Journal articles: 'Strain gages'

1

FOSS, SUSAN K. "Bendable Strain Gages?" Experimental Techniques 7, no. 11 (January 28, 2008): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1983.tb01696.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Glisson, Richard R., Douglas S. Musgrave, Robert D. Graham, and Thomas P. Vail. "Validity of Photoelastic Strain Measurement on Cadaveric Proximal Femora." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 122, no. 4 (March 22, 2000): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1287162.

Full text

Abstract:

Rosette strain gages indicate shear and principal strains at specific points, whereas photoelastic coatings provide shear strain information over a broad area. Information regarding bone loading and load transfer from a prosthetic implant to adjacent bone can be obtained using either strain-measuring technique on loaded femora. This study compared proximal femoral strains derived from photoelastic coatings to those obtained from rosette strain gages applied directly to the bone in order to determine the relationships between photoelastic shear strains and rosette shear and principal strains. Photoelastic shear strains underestimated rosette shear strains and exceeded the larger of the rosette principal strains. Principal strains derived from photoelastic coatings augmented with strain separator gages underestimated their rosette counterparts in most instances. Correlation was strong and nearly linear for all measures, indicating that photoelastic coatings can accurately express proportional strain changes despite imperfect agreement in absolute strain magnitudes. The best agreement between absolute strain magnitudes occurred in the proximal medial, or calcar, region. Understanding the relationships between the various measures obtained using the two strain measurement methods will allow more accurate estimates of actual strains to be made from photoelastic coatings. [S0148-0731(00)01704-0]

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Lee, C. ‐K, and T. C. O’Sullivan. "Piezoelectric strain rate gages." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, no. 2 (August 1991): 945–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.401961.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Hannah, R. L., and R. T. Reese. "STRAIN GAGES - OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS." Experimental Techniques 17, no. 6 (November 1993): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1993.tb00788.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Gipple, K. L., and D. Hoyns. "Measurement of the Out-of-Plane Shear Response of Thick Section Composite Materials Using the V-Notched Beam Specimen." Journal of Composite Materials 28, no. 6 (April 1994): 543–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002199839402800604.

Full text

Abstract:

The out-of-plane shear response of thick, unidirectional and crossply, AS4/3501-6 and S2 glass/3501-6 laminates was investigated theoretically and experimentally using V-notched beam (Iosipescu) specimens. Strains were monitored in the specimen test sections using conventional strain gages, moiré interferometry and full section strain gages. Crossply laminates exhibited a fairly uniform strain distribution away from the notches, while the unidirectional specimens were characterized by a nonuniform distribution. Measured strains correlated very well with predicted strains from specimen finite element analyses using nonlinear elastic material properties.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Shull, L. C., and C. P. Wright. "STRAIN GAGES FOR EXTREME TEMPERATURES." Experimental Techniques 26, no. 1 (January 2002): 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.2002.tb00056.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Sharpe, W. N., and K. C. Wang. "Small attachable interferometric strain gages." Experimental Mechanics 28, no. 2 (June 1988): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02317563.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Li, Xiao Jun, Wen Ming Zhu, Yu Guo Wang, and Yu Zhang. "The Characteristics of Low Frequency on Detecting Method via Strain Gages." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 1161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.1161.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to find out the feasibility to obtain dynamics peculiarity in high frequency domain, the dynamic peculiarity on detecting method with strain gages is researched. By modeling and analyzing qualitatively, the characteristics of low frequency are indicated for strain gages sensor system. Comparing with the test signal difference between vibration acceleration sensor and strain gages sensor system at the three domain which are time, amplitude and frequency, the characteristics of low frequency are proved for the one. Therefore while detecting the high frequency dynamic signal with strain gages sensor system, the high frequency information is attenuated, the mostly spectrum information is lost.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Druzhinin, A., O. Kutrakov, I. Ostrovskii, N. Liakh-Kaguy, and D. Chemerys. "Strain gages based on gallium arsenide whiskers." Information and communication technologies, electronic engineering 1, no. 1 (July 2021): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ictee2021.01.128.

