resource for management’s strategic planning and decision-making process, even though it could enhance their ability to withstand the onslaught of global competitors and expand their business into new markets, protect their local market or identify potential merger or acquisition targets, and increase innovation within the organisations.
Business Management
M. Com. (Business Management

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Chetty, Dhavaraj. "An exploration into the product life cycle concept as a strategic decision-making tool at Johnson Matthey South Africa." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9593.

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This study was an exploration of the product life cycle theory as a strategic decision-making tool in an auto-catalyst manufacturing plant. During the literature review stage of this study, many gaps in the product life cycle theory were identified. The product life cycle theory has come under criticism from numerous academic authors. It was also found that there was a definite lack of empirical studies carried out on South African companies and products. The main focus of this study was to investigate use and practical applicability of the product life in strategic decision making in a South African organisation, which is a subsidiary of a multinational corporation. A major limitation to this study was that the decision makers at Johnson Matthey South Africa showed a lack of understanding of strategy, and their role in strategic decision making. From the data collected, using a questionnaire survey methodology, the major findings were that the product life cycle theory has application potential as a strategic decision making tool in future, The decision makers at Johnson Matthey have a good knowledge of their products and where they were on the product life cycle. Further empirical research, into the applicability of the product life cycle theory is needed, on South African organisations.
Thesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2006.

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Pimentel, Reinaldo Macedo Soares. "Development of decision support tools for implementing mitigation strategies of Medfly populations." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/3925.

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Tese de Doutoramento, Ciências Agrárias, especialidade de Proteção de Plantas, 12 de julho de 2016, Universidade dos Açores.
A Mosca-do-Mediterrâneo (Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann) é uma das principais ameaças para o comércio de frutas frescas por todo o mundo devido ao impacto económico negativo na qualidade dos frutos e à capacidade de adaptação desta a uma ampla variedade de condições geográficas e climáticas. Considerando-se todos os trabalhos já realizados nos Açores, principalmente na Ilha Terceira sobre esta problemática, com a perspetiva de resolver problemas operacionais que normalmente surgem nos programas de controlo integrado da mosca-do-Mediterrâneo, nomeadamente os relacionados com a agregação desta praga e sua distribuição espacial, que os principais objetivos do presente trabalho foram: analisar a dinâmica populacional da Mosca-do-Mediterrâneo nas Ilhas Terceira e São Jorge (Açores); avaliar o impacto de estações esterilizadoras de longa duração (1 ano) contra as suas populações adultas; avaliar se existia qualquer relação significativa entre a abundância de adultos selvagens de mosca-do-Mediterrâneo e as características espaciais de um determinado local a tratar; e avaliar a eficiência de três métodos de análise geomática para estimar valores de moscas por armadilha, por dia, para áreas não fora do âmbito de amostragem e para as condições da Ilha Terceira e da ilha de S. Jorge. Os estudos de dinâmica populacional revelaram, na Ilha de São Jorge, uma proporção sexual dos machos / fêmeas significativamente menor do que o observado na Ilha Terceira e em termos de dinâmica populacional revelou também que as dinâmicas populacionais nas duas Ilhas estudadas estão geralmente relacionadas com a disponibilidade e abundância de frutos nos seus hospedeiros. No entanto, o número de picos populacionais ou registos de capturas poderão não ser uma base fidedigna para a tomada de decisão por parte do produtor. Na Ilha Terceira, em determinadas condições, foram observadas infestações de mosca-do-Mediterrâneo em alguns frutos (por exemplo, frutos Solanum mauritianum), enquanto, em simultâneo neste hospedeiro não houve quaisquer registos de adultos. [...].
ABSTRACT: The Medfly Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann is one of the most important threats to the trade of fresh fruits in the world due to its high potential damage to fruits and ability to survive in a wide range of geographic and climatic conditions. Considering all the research already done in the Azores, mainly in Terceira Island, about the Medfly, it is with the perspective of addressing area-wide control program problems, related to Medfly aggregation and spatial distribution, that the main goals of the present work are to analyse the population dynamics of Medfly in Terceira and São Jorge Islands (Azores archipelago); evaluate the impact of long term attractive baits (1 year) against populations of Medfly; evaluate if there is any significant relation between the abundance of wild adults of Medfly and the spatial characteristics of a target location; and evaluate the efficiency of three geospatial methods to estimate flies trapped per day (FTD) values for non-sampled areas in Terceira Island. The population dynamics studies revealed a sex ratio of males/females in São Jorge Island significantly lower than observed on Terceira Island and also revealed population dynamics are generally linked with host fruit availability and abundance. But the scale of population peaks or trap records are not reliable. In Terceira Island, under certain conditions, there was Medfly infestations in some fruits (e.g. Tobacco Weed fruit) while there were no trap captures at the same time. [...].

