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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Strain gauge

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Academic literature on the topic 'Strain gauge'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Strain gauge"

1

Korshunov, V., R. Mudrik, D. Ponomarev, and A. Rodionov. "Approaches to refinement of analytical models for stress-strain state assessments of structures based on the analysis of monitoring system data." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 1, no. 395 (March 9, 2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2021-1-395-47-54.

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Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses numerical simulation possibilities in terms of stress-strain monitoring for marine engineering structures. This approach can simulate the behavior of strain gauges for both elastic and plastic material behavior. Materials and methods. FEM-based simulation of strain gauge operation process taking into account geometric and physical non-linearity. Main results. Development of refined FE models for sensor installation area of stress-strain monitoring system. Numerical simulation of uniaxial and triaxial strain gauge operation. Time histories of strain gauge readings for linear and non-linear behavior of material. Sensitivity analysis of strain gauges in terms of various strain types. Update of strain gauge arrangement for the best description of structural strains. Conclusion. These results demonstrate and confirm a strong potential of numerical models in development of stress-strain monitoring systems for engineering structures. Simulating strain gauge operation, these models make it possible to determine global strained state of given structure as per strain gauging data for some of its areas.

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Han, Ji-Hoon, Sung Joon Min, Joon Hyub Kim, and Nam Ki Min. "Reciprocating Arc Silicon Strain Gauges." Sensors 23, no. 3 (January 26, 2023): 1381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031381.

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Currently, silicon-strain-gauge-based diaphragm pressure sensors use four single-gauge chips for high-output sensitivity. However, the four-single-gauge configuration increases the number of glass frit bonds and the number of aluminum wire bonds, reducing the long-term stability, reliability, and yield of the diaphragm pressure sensor. In this study, a new design of general-purpose silicon strain gauges was developed to improve the sensor output voltage while reducing the number of bonds. The new gauges consist grid patterns with a reciprocating arc of silicon piezoresistors on a thin glass backing. The gauges make handling easier in the bonding process due to the use of thin glass for the gauge backing. The pressure sensors were tested under pressure ranging from 0 to 50 bar at five different temperatures, with a linear output with a typical sensitivity of approximately 16 mV/V/bar and an offset shift of –6 mV to 2 mV. The new approach also opens the possibility to extend arc strain gauges to half-bridge and full-bridge configurations to further reduce the number of glass frit and Al wire bonds in the diaphragm pressure sensor.

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Gallage, Chaminda, and Chamara Jayalath. "Use of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique to measure strains in geogrids." E3S Web of Conferences 92 (2019): 12007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199212007.

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Geosynthetics are widely used in Geotechnical Engineering to reinforce soil/gravel in pavements, retaining wall backfills, and embankments. It is important to measure strains in geogrids in the determination of their strength parameters such as tensile strength and secant stiffness, and in evaluating their performances in geogrid-reinforced structures. Strain gauges are commonly used in measuring strains in geogrids. However, it is important to verify the strains measured by strain gauges as these strains are affected by the data logging device, gauge factors, quality of bonding between grain gauge and geogrid, and temperature. Therefore, this study was conducted to verify the performance of strain gauges attached to Geogrids and also to investigate the possibility of using PIV technique and GeoPIV-RG software to measure the local strains developed in a geogrid specimen under tensile testing in the laboratory. In the experimental program of this study, six composite geogrid specimens were tested for tensile strength (wide-width tensile tests) while measuring/calculating its tensile strain by using strain gauges attached to the specimens, Geo-PIV-RG analysis and crosshead movements of Instron apparatus. Good agreement between the strains obtained from strain gauges and geoPIV-RG analysis was observed for all the tests conducted. These results suggest that the PIV technique along with geoPIV-RG program can effectively be used to measure the local strain of geogrids in the laboratory tests. It was also able to verify that properly installed strain gauges are able to measure strain in the geogrids which are used in the field applications.

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Bednarz, Edward, Christian Dietrich, Brad Hepner, Jay Patel, and Abas Sabouni. "Determining Magnitudes of Forces at Known Locations through a Strain Gauge Force Transducer." Sensors 23, no. 16 (August 8, 2023): 7017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23167017.