Full text

Abstract:

Strain-resistant properties of GaAs whiskers and ribbons of p- and n-type conductivity with various length (0.3–7 mm) and diameter (10–40 μm) have been investigated in a wide range of temperatures. Strain gages based on heavily doped p-type conductivity GaAs whiskers have linear deformation characteristics and a weak temperature dependence of strain sensitivity in the temperature range from –20 to +3500 °C. The temperature coefficient of resistance (TСR) of not fixed strain gages is about +(0.12–0.16)% × grad–1. The temperature coefficient of strain sensitivity is –0.03 % × deg–1 in the temperature range –120+800 °C. Strain gages based on n-type GaAs ribbons are characterized by high flexibility and high strain sensitivity. They are capable up to +4000 °C and can be used to measure deformations on curved surfaces at high temperatures. TСR of not fixed strain gages is –0.01 +0.03 % × grad–1. The temperature coefficient of strain sensitivity is –0.16% × deg–1 in the temperature range –120 ... +4000 °С.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

von der Heide, Chresten, Maria Grein, and Andreas Dietzel. "Femtosecond laser-contoured micro-strain gages." Microelectronic Engineering 214 (June 2019): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2019.05.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Cappa, P., G. De Rita, K. G. McConnell, and L. W. Zachary. "Using strain gages to measure both strain and temperature." Experimental Mechanics 32, no. 3 (September 1992): 230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02319360.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Ajovalasit, A. "The Measurement of Large Strains Using Electrical Resistance Strain Gages." Experimental Techniques 36, no. 3 (June 6, 2011): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.2011.00761.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Karfakis, M. G. "Friction Gages for In-Situ Rock-Mass Deformability and Stress Measurements." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 112, no. 1 (March 1, 1990): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905714.

Full text

Abstract:

The in-situ deformability of rocks and the state-of-stress must be known for the analysis and design of surface and underground structures. This paper presents a method for determining the in-situ deformability of rock-masses using friction gages. Friction gages utilize the friction between the gage and the rock surface for detecting the strain changes. The method involves impressing friction gages on two opposite quadrants of the borehole wall, then radially loading the other two quadrants over 45-deg contact with a self-equilibrating pair of forces of sufficient magnitude to initiate and propagate tensile fractures. While loading, the friction gages detect the tangential strains on the borehole wall before, during and after fracturing of the rock. From the linear portion of the tangential stress-strain data, the elastic properties of the rock can be determined using the appropriate relationships. Furthermore, from the failure and post-failure portions of the tangential stress-strain data the tensile strength of the rock-mass and the in-situ state-of-stress can also be estimated. The theoretical basis of the method, and the fabrication, calibration and testing of the friction gage system, are described. Furthermore, practical field applications of the method are given.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Ignatik, А. А. "Application of Vibrating Wire Strain Gages for Evaluating Main Pipeline Stress-Strain State." Oil and Gas Technologies 137, no. 6 (2021): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/1815-2600-2021-137-6-57-61.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of anti-turbulent and depressant additives makes it possible to increase the efficiency of oil pipelines trThis article considers the physical basis of the vibrating wire method of monitoring the stress-strain state of the pipe walls. A laboratory experiment performed on a stand for measuring pipe strains during its bending by vibrating wire strain gages is described. The values of longitudinal strains obtained by vibrating wire and electrical strain gage methods are compared. The geometric task of determining the deflection of the strain gage wire when it is installed in the circumferential direction on pipelines of different diameters is solved in order to assess the reliability of the strain gage readings. The main points of the methodology for evaluating the stress-strain state of main pipelines by the vibrating wire method are considered and the classification of pipeline section functional state is proposed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Zlebic, Cedo, Ljiljana Zivanov, Aleksandar Menicanin, Nelu Blaz, and Mirjana Damnjanovic. "Inkjet printed resistive strain gages on flexible substrates." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 29, no. 1 (2016): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1601089z.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, resistive strain gages designed and fabricated in inkjet printing technology with three different silver nanoparticle inks are presented. Inks have different Ag content (15, 20 or 25 wt%) and solvents (water type or organic type). Strain gages were printed on a 50 ?m thick polyimide and 140 ?m thick PET-based substrate with different printer types (professional and desktop). All printed sensors have the same size (17 mm ? 5 mm). To determine the change of resistance due to bending of the steel beam, tensile tests were performed up to 1500 microstrains. Due to performed cycles of loading and unloading of the steel beam, gauge factor and stability of the response of the strain gages are measured. Resistance change was measured with Keithley SourceMeter 2410. For acquisition of measured data, in-house software tool was developed. Measured gauge factors of the sensors are in the range between 1.07 and 2.03 (depending on a used ink, substrate and printer). Results of this research indicate the strain gages with good GF can be produced even with low-cost equipment, such as desktop printer EPSON C88+ and PET-based substrate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Volodin, N. M., Yu N. Mishin, V. V. Kaminskii, and Yu V. Zakharov. "Samarium-monosulfide-based semiconductor strain gages for spacecraft-strain transformation." Solar System Research 47, no. 7 (November 28, 2013): 601–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0038094613070150.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Karny, Maciej. "Determination of In-Plane Shear Properties of Laminate with V-Notch Rail Shear Test and Digital Image Correlation." Transactions on Aerospace Research 2019, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tar-2019-0017.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract This article presents the results of the application of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) to measurements of in-plane shear modulus and strength of three different carbon fiber reinforced laminates. Three different approaches to shear strain calculations via DIC are evaluated and compared with standard strain gage measurements. Calculation of shear strain based on averaging DIC strain values of strain gages area in most cases yielded results closest to strain gages, while measurements based on single point strain measuring differed the most from strain gages. These results are attributed to shear strain distribution in the center area of the specimen. Thermoplastic matrix fabric reinforced composite had the lowest shear strength at 5% of shear strain, but the highest ultimate shear strength and strain at failure. Of thermosetting materials, laminate reinforced with unidirectional carbon fiber had shear modulus about 10% lower, than fabric reinforced laminate, but higher ultimate strength and strain at failure. This behavior is attributed to the presence of weaves in fabric reinforcing the laminate, causing shear stiffening of the material, but lowering its ability to deform under shear loading.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Cowper, Bruce, Al DaCosta, and Stephen Bobyn. "Shaft Alignment Using Strain Gages: Case Studies." Marine Technology and SNAME News 36, no. 02 (April 1, 1999): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1999.36.2.77.

