Relevant bibliographies by topics / Strained muscle

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Strained muscle'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Strained muscle"

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Lieber, R. L., and J. Friden. "Muscle damage is not a function of muscle force but active muscle strain." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 520–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.2.520.

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Contractile properties of rabbit tibialis anterior muscles were measured after eccentric contraction to investigate the mechanism of muscle injury. In the first experiment, two groups of muscles were strained 25% of the muscle fiber length at identical rates. However, because the timing of the imposed length change relative to muscle activation was different, the groups experienced dramatically different muscle forces. Because muscle maximum tetanic tension and other contractile parameters measured after 30 min of cyclic activity with either strain timing pattern were identical (P > 0.4), we concluded that muscle damage was equivalent despite very different imposed forces. This result was supported by a second experiment in which the same protocol was performed at one-half the strain (12.5% muscle fiber length). Again, there was no difference in maximum tetanic tension after cyclic 12.5% strain with either strain timing. Data from both experiments were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance, which revealed a highly significant effect of strain magnitude (P < 0.001) but no significant effect of stretch timing (P > 0.7). We interpret these data to signify that it is not high force per se that causes muscle damage after eccentric contraction but the magnitude of the active strain (i.e., strain during active lengthening). This conclusion was supported by morphometric analysis showing equivalent area fractions of damaged muscle fibers that were observed throughout the muscle cross section. The active strain hypothesis is described in terms of the interaction between the myofibrillar cytoskeleton, the sarcomere, and the sarcolemma.
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Sharma, Arpit, Priya Shah, Jyoti Dabholkar, and Neeti Kapre. "Thyroarytenoid Muscle Ablation for Treatment of Spasmodic Dysphonia." International Journal of Phonosurgery & Laryngology 1, no. 2 (2011): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10023-1024.

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ABSTRACT Adductor spasmodic dysphonia is the most common form of laryngeal dystonia and comprises about 80% of all laryngeal dystonias. It is characterized by strained and strangled voice quality causing significant impairment to the patient. This article focuses on the surgical treatment of adductor spasmodic dysphonia by thyroarytenoid muscle ablation. It provides longlasting control of symptoms and patient satisfaction is very high.
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Tidball, J. G., G. Salem, and R. Zernicke. "Site and mechanical conditions for failure of skeletal muscle in experimental strain injuries." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 1280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.3.1280.

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Failure in muscle strain injuries has been reported to occur within the muscle belly, at the myotendinous junction, or within muscle near the myotendinous junction. The goal of this investigation was to determine by electron-microscopic examination the site of lesion in whole muscle strained to failure. In addition, site and conditions for failure of stimulated and unstimulated muscle were compared. Frog semitendinosus myotendinous units with intact tendon-bone junctions were strained at physiological strain rates to failure. All failures occurred at or near the proximal myotendinous junction in both stimulated and unstimulated muscle. Stimulated muscle required approximately 30% more force and approximately 110% more energy to reach failure. Electron-microscopic examination of longitudinal sections of small bundles of fibers showed that unstimulated muscle failed within the muscle near the myotendinous junction. Failure occurred in a single transverse plane of each cell within Z disks. Other Z disks near the failure site displayed strains of several hundred percent. Stimulated muscle failed within the lamina lucida at the myotendinous junction in most fibers. No Z-disk strain was observed in those fibers. We conclude that the site of failure in muscle strain injuries varies with the state of activation of the cell at the time of injury. Furthermore, the data show that the breaking strength of the Z disk varied with muscle stimulation and indicate the existence of two load-bearing systems in parallel within Z disks.
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Yucesoy, Can A., Guus C. Baan, Bart H. F. J. M. Koopman, Henk J. Grootenboer, and Peter A. Huijing. "Pre-Strained Epimuscular Connections Cause Muscular Myofascial Force Transmission to Affect Properties of Synergistic EHL and EDL Muscles of the Rat." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 127, no. 5 (May 18, 2005): 819–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1992523.