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A novel strain gauge force transducer was developed to minimize the number of strain gauges needed to determine the magnitudes of loads when the locations are known. This innovative methodology requires only one strain gauge for each force magnitude desired, reducing the complexity and cost associated with traditional approaches. The theory was verified with laboratory experiments. Seven uniaxial strain gauges were attached to the underside of a simply supported, slender, aluminum beam. One or more loads were applied either directly atop strain gauges or in known positions between strain gauges. Experiments were conducted on several different single and double-load configurations to evaluate the extent of the new methodology which yielded average errors under 5% for the cases where loads were direct atop strain gauges and 6.6% for the cases where the loads were between strain gauges. These findings indicate the potential of this novel strain gauge force transducer to revolutionize load measurement in scenarios where load locations are predetermined.

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Zhao, Yinming, Zhigang Wang, Siyang Tan, Yang Liu, Si Chen, Yongqian Li, and Qun Hao. "Dependance of Gauge Factor on Micro-Morphology of Sensitive Grids in Resistive Strain Gauges." Micromachines 13, no. 2 (February 10, 2022): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020280.

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The effect of micro-morphology of resistive strain gauges on gauge factor was investigated numerically and experimentally. Based on the observed dimensional parameters of various commercial resistive strain gauges, a modeling method had been proposed to reconstruct the rough sidewall on the sensitive grids. Both the amplitude and period of sidewall profiles are normalized by the sensitive grid width. The relative resistance change of the strain gauge model with varying sidewall profiles was calculated. The results indicate that the micro-morphology on the sidewall profile led to the deviation of the relative resistance change and the decrease in gauge factor. To verify these conclusions, two groups of the strain gauge samples with different qualities of sidewall profiles have been manufactured, and both their relative resistance changes and gauge factors were measured by a testing apparatus for strain gauge parameters. It turned out that the experimental results are also consistent with the simulations. Under the loading strain within 1000 μm/m, the average gauge factors of these two groups of samples are 2.126 and 2.106, respectively, the samples with rougher profiles have lower values in gauge factors. The reduction in the gauge factor decreases the sensitivity by 2.0%. Our work shows that the sidewall micro-morphology on sensitive grids plays a role in the change of the gauge factor. The observed phenomena help derive correction methods for strain gauge measurements and predict the measurement errors coming from the local and global reinforcement effects.

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Azuma, Toyohiro, Eiji Niwa, Yu Xin Peng, Junji Kaneko, Yuki Shimizu, So Ito, and Wei Gao. "Cr-N Strain-Gauge-Type Precision Displacement Sensor for Measuring Positions of Micro Stage." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 939–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.939.

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A strain-gauge-type precision displacement sensor, which is developed for a usage of micro-XY stage, is described in this paper. A thin-film strain-gauge element, which is made by Cr-N alloy, is directly fabricated on the base of the strain gauge. The direct fabrication and using the Cr-N element are expected to achieve higher sensitivity for displacement detection and better stability against the change of ambient temperature. In this study, several designs of the thin-film strain gauge, including both of two-gauge-type and four-gauge-type, are prepared to compare sensor performances such as sensitivity, stability and so on. The designed patterns of the strain-gauge element are directly fabricated on zirconia plates by using photolithography processes. The fabricated strain gauges are then evaluated as precision displacement sensors. At first, stability of the fabricated Cr-N strain-gauge-type displacement sensor was confirmed by comparing with the one made by a conventional strain gauge. Resolution of the fabricated Cr-N strain-gauge-type displacement sensors was then evaluated by comparing with a commercially-available laser displacement sensor, while giving sub-micrometer-order deformation to the strain-gauge-type displacement sensor. Details of the design, fabrication and evaluation results of the Cr-N strain-gauge-type displacement sensor are described.

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Cristofolini, L., B. P. McNamara, A. Freddi, and M. Viceconti. "In vitro measured strains in the loaded femur: Quantification of experimental error." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 32, no. 3 (April 1, 1997): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0309324971513337.