Full text

Abstract:

Two case studies are presented in which measurement and modeling programs were undertaken to assess the installed shaft alignment condition on marine vessels. One on the CCGS Earl Grey, and the other on the HMCS Huron. In both cases catastrophic damages had previously occurred to shaftline components, which were suspected to be a result of shaft mis-alignment. The damaged components were repaired, and the shaftlines were re-aligned using traditional methods (optical/laser). To assess the alignment condition of the installed shaftlines, measurements were taken by using the strain gage technique. In one case the shaft was realigned according to the strain gage measurements. Mathematical modeling was also conducted to assess the implications of the alignment measurements, and to provide the means to estimate the offsets of the installed bearings from their prescribed positions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Batis, G., and Th Routoulas. "Steel rebars corrosion investigation with strain gages." Cement and Concrete Composites 21, no. 3 (January 1999): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-9465(98)00041-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Britten, D., and J. Jeswiet. "AFFIXING STRAIN GAGES TO A CONICAL SURFACE." Experimental Techniques 11, no. 4 (April 1987): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1987.tb02235.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Jahnke, Doug, Salih Yildiz, and Yiannis Andreopoulos. "Embedding sensors in composite plates for characterization under impacting shock wave loading." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 27 (April 27, 2018): 3831–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318770513.

Full text

Abstract:

High-frequency-response, semiconductor, strain gages used in various combinations have been embedded in S-2 glass epoxy composite test plates during in-house fabrication using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding in order to measure the transient strain and its rate during the impingement of the shock wave and subsequent interactions. To validate the techniques systematically, an in-house-developed, split-view time-resolved, stereo digital image correlation system has been used to compare static and time-dependent strain signals on a two-dimensional surface in a shock tube facility. Small size non-encapsulated solid-state gages were cumbersome to handle during the fabrication process, while encapsulated strain gages had very good spatial resolution and overall performance combined with some ease in handling during fabrication. The strain results indicate that embedding sensors is an accurate and inexpensive method to characterize composites under high-rate loading.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Shih, Shao Chiu, Yong Zhong Wang, Bing Yu, and Li Li Wang. "Experimental Measurement of Dynamical Young's Modulus and Shear Modulus of Low-Impedance Materials." Key Engineering Materials 261-263 (April 2004): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.261-263.325.