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Background: Myofascial force transmission occurs between muscles (intermuscular myofascial force transmission) and from muscles to surrounding nonmuscular structures such as neurovascular tracts and bone (extramuscular myofascial force transmission). The purpose was to investigate the mechanical role of the epimuscular connections (the integral system of inter- and extramuscular connections) as well as the isolated role of extramuscular connections on myofascial force transmission and to test the hypothesis, if such connections are prestrained. Method of approach: Length-force characteristics of extensor hallucis longus (EHL) muscle of the rat were measured in two conditions: (I) with the neighboring EDL muscle and epimuscular connections of the muscles intact: EDL was kept at a constant muscle tendon complex length. (II) After removing EDL, leaving EHL with intact extramuscular connections exclusively. Results: (I) Epimuscular connections of the tested muscles proved to be prestrained significantly. (1) Passive EHL force was nonzero for all isometric EHL lengths including very low lengths, increasing with length to approximately 13% of optimum force at high length. (2) Significant proximodistal EDL force differences were found at all EHL lengths: Initially, proximal EDL force =1.18±0.11N, where as distal EDL force =1.50±0.08N (mean ± SE). EHL lengthening decreased the proximo-distal EDL force difference significantly (by 18.4%) but the dominance of EDL distal force remained. This shows that EHL lengthening reduces the prestrain on epimuscular connections via intermuscular connections; however; the prestrain on the extramuscular connections of EDL remains effective. (II) Removing EDL muscle affected EHL forces significantly. (1) Passive EHL forces decreased at all muscle lengths by approximately 17%. However, EHL passive force was still nonzero for the entire isometric EHL length range, indicating pre-strain of extramuscular connections of EHL. This indicates that a substantial part of the effects originates solely from the extramuscular connections of EHL. However, a role for intermuscular connections between EHL and EDL, when present, cannot be excluded. (2) Total EHL forces included significant shape changes in the length-force curve (e.g., optimal EHL force decreased significantly by 6%) showing that due to myofascial force transmission muscle length-force characteristics are not specific properties of individual muscles. Conclusions: The pre-strain in the epimuscular connections of EDL and EHL indicate that these myofascial pathways are sufficiently stiff to transmit force even after small changes in relative position of a muscle with respect to its neighboring muscular and nonmuscular tissues. This suggests the likelihood of such effects also in vivo.
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Smith, P. G., T. Tokui, and M. Ikebe. "Mechanical strain increases contractile enzyme activity in cultured airway smooth muscle cells." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 268, no. 6 (June 1, 1995): L999—L1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1995.268.6.l999.

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Smooth muscle hypertrophy is often found in tissue subjected to abnormal physical stress. To determine if physical stress (strain) per se could increase the contractile potential of airway smooth muscle (ASM), we compared cultured ASM cells subjected to strain to control cells (no strain) for rates of 1) myosin light chain kinase (MLCK)-mediated myosin light chain (LC20) phosphorylation, 2) actin-activated myosin ATPase, and 3) myosin light chain phosphatase-mediated myosin dephosphorylation. Lysates from strained cells showed increases in both LC20 phosphorylation activity and actomyosin ATPase activity but decreased rates of phosphatase-dependent myosin dephosphorylation. The increased LC20 phosphorylation activity and ATPase activity of the strained cells were accompanied by increases in cellular content of MLCK and myosin, respectively, compared with control. Because the cultured ASM cells exposed to strain expressed higher MLCK activity and actomyosin ATPase activity but lower myosin light chain phosphatase activity, these data suggest that physical stress in part determines ASM potential for contractile state.
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Somlyo, A. V., Y. E. Goldman, T. Fujimori, M. Bond, D. R. Trentham, and A. P. Somlyo. "Cross-bridge kinetics, cooperativity, and negatively strained cross-bridges in vertebrate smooth muscle. A laser-flash photolysis study." Journal of General Physiology 91, no. 2 (February 1, 1988): 165–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.91.2.165.

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The effects of laser-flash photolytic release of ATP from caged ATP [P3-1(2-nitrophenyl)ethyladenosine-5'-triphosphate] on stiffness and tension transients were studied in permeabilized guinea pig protal vein smooth muscle. During rigor, induced by removing ATP from the relaxed or contracting muscles, stiffness was greater than in relaxed muscle, and electron microscopy showed cross-bridges attached to actin filaments at an approximately 45 degree angle. In the absence of Ca2+, liberation of ATP (0.1-1 mM) into muscles in rigor caused relaxation, with kinetics indicating cooperative reattachment of some cross-bridges. Inorganic phosphate (Pi; 20 mM) accelerated relaxation. A rapid phase of force development, accompanied by a decline in stiffness and unaffected by 20 mM Pi, was observed upon liberation of ATP in muscles that were released by 0.5-1.0% just before the laser pulse. This force increment observed upon detachment suggests that the cross-bridges can bear a negative tension. The second-order rate constant for detachment of rigor cross-bridges by ATP, in the absence of Ca2+, was estimated to be 0.1-2.5 X 10(5) M-1s-1, which indicates that this reaction is too fast to limit the rate of ATP hydrolysis during physiological contractions. In the presence of Ca2+, force development occurred at a rate (0.4 s-1) similar to that of intact, electrically stimulated tissue. The rate of force development was an order of magnitude faster in muscles that had been thiophosphorylated with ATP gamma S before the photochemical liberation of ATP, which indicates that under physiological conditions, in non-thiophosphorylated muscles, light-chain phosphorylation, rather than intrinsic properties of the actomyosin cross-bridges, limits the rate of force development. The release of micromolar ATP or CTP from caged ATP or caged CTP caused force development of up to 40% of maximal active tension in the absence of Ca2+, consistent with cooperative attachment of cross-bridges. Cooperative reattachment of dephosphorylated cross-bridges may contribute to force maintenance at low energy cost and low cross-bridge cycling rates in smooth muscle.
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Hamilton, Bruce. "Medical management of hamstring muscle injury: strained evidence for platelet rich plasma." British Journal of Sports Medicine 48, no. 18 (July 18, 2014): 1336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-094009.

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Ciematnieks, Uģis, and Evita Tomanoviča. "EFFECT OF FOAM ROLLER AND STATIC STRETCHING ON BIOMECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF MUSCLE." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 6 (May 20, 2020): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol6.5082.

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After training, it is needed to perform flexibility exercises for muscle stretching, but many choose to use the foam roller. With a foam roller, you can both exercise and perform a myofascial release that affects the deep tissues of extremities. Myofascial release improves blood circulation in muscle, develops elasticity, flexibility and minimizes the risk of an unwanted injury (Myers & Frederick, 2012). Many studies are being carried out to determine the effects of the various types of stretching on balance, speed and reaction (Apostolopoulos, Metisos, Flouris & Koutedakis, 2015). Training programs are designed so that after applying different workloads at the end there is cool-down through stretching exercises, but these training plans rarely recommends foam rollers as stretching means, even though they are popular every day. Aim of study: Find out the most effective method for reducing muscle tension in lower extremities. The study identifies changes in the biomechanical parameters of the hamstring muscle group after general stretching exercises and foam roller, after GRIP fitness concept class, using the Myoton PRO biomechanical parameters measurement. The study do not show any significant differences that may be in favour of one or the other method. Literature sources indicate that foam rollers exercises helps to relieve and restore the strained muscles more quickly, increases flexibility (Barrett, 2017). Our study did not confirm any of such findings. Foam roller exercises for myophascial release is as effective as static stretching exercises.
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Connolly, Sarah C., Paul G. Smith, Nigel J. Fairbank, Carolyn A. Lall, Darren J. Cole, James D. MacKinnon, and Geoffrey N. Maksym. "Chronic oscillatory strain induces MLCK associated rapid recovery from acute stretch in airway smooth muscle cells." Journal of Applied Physiology 111, no. 4 (October 2011): 955–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00812.2009.

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A deep inspiration (DI) temporarily relaxes agonist-constricted airways in normal subjects, but in asthma airways are refractory and may rapidly renarrow, possibly due to changes in the structure and function of airway smooth muscle (ASM). Chronic largely uniaxial cyclic strain of ASM cells in culture causes several structural and functional changes in ASM similar to that in asthma, including increases in contractility, MLCK content, shortening velocity, and shortening capacity. However, changes in recovery from acute stretch similar to a DI have not been measured. We have therefore measured the response and recovery to large stretches of cells modified by chronic stretching and investigated the role of MLCK. Chronic, 10% uniaxial cyclic stretch, with or without a strain gradient, was administered for up to 11 days to cultured cells grown on Silastic membranes. Single cells were then removed from the membrane and subjected to 1 Hz oscillatory stretches up to 10% of the in situ cell length. These oscillations reduced stiffness by 66% in all groups ( P < 0.05). Chronically strained cells recovered stiffness three times more rapidly than unstrained cells, while the strain gradient had no effect. The stiffness recovery in unstrained cells was completely inhibited by the MLCK inhibitor ML-7, but recovery in strained cells exhibiting increased MLCK was slightly inhibited. These data suggest that chronic strain leads to enhanced recovery from acute stretch, which may be attributable to the strain-induced increases in MLCK. This may also explain in part the more rapid renarrowing of activated airways following DI in asthma.
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Hasaneen, Nadia A., Stanley Zucker, Richard Z. Lin, Gayle G. Vaday, Reynold A. Panettieri, and Hussein D. Foda. "Angiogenesis is induced by airway smooth muscle strain." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 293, no. 4 (October 2007): L1059—L1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00480.2006.

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Angiogenesis is an important feature of airway remodeling in both chronic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Airways in those conditions are exposed to excessive mechanical strain during periods of acute exacerbations. We recently reported that mechanical strain of human airway smooth muscle (HASM) led to an increase in their proliferation and migration. Sustained growth in airway smooth muscle in vivo requires an increase in the nutritional supply to these muscles, hence angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that cyclic mechanical strain of HASM produces factors promoting angiogenic events in the surrounding vascular endothelial cells. Our results show: 1) a significant increase in human lung microvascular endothelial cell (HMVEC-L) proliferation, migration, and tube formation following incubation in conditioned media (CM) from HASM cells exposed to mechanical strain; 2) mechanical strain of HASM cells induced VEGF expression and release; 3) VEGF neutralizing antibodies inhibited the proliferation, migration, and tube formations of HMVEC-L induced by the strained airway smooth muscle CM; 4) mechanical strain of HASM induced a significant increase in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mRNA and protein, a transcription factor required for VEGF gene transcription; and 5) mechanical strain of HASM induced HIF-1α/VEGF through dual phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ERK pathways. In conclusion, exposing HASM cells to mechanical strain induces signal transduction pathway through PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK pathways that lead to an increase in HIF-1α, a transcription factor required for VEGF expression. VEGF release by mechanical strain of HASM may contribute to the angiogenesis seen with repeated exacerbation of asthma and COPD.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Strained muscle"

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Kimber, Nicholas E., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Skeletal muscle fat metabolism during post-exercise recovery in humans." Deakin University. School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050826.115311.

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Recovery after prolonged or high-intensity exercise is characterised by a substantial increase in adipose tissue lipolysis, resulting in elevated rates of plasma-derived fat oxidation. Despite the large increase in circulating fatty acids (FAs) after exercise, only a small fraction of this is taken up by exercised muscle in the lower extremities. Indeed, the predominant fate of non-oxidised FAs derived from post-exercise lipolysis is reesteriflcation hi the liver. During recovery from endurance exercise, a number of changes also occur hi skeletal muscle that allow for a high metabolic priority towards glycogen resynthesis. Reducing muscle glycogen during exercise potentiates these effects, however the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating substrate oxidation following exercise remain poorly defined. The broad arm of this thesis was to examine the regulation of fat metabolism during recovery from glycogen-lowering exercise hi the presence of altered fat and glucose availability. In study I, eight endurance-trained males completed a bout of exhaustive exercise followed by ingestion of carbohydrate (CHO)-rich meals (64-70% of energy from CHO) at 1, 4, and 7 h of recovery. Duplicate muscle biopsies were obtained at exhaustion and 3, 6 and 18 h of recovery. Despite the large intake of CHO during recovery (491 ± 28 g or 6.8 + 0.3 g • kg-1), respiratory exchange ratio values of 0.77 to 0.84 indicated a greater reliance on fat as an oxidative fuel. Intramuscular triacylglycerol (IMTG) content remained unchanged in the presence of elevated glucose and insulin levels during recovery , suggesting IMTG has a negligible role in contributing to the enhanced fat oxidation after exhaustive exercise. It appears that the partitioning of exogenous glucose towards glycogen resynthesis is of high metabolic priority during immediate post-exercise recovery, supported by the trend towards reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity and increased fat oxidation. The effect of altering plasma FA availability during post-exercise recovery was examined in study II. Eight endurance-trained males performed three trials consisting of glycogen-lowering exercise, followed by infusion of either saline (CON), saline + nicotinic acid (NA) (LFA) or Intralipid and heparin (HFA). Muscle biopsies were obtained at the end of exercise (0 h) and at 3 and 6 h in recovery. Altering the availability of plasma FAs during recovery induced changes in whole-body fat oxidation that were unrelated to differences in skeletal muscle malonyl-CoA. Furthermore, fat oxidation and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation appear to be dissociated after exercise, suggesting mechanisms other than phosphorylation-mediated changes in ACC activity have an important role in regulating malonyl-CoA and fat metabolism in human skeletal muscle after exercise. Alternative mechanisms include citrate and long-chain fatty acyl-CoA mediated changes in ACC activity, or differences in malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD) activity. Reducing plasma FA concentrations with NA attenuated the post-exercise increase in MCD and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) gene expression, suggesting that FAs and/or other factors induced by NA are involved hi the regulation of these genes. Despite marked changes hi plasma FA availability, no significant changes in IMTG concentration were detected, providing further evidence that plasma-derived FAs are the preferential fuel source contributing to the enhanced fat oxidation post-exercise during recovery. To further examine the effect of substrate availability after exercise, Study III investigated the regulation of fat metabolism during a 6 h recovery period with or without glucose infusion. Enhanced glucose availability significantly increased CHO oxidation compared with the fasted state, although no differences in whole-body fat oxidation were apparent. Consistent with the similar rates of fat metabolism, no difference hi AMPK or ACCβ phosphorylation were observed between trials. In addition, no significant treatment or time effects for IMTG concentration were detected during recovery. The large exercise-induced PDK4 gene expression was attenuated when plasma FAs were reduced during glucose infusion, supporting the hypothesis that PDK4 is responsive to sustained changes in lipid availability and/or changes in plasma insulin. Furthermore, the possibility exists that the suppression of PDK4 mRNA also reduced PDK activity and thus maintained PDH activity to account for the higher rates of CHO oxidation observed during glucose infusion compared with the control trial.
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Wadley, Glenn, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Regulation of insulin signalling by exercise in skeletal muscle." Deakin University. School of Health Sciences, 2003. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050826.111050.

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Regular physical activity improves insulin action and is an effective therapy for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes. However, little is known of the mechanisms by which exercise improves insulin action in muscle. These studies investigate the actions of a single bout of exercise and short-term endurance training on insulin signalling. Twenty-four hours following the completion of a single bout of endurance exercise insulin action improved, although greater enhancement of insulin action was demonstrated following the completion of endurance training, implying that cumulative bouts of exercise substantially increase insulin action above that seen from the residual effects of an acute bout of prior exercise. No alteration in the abundance and phosphorylation of proximal members of the insulin-signalling cascade in skeletal muscle, including the insulin receptor and IRS-1 were found. A major finding however, was the significant increase in the serine phosphorylation of a known downstream signalling protein, Akt (1.5 fold, p ≤0.05) following an acute bout of exercise and exercise training. This was matched by the observed increase in protein abundance of SHPTP2 (1.6 fold, p ≤0.05) a protein tyrosine phosphatase, in the cytosolic fraction of skeletal muscle following endurance exercise. These data suggest a small positive role for SHPTP2 on insulin stimulated glucose transport consistent with transgenic mice models. Further studies were aimed at examining the gene expression following a single bout of either resistance or endurance exercise. There were significant transient increases in IRS-2 mRNA concentration in the few hours following a single bout of both endurance and resistance exercise. IRS-2 protein abundance was also observed to significantly increase 24-hours following a single bout of endurance exercise indicating transcriptional regulation of IRS-2 following muscular contraction. One final component of this PhD project was to examine a second novel insulin-signalling pathway via c-Cbl tyrosine phosphorylation that has recently been shown to be essential for insulin stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. No evidence was found for the tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl in the skeletal muscle of Zucker rats despite demonstrating significant phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and Akt by insulin treatment and successfully immunoprecipitating c-Cbl protein. Surprisingly, there was a small but significant increase in c-Cbl protein expression following insulin-stimulation, however c-Cbl tyrosine phosphorylation does not appear to be associated with insulin or exercise-mediated glucose transport in skeletal muscle.
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Askling, Carl. "Hamstring muscle strain." Doctoral thesis, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Laboratory for Biomechanics and Motor Control, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-425.