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The application of strain gauges to bone surfaces has been extensively employed as a method of determining, strain fields in response to implanted devices in orthopaedics. The aim of this study was to determine some of the experimental errors associated with the use of strain gauges in in vitro experimental investigations of the loaded femur. An experimental protocol was devised to obtain strain data at 20 strain gauged locations on the proximal femur. These data were interpolated using a parametric model. The parametric model was then used to estimate the errors associated with mispositioning of the gauges and deviations in their direction of application to the bone. This sensitivity analysis was also supported by a finite element analysis for the purposes of comparison and cross-validation. The results indicated that the nature of the loading normally employed in the literature can contribute to making the readings for some of the gauges (anterior and posterior) unreliable and redundant, even for small positioning errors. The greatest predicted errors for the lateral and medial gauges were due to misalignment of the gauge as opposed to mispositioning. The size of the gauge had a negligible effect on the errors predicted relative to those caused by misalignment.

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Kang, Hyunkyoo, Seokjin Kim, Jaehak Shin, and Sunglim Ko. "Inkjet-Printed Flexible Strain-Gauge Sensor on Polymer Substrate: Topographical Analysis of Sensitivity." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 21, 2022): 3193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12063193.

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Inkjet-printed strain gauges on flexible substrates have recently been investigated for biomedical motion detection as well as the monitoring of structural deformation. This study performed a topographical analysis of an inkjet-printed strain gauge constructed using silver conductive ink on a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrate. Serpentine strain-gauge sensors of various thicknesses and widths were fabricated using inkjet printing and oven sintering. The fabricated gauge sensors were attached to curved surfaces, and gauge factors ranging from 2.047 to 3.098 were recorded. We found that the cross-sectional area of the printed strain gauge was proportional to the gauge factor. The correlation was mathematically modelled as y = 0.4167ln(x) + 1.3837, for which the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.8383.

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Alci, Muhsin, and Recep Gunes. "A comparison study on experimental characterization of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites using strain-gauges and virtual extensometers." Materials Testing 65, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 174–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0274.

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Abstract The aim of this study is to characterize E-glass/epoxy unidirectional fiber reinforced composites using the digital image correlation method with virtual extensometer, which is a less laborious method than strain gauges, compare the results and investigate whether virtual extensometers can be used instead of strain gauges. Measurements in tensile and Iosipescu shear tests were made with both strain gauge and virtual extensometer. Unlike full-field strain measurements in literature, the strains were measured using virtual extensometers. Tensile test and in-plane shear test results gave very consistent results. The differences between the strain gauge and the virtual extensometer for the tensile and in-plane shear tests were less than 3% in the linear region. However, the out-of-plane shear test showed a larger difference of 8.6%. This study showed that the 2D digital image correlation method with virtual extensometers is highly sufficient to find the elasticity moduli and shear moduli in tensile and shear tests in the linear region. In addition, after the damage has started, more measurement data can be obtained with virtual extensometers than with strain gauges.

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., Koswara, and Syaiful Arif. "UJI KELURUSAN MESIN RESONANCE 63 KN DENGAN COUPON TEST PESAWAT N219 MENGGUNAKAN STRAIN GAUGE." SAINSTECH: JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN PENGKAJIAN SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI 32, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37277/stch.v32i1.1256.

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ABSTRACT ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the capacity of the resonance machine capacity 63 kn which has the influence of strain in analyzing the static loading stress on the coupon test. The study used a coupon test specimen with a predetermined dimension, using eight strain gauges in a vertical direction, where the response of the strain gauge system was fast enough to sense dynamic strain with a frequency greater than 100 kHz. The strain gauge used was a strain gauge for gauge bridges where the application is easy. The results obtained show that there is no strain and stress on specimens that point to numbers below -100 to 100, but this number is considered good because it does not exceed the number specified in the tolerance category the third step measurement results are used for knowing the ability to reset, relative error and machine linearity and the expected deviation value is not more than 1%. Keywords: resonance machine, coupon test, strain gauge, specimen

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Strain gauge"

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Huang, Jun Fei. "Stress-strain models for light-gauge carbon steels." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2586269.

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Tuncay, Orbay. "Wireless Strain Gauge System in a Multipath Environment." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1222089977.

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Welham, Christopher J. "A silicon micromachined lateral resonant strain gauge pressure sensor." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389458.

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Suslov, E., O. Nozhenko, and A. Mostovych. "Strain gauge measurement data analyzing for flat wheel detection." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/32947.

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Khanniche, Rachid. "Characterisation of an optical strain gauge for pantograph applications." Thesis, Swansea University, 2002. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42266.

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An optical strain gauge is developed and characterised for an active pantograph for high-speed electrical trains applications. The pantograph is subjected to a continuous impact forces when it makes contact with the 25 kV overhead AC line. The carbon based pantograph head is susceptible to crack damage due to these impacts An optical strain gauge based on the photo-elastic effect has been developed to monitor on line the contact force applied to the pantograph. The sensing system exploits the concept of chromatic modulation that can be produced by spectral changes induced by a controlled birefringence. Moreover the chromatic sensing technique is independent of the light intensity and provides total electrical isolation. The developed optical strain gauge was assessed to evaluate its performance and to find the range of operation. Static, hysterisis, repeatability and dynamic tests were carried out and the results compared to the theory when applicable. In the static test, it was found that the force against dominant wavelength was linear in the range of 0 to 80 N and became progressively non-linear for forces above 80 N, this is in a good agreement with the theory. These tests were carried out several times over a long period of time, and the results showed a good repeatability, although an acceptable degree of hysterisis was noted. Finally the resistance of the optical strain gauge was tested against dynamically varying loads and found that it exhibited a good resistance. These tests proved the suitability of this proposed optical strain gauge for the development of an active pantograph for high-speed electrical trains applications.

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Creasey, Christopher David. "The development of a hand-held optical diffraction strain gauge." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27041.

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The measurement of strain is critical in many engineering design, test, and health monitoring procedures. Despite the promise of non-contacting and remote strain measurement, optical techniques have not been widely adopted by industry; the preference being the use of electrical resistance strain gauges. This is due to the perceived and real complexities of many optical techniques.

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Erm, Lincoln P. Ferrarotto Phil. "Development of a five-component strain-gauge balance for the DSTO water tunnel." Fishermans Bend, Vic. : Defence Science and Technology Organisation Air Vehicles Division, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1947/10033.

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Mode of access: Internet via World Wide Web. Available at http://hdl.handle.net/1947/10033.
"November 2009". Available on the DSTO website as at DSTO at :http://dspace.dsto.defence.gov.au/dspace/bitstream/1947/10033/1/DSTO-GD-0597%20PR.pdf

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Li, Sihao. "Effect of aeroelasticity in tow tank strain gauge measurements on a NACA 0015 airfoil." Ohio : Ohio University, 1993. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1175713922.

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Russell, Scott A. "Strain gauge measurements of blade resonance using eddy current excitation in a vacuum spin pit." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FRussell.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Aeronautical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.
Thesis advisor(s): Raymond P. Shreeve, Garth V. Hobson. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93). Also available online.

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Remington, Taylor David. "Biomechanical Applications and Modeling of Quantum Nano-Composite Strain Gauges." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4407.

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Biological tissues routinely experience large strains and undergo large deformations during normal physiologic activity. Biological tissue deformation is well beyond the range of standard strain gauges, and hence must often be captured using expensive and non-portable options such as optical marker tracking methods that may rely upon significant post-processing. This study develops portable gauges that operate in real time and are compatible with the large strains seen by biological materials. The new gauges are based on a relatively new technique for quantifying large strain in real-time (up to 40 %) by use of a piezoresistive nano-composite strain gauge. The nano-composite strain gauges (NCSGs) are manufactured by suspending nickel nanostrands within a biocompatible silicone matrix. The conductive nickel filaments come into progressively stronger electrical contact with each other as the NCSG is strained, thus reducing the electrical resistance that is then measured using a four-probe method. This thesis summarizes progress in the understanding, design and application of NCSGs for biomechanical applications. The advanced understanding arises from a nano-junction-level finite element analysis of gap evolution that models how the geometry varies with strain in the critical regions between nickel particles. Future work will incorporate this new analysis into global models of the overall piezoresistive phenomenon. The improvements in design focused on the manufacturing route to obtain a reliable thin and flexible gauge, along with a modified connection and data extraction system to reduce drift issues that were present in all previous tests. Furthermore, a pottable data logging system was developed for mobile applications. Finally, a method of analyzing the resultant data was formulated, based upon cross-correlation techniques, in order to distinguish between characteristic wave-forms for distinct physical activities. All of these improvements were successfully demonstrated via a gait-tracking system applied to the insole of standard running shoes.