Full text

Abstract:

A new dynamical measurement technique that combines PVDF film piezoelectric gages with resistor strain gages in conventional SHPB is developed to study the dynamical mechanical behavior of low-impedance aluminum foam. The average value of the stresses measured by PVDF gages from the front face and the back face of the specimen at each time is taken as the effective stress history of the specimen. This effective stress history is combined with the measured axial strain history in the specimen by eliminating time t. Then the initial part of the stress-strain relationship of the material can be determined reliably. From its slope, the dynamical Young’s modulus of low-impedance aluminum foam can be determined. For the aluminum foam with a density of 1.2×103 Kg/cm3 at a given strain rate (ε& =814/s), we get: E =1.15 GPa, G=0.44GPa.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Mignolet, Marc P., and Byeong-Keun Choi. "Robust Optimal Positioning of Strain Gages on Blades." Journal of Turbomachinery 125, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1509076.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the formulation and validation of an automatic strategy for the selection of the locations and directions of strain gages to capture at best the modal response of a blade in a series of modes. These locations and directions are selected to render the strain measurements as robust as possible with respect to random mispositioning of the gages and gage failures. The approach relies on the evaluation of the signal-to-noise ratios of the gage measurements from finite element strain data and includes the effects of gage size. A genetic algorithm is used to find the strain gage locations-directions that lead to the largest possible value of the smallest modal strain signal-to-noise ratio, in the absence of gage failure, or of its expected value when gage failure is possible. A fan blade is used to exemplify the applicability of the proposed methodology and to demonstrate the effects of the essential parameters of the problem, i.e., the mispositioning level, the probability of gage failure, and the number of gages.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Dokoupil, Pavel. "Determination of Measurement Uncertainty of Strain and Stress Using Strain Gages." Transactions of the VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Mechanical Series 63, no. 1 (September 30, 2017): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22223/tr.2017-1/2023.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

YANG, Eun Ik, Goro KONDO, and Shiro MORITA. "CHARACTERISTICS OF STRAIN MEASUREMENT BY EMBEDDED-TYPE STRAIN GAGES IN CONCRETE." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 59, no. 462 (1994): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.59.11_6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Vangi, Dario. "Residual Stress Evaluation by the Hole-Drilling Method With Off-Center Hole: An Extension of the Integral Method." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 119, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2805978.

Full text

Abstract:

With the incremental hole-drilling method, it is possible to evaluate residual stress variations with depth, acquiring strain values for each step by strain gages. These data can be processed by the integral method. Usually strain gages are not spaced equidistant from the hole center nor arranged in the radial direction, due to practical difficulties in drilling a centered hole. In this study we present a development of the integral method for evaluating stress variations with depth in the specimen for eccentric blind hole cases. The results can be extended and adopted for use with a non-conventional strain gage array.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Araújo, S. S., G. N. Guimarães, and A. L. B. Geyer. "Influence of the type of measuring device in determining the static modulus of elasticity of concrete." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 5, no. 5 (October 2012): 555–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952012000500001.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the results obtained in static modulus of elasticity tests of plain concrete cylindrical specimens. The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the influence of several factors involved in modulus of elasticity tests such as the strain measurement device used (dial indicators, electrical surface bonded strain gages, externally fixed strain gages and linear variation displacement transducer - LVDT), the type of concrete (Class C30 and Class C60) and cylindrical specimen size (100 mm x 200 mm and 150 mm x 300 mm). The modulus tests were done in two different laboratories in the Goiânia, GO region and were performed according to code ABNT NBR 8522:2008, which describes the initial tangent modulus test, characterized by strains measured at tension values of 0.5 MPa and 30% of the ultimate load. One hundred and sixty specimens were tested with statistically satisfactory results. It was concluded that the type of strain measurement device greatly influenced the modulus of elasticity results. Tests in specimens 100 mm x 200 mm showed highest statistical variation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Cione, F. C., J. L. Rossi, A. C. Souza, S. Delijaicov, and M. A. Colosio. "Residual Stresses Measurements Using Strain Gages - Aluminum Wheels." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 1925–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.1925.