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Background: Acute hamstring strains are common injuries in different sports. They are often serious, causing long rehabilitation times and a proneness for re-injury. Preliminary observations indicate that the injuries can be of at least two types, one occurring during high-speed running and the other during motions where the hamstring muscles reach extreme lengths.

Aims: To investigate the possible existence of different types of acute hamstring strains in two specific athletic groups, namely sprinters and dancers, as well as the generality of these findings in other sports.

Methods: In the first project, 18 sprinters and 15 dancers with acute first time hamstring strains were prospectively included. All subjects were examined, clinically and with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), on 4 occasions after injury: at day 2-4, 10, 21 and 42. The follow-up period was 2 years. In the second project, 30 subjects from 21 different sports were prospectively included. All subjects were examined clinically and with MRI. The follow-up period lasted until the subjects returned to sport or finished their sport activity due to the injury.

Results: All sprinters sustained their injuries during competitive high-speed running. In contrast, all dancers encountered their injuries during slow-speed stretching type of exercises. The initial loss of strength and flexibility was significantly greater in sprinters than in dancers. At 42 days after injury, both groups could perform more than 90% of the test values of the uninjured leg. All the sprinters’ injuries were primarily located in biceps femoris long head, whereas the dancers’ injuries were mainly (87%) involving the proximal free tendon of semimembranosus. For the sprinters, involvement of the proximal free tendon, as estimated by MRI, and proximity to the ischial tuberosity, as estimated both by palpation and MRI, were associated with significantly longer time to return to pre-injury level. In the dancers, there were no significant correlations between clinical or MRI parameters and time to return to per-injury level. The time to pre-injury level was significantly longer (median 50 weeks, range 30-76) for the dancers compared to the sprinters (16, 6-50). In the second project, all injuries occurred during movements reaching a position with combined extensive hip flexion and knee extension. They were all located close to the ischial tuberosity and 83% involved the proximal free tendon of semimembranosus. Fourteen subjects (47%) decided to end their sport activity and for the remaining 16 subjects the median time back to sport was 31 (range 9-104) weeks. There were no significant correlations between clinical and MRI parameters and time to return to sport.

Conclusions: There seems to be a link between the injury situation and the two types of acute hamstring strain in sprinters and dancers with respect to clinical findings, injury location, muscles and tissues involved, and time to return to pre-injury level. Proximity of the injury to the ischial tuberosity, as estimated both by palpation and MRI, is associated with longer recovery time. Also in other sports, an injury situation where the hamstrings reach extensive lengths caused a specific injury to the proximal posterior thigh similar to that described in dancers. Due to the prolonged recovery time associated with this type of injury, correct diagnosis based on history, clinical and MRI investigation, and adequate information to the athletes are essential.


För att beställa tryckta exemplar av avhandlingen kontakta Carl Askling, carl.askling@gih.se
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Zhou, Hehe. "A novel method to measure finite strain fields in human skeletal muscles with cine phase contrast MRI in vivo, non-invasively and dynamically." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 207 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1172112541&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Maenhout, Mascha. "Strain fields within contracting skeletal muscle." Eindhoven : Maastricht : Technische Universiteit Eindhoven ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 2002. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=7018.

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Clark, Craig B. "Strain and strain rate regulation of skeletal muscle in vitro /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9970679.

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Mills, Lucy. "Skeletal muscle characteristics of commercial and traditional strains of turkey. Skeletal muscle characteristics of commercial and traditional strains of turkey." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2001. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.757904.

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McKnight, Nathan L. "Strain and strain rate mechanotransduction in human vascular smooth muscle cells /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3076345.

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Brown, Susan Carol. "Muscle development in large and small strains of mice." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522179.

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Hnot, Melanie L. "Muscle activation and strain in the guinea pig hindlimb /." Connect to online version, 2006. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2006/139.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Strained muscle"

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Cooper, Ellis D. Mathematical mechanics: From particle to muscle. Singapore: World Scientific, 2011.

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S, Kusunose Randall, and Goering Edward K, eds. Strain-counterstrain. Boise, ID: Jones Strain-Counterstrain, Inc., 1995.

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Aminoff, Tatiana. Muscle mass and age as factors influencing physical work capacity and strain in dynamic exercise. Helsinki: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 1999.

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Anderson, Dale L. Muscle pain relief in 90 seconds: The fold and hold method. Minneapolis: Cronimed Pub., 1995.

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Anderson, Dale L. Muscle pain relief in 90 seconds: The fold and hold method. Minneapolis, MN: Chronimed Pub., 1995.

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Floyd, Esme. Body massage: [the at-home massage class to release tension, relieve muscle strain and recover after sport]. London: Carlton Books, 2010.

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Radiology of musculoskeletal stress injury. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, 1990.

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Yelizarov, Nikolay. Treatment for Muscle Strain Injuries. Llumina Press, 2003.

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Kjaer, Michael, and Abigail Mackey. Muscle. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199533909.003.0002.

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Skeletal muscle is not only essential for human movement and performance, but is unfortunately also a common site for acute injuries related to physical activity and sports. The influence of exercise on skeletal muscle represents a wide range all the way from (i) physiological adaptation with regard to metabolism, morphology, and contractile properties, through (ii) physiological development of muscle hypertrophy, to (iii) pathological/physiological responses to heavy unaccustomed exercise with associated delayed onset of muscle soreness, and ending with (iv) muscle injury caused by either strain or contusion (and seldom laceration) trauma. In the present chapter we will focus on the muscle responses to acute stimuli that cause muscle injury of minor or larger magnitude, and the ensuing recovery....
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Jones, Lawrence H., Randall Kusunose, and Edward Goering. Jones Strain-Counterstrain. Jones Strain Counterstrain Incorporated, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Strained muscle"

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Zhou, Jingyu, and Amit Gupta. "Muscle Strain." In PET/MR Imaging, 51–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65106-4_22.

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Erosa, Stephen, Samantha C. Erosa, and Kevin Sperber. "Thoracic Muscle Strain." In Musculoskeletal Sports and Spine Disorders, 365–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50512-1_83.

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Beatty, Nicholas R., and James F. Wyss. "Lumbosacral Muscle Strain." In Musculoskeletal Sports and Spine Disorders, 395–403. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50512-1_91.

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Guy, Jeffrey, and Alex Wagner. "Muscle Strains in Football." In Football Injuries, 107–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54875-9_6.

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Hatzantoni, Katerina, and Wasim S. Khan. "Lower Limb Muscle Strains." In Orthopedics of the Upper and Lower Limb, 385–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43286-7_24.

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Rodrigo, Rosa Mónica, Juan María Santisteban, Javier Telletxea-Elorriaga, and Francisco Angulo. "Muscle Strains and Avulsion Injuries." In Sports Injuries in Children and Adolescents, 23–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54746-1_2.

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Dönmez, Gürhan, Ugur Dilicikik, Sedat Tolga Aydoğ, Mustafa Kürşat Evrenos, Onur Tetik, Murat Demirel, and Mahmut Nedim Doral. "Muscle Injuries: Strains, Contusions, and Ruptures." In Sports Injuries, 2263–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36569-0_170.

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Dönmez, Gürhan, Uğur Diliçıkık, Sedat Tolga Aydoğ, Mustafa Kürşat Evrenos, Onur Tetik, Murat Demirel, and Mahmut Nedim Doral. "Muscle Injuries: Strains, Contusions, and Ruptures." In Sports Injuries, 1–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36801-1_170-1.

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Goonewardene, Sanchia S., Raj Persad, Hanif Motiwala, and David Albala. "NMIBC—BCG Strain and Outcomes." In Management of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, 171–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28646-0_31.

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Maffulli, Nicola, and Angelo Del Buono. "Muscle Strains: Pathophysiology and New Classification Models." In Nuclear Medicine and Radiologic Imaging in Sports Injuries, 939–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46491-5_42.

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Conference papers on the topic "Strained muscle"

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Gao, Yingxin, Alan S. Wineman, and Anthony M. Waas. "Time-Dependent Lateral Transmission of Force in Skeletal Muscle." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204820.

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The composite structure of skeletal muscle is composed of muscle fibers and an extracellular matrix (ECM) framework. This framework is associated with different levels of structure: (a) epimysium, that ensheaths the whole muscle; (b) perimysium, that binds a group of muscle fibers into bundles and (c) endomysium that surrounds the individual muscle fibers. The properties of ECM components and their interaction with muscle fibers determine the overall mechanical properties of the whole muscle. Previous studies have experimentally demonstrated that stress could be laterally transmitted through the ECM [1]. The ECM is thus an essential element in mechanical function of the muscle [2]. The most widely used model describing load transfer between a discontinuous fiber and matrix is the shear lag model, originally proposed by Cox [3]]. This model centers on the transfer of tensile stress between fibers by means of interfacial shear stresses and shear deformation of the matrix. In this paper, a modified shear lag model is developed to investigate the time-dependent mechanics of stress transfer between activated muscle fibers and the surrounding strained ECM.
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Klodowski, Adam, Timo Rantalainen, Aki Mikkola, Prasun Dastidar, Ari Heinonen, and Harri Sievanen. "A Dynamic Simulation of a Human Gait Using the Hybrid Muscle Model and a QCT-Based Flexible Tibia." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86831.

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The flexible multibody simulation [9] approach can be used in a wide variety of engineering applications. In a previous study of authors [1], flexible multibody simulation approach was used to estimate strains during walking at tibial midshaft. In the previous study, simple muscle models were used in conjunction with a flexible tibia model based on magnetic resonance images (MRI). This study is an extension of the previous developments [1], [2] demonstrating the potential of model improvement by introducing hybrid muscle models, along with the flexible tibia based model on computed tomography (CT). The computed tomography technique allows for the accounting of inhomogeneous density and elasticity in the flexible bone model comparing to magnetic resonance which do not provide any information on material properties. Hybrid muscle configuration used in this study consists of electromyography (EMG) actuated simple muscles configured with open-loop control for soleus, tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius and rectus femoris muscles and closed-loop Hill-based muscles [13] for the remaining lower body muscles. Strain results introduced in the study show good correlation with previous studies.
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Linder-Ganz, Eran, and Amit Gefen. "The Effects of Pressure and Shear on Capillary Closure in the Microstructure of Skeletal Muscles: Computational Studies." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176516.

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Deep tissue injury (DTI) is a serious and potentially deadly type of pressure ulcers, which initiate in deep muscle tissue under bony prominences of immobilized patients, and progress outwards towards the skin with no clear visual indications of the injury at the surface of the body. It had been suggested that DTI appear in muscle tissue first, due to the dense capillary vasculature in skeletal muscles which is susceptible to obstruction and occlusion by mechanical forces [1–3]. Though mechanical forces may cause capillaries to collapse and thus induce ischemic conditions in adjacent muscle cells [2], some investigators stipulated that ischemia alone cannot explain the etiology of DTI, and so, other mechanisms, particularly excessive cellular deformations must be involved [1]. We hypothesize that physiological levels of stresses and strains in muscle tissue under bony prominences — even when muscles are highly loaded as during sitting — do not cause complete closure of muscle capillaries, and therefore, do not cause an acute ischemia in muscles. If this is indeed the case, then ischemia cannot be the only factor contributing to DTI onset. In order to test our hypothesis, we developed a finite element (FE) model of the microstructure of skeletal muscle, at the level of muscle fascicles, and employed the model to determine the stress and strain levels required for causing partial and complete closure of capillaries.
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Rehorn, Michael R., and Silvia S. Blemker. "3D Finite Element Modeling of the Biceps Femoris Muscle." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206695.

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Hamstring strain injury is a significant problem for many athletes [1]. Muscle-tendon (MT) length changes and activation patterns during the sprinting cycle likely contribute to the high risk of injury. It has been suggested that injury may occur during the late swing phase of the sprinting cycle when the hamstring fibers experience activated muscle lengthening [2]. Of the hamstrings muscles, the biceps femoris longhead (BFLH) is the most commonly injured, with the injury most frequently localized along the proximal muscle-tendon junction [3]. We hypothesize that the injuries are localized in this region because it is also the area of highest localized strains.
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Novotny, John E., Brian A. Knarr, and Hehe Zhou. "Maximum Contractile Strain in the Biceps Brachii Is Bounded by Sarcomere Geometry." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192589.

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Skeletal muscles’ primary function is the application of force to its bony origins and insertions. There are various models of muscle function that generally assume a uniform behavior from origin to insertion during force generation even though the structure and activation is complex. Engineering strains within skeletal muscles, though, have been shown to be non-uniform [1]. We have developed methods to quantify Lagrangian finite strains using cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (CPCMRI) and post-processing algorithms [2] and have described them during cyclic motion in the supraspinatus and biceps brachii. Principal and maximum in-plane shear strains can be identified at the scale of millimeters throughout the contracting and elongating muscle.
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Linder-Ganz, Eran, Noga Shabshin, Yacov Itzchak, Itzhak Siev-Ner, and Amit Gefen. "Peak Gluteal Muscle Strain and Stress Values During Sitting Are Greater in Paraplegics Than in Normals." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175941.

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Deep tissue injury (DTI) is a severe type of pressure ulcers affecting the viability of muscle tissue under bony prominences first [1]. Most researchers agree that prolonged elevated muscle tissue strains and stresses cause the onset of DTI. We recently showed that internal strain and stress distributions in muscle tissue of individuals can be evaluated by integrating Open-MRI examinations with subject-specific finite element (FE) analyses [2]. However, sub-dermal soft tissue strain and stress data from paraplegic wheelchair users are missing in the literature. Our present goals were therefore (i) to determine the strain and stress distributions in the gluteus muscles and enveloping fat under the ischial tuberosities (IT) of paraplegic wheelchair users during sitting and lying in an Open-MRI, (ii) to compare the paraplegic data to those obtained previously from normal subjects [2], and (iii) to compare between results obtained from paraplegics in the sitting and lying postures, in order to quantify the effect of posture on sub-dermal tissue mechanical conditions, particularly intramuscular shear stress.
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Miron, Geneviève, and Jean-Sébastien Plante. "Design of a Durable Air-Muscle With Integrated Sensor for Soft Robotics." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47872.