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Costa, Diogo André Pinho da. "Analysis of water management strategies for the left margin of the Guadiana river basin : implementation of a decision support tool." Master's thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/58281.

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Costa, Diogo André Pinho da. "Analysis of water management strategies for the left margin of the Guadiana river basin : implementation of a decision support tool." Dissertação, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/58281.

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Ahmadjian, Christopher J. "Evaluating alternative public -private partnership strategies for existing toll roads: Toward the development of a decision support system." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3397682.

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Many claim that, with regard to transportation infrastructure, only partnerships between public and private entities, which draw on the strengths of both, can achieve the goals of enhancing operational efficiency, increasing service delivery, improving asset maintenance, and stretching scarce federal, state, and local tax dollars. While some completed public-private partnership (P3) agreements on existing toll roads in the United States have seen a measure of success, others have raised critical questions pertaining to the true costs and benefits associated with these agreements for all stakeholders. Of particular concern is an apparent reliance on monetary calculations alone to determine toll road lump sum value. This primary focus on monetary considerations appears to neglect a number of non-monetary variables associated with potential costs and benefits. Four distinct groups of variables to consider in the decision process are presented in the dissertation: Monetary, Monetizable, Quantitative, and Qualitative. The last two groups represent variables of a non-monetary nature, which can reflect the much larger stewardship role that government plays in our society. The objectives of this research are twofold: to formulate a conceptual framework for a decision support system (DSS); and to propose an approach, including a set of analytical methods, that assesses the costs, benefits and other impacts associated with alternative P3 strategies. The primary user of the conceptual framework is identified as the public sector decision maker who has been asked to make recommendations regarding different strategies of toll road operation. Two analytical methods are presented. The first uses cash flow diagrams to calculate the net present value (NPV) for each of three core P3 strategies. The second, weighs the relative importance of quantitative and qualitative (non-monetizable) variables. When used as part of a seven-step process, these two analytical methods help create a decision support system framework that provides stakeholders with a more complete analysis of the costs and benefits associated with the P3 toll road decision process.

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Ahmadjian, Christopher John. "Evaluating Alternative Public-private Partnership Strategies for Existing Toll Roads: Toward the Development of a Decision Support System." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/189.

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Many claim that, with regard to transportation infrastructure, only partnerships between public and private entities, which draw on the strengths of both, can achieve the goals of enhancing operational efficiency, increasing service delivery, improving asset maintenance, and stretching scarce federal, state, and local tax dollars. While some completed public-private partnership (P3) agreements on existing toll roads in the United States have seen a measure of success, others have raised critical questions pertaining to the true costs and benefits associated with these agreements for all stakeholders. Of particular concern is an apparent reliance on monetary calculations alone to determine toll road lump sum value. This primary focus on monetary considerations appears to neglect a number of non-monetary variables associated with potential costs and benefits. Four distinct groups of variables to consider in the decision process are presented in the dissertation: Monetary, Monetizable, Quantitative, and Qualitative. The last two groups represent variables of a non-monetary nature, which can reflect the much larger stewardship role that government plays in our society. The objectives of this research are twofold: to formulate a conceptual framework for a decision support system (DSS); and to propose an approach, including a set of analytical methods, that assesses the costs, benefits and other impacts associated with alternative P3 strategies. The primary user of the conceptual framework is identified as the public sector decision maker who has been asked to make recommendations regarding different strategies of toll road operation. Two analytical methods are presented. The first uses cash flow diagrams to calculate the net present value (NPV) for each of three core P3 strategies. The second, weighs the relative importance of quantitative and qualitative (non-monetizable) variables. When used as part of a sevenstep process, these two analytical methods help create a decision support system framework that provides stakeholders with a more complete analysis of the costs and benefits associated with the P3 toll road decision process.