Full text

Abstract:

Many engineering specifications, manufacturing procedures, inspection and quality control have begun to require that the residual stress of a particular component be evaluated. This is becoming as commonplace as the demands on the mechanical properties. In the country there are few research laboratories qualified to perform these tests and also found a worrying lack of skilled labor. Studying the formation and distribution of residual stress fields will improve the operational criteria of wheel safety, among other gains. It is known that these residual stress fields could be added to the effects of system load (tare weight plus occupation of vehicle traction, braking and torque combined). The results obtained used drilling method and rosette type strain gages, are convergent with similarity to those obtained using FEA simulation over critical region for global and superficial in principal stresses mode. The relevance of the present study and research on residual stresses meets safety improvements in cars wheel industry.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Petersen, DR, RE Link, and WN Sharpe. "A Potential Optical Standard for Resistance Strain Gages." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 26, no. 5 (1998): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte12030j.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Trifkovic, Dragan, Radosav Nikolic, and Zivojin Petrovic. "Measurement of torsional vibrations by using strain gages." Vojnotehnicki glasnik, no. 3-4 (2005): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojtehg0504346t.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

McDONALD, C. R., and S. E. SWARTZ. "Use of Strain Gages on Miniature Concrete Cylinders." Experimental Techniques 5, no. 1 (January 28, 2008): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1981.tb01592.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Calder, C., and S. Smith. "BIOMECHANICAL FORCE-PLATFORM DESIGN BASED ON STRAIN GAGES." Experimental Techniques 11, no. 1 (January 1987): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1987.tb00385.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Chu, T. M., A. N. Gent, S. Sukthankar, and N. P. Reddy. "BONDING METHODS FOR STRAIN GAGES ON POLYPROPYLENE MATERIAL." Experimental Techniques 20, no. 5 (September 1996): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1996.tb00461.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

KOJIMA, Yukio. "Temperature Rise of Foil Strain Gages on Plastics." JSME international journal. Ser. 1, Solid mechanics, strength of materials 31, no. 2 (1988): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmea1988.31.2_226.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Jansen, K. M. B. "Effect of pressure on electrical resistance strain gages." Experimental Mechanics 37, no. 3 (September 1997): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02317414.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Verreman, Yves. "Monitoring short fatigue cracks with miniature strain gages." Experimental Mechanics 34, no. 3 (September 1994): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02319757.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Lee, S. H., E. Ruei, and S. Tonus. "Monitoring of non-woven geotextiles by strain gages." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 28, no. 6 (November 1991): A375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(91)91480-f.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Banaszak, David. "End-to-End Mechanical Calibration of Strain Channels in Dynamic Health Monitoring Systems." Journal of the IEST 45, no. 1 (September 14, 2002): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.45.1.724270g325661067.

Full text

Abstract:

The U.S. Air Force invented a calibration technique that allows one person to perform multiple, mechanical end-to-end calibrations of structural dynamics measurement systems. In Order to define the vibrations and acoustics environment, often an aircraft or engine structural health monitoring system collects airframe or engine structural integrity data. A recommended practice is to perform an end-to-end mechanical calibration of the system. This means a full calibration of instrumentation from the physical input to the transducer to the output where the analog or digital signal is normally analyzed. It is difficult to stimulate mounted and embedded transducers with a known physical input, especially strain gages bonded to a structure. This new technique uses a remote control structural exciter (RCSE) to stimulate transducers in structures, with a measurable input level, and the output signal is communicated to the data storage device of the structural health monitoring system. The Air Force demonstrated this patented technique by using accelerometers in the laboratory. This paper investigates this new technique to evaluate and calibrate strain gages mounted on structure. A reference piezoelectric strain gage measures the input. A typical system may include dynamic strain gages connected to a battery operated data acquisition system. This paper describes the invention and looks at potential field applications to insure data integrity of strain data in structural health monitoring data acquisition systems on aging commercial and military vehicles. Also, the paper describes a planned design of experiments to evaluate the use of remote control structural exciters for mechanical end-to-end calibration of strain gages in measurement systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Roberts, J. C., M. P. Boyle, P. D. Wienhold, and E. E. Ward. "Strains and Deflections of GFRP Sandwich Panels Due to Uniform Out-of-Plane Pressure." Marine Technology and SNAME News 39, no. 04 (October 1, 2002): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2002.39.4.223.

