Relevant bibliographies by topics / Strain nomenclature

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Academic literature on the topic 'Strain nomenclature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Strain nomenclature"

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Fauquet, C. M., R. W. Briddon, J. K. Brown, E. Moriones, J. Stanley, M. Zerbini, and X. Zhou. "Geminivirus strain demarcation and nomenclature." Archives of Virology 153, no. 4 (February 7, 2008): 783–821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-008-0037-6.

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Zheng, Du-Ping, Tamie Ando, Rebecca L. Fankhauser, R. Suzanne Beard, Roger I. Glass, and Stephan S. Monroe. "Norovirus classification and proposed strain nomenclature." Virology 346, no. 2 (March 2006): 312–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2005.11.015.

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Festing, Michael F. W., Elizabeth M. Simpson, Muriel T. Davisson, and Larry E. Mobraaten. "Revised nomenclature for strain 129 mice." Mammalian Genome 10, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359901099.

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Rülicke, Th, X. Montagutelli, B. Pintado, R. Thon, and H. J. Hedrich. "FELASA guidelines for the production and nomenclature of transgenic rodents." Laboratory Animals 41, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367707781282758.

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The standardized nomenclature of rodent strains, genes and mutations has long been the focus of careful attention. Its aim is to provide proper designation of laboratory animals used in research projects and to convey as much information on each strain as possible. Since the development of different techniques to mutate the genome of laboratory rodents on a large scale, the correct application of current nomenclature systems is of increased significance. It facilitates not only the accurate communication of scientific results but is indispensable in controlling the dramatically increased number of transgenic animal models in experimental units, archives and databases. It is regrettable that many publications, especially on transgenic rodents, use vague and inappropriate strain designation. This situation should definitely be improved, particularly considering the increasingly emphasized importance of genetic background on the phenotype of mutations. The aim of these guidelines is to raise awareness about specific features of production and of the current nomenclature system used for transgenic rodents.
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Ablashi, D., H. Agut, Z. Berneman, G. Campadelli-Fiume, D. Carrigan, L. Ceccerini-Nelli, B. Chandran, et al. "Human herpesvirus-6 strain groups: a nomenclature." Archives of Virology 129, no. 1-4 (March 1993): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01316913.

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Blake, Judith A., Richard Baldarelli, James A. Kadin, Joel E. Richardson, Cynthia L. Smith, Carol J. Bult, Anna V. Anagnostopoulos, et al. "Mouse Genome Database (MGD): Knowledgebase for mouse–human comparative biology." Nucleic Acids Research 49, no. D1 (November 24, 2020): D981—D987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa1083.

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Abstract The Mouse Genome Database (MGD; http://www.informatics.jax.org) is the community model organism knowledgebase for the laboratory mouse, a widely used animal model for comparative studies of the genetic and genomic basis for human health and disease. MGD is the authoritative source for biological reference data related to mouse genes, gene functions, phenotypes and mouse models of human disease. MGD is the primary source for official gene, allele, and mouse strain nomenclature based on the guidelines set by the International Committee on Standardized Nomenclature for Mice. MGD’s biocuration scientists curate information from the biomedical literature and from large and small datasets contributed directly by investigators. In this report we describe significant enhancements to the content and interfaces at MGD, including (i) improvements in the Multi Genome Viewer for exploring the genomes of multiple mouse strains, (ii) inclusion of many more mouse strains and new mouse strain pages with extended query options and (iii) integration of extensive data about mouse strain variants. We also describe improvements to the efficiency of literature curation processes and the implementation of an information portal focused on mouse models and genes for the study of COVID-19.
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Young, J. M., D. R. W. Watson, and D. W. Dye. "Reconsideration of Arthrobacter ilicis (Mandel et al. 1961) Collins et al. 1982 as a plant-pathogenic species. Proposal to emend the authority and description of the species. Request for an Opinion." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 303–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02929-0.