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Nobre, Daniel Parreira. "Ferramentas estratégicas em uso: uma investigação prática às empresas em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/12461.

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JEL Classification System: M10 e M19
Num mundo marcado pela globalização e pela evolução tecnológica, a estratégia assume um desafio para as empresas como forma de estas sobreviverem numa envolvente mais competitiva e imprevisível. Surgem, assim, no âmbito da gestão estratégica, as ferramentas estratégicas racionalizando a tomada de decisões em contextos de incerteza. Atualmente, existem inúmeras ferramentas estratégicas presentes na literatura provenientes de diversas disciplinas em constante desenvolvimento, contudo verifica-se uma falta de conhecimento da sua aplicação na prática. Esta dissertação, como principal objetivo, pretende identificar e descrever as ferramentas estratégicas mais utilizadas nas empresas em Portugal. Foi adotada a metodologia de investigação quantitativa, recorrendo ao questionário como método de recolha de dados. Recolheram-se 78 questionários de empresas de diversos setores e tamanhos presentes em Portugal, recorrendo-se à estatística descritiva como método de análise de dados. Os resultados obtidos revelam o uso em média de quatro (4,37) ferramentas estratégicas nas empresas em Portugal, com um destaque para a análise SWOT, brainstorming e benchmarking como as ferramentas mais populares. Constatou-se a importância das escolas de gestão na divulgação das ferramentas, embora estas na prática não sejam utilizadas de modo fiel à teoria. O principal motivo de uso das ferramentas estratégicas é clarificar a estratégia, defendendo os seus utilizadores a existência de uma relação positiva com o desempenho da empresa. Em suma, não se verificaram diferenças significativas no uso prático das ferramentas estratégicas comparativamente com os estudos realizados em diversos países presentes na literatura, e em especial, no estudo realizado há oito anos em Portugal.
In a globalised and technologically advanced world, strategy embodies a challenge for companies as a way of survival in a competitive and unpredictable environment. Strategic tools emerge, in this sense, in order to rationalise the decision making process upon uncertain settings. Nowadays, numerous strategic tools are present in the literature, provided by several disciplines in continuous development, however the lack of comprehension in their practical application is apparent. This dissertation attempts to identify and describe the most used strategic tools by companies operating in Portugal. A quantitative method research was adopted based on a questionnaire. It was possible to collect 78 questionnaires, using descriptive statistics to analyse the data, from companies functioning in Portugal, operating in different sectors and with different sizes. In terms of results, we confirmed the use of four (4,37) strategic tools, on average, by companies present in Portugal, emphasizing the SWOT analysis, brainstorming and benchmarking as the most popular tools. Regarding the propagation of strategic tools, we found significance for business school, even though their practical application may not be true to theory. Clarifying strategy is stated as the main reason for strategic tools use, advocating their users the existence of a positive relation between strategic tools use and company’s performance. In conclusion, no significant differences were found in the use of strategic tools between this study and others, from other countries, present in the literature and, specifically, the study developed eight years ago in Portugal.

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Keena, Joshua Monroe. "Demonstration of decision support tools for evaluating ground combat system survivability, lethality, and mobility at the tactical, operational, and strategic levels of war." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-3781.

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Decision makers often present military researchers with a most daunting challenge: to pursue, with some level of prophetic certainty, innovative concepts that will yield increased capabilities during future wars against forecasted threats in not-yet- determined locations. This conundrum is complicated further with the requirement that the proposed technology yield benefit throughout the various strata of military operations. In the maturation of an advanced capability enabled by a technological advancement, a groundbreaking design should simultaneously demonstrate performance overmatch against an envisioned foe while showing that the costs associated with development, procurement, and operation outweigh reverting to an incremental advancement in the conventional means of delivering combat power. This manuscript focuses on the construction and utilization of decision support tools for use by scientists and engineers charged with providing a quantitative evaluation of an advanced ground combat system. The concepts presented focus on the effects and synergy regarding the combat vehicle principal attributes of survivability, lethality, and mobility. Additionally, this study provides a framework for analysis of these attributes when screened at the tactical, operational, and strategic levels of war. These concepts are presented and demonstrated from both the candidate selection (or choice) perspective, and the concept development (or design) perspective. As an example of this approach, this study includes a comparison of conventional powder gun cannonry versus a specific type of electromagnetic launch device known as the railgun. The decision support tools formulated in this dissertation allow the user to distill, at a coarse level of fidelity, the parametric relationships between system survivability, lethality, and mobility for advanced weapon system concepts. The proposed methods are suited for evaluation at the nascent stages of development, when the information normally applied in standard methods is sparse. This general approach may also be valuable in contemporary acquisition strategies employed in urgent fielding efforts, where the immediacy of the problem can benefit from an expedient and efficient method of analyzing the coupled and synergistic effects of implementing a proposed technology. While advantage is typically measured in terms of performance overmatch at the platform level, the broadening of this consideration vertically to higher levels of military command can aid in identifying the competing issues and complementary relationships related to a technical approach. Finally, given the backdrop demonstration for the framework, this manuscript may serve as a brief summary of system fundamentals and design theory for direct fire powder gun cannonry and electromagnetic railguns.
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Бартош, Ірина Василівна, and Iryna Bartosh. "Удосконалення організації роботи публічної установи із застосуванням інструментів стратегічного управління, на прикладі Комунального некомерційного підприємства «Тячівська районна лікарня» Тячівської міської ради Закарпатської області." Master's thesis, 2021. http://elartu.tntu.edu.ua/handle/lib/36839.

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Предмет дослідження – теоретично-організаційні та практично-методичні положення вдосконалення організації роботи КНП «Тячівська РЛ» на основі інструментів стратегічного управління. Метою роботи є представлення основних теоретичних положень, а також обґрунтування запропонованих шляхів, що стосуються вдосконалення організації роботи КНП «Тячівська РЛ» на основі інструментів стратегічного управління. Методи дослідження – економіко-історичний; системного аналізу; порівняння; структурування; фінансово-економічного аналізу; фінансово-економічного прогнозування; фінансово-економічного моделювання тощо. Сформовано проектні пропозиції щодо розробки методики формування системи прийняття стратегічних управлінських рішень КНП «Тячівська РЛ»; здійснено фінансово-економічне обґрунтування доцільності запровадження платних послуг КНП «Тячівська РЛ»; представлено прогнозну модель щодо скорочення витрат КНП «Тячівська РЛ». Результати дослідження будуть впроваджені у діяльність Комунального некомерційного підприємства «Тячівська РЛ».
The subject of investigation is the theoretical-organizational and practical-methodical provisions of improving the work organization of MNCE «Tiachiv DH» on the basis of strategic management tools. The aim of the work is to present the main theoretical aspects and substantiate the recommended ways aimed at improving of the work organization at the MNCE «Tiachiv DH» on the basis of strategic management tools. The results are obtained with the following research methods: economic and historical; system analysis; comparison; structuring; financial and economic analysis; financial and economic forecasting; financial and economic modeling. The applied recommendations concerning the strategic managerial decisions making methodology at the MNCE «Tiachiv DH» have been developed. The financial and economic substantiation of introduction expediency of paid services by the MNCE «Tiachiv DH» has been carried out. The forecast model for cost reduction of the MNCE «Tiachiv DH» has been presented. The proposed improvements can be implemented at the Municipal Non-Commercial Enterprise «Tiachiv District Hospital».
ВСТУП…..5 РОЗДІЛ 1 ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ОСНОВИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ УСТАНОВИ...8 1.1 Стратегічне управління як умова діяльності публічної установи…8 1.2 Сучасний інструментарій стратегічного управління публічної установи...13 1.3 Стратегічне планування як важливий інструмент системи стратегічного управління медичними закладами…...18 РОЗДІЛ 2 АНАЛІЗ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ КНП «ТЯЧІВСЬКА РАЙОННА ЛІКАРНЯ» ТЯЧІВСЬКОЇ МІСЬКОЇ РАДИ ЗАКАРПАТСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ…....24 2.1 Організація діяльності КНП «Тячівська РЛ».....24 2.2 Загальна оцінка прибутку та витрат КНП «Тячівська РЛ» …32 2.3 Аналіз фінансово-економічних показників діяльності КНП «Тячівська РЛ»...38 РОЗДІЛ 3 ШЛЯХИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ РОБОТИ КНП «ТЯЧІВСЬКА РАЙОННА ЛІКАРНЯ» ТЯЧІВСЬКОЇ МІСЬКОЇ РАДИ ЗАКАРПАТСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ НА ОСНОВІ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ…..48 3.1 Розробка методики формування системи прийняття стратегічних управлінських рішень КНП «Тячівська РЛ»….48 3.2 Фінансово-економічне обґрунтування доцільності запровадження платних послуг КНП «Тячівська РЛ»…..54 3.3 Прогнозна модель скорочення витрат КНП «Тячівська РЛ».....60 РОЗДІЛ 4 ОХОРОНА ПРАЦІ ТА БЕЗПЕКА В НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЯХ……..64 4.1 Охорона праці та її забезпечення в КНП «Тячівська РЛ»….64 4.2 Організація медичного та біологічного захисту населення міської ради в умовах пандемії...66 ВИСНОВКИ...69 БІБЛІОГРАФІЯ….71 ДОДАТКИ…74