Full text

Abstract:

Rectangular orthotropic glass fiber reinforced plastic sandwich panels were tested under uniform out-of-plane pressure and the strains and deflections were compared with those from finite-element models of the panels. The panels, with 0.32 cm (0.125 in.) face sheets and a 1.27 cm (0.5 in.)core of either balsa or linear polyvinylchloride foam, were tested in two sizes: 183 × 92 cm (72 × 36 in.) and121 × 92 cm (48 × 36 in.). The sandwich panels were fabricated using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding technique. The two short edges of the sandwich panels were clamped, while the two long edges were simply supported. Uniform external pressure was applied using two large water inflatable bladders in series. The deflection and strains were measured using dial gages and strain gages placed at quarter and half points on the surface of the panels. Measurements were made up to a maximum out-of-plane pressure of 0.1 MPa (15psi). A total of six balsa core and six foam core panels were tested. Finite-element models were constructed for the 183-cm-long panel and the121-cm-long panel. Correlation between numerical and experimental strains to deflect the sandwich panel was much better on the top (tensile) side of the panels than on the bottom (compressive)side of the panels, regardless of panel aspect ratio or core material. All sandwich panels exhibited the same compressive strain reversal behavior on the compressive side of the panel. This phenomenon was thought to be due to nonlinearly induced micro-buckling under the strain gages, buckling of the woven fabric, or micro-cracking within the resin.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Barrero, Carlos H. "Periimplant Strain Comparison Generated by Resin and Bone Models Using Strain Gages." Journal of Prosthodontics 9, no. 3 (August 6, 2004): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849x.2000.172_34.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Petersen, DR, RE Link, PTV Gomes, NS Maia, TR Mansur, and ES Palma. "Temperature Effect on Strain Measurement by Using Weldable Electrical Resistance Strain Gages." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 31, no. 5 (2003): 11499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte12366j.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Gross, T. S., K. J. McLeod, and C. T. Rubin. "Characterizing bone strain distributions in vivo using three triple rosette strain gages." Journal of Biomechanics 25, no. 9 (September 1992): 1081–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(92)90044-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Zhang, Feng Peng, Zhao Guo Qiu, and Peng Fei Jiao. "Test Analysis of Measuring Working Strains in Concrete Structures by Loophole-Drilling Strain-Gage Method." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 5656–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.5656.

Full text

Abstract:

Hole-drilling strain-gage method for measuring working strains in concrete structures has been discussed by tests. Pre-loading strain has been used to simulate the working strain in concrete structure, and model beams have been sued for drilling measurement tests in the lab. Some key issues of this work have been studied, such as strain gages selected, waterproof, data continuous transmission out of hole, etc., and the strain release curves have been obtained. On the basis of the work, the effects of drilling depth (h), hole diameter (d), original strain and the environmental temperature have been analyzed, and general laws of working strains measurement described by strain released rates have been obtained. These results have been successfully applied in the existing bridge inspection, and referred for reinforcement design and construction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Dvorak, Milan, Miroslav Kabrt, and Milan Růžička. "The Use of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors during the Static Load Test of a Composite Wing Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 486 (December 2013): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.486.102.

Full text

Abstract:

The article describes process of implementation of optical Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors into the composite wing structure and their behavior during the strength test. The wing is of all-composite construction. The upper and lower skins are made of glass/epoxy composite. The spar caps are made of carbon/epoxy unidirectional composite. Optical fibers were integrated directly into the spar caps and into the adhesive joints. They were oriented in parallel with the main spar axis. The first optical fiber with chain of multiple FBG sensors was integrated into the structure of upper spar cap. Another FBG chain of FBG sensors was located in the adhesive joint of lower spar cap and shear web. The wing was instrumented with strain gages as well. Strain gages were glued to the sides of the spar caps. Static load was produced by a hydraulic actuator. Experimental results from strain gages and FBG sensors were compared with the results of the analytical analysis of the wing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Lee, H. M., and H. S. Park. "Measurement of Maximum Strain of Steel Beam Structures Based on Average Strains from Vibrating Wire Strain Gages." Experimental Techniques 37, no. 2 (April 14, 2011): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.2011.00733.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Bougherara, Habiba, Muhammad Saleem, Suraj Shah, Lotfi Toubal, Ahmed Sarwar, Emil H. Schemitsch, and Radovan Zdero. "Stress analysis of a carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy plate with a hole undergoing tension: A comparison of finite element analysis, strain gages, and infrared thermography." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 19 (January 10, 2018): 2679–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998317752501.