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Books on the topic "Strain gauge"

1

L, Window A., ed. Strain gauge technology. 2nd ed. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1992.

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E, Reed S., Hannah R. L, and Society for Experimental Mechanics, eds. Strain gauge users' handbook. London: Chapman & Hall, 1992.

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3

Valis, Tomas. Fiber optic Fabry-Perot strain gauge. [S.l.]: [s.n.], 1990.

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Harvey, J. F. A microprocessor controlled strain gauge calibration module. Melbourne, Victoria: Aeronautical Research Laboratory, 1989.

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5

S, Tripp John, Tcheng Ping, and Langley Research Center, eds. First International Symposium on Strain Gauge Balances. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1999.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Two-dimensional surface strain measurement based on a variation of Yamaguchi's laser-speckle strain gauge. [Washington, D.C.]: NASA, 1990.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Two-dimensional surface strain measurement based on a variation of Yamaguchi's laser-speckle strain gauge. [Washington, D.C.]: NASA, 1990.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Two-dimensional surface strain measurement based on a variation of Yamaguchi's laser-speckle strain gauge. [Washington, D.C.]: NASA, 1990.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Two-dimensional surface strain measurement based on a variation of Yamaguchi's laser-speckle strain gauge. [Washington, D.C.]: NASA, 1990.

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Pollock, N. An improved strain gauge transducer amplifier for wind tunnel use. Melbourne, Australia: Aeronautical Research Laboratories, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Strain gauge"

1

Gooch, Jan W. "Strain Gauge." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 703. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_11259.

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Peter, Helga. "Strain gauge." In Springer Reference Medizin, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54672-3_918-1.

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Little, E. G. "Strain gauge measurement." In Strain Measurement in Biomechanics, 39–57. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2330-3_3.

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Sujatha, C. "Strain Gauge-Based Equipment." In Vibration, Acoustics and Strain Measurement, 305–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03968-3_7.

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Gupta, S. V. "Strain Gauge Load Cells." In Mass Metrology, 89–119. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23412-5_5.

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Gupta, S. V. "Strain Gauge Load Cells." In Mass Metrology, 97–127. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12465-6_5.

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Schajer, Gary S., and Philip S. Whitehead. "Strain Gauge Technique: Method Description." In Hole-Drilling Method for Measuring Residual Stresses, 69–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79713-2_4.

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dos Santos, Elton Fernandes, Vlademir de Jesus Silva Oliveira, Wagner de Almeida Ferreira, and Julio César Beltrame Benatti. "Applied Instrumentation: Strain Measurements Using Arduino and Strain Gauge." In Proceedings of the 3rd Brazilian Technology Symposium, 213–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93112-8_22.

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Masear, V. R. "Strain Gauge Measurement in Carpal Bone." In Biomechanics of the Wrist Joint, 127–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3208-7_7.

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Hiles, Steve, Chuck Wilkerson, J. Richard Houghton, and Dale A. Wilson. "Serpentine Optical Fiber Strain Gauge Evaluation." In Applications of Fiber Optic Sensors in Engineering Mechanics, 100–118. New York, NY: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780872628953.ch07.

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Conference papers on the topic "Strain gauge"

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Sirohi, Rajpal S., Fook S. Chau, Siew-Lok Toh, and Elgin T. Quek. "Optical strain gauge." In International Conference on Applied Optical Metrology, edited by Pramod K. Rastogi and Ferenc Gyimesi. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.323334.

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Mignolet, Marc P., and Byeong-Keun Choi. "Robust Optimal Positioning of Strain Gauges on Blades." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30454.

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This paper focuses on the formulation and validation of an automatic strategy for the selection of the locations and directions of strain gauges to capture at best the modal response of a blade in a series of modes. These locations and directions are selected to render the strain measurements as robust as possible with respect to random mispositioning of the gauges and gauge failures. The approach relies on the evaluation of the signal-to-noise ratios of the gauge measurements from finite element strain data and includes the effects of gauge size. A genetic algorithm is used to find the strain gauge locations-directions that lead to the largest possible value of the smallest modal strain signal-to-noise ratio, in the absence of gauge failure, or of its expected value when gauge failure is possible. A fan blade is used to exemplify the applicability of the proposed methodology and to demonstrate the effects of the essential parameters of the problem, i.e. the mispositioning level, the probability of gauge failure, and the number of gauges.

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Szwedowicz, J., S. M. Senn, and R. S. Abhari. "Optimum Strain Gauge Application to Bladed Assemblies." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30306.

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Optimum placements of the strain gauges assure reliable vibration measurements of structural components such as rotating blades. Within the framework of cyclic vibration theory, a novel approach has been developed for computation of the optimum gauge positions on tuned bladed discs regarding the determined sensitivity, orthogonality, gradient and distance criteria. The utilized genetic algorithm optimization tool allows for an effective numerical search of suitable solutions of the defined optimization function. A rotating impeller disc represented by a cyclic finite element model demonstrates the application of this method. The present technique can be easily applied to other structural components requiring optimal strain gauge instrumentation.

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Li, Jinggao, Jon P. Longtin, Szymon Tankiewicz, Andrew Gouldstone, and Sanjay Sampath. "Characterization of Interdigital Capacitive Strain Gauges by Direct Write Technology." In ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72769.

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Interdigitated capacitive strain gauges have several distinct advantages over resistive-based strain gauges, particularly for applications in harsh environments, such as high-temperature environments. In this work capacitive strain gauges have been fabricated using thermal spray technology. Gauges are fabricated using both a direct-write approach where the gauge is fabricated using a computer-controlled deposition system and by ultrafast laser micromachining in which blanket coatings sprayed onto a substrate are subsequently laser micrornachined. Silver coatings were sprayed onto plastic, polymer, composites, fiberglass and alumina to form the strain gauges. An ultrafast laser machining technique was used to fabricate capacitive strain gauges on copper coated printed circuit boards as well as NiCr coatings on alumina substrate. The typical capacitance of strain gauge was in the range of 5∼25 pF. Mechanical tests included gauge factor, linearity and zero shift. Temperature-based measurements include the temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC) measurements and thermal cycling tests. The devices show promise for use in wireless strain monitoring applications.

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Batchelder, David N., and Costas Galiotis. "The Raman Optomechanical Strain Gauge." In Stress and Vibration: Recent Developments in Measurement and Analysis, edited by Peter Stanley. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.952903.

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Xu, Zhaowen, Zhigang Wu, Weiqing Gao, Shuzhong Yuan, and Xiaoyi Dong. "Novel twisted fiber strain gauge." In Photonics Asia 2002, edited by Yun-Jiang Rao, Julian D. C. Jones, Hiroshi Naruse, and Robert I. Chen. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.482012.

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Yamaguchi, Ichirou, Takeo Furukawa, Toshitsugu Ueda, and Eiji Ogita. "Accelerated Laser-Speckle Strain Gauge." In 29th Annual Technical Symposium, edited by Henri H. Arsenault. SPIE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.949532.

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Sulwinski, Rafal, and Rusty Johnston. "Methodology for Validation of Finite Element Analysis Utilizing Strain Gauge Measurements." In ASME 2023 Verification, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvuq2023-108749.