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Strains now considered to represent the type strain of Arthrobacter ilicis, described as a pathogen of American holly, are not identical. The designated type strain does not represent this pathogen. However, one of the other strains sourced to the type strain of the pathogen does appear to be authentic, but is not a member of A. ilicis. It is proposed that A. ilicis is an unrelated species, not a pathogen of American holly. The nomenclature of A. ilicis can be rectified by emending the authority and by emending the species description to recognize this species as a novel species that is not a plant pathogen. The pathogen of American holly then becomes a novel pathovar, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. ilicis. The opinion of the Judicial Commission is sought.
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Tindall, B. J. "Agrobacterium radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Conn 1942 has priority over Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend 1907) Conn 1942 when the two are treated as members of the same species based on the principle of priority and Rule 23a, Note 1 as applied to the corresponding specific epithets. Opinion 94." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64, Pt_10 (October 1, 2014): 3590–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.069203-0.

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The Judicial Commission affirms that, according to the Rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (including changes made to the wording), the combination Agrobacterium radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Conn 1942 has priority over the combination Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend 1907) Conn 1942 when the two are treated as members of the same species based on the principle of priority as applied to the corresponding specific epithets. The type species of the genus is Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend 1907) Conn 1942, even if treated as a later heterotypic synonym of Agrobacterium radiobacter (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Conn 1942. Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend 1907) Conn 1942 is typified by the strain defined on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names and by strains known to be derived from the nomenclatural type.
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Wotjak, Carsten T. "C57BLack/BOX? The importance of exact mouse strain nomenclature." Trends in Genetics 19, no. 4 (April 2003): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9525(02)00049-5.

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Lang, Elke, and Hans Reichenbach. "Designation of type strains for seven species of the order Myxococcales and proposal for neotype strains of Cystobacter ferrugineus, Cystobacter minus and Polyangium fumosum." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, Pt_11 (November 1, 2013): 4354–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.056440-0.

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Ten species of the order Myxococcales with validly published names are devoid of living type strains. Four species of the genus Chondromyces are represented by dead herbarium samples as the type material. For a species of the genus Melittangium and two species of the genus Polyangium , no physical type material was assigned at the time of validation of the names or later on. In accordance with rule 18f of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria the following type strains are designated for these species: strain Cm a14T ( = DSM 14605T = JCM 12615T) as the type strain of Chondromyces apiculatus , strain Cm c5T ( = DSM 14714T = JCM 12616T) as the type strain of Chondromyces crocatus , strain Sy t2T ( = DSM 14631T = JCM 12617T) as the type strain of Chondromyces lanuginosus , strain Cm p51T ( = DSM 14607T = JCM 12618T) as the type strain of Chondromyces pediculatus , strain Me b8T ( = DSM 14713T = JCM 12633T) as the type strain of Melittangium boletus , strain Pl s12T ( = DSM 14670T = JCM 12637T) as the type strain of Polyangium sorediatum and strain Pl sm5T ( = DSM 14734T = JCM 12638T) as the type strain of Polyangium spumosum . Furthermore, the type strains given for three species of the genera Cystobacter and Polyangium had been kept at one university institute and have been lost according to our investigations. In accordance with Rule 18c of the Bacteriological Code, we propose the following neotype strains: strain Cb fe18 ( = DSM 14716 = JCM 12624) as the neotype strain of Cystobacter ferrugineus , strain Cb m2 ( = DSM 14751 = JCM 12627) as the neotype strain of Cystobacter minus and strain Pl fu5 ( = DSM 14668 = JCM 12636) as the neotype strain of Polyangium fumosum . The proposals of the strains are based on the descriptions and strain proposals given in the respective chapters of Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (2005).
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Books on the topic "Strain nomenclature"

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Lʹvovskiĭ, A. L. Annotirovannyĭ spisok shirokokrylykh i ploskikh moleĭ (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae, Chimabachidae, Amphisbatidae, Depressariidae) fauny Rossii i sopredelʹnykh stran. Sankt-Peterburg: Rossiĭ skai͡a akademii͡a nauk [Zoologicheskiĭ institut], 2006.

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Lebedev, I. G. Znachenie i proiskhozhdenie russkikh nazvaniĭ pozvonochnykh zhivotnykh Rossii i sopredelʹnykh stran: Ryby, gady, ptit︠s︡y, zveri. Moskva: Moskovskai︠a︡ gos. akademii︠a︡ veterinarnoĭ medit︠s︡iny i biotekhnologii im. K.I. Skri︠a︡bina, 2006.

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(Editor), Mary F. Lyon, and Antony G. Searle (Editor), eds. Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse: For the International Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for Mice. Oxford University Press, USA, 1989.

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Morgan, Marina. Other bacterial diseasesStreptococcosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0023.

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Many pyogenic (β -haemolytic) streptococci of clinical significance have animal connections. In the last edition of this book two species of streptococci were considered of major zoonotic interest, namely Streptococcus suis and S. zooepidemicus. Since then, numerous sporadic zoonoses due to other streptococci have been reported, and a newly recognized fish pathogen with zoonotic potential termed S. iniae has emerged. Changes in nomenclature make the terminology confusing. For example, the organism known as S. zooepidemicus — now termed S. dysgalactiae subsp. zooepidemicus — still causes pharyngitis in humans, complicated rarely by glomerulonephritis after ingestion of unpasteurized milk. Pigs remain the primary hosts of S. suis with human disease mainly affecting those who have contact with pigs or handle pork.Once a sporadic disease, several major epidemics associated with high mortality have been reported in China. The major change in reports of zoonotic streptococcal infections has been the emergence of severe skin and soft tissue infections, and an increasing prevalence of toxic shock, especially due to S. suis (Tang et al. 2006), group C (Keiser 1992) and group G β -haemolytic streptococci (Barnham et al. 2002). Penicillin remains the mainstay of treatment for most infections, although some strains of group C and G streptococci are tolerant (minimum bactericidal concentration difficult or impossible to achieve in vivo) (Portnoy et al. 1981; Rolston and LeFrock 1984) and occasionally strains with increased minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for penicillin are reported.Agents preventing exotoxin formation, such as clindamycin and occasionally human intravenous immunoglobulin, may be used in overwhelming infection where circulating exotoxins need to be neutralized in order to damp down the massive release of cytokines generated by their production (Darenberg et al. 2003). Prevention of human disease focuses on maintaining good hygienic practice when dealing with live animals or handling raw meat or fish products, covering skin lesions, thorough cooking of meats and pasteurization of milk.
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Book chapters on the topic "Strain nomenclature"

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Al-Helal, Anwar, Yaqoub AlRefai, Abdullah AlKandari, and Mohammad Abdullah. "Subsurface Stratigraphy of Kuwait." In The Geology of Kuwait, 27–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16727-0_2.

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AbstractThis chapter reviews the subsurface stratigraphy of Kuwait targeting geosciences educators. The lithostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the reviewed formations (association of rocks whose components are paragenetically related to each other, both vertically and laterally) followed the formal stratigraphic nomenclature in Kuwait. The exposed stratigraphic formations of the Miocene–Pleistocene epochs represented by the Dibdibba, Lower Fars, and Ghar clastic sediments (Kuwait Group) were reviewed in the previous chapter as part of near-surface geology. In this chapter, the description of these formations is based mainly on their subsurface presence. The description of the subsurface stratigraphic formations in Kuwait followed published academic papers and technical reports related to Kuwait’s geology or analog (GCC countries, Iraq and Iran) either from the oil and gas industry or from different research institutions in Kuwait and abroad. It is also true that studies related to groundwater aquifer systems also contribute to our understanding of the subsurface stratigraphy of Kuwait for the shallower formations. The majority of the published data were covered the onshore section of Kuwait. The subsurface stratigraphic nomenclature description is based on thickness, depositional environment, sequence stratigraphy, the nature of the sequence boundaries, biostratigraphy, and age. The sedimentary strata reflect the depositional environment in which the rocks were formed. Understanding the characteristics of the sedimentary rocks will help understand many geologic events in the past, such as sea-level fluctuation, global climatic changes, tectonic processes, geochemical cycles, and more, depending on the research question. The succession of changing lithological sequences is controlled by three main factors; sea-level change (eustatic sea level), sediment supply, and accommodation space controlled by regional and local tectonics influences. Several authors have developed theoretical methods, established conceptual models, and produced several paleofacies maps to interpret Kuwait’s stratigraphic sequence based on the data collected over time intervals from the Late Permian to Quaternary to reconstruct the depositional history of the Arabian Plate in general and of Kuwait to understand the characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs.
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Maloy, Stanley R., and Kelly T. Hughes. "Strain Collections and Genetic Nomenclature." In Methods in Enzymology, 3–8. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(06)21001-2.

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McNeill, John, and Mary E. Barkworth. "Rules For Botanical Nomenclature." In Units, Symbols, And Terminology For Plant Physiology, 21–26. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094459.003.0002.

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Abstract The following discussion provides some recommendations for documenting the plant material used in experimental and other studies and summarizes the rules of nomenclature that have been established at botanical congresses held every five or six years for over a century (for the most recent edition of the rules, see Greuter et al., 1994). It is imperative that the plant or fungal material used in any experiment be documented. The source of the seeds, plants, or cultures used should be cited in the publication, either by indicating the supplier (e.g., commercial source, culture collection) and including any cultivar or strain identification, or else, in the case of material obtained from the wild, by a statement of the precise geographical location. In addition, in comparative studies, or in those in which the material would be difficult or impossible to replicate (e.g., plants obtained from most wild sources), representative material should be deposited in a recognized herbarium or culture collection, as appropriate. The herbarium specimens should include plants at reproductive maturity plus representative material of any other stages used in the study.
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Boy-Marcotte, Emmanuelle, and Michel Jacquet. "Sdc25p." In Guidebook to the Sinall GTPases, 187–90. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198599456.003.0055.

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Abstract This gene was originally cloned as a truncated gene by its ability to suppress the thermosensitivity of a cdc25-5 strain (Boy-Marcotte et al. 1989). It was named SCD25 for suppressor of cdc25 but, for the sake of non-redundant yeast nomenclature the name was changed to SDC25 (Damak etal. 1991). The SDC25 gene has been located on the left arm of chromosome XII at 5.5 cM from the centromere. The complete gene encodes a polypeptide of 1253 amino acids. When first cloned from the OL136 yeast strain, the 5’ part contained a deletion, derived from this strain, inactivating the gene (Damak et al. 1991). New constructions on multicopy plasmid with the wild-type gene suppress the cdc25 mutation (unpublished observations). Since truncated constructs are also able to suppress cdc25 mutations irrespective of their orientation, they are supposed to contain internal promoter elements. GenBank accession number: M26647.
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Hay, R. J., M. Miranda-Cleland, S. Durkin, M. Miranda-Cleland, and Y. A. Reid. "Cell line preservation and authentication." In Animal Cell Culture, 69–104. Oxford University PressOxford, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199637973.003.0003.

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Abstract Literally thousands of different cell lines have been derived from human and other metazoan tissues. Many of these originate from normal tissues and exhibit a definable, limited doubling potential. Other cell lines may be propagated continuously, either having gone through an engineered or spontaneous genetic change from the normal primary population. or having been developed initially from turn over our tissue. Both finite lines of sufficient doubling potential and continuous lines can be expanded to produce a large number of aliquots, frozen, and authenticated for widespread use in research. Note: use of the terms cell line and cell strain is as recommended by The Tissue Culture Association committee on nomenclature (1).
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"Nomenclature of Strains." In Biotechnology, 198–200. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-084560-6.50041-0.

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"Nomenclature of Strains." In Biotechnology, 223–25. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012084562-0/50093-x.

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"Z." In Genetic variants and strains of the Laboratory mouse, edited by Mary F. Lyon, Sohaila Rastan, and S. D. M. Brown, 850–70. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198548690.003.0028.

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Abstract peats of the finger structure frequently occur. It occurs in transcription factor genes like the Xenopus TFIIIA gene in which it was originally identified, in developmental regulatory genes such as the Krllppel gene of Drosophila, and in mammalian genes associated with tumor induction such as the human glioblastoma gene GU (1, 4). The Zfp nomenclature for zinc finger protein genes in the mouse was adopted at a meeting of members of the International Committee for Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for Mice at The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, in June, 1988 (M.F. Lyon, 1988, personal communication).
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Davisson, Muriel T. "Rules And Guidelines For Gene Nomenclature." In Genetic variants and strains of the Laboratory mouse, 1–16. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198548690.003.0001.

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Abstract Gene nomenclature guidelines are based upon the premise that the primary purpose of a gene or locus symbol is to provide a brief and universally acceptable symbol that uniquely identifies a specific gene or locus; all other purposes of a symbol are secondary and should not interfere with this primary purpose. Gene names, brief descriptive phrases that define the symbol, and gene descriptions in publications and electronic databases, should be the primary means for conveying information about the gene. Complex information about a gene or locus, such as the properties of the assay used to iden¬tify it, should be conveyed in the description accompanying the gene and not part of the unique identifying symbol.
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"Note on Nomenclature and Spelling of Place Names." In The Straits of Malacca, xxi. McGill-Queen's University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780773570870-004.

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Conference papers on the topic "Strain nomenclature"

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Gnanavel, B. K., G. Raja, and D. Chandramohan. "Effect of Interfacial Contact Forces and Lay Ratio in Cardiac Lead Outer Insulation due to Internal Cable Motion." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23091.

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Abstract Wearing cardiac lead implanted may result in various failures, including in-appropriate or missing treatments. Contacts are used on the lateral and radial link in the multi-layered (1 + 6 + 12) pacemaker lead cable. The effect of the coupling mode, however, is not the same as it does when the lateral and radial contact combine. On the transverse wire the forces and moments developed along the regular, bi-natural, and axial directions on a helical wire of the multi-faceted pacemaker cable. The equilibrium equations derived from Love’s thin rod theory (1944) shall provide geometric nomenclatures of the cabling generated by axial stress and rotational pressures from the multi-layered pacemaker lead. A steepness matrix is derived for multi-layered pacemakers leading cable elements, leading to strand strength, a twisting moment, axial strand strain and rotational strain.
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Reports on the topic "Strain nomenclature"

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Dietrich, J. R., J. Dixon, and D. H. McNeil. Sequence analysis and nomenclature of upper cretaceous to holocene strata in the Beaufort-Mackenzie Basin. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/120169.

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Kabanov, P. Devonian of the Mackenzie. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/326094.

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This paper reviews the Devonian-Lower Mississippian strata of NTS areas 106 and 96 lying within Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals (GEM) Mackenzie project area and its vicinity. These strata are usually well in excess of 1 km in non-eroded sections, cropping out extensively in the Cordillera and occurring in the subsurface of adjacent Interior Plains. Major tectonostratigraphic assemblages are the latest Silurian-Eifelian platform carbonates and evaporites, the latest Eifelian-Frasnian basinal mudrocks with isolated carbonate banks bundled in the Horn River Group (HRG), and the thick coarsening-upward siliciclastic succession of Frasnian-Tournaisian age deposited in the distal setting of the Ellesmerian foreland basin. A major total petroleum system of the HRG defines the economic prospectivity of Devonian strata. Review of the lithostratigraphic nomenclature is supplemented with highlights on HRG depositional environments, patterns of thermal maturity, disconformities, and sedimentary cycles in platform carbonates.
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Anderson, Zachary W., Greg N. McDonald, Elizabeth A. Balgord, and W. Adolph Yonkee. Interim Geologic Map of the Browns Hole Quadrangle, Weber and Cache Counties, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-760.

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The Browns Hole quadrangle is in Weber and Cache Counties of northern Utah and covers the eastern part of Ogden Valley, a rapidly developing area of the Wasatch Range. The Middle and South Forks of the Ogden River bisect the quadrangle and are important watersheds and recreational areas to the communities of Ogden Valley and the Wasatch Front. The towns of Huntsville and Eden are just west of the quadrangle, unincorporated communities with year-round residents are present throughout the quadrangle, and numerous summer-cabin communities are present in the eastern part of the quadrangle. A portion of Powder Mountain ski resort, which draws year-round visitation and recreation, is present in the northwest corner of the quadrangle. The quadrangle contains the Willard thrust, a major thrust fault with approximately 30 mi (50 km) of eastward displacement that was active during the Cretaceous-Eocene Sevier orogeny (Yonkee and others, 2019). In the quadrangle, the Willard thrust places Neoproterozoic through Ordovician strata in the hanging wall over a fault-bounded lozenge of Cambrian strata and footwall Jurassic and Triassic strata (see cross section on Plate 2). Neoproterozoic strata comprise a succession of mostly clastic rocks deposited during rifting of western North America and breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia (Yonkee and others, 2014). These rocks include the Cryogenian-age Perry Canyon and Maple Canyon Formations, and the Ediacaran-age Kelley Canyon Formation, Papoose Creek Formation, Caddy Canyon Quartzite, Inkom Formation, Mutual Formation, and Browns Hole Formation. The Browns Hole Formation is a sequence of interbedded volcaniclastic rock and basalt lava flows that provides the only radiometric age control in the quadrangle. Provow and others (2021) reported a ~610 Ma detrital apatite U-Pb age from volcaniclastic sandstone at the base of the formation, Crittenden and Wallace (1973) reported a 580 ± 14 Ma K-Ar hornblende age for a volcanic clast, and Verdel (2009) reported a 609 ± 25 Ma U-Pb apatite age for a basalt flow near the top of the formation. Cambrian strata in the hanging wall include a thick basal clastic sequence (Geertsen Canyon Quartzite) overlain by a thick sequence of interbedded limestone, shale, and dolomite (Langston, Ute, and Blacksmith Formations). Hanging wall rocks are deformed by Willard thrust-related structures, including the Browns Hole anticline, Maple Canyon thrust, and numerous smaller folds and minor faults. Footwall rocks of the Willard thrust include highly deformed Cambrian strata within a fault-bounded lozenge exposed in the southern part of the quadrangle, and Jurassic and Triassic rocks exposed just south of the quadrangle. The Paleocene-Eocene Wasatch Formation unconformably overlies older rocks and was deposited over considerable paleotopography developed during late stages of the Sevier orogeny. The southwest part of the quadrangle is cut by a southwest-dipping normal fault system that bounds the east side of Ogden Valley. This fault is interpreted to have experienced an early phase of slip during local late Eocene to Oligocene collapse of the Sevier belt and deposition of volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks (Norwood Tuff) exposed west of the quadrangle (Sorensen and Crittenden, 1979), and a younger phase of slip during Neogene Basin and Range extension (Zoback, 1983). Lacustrine deposits and shorelines of Pleistocene-age Lake Bonneville are present in the southwest corner of the quadrangle near the mouth of the South Fork of the Ogden River and record the highstand of Lake Bonneville (Oviatt, 2015). Pleistocene glacial deposits, present in the northwest corner of the map, are likely related to the Pinedale glaciation, commonly expressed by two moraine building episodes in the Wasatch Range (Quirk and others, 2020). Numerous incised alluvial deposits and geomorphic surfaces are present along major drainages and record pre- and post-Lake Bonneville aggradational and degradational alluvial and colluvial sequences. Mass-movement deposits, including historically active landslides, are present throughout the quadrangle. Crittenden (1972) mapped the Browns Hole quadrangle at 1:24,000 scale, which provided an excellent foundation for the general stratigraphy and structure, but the 1972 map lacked important details of unconsolidated surficial units. As part of 1:62,500 scale mapping of the Ogden 30'x60' quadrangle, Coogan and King (2016) updated stratigraphic nomenclature, revised some contacts, and added more details for surficial units. For this map, we utilized new techniques for data acquisition and analysis to delineate surficial deposits, bedrock contacts, and faults more accurately and precisely. Mapping and field data collection were largely done in 2021–2022 using a combination of GPS-enabled tablets equipped with georectified aerial imagery (U.S. Department of Agriculture [USDA] National Agriculture Imagery Program [NAIP], 2009), orthoimagery (Utah Geospatial Resource Center [UGRC] State Geographic Information Database, 2018b, 2018c; 2021a, 2021b), and lidar data (UGRC State Geographic Information Database, 2006; 2011; 2013–2014; 2018a), previously published geologic maps, topographic maps, and applications for digital attitude collection. We also used hand-held GPS units, Brunton compasses, and field notebooks to collect geologic data. Field data were transferred to a Geographic Information System (GIS), where the map was compiled and completed.
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Karlstrom, Karl, Laura Crossey, Allyson Matthis, and Carl Bowman. Telling time at Grand Canyon National Park: 2020 update. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285173.