Full text

Abstract:

This is the first study, to the authors' knowledge, to simultaneously perform a direct comparison of finite element analysis, strain gage measurements, and infrared thermography for stress analysis under both static and dynamics tensile loads of the classic geometry of a composite plate with a center hole. The plate was made from a carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composite with dimensions of 250 mm length × 25 mm width × 2.2 mm thickness and a 5 mm diameter center hole. Using static tensile loads of 1000 N, 2000 N, and 3000 N, the plate Von Mises stress field was evaluated using strain gages versus finite element analysis. Using cyclic tensile loads of 1000 N and 1600 N at 5 Hz, the plate Von Mises stress field was assessed using strain gages versus infrared thermography. The strain gages versus finite element analysis line-of-best-fit showed poor agreement (slope = 2.1, R = 0.81), although the slope could easily be applied as a correction factor when comparing the two methods. The strain gages versus infrared thermography showed much better agreement (slope = 0.95, R = 0.91). Finite element analysis displayed a “butterfly” stress field around the hole with peaks of 73.5 MPa (at 1000 N), 147 MPa (at 2000 N), and 220.5 MPa (at 3000 N). Infrared thermography showed a “ring” of high stress around the hole with peaks of 74.8 MPa (at 1000 N) and 102.9 MPa (at 1600 N). All three methods showed similar relative trends for the carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy plate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

MISCH, Sandra, Florian WELZEL, and Hans-Christian MÖHRING. "INTEGRATED STRAIN GAUGE PRINTING IN A CFRP STRUCTURE." Journal of Machine Engineering 19, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4083.

Full text

Abstract:

Our approach is to integrate printed strain gauges into a structure of laminated carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP). This can provide minimizing disturbances caused by an additional sensor weight. Another point is to reduce the occurrence of pre-damage, as a printed structure is integrated directly into the CFRP. Due to the printing, no additional masses are applied to the CFRP by cables. To this end, the boundary conditions for the print are first explained. Subsequently, the strain gages were printed. For this purpose, studies were carried out regarding the orientation of the strain gage printing direction, the influence of repeated printing, the overlapping during printing and the subsequent lamination in CFRP plates. The sensors are to be used in the structure of the CFRP plate in a machine tool.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Handschuh, R. F., and G. D. Bibel. "Experimental and Analytical Study of Aerospace Spiral Bevel Gear Tooth Fillet Stresses." Journal of Mechanical Design 121, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 565–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2829500.

Full text

Abstract:

An aerospace-quality spiral bevel gearset was analytically and experimentally rolled through mesh to investigate tooth bending stress. A nonlinear finite element model utilized multiple teeth from the pinion and gear to simulate three-dimensional multitooth contact. The results were compared to those obtained experimentally with strain gages. A total of five strain gages, mounted in the root/fillet region of three teeth, were used. Effects of changing speed and load were measured. Tests were conducted from static (slow roll) to 14,400 rpm at power levels up to 537 kW (720 hp).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Rao, M. N. Keshava, M. V. Dharaneepathy, S. Gomathinayagam, K. Ramaraju, P. K. Chakravorty, and P. K. Mishra. "Computer-Aided Alignment of Ship Propulsion Shafts by Strain-Gage Methods." Marine Technology and SNAME News 28, no. 02 (March 1, 1991): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1991.28.2.84.

Full text

Abstract:

A generalized procedure to compute all bearing reactions using finite-element and strain-gage techniques is explained. A computational algorithm for computing optimum bearing offsets both for new design as well as existing ships to get optimum bearing reactions is presented along with a numerical example. Advantages of the strain-gage method over other methods in working out a proper shaft alignment are described. A procedure to estimate the existing reactions in all bearings with the aid of strain gages, even for the case of three inaccessible bearings, is explained. By this feature, the strain-gage method is shown to be complete in itself and need not be supplemented by other conventional methods. An ideal architecture for shaft alignment computer software is explained. A technique for online shaft diagnosis in operational conditions using strain gages and onboard computers is shown.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Wickham, M. J., D. R. Riley, and C. J. Nachtsheim. "Integrating Optimal Experimental Design into the Design of a Multi-Axis Load Transducer." Journal of Engineering for Industry 117, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804346.

Full text

Abstract:

The determination of loads applied to a structure is often necessary in the design process. In some situations it is not feasible to insert a load cell in the system to measure these applied loads. In these cases, it would be expedient to utilize the structure itself as a load transducer. This can be accomplished by measuring strains at a number of locations on the structure. The precision with which the applied loads can be estimated from measured structural responses depends on the number of strain gages utilized and their placement on the structure. This paper presents a computational methodology which utilizes optimal experimental design techniques to select the number, locations and angular orientations of the strain gages which will provide the most precise load estimates based on the generalized load vector. Selection is made from a candidate set created using a finite element analysis. The application of this method is illustrated with an example.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Strain gages'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles