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Academic literature on the topic 'Strain Rate Sensitivity (SRS)'

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Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Strain Rate Sensitivity (SRS)"

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Chun, Y. B., and Chris H. J. Davies. "Twinning-Induced Negative Strain Rate Sensitivity in Wrought Magnesium Alloy AZ31." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 707–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.707.

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Measurements of strain rate sensitivity (SRS) provide a key link between dislocation-based interpretations of plastic deformation and macroscopic measurements made in mechanical tests. It is well known that plastic deformation of hexagonal close-packed (hcp) metals is achieved not only by dislocation glide but also by twinning and that the atomic rearrangement underlying the latter mode is different from that of slip. This leads to an expectation that co-activation of twinning may affect SRS of hcp metals. This assumption was tested in the present work where strain rate jump tests in both tension and compression were conducted on highly textured AZ31 plate. It was found that the SRS of the alloy in tension decreased with strain whereas that in compression increased with strain, exhibiting negative values at low strain and positive values at higher strain. Microstructure analyses revealed that the strain regimes where negative SRS or decreasing trend in SRS with strain was observed correspond to extensive twinning, implying a negative SRS of twinning. It is concluded that dislocation model alone cannot explain the strain rate dependence of flow stress in metals whose deformation is assisted by twinning.
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Vigié, Héloise, Thalita de Paula, Martin Surand, and Bernard Viguier. "Low Temperature Strain Rate Sensitivity of Titanium Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 570–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.570.

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Titanium alloys are widely used in many industrial applications such as in aeronautics due to their combination of good mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance and low density. The mechanical behaviour of titanium alloys is known to exhibit a peculiar dependence on both deformation temperature and strain rate. Titanium alloys show significant room temperature creep and they are very sensitive to dwell fatigue and sustained load cracking. This behaviour is related to the viscosity of plastic deformation in titanium alloys, which can be represented by a strain rate sensitivity (SRS) parameter. The present study aims to compare the tensile behavior of two different titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-4V and β21S, which exhibit dissimilar microstructures. Results of tensile tests, performed under constant strain rate and including strain rate changes, are reported in terms of flow stress, ductility and SRS over a wide range of temperatures.
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May, Johannes, Heinz Werner Höppel, and Matthias Göken. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Ultrafine Grained FCC- and BCC-Type Metals." Materials Science Forum 503-504 (January 2006): 781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.503-504.781.

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The dependence of the strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of α-Fe and Al 99.5, as typical representatives of fcc- and bcc-type metals, on the testing temperature and with respect to the microstructure is investigated. In particular, the differences between conventional grain size (CG) and ultrafine grain size (UFG) are pointed out. UFG Al 99.5 generally shows an elevated SRS compared to CG Al 99.5. In case of α-Fe the SRS of the UFG state is decreased at room temperature, but increased at 200 °C, compared to the CG state. It is shown that the SRS also influences the ductility of UFG-metals in tensile tests.
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Vevecka-Priftaj, Aferdita, Andreas Böhner, Johannes May, Heinz Werner Höppel, and Matthias Göken. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Ultrafine Grained Aluminium Alloy AA6061." Materials Science Forum 584-586 (June 2008): 741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.741.

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The strain rate sensitivity of the aluminium alloy AA6061 has been investigated in a conventional grain sized (CG) state and in two different ultrafine grained (UFG) conditions processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) for 2 and 6 passes at 100o C. Strain rate jump tests in compression were performed at different temperatures and the strain-rate sensitivity exponent m was determined. The tests were accomplished by microstructural investigations before and after compression testing in CG and UFG conditions. It is shown that all UFG microstructures exhibit strongly increased strain-rate sensitivity (SRS) compared to the CG state. The SRS increases with increasing temperature and is more pronounced for the UFG material processed using 6 ECAP passes. The microstructural investigations show a rather high stability of the grain structure for the UFG conditions up to 250o C. The results are discussed with respect to the relevant deformation mechanisms.
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Lee, Min-Su, Yong-Taek Hyun, and Tea-Sung Jun. "Effect of oxygen contents on strain rate sensitivity of commercially pure titanium." MATEC Web of Conferences 321 (2020): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032104009.

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In this study, we have investigated the effect of oxygen contents on strain rate senstivitiy (SRS) within Gr. 1 and 4 commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti). The SRS was evaluated in multi-scales using macro-scopic tensile test with constant strain rate (CSR) method and strain rate jump (SRJ) method, and nanoindentation test with SRJ method. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has been used to characterise crystallographic texture and individual grain orientation of samples. Slip and twin activities of each CP-Ti were compared by EBSD measurements and the associated Schmid factor (SF) analysis. The active slip system is anticipated to be different in each relation between loading directions and textures, but twin activity is much similar. The texture dependent global SRS is thus thought to be resulted from the different slip activity. Local SRS was dependent not only on the grain orientation but also on the oxygen contents, leading to the fact that the impact of oxygen contents is closely correlated in macro- and micro-scopic level.
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Jun, Tea-Sung. "Local strain rate sensitivity of α+β phases within dual-phase Ti alloys." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2169, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2169/1/012040.

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Abstract Using in-situ micropillar compression, the local strain rate sensitivity in Ti6242 and Ti6246 has been investigated to strengthen our understanding on the rate- and slip system-sensitive deformation of dual-phase Ti alloys. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was used to find target grains anticipating basal and primatic slip activities under compression test. Micropillars with similar α orientation and incomparable β morphology were made by a focused ion beam (FIB). Strain rate sensitivity (SRS) was determined based on the constant strain rate method (CSRM). The marked difference of SRS is found in the α+β of both alloys such that in Ti6242 the SRS in the basal slip is considerably higher than that in the prism whilst both slips in Ti6246 show somewhat similar SRS, inferring that either local chemical effects or the β morphology could affect rate-sensitive deformation behaviour.
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Zhang, Fan, Cheng Wen Tan, and Hong Nian Cai. "Influence of Precipitate Phase on the Strain Rate Sensitivity of Mg-Gd-Y Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 792–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.792.

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Supersaturated Mg-Gd-Y alloy followed by aging at 225 °C with different times were subjected to quais-static and dynamic strain rates to determine the influence of precipitate phase β′ on the strain rate sensitivity of magnesium alloy. Strain rate sensitivity (SRS) decreases with the increase of the size of β′. SRS decreases from initial condition to peak-aged condition due to the β′ increases the athermal component of flow stress. On the other hand, the influence of precipitate interfaces on dislocation generation and storage mechanisms may be responsible for the decrease of SRS from peak-aged to over-aged condition.
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Li, Mingcan. "Effect of Annealing on Strain Rate Sensitivity of Metallic Glass under Nanoindentation." Metals 10, no. 8 (August 6, 2020): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10081063.

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The influence of isothermal annealing on the strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of a Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) was investigated by nanoindentation. A more positive SRS is observed with a decrease in the content of the free volume (FV) of the sample. Furthermore, the SRS becomes nearly constant with increasing annealing time when the FV is annealed out. By taking into consideration the FV-assisted activation and combination of the shear transformation zones (STZs), the underlying mechanism is well understood. The current work may offer useful insights into the correlation between the microstructure and mechanical properties of BMGs.
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Wang, Xiang, Zhi Qiang Ren, Wei Xiong, Si Nan Liu, Ying Liu, Si Lan, and Jing Tao Wang. "Negative Strain Rate Sensitivity Induced by Structure Heterogeneity in Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10 Bulk Metallic Glass." Metals 11, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11020339.

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The negative strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of metallic glasses is frequently observed. However, the physical essence involved is still not well understood. In the present work, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) reveal the strong structure heterogeneity at nanometer and tens of nanometer scales, respectively, in bulk metallic glass (BMG) Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10 subjected to fully confined compression processing. A transition of SRS of stress, from 0.012 in the as-cast specimen to −0.005 in compression processed specimen, was observed through nanoindentation. A qualitative formulation clarifies the critical role of internal stress induced by structural heterogeneity in this transition. It reveals the physical origin of this negative SRS frequently reported in structurally heterogeneous BMG alloys and its composites.
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Chinh, Nguyen Q., Tamás Csanádi, Jenő Gubicza, Ruslan Valiev, Boris Straumal, and Terence G. Langdon. "The Effect of Grain Boundary Sliding and Strain Rate Sensitivity on the Ductility of Ultrafine-Grained Materials." Materials Science Forum 667-669 (December 2010): 677–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.667-669.677.

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Most ultrafine-grained (UFG) materials produced by severe plastic deformation (SPD) exibit only limited ductility which is correlated with the low strain rate sensitivity (SRS) of these materials. Recently, it was demonstrated that SPD is capable of increasing the room temperature ductility of aluminum-based alloys attaining elongations up to 150%, together with relatively high strain rate sensitivity. In the present work, additional results and discussions are presented on the effect of grain boundary sliding (GBS) and SRS on the ductility of some UFG metals and alloys. The characteristics of constitutive equations describing the steady-state deformation process are quantitatively analyzed for a better understanding of the effects of grain boundaries and strain rate sensitivity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Strain Rate Sensitivity (SRS)"

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Pelini, Angelo. "Influence of Strain Rate Sensitivity (SRS) of Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V on Nanoscale Wear Resistance." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1516980302644593.

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Bînţu, Alexandra. "Analysis and control of SRS of Al-Mg alloys and TWIP steel for improved mechanical performance." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16856.

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Doutoramento em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais
Nesta tese são apresentados estudos experimentais e microestruturais para a análise e controlo da sensibilidade à velocidade de deformação (SRS) da liga AA5182 e do aço TWIP com o objetivo de melhorar o comportamento mecânico destes materiais. Os aços TWIP são materiais com elevada resistência mecânica e excecional capacidade de encruamento, parâmetros que conduzem à absorção de uma quantidade significativa de energia antes de rotura. As ligas de AlMg são materiais leves, com boa resistência à corrosão e boas propriedades mecânicas. A larga variedade de aplicações, como por exemplo na indústria automóvel, permitirá melhorar a performance dos produtos e economizar energia. O maior problema destes materiais prende-se com a baixa ou negativa sensibilidade à velocidade de deformação que conduz a uma deformação heterogénea e limita a deformação após estricção. Neste trabalho são estudados métodos para melhorar a SRS das ligas de AlMg através de combinação de deformação plástica severa e tratamentos térmicos, e é investigada a origem física da baixa ou até negativa SRS do aço TWIP através de ensaios à escala macro, micro e nano. Estes estudos são complementados e sustentados por um amplo programa de observações microestructurais através de técnicas de microscopia TEM, SEM e EBSD. A deformação plástica severa na liga de AlMg foi aplicada através de laminagem. Foi demonstrado que o tipo de laminagem (simétrica versus assimétrica), o grau de redução de laminagem e o tratamento térmico realizado após a laminagem são os principais fatores que afetam a evolução da SRS. Especificamente, o aumento do grau de laminagem (de 50% para 90%) resulta num aumento da SRS. A técnica de laminagem assimétrica inversa (ASRR) revelou ser a mais eficiente no aumento do SRS, sendo que esta produz a maior deformação equivalente no material. Adicionalmente, para este tipo de laminagem e uma redução da espessura de 90%, verificou-se que a tensão de cedência aumenta para um tratamento térmico mais longo (de 30min a 120min). Conjetura-se que o processo físico associado ao comportamento observado está relacionado com a movimentação de ida e volta de solutos de Mg da solução sólida para precipitados/cachos durante o processo de laminagem e posterior tratamento térmico. A investigação à sensibilidade da velocidade de deformação de aço TWIP com base em testes mecânicos e caracterização microestrutural foi outro objetivo desta tese. Demonstrou-se que as amostras testadas com uma velocidade de deformação reduzida apresentam uma densidade de maclas maior do que as amostras testadas a uma velocidade de deformação maior. À escala macroscópica este traduz-se numa taxa de encruamento maior para velocidades reduzidas, conduzindo a um coeficiente de sensibilidade à velocidade de deformação em termos de taxa de encruamento negativo. Foi observada uma diminuição da SRS com o aumento da deformação, passando de valores positivos a negativos. O presente estudo demonstrou a importância da medida de escala utilizada na investigação do SRS através de uma combinação de testes de micro- e nano-indentações. Nomeadamente, quando o material é testado a uma escala nanométrica, através de nano-indentação, as amostras pré-deformadas em tração com taxas de deformação menores apresentam sistematicamente uma dureza menor do que as amostras pré-deformadas com taxas mais elevadas. À medida que o volume de material testado aumenta, a dureza relativa das duas amostras passa gradualmente da tendência observada à escala nano para aquela observada à escala macroscópica. O efeito está ligado ao mecanismo de interação entre as estruturas de deslocações e maclas.
In this thesis are presented experimental and microstructural studies for strain rate sensitivity (SRS) control and analysis of AA5182 and Twinning Induced Plasticity steel for improved mechanical performance. TWIP steels are materials with very high strength and exceptional strain hardening capability, parameters leading to large energy absorption before failure. Al-Mg alloys are lightweight materials with good corrosion resistance and adequate material properties. The broader use of these materials, for example in the automotive industry, would allow improved product performance and energy savings. The formability of these materials is strongly affected by their negative strain rate sensitivity (SRS) which leads to early failure and limits the post necking deformation. In this work we study ways to improve the strain rate sensitivity of Al-Mg alloys through a combination of severe plastic deformation and annealing, and we investigate the physical origins of the low and potentially negative strain rate sensitivity of TWIP steel through macro, micro and nanoscale testing. These studies are supported by extensive microstructural observations. The severe plastic deformation applied to Al-Mg alloys is applied by rolling. It is shown that the type of rolling (symmetric versus asymmetric), the rolling reduction degree and the applied heat treatment performed after rolling are the main factors affecting the evolution of SRS. Specifically, SRS increases with increasing the degree of rolling for given post-rolling heat treatment. The reversed asymmetric rolling technique appears to be the most efficient in increasing SRS since it produces the largest equivalent plastic strain in the sample. Furthermore, the evolution of tensile flow stresses depends on the chosen thermal treatment; it was observed that the yield stress increases with increasing the annealing time for rolling reduction of 85%. It is conjectured that the physical process responsible for the observed behavior is related to the movement of Mg from solid solution to precipitates/clusters and back during rolling and subsequent annealing. The investigation of the strain rate sensitivity of TWIP steel based on mechanical tests and microstructural characterization is another objective of this thesis. It was demonstrated that slower-deformed samples have a higher twin density, which leads to larger flow stress measured in a macroscopic uniaxial test and results in negative strain hardening rate sensitivity. The SRS is observed to decrease with strain, becoming negative for larger strains. The correlation between SRS and the probing scale was revealed by a combination of micro- and nano-indentation experiments. When probed at the nanoscale by nano-indentation, samples pre-deformed in tension at smaller strain rates exhibit systematically smaller hardness than samples pre-deformed at higher rates. As the volume of material probed increases, the relative hardness of the two types of samples gradually shifts from the trend observed at the nanoscale to that observed macroscopically. The effect is linked to the dislocation-twin interaction mechanism.
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Ochola, Robert O. "Investigation of strain rate sensitivity of polymer matrix composites." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6740.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 210-219)
An investigation into high strain rate behaviour of polymer composites was performed by developing a finite element model for a fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) plates impacted at varying strain rates. The work was divided into three facets, firstly to characterize the FRP material at varying strain rates, to develop a constitutive model to elucidate the relationship between strain rate and ultimate stress and lastly to use the experimental data to develop a finite element model. Experimental work performed in support of this model includes material characterization of unidirectional carbon and glass fibre reinforced epoxy at varying impact strain rates. The data is then used to develop a suite of constitutive equations that relate the strain rate, ultimate stress and material loading type. The model is of a linear and non-linear viscoelastic type, depending on the type of loading and is applicable to a FRP plate undergoing out-of-plane stresses. This model incorporates techniques for approximating the quasi-static and dynamic response to general time-varying loads. The model also accounts for the effects of damage, the linear and non-linear viscoelastic constitutive laws reporting failure by instantaneously reducing the relevant elastic modulus to zero. An explicit solver is therefore utilised in order to ensure stability of the numerical procedure. Glass fibre reinforced plastics (GFRP) was found to be more strain rate sensitive in all directions when compared to carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP). The validation process therefore involves plate impact experimental testing on GFRP plates. The data from these experiments compare to within 8% of the finite element model that incorporates both damage and the developed strain rate sensitivity constitutive equations. For the first time a model that includes progressive damage with built-in strain rate sensitivity is developed for these particular FRP systems. Furthermore, the ultimate stress has been related to strain rate using an empirical technique. This technique allows for the prediction of dynamic ultimate stresses given the quasi-static ultimate stresses, again for this particular material systems.
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Larour, Patrick [Verfasser]. "Strain rate sensitivity of automotive sheet steels: influence of plastic strain, strain rate, temperature, microstructure, bake hardening and pre-strain / vorgelegt von Patrick Larour." Aachen : Shaker, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1007085649/34.

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Siddiqui, Md Tareq. "Scaling studies on the tensile strain rate sensitivity of laminated composites." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/5207.

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The stress-strain behavior and failure of composite materials are strain rate sensitive, and influenced by the dimensions of the structure. To elucidate the combined effects of scaling and strain rate on the strength of unnotched continuous fiber reinforced composites, an experimental investigation has been conducted on Newport NB321/7781 fiberglass/epoxy and Toray T800/3900-2B unitape/epoxy materials. The experimental results have been characterized in terms of failure strength, failure modes and the Weibull modulus m. A 2D-scaling approach has been followed and composite coupons were fabricated with [0]4 and [±45]s stacking sequences. The experimentation has been conducted at strain rates ranging from quasi-static (0.0002 s^-1) to high strain rate (50 s^-1), to study the mechanical responses and associated failure modes. Subsequently, the Weibull statistical model was utilized to characterize the scaling behavior at different strain rates. The average failure stress of [0]4 carbon, [0]4 fiberglass and [±45]s fiberglass specimens were observed to decrease with increasing specimen size at each strain rate. However, at high strain rate, the percentage of strength reduction was observed to be lower in comparison to the quasi-static strain rate. Owing to the free edge effects, the scaling effect was maximum for [+45/-45]s carbon unitape specimens. But unlike the other stacking sequences, the percentage of strength reduction at higher strain rates was higher compared to quasi-static strain rate, indicating increased scaling effects with strain rate. Weibull modulus m for the specimens tended to increase with increasing strain rate indicating diminishing scaling effects, while [+45/-45]s carbon specimens exhibited opposite trend. Failure at multiple locations was observed in larger coupons at high strain rate, which results in size and strain rate dependent fracture behavior.
Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Aerospace Engineering.
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Musanje, Lawrence. "Filled resin dental restorative materials exposure reciprocity and strain rate sensitivity /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22666679.

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Limbach, René [Verfasser], Lothar [Gutachter] Wondraczek, Christoph Gutachter] Kirchlechner, and Delia S. [Gutachter] [Brauer. "Strain-rate sensitivity of glasses / René Limbach ; Gutachter: Lothar Wondraczek, Christoph Kirchlechner, Delia S. Brauer." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1206275251/34.

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Juratovac, Joseph M. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 and its Interaction with Fatigue Performance at Different Speeds." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1605875502029283.

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Hosseinzadeh, Delandar Arash. "Numerical Modeling of Plasticity in FCC Crystalline Materials Using Discrete Dislocation Dynamics." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Materialteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-175424.

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Plasticity in crystalline solids is controlled by the microscopic line defects known as “dislocations”. Decisive role of dislocations in crystal plasticity in addition to fundamentals of plastic deformation are presented in the current thesis work. Moreover, major features of numerical modeling method “Discrete Dislocation Dynamics (DDD)” technique are described to elucidate a powerful computational method used in simulation of crystal plasticity. First part of the work is focused on the investigation of strain rate effect on the dynamic deformation of crystalline solids. Single crystal copper is chosen as a model crystal and discrete dislocation dynamics method is used to perform numerical uniaxial tensile test on the single crystal at various high strain rates. Twenty four straight dislocations of mixed character are randomly distributed inside a model crystal with an edge length of 1 µm subjected to periodic boundary conditions. Loading of the model crystal with the considered initial dislocation microstructure at constant strain rates ranging from 103 to 105s1 leads to a significant strain rate sensitivity of the plastic flow. In addition to the flow stress, microstructure evolution of the sample crystal demonstrates a considerable strain rate dependency. Furthermore, strain rate affects the strain induce microstructure heterogeneity such that more heterogeneous microstructure emerges as strain rate increases. Anisotropic characteristic of plasticity in single crystals is investigated in the second part of the study. Copper single crystal is selected to perform numerical tensile tests on the model crystal along two different loading directions of [001] and [111] at two high strain rates. Effect of loading orientation on the macroscopic behavior along with microstructure evolution of the model crystal is examined using DDD method. Investigation of dynamic response of single crystal to the mechanical loading demonstrates a substantial effect of loading orientation on the flow stress. Furthermore, plastic anisotropy is observed in dislocation density evolution such that more dislocations are generated as straining direction of single crystal is changed from [001] to [111] axis. Likewise, strain induced microstructure heterogeneity displays the effect of loading direction such that more heterogeneous microstructure evolve as single crystal is loaded along [111] direction. Formation of slip bands and consequently localization of plastic deformation are detected as model crystal is loaded along both directions.

QC 20151015

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Hasan, Md Nazmul. "Microstructure and mechanical properties of a CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy with gradient structures." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/23036.

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High-entropy alloys (HEAs) that demonstrate excellent mechanical properties over steel-based alloys are not exempt from the common dilemma of strength–ductility trade-off, which limits their potential applications. One way to improve the property of CrMnFeCoNi HEA is by using the rotationally accelerated shot peening technique to introduce a gradient structure. Two gradient profiles—a thin gradient layer with an undeformed core and a fully deformed structure—are introduced by adjusting the processing parameters. The effects of these gradient profiles on mechanical properties and microstructural evolution at various loading conditions and temperatures are systematically explored. In this thesis, various mechanical tests are performed to investigate the effect of the gradient structure on mechanical properties such as tensile properties at room and cryogenic temperatures, compression at different strain rates and dynamic compression at high strain rates. Material characterisations are performed using various electron microscopic techniques to build a structure–property relationship and investigate microstructural evolution.
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Books on the topic "Strain Rate Sensitivity (SRS)"

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Goble, David Leroy. Strain rate sensitivity index of thermoplastics from variable strain rate and stress relaxation testing. 1991.

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Rosca, Monica, Sergio Mondillo, and Kim O’Connor. Left atrium. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0022.

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The left atrium (LA) in a close interdependence with the left ventricle plays an essential role in the overall cardiovascular performance. The impact of LA remodelling on prognosis and risk stratification has gathered increasing evidence. With advances in imaging technology, the assessment of LA size and function become more accessible and precise. LA volume provides the most accurate estimate of LA size and superior prognostic information. Accounting for complex geometry and motion, three-dimensional echocardiography emerges as the preferred technique for the assessment of dynamic changes in LA volume. The assessment of LA function, providing important pathophysiological information, can add consistency in establishing the clinical role of LA remodelling. It is essential to fully understand the strengths and weaknesses of conventional and new echocardiographic techniques used to evaluate LA function. Atrial strain and strain rate parameters are less load dependent and have higher sensitivity in assessing LA function than conventional parameters. However, the lack of standardization and incomplete data regarding their prognostic value limits their routine use in current clinical practice.
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Book chapters on the topic "Strain Rate Sensitivity (SRS)"

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Hay, Jennifer, Verena Maier, Karsten Durst, and Mathias Göken. "Strain-Rate Sensitivity (SRS) of Nickel by Instrumented Indentation." In MEMS and Nanotechnology, Volume 6, 47–52. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4436-7_8.

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Ambrosio, Jorge A. C. "Material Strain Rate Sensitivity." In Crashworthiness, 33–47. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2572-4_3.

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Tanimura, Shinji, and Koichi Ishikawa. "A Constitutive Equation Describing Strain Hardening, Strain Rate Sensitivity, Temperature Dependence and Strain Rate History Effect." In Anisotropy and Localization of Plastic Deformation, 417–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3644-0_97.

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Shioiri, J., K. Sakino, and S. Santoh. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Flow Stress at Very High Rates of Strain." In Constitutive Relation in High/Very High Strain Rates, 49–58. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65947-1_6.

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Tabachnikova, E. D., V. Z. Bengus, V. D. Natsik, A. V. Podolskii, S. N. Smirnov, R. Z. Valiev, V. V. Stolyarov, and I. V. Alexandrov. "Low Temperature Strain Rate Sensitivity of Some Nanostructured Metals." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation, 207–12. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch3p.

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Lin, Gao, and Dong Ming Yan. "Strain-Rate Sensitivity of Concrete: Influence of Moisture Content." In Experimental Mechanics in Nano and Biotechnology, 1661–64. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-415-4.1661.

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Avril, Stéphane, Fabrice Pierron, Junhui Yan, and Michael A. Sutton. "Identification of Strain-Rate Sensitivity With the Virtual Fields Method." In Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures, 661–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6239-1_328.

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Prime, Michael B. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability Experiments for Metal Strength." In Dynamic Behavior of Materials, Volume 1, 13–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62956-8_3.

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Alturk, Rakan, Steven Mates, Zeren Xu, and Fadi Abu-Farha. "Effects of Microstructure on the Strain Rate Sensitivity of Advanced Steels." In TMS 2017 146th Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings, 243–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51493-2_24.

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Wang, Lei, Yang Liu, Xiu Song, Junchao Jin, Jinhui Du, and Beijiang Zhang. "Study on the Strain Rate Sensitivity of a Ni-Based Superalloy." In PRICM, 469–74. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118792148.ch57.

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Conference papers on the topic "Strain Rate Sensitivity (SRS)"

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Shi, Ming F., and David J. Meuleman. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Automotive Steels." In International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/920245.

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Wright, J. K., J. A. Simpson, R. N. Wright, L. J. Carroll, and T. L. Sham. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Alloys 800H and 617." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-98045.

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The flow stress of many materials is a function of the applied strain rate at elevated temperature. The magnitude of this effect is captured by the strain rate sensitivity parameter “m”. The strain rate sensitivity of two face–center cubic solid solution alloys that are proposed for use in high temperature heat exchanger or steam generator applications, Alloys 800H and 617, has been determined as a function of temperature over that range of temperatures relevant for these applications. In addition to determining the strain rate sensitivity, it is important for nuclear design within Section III of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code to determine temperature below which the flow stress is not affected by the strain rate. This temperature has been determined for both Alloy 800H and Alloy 617. At high temperature the strain rate sensitivity of the two alloys is significant and they have similar m values. For Alloy 617 the temperature limit below which little or no strain rate sensitivity is observed is approximately 700°C. For Alloy 800H this temperature is approximately 650°C.
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Syed, Izhar H. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Graphite/Polymer Laminate Composites." In Shock Compression of Condensed Matter - 2001: 12th APS Topical Conference. AIP, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1483632.

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Miglin, M. T., and J. L. Nelson. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of Alloy 718 Stress Corrosion Cracking." In Superalloys. TMS, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/1991/superalloys_1991_695_704.

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Isakov, M., V. T. Kuokkala, and R. Ruoppa. "Instantaneous strain rate sensitivity of metastable austenitic stainless steel." In DYMAT 2009 - 9th International Conferences on the Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamic Loading. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/dymat/2009205.

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Ananthakrishna, Garani. "Bistability, negative strain rate sensitivity and visualization of dislocation configurations." In International conference on Statistical Mechanics of Plasticity and Related Instabilities. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.023.0043.

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Wu, Q. S., X. Wei, Y. L. Wang, and L. Q. Heng. "Strain Rate Sensitivity of a Ferrite and Martensite Dual Phase Steel." In The 2nd International Conference on Advanced High Strength Steel and Press Hardening (ICHSU 2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813140622_0032.

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Belingardi, G., G. Chiandussi, and A. Ibba. "Identification of strain-rate sensitivity parameters of steel sheet by genetic algorithm optimisation." In HIGH PERFORMANCE STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/hpsm06021.

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Rifai, M., Mujamilah, and H. Miyamoto. "Microstructure and strain rate sensitivity in pure magnesium subjected to severe plastic deformation." In PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND APPLICATION 2020 (ICONSTA 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0066260.

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Wang, B., J. Zheng, and G. Lu. "Dynamic strength and strain rate sensitivity of 37 wt% Pb 63 wt% Su eutectic solders." In 2006 8th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eptc.2006.342798.

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Reports on the topic "Strain Rate Sensitivity (SRS)"

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Dilmore, M. F., Thomas B. Crenshaw, and Brad Lee Boyce. The strain-rate sensitivity of high-strength high-toughness steels. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/902598.

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Taylor. L51755 Development and Testing of an Advanced Technology Vibration Transmission. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010124.

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Fiber optic sensors have been under development in industrial and government laboratories around the world for over a decade. The commercial market for fiber sensors for measuring parameters such as temperature, displacement, and liquid level is now estimated to exceed $100 M/year. Aside from the commercial interest, the U. S. Department of Defense has vigorously pursued the development of fiber gyroscopes and hydrophones. In spite of the high level of research and development activity, however, until recently fiber sensors had not been successfully applied in high-temperature engine environments. The goal of this effort is to develop and test high-temperature fiber optic sensors and show that they are suitable for monitoring vibration and other instabilities in gas turbine engines. The underlying technology developed during the course of PRCI projects PR- 219-9120 and PR-219-9225 during 1991-94 serves as the foundation for PR-240-9416. Transducers with the fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) configuration have been adapted for use in the turbomachinery environment.To ensure the survival of the FFPI sensors at high temperatures, two techniques for coating the fibers with metal have been developed: electroplating and vacuum deposition. Coated sensors have subsequently been embedded in aluminum and brass alloys. Experiments on a small Sargent Welch turbine engine have shown the high sensitivity of embedded FFPI strain sensors to vibration in rolling bearings. Data have been collected in both the time and frequency domain. A new accelerometer design in which a metal-coated fiber containing the FFPI element is soldered directly to a diaphragm in a stainless steel housing shows response similar to a piezoelectric accelerometer in shaker table tests. The high sensitivity of the FFPI accelerometer has been demonstrated in field tests in a Solar Centaur turbine engine, and the design has survived temperatures greater than 500�C in a test oven. A magnetometer with a physical configuration similar to that of the accelerometer has been used to measure the distance from the sensor head to a rotating shaft made of ferromagnetic material. This device, which functions as a proximity probe, has been used to monitor shaft rotation rate (keyphasor application) and as a shaft thrust position sensor. These results indicate the potential for performing critical measurements in turbine engines with FFPI sensors. They can measure acceleration, distance (proximity), strain (as it relates to bearing defect diagnosis), and gas pressure, and can operate at higher temperatures than conventional transducers.
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Liu and Nixon. L52305 Probabilistic Analysis of Pipeline Uplift Resistance. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0000002.

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To investigate the feasibility of probabilistic analyses of the peak uplift resistance in frozen soils by varying parameters that are known to be important for the development of the uplift resistance under the upward movement of a pipe. A buried pipeline will be subjected to a variety of forces, both internal and external, including the interaction of the pipe with the surrounding soil. The soil-pipe interaction in permafrost regions have to account for the behavior of frozen and unfrozen soil, and transitions between the two as the pipeline traverses in a discontinuous permafrost zone. The variations in the properties and behavior of frozen soils are expected to be substantial in three dimensions of the Right-of-Way (ROW) and with time (seasonal fluctuations and changes with the history of pipeline operation). Given the uncertainties with frozen soil properties and the changes in behavior with time and location, a large variation in soil-pipe interaction characteristics can exist. The uplift resistance of a pipeline is one of these soil-pipe interactions that can be impacted by a variation in soil condition and state. A need was identified to outline the use of a probabilistic analysis of pipe uplift resistance in an attempt to capture the magnitude of these variations and uncertainties of frozen soil and the impact on the soil-pipe interaction. The probabilistic analysis allows the designer of a pipeline to consider a range of uplift resistance to a certain confidence level that would represent the likely values that a pipe may be subjected to. The work presented in this report is more focused on the methodology of the probabilistic approach, rather than the analysis itself for a specific design case, even though an example is provided for illustration purposes. A series of numerical simulations using Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua (FLAC) were completed varying one parameter with each run to develop a library of peak uplift resistances for a variety of different temperatures, soil properties and pipe parameters. The FLAC model was previously developed for PRC, a summary of this report is provided here to outline important parameters that were used to complete this analysis. The simulations were used to develop a correlation of peak uplift resistance as a function of soil tensile strain limit, modulus of deformation, and creep of frozen soils. Each of these parameters is dependent of the pipeline conditions such as temperature, displacement rate, and effective frozen cover depth. It is noted that the scope of the work was to develop a probabilistic method of estimating peak uplift resistance in frozen soils. Even though some sensitivity analysis were carried out, as outlined later in this report, to assess the impacts of the variable, detailed uncertainty analysis or risk assessment were not performed.
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Ohad, Itzhak, and Himadri Pakrasi. Role of Cytochrome B559 in Photoinhibition. United States Department of Agriculture, December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613031.bard.

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The aim of this research project was to obtain information on the role of the cytochrome b559 in the function of Photosystem-II (PSII) with special emphasis on the light induced photo inactivation of PSII and turnover of the photochemical reaction center II protein subunit RCII-D1. The major goals of this project were: 1) Isolation and sequencing of the Chlamydomonas chloroplast psbE and psbF genes encoding the cytochrome b559 a and b subunits respectively; 2) Generation of site directed mutants and testing the effect of such mutation on the function of PSII under various light conditions; 3) To obtain further information on the mechanism of the light induced degradation and replacement of the PSII core proteins. This information shall serve as a basis for the understanding of the role of the cytochrome b559 in the process of photoinhibition and recovery of photosynthetic activity as well as during low light induced turnover of the D1 protein. Unlike in other organisms in which the psbE and psbF genes encoding the a and b subunits of cytochrome b559, are part of an operon which also includes the psbL and psbJ genes, in Chlamydomonas these genes are transcribed from different regions of the chloroplast chromosome. The charge distribution of the derived amino-acid sequences of psbE and psbF gene products differs from that of the corresponding genes in other organisms as far as the rule of "positive charge in" is concerned relative to the process of the polypeptide insertion in the thylakoid membrane. However, the sum of the charges of both subunits corresponds to the above rule possibly indicating co-insertion of both subunits in the process of cytochrome b559 assembly. A plasmid designed for the introduction of site-specific mutations into the psbF gene of C. reinhardtii. was constructed. The vector consists of a DNA fragment from the chromosome of C. reinhardtii which spans the region of the psbF gene, upstream of which the spectinomycin-resistance-conferring aadA cassette was inserted. This vector was successfully used to transform wild type C. reinhardtii cells. The spectinomycin resistant strain thus obtained can grow autotrophically and does not show significant changes as compared to the wild-type strain in PSII activity. The following mutations have been introduced in the psbF gene: H23M; H23Y; W19L and W19. The replacement of H23 involved in the heme binding to M and Y was meant to permit heme binding but eventually alter some or all of the electron transport properties of the mutated cytochrome. Tryptophane W19, a strictly conserved residue, is proximal to the heme and may interact with the tetrapyrole ring. Therefore its replacement may effect the heme properties. A change to tyrosine may have a lesser affect on the potential or electron transfer rate while a replacement of W19 by leucine is meant to introduce a more prominent disturbance in these parameters. Two of the mutants, FW19L and FH23M have segregated already and are homoplasmic. The rest are still grown under selection conditions until complete segregation will be obtained. All mutants contain assembled and functional PSII exhibiting an increased sensitivity of PSII to the light. Work is still in progress for the detailed characterization of the mutants PSII properties. A tobacco mutant, S6, obtained by Maliga and coworkers harboring the F26S mutation in the b subunit was made available to us and was characterized. Measurements of PSII charge separation and recombination, polypeptide content and electron flow indicates that this mutation indeed results in light sensitivity. Presently further work is in progress in the detailed characterization of the properties of all the above mutants. Information was obtained demonstrating that photoinactivation of PSII in vivo initiates a series of progressive changes in the properties of RCII which result in an irreversible modification of the RCII-D1 protein leading to its degradation and replacement. The cleavage process of the modified RCII-D1 protein is regulated by the occupancy of the QB site of RCII by plastoquinone. Newly synthesized D1 protein is not accumulated in a stable form unless integrated in reassembled RCII. Thus the degradation of the irreversibly modified RCII-D1 protein is essential for the recovery process. The light induced degradation of the RCII-D1 protein is rapid in mutants lacking the pD1 processing protease such as in the LF-1 mutant of the unicellular alga Scenedesmus obliquus. In this case the Mn binding site of PSII is abolished, the water oxidation process is inhibited and harmful cation radicals are formed following light induced electron flow in PSII. In such mutants photo-inactivation of PSII is rapid, it is not protected by ligands binding at the QB site and the degradation of the inactivated RCII-D1 occurs rapidly also in the dark. Furthermore the degraded D1 protein can be replaced in the dark in absence of light driven redox controlled reactions. The replacement of the RCII-D1 protein involves the de novo synthesis of the precursor protein, pD1, and its processing at the C-terminus end by an unknown processing protease. In the frame of this work, a gene previously isolated and sequenced by Dr. Pakrasi's group has been identified as encoding the RCII-pD1 C-terminus processing protease in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The deduced sequence of the ctpA protein shows significant similarity to the bovine, human and insect interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding proteins. Results obtained using C. reinhardtii cells exposes to low light or series of single turnover light flashes have been also obtained indicating that the process of RCII-D1 protein turnover under non-photoinactivating conditions (low light) may be related to charge recombination in RCII due to back electron flow from the semiquinone QB- to the oxidised S2,3 states of the Mn cluster involved in the water oxidation process.
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TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF TMCP Q690D HIGH-STRENGTH STRUCTURAL STEEL AT STRAIN RATES FROM 0.00025 TO 760 S-1. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2022.18.1.7.

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The application of Q690D high-strength structural steel (HSSS) has been increasing in engineering structures. The lack of knowledge of the strain rate behaviour limits the application to the extreme loading conditions such as blast and impact loadings. This paper presents a series of tensile tests on the dynamic tensile behaviour of Q690D HSSS produced through the thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP). The stress-strain relationships of TMCP Q690D in the strain rate range of 0.00025 to 760 s-1 were measured by using the universal and servo-hydraulic high speed testing machines. The experimental results verified the sensitivity to strain rate of TMCP Q690D and the dynamic increase factor (DIF) for yield stress is identical to that of QT (Quenched and Tempered) S690 HSSS. However, TMCP Q690D behaves in a much different way in the strain hardening stage. The commonly-used Cowper-Symonds model was calibrated for the DIFs of yield stress and ultimate tensile strength. The Johnson-Cook (J-C) model was modified and a new rate-dependent constitutive model was proposed. The proposed model was validated successfully to predict the true stress-strain relationship, providing better prediction results than the modified J-C model.
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