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Grand Canyon National Park is all about time and timescales. Time is the currency of our daily life, of history, and of biological evolution. Grand Canyon’s beauty has inspired explorers, artists, and poets. Behind it all, Grand Canyon’s geology and sense of timelessness are among its most prominent and important resources. Grand Canyon has an exceptionally complete and well-exposed rock record of Earth’s history. It is an ideal place to gain a sense of geologic (or deep) time. A visit to the South or North rims, a hike into the canyon of any length, or a trip through the 277-mile (446-km) length of Grand Canyon are awe-inspiring experiences for many reasons, and they often motivate us to look deeper to understand how our human timescales of hundreds and thousands of years overlap with Earth’s many timescales reaching back millions and billions of years. This report summarizes how geologists tell time at Grand Canyon, and the resultant “best” numeric ages for the canyon’s strata based on recent scientific research. By best, we mean the most accurate and precise ages available, given the dating techniques used, geologic constraints, the availability of datable material, and the fossil record of Grand Canyon rock units. This paper updates a previously-published compilation of best numeric ages (Mathis and Bowman 2005a; 2005b; 2007) to incorporate recent revisions in the canyon’s stratigraphic nomenclature and additional numeric age determinations published in the scientific literature. From bottom to top, Grand Canyon’s rocks can be ordered into three “sets” (or primary packages), each with an overarching story. The Vishnu Basement Rocks were once tens of miles deep as North America’s crust formed via collisions of volcanic island chains with the pre-existing continent between 1,840 and 1,375 million years ago. The Grand Canyon Supergroup contains evidence for early single-celled life and represents basins that record the assembly and breakup of an early supercontinent between 729 and 1,255 million years ago. The Layered Paleozoic Rocks encode stories, layer by layer, of dramatic geologic changes and the evolution of animal life during the Paleozoic Era (period of ancient life) between 270 and 530 million years ago. In addition to characterizing the ages and geology of the three sets of rocks, we provide numeric ages for all the groups and formations within each set. Nine tables list the best ages along with information on each unit’s tectonic or depositional environment, and specific information explaining why revisions were made to previously published numeric ages. Photographs, line drawings, and diagrams of the different rock formations are included, as well as an extensive glossary of geologic terms to help define important scientific concepts. The three sets of rocks are separated by rock contacts called unconformities formed during long periods of erosion. This report unravels the Great Unconformity, named by John Wesley Powell 150 years ago, and shows that it is made up of several distinct erosion surfaces. The Great Nonconformity is between the Vishnu Basement Rocks and the Grand Canyon Supergroup. The Great Angular Unconformity is between the Grand Canyon Supergroup and the Layered Paleozoic Rocks. Powell’s term, the Great Unconformity, is used for contacts where the Vishnu Basement Rocks are directly overlain by the Layered Paleozoic Rocks. The time missing at these and other unconformities within the sets is also summarized in this paper—a topic that can be as interesting as the time recorded. Our goal is to provide a single up-to-date reference that summarizes the main facets of when the rocks exposed in the canyon’s walls were formed and their geologic history. This authoritative and readable summary of the age of Grand Canyon rocks will hopefully be helpful to National Park Service staff including resource managers and park interpreters at many levels of geologic understandings...
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