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Abstract As analysis utilizing Finite Element Method (FEM) has become widely adopted in engineering practices and incorporated into governing standards, physical validation of these analyses is often forgone. Physical validation gives insight into the validity of assumptions and simplifications commonly used to efficiently process FEM simulations. This paper proposes that one reason physical validation is commonly forgone is a lack of knowledge of a general end to end methodology for the physical measurement, processing, and comparison of data. This paper presents such a methodology for the comparison of structural mechanical finite element analysis against strain gauge measurements utilizing the test case of a pressure vessel. Rectangular, three-axis, 45° strain gauge rosettes have been used to obtain normal strain inputs. The limitations and pitfalls of employing strain gauges with less than three measuring directions are briefly discussed. A procedure is provided for converting the three measured normal strains into three principal strains, von Mises equivalent strain and maximum shear strain. The principal directions, as well as an algorithm needed to resolve the ambiguity of the angle between the principal directions and gauge axes, are provided as well. Then, the strains are converted into principal stresses, von Mises equivalent stress and maximum shear stress. The post-processed strain gauge readings are visualized by employing 3D Mohr’s Circle for stress and strain. The visualization provides clear proof that the maximum shear lies on a plane different from the one on which the gauge has been attached. Using the described methodology, comparison shows that the difference between the FEA results and the post-processed strain gauge readings is less than 5%. The magnitudes of principal stresses and strains, the equivalent stress and strain, as well as the maximum shear stress and strain are compared. Besides the magnitudes of stresses and strains, the principal directions are compared and scrutinized, revealing the corroboration between the FEA and the physical measurements. This corroboration gives validity to both the methodology and assumptions, such as plane stress, used.

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Takahama, Tsunemichi. "A Method for Measuring Combined Stress of Small Bore Piping Around Weld in Field Using Strain Gauge Holder." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21426.

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Abstract This paper proposes using the strain gauge holder which has 12 elements of strain gauge in order to measure the 2 directional bending stresses and the torsional stress synchronously around the weld in small bore piping. The paper also provides the actual measured dynamic stresses around the welds in real fields including combined stress by the strain gauge holder. The measured stresses are shown on a time axis, on a frequency axis, on an X-Y display like Lissajous figure, and on an X-Y-Z 3D display. It was confirmed that the strain gauge holder was able to be installed within 20 minutes, to be used on 180°C piping, and to be reused in real fields because it was not necessary to adhere the strain gauges on the piping. The measured strains obtained by using the strain gauge holder can provide useful information of the piping system to decide whether the reinforcements are necessary, to enhance the accuracy of the design and calculation, and to improve the validity of fatigue evaluation. It is planned in future to develop a methodology of fatigue evaluation based on the measured stresses obtained by using the strain gauge holder.

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Takahama, Tsunemichi, Kazuma Nishimura, Seiichiro Ninomiya, Yoshihiro Matsumoto, and Yutaka Harada. "Development of a Quick and Easy-to-Install Strain Measurement Tool for Both Bending and Torsional Piping Stress Assessment." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63144.

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To assess the stresses on small-bore piping, we have developed a new tool that can be easily installed on a piping surface without adhesive bonding and that measures strains on piping quickly and accurately. This tool, which we call a “strain gauge holder,” is patented in Japan. As the tool can contain four strain gauge rosettes, with each rosette comprising three elements, the longitudinal strains and sheer strains can be measured synchronously at any four points precisely 90 degrees apart, with one point in each quadrant. By mockup testing, we confirmed that the measured bending and torsional strains by the holder were almost equivalent to the measured strains by the bonded gauges with adhesive, and that the holder made it possible to synchronously measure all of the strains resulting from the moment of force acting in three axes on the piping by measuring the bending and torsional strains in each quadrant. The strain gauge holder is expected to significantly reduce the pre- and post-working time required for strain measurement and stress assessment of piping in real plants.

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Reports on the topic "Strain gauge"

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Kercel, S. W. OTDR strain gauge for smart skins. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10185096.

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Stimson, M. G., and J. G. Sparrow. Evaluation of a Hand-Held Frictional Strain Gauge. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198125.

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Yee, Kenneth W. Automation of strain-gauge load-cell force calibration. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.4823.

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Turner, Daniel Z. An Overview of the Virtual Strain Gauge Formulation in DICe. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1528762.

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Moss, Eric. Strain Gauge Diagnostic Development for use in Vessel Health Monitoring for Hydro-shots. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1856127.

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Wands, R., K. Weber, and J. Zurawski. Summary of ANSYS and Strain Gauge Results for the EC Calorimeter OH and MH Modules. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1030722.

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Phero, Timothy, and Michael McMurtrey. Strain gauge for testing microreactor hexagonal core blocks in the Single Primary Heat Extraction and Removal Emulator. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1887093.

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Holden, T., J. Root, and R. Hosbons. CWI1988-Andi-12 Neutron Diffraction of Axial Residual Strains in the Vicinity of a Girth Weld. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011390.

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Recent research has shown that neutron diffraction is a practical non-destructive method for determining residual strains in the vicinity of a girth weld in line pipe. The basis of the technique is that the distance between planes of atoms is used as a miniature, directional, internal strain gauge, just as for X-ray measurements. However, the penetration of neutrons into metals ls from 1000 to 10,000 times greater than that of X-rays, so that measurements may easily be made throughout the thickness of steel pipe including the region of the weld itself. The purpose of the present measurements was to characterize the axial residual strains remaining in linepipe after two pieces had been joined with a girth weld. This report summarizes the measurements of the axial residual strains in each of two pipes of thickness 11 and 16 mm at the 6:00, 1:30 and 10:00 positions.

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Bala. L51600 Engineering Critical Assessment of Girth Welds in Small Diameter Pipe. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), June 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010101.

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Transmission pipeline girth welds are fabricated and inspected to rigorous material standards such as API 1104, CSA Z 184 and BSI 4515. These standards contain weld defect acceptance levels based on good workmanship criteria and have been arrived at on the basis of traditional welding and inspection practices. In certain instances, defects that do not meet the workmanship standards have been accepted on the basis of an engineering critical assessment (ECA) using the British Standard PD 6493 assessment technique. The use of ECA is now being incorporated into the pipeline codes. Four girth welds containing hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) defects at the root were prepared in small diameter (305 mm) thin wall (6.35 mm) X52 pipes using E6010 (E41010) electrodes for the root and hot passes and E7010 (E48010) electrodes for the fill and capping passes. The CTOD tests were performed for the girth welds using each of HIC as well as fatigue pre-crack for the crack. The minimum, the average and an intermediate (between minimum and average) CTOD value at -40C obtained for the specimens containing HIC were used to determine the surface crack sizes for the girth weld roots from BS PD6493. The girth weld containing the 1/4 thickness HIC was full scale tested at -40C. The test was terminated when the remote strain gauges showed plastic deformation/ buckling in the pipe. The second and third full- scale girth weld tests were carried out with the half wall and an intermediate (between 1/4 and 1/2 wall) wall defect. In both cases the girth failed when the remote strain gauge readings in the pipe were still elastic.

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Leveque, E., M. Zarea, R. Batisse, and P. Roovers. IPC-BST-R01 Burst Strength of Gouges in Low Toughness Gas Transmission Pipes. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011781.

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EPRG research aimed at establishing a limit on the toughness value that separates toughness-dependent from toughness-independent failure behavior. More specifically, one objective is to evaluate the toughness-dependent Battelle formula for burst resistance of gouges for (very) low toughness values. This mainly experimental project checks this behavior on several gas transmission pipes, a small diameter one, 150 mm, a medium diameter one, 350 mm, and a large diameter one, 900 mm. Pipe material is carefully characterized in terms of tensile properties, Charpy energy, and shear area. Then, based on the toughness independent criterion, a set of gouges is defined, of different depths/lengths, so as to span the different regions of the criterion, covering both short and long defects. These defects are manufactured by spark erosion, resulting in thin slits. Each such slit is incorporated into a vessel that is submitted to a burst test, with a number of additional measurements, like strain gauges on the pipe surface, a clip gauge et the center of the defect. For the small and medium sized pipes, temperature is also controlled during the test, to ensure it is as low as practically feasible, without heavy infrastructure. The results are interpreted both in terms of comparison with the criteria, and also in terms of analysis of the failure surface, to identify failure mechanisms.

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