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Soft robotics integrates compliant actuators and sensors that expand design possibilities beyond classic robotics based on rigid modular components. In particular, deformable elastomer-based actuators used in soft robots, such as air-muscles, offer the possibility of having large numbers of embedded degrees of freedom. However, air-muscles fatigue life and strain capability call for a tradeoff, limiting their practical use in demanding applications such as physical rehabilitation, medical robotics, and mobile robots. This paper presents the design of a durable high-strain air-muscle composed of a silicone tube and an axially elastic sleeve (radially rigid), which integrates a flexible Dielectric Elastomer (DE) position sensor. The uniformity of the sleeve, by opposition to usual braids, makes for a reinforcement without local stresses that cause membrane failure. Designed based on fatigue failure principles, this air-muscle withstands 145 000 cycles at 50 % elongation, which demonstrates its potential as a durable high-strain actuator. Performance maps of the air-muscle confirm good linearity between force, pressure and strain and demonstrate bi-directional force capability. Furthermore, the integration of a DE sensor allows for accurate position control of the air-muscle (0.17 mm), making the air-muscle/sensor unit a relevant building block for complex soft robotics systems. The all-polymer high-strain actuator/sensor unit proves to be accurate and durable as well as cost-effective, thus making it ideal for soft robotics applications requiring large numbers of actuators and integrated sensing.
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Spath, William E., and Wayne W. Walter. "Feasibility of Integrating Multiple Types of Electroactive Polymers to Develop an Artificial Human Muscle." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37321.

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Electroactive polymers (EAPs) have been labeled as the future stakeholder for artificial muscle technology and machine actuation. The US Armed Forces have seen an increased population of service members suffering from loss of limbs as a result of conflicts overseas. Civilian populations have suffered as well, due to muscle tissue deterioration brought on by injury or disease. Many prosthetic limbs have been engineered with rotary actuation, but do not mimic fluid motion as human muscles do. Through the research of biomimetics, imitating nature and applying those techniques to technology, electroactive polymers have been found to produce the fluid-like characteristics of biological muscles as needed for precise artificial simulation. These materials exhibit common traits of biological muscle tissue regarding potential energy storage. When activated by an electrical voltage potential, EAPs can produce characteristics such as: bending/axial strain or changes in viscosity. One classification of electroactive polymers, Ionic EAPs, exhibit bipolar activation under low voltages and can be found in various physical states; solid, liquid, and gel states. These characteristics make Ionic EAPs the most attractive materials to be used in low energy or mobile applications, such as exoskeletons and implants. For high strain and large load applications, electronic EAPs can be used. Electronic EAPs require high voltages which induces high rates of strain and large deformations. To date, it appears that various types of EAP materials are being used individually, as opposed to integrated with other types. Biological muscles are made of many different proteins organized in an optimized geometrical structure which yields a more efficient response combined than achieved individually. The focus of the current project is to integrate multiple EAP materials in a designed mechanical system to produce a closer representation of a biological muscle. The status of this RIT project; to design, fabricate, and test an integrated EAP-based artificial muscle will be discussed along with the conceptual thinking for design obtained to date.
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Webb, Joshua D., and Roger V. Gonzalez. "A Three Dimensional Forward Dynamic Model of a Human Knee for Determining Ligament Forces." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-43127.

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A three-dimensional musculoskeltal model of the human knee is being developed to investigate the forces placed on the four major knee ligaments as a result of muscle contraction. This computational knee model includes the femur, tibia, and patella, seven major muscles, four knee ligaments, and the patellar tendon. A constrained forward dynamic simulation is performed by using EMG data to estimate muscle forces. The ligament forces estimated by the model are verified by means of a robotic-cadaver experimental setup in which the knee flexion angle of a cadaver specimen was controlled by a robot. Estimated muscle forces were dynamically applied to the cadaver knee as it was flexed/extended through a specified range of motion. The ligament strain calculated by the model is compared to the strain measured experimentally and to values found in literature to verify the accuracy of the model.
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Wu, Lianjun, and Yonas Tadesse. "Modeling of the Electrical Resistance of TCP Muscle." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72065.

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A recently emerged artificial muscle that is created by transforming a sewing thread or fishing line through a process of twisting, coiling and annealing has a great potential application in sensing, actuation or energy harvesting. Extensive experimental investigations along with modeling have been carried out to further understand the twisted and coiled polymer (TCP) muscle. The TCP muscle has a large actuation stroke and long life cycle, and is easy to produce with low cost. Incorporation of TCP muscles into sensor application will advance the combined muscle-sensor integrated system development. We explored the strain sensing principle of TCP muscle based on its change in electrical resistance during actuation. In this paper, we present a geometrical model to describe the principle based on the relationship between the electrical resistivity, temperature and length. Moreover, a series of experiments were carried out to correlate the time domain input and output relationships as well as to verify the model.
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Reports on the topic "Strained muscle"

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Daniel P. Molloy. LETHALITY OF PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS STRAIN CLO145A TO THE 2 ZEBRA MUSSEL SPECIES PRESENT IN NORTH AMERICA. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/811381.

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