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Leite, Marisa Raquel Fernandes. "Integração da análise estratégica com a política de investimento empresarial: desenvolvimento de um modelo concetual." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/46822.

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Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia Industrial
A dificuldade inerente à tomada de decisão em investimentos acarreta, incontornavelmente, desafios para os gestores empresariais. Invariavelmente, há uma dificuldade acrescida quando se tratam de investimentos estratégicos. Com o risco de este processo influenciar o futuro da entidade empresarial, cresce a preocupação de assumir uma estratégia bem definida aquando do processo de tomada de decisão. Neste domínio, surge a necessidade de que as decisões em investimentos estratégicos devam ocorrer no âmbito das suas opções estratégicas, havendo, porém, uma dificuldade em interligar estas duas dimensões. Um dos primordiais problemas conhecido, cruza a excessiva dependência de ferramentas financeiras com o momento decisivo na avaliação do investimento proposto. Em resposta a esta preocupação, alguns mecanismos foram sendo desenvolvidos de forma a integrar análises estratégicas e financeiras na extensão dos investimentos estratégicos. Neste campo de ação, o estudo assume uma natureza exploratória, indagando um novo modelo concetual capaz de questionar o saber e sugestões atuais, tendo como objetivo auxiliar a instrução que sugere a integração da análise estratégica com a política de investimentos empresarial. Assumindo este propósito, o estudo recorre a entrevistas semiestruturadas numa empresa que se distingue no setor automóvel. Em termos genéricos, o presente estudo conclui que as avaliações que se executam apenas por meio de ferramentas financeiras não são satisfatórias para a retirada de decisões, devendo, contudo, integrar esse processo e auxiliar o conjunto de etapas que necessitam de ser efetuadas. É de realçar um foco evidente no uso de ferramentas de análise financeiras, consideradas, muitas vezes fundamentais, por serem reveladoras do provável sucesso do investimento estratégico, porém, encontram-se associadas a um período de avaliação derradeiro, não obtendo, propriamente, a categorização de mecanismo pré decisor.
The inherent difficulty in strategic investment decision making entails, unavoidably, challenges for business managers. The decision is, invariably, even more difficult when dealing with strategic investments. There is a growing concern to adopt a well-defined strategy at the time of the decisionmaking process, due to the fact that this process has a high risk of influencing the future of the business. In this area, there is the need for decisions on strategic investments to occur in the context/aligned of/with its strategic options, however, connecting these two dimensions is often difficult. One of the main problems, is related with excessive dependence on financial tools and the decisive point in the assessment of the proposed investment. In response to this concern, some mechanisms have been developed to integrate strategic and financial analysis on the extent of strategic investments. In this field of action, the study assumes an exploratory nature, searching for a new methodology to question the current knowledge and suggestions, and aiming to assist the shared idea that suggests the integration of strategic analysis with business investment policy. On this premise, the study resorts to the implementation of semi-structured interviews in a company that distinguishes itself in the automotive sector and to literature review. In general terms, this study concludes that the evaluations that are performed only by financial tools are not suitable for the final decisions but should, however, be incorporated in the process and assist the set of steps that need to be made. It is importante to emphasise the strong focus on the use of financial tools, considered as being an essential indicative of the likely success of the strategic investment However, they areassociated with a final evaluation period, not being actually categorised as a pre decider mechanism.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Strategic decisions tool'

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